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Samaržija I, Lukiyanchuk V, Lončarić M, Rac-Justament A, Stojanović N, Gorodetska I, Kahya U, Humphries JD, Fatima M, Humphries MJ, Fröbe A, Dubrovska A, Ambriović-Ristov A. The extracellular matrix component perlecan/HSPG2 regulates radioresistance in prostate cancer cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1452463. [PMID: 39149513 PMCID: PMC11325029 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1452463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy of prostate cancer (PC) can lead to the acquisition of radioresistance through molecular mechanisms that involve, in part, cell adhesion-mediated signaling. To define these mechanisms, we employed a DU145 PC model to conduct a comparative mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of the purified integrin nexus, i.e., the cell-matrix junction where integrins bridge assembled extracellular matrix (matrisome components) to adhesion signaling complexes (adhesome components). When parental and radioresistant cells were compared, the expression of integrins was not changed, but cell radioresistance was associated with extensive matrix remodeling and changes in the complement of adhesion signaling proteins. Out of 72 proteins differentially expressed in the parental and radioresistant cells, four proteins were selected for functional validation based on their correlation with biochemical recurrence-free survival. Perlecan/heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) and lysyl-like oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) were upregulated, while sushi repeat-containing protein X-linked (SRPX) and laminin subunit beta 3 (LAMB3) were downregulated in radioresistant DU145 cells. Knockdown of perlecan/HSPG2 sensitized radioresistant DU145 RR cells to irradiation while the sensitivity of DU145 parental cells did not change, indicating a potential role for perlecan/HSPG2 and its associated proteins in suppressing tumor radioresistance. Validation in androgen-sensitive parental and radioresistant LNCaP cells further supported perlecan/HSPG2 as a regulator of cell radiosensitivity. These findings extend our understanding of the interplay between extracellular matrix remodeling and PC radioresistance and signpost perlecan/HSPG2 as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Samaržija
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vasyl Lukiyanchuk
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marija Lončarić
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anja Rac-Justament
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Stojanović
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ielizaveta Gorodetska
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uğur Kahya
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mahak Fatima
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Fröbe
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology-OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Partner Site Dresden: German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreja Ambriović-Ristov
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Pukkanasut P, Jaskula-Sztul R, Gomora JC, Velu SE. Therapeutic targeting of voltage-gated sodium channel Na V1.7 for cancer metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1416705. [PMID: 39045054 PMCID: PMC11263763 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1416705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the expression and function of voltage-gated sodium channel subtype NaV1.7 in various cancers and explores its impact on the metastasis driving cell functions such as proliferation, migration, and invasiveness. An overview of its structural characteristics, drug binding sites, inhibitors and their likely mechanisms of action are presented. Despite the lack of clarity on the precise mechanism by which NaV1.7 contributes to cancer progression and metastasis; many studies have suggested a connection between NaV1.7 and proteins involved in multiple signaling pathways such as PKA and EGF/EGFR-ERK1/2. Moreover, the functional activity of NaV1.7 appears to elevate the expression levels of MACC1 and NHE-1, which are controlled by p38 MAPK activity, HGF/c-MET signaling and c-Jun activity. This cascade potentially enhances the secretion of extracellular matrix proteases, such as MMPs which play critical roles in cell migration and invasion activities. Furthermore, the NaV1.7 activity may indirectly upregulate Rho GTPases Rac activity, which is critical for cytoskeleton reorganization, cell adhesion, and actin polymerization. The relationship between NaV1.7 and cancer progression has prompted researchers to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting NaV1.7 using inhibitors. The positive outcome of such studies resulted in the discovery of several inhibitors with the ability to reduce cancer cell migration, invasion, and tumor growth underscoring the significance of NaV1.7 as a promising pharmacological target for attenuating cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. The research findings summarized in this review suggest that the regulation of NaV1.7 expression and function by small molecules and/or by genetic engineering is a viable approach to discover novel therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of metastasis of cancers with elevated NaV1.7 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyasuda Pukkanasut
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Renata Jaskula-Sztul
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Gomora
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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García-Chamé M, Wadhwani P, Pfeifer J, Schepers U, Niemeyer CM, Domínguez CM. A Versatile Microfluidic Platform for Extravasation Studies Based on DNA Origami-Cell Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318805. [PMID: 38687094 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The adhesion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to the endothelial lumen and their extravasation to surrounding tissues are crucial in the seeding of metastases and remain the most complex events of the metastatic cascade to study. Integrins expressed on CTCs are major regulators of the extravasation process. This knowledge is primarily derived from animal models and biomimetic systems based on artificial endothelial layers, but these methods have ethical or technical limitations. We present a versatile microfluidic device to study cancer cell extravasation that mimics the endothelial barrier by using a porous membrane functionalized with DNA origami nanostructures (DONs) that display nanoscale patterns of adhesion peptides to circulating cancer cells. The device simulates physiological flow conditions and allows direct visualization of cell transmigration through microchannel pores using 3D confocal imaging. Using this system, we studied integrin-specific adhesion in the absence of other adhesive events. Specifically, we show that the transmigration ability of the metastatic cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 is influenced by the type, distance, and density of adhesion peptides present on the DONs. Furthermore, studies with mixed ligand systems indicate that integrins binding to RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) and IDS (isoleucine-aspartic acid-serine) did not synergistically enhance the extravasation process of MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel García-Chamé
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG 1), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Parvesh Wadhwani
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces 2 (IBG 2), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Juliana Pfeifer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof M Niemeyer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG 1), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Carmen M Domínguez
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG 1), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Zvirblyte J, Nainys J, Juzenas S, Goda K, Kubiliute R, Dasevicius D, Kincius M, Ulys A, Jarmalaite S, Mazutis L. Single-cell transcriptional profiling of clear cell renal cell carcinoma reveals a tumor-associated endothelial tip cell phenotype. Commun Biol 2024; 7:780. [PMID: 38942917 PMCID: PMC11213875 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent form of renal cancer, accounting for over 75% of cases. The asymptomatic nature of the disease contributes to late-stage diagnoses and poor survival. Highly vascularized and immune infiltrated microenvironment are prominent features of ccRCC, yet the interplay between vasculature and immune cells, disease progression and response to therapy remains poorly understood. Using droplet-based single-cell RNA sequencing we profile 50,236 transcriptomes from paired tumor and healthy adjacent kidney tissues. Our analysis reveals significant heterogeneity and inter-patient variability of the tumor microenvironment. Notably, we discover a previously uncharacterized vasculature subpopulation associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The cell-cell communication analysis reveals multiple modes of immunosuppressive interactions within the tumor microenvironment, including clinically relevant interactions between tumor vasculature and stromal cells with immune cells. The upregulation of the genes involved in these interactions is associated with worse survival in the TCGA KIRC cohort. Our findings demonstrate the role of tumor vasculature and stromal cell populations in shaping the ccRCC microenvironment and uncover a subpopulation of cells within the tumor vasculature that is associated with an angiogenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina Zvirblyte
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Nainys
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
- Droplet Genomics, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Juzenas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Karolis Goda
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Raimonda Kubiliute
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Darius Dasevicius
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, 08406, Lithuania
| | | | - Albertas Ulys
- National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, 08660, Lithuania
| | - Sonata Jarmalaite
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania.
- National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, 08660, Lithuania.
| | - Linas Mazutis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania.
