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Stezin A, Sathe GJ, Gajbhiye A, Bharadwaj S, Ghose V, Bellad A, Malo PK, Holla V, Hegde S, Bharath RD, Saini J, Jain S, Yadav R, Pandey A, Pal PK. Dysregulated Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteome of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 and its Clinical Implications. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 38769639 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in ataxin-2 associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) may lead to widespread disruptions in the proteome. This study was performed to identify dysregulated proteome in SCA2 and to explore its clinical-radiological correlations. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 21 genetically confirmed SCA2 were subjected to shotgun proteome analysis using mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based multiplexing. Proteins with at least 1.5-fold change in abundance were identified. Their relative abundance was measured using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) and correlated against disease-related factors. RESULTS Eleven proteins were significantly upregulated in SCA2. They belonged to the family of cell adhesion molecules and granins. Their fold changes showed significant clinical, genetic, and radiological correlations. CONCLUSIONS Significant dysregulation of CSF proteome is seen in SCA2. The dysregulated protein may have potential use in clinical evaluation of patients with SCA2. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stezin
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Brain Research (CBR), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Sujas Bharadwaj
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Vivek Ghose
- Institute of Bioinformatics (IOB), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Palash Kumar Malo
- Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Brain Research (CBR), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
| | - Vikram Holla
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Shantala Hegde
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Rose Dawn Bharath
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Jitender Saini
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroimaging, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Institute of Bioinformatics (IOB), Bangalore, India
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Habicher J, Sanvido I, Bühler A, Sartori S, Piccoli G, Carl M. The Risk Genes for Neuropsychiatric Disorders negr1 and opcml Are Expressed throughout Zebrafish Brain Development. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:363. [PMID: 38540422 PMCID: PMC10969947 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin LAMP/OBCAM/NTM (IgLON) family of cell adhesion molecules comprises five members known for their involvement in establishing neural circuit connectivity, fine-tuning, and maintenance. Mutations in IgLON genes result in alterations in these processes and can lead to neuropsychiatric disorders. The two IgLON family members NEGR1 and OPCML share common links with several of them, such as schizophrenia, autism, and major depressive disorder. However, the onset and the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained largely unresolved, hampering progress in developing therapies. NEGR1 and OPCML are evolutionarily conserved in teleosts like the zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is excellently suited for disease modelling and large-scale screening for disease-ameliorating compounds. To explore the potential applicability of zebrafish for extending our knowledge on NEGR1- and OPCML-linked disorders and to develop new therapeutic strategies, we investigated the spatio-temporal expression of the two genes during early stages of development. negr1 and opcml are expressed maternally and subsequently in partially distinct domains of conserved brain regions. Other areas of expression in zebrafish have not been reported in mammals to date. Our results indicate that NEGR1 and OPCML may play roles in neural circuit development and function at stages earlier than previously anticipated. A detailed functional analysis of the two genes based on our findings could contribute to understanding the mechanistic basis of related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Habicher
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Ilaria Sanvido
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Anja Bühler
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Samuele Sartori
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Matthias Carl
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
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Landa J, Serafim AB, Alba M, Maudes E, Molina-Porcel L, Garcia-Serra A, Mannara F, Dalmau J, Graus F, Sabater L. IgLON5 deficiency produces behavioral alterations in a knockout mouse model. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347948. [PMID: 38370417 PMCID: PMC10869603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-IgLON5 disease is a neurological disorder characterized by autoantibodies against IgLON5 and pathological evidence of neurodegeneration. IgLON5 is a cell adhesion molecule of unknown function that is highly expressed in the brain. Our aim was to investigate the impact of IgLON5 loss-of-function in evaluating brain morphology, social behavior, and the development of symptoms observed in an IgLON5 knockout (IgLON5-KO) mouse model. Methods The IgLON5-KO mice were generated using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Immunohistochemistry on fixed sagittal brain sections and Western blotting brain lysates were used to confirm IgLON5 silencing and to evaluate the presence of other cell surface proteins. Two- month-old IgLON5-KO and wild-type (WT) mice underwent a comprehensive battery of behavioral tests to assess 1) locomotion, 2) memory, 3) anxiety, 4) social interaction, and 5) depressive-like behavior. Brain sections were examined for the presence of anatomical abnormalities and deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau in young adult (2-month-old) and aged (22-month-old) mice. Results Mice did not develop neurological symptoms reminiscent of those seen in patients with anti-IgLON5 disease. Behavioral testing revealed that 2-month-old IgLON5-KO mice showed subtle alterations in motor coordination and balance. IgLON5-KO females exhibited hyperactivity during night and day. Males were observed to have depressive-like behavior and excessive nest-building behavior. Neuropathological studies did not reveal brain morphological alterations or hyperphosphorylated tau deposits. Conclusion IgLON5-KO mice showed subtle alterations in behavior and deficits in fine motor coordination but did not develop the clinical phenotype of anti-IgLON5 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Landa
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Beatriz Serafim
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alba
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Maudes
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Neurological Tissue Bank, Biobanc, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Garcia-Serra
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Mannara
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Dalmau
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Graus
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Sabater
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer-Caixa Research Institute (CRI), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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Lobb-Rabe M, Nawrocka WI, Zhang R, Ashley J, Carrillo RA, Özkan E. Neuronal Wiring Receptors Dprs and DIPs Are GPI Anchored and This Modification Contributes to Their Cell Surface Organization. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0184-23.2023. [PMID: 38233143 PMCID: PMC10863630 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0184-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila Dpr and DIP proteins belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface proteins (CSPs). Their hetero- and homophilic interactions have been implicated in a variety of neuronal functions, including synaptic connectivity, cell survival, and axon fasciculation. However, the signaling pathways underlying these diverse functions are unknown. To gain insight into Dpr-DIP signaling, we sought to examine how these CSPs are associated with the membrane. Specifically, we asked whether Dprs and DIPs are integral membrane proteins or membrane anchored through the addition of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) linkage. We demonstrate that most Dprs and DIPs are GPI anchored to the membrane of insect cells and validate these findings for some family members in vivo using Drosophila larvae, where GPI anchor cleavage results in loss of surface labeling. Additionally, we show that GPI cleavage abrogates aggregation of insect cells expressing cognate Dpr-DIP partners. To test if the GPI anchor affects Dpr and DIP localization, we replaced it with a transmembrane domain and observed perturbation of subcellular localization on motor neurons and muscles. These data suggest that membrane anchoring of Dprs and DIPs through GPI linkage is required for localization and that Dpr-DIP intracellular signaling likely requires transmembrane coreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Lobb-Rabe
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Wioletta I Nawrocka
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Committee on Development, Regeneration, and Stem Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - James Ashley
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Robert A Carrillo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Engin Özkan
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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Salluzzo M, Vianello C, Abdullatef S, Rimondini R, Piccoli G, Carboni L. The Role of IgLON Cell Adhesion Molecules in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1886. [PMID: 37895235 PMCID: PMC10606101 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the brain, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are critical for neurite outgrowth, axonal fasciculation, neuronal survival and migration, and synapse formation and maintenance. Among CAMs, the IgLON family comprises five members: Opioid Binding Protein/Cell Adhesion Molecule Like (OPCML or OBCAM), Limbic System Associated Membrane Protein (LSAMP), neurotrimin (NTM), Neuronal Growth Regulator 1 (NEGR1), and IgLON5. IgLONs exhibit three N-terminal C2 immunoglobulin domains; several glycosylation sites; and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring to the membrane. Interactions as homo- or heterodimers in cis and in trans, as well as binding to other molecules, appear critical for their functions. Shedding by metalloproteases generates soluble factors interacting with cellular receptors and activating signal transduction. The aim of this review was to analyse the available data implicating a role for IgLONs in neuropsychiatric disorders. Starting from the identification of a pathological role for antibodies against IgLON5 in an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease with a poorly understood mechanism of action, accumulating evidence links IgLONs to neuropsychiatric disorders, albeit with still undefined mechanisms which will require future thorough investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Salluzzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Clara Vianello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (R.R.)
| | - Sandra Abdullatef
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (S.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Roberto Rimondini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (R.R.)
