1
|
Ren Y, Ma Q, Zeng X, Huang C, Tan S, Fu X, Zheng C, You F, Li X. Saliva‑microbiome‑derived signatures: expected to become a potential biomarker for pulmonary nodules (MCEPN-1). BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:132. [PMID: 38643115 PMCID: PMC11031921 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral microbiota imbalance is associated with the progression of various lung diseases, including lung cancer. Pulmonary nodules (PNs) are often considered a critical stage for the early detection of lung cancer; however, the relationship between oral microbiota and PNs remains unknown. METHODS We conducted a 'Microbiome with pulmonary nodule series study 1' (MCEPN-1) where we compared PN patients and healthy controls (HCs), aiming to identify differences in oral microbiota characteristics and discover potential microbiota biomarkers for non-invasive, radiation-free PNs diagnosis and warning in the future. We performed 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing on saliva samples from 173 PN patients and 40 HCs to compare the characteristics and functional changes in oral microbiota between the two groups. The random forest algorithm was used to identify PN salivary microbial markers. Biological functions and potential mechanisms of differential genes in saliva samples were preliminarily explored using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG) analyses. RESULTS The diversity of salivary microorganisms was higher in the PN group than in the HC group. Significant differences were noted in community composition and abundance of oral microorganisms between the two groups. Neisseria, Prevotella, Haemophilus and Actinomyces, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, 7M7x, Granulicatella and Selenomonas were the main differential genera between the PN and HC groups. Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus and Haemophilus constituted the optimal marker sets (area under curve, AUC = 0.80), which can distinguish between patients with PNs and HCs. Further, the salivary microbiota composition was significantly correlated with age, sex, and smoking history (P < 0.001), but not with personal history of cancer (P > 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis of differential genes showed that patients with PN showed significant enrichment in protein/molecular functions related to immune deficiency and energy metabolisms, such as the cytoskeleton protein RodZ, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenase (NADPH) dehydrogenase, major facilitator superfamily transporters and AraC family transcription regulators. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first evidence that the salivary microbiota can serve as potential biomarkers for identifying PN. We observed a significant association between changes in the oral microbiota and PNs, indicating the potential of salivary microbiota as a new non-invasive biomarker for PNs. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2200062140; Date of registration: 07/25/2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Ren
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
| | - Xiao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
| | - Shiyan Tan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
| | - Xi Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China
| | - Fengming You
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China.
| | - Xueke Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bano Y, Shrivastava A, Shukla P, Chaudhary AA, Khan SUD, Khan S. The implication of microbiome in lungs cancer: mechanisms and strategies of cancer growth, diagnosis and therapy. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38556797 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2324864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Available evidence illustrates that microbiome is a promising target for the study of growth, diagnosis and therapy of various types of cancer. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The relationship of microbiota and their products with diverse pathologic conditions has been getting large attention. The novel research suggests that the microbiome plays an important role in the growth and progression of lung cancer. The lung microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining mucosal immunity and synchronizing the stability between tolerance and inflammation. Alteration in microbiome is identified as a critical player in the progression of lung cancer and negatively impacts the patient. Studies suggest that healthy microbiome is essential for effective therapy. Various clinical trials and research are focusing on enhancing the treatment efficacy by altering the microbiome. The regulation of microbiota will provide innovative and promising treatment strategies for the maintenance of host homeostasis and the prevention of lung cancer in lung cancer patients. In the current review article, we presented the latest progress about the involvement of microbiome in the growth and diagnosis of lung cancer. Furthermore, we also assessed the therapeutic status of the microbiome for the management and treatment of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Bano
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Cancer Hospital and research Institute, Gwalior, India
- Centre for Genomics, Molecular and Human Genetics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Abhinav Shrivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Cancer Hospital and research Institute, Gwalior, India
| | - Piyush Shukla
- Centre for Genomics, Molecular and Human Genetics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Rural Technology and Social Development, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, India
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah-Ud-Din Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Indian Institute of Health Technology (IIHT), Deoband, Saharanpur, UP, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taherkhani H, KavianFar A, Aminnezhad S, Lanjanian H, Ahmadi A, Azimzadeh S, Masoudi-Nejad A. Deciphering the impact of microbial interactions on COPD exacerbation: An in-depth analysis of the lung microbiome. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24775. [PMID: 38370212 PMCID: PMC10869780 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In microbiome studies, the diversity and types of microbes have been extensively explored; however, the significance of microbial ecology is equally paramount. The comprehension of metabolic interactions among the wide array of microorganisms in the lung microbiota is indispensable for understanding chronic pulmonary disease and for the development of potent treatments. In this investigation, metabolic networks were simulated, and ecological theory was employed to assess the diagnosis of COPD, subsequently suggesting innovative treatment strategies for COPD exacerbation. Lung sputum 16S rRNA paired-end data from 112 COPD patients were utilized, and a supervised machine-learning algorithm was applied to identify taxa associated with sex and mortality. Subsequently, an OTU table with Greengenes 99 % dataset was generated. Finally, the interactions between bacterial species were analyzed using a simulated metabolic network. A total of 1781 OTUs and 1740 bacteria at the genus level were identified. We employed an additional dataset to validate our analyses. Notably, among the more abundant genera, Pseudomonas was detected in females, while Lactobacillus was detected in males. Additionally, a decrease in bacterial diversity was observed during COPD exacerbation, and mortality was associated with the high abundance of the Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas genera. Moreover, an increase in Proteobacteria abundance was observed during COPD exacerbations. In contrast, COPD patients exhibited decreased levels of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Significant connections between microbial ecology and bacterial diversity in COPD patients were discovered, highlighting the critical role of microbial ecology in the understanding of COPD. Through the simulation of metabolic interactions among bacteria, the observed dysbiosis in COPD was elucidated. Furthermore, the prominence of anaerobic bacteria in COPD patients was revealed to be influenced by parasitic relationships. These findings have the potential to contribute to improved clinical management strategies for COPD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Taherkhani
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Department of Bioinformatics, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish Island, Iran
| | - Azadeh KavianFar
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Department of Bioinformatics, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish Island, Iran
| | - Sargol Aminnezhad
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Lanjanian
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Masoudi-Nejad
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Department of Bioinformatics, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish Island, Iran
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cauwenberghs E, Oerlemans E, Wittouck S, Allonsius CN, Gehrmann T, Ahannach S, De Boeck I, Spacova I, Bron PA, Donders G, Verhoeven V, Lebeer S. Salivary microbiome of healthy women of reproductive age. mBio 2023; 14:e0030023. [PMID: 37655878 PMCID: PMC10653790 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00300-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The salivary microbiome has been proven to play a crucial role in local and systemic diseases. Moreover, the effects of biological and lifestyle factors such as oral hygiene and smoking on this microbial community have already been explored. However, what was not yet well understood was the natural variation of the saliva microbiome in healthy women and how this is associated with specific use of hormonal contraception and with the number of different sexual partners with whom microbiome exchange is expected regularly. In this paper, we characterized the salivary microbiome of 255 healthy women of reproductive age using an in-depth questionnaire and self-sampling kits. Using the large metadata set, we were able to investigate the associations of several host-related and lifestyle variables with the salivary microbiome profiles. Our study shows a high preservation between individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Cauwenberghs
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline Oerlemans
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wittouck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille Nina Allonsius
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thies Gehrmann
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Ahannach
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ilke De Boeck
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Irina Spacova
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter A. Bron
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gilbert Donders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
- Regional Hospital Heilig Hart, Tienen, Belgium
- Femicare, Clinical Research for Women, Tienen, Belgium
| | - Veronique Verhoeven
- Department of Family medicine and population health (FAMPOP), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lan Z, Liu WJ, Cui H, Zou KL, Chen H, Zhao YY, Yu GT. The role of oral microbiota in cancer. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1253025. [PMID: 37954233 PMCID: PMC10634615 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1253025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant global challenge, with an estimated 47% increase in cancer patients from 2020 to 2040. Increasing research has identified microorganism as a risk factor for cancer development. The oral cavity, second only to the colon, harbors more than 700 bacterial species and serves as a crucial microbial habitat. Although numerous epidemiological studies have reported associations between oral microorganisms and major systemic tumors, the relationship between oral microorganisms and cancers remains largely unclear. Current research primarily focuses on respiratory and digestive system tumors due to their anatomical proximity to the oral cavity. The relevant mechanism research mainly involves 47% dominant oral microbial population that can be cultured in vitro. However, further exploration is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the association between oral microbiota and tumors. This review systematically summarizes the reported correlations between oral microbiota and common cancers while also outlining potential mechanisms that may guide biological tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Lan
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jia Liu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Long Zou