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Sharma S, Rani H, Mahesh Y, Jolly MK, Dixit J, Mahadevan V. Loss of p53 epigenetically modulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 43:101848. [PMID: 38412660 PMCID: PMC10907866 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to Mesenchymal transition (EMT) drives cancer metastasis and is governed by genetic and epigenetic alterations at multiple levels of regulation. It is well established that loss/mutation of p53 confers oncogenic function to cancer cells and promotes metastasis. Though transcription factors like ZEB1, SLUG, SNAIL and TWIST have been implied in EMT signalling, p53 mediated alterations in the epigenetic machinery accompanying EMT are not clearly understood. This work attempts to explore epigenetic signalling during EMT in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells with varying status of p53. Towards this, we have induced EMT using TGFβ on CRC cell lines with wild type, null and mutant p53 and have assayed epigenetic alterations after EMT induction. Transcriptomic profiling of the four CRC cell lines revealed that the loss of p53 confers more mesenchymal phenotype with EMT induction than its mutant counterparts. This was also accompanied by upregulation of epigenetic writer and eraser machinery suggesting an epigenetic signalling cascade triggered by TGFβ signalling in CRC. Significant agonist and antagonistic relationships observed between EMT factor SNAI1 and SNAI2 with epigenetic enzymes KDM6A/6B and the chromatin organiser SATB1 in p53 null CRC cells suggest a crosstalk between epigenetic and EMT factors. The observed epigenetic regulation of EMT factor SNAI1 correlates with poor clinical outcomes in 270 colorectal cancer patients taken from TCGA-COAD. This unique p53 dependent interplay between epigenetic enzymes and EMT factors in CRC cells may be exploited for development of synergistic therapies for CRC patients presenting to the clinic with loss of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Sharma
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bangalore, India
| | - Harsha Rani
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bangalore, India
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Perkins RS, Murray G, Suthon S, Davis L, Perkins NB, Fletcher L, Bozzi A, Schreiber SL, Lin J, Laxton S, Pillai RR, Wright AJ, Miranda‐Carboni GA, Krum SA. WNT5B drives osteosarcoma stemness, chemoresistance and metastasis. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1670. [PMID: 38689429 PMCID: PMC11061378 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment for osteosarcoma, a paediatric bone cancer with no therapeutic advances in over three decades, is limited by a lack of targeted therapies. Osteosarcoma frequently metastasises to the lungs, and only 20% of patients survive 5 years after the diagnosis of metastatic disease. We found that WNT5B is the most abundant WNT expressed in osteosarcoma tumours and its expression correlates with metastasis, histologic subtype and reduced survival. METHODS Using tumor-spheroids to model cancer stem-like cells, we performed qPCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence to monitor changes in gene and protein expression. Additionally, we measured sphere size, migration and forming efficiency to monitor phenotypic changes. Therefore, we characterised WNT5B's relevance to cancer stem-like cells, metastasis, and chemoresistance and evaluated its potential as a therapeutic target. RESULTS In osteosarcoma cell lines and patient-derived spheres, WNT5B is enriched in stem cells and induces the expression of the stemness gene SOX2. WNT5B promotes sphere size, sphere-forming efficiency, and cell proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance to methotrexate (but not cisplatin or doxorubicin) in spheres formed from conventional cell lines and patient-derived xenografts. In vivo, WNT5B increased osteosarcoma lung and liver metastasis and inhibited the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid via upregulation of hyaluronidase 1 (HYAL1), leading to changes in the tumour microenvironment. Further, we identified that WNT5B mRNA and protein correlate with the receptor ROR1 in primary tumours. Targeting WNT5B through inhibition of WNT/ROR1 signalling with an antibody to ROR1 reduced stemness properties, including chemoresistance, sphere size and SOX2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data define WNT5B's role in driving osteosarcoma cancer stem cell expansion and methotrexate resistance and provide evidence that the WNT5B pathway is a promising candidate for treating osteosarcoma patients. KEY POINTS WNT5B expression is high in osteosarcoma stem cells leading to increased stem cell proliferation and migration through SOX2. WNT5B expression in stem cells increases rates of osteosarcoma metastasis to the lungs and liver in vivo. The hyaluronic acid degradation enzyme HYAL1 is regulated by WNT5B in osteosarcoma contributing to metastasis. Inhibition of WNT5B with a ROR1 antibody decreases osteosarcoma stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Perkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Center for Cancer ResearchUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Glenn Murray
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Department of PathologyRegional One HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Sarocha Suthon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Lindsey Davis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Nicholson B. Perkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Lily Fletcher
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Amanda Bozzi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Saylor L. Schreiber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Jianjian Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Steven Laxton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Rahul R. Pillai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Alec J. Wright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Gustavo A. Miranda‐Carboni
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Susan A. Krum
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Center for Cancer ResearchUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
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Major G, Ahn M, Cho WW, Santos M, Wise J, Phillips E, Wise SG, Jang J, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Woodfield T, Lim KS. Programming temporal stiffness cues within extracellular matrix hydrogels for modelling cancer niches. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:101004. [PMID: 38420142 PMCID: PMC10900776 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening is a common occurrence during the progression of many diseases, such as breast cancer. To accurately mimic the pathophysiological context of disease within 3D in vitro models, there is high demand for smart biomaterials which replicate the dynamic and temporal mechanical cues of diseased states. This study describes a preclinical disease model, using breast cancer as an example, which replicates the dynamic plasticity of the tumour microenvironment by incorporating temporal (3-week progression) biomechanical cues within a tissue-specific hydrogel microenvironment. The composite hydrogel formulation, integrating adipose-derived decellularised ECM (AdECM) and silk fibroin, was initially crosslinked using a visible light-mediated system, and then progressively stiffened through spontaneous secondary structure interactions inherent between the polymer chains (∼10-15 kPa increase, with a final stiffness of 25 kPa). When encapsulated and cultured in vitro, MCF-7 breast cancer cells initially formed numerous, large spheroids (>1000 μm2 in area), however, with progressive temporal stiffening, cells demonstrated growth arrest and underwent phenotypic changes resulting in intratumoral heterogeneity. Unlike widely-investigated static mechanical models, this stiffening hydrogel allowed for progressive phenotypic changes to be observed, and fostered the development of mature organoid-like spheroids, which mimicked both the organisation and acinar-structures of mature breast epithelium. The spheroids contained a central population of cells which expressed aggressive cellular programs, evidenced by increased fibronectin expression and reduction of E-cadherin. The phenotypic heterogeneity observed using this model is more reflective of physiological tumours, demonstrating the importance of establishing temporal cues within preclinical models in future work. Overall, the developed model demonstrated a novel strategy to uncouple ECM biomechanical properties from the cellular complexities of the disease microenvironment and offers the potential for wide applicability in other 3D in vitro disease models through addition of tissue-specific dECM materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretel Major
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Minjun Ahn
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Won-Woo Cho
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Miguel Santos
- Applied Materials Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jessika Wise
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Elisabeth Phillips
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Steven G Wise
- Applied Materials Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jinah Jang
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tim Woodfield
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Light-Activated Materials Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia
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8
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Wang T, Wu Z, Bi Y, Wang Y, Zhao C, Sun H, Wu Z, Tan Z, Zhang H, Wei H, Yan W. PARVB promotes malignant melanoma progression and is enhanced by hypoxic conditions. Transl Oncol 2024; 42:101861. [PMID: 38301409 PMCID: PMC10847701 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Beta-Parvin (PARVB) is an actin-binding protein with functionality in extracellular matrix binding. Recent studies suggest its potential as a biomarker for various cancers, given its role in governing several malignancies. Yet, its involvement and modulatory mechanisms in malignant melanoma remain under-explored. In this research, we undertook a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis centered on PARVB. We probed its aberrant expression and prognostic implications, and assessed correlations between PARVB expression and immunocyte infiltration. This expression was subsequently corroborated using clinical samples. Both in vitro and in vivo, we discerned the functional ramifications of PARVB on melanoma. Furthermore, we scrutinized how HIF-1α/2α modulates PARVB and initiated a preliminary investigation into potential downstream pathways influenced by PARVB. Our results illuminate that elevated PARVB expression manifests across various tumors and significantly influences the prognosis of multiple cancers, emphasizing its peculiar expression and prognostic relevance in melanoma. Augmented PARVB levels were inversely proportional to immunocyte penetration in melanoma. Silencing PARVB curtailed cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and decelerated tumor expansion in vivo. Notably, hypoxic conditions, triggering HIF-1α/2α activation, appear to elevate PARVB expression by anchoring to the hypoxia-specific responsive element within the PARVB promoter. Enhanced PARVB levels seem intertwined with the activation of cellular proliferation circuits and the damping of inflammatory trajectories. Collectively, these revelations posit PARVB as a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic linchpin for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yifeng Bi
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Chenglong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; Department of Orthopedics, Naval Medical Center of CPLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Haifeng Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
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9
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Zhang Q, Pavlinov I, Ye Y, Zheng W. Therapeutic development targeting host heparan sulfate proteoglycan in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1364657. [PMID: 38618194 PMCID: PMC11014733 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1364657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an urgent need for effective therapeutic options. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The virus is known to enter host cells by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, and emerging evidence suggests that heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play a crucial role in facilitating this process. HSPGs are abundant cell surface proteoglycan present in many tissues, including the lung, and have been shown to interact directly with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the role of HSPGs in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the potential of developing new therapies targeting HSPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ivan Pavlinov
- Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yihong Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Wei Zheng
- Therapeutic Development Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Spijkers-Shaw S, Devlin R, Shields NJ, Feng X, Peck T, Lenihan-Geels G, Davis C, Young SL, La Flamme AC, Zubkova OV. Synthesis and Detection of BODIPY-, Biotin-, and 19 F- Labeled Single-Entity Dendritic Heparan Sulfate Mimetics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316791. [PMID: 38308859 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) are naturally occurring mammalian glycosaminoglycans, and their synthetic and semi-synthetic mimetics have attracted significant interest as potential therapeutics. However, understanding the mechanism of action by which HS, heparin, and HS mimetics have a biological effect is difficult due to their highly charged nature, broad protein interactomes, and variable structures. To address this, a library of novel single-entity dendritic mimetics conjugated to BODIPY, Fluorine-19 (19 F), and biotin was synthesized for imaging and localization studies. The novel dendritic scaffold allowed for the conjugation of labeling moieties without reducing the number of sulfated capping groups, thereby better mimicking the multivalent nature of HS-protein interactions. The 19 F labeled mimetics were assessed in phantom studies and were detected at concentrations as low as 5 mM. Flow cytometric studies using a fluorescently labeled mimetic showed that the compound associated with immune cells from tumors more readily than splenic counterparts and was directed to endosomal-lysosomal compartments within immune cells and cancer cells. Furthermore, the fluorescently labeled mimetic entered the central nervous system and was detectable in brain-infiltrating immune cells 24 hours after treatment. Here, we report the enabling methodology for rapidly preparing various labeled HS mimetics and molecular probes with diverse potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Spijkers-Shaw
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Gracefield Research Centre, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States
| | - Rory Devlin
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Gracefield Research Centre, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas J Shields
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiang Feng
- MR Solutions Ltd., Guildford, Surrey, GU3 1LR, UK
- Sydney Imaging, Core Research Facility, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tessa Peck
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Georgia Lenihan-Geels
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Connor Davis
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Sarah L Young
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anne C La Flamme
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Olga V Zubkova
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Gracefield Research Centre, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
- Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn Parade, Wellington, New Zealand
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11
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Carvalho APAD, Értola R, Conte-Junior CA. Nanocellulose-based platforms as a multipurpose carrier for drug and bioactive compounds: From active packaging to transdermal and anticancer applications. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123851. [PMID: 38272194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The nanocellulose has unique characteristics, such as biocompatibility, good mechanical strength, and low cytotoxicity. The nanocellulose crystalline portion is responsible for good mechanical resistance, while the amorphous portion is responsible for flexibility. Such features make it a promising candidate for multiple applications related to the modulation of substance release: targeted cancer therapy, transdermal drug delivery, and controlled-release packaging materials. Thus, in this study, we discussed nanocellulose as a multipurpose material for drug delivery and bioactive compound carriers in controlled delivery systems with varied applications in pharmaceutic fields. Herein, we focus on understanding key factors such as i) polymer-drug interactions and surface modification strategies in controlled release rates, ii) therapeutic efficacy, and iii) biocompatibility aspects. The tunable chemistry surface plays a fundamental approach limiting the quick release of active substances in drug delivery systems. Several works on a pre-clinical stage of investigation were overviewed, reporting robust evidence on nanocellulose to design bioactive compounds/drug delivery carriers based on stimuli-responsive drug release and controlled delivery systems for higher efficiency in cancer therapies, purposing target therapy and reduced side effects. Nanocellulose was also identified as a solid candidate material in active packaging for pharmaceutical products. Cellulose nanocrystals and bacterial cellulose demonstrated strong potential to overcome the challenge of controlled release profile and open novel insights in advanced active packaging materials for pharmaceutics with controlled release of antioxidant and antimicrobial substances. Moreover, the concept overview in this work might be extended in active food packaging technologies to flavor-releasing/absorbing systems or antimicrobial/antioxidant carriers for extending the shelf life of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paula Azevedo de Carvalho
- Research Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems (BioNano), Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil; Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941598, Brazil; Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20020-000, Brazil; Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil.