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (S.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Lucia Carboni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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Landa J, Serafim AB, Gaig C, Saiz A, Koneczny I, Hoftberger R, Santamaria J, Dalmau J, Graus F, Sabater L. Patients' IgLON5 autoantibodies interfere with IgLON5-protein interactions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1151574. [PMID: 37033996 PMCID: PMC10073962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1151574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare neurological disorder characterized by autoantibodies against IgLON5, and pathological evidence of neurodegeneration. IgLON5 is a cell adhesion molecule but its physiological function is unknown. Our aim was to investigate the IgLON5 interactome and to determine if IgLON5 antibodies (IgLON5-abs) affect these protein interactions. Methods IgLON5 interactome was investigated by mass spectrometry sequencing of proteins immunoprecipitated by IgLON5 autoantibodies using cultures of rat cerebellar granular neurons (CGNs). Shedding of IgLON5 was explored using HEK cells transfected with human IgLON5 plasmid and in CGNs. Interactions of IgLON5 with identified binding partners and IgLON5-abs effects were confirmed by immunofluorescence in transfected HEK cells and rat hippocampal neurons. Results Patients' IgLON5 antibodies co-precipitated all members of the IgLON family and three 3 additional surface proteins. IgLON5 predominantly establishes homomeric and heteromeric cis (within the cell) and trans (between cells)-interactions with other IgLON family members and undergoes spontaneous ectodomain shedding. Antibodies from patients with anti-IgLON5 disease prevent trans-interactions in hippocampal neurons independently of the IgLON5 IgG subclass distribution. Conclusions We show a potentially novel pathogenic mechanism of IgLON5-abs that consists in blocking IgLON5 interactions with its binding partners. These findings extend our knowledge about the physiological role of IgLON5 and pave the way to future understanding of the pathological mechanisms of anti-IgLON5 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Landa
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Beatriz Serafim
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Gaig
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Saiz
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inga Koneczny
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Hoftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joan Santamaria
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Dalmau
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Graus
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Sabater
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Martinez-Monleon A, Gaarder J, Djos A, Kogner P, Fransson S. Identification of recurrent 3q13.31 chromosomal rearrangement indicates LSAMP as a tumor suppressor gene in neuroblastoma. Int J Oncol 2023; 62:27. [PMID: 36601748 PMCID: PMC9851131 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system. NB is mainly driven by copy number alterations, such as MYCN amplification, large deletions of chromosome arm 11q and gain of chromosome arm 17q, which are all markers of high‑risk disease. Genes targeted by recurrent, smaller, focal alterations include CDKN2A/B, TERT, PTPRD and ATRX. Our previous study on relapsed NB detected recurrent structural alterations centered at limbic system‑associated membrane protein (LSAMP; HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee: 6705; chromosomal location 3q13.31), which is a gene frequently reported to be deleted or downregulated in other types of cancer. Notably, in cancer, LSAMP has been shown to have tumor‑suppressing functions. The present study performed an expanded investigation using whole genome sequencing of tumors from 35 patients, mainly with high‑risk NB. Focal duplications or deletions targeting LSAMP were detected in six cases (17%), whereas single nucleotide polymorphism‑microarray analysis of 16 NB cell lines detected segmental alterations at 3q13.31 in seven out of the 16 NB cell lines (44%). Furthermore, low expression of LSAMP in NB tumors was significantly associated with poor overall and event‑free survival. In vitro, knockdown of LSAMP in NB cell lines increased cell proliferation, whereas overexpression decreased proliferation and viability. These findings supported a tumor suppressor role for LSAMP in NB. However, the higher incidence of LSAMP aberrations in cell lines and in relapsed NB tumors suggested that these alterations were a late event predominantly in advanced NB with a poor prognosis, indicating a role of LSAMP in tumor progression rather than in tumor initiation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated recurrent genomic aberrations of chromosomal region 3q13.31 that targeted the LSAMP gene, which encodes a membrane protein involved in cell adhesion, central nervous system development and neurite outgrowth. The frequent aberrations affecting LSAMP, together with functional evidence, suggested an anti‑proliferative role of LSAMP in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Martinez-Monleon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jennie Gaarder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Djos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Fransson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden,Correspondence to: Dr Susanne Fransson, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 3B, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden, E-mail:
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8
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Duregotti E, Reumiller CM, Mayr U, Hasman M, Schmidt LE, Burnap SA, Theofilatos K, Barallobre-Barreiro J, Beran A, Grandoch M, Viviano A, Jahangiri M, Mayr M. Reduced secretion of neuronal growth regulator 1 contributes to impaired adipose-neuronal crosstalk in obesity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7269. [PMID: 36433953 PMCID: PMC9700863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34846-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While the endocrine function of white adipose tissue has been extensively explored, comparatively little is known about the secretory activity of less-investigated fat depots. Here, we use proteomics to compare the secretory profiles of male murine perivascular depots with those of canonical white and brown fat. Perivascular secretomes show enrichment for neuronal cell-adhesion molecules, reflecting a higher content of intra-parenchymal sympathetic projections compared to other adipose depots. The sympathetic innervation is reduced in the perivascular fat of obese (ob/ob) male mice, as well as in the epicardial fat of patients with obesity. Degeneration of sympathetic neurites is observed in presence of conditioned media of fat explants from ob/ob mice, that show reduced secretion of neuronal growth regulator 1. Supplementation of neuronal growth regulator 1 reverses this neurodegenerative effect, unveiling a neurotrophic role for this protein previously identified as a locus associated with human obesity. As sympathetic stimulation triggers energy-consuming processes in adipose tissue, an impaired adipose-neuronal crosstalk is likely to contribute to the disrupted metabolic homeostasis characterising obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Duregotti
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Christina M. Reumiller
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Ursula Mayr
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Maria Hasman
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Lukas E. Schmidt
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Sean A. Burnap
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Theofilatos
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Javier Barallobre-Barreiro
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
| | - Arne Beran
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Translational Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Translational Pharmacology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessandro Viviano
- grid.4464.20000 0001 2161 2573Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. George’s Hospital, University of London, London, UK ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Present Address: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marjan Jahangiri
- grid.4464.20000 0001 2161 2573Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. George’s Hospital, University of London, London, UK
| | - Manuel Mayr
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, UK
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Behavioral Phenotyping of Bbs6 and Bbs8 Knockout Mice Reveals Major Alterations in Communication and Anxiety. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314506. [PMID: 36498834 PMCID: PMC9741393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is an organelle with a central role in cellular signal perception. Mutations in genes that encode cilia-associated proteins result in a collection of human syndromes collectively termed ciliopathies. Of these, the Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is considered one of the archetypical ciliopathies, as patients exhibit virtually all respective clinical phenotypes, such as pathological changes of the retina or the kidney. However, the behavioral phenotype associated with ciliary dysfunction has received little attention thus far. Here, we extensively characterized the behavior of two rodent models of BBS, Bbs6/Mkks, and Bbs8/Ttc8 knockout mice concerning social behavior, anxiety, and cognitive abilities. While learning tasks remained unaffected due to the genotype, we observed diminished social behavior and altered communication. Additionally, Bbs knockout mice displayed reduced anxiety. This was not due to altered adrenal gland function or corticosterone serum levels. However, hypothalamic expression of Lsamp, the limbic system associated protein, and Adam10, a protease acting on Lsamp, were reduced. This was accompanied by changes in characteristics of adult hypothalamic neurosphere cultures. In conclusion, we provide evidence that behavioral changes in Bbs knockout mice are mainly found in social and anxiety traits and might be based on an altered architecture of the hypothalamus.