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Yue Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Tao Yu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Czarnecka-Chrebelska KH, Kordiak J, Brzeziańska-Lasota E, Pastuszak-Lewandoska D. Respiratory Tract Oncobiome in Lung Carcinogenesis: Where Are We Now? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4935. [PMID: 37894302 PMCID: PMC10605430 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of microbiota in developing and treating diseases, including lung cancer (LC), is becoming increasingly recognized. Studies have shown differences in microorganism populations in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of patients with lung cancer compared to healthy individuals, indicating a link between dysbiosis and lung cancer. However, it is not only important to identify "which bacteria are present" but also to understand "how" they affect lung carcinogenesis. The interactions between the host and lung microbiota are complex, and our knowledge of this relationship is limited. This review presents research findings on the bacterial lung microbiota and discusses the mechanisms by which lung-dwelling microorganisms may directly or indirectly contribute to the development of lung cancer. These mechanisms include influences on the host immune system regulation and the local immune microenvironment, the regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways in epithelial cells (causing cell cycle disorders, mutagenesis, and DNA damage), and lastly, the MAMPs-mediated path involving the effects of bacteriocins, TLRs signaling induction, and TNF release. A better understanding of lung microbiota's role in lung tumor pathology could lead to identifying new diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers and developing personalized therapeutic management for lung cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacek Kordiak
- Department of Thoracic, General and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Pastuszak-Lewandoska
- Department of Microbiology and Laboratory Medical Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang XL, Xu HW, Liu NN. Oral Microbiota: A New Insight into Cancer Progression, Diagnosis and Treatment. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:535-547. [PMID: 37881320 PMCID: PMC10593652 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-023-00124-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The polymorphic microbiome has been defined as one of the "Hallmarks of Cancer". Extensive studies have now uncovered the role of oral microbiota in cancer development and progression. Bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses in the oral cavity interact dynamically with the oral microenvironment to maintain the oral micro-ecological homeostasis. This complex interaction is influenced by many factors, such as maternal transmission, personal factors and environmental factors. Dysbiosis of oral microbiota can disturbed this host-microbiota interaction, leading to systemic diseases. Numerous studies have shown the potential associations between oral microbiota and a variety of cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic insights are still poorly understood. In this review, we mainly focus on the following aspects: (1) the factors affect oral microbiota composition and function; (2) the interaction between microenvironment and oral microbiota; (3) the role of multi-kingdom oral microbiota in human health; (4) the potential underlying mechanisms and therapeutic benefits of oral microbiota against cancer. Finally, we aim to describe the impact of oral microbiota on cancer progression and provide novel therapeutic insights into cancer prevention and treatment by targeting oral microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Hua-Wen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Ning-Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025 China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma Q, Li X, Jiang H, Fu X, You L, You F, Ren Y. Mechanisms underlying the effects, and clinical applications, of oral microbiota in lung cancer: current challenges and prospects. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37694585 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2247493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The oral cavity contains a site-specific microbiota that interacts with host cells to regulate many physiological processes in the human body. Emerging evidence has suggested that changes in the oral microbiota can increase the risk of lung cancer (LC), and the oral microbiota is also altered in patients with LC. Human and animal studies have shown that oral microecological disorders and/or specific oral bacteria may play an active role in the occurrence and development of LC through direct and/or indirect mechanisms. These studies support the potential of oral microbiota in the clinical treatment of LC. Oral microbiota may therefore be used in the prevention and treatment of LC and to improve the side effects of anticancer therapy by regulating the balance of the oral microbiome. Specific oral microbiota in LC may also be used as screening or predictive biomarkers. This review summarizes the main findings in research on oral microbiome-related LC and discusses current challenges and future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xueke Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xi Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Liting You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Fengming You
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Ren
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang K, He C, Qiu Y, Li X, Hu J, Fu B. ASSOCIATION OF ORAL MICROBIOTA AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE WITH LUNG CANCER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2023; 23:101897. [PMID: 37689446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2023.101897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence of oral microbiota perturbations has been accumulated for lung cancers. This review focused on the oral microbiota alterations in population suffering from lung cancer. In addition, we also discussed conflicting data about the association between oral microbiota dysbiosis and risk of lung cancer. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases. The studies evaluated diversity and abundance of oral microbes in healthy and lung cancer individuals as well as association of periodontal disease and pathogens with lung cancer. Of 3559 studies, 28 included studies were performed in qualitative analysis, and 25 studies were used in meta-analyses for quantitative assessment. Heterogeneity was analyzed by using I² and chi-squared Q test statistics. Statistical analyses were performed by using the RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS Compared with the control, lung cancer patients had lower alpha diversity (Shannon: SMD = -0.54; 95% CI, -0.90 to -0.19; P < .01, I2 = 71%). In nested case-control studies, individuals with decreased alpha diversity tended to have an increased risk of lung cancer (observed species: HR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85-0.96; P < .01, I2 = 0%; Shannon: HR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.95; P < .01, I2 = 0%). Overall, no strong evidence of association of relative abundance with specific oral microbes with lung cancers was found because of inconsistent data. No associations were found between periodontal pathogens and lung cancer risk (red complex: HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.42-3.02, P = .82, I2 = 62%; orange complex: HR =1.77, 95% CI: 0.78-3.98, P = .17, I2 = 36%), expect for Fusobacterium nucleatum (HR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.13-4.58, P = .02, I2 = 0%). The positive association of periodontal disease with lung cancer risk was found (HR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.25-2.00, P < .001, I2= 0%) with increase of periodontal diseases severity (HR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.57-3.66, P < .001, I2 = 0%). However, such association was not found in never-smoker participants (HR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.76-1.31, P = .37, I2= 7%). CONCLUSIONS Lower alpha diversity of oral microbiome may be associated with a greater risk of lung cancer and might serve as a predictive signal of lung cancer risk. There was no strong evidence of relative abundance of oral microbial taxa and periodontal pathogens in lung cancer patients. Fusobacterium nucleatum might be a potential microbial candidate of biomarkers in lung cancer. Periodontal disease may be positively associated with lung cancer risk by confounding of smoking, but not an independent risk factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiuyang Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Center for Clinical Big Data and Statistics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baiping Fu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pindling S, Klugman M, Lan Q, Hosgood HD. Narrative review: respiratory tract microbiome and never smoking lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:4522-4529. [PMID: 37691669 PMCID: PMC10482636 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective The lung microbiome was previously thought to be a sterile environment where only gaseous exchange takes place, but recent studies have shown the presence of microbiota in the lung. This review investigates the current literature on the effects of an environmental driven dysbiosis on the healthy oral and respiratory microbiome and its relationship to lung cancer risk in never-smokers. Methods An online electronic search was performed on PubMed of all English-language literature using combinations of the following keywords: "lung cancer", "dysbiosis", "non-smokers", "oral microbiome", and "respiratory microbiome". All population-based studies reporting results on oral and/or respiratory microbiome in adults were considered for our narrative review. Key Content and Findings Metagenomic analyses have been performed on isolated samples from healthy participants and compared to samples from those with lung cancer. Research shows that a decrease in alpha diversity of microbes in the oral microbiome is associated with increased risk of lung cancer, along with differences in beta diversity in the sputum of lung cancer cases and healthy controls. Further, several studies have observed that significant changes in the abundance of genera such as increased abundance of Lactobacillales, Bacilli, and Firmicutes associated with an increased lung cancer risk among participants with exposure to certain household solid fuels. Conclusions These findings suggest potential carcinogenic processes such as increased inflammation associated with changes in flora. Additionally, studies showed that increase in certain taxa such as Bacteroides and Spirochetes might have a protective effect on lung cancer risk. The review also provides insight into how understanding the microbial changes can be beneficial for lung cancer treatment and disease-free survival. Larger studies in different populations need to be performed to strengthen the current associations between microbial diversity and lung cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Pindling
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Madelyn Klugman
- New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H. Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou Y, Zeng H, Liu K, Pan H, Wang B, Zhu M, Wang J, Wang H, Chen H, Shen D, Wang Y, Yu Z. Microbiota profiles in the saliva, cancerous tissues and its companion paracancerous tissues among Chinese patients with lung cancer. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:237. [PMID: 37641037 PMCID: PMC10464170 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the growing interest in the impact of the gut microbiome on cancer, the relationship between the lung microbiome and lung cancer has received limited investigation. Additionally, the composition of the oral microbiome was found to differ from that of individuals with lung cancer, indicating that these microorganisms may serve as potential biomarkers for the detection of lung cancer. METHODS Forty-three Chinese lung cancer patients were enrolled in the current retrospective study and 16 S rRNA sequencing was performed on saliva, cancerous tissue (CT) and paracancerous tissue (PT) samples. RESULTS Diversity and species richness were significantly different between the oral and lung microbiota. Lung microbiota were largely composed of the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. The relative abundance of Promicromonosporacea and Chloroflexi increased in CT, while Enterococcaceae and Enterococcus were enriched in PT (p<0.05). A cancer-related microbiota model was constructed and produced an area under the curve of 0.74 in the training set, indicating discrimination between subjects with and without cancer. CONCLUSIONS Characterization of microbiota in saliva, CT and PT from Chinese lung cancer patients revealed little difference between CT and PT, indicating that the tumor and its microenvironment might influence the local microbiome. A model to distinguish between CT and PT was constructed, which has the potential to enhance our comprehension of the involvement of microbiota in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and identify novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongfen Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Hui Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Baohui Wang
- Zhejiang hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Youdian Road 54, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minghua Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310030, China.