| | - Raphael Értola
- Research Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems (BioNano), Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil; Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941598, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Research Support Group on Nanomaterials, Polymers, and Interaction with Biosystems (BioNano), Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil; Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941598, Brazil; Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20020-000, Brazil; Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu), Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941909, Brazil
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12
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Ressler JM, Tomasich E, Hatziioannou T, Ringl H, Heller G, Silmbrod R, Gottmann L, Starzer AM, Zila N, Tschandl P, Hoeller C, Preusser M, Berghoff AS. DNA Methylation Signatures Correlate with Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Melanoma. Target Oncol 2024; 19:263-275. [PMID: 38401029 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-024-01041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation profiles have emerged as potential predictors of therapeutic response in various solid tumors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the DNA methylation profiles of patients with stage IV metastatic melanoma undergoing first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment and evaluate their correlation with a radiological response according to immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (iRECIST). METHODS A total of 81 tissue samples from 71 patients with metastatic melanoma (27 female, 44 male) were included in this study. We utilized Illumina Methylation EPIC Beadchips to retrieve their genome-wide methylation profile by interrogating >850,000 CpG sites. Clustering based on the 500 most differentially methylated genes was conducted to identify distinct methylation patterns associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor response. Results were further aligned with an independent, previously published data set. RESULTS The median progression-free survival was 8.5 months (range: 0-104.1 months), and the median overall survival was 30.6 months (range: 0-104.1 months). Objective responses were observed in 29 patients (40.8%). DNA methylation profiling revealed specific signatures that correlated with radiological response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Three distinct clusters were identified based on the methylation patterns of the 500 most differentially methylated genes. Cluster 1 (12/12) and cluster 2 (12/24) exhibited a higher proportion of responders, while cluster 3 (39/45) predominantly consisted of non-responders. In the validation data set, responders also showed more frequent hypomethylation although differences in the data sets limit the interpretation. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that DNA methylation profiling of tumor tissues might serve as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor response in patients with metastatic melanoma. Further validation studies are warranted to confirm the efficiency of DNA methylation profiling as a predictive tool in the context of immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erwin Tomasich
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Hatziioannou
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Ringl
- Wiener Gesundheitsverbund, Klinik Donaustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rita Silmbrod
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lynn Gottmann
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Nina Zila
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Biomedical Science, University of Applied Sciences FH Campus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Tschandl
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Hoeller
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Sophie Berghoff
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Singh N, Khan IA, Rashid S, Rashid S, Roy S, Kaushik K, Kumar A, Das P, Lalwani S, Gupta D, Gunjan D, Dash NR, Chauhan SS, Gupta S, Saraya A. MicroRNA Signatures for Pancreatic Cancer and Chronic Pancreatitis: Expression Profiling by NGS. Pancreas 2024; 53:e260-e267. [PMID: 38345909 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease due to the lack of early detection. Because chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients are a high-risk group for pancreatic cancer, this study aimed to assess the differential miRNA profile in pancreatic tissue of patients with CP and pancreatic cancer. METHODS MiRNAs were isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pancreatic tissue of 22 PDAC patients, 18 CP patients, and 10 normal pancreatic tissues from autopsy (C) cases and processed for next-generation sequencing. Known and novel miRNAs were identified and analyzed for differential miRNA expression, target prediction, and pathway enrichment between groups. RESULTS Among the miRNAs identified, 166 known and 17 novel miRNAs were found exclusively in PDAC tissues, while 106 known and 10 novel miRNAs were found specifically in CP tissues. The pathways targeted by PDAC-specific miRNAs and differentially expressed miRNAs between PDAC versus CP tissues and PDAC versus control tissues were the proteoglycans pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, adherens junction, and transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study resulted in a set of exclusive and differentially expressed miRNAs in PDAC and CP can be assessed for their diagnostic value. In addition, studying the role of miRNA-target gene interactions in carcinogenesis may open new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Singh
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Safoora Rashid
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Sumaira Rashid
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | - Shikha Roy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
| | | | - Amit Kumar
- ICMR AIIMS Computational Genomics Centre
| | | | | | - Dinesh Gupta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
| | - Deepak Gunjan
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences
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14
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Li X, Ning R, Xiao B, Meng S, Sun H, Fan X, Li S. A multi-variable predictive warning model for cervical cancer using clinical and SNPs data. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1294230. [PMID: 38455474 PMCID: PMC10918689 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1294230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among female worldwide. Early detection and intervention are essential. This study aims to construct an early predictive warning model for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions utilizing clinical data and simple nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Methods Clinical data and germline SNPs were collected from 472 participants. Univariate logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), and stepwise regression were performed to screen variables. Logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) and neural network(NN) were applied to establish models. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the models' efficiencies. The performance of models was validated using decision curve analysis (DCA). Results The LR model, which included 6 SNPs and 2 clinical variables as independent risk factors for cervical carcinogenesis, was ultimately chosen as the most optimal model. The DCA showed that the LR model had a good clinical application. Discussion The predictive model effectively foresees cervical cancer risk using clinical and SNP data, aiding in planning timely interventions. It provides a transparent tool for refining clinical decisions in cervical cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoqi Ning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Silu Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiying Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinran Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Ji YZ, Jia LL, Liu SR. Inflammation and epigenetics of sporotrichosis disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:193-198. [PMID: 36990829 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Sporotrichosis, a fungal disease, is caused by exposure to soil that harbors Sporothrix schenckii or through inhalation of fungal spores. Skin is the most frequently exposed organ making sporotrichosis a primarily dermal disease. Many described reports in the literature suggest a connection of sporotrichosis with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with some connection between initial sporotrichosis diagnosis and treatment followed by development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma at the very site. Conversely, there is also evidence for sporotrichosis subsequent to skin cancer diagnosis, even after cancer chemotherapy, which points towards weakening of immune response by cancer chemotherapy leading to attack and infection by Sporothrix schenckii. We also propose and focus on inflammation as the connection between sporotrichosis, cancer and even the metastatic spread of cancer. Inflammation-associated IL-6, IFN-γ, natural killer cells and M2-macrophages possibly mechanistically link sporotrichosis with cancer, particularly cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. These inflammation related factors/cells are regulated epigenetically raising the possibility of epigenetic regulation of sporotrichosis, which has not been described yet in the available literature. Clinical management of inflammation may thus be effective strategy not just against sporotrichosis but also the related onset of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and possibly its metastasis to lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhi Ji
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li-Li Jia
- Department of Dermatology, FAW General Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Shi-Rui Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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16
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Major G, Simcock J, Kumar A, Kleffmann T, Woodfield TBF, Lim KS. Comprehensive Matrisome Profiling of Human Adipose Tissue for Soft Tissue Reconstruction. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300448. [PMID: 37953659 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
For effective translation of research from tissue engineering and regenerative medicine domains, the cell-instructive extracellular matrix (ECM) of specific tissues must be accurately realized. As adipose tissue is gaining traction as a biomaterial for soft tissue reconstruction, with highly variable clinical outcomes obtained, a quantitative investigation of the adipose tissue matrisome is overdue. In this study, the human adipose tissue matrisome is profiled using quantitative sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra - mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) proteomics across a cohort of 13 fat-grafting patients, to provide characterization of ECM proteins within the tissue, and to understand human population variation. There are considerable differences in the expression of matrisome proteins across the patient cohort, with age and lipoaspirate collection technique contributing to the greatest variation across the core matrisome. A high abundance of basement membrane proteins (collagen IV and heparan sulfate proteoglycan) is detected, as well as fibrillar collagens I and II, reflecting the hierarchical structure of the tissue. This study provides a comprehensive proteomic evaluation of the adipose tissue matrisome and contributes to an enhanced understanding of the influence of the matrisome in adipose-related pathologies by providing a healthy reference cohort and details an experimental pipeline that can be further exploited for future biomaterial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretel Major
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy Simcock
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Centre for Protein Research, Research Infrastructure Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Torsten Kleffmann
- Centre for Protein Research, Research Infrastructure Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- Light-Activated Biomaterials Group, School of Medical Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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17
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Ebrahimnia M, Alavi S, Vaezi H, Karamat Iradmousa M, Haeri A. Exploring the vast potentials and probable limitations of novel and nanostructured implantable drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. EXCLI JOURNAL 2024; 23:143-179. [PMID: 38487087 PMCID: PMC10938236 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Conventional cancer chemotherapy regimens, albeit successful to some extent, suffer from some significant drawbacks, such as high-dose requirements, limited bioavailability, low therapeutic indices, emergence of multiple drug resistance, off-target distribution, and adverse effects. The main goal of developing implantable drug delivery systems (IDDS) is to address these challenges and maintain anti-cancer drugs directly at the intended sites of therapeutic action while minimizing inevitable side effects. IDDS possess numerous advantages over conventional drug delivery, including controlled drug release patterns, one-time drug administration, as well as loading and stabilizing poorly water-soluble chemotherapy drugs. Here, we summarized conventional and novel (three-dimensional (3D) printing and microfluidic) preparation techniques of different IDDS, including nanofibers, films, hydrogels, wafers, sponges, and osmotic pumps. These systems could be designed with high biocompatibility and biodegradability features using a wide variety of natural and synthetic polymers. We also reviewed the published data on these systems in cancer therapy with a particular focus on their release behavior. Various release profiles could be attained in IDDS, which enable predictable, adjustable, and sustained drug releases. Furthermore, multi-step or stimuli-responsive drug release could be obtained in these systems. The studies mentioned in this article have proven the effectiveness of IDDS for treating different cancer types with high prevalence, including breast cancer, and aggressive cancer types, such as glioblastoma and liver cancer. Additionally, the challenges in applying IDDS for efficacious cancer therapy and their potential future developments are also discussed. Considering the high potential of IDDS for further advancements, such as programmable release and degradation features, further clinical trials are needed to ensure their efficiency. The overall goal of this review is to expand our understanding of the behavior of commonly investigated IDDS and to identify the barriers that should be addressed in the pursuit of more efficient therapies for cancer. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ebrahimnia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sonia Alavi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hamed Vaezi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Karamat Iradmousa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Haeri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Thirumoorthy G, Balasubramanian B, George JA, Nizam A, Nagella P, Srinatha N, Pappuswamy M, Alanazi AM, Meyyazhagan A, Rengasamy KRR, Veerappa Lakshmaiah V. Phytofabricated bimetallic synthesis of silver-copper nanoparticles using Aerva lanata extract to evaluate their potential cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1270. [PMID: 38218918 PMCID: PMC10787839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the green synthesis of bimetallic silver-copper nanoparticles (Ag-Cu NPs) using Aerva lanata plant extract. These NPs possess diverse biological properties, including in vitro antioxidant, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities. The synthesis involves the reduction of silver nitrate and copper oxide salts mediated by the plant extract, resulting in the formation of crystalline Ag-Cu NPs with a face-centered cubic structure. Characterization techniques confirm the presence of functional groups from the plant extract, acting as stabilizing and reducing agents. The synthesized NPs exhibit uniform-sized spherical morphology ranging from 7 to 12 nm. They demonstrate significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, inhibiting extracellular polysaccharide secretion in a dose-dependent manner. The Ag-Cu NPs also exhibit potent cytotoxic activity against cancerous HeLa cell lines, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 17.63 µg mL-1. Additionally, they demonstrate strong antioxidant potential, including reducing capability and H2O2 radical scavenging activity, particularly at high concentrations (240 µg mL-1). Overall, these results emphasize the potential of A. lanata plant metabolite-driven NPs as effective agents against infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopishankar Thirumoorthy
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | | | - Jincy A George
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Aatika Nizam
- Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Praveen Nagella
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - N Srinatha
- Department of Physics, RV Institute of Technology and Management, Bengaluru, 560 076, India
| | - Manikantan Pappuswamy
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Amer M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Meyyazhagan
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Rd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India.