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Lobb-Rabe M, DeLong K, Salazar RJ, Zhang R, Wang Y, Carrillo RA. Dpr10 and Nocte are required for Drosophila motor axon pathfinding. Neural Dev 2022; 17:10. [PMID: 36271407 PMCID: PMC9585758 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-022-00165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The paths axons travel to reach their targets and the subsequent synaptic connections they form are highly stereotyped. How cell surface proteins (CSPs) mediate these processes is not completely understood. The Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is an ideal system to study how pathfinding and target specificity are accomplished, as the axon trajectories and innervation patterns are known and easily visualized. Dpr10 is a CSP required for synaptic partner choice in the neuromuscular and visual circuits and for axon pathfinding in olfactory neuron organization. In this study, we show that Dpr10 is also required for motor axon pathfinding. To uncover how Dpr10 mediates this process, we used immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry to identify Dpr10 associated proteins. One of these, Nocte, is an unstructured, intracellular protein implicated in circadian rhythm entrainment. We mapped nocte expression in larvae and found it widely expressed in neurons, muscles, and glia. Cell-specific knockdown suggests nocte is required presynaptically to mediate motor axon pathfinding. Additionally, we found that nocte and dpr10 genetically interact to control NMJ assembly, suggesting that they function in the same molecular pathway. Overall, these data reveal novel roles for Dpr10 and its newly identified interactor, Nocte, in motor axon pathfinding and provide insight into how CSPs regulate circuit assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Lobb-Rabe
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Molecular Genetics & Cellular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Katherine DeLong
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Molecular Genetics & Cellular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Rio J. Salazar
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Molecular Genetics & Cellular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Molecular Genetics & Cellular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Committee on Development, Regeneration, and Stem Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Yupu Wang
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Molecular Genetics & Cellular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Committee on Development, Regeneration, and Stem Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Robert A. Carrillo
- grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Department of Molecular Genetics & Cellular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822Committee on Development, Regeneration, and Stem Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
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11
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Spatiotemporal expression of IgLON family members in the developing mouse nervous system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19536. [PMID: 34599206 PMCID: PMC8486791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expression of cell adhesion molecules in neuronal populations is one of the many mechanisms promoting the formation of functional neural circuits in the developing nervous system. The IgLON family consists of five cell surface immunoglobulin proteins that have been associated with various developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder. However, there is still limited and fragmented information about their patterns of expression in certain regions of the developing nervous system and how their expression contributes to their function. Utilizing an in situ hybridization approach, we have analyzed the spatiotemporal expression of all IgLON family members in the developing mouse brain, spinal cord, eye, olfactory epithelium, and vomeronasal organ. At one prenatal (E16) and two postnatal (P0 and P15) ages, we show that each IgLON displays distinct expression patterns in the olfactory system, cerebral cortex, midbrain, cerebellum, spinal cord, and eye, indicating that they likely contribute to the wiring of specific neuronal circuitry. These analyses will inform future functional studies aimed at identifying additional roles for these proteins in nervous system development.
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Chang CY, Wu KL, Chang YY, Liu YW, Huang YC, Jian SF, Lin YS, Tsai PH, Hung JY, Tsai YM, Hsu YL. The Downregulation of LSAMP Expression Promotes Lung Cancer Progression and Is Associated with Poor Survival Prognosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060578. [PMID: 34202934 PMCID: PMC8234324 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has been a leading cause of cancer-related death for decades and therapeutic strategies for non-driver mutation lung cancer are still lacking. A novel approach for this type of lung cancer is an emergent requirement. Here we find that loss of LSAMP (Limbic System Associated Membrane Protein), compared to other IgLON family of proteins NTM (Neurotrimin) and OPCML (OPioid-binding Cell adhesion MoLecule), exhibits the strongest prognostic and therapeutic significance in predicting lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. Lower expression of LSAMP and NTM, but not OPCML, were found in tumor parts compared with normal parts in six LUAD patients, and this was validated by public datasets, Oncomine® and TCGA. The lower expression of LSAMP, but not NTM, was correlated to shorter overall survival. Two epigenetic regulations, including hypermethylation and miR-143-3p upregulation but not copy number variation, were associated with downregulation of LSAMP in LUAD patients. Pathway network analysis showed that NEGR1 (Neuronal Growth Regulator 1) was involved in the regulatory loop of LSAMP. The biologic functions by LSMAP knockdown in lung cancer cells revealed LSMAP was linked to cancer cell migration via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) but not proliferation nor stemness of LUAD. Our result showed for the first time that LSAMP acts as a potential tumor suppressor in regulating lung cancer. A further deep investigation into the role of LSAMP in lung cancer tumorigenesis would provide therapeutic hope for such affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yun Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Jian
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Yi-Shiuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Pei-Hsun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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13
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Hennig EE, Kluska A, Piątkowska M, Kulecka M, Bałabas A, Zeber-Lubecka N, Goryca K, Ambrożkiewicz F, Karczmarski J, Olesiński T, Zyskowski Ł, Ostrowski J. GWAS Links New Variant in Long Non-Coding RNA LINC02006 with Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10060465. [PMID: 34070617 PMCID: PMC8229782 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Identifying risk factors for cancer development can allow for appropriate stratification and surveillance of individuals at risk, increasing their chances of benefiting from early disease detection; however, most of the genetic factors contributing to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain undetermined. Here, we adopted a new approach for selecting index polymorphism for further validation in combination with a genome-wide association study of pooled DNA samples for CRC susceptibility variants in the Polish population. This study, including 2013 patients and controls, uncovered five susceptibility loci not previously reported for CRC. Four of identified variants were located within genes likely involved in tumor invasiveness and metastasis, suggesting that they could be markers of poor prognosis in CRC patients. Our results provide evidence that conducting association studies on small but homogenous populations can help us discover new common risk variants specific to the studied population. Abstract Despite great efforts, most of the genetic factors contributing to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain undetermined. Including small but homogenous populations in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can help us discover new common risk variants specific to the studied population. In this study, including 465 CRC patients and 1548 controls, a pooled DNA samples-based GWAS was conducted in search of genetic variants associated with CRC in a Polish population. Combined with a new method of selecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for verification in individual DNA samples, this approach allowed the detection of five new susceptibility loci not previously reported for CRC. The discovered loci were found to explain 10% of the overall risk of developing CRC. The strongest association was observed for rs10935945 in long non-coding RNA LINC02006 (3q25.2). Three other SNPs were also located within genes (rs17575184 in NEGR1, rs11060839 in PIWIL1, rs12935896 in BCAS3), while one was intergenic (rs9927668 at 16p13.2). An expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) bioinformatic analysis suggested that these polymorphisms may affect transcription factor binding sites. In conclusion, four of the identified variants were located within genes likely involved in tumor invasiveness and metastasis. Therefore, they could possibly be markers of poor prognosis in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa E. Hennig
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (N.Z.-L.); (J.O.)
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kluska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Magdalena Piątkowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Maria Kulecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (N.Z.-L.); (J.O.)
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Aneta Bałabas
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (N.Z.-L.); (J.O.)
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Goryca
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Filip Ambrożkiewicz
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Jakub Karczmarski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
| | - Tomasz Olesiński
- Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (T.O.); (Ł.Z.)
| | - Łukasz Zyskowski
- Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (T.O.); (Ł.Z.)
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (N.Z.-L.); (J.O.)
- Department of Genetics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (M.P.); (A.B.); (K.G.); (F.A.); (J.K.)