| | - Zhaonan Yu
- Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu S, Cheng L, Pennhag AAL, Seifert M, Guðnadóttir U, Engstrand L, Mints M, Andersson S, Du J. The salivary microbiota is altered in cervical dysplasia patients and influenced by conization. IMETA 2023; 2:e108. [PMID: 38867925 PMCID: PMC10989756 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
This study supports the correlation between the salivary microbiota and cervical dysplasia and suggests that smoking influences the salivary microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengru Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome ResearchKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome ResearchKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Alexandra A. L. Pennhag
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome ResearchKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Maike Seifert
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome ResearchKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Unnur Guðnadóttir
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome ResearchKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome ResearchKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Science for Life LaboratoryKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Miriam Mints
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Sonia Andersson
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Centre for Translational Microbiome ResearchKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bruno JS, Fregnani ER. Oral microbiome as a new research-target for supportive care and precision oncology. Curr Opin Oncol 2023; 35:276-281. [PMID: 37222190 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A growing number of studies demonstrate the oral bacterial shift in cancer patients and the enrichment of oral bacteria in distant tumours. During the oncological treatment, opportunistic oral bacteria correlate with oral toxicities. This review focused on the most recent studies to identify which genera are the most mentioned and deserved further investigation. RECENT FINDINGS This review evaluated bacterial changes in patients with head and neck, colorectal, lung and breast cancer. Greater composition of disease-related genera (e.g., Fusobacterium , Porphyromonas , Lactobacillus , Streptococcus , and Parvimonas ) are present in the oral cavity of these groups of patients. The tumour specimen characterisation of head and neck, pancreatic and colorectal cancer also describes the presence of oral taxa. No evidence indicates that commensal oral bacteria have protective roles in distant tumours. Regardless, oral care is critical to prevent the growth of oral pathogens and reduce infection foci. SUMMARY Recent evidence suggests that oral microbiota is a potential biomarker for oncological clinical outcomes and oral toxicities. Currently, the literature presents a remarkable methodological variety - from the sample collection site to the preference of the data analysis tools. For the oral microbiome to achieve the stage of being used as a clinical tool in the oncological context, more studies are necessary.
Collapse
|
14
|
Reuss JM, Alonso-Gamo L, Garcia-Aranda M, Reuss D, Albi M, Albi B, Vilaboa D, Vilaboa B. Oral Mucosa in Cancer Patients-Putting the Pieces Together: A Narrative Review and New Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3295. [PMID: 37444405 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa is a key player in cancer patients and during cancer treatment. The increasing prevalence of cancer and cancer-therapy-associated side effects are behind the major role that oral mucosa plays in oncological patients. Oral mucositis is a debilitating severe complication caused by the early toxicity of chemo and/or radiotherapy that can restrict treatment outcome possibilities, even challenging a patient's survival. It has been referred to as the most feared cancer treatment complication. Predictive variables as to who will be affected, and to what extent, are still unclear. Additionally, oral mucositis is one of the sources of the increasing economic burden of cancer, not only for patients and their families but also for institutions and governments. All efforts should be implemented in the search for new approaches to minimize the apparently ineluctable outburst of oral mucositis during cancer treatment. New perspectives derived from different approaches to explaining the interrelation between oral mucositis and the oral microbiome or the similarities with genitourinary mucosa may help elucidate the biomolecular pathways and mechanisms behind oral mucosa cancer-therapy-related toxicity, and what is more important is its management in order to minimize treatment side effects and provide enhanced cancer support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Reuss
- Department of Postgraduate Prosthodontics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Alonso-Gamo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Infanta Cristina, 28981 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariola Garcia-Aranda
- Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Department of Oncologic Radiotherapy, Hospital Universitario Sanchinarro, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - Debora Reuss
- Lecturer Dental School, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Albi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Quironsalud Group Public Hospitals, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Albi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Debora Vilaboa
- Aesthetic Dentistry Department, Universidad San Pablo CEU, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sun Y, Liu Y, Li J, Tan Y, An T, Zhuo M, Pan Z, Ma M, Jia B, Zhang H, Wang Z, Yang R, Bi Y. Characterization of Lung and Oral Microbiomes in Lung Cancer Patients Using Culturomics and 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0031423. [PMID: 37092999 PMCID: PMC10269771 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00314-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, microbiota dysbiosis in lung cancer has attracted immense attention. Studies on lung microbes are mostly based on sequencing, which has left the potentially functional bacteria with extremely low abundance uncovered. In this study, we characterized and compared the lung and oral cavity microbiotas using culturomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Of the 198 bacteria identified at the species level from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, Firmicutes was predominant (39.90%). Twenty bacterial species isolated from BALF samples were present in at least half of the patients and were also highly abundant in oral samples. Of all isolated strains, Streptococcus and Veillonella were highly dominant. The abundance of Prevotella and Veillonella decreased from the oral cavity to the lung, whereas that of Pseudomonas increased. Linear discriminant analysis effect size demonstrated that Prevotella was more abundant in the healthy samples than in the cancerous ones, which is in accordance with the isolation of Prevotella oralis only from the healthy group using culturomics. Moreover, Gemella sanguinis and Streptococcus intermedius were isolated only from the non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) group, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that they were higher in the NSCLC than in the small-cell lung cancer group. Furthermore, while Bacillus and Castellaniella were enriched in lung adenocarcinoma, Brucella was enriched in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Overall, alterations were observed in the microbial community of patients with lung cancer, whose diversity might be site and pathology dependent. Using culturomics and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, this study has provided insights into pulmonary and oral microbiota alterations in patients with lung cancer. IMPORTANCE The relationship between lung microbiota and cancer has been explored based on DNA sequencing; however, culture-dependent approaches are indispensable for further studies on the lung microbiota. In this study, we applied a comprehensive approach combining culturomics and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to detect members of the microbiotas in saliva and BALF samples from patients with unilateral lobar masses. We found alterations in the microbial community of patients with lung cancer, whose diversity might be site and pathology dependent. These features may be potential bacterial biomarkers and new targets for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. In addition, a lung and oral microbial biobank from lung cancer patients was established, which represents a useful resource for studies of host-microbe interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjie Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yafang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong An
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Minglei Zhuo
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Menglei Ma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziping Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Karvela A, Veloudiou OZ, Karachaliou A, Kloukina T, Gomatou G, Kotteas E. Lung microbiome: an emerging player in lung cancer pathogenesis and progression. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03139-z. [PMID: 36995519 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome of the lungs, although until recently neglected, is now emerging as a potential contributor to chronic lung diseases, including cancer. Preclinical evidence suggests that the microbial burden of the lungs shapes the host immunity mechanisms and affects local antitumor immune responses. Studies of cohorts of patients with lung cancer reveal that different microbiome profiles are detected in patients with lung cancer compared to controls. In addition, an association between differential lung microbiome composition and distinct responses to immunotherapy has been suggested, yet, with limited data. Scarce evidence exists on the role of the lung microbiome in the development of metastases in the lungs. Interestingly, the lung microbiome is not isolated and interacts with the gut microbiome through a dynamic axis. Future research on the involvement of the lung microbiome in lung cancer pathogenesis and potential therapeutic implications is greatly anticipated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Karvela
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Orsalia-Zoi Veloudiou
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Karachaliou
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Theoni Kloukina
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Gomatou
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elias Kotteas
- Oncology Unit, Third Department of Medicine, "Sotiria" General Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Messogion Ave 152, 11527, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li X, Zhao C, Li C, Zhang M, Xie Y, Feng F, Yao W, Wang N. Detection and analysis of lung microbiota in mice with lung cancer lacking the NLRP3 gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 639:117-125. [PMID: 36481355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To explore whether the lung microbiota have changed in the process of NLRP3 inflammasome promoting cancer, we constructed a murine lung cancer model using tracheal instillation of benzo(a)pyrene and an equal volume of tricaprylin, and characterized lung microbiota in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 24 SPF wild-type and NLRP3 gene knockout (NLRP3-/-) C57BL/6 mice. 16SrDNA sequencing was used to analyze the changes in the microbiota. The wild-type and the NLRP3-/- lung cancer group had statistically significant differences in tumor formation rate, tumor number, and tumor size. At the phylum and the genus level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Sphingomonas were the highest in each group respectively. Simpson (P = 0.002) and Shannon (P = 0.008) indexes showed that the diversity of microbiota in the lung cancer group was lower than that in the control group under the NLRP3-/- background. According to the ANOSIM and MRPP analysis, there was a difference between the NLRP3-/- lung cancer group and the NLRP3-/- control group (P < 0.05). The knockout of the NLRP3 gene caused changes in the lung microbiota of mice. There may be a regulatory relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome and the lung microbiota, which affects the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Congcong Zhao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chao Li