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
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19
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Desai SA, Patel VP, Bhosle KP, Nagare SD, Thombare KC. The tumor microenvironment: shaping cancer progression and treatment response. J Chemother 2024:1-30. [PMID: 38179655 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2300224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression and treatment response. It comprises a complex network of stromal cells, immune cells, extracellular matrix, and blood vessels, all of which interact with cancer cells and influence tumor behaviour. This review article provides an in-depth examination of the TME, focusing on stromal cells, blood vessels, signaling molecules, and ECM, along with commonly available therapeutic compounds that target these components. Moreover, we explore the TME as a novel strategy for discovering new anti-tumor drugs. The dynamic and adaptive nature of the TME offers opportunities for targeting specific cellular interactions and signaling pathways. We discuss emerging approaches, such as combination therapies that simultaneously target cancer cells and modulate the TME. Finally, we address the challenges and future prospects in targeting the TME. Overcoming drug resistance, improving drug delivery, and identifying new therapeutic targets within the TME are among the challenges discussed. We also highlight the potential of personalized medicine and the integration of emerging technologies, such as immunotherapy and nanotechnology, in TME-targeted therapies. This comprehensive review provides insights into the TME and its therapeutic implications. Understanding the TME's complexity and targeting its components offer promising avenues for the development of novel anti-tumor therapies and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharav A Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Kopargaon, India
| | - Vipul P Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Kopargaon, India
| | - Kunal P Bhosle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Kopargaon, India
| | - Sandip D Nagare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Kopargaon, India
| | - Kirti C Thombare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Kopargaon, India
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20
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Vastrad SJ, Ritesh G, V SS, Saraswathy GR, Augustine D, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Halawani IF, Ashi H, Alshahrani M, Hassan RN, Baeshen HA, Saravanan KS, Satish KS, Vutukuru P, Patil S. Panoramic view of key cross-talks underpinning the oral squamous cell carcinoma stemness - unearthing the future opportunities. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1247399. [PMID: 38170015 PMCID: PMC10759990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1247399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical management of oral cancer is often frequented with challenges that arise from relapse, recurrence, invasion and resistance towards the cornerstone chemo and radiation therapies. The recent conceptual advancement in oncology has substantiated the role of cancer stem cells (CSC) as a predominant player of these intricacies. CSC are a sub-group of tumor population with inherent adroitness to self-renew with high plasticity. During tumor evolution, the structural and functional reprogramming persuades the cancer cells to acquire stem-cell like properties, thus presenting them with higher survival abilities and treatment resistance. An appraisal on key features that govern the stemness is of prime importance to confront the current challenges encountered in oral cancer. The nurturing niche of CSC for maintaining its stemness characteristics is thought to be modulated by complex multi-layered components encompassing neoplastic cells, extracellular matrix, acellular components, circulatory vessels, various cascading signaling molecules and stromal cells. This review focuses on recapitulating both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that impart the stemness. There are contemplating evidences that demonstrate the role of transcription factors (TF) in sustaining the neoplastic stem cell's pluripotency and plasticity alongside the miRNA in regulation of crucial genes involved in the transformation of normal oral mucosa to malignancy. This review illustrates the interplay between miRNA and various known TF of oral cancer such as c-Myc, SOX, STAT, NANOG and OCT in orchestrating the stemness and resistance features. Further, the cross-talks involved in tumor micro-environment inclusive of cytokines, macrophages, extra cellular matrix, angiogenesis leading pathways and influential factors of hypoxia on tumorigenesis and CSC survival have been elucidated. Finally, external factorial influence of oral microbiome gained due to the dysbiosis is also emphasized. There are growing confirmations of the possible roles of microbiomes in the progression of oral cancer. Given this, an attempt has been made to explore the potential links including EMT and signaling pathways towards resistance and stemness. This review provides a spectrum of understanding on stemness and progression of oral cancers at various regulatory levels along with their current therapeutic knowledge. These mechanisms could be exploited for future research to expand potential treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soujanya J. Vastrad
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Giri Ritesh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sowmya S. V
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Dominic Augustine
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim F. Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Haematology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, AI Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Ashi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshahrani
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Nabil Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences (Genome), Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kshreeraja S. Satish
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pravallika Vutukuru
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
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21
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Ismail SIA, Helmy ET, Abdel Aziz AM, Shibel PEE. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Perlecan (Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycan 2) Expression in Invasive Female Breast Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:4277-4283. [PMID: 38156864 PMCID: PMC10909087 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.12.4277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest type of female cancer worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Perlecan expression increases in aggressive breast cancers, pointing to a possible significance of this novel target therapy. Consequently, the current research investigates the immunohistochemical expression of Perlecan by tumor cells in female breast cancer and the correlation of such expression with the pathologic parameters of the tumors. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional investigation was carried out. Seventy-four formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast carcinoma tissue samples from patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM) or conservative breast surgery (CBS) were collected from the pathology department at Kasr El Aini Hospital. The paraffin blocks were sectioned and immunostained with Perlecan, and their expression was investigated in tumor cells and evaluated according to the H-score and classified into low and high expression. The expression was statistically correlated with the clinicopathological parameters of the cases. RESULTS Perlecan expression was low in 41 cases (55.4%) and high in 33 cases (44.6%). It showed a statistically insignificant correlation with all studied parameters, but increased Perlecan expression was directly associated with poor tumor prognostic factors including higher tumor grade, advanced T stage, N3 stage, advanced anatomic stage, high Ki-67 index, positive lymphovascular invasion and perineural invasion, luminal B molecular subtype, and HER2 over-expression. CONCLUSION Perlecan expression measured by immunohistochemical staining is associated with aggressive characteristics in breast cancer, suggesting that Perlecan may help in cancer progression and can be investigated as a possible target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Engy Talaat Helmy
- Department of Pathology , Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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22
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Santos NRM, de Oliveira WF, Cabrera MP, Bezerra Filho CM, Patriota LLS, Napoleão TH, Paiva PMG, Oliva MLV, Cabral Filho PE, Fontes A, Correia MTS. A fluorescent quantum dot conjugate to probe the interaction of Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor with cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126453. [PMID: 37619683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Serine proteases play crucial biological roles and have their activity controlled by inhibitors, such as the EcTI, a serine protease inhibitor purified from Enterolobium contortisiliquum seeds, which has anticancer activity. This study aimed to conjugate EcTI with quantum dots (QDs), fluorophores with outstanding optical properties, and investigate the interaction of QDs-EcTI nanoprobe with cancer cells. The conjugation was evaluated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and fluorescence microplate assay (FMA). EcTI inhibitory activity after interaction with QDs was also analyzed. From FCS, the conjugate presented a hydrodynamic diameter about 4× greater than bare QDs, suggesting a successful conjugation. This was supported by FMA, which showed a relative fluorescence intensity of ca. 3815% for the nanosystem, concerning bare QDs or EcTI alone. The EcTI inhibitory activity remained intact after its interaction with QDs. From flow cytometry analyses, approximately 62% of MDA-MB-231 and 90% of HeLa cells were labeled with the QD-EcTI conjugate, suggesting that their membranes have different protease levels to which EcTI exhibits an affinity. Concluding, the QD-EcTI represents a valuable nanotool to study the interaction of this inhibitor with cancer cells using fluorescence-based techniques with the potential to unravel the intricate dynamics of interplays between proteases and inhibitors in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália R M Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Weslley F de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Cabrera
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Clovis M Bezerra Filho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil; Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Ambientais e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50050-900, Brazil
| | - Leydianne L S Patriota
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago H Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M G Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza V Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Cabral Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Maria T S Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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23
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Nersesian S, Carter EB, Lee SN, Westhaver LP, Boudreau JE. Killer instincts: natural killer cells as multifactorial cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1269614. [PMID: 38090565 PMCID: PMC10715270 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1269614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells integrate heterogeneous signals for activation and inhibition using germline-encoded receptors. These receptors are stochastically co-expressed, and their concurrent engagement and signaling can adjust the sensitivity of individual cells to putative targets. Against cancers, which mutate and evolve under therapeutic and immunologic pressure, the diversity for recognition provided by NK cells may be key to comprehensive cancer control. NK cells are already being trialled as adoptive cell therapy and targets for immunotherapeutic agents. However, strategies to leverage their naturally occurring diversity and agility have not yet been developed. In this review, we discuss the receptors and signaling pathways through which signals for activation or inhibition are generated in NK cells, focusing on their roles in cancer and potential as targets for immunotherapies. Finally, we consider the impacts of receptor co-expression and the potential to engage multiple pathways of NK cell reactivity to maximize the scope and strength of antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nersesian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Emily B. Carter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Stacey N. Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Jeanette E. Boudreau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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24