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14
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Dong Y, Fan X, Wang Z, Zhang L, Guo S. Circ_HECW2 functions as a miR-30e-5p sponge to regulate LPS-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition by mediating NEGR1 expression. Brain Res 2020; 1748:147114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Kozlova I, Sah S, Keable R, Leshchyns'ka I, Janitz M, Sytnyk V. Cell Adhesion Molecules and Protein Synthesis Regulation in Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:592126. [PMID: 33281551 PMCID: PMC7689008 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.592126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) mediate interactions of neurons with the extracellular environment by forming adhesive bonds with CAMs on adjacent membranes or via binding to proteins of the extracellular matrix. Binding of CAMs to their extracellular ligands results in the activation of intracellular signaling cascades, leading to changes in neuronal structure and the molecular composition and function of neuronal contacts. Ultimately, many of these changes depend on the synthesis of new proteins. In this review, we summarize the evidence showing that CAMs regulate protein synthesis by modulating the activity of transcription factors, gene expression, protein translation, and the structure and distribution of organelles involved in protein synthesis and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kozlova
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Saroj Sah
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan Keable
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Janitz
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Venkannagari H, Kasper JM, Misra A, Rush SA, Fan S, Lee H, Sun H, Seshadrinathan S, Machius M, Hommel JD, Rudenko G. Highly Conserved Molecular Features in IgLONs Contrast Their Distinct Structural and Biological Outcomes. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:5287-5303. [PMID: 32710982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) and neurotrimin (NTM) are abundant cell-surface proteins found in the brain and form part of the IgLON (Immunoglobulin LSAMP, OBCAM, Neurotrimin) family. In humans, NEGR1 is implicated in obesity and mental disorders, while NTM is linked to intelligence and cognitive function. IgLONs dimerize homophilically and heterophilically, and they are thought to shape synaptic connections and neural circuits by acting in trans (spanning cellular junctions) and/or in cis (at the same side of a junction). Here, we reveal homodimeric structures of NEGR1 and NTM. They assemble into V-shaped complexes via their Ig1 domains, and disruption of the Ig1-Ig1 interface abolishes dimerization in solution. A hydrophobic ridge from one Ig1 domain inserts into a hydrophobic pocket from the opposing Ig1 domain producing an interaction interface that is highly conserved among IgLONs but remarkably plastic structurally. Given the high degree of sequence conservation at the interaction interface, we tested whether different IgLONs could elicit the same biological effect in vivo. In a small-scale study administering different soluble IgLONs directly into the brain and monitoring feeding, only NEGR1 altered food intake significantly. Taking NEGR1 as a prototype, our studies thus indicate that while IgLONs share a conserved mode of interaction and are able to bind each other as homomers and heteromers, they are structurally plastic and can exert unique biological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikanth Venkannagari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - James M Kasper
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Anurag Misra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Scott A Rush
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shanghua Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hubert Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Suchithra Seshadrinathan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mischa Machius
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jonathan D Hommel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Gabby Rudenko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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17
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Li S, Li Y, Li X, Liu J, Huo Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Li M, Luo XJ. Regulatory mechanisms of major depressive disorder risk variants. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1926-1945. [PMID: 32214206 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Though recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple risk variants for MDD, how these variants confer MDD risk remains largely unknown. Here we systematically characterize the regulatory mechanism of MDD risk variants using a functional genomics approach. By integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) (from human brain tissues or neuronal cells) and position weight matrix (PWM) data, we identified 34 MDD risk SNPs that disrupt the binding of 15 transcription factors (TFs). We verified the regulatory effect of the TF binding-disrupting SNPs with reporter gene assays, allelic-specific expression analysis, and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis identified the target genes that might be regulated by these regulatory risk SNPs. Finally, we found that NEGR1 (regulated by the TF binding-disrupting MDD risk SNP rs3101339) was dysregulated in the brains of MDD cases compared with controls, implying that rs3101339 may confer MDD risk by affecting NEGR1 expression. Our findings reveal how genetic variants contribute to MDD risk by affecting TF binding and gene regulation. More importantly, our study identifies the potential MDD causal variants and their target genes, thus providing pivotal candidates for future mechanistic study and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongxia Huo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Junyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiong-Jian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China. .,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China. .,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China. .,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.
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18
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Depression-Associated Gene Negr1-Fgfr2 Pathway Is Altered by Antidepressant Treatment. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081818. [PMID: 32751911 PMCID: PMC7464991 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Negr1 gene has been significantly associated with major depression in genetic studies. Negr1 encodes for a cell adhesion molecule cleaved by the protease Adam10, thus activating Fgfr2 and promoting neuronal spine plasticity. We investigated whether antidepressants modulate the expression of genes belonging to Negr1-Fgfr2 pathway in Flinders sensitive line (FSL) rats, in a corticosterone-treated mouse model of depression, and in mouse primary neurons. Negr1 and Adam10 were the genes mostly affected by antidepressant treatment, and in opposite directions. Negr1 was down-regulated by escitalopram in the hypothalamus of FSL rats, by fluoxetine in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of corticosterone-treated mice, and by nortriptyline in hippocampal primary neurons. Adam10 mRNA was increased by nortriptyline administration in the hypothalamus, by escitalopram in the hippocampus of FSL rats, and by fluoxetine in mouse dorsal dentate gyrus. Similarly, nortriptyline increased Adam10 expression in hippocampal cultures. Fgfr2 expression was increased by nortriptyline in the hypothalamus of FSL rats and in hippocampal neurons. Lsamp, another IgLON family protein, increased in mouse dentate gyrus after fluoxetine treatment. These findings suggest that Negr1-Fgfr2 pathway plays a role in the modulation of synaptic plasticity induced by antidepressant treatment to promote therapeutic efficacy by rearranging connectivity in corticolimbic circuits impaired in depression.
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Peters T, Nüllig L, Antel J, Naaresh R, Laabs BH, Tegeler L, Amhaouach C, Libuda L, Hinney A, Hebebrand J. The Role of Genetic Variation of BMI, Body Composition, and Fat Distribution for Mental Traits and Disorders: A Look-Up and Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet 2020; 11:373. [PMID: 32373164 PMCID: PMC7186862 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropometric traits and mental disorders or traits are known to be associated clinically and to show genetic overlap. We aimed to identify genetic variants with relevance for mental disorders/traits and either (i) body mass index (or obesity), (ii) body composition, (and/or) (iii) body fat distribution. We performed a look-up analysis of 1,005 genome-wide significant SNPs for BMI, body composition, and body fat distribution in 15 mental disorders/traits. We identified 40 independent loci with one or more SNPs fulfilling our threshold significance criterion (P < 4.98 × 10–5) for the mental phenotypes. The majority of loci was associated with schizophrenia, educational attainment, and/or intelligence. Fewer associations were found for bipolar disorder, neuroticism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms, and well-being. Unique associations with measures of body fat distribution adjusted for BMI were identified at five loci only. To investigate the potential causality between body fat distribution and schizophrenia, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses. We found no causal effect of body fat distribution on schizophrenia and vice versa. In conclusion, we identified 40 loci which may contribute to genetic overlaps between mental disorders/traits and BMI and/or shape related phenotypes. The majority of loci identified for body composition overlapped with BMI loci, thus suggesting pleiotropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lena Nüllig
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Antel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Roaa Naaresh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Björn-Hergen Laabs
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lisa Tegeler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Chaima Amhaouach
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lars Libuda
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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20
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Marku A, Carrion MDP, Pischedda F, Marte A, Casiraghi Z, Marciani P, von Zweydorf F, Gloeckner CJ, Onofri F, Perego C, Piccoli G. The LRRK2 N-terminal domain influences vesicle trafficking: impact of the E193K variant. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3799. [PMID: 32123243 PMCID: PMC7052203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The LRRK2 protein consists of multiple functional domains, including protein-binding domains at its N and C-terminus. Mutations in the Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) have been linked to familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). We have recently described a novel variant falling within the N-terminal armadillo repeats, E193K. Herein, our aim is to investigate the functional impact of LRRK2 N-terminal domain and the E193K variant on vesicle trafficking. By combining Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and a synaptopHluorin assay, we found that expression of a construct lacking the N-terminal domain increases the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous synaptic events. Complementary biochemical approaches showed that the E193K variant alters the binding properties of LRRK2, decreases LRRK2 binding to synaptic vesicles, and promotes vesicle fusion. Our results confirm the physiological and pathological relevance of the nature of the LRRK2-associated macro-molecular complex solidifying the idea that different pathological mutations critically alter the scaffolding function of LRRK2 resulting in a perturbation of the vesicular trafficking as a common denominator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Algerta Marku
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Dolores Perez Carrion
- CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Italy & Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Trento, Italy.,Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Pischedda
- CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Italy & Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Trento, Italy
| | - Antonella Marte
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Zeila Casiraghi
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Marciani
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Christian Johannes Gloeckner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franco Onofri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Perego
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- CIBIO, Università degli Studi di Trento, Italy & Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Trento, Italy.