- President's Office, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuanchen Xie
- Henan Red Cross Blood Center, Zhengzhou, 450053, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wu Yao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Na Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cai J, Su W, Chen X, Zheng H. Advances in the study of selenium and human intestinal bacteria. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1059358. [PMID: 36590222 PMCID: PMC9794586 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1059358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and has conveyed great a wide range of interests due to its contribution to health. Presently, the regulatory mechanisms of selenium on human health, especially the regulatory mechanisms of selenium on human intestinal (gut) microflora and its effects on diseases are receiving attention from academic circles. This review involves the effects of selenium on physical health, the relationship between selenium and intestinal microflora, and the progress of research between selenium, intestinal microflora, and diseases. Furthermore, the current status of research on the selenium, intestinal microflora, and diseases is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Cai
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Weizhu Su
- Dental Department, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianxian Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - Heng Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Heng Zheng
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang J, Huang J. Microbial Biomarkers for Lung Cancer: Current Understandings and Limitations. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247298. [PMID: 36555915 PMCID: PMC9782454 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As our "hidden organ", microbes widely co-exist at various sites on the human body. These microbes are collectively referred to as the microbiome. A considerable number of studies have already proven that the microbiome has significant impacts on human health and disease progression, including cancers. The recent discovery of cancer-specific microbiomes renders these cancer-associated microbes as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. While at low biomass levels, the lung microbiome still dramatically influences the initiation, progression and treatment of lung cancers. However, research on lung cancer-associated microbiomes is emerging, and most profiling studies are performed within three years. Unfortunately, there are substantial inconsistencies across these studies. Variations in microbial diversity were observed, and different microbial biomarkers for lung cancer have been proposed. In this review, we summarized the current findings of lung cancer microbiome studies and attempt to explain the potential reasons for the dissimilarities. Other than lung microbiomes, oral and airway microbiomes are highly related to lung microbiomes and are therefore included as well. In addition, several lung cancer-associated bacterial genera have been detected by different independent studies. These bacterial genera may not be perfect biomarkers, but they still serve as promising risk factors for lung cancers and show great prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Huang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-181-0818-9376
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu J, Huang D, Cai Y, Cao Z, Liu Z, Zhang S, Zhao L, Wang X, Wang Y, Huang F, Wu Z. Saliva diagnostics: emerging techniques and biomarkers for salivaomics in cancer detection. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2022; 22:1077-1097. [PMID: 36631426 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2022.2167556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pursuit of easy-to-use, non-invasive and inexpensive diagnostics is an urgent task for clinicians and scientists. Saliva is an important component of body fluid with regular changes of contents under various pathophysiological conditions, and the biomarkers identified from saliva shows high application potentials and values in disease diagnostics. This review introduces the latest developments in saliva research, with an emphasis on the detection and application of salivary biomarkers in cancer detection. AREAS COVERED Detection of disease-specific biomarkers in saliva samples by existing salivaomic methods can be used to diagnose various human pathological conditions and was introduced in details. This review also covers the saliva collection methods, the analytical techniques as well as the corresponding commercial products, with an aim to describe an holistic process for saliva-based diagnostics. EXPERT OPINION Saliva, as a non-invasive and collectable body fluid, can reflect the pathophysiological changes of the human body to a certain extent. Identification of reliable saliva biomarkers can provide a convenient way for cancer detection in clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieren Liu
- Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongna Huang
- School of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanzhe Cai
- School of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihua Cao
- School of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- School of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Big Data and Internet, Shenzhen Technology University, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Feijuan Huang
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengzhi Wu
- Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hao Y, Zeng Z, Peng X, Ai P, Han Q, Ren B, Li M, Wang H, Zhou X, Zhou X, Ma Y, Cheng L. The human oral - nasopharynx microbiome as a risk screening tool for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1013920. [PMID: 36530430 PMCID: PMC9748088 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1013920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common head and neck cancer with a poor prognosis. There is an urgent need to develop a simple and convenient screening tool for early detection and risk screening of NPC. 139 microbial samples were collected from 40 healthy people and 39 patients with nasopharyngeal biopsy. A total of 40 and 39 oral, eight and 27 nasal cavity, nine and 16 nasopharyngeal microbial samples were collected from the two sets of individuals. A risk screening tool for NPC was established by 16S rDNA sequencing and random forest. Patients with nasopharyngeal biopsy had significantly lower nasal cavity and nasopharynx microbial diversities than healthy people. The beta diversity of the oral microbiome was significantly different between the two groups. The NPC screening tools based on nasopharyngeal and oral microbiomes have 88% and 77.2% accuracies, respectively. The nasopharyngeal biopsy patients had significantly higher Granulicatella abundance in their oral cavity and lower Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter in the nasopharynx than healthy people. This study established microbiome-based non-invasive, simple, no radiation, and low-cost NPC screening tools. Individuals at a high risk of NPC should be advised to seek further examination, which might improve the early detection of NPC and save public health costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Head & Neck Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Ai
- Division of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Oral Pathology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Ma
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Lei Cheng, ; Yue Ma,
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Lei Cheng, ; Yue Ma,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Stasiewicz M, Karpiński TM. The oral microbiota and its role in carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:633-642. [PMID: 34743032 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, cancer continues to be a major global health concern. In recent years, the role played by microorganisms in the development and progression of cancer has come under increased scrutiny. The aim of the present review is to highlight the main associations between members of the human oral microbiota and various cancers. The PubMed database was searched for available literature to outline the current state of understanding regarding the role of the oral microbiota and a variety of human cancers. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with carriage of a number of oral bacteria (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus sp.), certain viruses (e.g., human papilloma virus, human herpes virus 8, herpes simplex virus 1 and Epstein-Barr virus) and yeast (Candida albicans). Moreover, members of the oral microbiota are associated with cancers of the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, colon/rectum and lung. Furthermore, the present review outlines a number of the carcinogenic mechanisms underlying the presented microbial associations with cancer. Such information may one day help clinicians to diagnose neoplastic diseases at earlier stages and prescribe treatments that take into account the possible microbial nature of carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stasiewicz
- Research Group of Medical Microbiology, Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Tomasz M Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Until recently, bacteria have been studied in terms of their roles in infectious diseases and mainly by using isolation and culture methods. However, in practice, many bacteria existing on the earth are difficult to isolate and culture, and thus only a limited number of them have been studied to date. On the other hand, in 2005, the next-generation sequencing technology became generally available, and since then genomic analysis of bacterial flora has become widespread. As a result, it has been revealed that the lower respiratory tract, which was previously thought to be sterile, in fact has bacterial flora (a microbiome) with a high level of biodiversity. In addition, it has been found that various diseases develop and worsen depending on the balance of the bacterial flora, and in recent years, a relationship has been established between various disorders. Recent research on cancer-associated microbial communities has elucidated the reciprocal interactions among bacteria, tumors and immune cells, the bacterial pathways associated with induction of oncogenesis, and their translational significance. Nevertheless, despite the increasing evidence showing that dysbiosis is associated with lung oncogenesis, the detailed mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Microorganisms seem to trigger tumor initiation and progression, presumably through the production of bacterio-toxins and other pro-inflammatory factors. The purpose of this review is to present a context for the basic mechanisms and molecular functions of the airway microbiome in oncogenesis, in an effort to prevent cancer by strategies utilizing the airway microbiota, as well as summarizing the mechanisms wherein the microbiome acts as a modulator of immunotherapies in lung cancer.