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Battaglia AM, Sacco A, Vecchio E, Scicchitano S, Petriaggi L, Giorgio E, Bulotta S, Levi S, Faniello CM, Biamonte F, Costanzo F. Iron affects the sphere-forming ability of ovarian cancer cells in non-adherent culture conditions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1272667. [PMID: 38033861 PMCID: PMC10682100 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1272667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the first step of the metastatic cascade. It is a regulated process involving interaction between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment (TME). Iron is a key micronutrient within the TME. Here, we explored the role of iron in the ability of ovarian cancer cells to successfully detach from the ECM. Methods: HEY and PEO1 ovarian cancer cells were grown in 3D conditions. To mimic an iron rich TME, culture media were supplemented with 100 μM Fe3+. Cell mortality was evaluated by cytofluorimetric assay. The invasive potential of tumor spheroids was performed in Matrigel and documented with images and time-lapses. Iron metabolism was assessed by analyzing the expression of CD71 and FtH1, and by quantifying the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP) through Calcein-AM cytofluorimetric assay. Ferroptosis was assessed by quantifying mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation through MitoSOX and BODIPY-C11 cytofluorimetric assays, respectively. Ferroptosis markers GPX4 and VDAC2 were measured by Western blot. FtH1 knockdown was performed by using siRNA. Results: To generate spheroids, HEY and PEO1 cells prevent LIP accumulation by upregulating FtH1. 3D HEY moderately increases FtH1, and LIP is only slightly reduced. 3D PEO1upregulate FtH1 and LIP results significantly diminished. HEY tumor spheroids prevent iron import downregulating CD71, while PEO1 cells strongly enhance it. Intracellular ROS drop down during the 2D to 3D transition in both cell lines, but more significantly in PEO1 cells. Upon iron supplementation, PEO1 cells continue to enhance CD71 and FtH1 without accumulating the LIP and ROS and do not undergo ferroptosis. HEY, instead, accumulate LIP, undergo ferroptosis and attenuate their sphere-forming ability and invasiveness. FtH1 knockdown significantly reduces the generation of PEO1 tumor spheroids, although without sensitizing them to ferroptosis. Discussion: Iron metabolism reprogramming is a key event in the tumor spheroid generation of ovarian cancer cells. An iron-rich environment impairs the sphere-forming ability and causes cell death only in ferroptosis sensitive cells. A better understanding of ferroptosis sensitivity could be useful to develop effective treatments to kill ECM-detached ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martina Battaglia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sacco
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eleonora Vecchio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Scicchitano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lavinia Petriaggi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuele Giorgio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Bulotta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sonia Levi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Concetta Maria Faniello
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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25
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Maruyama S, Yamazaki M, Abé T, Cheng J, Saku T, Tanuma JI. Hypoxia-Induced Biosynthesis of the Extracellular Matrix Molecules, Perlecan and Fibronectin, Promotes the Growth of Pleomorphic Adenoma Cells In Vitro Models. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2981. [PMID: 38001981 PMCID: PMC10669301 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary pleomorphic adenoma is histopathologically characterized by its colorful stroma with myxoid, chondroid, and hyaline appearances, due to enhanced biosynthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and poor vascularity. Thus, pleomorphic adenoma cells embedded in the stroma typically survive under hypoxic conditions. We determined the expression kinetics of ECM molecules, such as perlecan and fibronectin (FN), under hypoxia in SM-AP1 cells which are duct epithelial differentiated cells, and in SM-AP4 cells, which are myoepithelial differentiated cells, cloned from pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. We investigated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-inducing pathways through a variety of ECM molecules in association with their cellular proliferation and migration. We observed that hypoxic conditions with elevated HIF-1α protein levels induced increased expression of perlecan and FN in SM-AP cells than in controls. Moreover, perlecan and FN knockdown reduced the proliferation of SM-AP1 and SM-AP4 cells under hypoxia. Further, SM-AP1 cell migration was enhanced by both perlecan and FN knockdown, whereas SM-AP4 cell migration was increased by perlecan knockdown and inhibited by fibronectin knockdown. The results indicated that pleomorphic adenoma cells can survive under hypoxic conditions by promoting cell proliferation via enhanced synthesis of ECM molecules. Overall, ECM molecules may be a new anti-tumor target under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Maruyama
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, 1-754 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8520, Japan
| | - Manabu Yamazaki
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkoucho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan (T.A.); (J.-i.T.)
| | - Tatsuya Abé
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkoucho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan (T.A.); (J.-i.T.)
| | - Jun Cheng
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkoucho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan (T.A.); (J.-i.T.)
| | - Takashi Saku
- PCL Fukuoka Pathology Cytology Center, 4-11-32 Yoshizuka, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka 812-0041, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Tanuma
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Faculty of Dentistry & Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkoucho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan (T.A.); (J.-i.T.)
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26
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Zhang H, Yue X, Chen Z, Liu C, Wu W, Zhang N, Liu Z, Yang L, Jiang Q, Cheng Q, Luo P, Liu G. Define cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment: new opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and advances in clinical trials. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:159. [PMID: 37784082 PMCID: PMC10544417 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite centuries since the discovery and study of cancer, cancer is still a lethal and intractable health issue worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained much attention as a pivotal component of the tumor microenvironment. The versatility and sophisticated mechanisms of CAFs in facilitating cancer progression have been elucidated extensively, including promoting cancer angiogenesis and metastasis, inducing drug resistance, reshaping the extracellular matrix, and developing an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Owing to their robust tumor-promoting function, CAFs are considered a promising target for oncotherapy. However, CAFs are a highly heterogeneous group of cells. Some subpopulations exert an inhibitory role in tumor growth, which implies that CAF-targeting approaches must be more precise and individualized. This review comprehensively summarize the origin, phenotypical, and functional heterogeneity of CAFs. More importantly, we underscore advances in strategies and clinical trials to target CAF in various cancers, and we also summarize progressions of CAF in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinghai Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Zhuzhou, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Wantao Wu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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27
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Farrugia BL, Melrose J. The Glycosaminoglycan Side Chains and Modular Core Proteins of Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and the Varied Ways They Provide Tissue Protection by Regulating Physiological Processes and Cellular Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14101. [PMID: 37762403 PMCID: PMC10531531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the roles of HS-proteoglycans (HS-PGs) in general, and, in particular, perlecan and syndecan as representative examples and their interactive ligands, which regulate physiological processes and cellular behavior in health and disease. HS-PGs are essential for the functional properties of tissues both in development and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that occurs in response to trauma or disease. HS-PGs interact with a biodiverse range of chemokines, chemokine receptors, protease inhibitors, and growth factors in immune regulation, inflammation, ECM stabilization, and tissue protection. Some cell regulatory proteoglycan receptors are dually modified hybrid HS/CS proteoglycans (betaglycan, CD47). Neurexins provide synaptic stabilization, plasticity, and specificity of interaction, promoting neurotransduction, neurogenesis, and differentiation. Ternary complexes of glypican-1 and Robbo-Slit neuroregulatory proteins direct axonogenesis and neural network formation. Specific neurexin-neuroligin complexes stabilize synaptic interactions and neural activity. Disruption in these interactions leads to neurological deficits in disorders of functional cognitive decline. Interactions with HS-PGs also promote or inhibit tumor development. Thus, HS-PGs have complex and diverse regulatory roles in the physiological processes that regulate cellular behavior and the functional properties of normal and pathological tissues. Specialized HS-PGs, such as the neurexins, pikachurin, and Eyes-shut, provide synaptic stabilization and specificity of neural transduction and also stabilize the axenome primary cilium of phototoreceptors and ribbon synapse interactions with bipolar neurons of retinal neural networks, which are essential in ocular vision. Pikachurin and Eyes-Shut interactions with an α-dystroglycan stabilize the photoreceptor synapse. Novel regulatory roles for HS-PGs controlling cell behavior and tissue function are expected to continue to be uncovered in this fascinating class of proteoglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School (Northern), University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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Jamialahmadi H, Nazari SE, TanzadehPanah H, Saburi E, Asgharzadeh F, Khojasteh-Leylakoohi F, Alaei M, Mirahmadi M, Babaei F, Asghari SZ, Mansouri S, Khalili-Tanha G, Maftooh M, Fiuji H, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Khazaei M, Avan A. Targeting transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) using Pirfenidone, a potential repurposing therapeutic strategy in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14357. [PMID: 37658230 PMCID: PMC10474052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The modulating factors within the tumor microenvironment, for example, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), may limit the response to chemo and immunotherapy protocols in colorectal cancer (CRC). In the current study, the therapeutic potential of targeting the TGF-β pathway using Pirfenidone (PFD), a TGF-β inhibitor, either alone or in combination with five fluorouracil (5-FU) has been explored in preclinical models of CRC. The anti-proliferative and migratory effects of PFD were assessed by MTT and wound-healing assays respectively. Xenograft models were used to study the anti-tumor activity, histopathological, and side effects analysis. Targeting of TGF-β resulted in suppression of cell proliferation and migration, associated with modulation of survivin and MMP9/E-cadherin. Moreover, the PFD inhibited TGF-β induced tumor progression, fibrosis, and inflammatory response through perturbation of collagen and E-cadherin. Targeting the TGF-β pathway using PFD may increase the anti-tumor effects of 5-FU and reduce tumor development, providing a new therapeutic approach to CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Jamialahmadi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Elnaz Nazari
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid TanzadehPanah
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khojasteh-Leylakoohi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Alaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mirahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Asghari
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeide Mansouri
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mina Maftooh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq.