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21
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Noh K, Park JC, Han JS, Lee SJ. From Bound Cells Comes a Sound Mind: The Role of Neuronal Growth Regulator 1 in Psychiatric Disorders. Exp Neurobiol 2020; 29:1-10. [PMID: 32122104 PMCID: PMC7075657 DOI: 10.5607/en.2020.29.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell adhesion is important for maintenance of brain structure and function. Abnormal neuronal cell adhesion and loss of its connectivity are considered a main cause of psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Various cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are involved in neuronal cell adhesions and thereby affect brain functions such as learning and memory, cognitive functions, and psychiatric functions. Compared with other CAMs, neuronal growth regulator 1 (Negr1) has a distinct functioning mechanism in terms of its cross-talk with cytokine receptor signaling. Negr1 is a member of the immunoglobulin LON (IgLON) family of proteins and is involved in neuronal outgrowth, dendritic arborization, and synapse formation. In humans, Negr1 is a risk gene for obesity based on a genome-wide association study. More recently, accumulating evidence supports that it also plays a critical role in psychiatric disorders. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on the role of Negr1 in MDD, focusing on its regulatory mechanism. We also provide evidence of putative involvement of Negr1 in other psychiatric disorders based on the novel behavioral phenotypes of Negr1 knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungchul Noh
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung-Cheol Park
- Department of Biological Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Han
- Department of Biological Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 08826, Korea
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22
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Zhang Q, Liu C, Li Q, Li J, Wu Y, Liu J. MicroRNA-25-5p counteracts oxidized LDL-induced pathological changes by targeting neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) in human brain micro-vessel endothelial cells. Biochimie 2019; 165:141-149. [PMID: 31365884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-25-5p (miR-25-5p) may be involved in the pathogenesis and processes of vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-25-5p in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMECs) and the underlying mechanisms. RT-qPCR and/or Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of miR-25-5p and neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1). The effect of miR-25-5p overexpression and NEGR1 silencing on cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of HBMECs were measured by using CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression levels of apoptosis-related protein (cleaved caspase-3 and pro-caspase-3) were detected using Western blot, and the nitric oxide (NO) production was measured by a nitric oxide assay kit. The expression level of miR-25-5p was decreased in HBMECs treated with ox-LDL. Compared with the control group, miR-25-5p overexpression significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of HBMECs treated with ox-LDL (p < 0.01). Overexpression of miR-25-5p significantly suppressed cell apoptosis, ROS production and NO reduction of ox-LDL-induced HBMECs (p < 0.01). In addition, the target gene of miR-25-5p was predicted to be NEGR1 through Targetscan online analysis. The effect of NEGR1 silencing on cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, ROS and NO production of ox-LDL-induced HBMECs was similar to that of miR-25-5p overexpression. Furthermore, miR-25-5p overexpression and NEGR1 silencing significantly downregulated the protein expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3. Thus, miR-25-5p neutralizes the effects of ox-LDL on multiple functions of HBMECs through suppressing the expression of NEGR1 via regulating the JAK/STA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Blue Cross Brain Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 201101, China.
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Blue Cross Brain Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 201101, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jianan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yina Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai Affiliated to Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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23
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Szczurkowska J, Pischedda F, Pinto B, Managò F, Haas CA, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Papaleo F, Schäfer MK, Piccoli G, Cancedda L. NEGR1 and FGFR2 cooperatively regulate cortical development and core behaviours related to autism disorders in mice. Brain 2019; 141:2772-2794. [PMID: 30059965 PMCID: PMC6113639 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental conditions with diverse aetiologies, all characterized by common core symptoms such as impaired social skills and communication, as well as repetitive behaviour. Cell adhesion molecules, receptor tyrosine kinases and associated downstream signalling have been strongly implicated in both neurodevelopment and autism spectrum disorders. We found that downregulation of the cell adhesion molecule NEGR1 or the receptor tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) similarly affects neuronal migration and spine density during mouse cortical development in vivo and results in impaired core behaviours related to autism spectrum disorders. Mechanistically, NEGR1 physically interacts with FGFR2 and modulates FGFR2-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) signalling by decreasing FGFR2 degradation from the plasma membrane. Accordingly, FGFR2 overexpression rescues all defects due to Negr1 knockdown in vivo. Negr1 knockout mice present phenotypes similar to Negr1-downregulated animals. These data indicate that NEGR1 and FGFR2 cooperatively regulate cortical development and suggest a role for defective NEGR1-FGFR2 complex and convergent downstream ERK and AKT signalling in autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczurkowska
- Local Micro-environment and Brain Development Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Balbi, 5, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pischedda
- Laboratory of Biology of Synapse. Center for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Bruno Pinto
- Local Micro-environment and Brain Development Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy.,Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Managò
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carola A Haas
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maria Summa
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael K Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Laboratory of Biology of Synapse. Center for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Varese Street 16b - 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cancedda
- Local Micro-environment and Brain Development Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Varese Street 16b - 00185 Rome, Italy
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24
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Cross-Talk between Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors and Other Cell Surface Proteins. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050455. [PMID: 31091809 PMCID: PMC6562592 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) constitute signaling circuits that transmit signals across the plasma membrane, regulating pivotal cellular processes like differentiation, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. The malfunction of FGFs/FGFRs signaling axis is observed in numerous developmental and metabolic disorders, and in various tumors. The large diversity of FGFs/FGFRs functions is attributed to a great complexity in the regulation of FGFs/FGFRs-dependent signaling cascades. The function of FGFRs is modulated at several levels, including gene expression, alternative splicing, posttranslational modifications, and protein trafficking. One of the emerging ways to adjust FGFRs activity is through formation of complexes with other integral proteins of the cell membrane. These proteins may act as coreceptors, modulating binding of FGFs to FGFRs and defining specificity of elicited cellular response. FGFRs may interact with other cell surface receptors, like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) or receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The cross-talk between various receptors modulates the strength and specificity of intracellular signaling and cell fate. At the cell surface FGFRs can assemble into large complexes involving various cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). The interplay between FGFRs and CAMs affects cell–cell interaction and motility and is especially important for development of the central nervous system. This review summarizes current stage of knowledge about the regulation of FGFRs by the plasma membrane-embedded partner proteins and highlights the importance of FGFRs-containing membrane complexes in pathological conditions, including cancer.