Collapse
|
24
|
Kovaleva OV, Kushlinskii NE, Podlesnaya PA, Stilidi IS, Gratchev AN. Diagnostic and prognostic potential of the resident non-small cell lung cancer microbiome. Klin Lab Diagn 2022; 67:458-462. [PMID: 36095082 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-8-458-462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The data of a comprehensive comparative study of the taxonomic composition of the resident microbiome of tumors from 26 patients with non-small cell lung cancer are presented. Analysis of taxonomic diversity revealed 10 types, 280 genera and 788 species of microorganisms. The analysis of the relative content and prognostic significance was carried out for 62 dominant genera. Differences in the relative abundance of bacteria of the genera Acinetobacter, Halomonas, and Chryseobacterium between tumor and conditionally normal lung tissue were found, but their diagnostic potential was not confirmed. The correlation analysis did not reveal any relationship between the content of various genera of bacteria and the histological type of the tumor, its localization, and the age of the patients. Differences were found in the content of the studied bacteria depending on the stage of the disease, the presence of regional metastases and tumor differentiation. The prognostic significance of bacteria of the genera Variovorax and Pseudoclavibacter in non-small cell lung cancer was established. The results obtained can be used in the development of new effective methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - N E Kushlinskii
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - P A Podlesnaya
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - I S Stilidi
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - A N Gratchev
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiao J, Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Xia D, Zhang L, Ma N. Saliva microbiome changes in thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:989188. [PMID: 36034695 PMCID: PMC9403763 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.989188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Thyroid disease has been reported to associate with gut microbiota, but the effects of thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules on the oral microbiota are still largely unknown. This study aimed to identify the variation in salivary microbiota and their potential association with thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules. Methods We used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to examine the salivary microbiota of thyroid cancer patients (n = 14), thyroid nodules patients (n = 9), and healthy controls (n = 15). Results The alpha-diversity indices Chao1 and ACE were found to be relatively higher in patients with thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules compared to healthy controls. The beta diversity in both the thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules groups was divergent from the healthy control group. The genera Alloprevotella, Anaeroglobus, Acinetobacter, unclassified Bacteroidales, and unclassified Cyanobacteriales were significantly enriched in the thyroid cancer group compared with the healthy control group. In contrast, the microbiome of the healthy controls was mainly composed of the genera Haemophilus, Lautropia, Allorhizobium Neorhizobium Pararhizobium Rhizobium, Escherichia Shigella, and unclassified Rhodobacteraceae. The thyroid nodules group was dominated by genre uncultured Candidatus Saccharibacteria bacterium, unclassified Clostridiales bacterium feline oral taxon 148, Treponema, unclassified Prevotellaceae, Mobiluncus, and Acholeplasma. In contrast, the genera unclassified Rhodobacteraceae and Aggregatibacter dominated the healthy control group. The study also found that clinical indicators were correlated with the saliva microbiome. Conclusion The salivary microbiota variation may be connected with thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Jiao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youli Zheng
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Degeng Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Ma, ; Li Zhang,
| | - Ning Ma
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Ma, ; Li Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vogtmann E, Hua X, Yu G, Purandare V, Hullings AG, Shao D, Wan Y, Li S, Dagnall CL, Jones K, Hicks BD, Hutchinson A, Caporaso JG, Wheeler W, Sandler DP, Beane Freeman LE, Liao LM, Huang WY, Freedman ND, Caporaso NE, Sinha R, Gail MH, Shi J, Abnet CC. The Oral Microbiome and Lung Cancer Risk: An Analysis of 3 Prospective Cohort Studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:1501-1510. [PMID: 35929779 PMCID: PMC9664178 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested associations between the oral microbiome and lung cancer, but studies were predominantly cross-sectional and underpowered. METHODS Using a case-cohort design, 1306 incident lung cancer cases were identified in the Agricultural Health Study; National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study; and Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Referent subcohorts were randomly selected by strata of age, sex, and smoking history. DNA was extracted from oral wash specimens using the DSP DNA Virus Pathogen kit, the 16S rRNA gene V4 region was amplified and sequenced, and bioinformatics were conducted using QIIME 2. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using weighted Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Higher alpha diversity was associated with lower lung cancer risk (Shannon index hazard ratio = 0.90, 95% confidence interval = 0.84 to 0.96). Specific principal component vectors of the microbial communities were also statistically significantly associated with lung cancer risk. After multiple testing adjustment, greater relative abundance of 3 genera and presence of 1 genus were associated with greater lung cancer risk, whereas presence of 3 genera were associated with lower risk. For example, every SD increase in Streptococcus abundance was associated with 1.14 times the risk of lung cancer (95% confidence interval = 1.06 to 1.22). Associations were strongest among squamous cell carcinoma cases and former smokers. CONCLUSIONS Multiple oral microbial measures were prospectively associated with lung cancer risk in 3 US cohort studies, with associations varying by smoking history and histologic subtype. The oral microbiome may offer new opportunities for lung cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Vogtmann
- Correspondence to: Emily Vogtmann, PhD, MPH, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr, MSC 9768, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA (e-mail: )
| | | | - Guoqin Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vaishnavi Purandare
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Autumn G Hullings
- Nutrition Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dantong Shao
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhu Wan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research/Leidos Biomedical Research Laboratory, Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Shilan Li
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Casey L Dagnall
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research/Leidos Biomedical Research Laboratory, Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kristine Jones
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research/Leidos Biomedical Research Laboratory, Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Belynda D Hicks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research/Leidos Biomedical Research Laboratory, Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA,Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research/Leidos Biomedical Research Laboratory, Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - J Gregory Caporaso
- Center for Applied Microbiome Science, Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | | | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, Chronic Disease Epidemiology Group, National Institute for Environmental Health Science, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Linda M Liao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mitchell H Gail
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Klein M, Pragman AA, Wendt C. Biomarkers and the microbiome in the detection and treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Semin Oncol 2022; 49:S0093-7754(22)00051-3. [PMID: 35914981 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers in the world. However, over the last several years, research into lung cancer screening and novel therapeutic approaches have provided promise that earlier detection combined with new treatment strategies may result in significantly improved outcomes. Biomarkers will most certainly play a major role in identifying those who may benefit from, and how to apply, these new treatment strategies. Here we discuss potential biomarkers, including the microbiome, in both detection and treatment strategies for early stage lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Klein
- Hematology/Oncology Section, Primary Care Service Line, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Alexa A Pragman
- Infectious Disease Section, Primary Care Service Line, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Christine Wendt
- Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Section, Primary Care Service Line, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ying KL, Brasky TM, Freudenheim JL, McElroy JP, Nickerson QA, Song MA, Weng DY, Wewers MD, Whiteman NB, Mathé EA, Shields PG. Saliva and Lung Microbiome Associations with Electronic Cigarette Use and Smoking. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:435-446. [PMID: 35667088 PMCID: PMC9256774 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome has increasingly been linked to cancer. Little is known about the lung and oral cavity microbiomes in smokers, and even less for electronic cigarette (EC) users, compared with never-smokers. In a cross-sectional study (n = 28) of smokers, EC users, and never-smokers, bronchoalveolar lavage and saliva samples underwent metatranscriptome profiling to examine associations with lung and oral microbiomes. Pairwise comparisons assessed differentially abundant bacteria species. Total bacterial load was similar between groups, with no differences in bacterial diversity across lung microbiomes. In lungs, 44 bacteria species differed significantly (FDR < 0.1) between smokers/never-smokers, with most decreased in smokers. Twelve species differed between smokers/EC users, all decreased in smokers of which Neisseria sp. KEM232 and Curvibacter sp. AEP1-3 were observed. Among the top five decreased species in both comparisons, Neisseria elongata, Neisseria sicca, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were observed. In the oral microbiome, 152 species were differentially abundant for smokers/never-smokers, and 17 between smokers/electronic cigarette users, but only 21 species were differentially abundant in both the lung and oral cavity. EC use is not associated with changes in the lung microbiome compared with never-smokers, indicating EC toxicity does not affect microbiota. Statistically different bacteria in smokers compared with EC users and never-smokers were almost all decreased, potentially due to toxic effects of cigarette smoke. The low numbers of overlapping oral and lung microbes suggest that the oral microbiome is not a surrogate for analyzing smoking-related effects in the lung. PREVENTION RELEVANCE The microbiome affects cancer and other disease risk. The effects of e-cig usage on the lung microbiome are essentially unknown. Given the importance of lung microbiome dysbiosis populated by oral species which have been observed to drive lung cancer progression, it is important to study effects of e-cig use on microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Ying
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH,Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Theodore M. Brasky
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH,Department Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Jo L. Freudenheim
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY
| | - Joseph P. McElroy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH,Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Quentin A. Nickerson
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Min-Ae Song
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Daniel Y. Weng
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Mark D. Wewers
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Noah B. Whiteman
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Ewy A. Mathé
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH,Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH,Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Peter G. Shields
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH,Department Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stella GM, Scialò F, Bortolotto C, Agustoni F, Sanci V, Saddi J, Casali L, Corsico AG, Bianco A. Pragmatic Expectancy on Microbiota and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133131. [PMID: 35804901 PMCID: PMC9264919 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that lung cancer relies on a number of genes aberrantly expressed because of somatic lesions. Indeed, the lungs, based on their anatomical features, are organs at a high risk of development of extremely heterogeneous tumors due to the exposure to several environmental toxic agents. In this context, the microbiome identifies the whole assemblage of microorganisms present in the lungs, as well as in distant organs, together with their structural elements and metabolites, which actively interact with normal and transformed cells. A relevant amount of data suggest that the microbiota plays a role not only in cancer disease predisposition and risk but also in its initiation and progression, with an impact on patients’ prognosis. Here, we discuss the mechanistic insights of the complex interaction between lung cancer and microbiota as a relevant component of the microenvironment, mainly focusing on novel diagnostic and therapeutic objectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Maria Stella
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.S.); (A.G.C.)
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Filippo Scialò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (A.B.)
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Chandra Bortolotto
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Intensive Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Agustoni
- Unit of Oncology, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Sanci
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.S.); (A.G.C.)
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jessica Saddi
- Radiation Therapy IRCCS Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Lucio Casali
- Honorary Consultant Student Support and Services, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia Medical School, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.S.); (A.G.C.)