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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29
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Choi E, Murray B, Choi S. Biofilm and Cancer: Interactions and Future Directions for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12836. [PMID: 37629016 PMCID: PMC10454087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence supporting the significant role of bacterial biofilms in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including cancer. Biofilms are polymicrobial communities enclosed within an extracellular matrix composed of polysaccharides, proteins, extracellular DNA, and lipids. This complex matrix provides protection against antibiotics and host immune responses, enabling the microorganisms to establish persistent infections. Moreover, biofilms induce anti-inflammatory responses and metabolic changes in the host, further facilitating their survival. Many of these changes are comparable to those observed in cancer cells. This review will cover recent research on the role of bacterial biofilms in carcinogenesis, especially in colorectal (CRC) and gastric cancers, emphasizing the shared physical and chemical characteristics of biofilms and cancer. This review will also discuss the interactions between bacteria and the tumor microenvironment, which can facilitate oncogene expression and cancer progression. This information will provide insight into developing new therapies to identify and treat biofilm-associated cancers, such as utilizing bacteria as delivery vectors, using bacteria to upregulate immune function, or more selectively targeting biofilms and cancer for their shared traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euna Choi
- Department of Biology, Union University, Jackson, TN 38305, USA; (E.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Ben Murray
- Department of Biology, Union University, Jackson, TN 38305, USA; (E.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Sunga Choi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosystems, Seongnam Campus of Korea Polytechnics, Seongnam-si 13122, Republic of Korea
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Song Q, Ruiz J, Xing F, Lo HW, Craddock L, Pullikuth AK, Miller LD, Soike MH, O'Neill SS, Watabe K, Chan MD, Su J. Single-cell sequencing reveals the landscape of the human brain metastatic microenvironment. Commun Biol 2023; 6:760. [PMID: 37479733 PMCID: PMC10362065 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases is the most common intracranial tumor and account for approximately 20% of all systematic cancer cases. It is a leading cause of death in advanced-stage cancer, resulting in a five-year overall survival rate below 10%. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify effective biomarkers that can support frequent surveillance and promote efficient drug guidance in brain metastasis. Recently, the remarkable breakthroughs in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have advanced our insights into the tumor microenvironment (TME) at single-cell resolution, which offers the potential to unravel the metastasis-related cellular crosstalk and provides the potential for improving therapeutic effects mediated by multifaceted cellular interactions within TME. In this study, we have applied scRNA-seq and profiled 10,896 cells collected from five brain tumor tissue samples originating from breast and lung cancers. Our analysis reveals the presence of various intratumoral components, including tumor cells, fibroblasts, myeloid cells, stromal cells expressing neural stem cell markers, as well as minor populations of oligodendrocytes and T cells. Interestingly, distinct cellular compositions are observed across different samples, indicating the influence of diverse cellular interactions on the infiltration patterns within the TME. Importantly, we identify tumor-associated fibroblasts in both our in-house dataset and external scRNA-seq datasets. These fibroblasts exhibit high expression of type I collagen genes, dominate cell-cell interactions within the TME via the type I collagen signaling axis, and facilitate the remodeling of the TME to a collagen-I-rich extracellular matrix similar to the original TME at primary sites. Additionally, we observe M1 activation in native microglial cells and infiltrated macrophages, which may contribute to a proinflammatory TME and the upregulation of collagen type I expression in fibroblasts. Furthermore, tumor cell-specific receptors exhibit a significant association with patient survival in both brain metastasis and native glioblastoma cases. Taken together, our comprehensive analyses identify type I collagen-secreting tumor-associated fibroblasts as key mediators in metastatic brain tumors and uncover tumor receptors that are potentially associated with patient survival. These discoveries provide potential biomarkers for effective therapeutic targets and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Song
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jimmy Ruiz
- Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
- W.G. (Bill) Hefner Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, NC, USA.
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hui-Wen Lo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lou Craddock
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ashok K Pullikuth
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lance D Miller
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael H Soike
- Hazlerig-Salter Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama-Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stacey S O'Neill
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kounosuke Watabe
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael D Chan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Maldonado H, Leyton L. CSK-mediated signalling by integrins in cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1214787. [PMID: 37519303 PMCID: PMC10382208 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1214787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression and metastasis are processes heavily controlled by the integrin receptor family. Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that constitute the central components of mechanosensing complexes called focal adhesions, which connect the extracellular environment with the cell interior. Focal adhesions act as key players in cancer progression by regulating biological processes, such as cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and survival. Src family kinases (SFKs) can interplay with integrins and their downstream effectors. SFKs also integrate extracellular cues sensed by integrins and growth factor receptors (GFR), transducing them to coordinate metastasis and cell survival in cancer. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase CSK is a well-known SFK member that suppresses SFK activity by phosphorylating its specific negative regulatory loop (C-terminal Y527 residue). Consequently, CSK may play a pivotal role in tumour progression and suppression by inhibiting SFK oncogenic effects in several cancer types. Remarkably, CSK can localise near focal adhesions when SFKs are activated and even interact with focal adhesion components, such as phosphorylated FAK and Paxillin, among others, suggesting that CSK may regulate focal adhesion dynamics and structure. Even though SFK oncogenic signalling has been extensively described before, the specific role of CSK and its crosstalk with integrins in cancer progression, for example, in mechanosensing, remain veiled. Here, we review how CSK, by regulating SFKs, can regulate integrin signalling, and focus on recent discoveries of mechanotransduction. We additionally examine the cross talk of integrins and GFR as well as the membrane availability of these receptors in cancer. We also explore new pharmaceutical approaches to these signalling pathways and analyse them as future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Maldonado
- Receptor Dynamics in Cancer Laboratory, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Kalali D. The Role of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene in Tumor Development and Metastasis: A Narrative Review. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:48-53. [PMID: 37077369 PMCID: PMC10110361 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is one of the widely studied enzymes of the extracellular matrix which can degrade various matrix biomolecules. The gene coding for this enzyme has been found to be associated with various multifactorial diseases, including cancer. More specifically, the expression of MMP-9 and polymorphisms of its gene have been found to be correlated with the formation and the invasiveness of different types of cancer. Hence, the latter gene can potentially be used both as a clinical genetic marker and a possible target in anticancer therapy. The present minireview explores the role of the MMP-9 gene in the process of tumor formation, growth, and metastasis and presents an overview of the polymorphisms of the gene associated with cancer as well as its regulation mechanisms, to provide an insight into the potential clinical applications. Nevertheless, further clinical trials and research are still required to reach more valuable conclusions for the clinical implications of the recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datis Kalali
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Address for correspondence Datis Kalali Medical School, University of CyprusNicosiaCyprus
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Zhang L, Wang S, Wu GR, Yue H, Dong R, Zhang S, Yu Q, Yang P, Zhao J, Zhang H, Yu J, Yuan X, Xiong W, Yang X, Yong T, Wang CY. MBD2 facilitates tumor metastasis by mitigating DDB2 expression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:303. [PMID: 37142578 PMCID: PMC10160113 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite past extensive studies, the pathoetiologies underlying tumor metastasis remain poorly understood, which renders its treatment largely unsuccessful. The methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2), a "reader" to interpret DNA methylome-encoded information, has been noted to be involved in the development of certain types of tumors, while its exact impact on tumor metastasis remains elusive. Herein we demonstrated that patients with LUAD metastasis were highly correlated with enhanced MBD2 expression. Therefore, knockdown of MBD2 significantly attenuated the migration and invasion of LUAD cells (A549 and H1975 cell lines) coupled with attenuated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, similar results were observed in other types of tumor cells (B16F10). Mechanistically, MBD2 selectively bound to the methylated CpG DNA within the DDB2 promoter, by which MBD2 repressed DDB2 expression to promote tumor metastasis. As a result, administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes remarkably suppressed EMT along with attenuated tumor metastasis in the B16F10 tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, our study indicates that MBD2 could be a promising prognostic marker for tumor metastasis, while administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes could be a viable therapeutic approach against tumor metastasis in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Rao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Huihui Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruihan Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Huilan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Lu, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tuying Yong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China.