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25
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Zhou X, Tao H, Cai Y, Cui L, Zhao B, Li K. Stage-dependent involvement of ADAM10 and its significance in epileptic seizures. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4494-4504. [PMID: 31087543 PMCID: PMC6584734 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of epileptic seizures in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has attracted an increasing amount of attention in recent years, and many cohort studies have found several risk factors associated with the genesis of seizures in AD. Among these factors, young age and severe dementia are seemingly contradictory and independent risk factors, indicating that the pathogenesis of epileptic seizures is, to a certain extent, stage‐dependent. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain‐containing protein 10 (ADAM10) is a crucial α‐secretase responsible for ectodomain shedding of its substrates; thus, the function of this protein depends on the biological effects of its substrates. Intriguingly, transgenic models have demonstrated ADAM10 to be associated with epilepsy. Based on the biological effects of its substrates, the potential pathogenic roles of ADAM10 in epileptic seizures can be classified into amyloidogenic processes in the ageing stage and cortical dysplasia in the developmental stage. Therefore, ADAM10 is reviewed here as a stage‐dependent modulator in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Current data regarding ADAM10 in epileptic seizures were collected and reviewed for potential pathogenic roles (ie amyloidogenic processes and cortical dysplasia) and regulatory mechanisms (ie transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation). These findings are then discussed in terms of the significance of the stage‐dependent functions of ADAM10 in epilepsy. Several potential targets for seizure control, such as candidate transcription factors and microRNAs that regulate ADAM10, as well as potential genetic screening tools for the early recognition of cortical dysplasia, have been suggested but must be studied in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua Tao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Keshen Li
- Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Stroke Center, Neurology & Neurosurgery Division, Clinical Medicine Research Institute & the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Singh K, Jayaram M, Kaare M, Leidmaa E, Jagomäe T, Heinla I, Hickey MA, Kaasik A, Schäfer MK, Innos J, Lilleväli K, Philips MA, Vasar E. Neural cell adhesion molecule Negr1 deficiency in mouse results in structural brain endophenotypes and behavioral deviations related to psychiatric disorders. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5457. [PMID: 30932003 PMCID: PMC6443666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) belongs to the immunoglobulin (IgLON) superfamily of cell adhesion molecules involved in cortical layering. Recent functional and genomic studies implicate the role of NEGR1 in a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, schizophrenia and autism. Here, we investigated the impact of Negr1 deficiency on brain morphology, neuronal properties and social behavior of mice. In situ hybridization shows Negr1 expression in the brain nuclei which are central modulators of cortical-subcortical connectivity such as the island of Calleja and the reticular nucleus of thalamus. Brain morphological analysis revealed neuroanatomical abnormalities in Negr1−/− mice, including enlargement of ventricles and decrease in the volume of the whole brain, corpus callosum, globus pallidus and hippocampus. Furthermore, decreased number of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons was evident in Negr1−/− hippocampi. Behaviorally, Negr1−/− mice displayed hyperactivity in social interactions and impairments in social hierarchy. Finally, Negr1 deficiency resulted in disrupted neurite sprouting during neuritogenesis. Our results provide evidence that NEGR1 is required for balancing the ratio of excitatory/inhibitory neurons and proper formation of brain structures, which is prerequisite for adaptive behavioral profiles. Therefore, Negr1−/− mice have a high potential to provide new insights into the neural mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyayani Singh
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia. .,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Mohan Jayaram
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maria Kaare
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Este Leidmaa
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str.25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Toomas Jagomäe
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Indrek Heinla
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050 Langnes, 9037, Tromso, Norway
| | - Miriam A Hickey
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Allen Kaasik
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michael K Schäfer
- Department for Anesthesiology, University Medical Center and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jürgen Innos
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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27
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Grove J, Ripke S, Als TD, Mattheisen M, Walters RK, Won H, Pallesen J, Agerbo E, Andreassen OA, Anney R, Awashti S, Belliveau R, Bettella F, Buxbaum JD, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Cerrato F, Chambert K, Christensen JH, Churchhouse C, Dellenvall K, Demontis D, De Rubeis S, Devlin B, Djurovic S, Dumont AL, Goldstein JI, Hansen CS, Hauberg ME, Hollegaard MV, Hope S, Howrigan DP, Huang H, Hultman CM, Klei L, Maller J, Martin J, Martin AR, Moran JL, Nyegaard M, Nærland T, Palmer DS, Palotie A, Pedersen CB, Pedersen MG, dPoterba T, Poulsen JB, Pourcain BS, Qvist P, Rehnström K, Reichenberg A, Reichert J, Robinson EB, Roeder K, Roussos P, Saemundsen E, Sandin S, Satterstrom FK, Davey Smith G, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Stevens CR, Sullivan PF, Turley P, Walters GB, Xu X, Stefansson K, Geschwind DH, Nordentoft M, Hougaard DM, Werge T, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Neale BM, Daly MJ, Børglum AD. Identification of common genetic risk variants for autism spectrum disorder. Nat Genet 2019; 51:431-444. [PMID: 30804558 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1174] [Impact Index Per Article: 234.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable and heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental phenotypes diagnosed in more than 1% of children. Common genetic variants contribute substantially to ASD susceptibility, but to date no individual variants have been robustly associated with ASD. With a marked sample-size increase from a unique Danish population resource, we report a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 18,381 individuals with ASD and 27,969 controls that identified five genome-wide-significant loci. Leveraging GWAS results from three phenotypes with significantly overlapping genetic architectures (schizophrenia, major depression, and educational attainment), we identified seven additional loci shared with other traits at equally strict significance levels. Dissecting the polygenic architecture, we found both quantitative and qualitative polygenic heterogeneity across ASD subtypes. These results highlight biological insights, particularly relating to neuronal function and corticogenesis, and establish that GWAS performed at scale will be much more productive in the near term in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Grove
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas D Als
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raymond K Walters
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hyejung Won
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonatan Pallesen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Agerbo
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard Anney
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Swapnil Awashti
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rich Belliveau
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Bækvad-Hansen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Felecia Cerrato
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Chambert
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jane H Christensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claire Churchhouse
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Karin Dellenvall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ditte Demontis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Silvia De Rubeis
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernie Devlin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ashley L Dumont
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline I Goldstein
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christine S Hansen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC SctHans, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Engel Hauberg
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mads V Hollegaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sigrun Hope
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurohabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel P Howrigan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christina M Hultman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lambertus Klei
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Julian Maller
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Genomics plc, Oxford, UK.,Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Abingdon, UK
| | - Joanna Martin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Moran
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mette Nyegaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Terje Nærland
- NORMENT-KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders and Disabilities, , Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Duncan S Palmer
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carsten Bøcker Pedersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marianne Giørtz Pedersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Timothy dPoterba
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jesper Buchhave Poulsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Per Qvist
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Reichert
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elise B Robinson
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Roeder
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Statistics and Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Sven Sandin
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Kyle Satterstrom
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Christine R Stevens
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patrick Turley
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - G Bragi Walters
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Center for Autism Research and Treatment and Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC SctHans, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Anders D Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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28
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Abstract
Proper neuronal wiring is central to all bodily functions, sensory perception, cognition, memory, and learning. Establishment of a functional neuronal circuit is a highly regulated and dynamic process involving axonal and dendritic branching and navigation toward appropriate targets and connection partners. This intricate circuitry includes axo-dendritic synapse formation, synaptic connections formed with effector cells, and extensive dendritic arborization that function to receive and transmit mechanical and chemical sensory inputs. Such complexity is primarily achieved by extensive axonal and dendritic branch formation and pruning. Fundamental to neuronal branching are cytoskeletal dynamics and plasma membrane expansion, both of which are regulated via numerous extracellular and intracellular signaling mechanisms and molecules. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding the biology of neuronal branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Menon
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie Gupton