- Unit of Respiratory Diseases IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.S.); (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao C, Li X, Zhao X, Yang P, Wang X, Chen X, Chen N, Chen F. Standardized studies of the oral microbiome: From technology-driven to hypothesis-driven. IMETA 2022; 1:e19. [PMID: 38868569 PMCID: PMC10989927 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome is in a symbiotic relationship with the host. Among the microbial consortia in the human body, that in the oral cavity is complex. Instead of repeatedly confirming biomarkers of oral and systemic diseases, recent studies have focused on a unified clinical diagnostic standard in microbiology that reduces the heterogeneity caused by individual discrepancies. Research has also been conducted on other topics of greater clinical importance, including bacterial pathogenesis, and the effects of drugs and treatments. In this review, we divide existing research into technology-driven and hypothesis-driven, according to whether there is a clear research hypothesis. This classification allows the demonstration of shifts in the direction of oral microbiology research. Based on the shifts, we suggested that establishing clear hypotheses may be the solution to major research challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuqi Gao
- Central LaboratoryPeking University Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Xuantao Li
- Central LaboratoryPeking University Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Xiaole Zhao
- Central LaboratoryPeking University Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Peiyue Yang
- Central LaboratoryPeking University Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Wang
- Central LaboratoryPeking University Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Central LaboratoryPeking University Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Feng Chen
- Central LaboratoryPeking University Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Birla P, Shaikh FY. De- "bug"-ing the microbiome in lung cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:335-346. [PMID: 35588337 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The identification of microbes enriched in the healthy lung has led to the compelling discovery that microbes may contribute to lung cancer pathogenesis. Here, we review the recent literature showing microbial associations with lung cancer as well as the functional features that have been identified in human and murine studies. Most biomarker data remain limited due to variable findings. However, multiple studies have found that lung tumors or ipsilateral airway samples have decreased α diversity compared to normal tissue. Specific genera, such as Veillonella and Streptococcus, were also found in association with lung tumors using multiple sampling methodologies. These microbes, which are generally found in the upper respiratory track, are associated with an IL-17 signature in the lung, potentially resulting in a pro-tumorigenic environment. Studies detailing these immune mechanisms are limited, and further investigation is necessary to delineate how these bacteria, their metabolites, and potentially tumor-associated neoantigens modulate the immune response in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pakhi Birla
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street CRB1 Bldg, Suite 4M 441, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Fyza Y Shaikh
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street CRB1 Bldg, Suite 4M 441, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shimizu M, Miyanaga A, Seike M, Matsuda K, Matsumoto M, Noro R, Fujita K, Mano Y, Furuya N, Kubota K, Gemma A. The respiratory microbiome associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comorbidity in non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:1940-1947. [PMID: 35580613 PMCID: PMC9250845 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research has shown that some microbiomes are linked to cancer. Hence, we hypothesize that alterations in the respiratory microbiome might be associated with lung cancer. Methods Through droplet digital polymerase chain reaction analysis, we investigated the abundance of Acidovorax in surgically resected primary tumors and corresponding nontumor lung tissues obtained from 50 Japanese patients with non‐small cell lung cancer. Results The rate of positivity for Acidovorax in tumor and nontumor tissues was 44 and 26%, respectively. The abundance of Acidovorax in tumor tissues was significantly higher in patients with nonsquamous cell carcinoma complicated by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and those who relapsed after surgical resection (p < 0.05). In tumor tissues, the results of the univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that only COPD exerted a direct effect on the abundance of Acidovorax (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the presence of Acidovorax was high in lung cancer patients with COPD comorbidity (65%) and TP53 gene mutation; only one of the nontumor tissues was positive for Acidovorax. In patients with lung cancer complicated by COPD, Acidovorax tended to be present in both the tumor and nontumor areas. Conclusions This study identified novel microbiota involved in lung cancer with COPD comorbidity. The results suggested that Acidovorax may be a useful biomarker in the screening for lung cancer. Further studies are warranted to validate the clinical significance of the microbiome in a larger independent patient cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Shimizu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Miyanaga
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Seike
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniko Matsuda
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsumoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rintaro Noro
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazue Fujita
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Mano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Bunkyo Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Furuya
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Bunkyo Gakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kubota
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Gemma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Anipindi M, Bitetto D. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Uses of the Microbiome in the Field of Oncology. Cureus 2022; 14:e24890. [PMID: 35698690 PMCID: PMC9184241 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and it can affect almost every part of the human body. Effective screening and early diagnosis of cancers is extremely difficult due to the multifactorial etiology of the disease and delayed presentation of the patients. The available treatments are usually not specific to the affected organ system, leading to intolerable systemic side effects and early withdrawal from therapies. In vivo and in vitro studies have revealed an association of specific microbiome signatures with individual cancers. The cancer-related human microbiome has also been shown to affect the response of tissues to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation. This is an excellent opportunity for us to design specific screening markers using the microbiome to prevent cancers and diagnose them early. We can also develop precise treatments that can target cancer-affected specific organ systems and probably use a lesser dose of chemotherapy or radiation for the same effect. This prevents adverse effects and early cessation of treatments. However, we need further studies to exactly clarify and characterize these associations. In this review article, we focus on the association of the microbiome with individual cancers and highlight its future role in cancer screenings, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments.
Collapse
|
34
|
Human microbiota: a crucial gatekeeper in lung cancer initiation, progression, and treatment. MEDICINE IN MICROECOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
35
|
McLean AEB, Kao SC, Barnes DJ, Wong KKH, Scolyer RA, Cooper WA, Kohonen-Corish MRJ. The emerging role of the lung microbiome and its importance in non-small cell lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. Lung Cancer 2022; 165:124-132. [PMID: 35123155 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, with the development of culture-free bacterial identification techniques, understanding of how the microbiome influences diseases has increased exponentially and has highlighted potential opportunities for its use as a diagnostic biomarker and interventional target in many diseases including malignancy. Initial research focused on the faecal microbiome since it contains the densest bacterial populations and many other mucosal sites, such as the lungs, were until recently thought to be sterile. However, in recent years, it has become clear that the lower airways are home to a dynamic bacterial population sustained by the migration and elimination of microbes from the gastrointestinal and upper airway tracts. As in the gut, the lung microbiome plays an important role in regulating mucosal immunity and maintaining the balance between immune tolerance and inflammation. Studies to date have all shown that the lung microbiome undergoes significant changes in the setting of pulmonary disease. In lung cancer, animal models and small patient cohort studies have suggested that microbiome dysbiosis may not only impact tumour progression and response to therapy, particularly immunotherapy, but also plays a key role in cancer pathogenesis by influencing early carcinogenic pathways. These early results have led to concerted efforts to identify microbiome signatures that represent diagnostic biomarkers of early-stage disease and to consider modulation of the lung microbiome as a potential therapeutic strategy. Lung microbiome research is in its infancy and studies to date have been small, single centre with significant methodological variation. Large, multicentre longitudinal studies are needed to establish the clinical potential of this exciting field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna E B McLean
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Sydney Local Health District, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Steven C Kao
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, Australia; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Rhodes, Australia
| | - David J Barnes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Sydney Local Health District, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keith K H Wong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Sydney Local Health District, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Sydney Local Health District, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, North Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wendy A Cooper
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Sydney Local Health District, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maija R J Kohonen-Corish
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia; Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia; Microbiome Research Centre, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang X, Mi Q, Yang J, Guan Y, Zeng W, Xiang H, Liu X, Yang W, Yang G, Li X, Cui Y, Gao Q. Effect of electronic cigarette and tobacco smoking on the human saliva microbial community. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:991-1000. [PMID: 35229279 PMCID: PMC9151971 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrated the oral microbial community profile characteristics affected by conventional cigarettes smoking, but few studies focus on oral microbiome in response to electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes). This study aimed to investigate the effect of E-cigarettes on the oral microbiome and to describe the difference of oral community profiles between E-cigarette smokers and tobacco smokers. 16S rRNA V4 gene sequencing was performed to investigate the oral microbial profiles of 5 E-cigarette smokers, 14 tobacco smokers, 8 quitting tobacco smokers, and 6 nonsmokers. The Chao1, ACE, and Shannon diversity indexes increased significantly in saliva samples collected from E-cigarette smokers and tobacco smokers compared to the non-smokers, and no significant difference was found in alpha diversity between E-cigarette smokers and tobacco smokers. The main phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria and major genera Neisseria, Streptococcus, Prevotellaceae, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas dominated in the smoking groups, while Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria became the dominant phyla along with the genera Corynebacterium, Neisseria, Streptococcus, Actinomyces, and Porphyromonas in the nonsmokers. The differences in the phylum Actinobacteria and genus Corynebacterium contributed to various functional differences between smokers and nonsmokers. The difference on oral microbial and composition between E-cigarettes and common tobacco were associated with increased Prevotellaceae and decreased Neisseria. Additionally, smoking cessation could lead to re-establishment of the oral microbiome to that of nonsmokers. Our data demonstrate that E-cigarette smoking had different effects on the structure and composition of the oral microbial community compared to tobacco smoking. However, the short- and long-term impact of E-cigarette smoking on microbiome composition and function needs further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China ,School of Pharmaceutical Science &Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, No. 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, 650504 China
| | - Qili Mi
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Ji Yang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Ying Guan
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Wanli Zeng
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Haiying Xiang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Xin Liu
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Wenwu Yang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Guangyu Yang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106 China
| | - Yinshan Cui
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Qian Gao