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Nepali PR, Kyprianou N. Anoikis in phenotypic reprogramming of the prostate tumor microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1160267. [PMID: 37091854 PMCID: PMC10113530 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1160267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in males wherein 1 in 8 men are diagnosed with this disease in their lifetime. The urgency to find novel therapeutic interventions is associated with high treatment resistance and mortality rates associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Anoikis is an apoptotic phenomenon for normal epithelial or endothelial cells that have lost their attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Tumor cells that lose their connection to the ECM can die via apoptosis or survive via anoikis resistance and thus escaping to distant organs for metastatic progression. This review discusses the recent advances made in our understanding of the signaling effectors of anoikis in prostate cancer and the approaches to translate these mechanistic insights into therapeutic benefits for reducing lethal disease outcomes (by overcoming anoikis resistance). The prostate tumor microenvironment is a highly dynamic landscape wherein the balance between androgen signaling, cell lineage changes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix interactions, actin cytoskeleton remodeling as well as metabolic changes, confer anoikis resistance and metastatic spread. Thus, these mechanisms also offer unique molecular treatment signatures, exploitation of which can prime prostate tumors to anoikis induction with a high translational significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna R. Nepali
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Panneerpandian P, Ganesan K. PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors as potential extracellular matrix modulators for targeting EMT subtype gastric tumors. Med Oncol 2023; 40:120. [PMID: 36934368 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the extracellular matrix (ECM) is considered as a promising strategy in cancer therapeutics. This study was designed to identify the potential ECM modulators for gastric cancer therapeutics. Exploration of the expression profiles of gastric tumors revealed the elevated expression of ECM genes in gastric tumor tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues with increased expression in diffuse subtype gastric tumors and specifically in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecular subtype tumors. Consensus ECM gene set was derived from the expression profiles of gastric tumors. The correlative analysis was performed between the expression pattern of the ECM gene set and the drug sensitivity pattern of a panel of drugs across gastric cancer cell lines. Negative correlation between the expression of ECM genes and sensitivity of a number of drugs targeting PI3K/mTOR signaling, chromatin histone acetylation and ABL signaling was observed. These pathways are known for their role in cell-mediated adhesion, differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. The current results reveal the possibility of using PI3K/AKT/mTOR modulators for targeted gastric cancer therapy in patients with dysregulated ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponmathi Panneerpandian
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Kumaresan Ganesan
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
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36
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Purushothaman A, Mohajeri M, Lele TP. The role of glycans in the mechanobiology of cancer. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102935. [PMID: 36693448 PMCID: PMC9930169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cancer is a genetic disease, physical changes such as stiffening of the extracellular matrix also commonly occur in cancer. Cancer cells sense and respond to extracellular matrix stiffening through the process of mechanotransduction. Cancer cell mechanotransduction can enhance cancer-promoting cell behaviors such as survival signaling, proliferation, and migration. Glycans, carbohydrate-based polymers, have recently emerged as important mediators and/or modulators of cancer cell mechanotransduction. Stiffer tumors are characterized by increased glycan content on cancer cells and their associated extracellular matrix. Here we review the role of cancer-associated glycans in coupled mechanical and biochemical alterations during cancer progression. We discuss the recent evidence on how increased expression of different glycans, in the form of glycoproteins and proteoglycans, contributes to both mechanical changes in tumors and corresponding cancer cell responses. We conclude with a summary of emerging tools that can be used to modify glycans for future studies in cancer mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Purushothaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Tanmay P Lele
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA; Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Wu Q, Chen P, Li J, Lin Z, Zhang Q, Kwok HF. Inhibition of bladder cancer growth with homoharringtonine by inactivating integrin α5/β1-FAK/Src axis: A novel strategy for drug application. Pharmacol Res 2023; 188:106654. [PMID: 36640858 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors and FGFR protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors have made a tremendous breakthrough in bladder cancer therapy. However, inadequate drug responses and drug resistance interfere with successful treatment outcomes. For a new drug to enter the market, there is a long development cycle with high costs and low success rates. Repurposing previously Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications and using novel drug discovery strategies may be an optimal approach. Homoharringtonine (HHT) has been used for hematologic malignancies for over 40 years in China and was approved by the FDA approximately 10 years ago. Many studies have demonstrated that HHT effectively inhibits the development of several types of solid tumors, although the underlying mechanisms of action are unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying HHT activity against bladder cancer growth. We first compared HTT with the drugs currently used clinically for bladder cancer treatment. HHT showed stronger inhibitory activity than cisplatin, carboplatin, and doxorubicin. Our in vitro and in vivo data demonstrated that HHT inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration, and cell adhesion of bladder cancer cells and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the nanomolar concentration range. Furthermore, we revealed that HHT treatment could downregulate the MAPK/Erk and PI3k/Akt signaling pathways by inactivating the integrin α5/β1-FAK/Src axis. HHT-induced activity reduced cell-ECM interactions and cell migration, thus suppressing tumor metastasis progression. Altogether, HHT shows enormous potential as an anticancer agent and may be applied as a combination treatment strategy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushuang Wu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Pengchen Chen
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Junnan Li
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Ziqi Lin
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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Differential Urinary Proteomic Analysis of High-Risk Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032531. [PMID: 36768853 PMCID: PMC9916937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated lesions and malignancies exhibit alterations in the composition and functionality of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that represent the complex molecular pathways present between infection and disease. A total of 20 urine samples were used, including from 10 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) and 10 healthy controls to perform the label-free quantitative analysis using the nano-HPLC and ESI-MS ion trap mass analyzer and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) fast screening. Among 476 identified/quantified proteins, 48 were significantly changed (log2-fold change ≥1.0 or ≤-1.0, -log10 (bbinominal, p-value ≥ 1.3), of which were 40 proteins (down-regulated) and 8 proteins (up-regulated) in CIN3, in comparison to healthy controls. The biological function and key pathway enrichment of the gene set using gen set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were analyzed. The ECM-receptor interaction pathway (NES = -1.64, p = 0.026) was down-regulated by 13 proteins (HSPG2, COL6A1, COL6A3, SPP1, THBS1, TNC, DAG1, FN1, COMP, GP6, VTN, SDC1, and CD44; log2 FC range from -0.03 to -1.48) for the CIN3 group in the KEGG database. The MALDI-TOF/MS screening showed the difference of protein profiles between the control and CIN3 groups, i.e., using the scatter plot with a well-separated shape, as well as effectively distinguishing both groups (control and CIN3) using genetic algorithms (GA) with cross-validation (51.56%) and recognition capability (95.0%). Decreased levels of ECM-receptor interaction proteins may cause disturbances in the interactions of cells with the ECM and play an important role in the development and progression of cervical cancer.
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Extracellular matrix and synapse formation. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:232259. [PMID: 36503961 PMCID: PMC9829651 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex molecular network distributed throughout the extracellular space of different tissues as well as the neuronal system. Previous studies have identified various ECM components that play important roles in neuronal maturation and signal transduction. ECM components are reported to be involved in neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and axonal growth by interacting or binding to specific receptors. In addition, the ECM is found to regulate synapse formation, the stability of the synaptic structure, and synaptic plasticity. Here, we mainly reviewed the effects of various ECM components on synapse formation and briefly described the related diseases caused by the abnormality of several ECM components.
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Kizhakkeppurath Kumaran A, Sahu A, Singh A, Aynikkattil Ravindran N, Sekhar Chatterjee N, Mathew S, Verma S. Proteoglycans in breast cancer, identification and characterization by LC-MS/MS assisted proteomics approach: A review. Proteomics Clin Appl 2023:e2200046. [PMID: 36598116 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proteoglycans (PGs) are negatively charged macromolecules containing a core protein and single or several glycosaminoglycan chains attached by covalent bond. They are distributed in all tissues, including extracellular matrix (ECM), cell surface, and basement membrane. They are involved in major pathways and cell signalling cascades which modulate several vital physiological functions of the body. They have also emerged as a target molecule for cancer treatment and as possible biomarkers for early cancer detection. Among cancers, breast cancer is a highly invasive and heterogenous type and has become the major cause of mortality especially among women. So, this review revisits the studies on PGs characterization in breast cancer using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics approach, which will be further helpful for identification of potential PGs-based biomarkers or therapeutic targets. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN There is a lack of comprehensive knowledge on the use of LC-MS/MS-based proteomics approaches to identify and characterize PGs in breast cancer. RESULTS LC-MS/MS assisted PGs characterization in breast cancer revealed the vital PGs in breast cancer invasion and progression. In addition, comprehensive profiling and characterization of PGs in breast cancer are efficiently carried out by this approach. CONCLUSIONS Proteomics techniques including LC-MS/MS-based identification of proteoglycans is effectively carried out in breast cancer research. Identification of expression at different stages of breast cancer is a major challenge, and LC-MS/MS-based profiling of PGs can boost novel strategies to treat breast cancer, which involve targeting PGs, and also aid early diagnosis using PGs as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankita Sahu
- Tumor Biology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Astha Singh
- Tumor Biology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nisha Aynikkattil Ravindran
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, India
| | | | - Suseela Mathew
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Saurabh Verma
- Tumor Biology Lab, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
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Setting the stage for universal pharmacological targeting of the glycocalyx. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2023; 91:61-88. [PMID: 37080681 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
All cells in the human body are covered by a complex meshwork of sugars as well as proteins and lipids to which these sugars are attached, collectively termed the glycocalyx. Over the past few decades, the glycocalyx has been implicated in a range of vital cellular processes in health and disease. Therefore, it has attracted considerable interest as a therapeutic target. Considering its omnipresence and its relevance for various areas of cell biology, the glycocalyx should be a versatile platform for therapeutic intervention, however, the full potential of the glycocalyx as therapeutic target is yet to unfold. This might be attributable to the fact that glycocalyx alterations are currently discussed mainly in the context of specific diseases. In this perspective review, we shift the attention away from a disease-centered view of the glycocalyx, focusing on changes in glycocalyx state. Furthermore, we survey important glycocalyx-targeted drugs currently available and finally discuss future steps. We hope that this approach will inspire a unified, holistic view of the glycocalyx in disease, helping to stimulate novel glycocalyx-targeted therapy strategies.