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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29
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Whitton L, Apostolova G, Rieder D, Dechant G, Rea S, Donohoe G, Morris DW. Genes regulated by SATB2 during neurodevelopment contribute to schizophrenia and educational attainment. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007515. [PMID: 30040823 PMCID: PMC6097700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SATB2 is associated with schizophrenia and is an important transcription factor regulating neocortical organization and circuitry. Rare mutations in SATB2 cause a syndrome that includes developmental delay, and mouse studies identify an important role for SATB2 in learning and memory. Interacting partners BCL11B and GATAD2A are also schizophrenia risk genes indicating that other genes interacting with or are regulated by SATB2 are making a contribution to schizophrenia and cognition. We used data from Satb2 mouse models to generate three gene-sets that contain genes either functionally related to SATB2 or targeted by SATB2 at different stages of development. Each was tested for enrichment using the largest available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets for schizophrenia and educational attainment (EA) and enrichment analysis was also performed for schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders using data from rare variant sequencing studies. These SATB2 gene-sets were enriched for genes containing common variants associated with schizophrenia and EA, and were enriched for genes containing rare variants reported in studies of schizophrenia, autism and intellectual disability. In the developing cortex, genes targeted by SATB2 based on ChIP-seq data, and functionally affected when SATB2 is not expressed based on differential expression analysis using RNA-seq data, show strong enrichment for genes associated with EA. For genes expressed in the hippocampus or at the synapse, those targeted by SATB2 are more strongly enriched for genes associated EA than gene-sets not targeted by SATB2. This study demonstrates that single gene findings from GWAS can provide important insights to pathobiological processes. In this case we find evidence that genes influenced by SATB2 and involved in synaptic transmission, axon guidance and formation of the corpus callosum are contributing to schizophrenia and cognition. Schizophrenia is a complex disorder caused by many genes. Using new gene discoveries to understand pathobiology is a foundation for development of new treatments. Current drugs for schizophrenia are only partially effective and do not treat cognitive deficits, which are key factors for explaining disability, leading to unemployment, homelessness and social isolation. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia have been effective at identifying individual SNPs and genes that contribute to risk but have struggled to immediately uncover the bigger picture of the underlying biology of the disorder. Here we take an individual gene identified in a schizophrenia GWAS called SATB2, which on its own is a very important regulator of brain development. We use functional genomics data from mouse studies to identify sets of others genes that are influenced by SATB2 during development. We show that these gene sets are enriched for common variants associated with schizophrenia and educational attainment (used as a proxy for cognition), and for rare variants that increase risk of various neurodevelopmental disorders. This study provides evidence that the molecular mechanisms that underpin schizophrenia and cognitive function include disruption of biological processes influenced by SATB2 as the brain is being organized and wired during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Whitton
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG) Centre and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Galina Apostolova
- Institute for Neuroscience, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Rieder
- Institute for Neuroscience, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Dechant
- Institute for Neuroscience, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephen Rea
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG) Centre and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Derek W. Morris
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG) Centre and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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30
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Poplawski GHD, Lie R, Hunt M, Kumamaru H, Kawaguchi R, Lu P, Schäfer MKE, Woodruff G, Robinson J, Canete P, Dulin JN, Geoffroy CG, Menzel L, Zheng B, Coppola G, Tuszynski MH. Adult rat myelin enhances axonal outgrowth from neural stem cells. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:eaal2563. [PMID: 29794059 PMCID: PMC8377986 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aal2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Axon regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) is attenuated by growth inhibitory molecules associated with myelin. We report that rat myelin stimulated the growth of axons emerging from rat neural progenitor cells (NPCs) transplanted into sites of SCI in adult rat recipients. When plated on a myelin substrate, neurite outgrowth from rat NPCs and from human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) was enhanced threefold. In vivo, rat NPCs and human iPSC-derived NSCs extended greater numbers of axons through adult central nervous system white matter than through gray matter and preferentially associated with rat host myelin. Mechanistic investigations excluded Nogo receptor signaling as a mediator of stem cell-derived axon growth in response to myelin. Transcriptomic screens of rodent NPCs identified the cell adhesion molecule neuronal growth regulator 1 (Negr1) as one mediator of permissive axon-myelin interactions. The stimulatory effect of myelin-associated proteins on rodent NPCs was developmentally regulated and involved direct activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The stimulatory effects of myelin on NPC/NSC axon outgrowth should be investigated further and could potentially be exploited for neural repair after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar H D Poplawski
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Richard Lie
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Matt Hunt
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hiromi Kumamaru
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Paul Lu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Grace Woodruff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jacob Robinson
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Philip Canete
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jennifer N Dulin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Cedric G Geoffroy
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lutz Menzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Binhai Zheng
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark H Tuszynski
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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31
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Kubick N, Brösamle D, Mickael ME. Molecular Evolution and Functional Divergence of the IgLON Family. Evol Bioinform Online 2018; 14:1176934318775081. [PMID: 29844654 PMCID: PMC5967153 DOI: 10.1177/1176934318775081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IgLON family is a subgroup of cell adhesion molecules which is known to have diverse roles in neuronal development. IgLONs are characterized by possessing 3 Ig-like C2 domains, which play a part in mediating various cellular interactions. Recently, IgLONs have been shown to be expressed at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, our understanding of the genetic divergence patterns and evolutionary rates of these proteins in relation to their functions, in general, and at the BBB, in particular, remains inadequate. In this study, 12 species were explored to shed more light on the phylogenetic origins, structure, functional specificity, and divergence of this family. A total of 40 IgLON genes were identified from vertebrates and invertebrates. The absence of IgLON family genes in Hydra vulgaris and Nematostella vectensis but not in Drosophila melanogaster suggests that this family appeared during the time of divergence of Arthropoda 455 Mya. In general, IgLON genes have been subject to strong positive selection in vertebrates. Our study, based on IgLONs’ structural similarity, suggests that they may play a role in the evolutionary changes in the brain anatomy towards complexity including regulating neural growth and BBB permeability. IgLONs’ functions seem to be performed through complex interactions on the level of motifs as well as single residues. We identified several IgLON motifs that could be influencing cellular migration and proliferation as well as BBB integrity through interactions with SH3 or integrin. Our motif analysis also revealed that NEGR1 might be involved in MAPK pathway as a form of a signal transmitting receptor through its motif (KKVRVVVNF). We found several residues that were both positively selected and with highly functional specificity. We also located functional divergent residues that could act as drug targets to regulate BBB permeability. Furthermore, we identified several putative metalloproteinase cleavage sites that support the ectodomain shedding hypothesis of the IgLONs. In conclusion, our results present a bridge between IgLONs’ molecular evolution and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norwin Kubick
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Cell Biology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Desiree Brösamle
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michel-Edwar Mickael
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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32
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Pischedda F, Montani C, Obergasteiger J, Frapporti G, Corti C, Rosato Siri M, Volta M, Piccoli G. Cryopreservation of Primary Mouse Neurons: The Benefit of Neurostore Cryoprotective Medium. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:81. [PMID: 29623032 PMCID: PMC5874515 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary neuronal culture from rodents is a well-established model to investigate cellular neurobiology in vitro. However, for this purpose cell cultures need to be generated expressly, requiring extensive animal handling. Furthermore, often the preparation of fresh culture generates an excess of cells that are ultimately wasted. Therefore the ability to successfully cryopreserve primary neural cells would represent an important resource for neuroscience research and would allow to significantly reduce the sacrifice of animals. We describe here a novel freezing medium that allows long-term cryopreservation of primary mouse neurons prepared from E15.5 embryos. Combining imaging, biochemical and electrophysiological analyses, we found that cryopreserved cultures are viable and mature regarding morphology and functionality. These findings suggest that cryopreserved neurons are a valuable alternative to acutely dissociated neural cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caterina Montani
- CIBIO, Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Julia Obergasteiger
- Institute for Biomedicine, EURAC Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giulia Frapporti
- Institute for Biomedicine, EURAC Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Corrado Corti
- Institute for Biomedicine, EURAC Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marcelo Rosato Siri
- Institute for Biomedicine, EURAC Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Mattia Volta
- Institute for Biomedicine, EURAC Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- CIBIO, Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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33