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., No. 41 Keyi Road, Kunming, 650106, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dong J, Li W, Wang Q, Chen J, Zu Y, Zhou X, Guo Q. Relationships Between Oral Microecosystem and Respiratory Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:718222. [PMID: 35071321 PMCID: PMC8767498 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.718222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral microecosystem is a very complicated ecosystem that is located in the mouth and comprises oral microbiome, diverse anatomic structures of oral cavity, saliva and interactions between oral microbiota and between oral microbiota and the host. More and more evidence from studies of epidemiology, microbiology and molecular biology is establishing a significant link between oral microecosystem and respiratory diseases. Microbiota settling down in oral microecosystem is known as the main source of lung microbiome and has been associated with the occurrence and development of respiratory diseases like pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, cystic fibrosis lung disease and asthma. In fact, it is not only indigenous oral microbes promote or directly cause respiratory infection and inflammation when inhaled into the lower respiratory tract, but also internal environment of oral microecosystem serves as a reservoir for opportunistic respiratory pathogens. Moreover, poor oral health and oral diseases caused by oral microecological dysbiosis (especially periodontal disease) are related with risk of multiple respiratory diseases. Here, we review the research status on the respiratory diseases related with oral microecosystem. Potential mechanisms on how respiratory pathogens colonize oral microecosystem and the role of indigenous oral microbes in pathogenesis of respiratory diseases are also summarized and analyzed. Given the importance of oral plaque control and oral health interventions in controlling or preventing respiratory infection and diseases, we also summarize the oral health management measures and attentions, not only for populations susceptible to respiratory infection like the elderly and hospitalized patients, but also for dentist or oral hygienists who undertake oral health care. In conclusion, the relationship between respiratory diseases and oral microecosystem has been established and supported by growing body of literature. However, etiological evidence on the role of oral microecosystem in the development of respiratory diseases is still insufficient. Further detailed studies focusing on specific mechanisms on how oral microecosystem participate in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases could be helpful to prevent and treat respiratory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mahapatra S, Mohanty S, Mishra R, Prasad P. An overview of cancer and the human microbiome. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 191:83-139. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
39
|
Characteristics of Oral Microbiota in Patients with Esophageal Cancer in China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2259093. [PMID: 34957299 PMCID: PMC8702330 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2259093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis is closely associated with intestinal carcinogenesis, but the oral microbiota of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who live in high-risk regions in China has not been fully characterized. In the current study, oral microbial diversity was investigated in 33 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 35 healthy controls in Chongqing, China, by sequencing 16S rRNA of V3-V4 gene regions. There were statistically significant differences in oral microbiota between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and controls as determined via unweighted pair-group analysis with arithmetic means. At the phylum level, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, there were comparatively greater amounts of Firmicutes (34.0% vs. 31.1%) and Bacteroidetes (25.3% vs. 24.9%) and lower amounts of Proteobacteria (17.0% vs. 20.1%). At the genus level, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients exhibited comparatively greater amounts of Streptococcus (17.3% vs. 14.5%) and Prevotella_7 (8.6% vs. 8.5%) and lower amounts of Neisseria (8.1% vs. 10.7%). Using a linear discriminant analysis effect size method, Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia were identified in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group. 10 genera were higher abundances identified in the healthy control group, and different 10 genera were identified in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma group. In the present study, there were significant differences in oral microbial compositions of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and healthy controls. Further longitudinal and mechanistic studies are needed to further characterize relationships between oral microbiota and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu KX, Liu HX, Zhang J, Zhang N, Zhou YZ, Tao MM, Wang HW, Qu JM. Biogeography of the Respiratory Tract Microbiome in Patients With Malignant Tracheal Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:758917. [PMID: 34868972 PMCID: PMC8640173 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to characterize the bacterial microbiota in the oral cavity (OC), throat, trachea, and distal alveoli of patients with primary malignant tracheal tumors (PMTT), including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and salivary gland carcinoma patients (SGC), for comparison with a matched non-malignant tracheal tumor (NMTT) group. Methods Patients with pathological diagnosis of PMTT and NMTT were included in this study. Saliva, throat swab (TS), trachea protected specimen brush (PSB), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The composition, diversity, and distribution of the microbiota were compared among biogeographic sampling sites and patient groups. The relationship between the genera-level taxon abundance and tracheal tumor types was also investigated to screen for candidate biomarkers. Findings The most represented phyla in the four sites were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In SCC patients, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes gradually decreased with increasing depth into the respiratory tract, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria gradually increased. Bacterial communities at the four biogeographic sites formed two distinct clusters, with OC and TS samples comprising one cluster and PSB and BALF samples comprising the other group. Principal coordinate analysis showed that trachea microbiota in SCC patients were distinct from that of SGC or NMTT patients. In the trachea, AUCs generated by Prevotella and Alloprevotella showed that the abundance of these genera could distinguish SCC patients from both NMTT and SGC patients. Interpretation The structure of respiratory tract microbiota in PMTT patients is related to tumor type. Certain bacteria could potentially serve as markers of SCC, although verification with large-sample studies is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Xiong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Shanghai, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hai-Xia Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Mei Tao
- Department of Oncology, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie-Ming Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xiong K, Sun W, He Y, Fan L. Advances in molecular mechanisms of interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and lung cancer: a narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:4012-4026. [PMID: 34858788 PMCID: PMC8577982 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective We systematically review the molecular mechanism of the interaction between lung cancer (LC) and tuberculosis (TB), and put forward the existing problems in order to provide suggestions for early intervention and future research direction. Background TB and LC are two global public health problems affecting human health. LC is the main cause of cancer-related death worldwide and TB is one of the leading causes of death among infectious diseases, especially in resource-poor areas. Previous studies have suggested that a history of TB may be associated with an increased risk of LC. With the improvement of LC treatment, the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the course of LC treatment is also frequently reported recently. Methods The molecular immunological mechanisms of interaction between LC and TB, and related epidemiological literature are reviewed. The research progress and problems to be solved are summarized. Conclusions Chronic inflammation, immune abnormalities, scar formation, gene mutations and drug effects caused by TB may be associated with the occurrence of LC induced by abnormalities in various molecular pathways. LC and decreased immunity during treatment may also increase the risk of latent TB activation or new TB infection through immune pathways. Data on dual burden areas of TB and LC are still lacking, and more clinical studies are needed to elucidate the association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Xiong
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease (Tuberculosis), Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwen Sun
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease (Tuberculosis), Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease (Tuberculosis), Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fighting Cancer with Bacteria and Their Toxins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312980. [PMID: 34884780 PMCID: PMC8657867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important global health problems that continues to demand new treatment strategies. Many bacteria that cause persistent infections play a role in carcinogenesis. However, since bacteria are well studied in terms of molecular mechanisms, they have been proposed as an interesting solution to treat cancer. In this review, we present the use of bacteria, and particularly bacterial toxins, in cancer therapy, highlighting the advantages and limitations of bacterial toxins. Proteomics, as one of the omics disciplines, is essential for the study of bacterial toxins. Advances in proteomics have contributed to better characterization of bacterial toxins, but also to the development of anticancer drugs based on bacterial toxins. In addition, we highlight the current state of knowledge in the rapidly developing field of bacterial extracellular vesicles, with a focus on their recent application as immunotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
43
|
Salivary Biomarkers in Lung Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6019791. [PMID: 34690552 PMCID: PMC8528626 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6019791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A very low percentage of lung cancer (LC) cases are discovered at an early and treatable stage of the disease, leading to an abysmally low 5-year survival rate. This underscores the immediate necessity for improved diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers for LC. Biopsied lung tissue, blood, and plasma are common sources used for LC diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. A growing number of studies have reported saliva to be a useful biological sample for early and noninvasive detection of oral and systemic diseases. Nevertheless, salivary biomarker discovery remains underresearched. Here, we have compiled the available literature to provide an overview of the current understanding of salivary markers for LC detection and provided perspectives for future clinical significance. Valuable markers with diagnostic and prognostic potentials in LC have been discovered in saliva, including metabolic (catalase activity, triene conjugates, and Schiff bases), inflammatory (interleukin 10, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10), proteomic (haptoglobin, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein, and calprotectin), genomic (epidermal growth factor receptor), and microbial candidates (Veillonella and Streptococcus). In combination, with each other and with other established screening methods, these salivary markers could be useful for improving early detection of the disease and ultimately improve the survival odds of LC patients. The existing literature suggests that saliva is a promising biological sample for identification and validation of biomarkers in LC, but how saliva can be utilized most effectively in a clinical setting for LC management is still under investigation.
Collapse
|
44
|
Sphingomonas and Phenylobacterium as Major Microbiota in Thymic Epithelial Tumors. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11111092. [PMID: 34834444 PMCID: PMC8623653 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has been reported to be closely associated with carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, its involvement in the pathology of thymoma remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify thymoma-specific microbiota using resected thymoma samples. Nineteen thymoma tissue samples were analyzed through polymerase chain reaction amplification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The subjects were grouped according to histology, driver mutation status in the GTF2I gene, PD-L1 status, and smoking habits. To identify the taxa composition of each sample, the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were classified on the effective tags with 97% identity. The Shannon Index of the 97% identity OTUs was calculated to evaluate the alpha diversity. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) method was used to compare the relative abundances of all the bacterial taxa. We identified 107 OTUs in the tumor tissues, which were classified into 26 genera. Sphingomonas and Phenylobacterium were identified as abundant genera in almost all the samples. No significant difference was determined in the alpha diversity within these groups; however, type A thymoma tended to exhibit a higher bacterial diversity than type B thymoma. Through the LEfSe analysis, we identified the following differentially abundant taxa: Bacilli, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillales in type A thymoma; Proteobacteria in type B thymoma; Gammaproteobacteria in tumors harboring the GTF2I mutation; and Alphaproteobacteria in tumors without the GTF2I mutation. In conclusion, Sphingomonas and Phenylobacterium were identified as dominant genera in thymic epithelial tumors. These genera appear to comprise the thymoma-specific microbiota.
Collapse
|
45
|
Association of oral microbiota with lung cancer risk in a low-income population in the Southeastern USA. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 32:1423-1432. [PMID: 34432217 PMCID: PMC8541916 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral microbiome plays an important role in oral health and systemic diseases, including cancer. We aimed to prospectively investigate the association of oral microbiome with lung cancer risk. METHODS We analyzed 156 incident lung cancer cases (73 European Americans and 83 African Americans) and 156 individually matched controls nested within the Southern Community Cohort Study. Oral microbiota were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in pre-diagnostic mouth rinse samples. Paired t test and the permutational multivariate analysis of variance test were used to evaluate lung cancer risk association with alpha diversity or beta diversity, respectively. Conditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of individual bacterial abundance or prevalence with lung cancer risk. RESULTS No significant differences were observed for alpha or beta diversity between lung cancer cases and controls. Abundance of families Lachnospiraceae_[XIV], Peptostreptococcaceae_[XI], and Erysipelotrichaceae and species Parvimonas micra was associated with decreased lung cancer risk, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 0.76 (0.59-0.98), 0.80 (0.66-0.97), 0.81 (0.67-0.99), and 0.83 (0.71-0.98), respectively (all p < 0.05). Prevalence of five pre-defined oral pathogens were not significantly associated with overall lung cancer risk. Prevalence of genus Bacteroidetes_[G-5] and species Alloprevotella sp._oral_taxon_912, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Lactococcus lactis, Peptoniphilaceae_[G-1] sp._oral_taxon_113, Leptotrichia sp._oral_taxon_225, and Fretibacterium fastidiosum was associated with decreased lung cancer risk, with ORs and 95% CIs of 0.55 (0.30-1.00), 0.36 (0.17-0.73), 0.53 (0.31-0.92), 0.43 (0.21-0.88), 0.43 (0.19-0.94), 0.57 (0.34-0.99), and 0.54 (0.31-0.94), respectively (all p < 0.05). Species L. sp._oral_taxon_225 was significantly associated with decreased lung cancer risk in African Americans (OR [95% CIs] 0.28 [0.12-0.66]; p = 0.00012). CONCLUSION Results from this study suggest that oral microbiota may play a role in the development of lung cancer.
Collapse
|
46
|
Pathak JL, Yan Y, Zhang Q, Wang L, Ge L. The role of oral microbiome in respiratory health and diseases. Respir Med 2021; 185:106475. [PMID: 34049183 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The oral cavity (mouth) has various microbial habitats, including, teeth, gingival sulcus, gingiva, tongue, inner cheek, hard palate, and soft palate. The human oral cavity houses the second most diverse microbiome in the body harboring over 700 bacterial species. The fine-tuned equilibrium of the oral microbiome ecosystem maintains oral health. Oral dysbiosis caused by food habits and poor oral hygiene leads to various oral diseases such as periodontitis, caries, gingivitis, and oral cancer. Recent advances in technology have revealed the correlation between the oral microbiome and systemic diseases such as pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and other metabolic diseases. Since the oral cavity directly connects with the upper respiratory tract, the oral microbiome has easier access to the respiratory system compared to other organ systems. Direct aspiration of oral microflora in the respiratory system and oral dysbiosis-induced host immune reaction and inflammation are mainly responsible for various pulmonary complications. Numbers of literature have reported the correlation between oral diseases and pulmonary diseases, suggesting the possible role of the oral microbiome in respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, pneumonia, lung cancer, etc. This paper reviews the current evidence in establishing a link between the oral microbiome and pulmonary diseases. We also discuss future research directions focusing on the oral microbiome to unravel novel therapeutic approaches that could prevent or treat the various pulmonary complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janak L Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyong Yan
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Linhu Ge
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Features of the Metabolic Profile of Saliva in Lung Cancer and COPD: The Effect of Smoking Status. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050289. [PMID: 33946448 PMCID: PMC8147157 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the metabolic characteristics of the salivary composition in lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their combination, depending on the smoking history. The study group included 392 patients with lung cancer of various histological types. The division into subgroups was carried out in accordance with the severity of COPD and smoking experience. Salivary biochemical composition was determined according to 34 indicators. For data processing, the principal component method was used. Different groups of biochemical saliva markers are informative when separately accounting for the smoking factor and the presence of COPD in lung cancer. For smoking, antioxidant enzymes and electrolyte components of saliva are informative; for COPD metabolic enzymes, lipid peroxidation products, sialic acids and electrolyte components are informative. While taking into account the smoking factor and the presence of COPD, biochemical markers corresponding to the presence/absence and severity of COPD are the priority. Changes occurring in the background of smoking are of a secondary nature, manifesting as much as possible with a smoking history of more than 50 pack-years. Thus, the metabolic changes that occur in lung cancer in combination with COPD, depending on the smoking factor, can be estimated using saliva.
Collapse
|
48
|
Microbiota Biomarkers for Lung Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030407. [PMID: 33673596 PMCID: PMC7997424 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the number one cancer killer and its early detection can reduce mortality. Accumulating evidences suggest an etiopathogenic role of microorganisms in lung tumorigenesis. Certain bacteria are found to be associated with NSCLC. Herein we evaluated the potential use of microbiome as biomarkers for the early detection of NSCLC. We used droplet digital PCR to analyze 25 NSCLC-associated bacterial genera in 31 lung tumor and the paired noncancerous lung tissues and sputum of 17 NSCLC patients and ten cancer-free smokers. Of the bacterial genera, four had altered abundances in lung tumor tissues, while five were aberrantly abundant in sputum of NSCLC patients compared with their normal counterparts (all p < 0.05). Acidovorax and Veillonella were further developed as a panel of sputum biomarkers that could diagnose lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 80% sensitivity and 89% specificity. The use of Capnocytophaga as a sputum biomarker identified lung adenocarcinoma (AC) with 72% sensitivity and 85% specificity. The use of Acidovorax as a sputum biomarker had 63% sensitivity and 96% specificity for distinguishing between SCC and AC, the two major types of NSCLC. The sputum biomarkers were further validated for the diagnostic values in a different cohort of 69 NSCLC cases and 79 cancer-free controls. Sputum microbiome might provide noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection and classification of NSCLC.
Collapse
|
49
|
Dong T, Zhao F, Yuan K, Zhu X, Wang N, Xia F, Lu Y, Huang Z. Association Between Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels and Salivary Microbiome Shifts. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:603291. [PMID: 33718264 PMCID: PMC7952758 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.603291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
High serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are linked to many metabolic disorders, but the effects of TSH levels on the oral microbiota are still largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the association between the salivary microbiome in adults and serum TSH levels. Saliva and fasting blood samples were obtained from a health census conducted in Southeast China. All participants were divided according to serum TSH levels. The microbial genetic profiles and changes were acquired by 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Relevant anthropometric and biochemical measurements such as insulin resistance, blood lipids, and body composition were evaluated with laboratory tests and physical examinations. The salivary microbiome in individuals with higher TSH level showed significantly higher taxa diversity. Principal coordinates analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis showed distinct clustering in the Abnormal and Normal Groups (Adonis, P=0.0320). Granulicatella was identified as a discriminative genus for comparison of the two groups. Fasting serum insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, and hemoglobin A1 were elevated in the Abnormal Group (P<0.05), showing the presence of insulin resistance in individuals with abnormal higher serum TSH levels. Distance-based redundancy analysis revealed the association of this distinctive difference with salivary microbiome. In conclusion, shifts in microbial profile were observed in the saliva of individuals with different serum TSH levels, and insulin resistance may play an important role in the biochemical and microbial alteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Dong
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyong Yuan
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangzhen Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shaikh FY, White JR, Gills JJ, Hakozaki T, Richard C, Routy B, Okuma Y, Usyk M, Pandey A, Weber JS, Ahn J, Lipson EJ, Naidoo J, Pardoll DM, Sears CL. A Uniform Computational Approach Improved on Existing Pipelines to Reveal Microbiome Biomarkers of Nonresponse to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2571-2583. [PMID: 33593881 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of cancer by producing durable antitumor responses, only 10%-30% of treated patients respond and the ability to predict clinical benefit remains elusive. Several studies, small in size and using variable analytic methods, suggest the gut microbiome may be a novel, modifiable biomarker for tumor response rates, but the specific bacteria or bacterial communities putatively impacting ICI responses have been inconsistent across the studied populations. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have reanalyzed the available raw 16S rRNA amplicon and metagenomic sequencing data across five recently published ICI studies (n = 303 unique patients) using a uniform computational approach. RESULTS Herein, we identify novel bacterial signals associated with clinical responders (R) or nonresponders (NR) and develop an integrated microbiome prediction index. Unexpectedly, the NR-associated integrated index shows the strongest and most consistent signal using a random effects model and in a sensitivity and specificity analysis (P < 0.01). We subsequently tested the integrated index using validation cohorts across three distinct and diverse cancers (n = 105). CONCLUSIONS Our analysis highlights the development of biomarkers for nonresponse, rather than response, in predicting ICI outcomes and suggests a new approach to identify patients who would benefit from microbiome-based interventions to improve response rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fyza Y Shaikh
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Joell J Gills
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Taiki Hakozaki
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Corentin Richard
- University of Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec
| | - Bertrand Routy
- University of Montreal Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec
| | - Yusuke Okuma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo City, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Abhishek Pandey
- Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey S Weber
- Department of Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jiyoung Ahn
- Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Evan J Lipson
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jarushka Naidoo
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Drew M Pardoll
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. .,Departments of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|