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Singh K, Loreth D, Pöttker B, Hefti K, Innos J, Schwald K, Hengstler H, Menzel L, Sommer CJ, Radyushkin K, Kretz O, Philips MA, Haas CA, Frauenknecht K, Lilleväli K, Heimrich B, Vasar E, Schäfer MKE. Neuronal Growth and Behavioral Alterations in Mice Deficient for the Psychiatric Disease-Associated Negr1 Gene. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:30. [PMID: 29479305 PMCID: PMC5811522 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule subgroup IgLON, has been implicated in neuronal growth and connectivity. In addition, genetic variants in or near the NEGR1 locus have been associated with obesity and more recently with learning difficulties, intellectual disability and psychiatric disorders. However, experimental evidence is lacking to support a possible link between NEGR1, neuronal growth and behavioral abnormalities. Initial expression analysis of NEGR1 mRNA in C57Bl/6 wildtype (WT) mice by in situ hybridization demonstrated marked expression in the entorhinal cortex (EC) and dentate granule cells. In co-cultures of cortical neurons and NSC-34 cells overexpressing NEGR1, neurite growth of cortical neurons was enhanced and distal axons occupied an increased area of cells overexpressing NEGR1. Conversely, in organotypic slice co-cultures, Negr1-knockout (KO) hippocampus was less permissive for axons grown from EC of β-actin-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) mice compared to WT hippocampus. Neuroanatomical analysis revealed abnormalities of EC axons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of Negr1-KO mice including increased numbers of axonal projections to the hilus. Neurotransmitter receptor ligand binding densities, a proxy of functional neurotransmitter receptor abundance, did not show differences in the DG of Negr1-KO mice but altered ligand binding densities to NMDA receptor and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors M1 and M2 were found in CA1 and CA3. Activity behavior, anxiety-like behavior and sensorimotor gating were not different between genotypes. However, Negr1-KO mice exhibited impaired social behavior compared to WT littermates. Moreover, Negr1-KO mice showed reversal learning deficits in the Morris water maze and increased susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures. Thus, our results from neuronal growth assays, neuroanatomical analyses and behavioral assessments provide first evidence that deficiency of the psychiatric disease-associated Negr1 gene may affect neuronal growth and behavior. These findings might be relevant to further evaluate the role of NEGR1 in cognitive and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyayani Singh
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Desirée Loreth
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Pöttker
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kyra Hefti
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jürgen Innos
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kathrin Schwald
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heidi Hengstler
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Menzel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Clemens J Sommer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Konstantin Radyushkin
- Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Mouse Behavioral Unit, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Kretz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Carola A Haas
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Frauenknecht
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bernd Heimrich
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Karis K, Eskla KL, Kaare M, Täht K, Tuusov J, Visnapuu T, Innos J, Jayaram M, Timmusk T, Weickert CS, Väli M, Vasar E, Philips MA. Altered Expression Profile of IgLON Family of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex of Schizophrenic Patients. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:8. [PMID: 29434535 PMCID: PMC5797424 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural adhesion proteins are crucial in the development and maintenance of functional neural connectivity. Growing evidence suggests that the IgLON family of neural adhesion molecules LSAMP, NTM, NEGR1, and OPCML are important candidates in forming the susceptibility to schizophrenia (SCZ). IgLON proteins have been shown to be involved in neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity and neuronal connectivity, all of which have been shown to be altered in the brains of patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Here we optimized custom 5'-isoform-specific TaqMan gene-expression analysis for the transcripts of human IgLON genes to study the expression of IgLONs in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of schizophrenic patients (n = 36) and control subjects (n = 36). Uniform 5'-region and a single promoter was confirmed for the human NEGR1 gene by in silico analysis. IgLON5, a recently described family member, was also included in the study. We detected significantly elevated levels of the NEGR1 transcript (1.33-fold increase) and the NTM 1b isoform transcript (1.47-fold increase) in the DLPFC of schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls. Consequent protein analysis performed in male subjects confirmed the increase in NEGR1 protein content both in patients with the paranoid subtype and in patients with other subtypes. In-group analysis of patients revealed that lower expression of certain IgLON transcripts, mostly LSAMP 1a and 1b, could be related with concurrent depressive endophenotype in schizophrenic patients. Additionally, our study cohort provides further evidence that cannabis use may be a relevant risk factor associated with suicidal behaviors in psychotic patients. In conclusion, we provide clinical evidence of increased expression levels of particular IgLON family members in the DLPFC of schizophrenic patients. We propose that alterations in the expression profile of IgLON neural adhesion molecules are associated with brain circuit disorganization in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. In the light of previously published data, we suggest that increased level of NEGR1 in the frontal cortex may serve as molecular marker for a wider spectrum of psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Karis
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kattri-Liis Eskla
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maria Kaare
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karin Täht
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jana Tuusov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Estonian Forensic Science Institute, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tanel Visnapuu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Innos
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohan Jayaram
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Cynthia S Weickert
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Marika Väli
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Estonian Forensic Science Institute, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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35
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Tan RPA, Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Immunoglobulin Superfamily Cell Adhesion Molecules and Their Role in Neuronal Development and Synapse Regulation. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:378. [PMID: 29249937 PMCID: PMC5715320 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are cell surface glycoproteins that not only mediate interactions between neurons but also between neurons and other cells in the nervous system. While typical IgSF CAMs are transmembrane molecules, this superfamily also includes CAMs, which do not possess transmembrane and intracellular domains and are instead attached to the plasma membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. In this review, we focus on the role GPI-anchored IgSF CAMs have as signal transducers and ligands in neurons, and discuss their functions in regulation of neuronal development, synapse formation, synaptic plasticity, learning, and behavior. We also review the links between GPI-anchored IgSF CAMs and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui P A Tan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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36
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Ectodomain shedding of Limbic System-Associated Membrane Protein (LSAMP) by ADAM Metallopeptidases promotes neurite outgrowth in DRG neurons. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7961. [PMID: 28801670 PMCID: PMC5554145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IgLONs are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion proteins implicated in the process of neuronal outgrowth, cell adhesion and subdomain target recognition. IgLONs form homophilic and heterophilic complexes on the cell surface that repress or promote growth depending on the neuronal population, the developmental stage and surface repertoire of IgLON family members. In the present study, we identified a metalloproteinase-dependent mechanism necessary to promote growth in embryonic dorsal root ganglion cells (DRGs). Treatment of embryonic DRG neurons with pan-metalloproteinase inhibitors, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3, or an inhibitor of ADAM Metallopeptidase Domain 10 (ADAM10) reduces outgrowth from DRG neurons indicating that metalloproteinase activity is important for outgrowth. The IgLON family members Neurotrimin (NTM) and Limbic System-Associated Membrane Protein (LSAMP) were identified as ADAM10 substrates that are shed from the cell surface of DRG neurons. Overexpression of LSAMP and NTM suppresses outgrowth from DRG neurons. Furthermore, LSAMP loss of function decreases the outgrowth sensitivity to an ADAM10 inhibitor. Together our findings support a role for ADAM-dependent shedding of cell surface LSAMP in promoting outgrowth from DRG neurons.
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37
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Meng T, Cao Q, Lei P, Bush AI, Xiang Q, Su Z, He X, Rogers JT, Chiu IM, Zhang Q, Huang Y. Tat-haFGF 14-154 Upregulates ADAM10 to Attenuate the Alzheimer Phenotype of APP/PS1 Mice through the PI3K-CREB-IRE1α/XBP1 Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017. [PMID: 28624220 PMCID: PMC5443968 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Acid fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) has shown neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) models in previous studies, yet its mechanism is still uncertain. Here we report that the efficacy of Tat-haFGF14–154 is markedly increased when loaded cationic liposomes for intranasal delivery are intranasally administered to APP/PS1 mice. Our results demonstrated that liposomal Tat-haFGF14–154 treatment significantly ameliorated behavioral deficits, relieved brain Aβ burden, and increased the expression and activity of disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) in the brain. Tat-haFGF14–154 antagonized Aβ1–42-induced cell death and structural damage in rat primary neurons in an ADAM10-dependent manner, which, in turn, was promoted by the activation of XBP1 splicing and modulated by the PI3K-CREB pathway. Both knockdown of ADAM10 and inhibition of PI3K (LY294002) negated Tat-haFGF14–154 rescue. Thus, Tat-haFGF14–154 activates the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response (UPR) against the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by Aβ, and, subsequently, the nuclear translocation of spliced XBP1 (XBP1s) promotes transcription of ADAM10. These results highlight the important role of ADAM10 and its activation through the PI3K-CREB-IRE1α/XBP1 pathway as a key factor in the mechanism of neuroprotection for Tat-haFGF14–154.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qin Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Oxidation Biology Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Oxidation Biology Unit, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Qi Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Cell Biology Department and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhijian Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Cell Biology Department and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiang He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jack T Rogers
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ing-Ming Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Qihao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Cell Biology Department and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yadong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Cell Biology Department and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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