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Mekhileri NV, Major G, Lim K, Mutreja I, Chitcholtan K, Phillips E, Hooper G, Woodfield T. Biofabrication of Modular Spheroids as Tumor-Scale Microenvironments for Drug Screening. Adv Healthc Mater 2022:e2201581. [PMID: 36495232 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To streamline the drug discovery pipeline, there is a pressing need for preclinical models which replicate the complexity and scale of native tumors. While there have been advancements in the formation of microscale tumor units, these models are cell-line dependent, time-consuming and have not improved clinical trial success rates. In this study, two methods for generating 3D tumor microenvironments are compared, rapidly fabricated hydrogel microspheres and traditional cell-dense spheroids. These modules are then bioassembled into 3D printed thermoplastic scaffolds, using an automated biofabrication process, to form tumor-scale models. Modules are formed with SKOV3 and HFF cells as monocultures and cocultures, and the fabrication efficiency, cell architecture, and drug response profiles are characterized, both as single modules and as multimodular constructs. Cell-encapsulated Gel-MA microspheres are fabricated with high-reproducibility and dimensions necessary for automated tumor-scale bioassembly regardless of cell type, however, only cocultured spheroids form compact modules suitable for bioassembly. Chemosensitivity assays demonstrate the reduced potency of doxorubicin in coculture bioassembled constructs and a ≈five-fold increase in drug resistance of cocultured cells in 3D modules compared with 2D monolayers. This bioassembly system is efficient and tailorable so that a variety of relevant-sized tumor constructs could be developed to study tumorigenesis and modernize drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Vijayan Mekhileri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Gretel Major
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Khoon Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Isha Mutreja
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Kenny Chitcholtan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Elisabeth Phillips
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Gary Hooper
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Tim Woodfield
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Canterbury, 8011, New Zealand
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Chen X, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang J, Wang J, Jin X, Ma Y. CSP I-plus modified rEndostatin inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via down-regulation of VEGFA and integrinβ1. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1200. [PMID: 36419008 PMCID: PMC9682839 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our previous study, N end of the Circumsporozoite protein (CSP I-plus) modified recombinant human Endostatin (rEndostatin, endostar) (rES-CSP) was constructed, which had antiangiogenic capability and bound to hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo and in vitro. In this study, the inhibition of rES-CSP on hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis was verified in vivo and in vitro, and its possible mechanism was explored. METHODS Firstly, the impact of rES-CSP on the migration, adhesion of hepatoma cell HCCLM3 was identified by wound healing, transwell, and on metastasis of orthotopic xenograft model was identified in nude mouse. Then the expression of metastasis-associated molecules (MMP2, E-cadherin, integrinβ1) and angiogenesis-related factors (VEGFA) in vitro and in vivo were detected by real-time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Finally, we found that rES-CSP could inhibit the migration and invasion of HCCLM3, and decrease tumor metastasis and growth in nude mouse orthotopic xenograft models. The tumor inhibiting rates of rES-CSP and Endostar were 42.46 ± 5.39% and 11.1 ± 1.88%. The lung metastasis rates of the control, Endostar and rES-CSP were 71, 50, and 42.8%, respectively. Compared with Endostar, rES-CSP significantly down-regulated the expression of VEGFA and integrinβ1. Heparin, a competitive inhibitor of CSP I-plus, which can be bind to the highly-sulfated heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) over-expressed in liver and hepatocellular carcinoma, alleviated the down-regulation of VEGFA and integrinβ1. CONCLUSIONS These indicate that rES-CSP may play a role in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis by down-regulating the angiogenic factor VEGF and the metastasis-related molecules or by interfering with HSPGs-mediated tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Chen
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yan Wang
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Zhongshan Campus Laboratory Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Hancong Liu
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Jie Wang
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Xiaobao Jin
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yan Ma
- grid.411847.f0000 0004 1804 4300Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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Wang Q, Chi L. The Alterations and Roles of Glycosaminoglycans in Human Diseases. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225014. [PMID: 36433141 PMCID: PMC9694910 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a heterogeneous family of linear polysaccharides which are composed of a repeating disaccharide unit. They are also linked to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). GAGs/PGs are major components of the cell surface and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and they display critical roles in development, normal function, and damage response in the body. Some properties (such as expression quantity, molecular weight, and sulfation pattern) of GAGs may be altered under pathological conditions. Due to the close connection between these properties and the function of GAGs/PGs, the alterations are often associated with enormous changes in the physiological/pathological status of cells and organs. Therefore, these GAGs/PGs may serve as marker molecules of disease. This review aimed to investigate the structural alterations and roles of GAGs/PGs in a range of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and virus infection. It is hoped to provide a reference for disease diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and drug development.
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Croft W, Evans RPT, Pearce H, Elshafie M, Griffiths EA, Moss P. The single cell transcriptional landscape of esophageal adenocarcinoma and its modulation by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:200. [PMID: 36253784 PMCID: PMC9575245 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has recently proven effective in subsets of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) but little is known regarding the EAC immune microenvironment. We determined the single cell transcriptional profile of EAC in 8 patients who were treatment-naive (n = 4) or had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 4). Analysis of 52,387 cells revealed 10 major cell subsets of tumor, immune and stromal cells. Prior to chemotherapy tumors were heavy infiltrated by T regulatory cells and exhausted effector T cells whilst plasmacytoid dendritic cells were markedly expanded. Two dominant cancer-associated fibroblast populations were also observed whilst endothelial populations were suppressed. Pathological remission following chemotherapy associated with broad reversal of immune abnormalities together with fibroblast transition and an increase in endothelial cells whilst a chemoresistant epithelial stem cell population correlated with poor response. These findings reveal features that underlie and limit the response to current immunotherapy and identify a range of novel opportunities for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Croft
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard P T Evans
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hayden Pearce
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mona Elshafie
- University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ewen A Griffiths
- University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul Moss
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
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Jiang D, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xu F, Liang J, Wang W. Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic significance of Glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1012418. [PMID: 36212469 PMCID: PMC9539414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1012418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeGlypican-3 (GPC-3) expression is abnormal in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To explore whether GPC-3 has diagnostic accuracy and prognostic significance of HCC, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched with keywords “GPC-3” and “HCC” and their MeSH terms from inception to July 2022. We applied the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model and evaluated the diagnostic value of GPC-3 alone and combination, and the correlation between high and low GPC-3 expression on clinicopathological features and survival data in prognosis.ResultsForty-one original publications with 6,305 participants were included, with 25 of them providing data for diagnostic value and 18 records were eligible for providing prognostic value of GPC-3. GPC-3 alone got good diagnostic value in patients with HCC when compared with healthy control and moderate diagnostic value when compared with patients with cirrhosis. In addition, combination of GPC-3 + AFP and GPC-3 + GP73 got great diagnostic value in HCC versus cirrhosis groups; the combination of GPC-3 can also improve the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers. Moreover, we discovered that overexpression of GPC-3 was more likely found in HBV infection, late tumor stage, and microvascular invasion groups and causes shorter overall survival and disease free survival, which means poor prognosis.ConclusionGCP-3 could be used as a biomarker in HCC diagnosis and prognosis, especially in evaluated diagnostic value in combination with AFP or GP73, and in forecasting worse survival data of overexpression GPC-3Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier [CRD42022351566].
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Grand Hospital of Shuozhou, Shuozhou, China
| | - Yingshi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fu Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Grand Hospital of Shuozhou, Shuozhou, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Grand Hospital of Shuozhou, Shuozhou, China
| | - Weining Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Grand Hospital of Shuozhou, Shuozhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weining Wang,
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Hoffmann M, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Polymers Inspired by Heparin and Heparan Sulfate for Viral Targeting. Macromolecules 2022; 55:7957-7973. [PMID: 36186574 PMCID: PMC9520969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hoffmann
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Machine learning and bioinformatics to identify 8 autophagy-related biomarkers and construct gene regulatory networks in dilated cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15030. [PMID: 36056063 PMCID: PMC9440113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19027-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition of impaired ventricular remodeling and systolic diastole that is often complicated by arrhythmias and heart failure with a poor prognosis. This study attempted to identify autophagy-related genes (ARGs) with diagnostic biomarkers of DCM using machine learning and bioinformatics approaches. Differential analysis of whole gene microarray data of DCM from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was performed using the NetworkAnalyst 3.0 platform. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) matching (|log2FoldChange ≥ 0.8, p value < 0.05|) were obtained in the GSE4172 dataset by merging ARGs from the autophagy gene libraries, HADb and HAMdb, to obtain autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (AR-DEGs) in DCM. The correlation analysis of AR-DEGs and their visualization were performed using R language. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and combined multi-database pathway analysis were served by the Enrichr online enrichment analysis platform. We used machine learning to screen the diagnostic biomarkers of DCM. The transcription factors gene regulatory network was constructed by the JASPAR database of the NetworkAnalyst 3.0 platform. We also used the drug Signatures database (DSigDB) drug database of the Enrichr platform to screen the gene target drugs for DCM. Finally, we used the DisGeNET database to analyze the comorbidities associated with DCM. In the present study, we identified 23 AR-DEGs of DCM. Eight (PLEKHF1, HSPG2, HSF1, TRIM65, DICER1, VDAC1, BAD, TFEB) molecular markers of DCM were obtained by two machine learning algorithms. Transcription factors gene regulatory network was established. Finally, 10 gene-targeted drugs and complications for DCM were identified.
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Deb G, Cicala A, Papadas A, Asimakopoulos F. Matrix proteoglycans in tumor inflammation and immunity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C678-C693. [PMID: 35876288 PMCID: PMC9448345 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00023.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunoediting progresses through elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Each of these phases is characterized by breaching, remodeling, and rebuilding tissue planes and structural barriers that engage extracellular matrix (ECM) components, in particular matrix proteoglycans. Some of the signals emanating from matrix proteoglycan remodeling are readily co-opted by the growing tumor to sustain an environment of tumor-promoting and immune-suppressive inflammation. Yet other matrix-derived cues can be viewed as part of a homeostatic response by the host, aiming to eliminate the tumor and restore tissue integrity. These latter signals may be harnessed for therapeutic purposes to tip the polarity of the tumor immune milieu toward anticancer immunity. In this review, we attempt to showcase the importance and complexity of matrix proteoglycan signaling in both cancer-restraining and cancer-promoting inflammation. We propose that the era of matrix diagnostics and therapeutics for cancer is fast approaching the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Deb
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander Cicala
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Athanasios Papadas
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
| | - Fotis Asimakopoulos
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California
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DNA methylome and single-cell transcriptome analyses reveal CDA as a potential druggable target for ALK inhibitor-resistant lung cancer therapy. EXPERIMENTAL & MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 54:1236-1249. [PMID: 35999456 PMCID: PMC9440127 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to inhibitors of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a major clinical challenge for ALK fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the absence of secondary ALK mutations, epigenetic reprogramming is one of the main mechanisms of drug resistance, as it leads to phenotype switching that occurs during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although drug-induced epigenetic reprogramming is believed to alter the sensitivity of cancer cells to anticancer treatments, there is still much to learn about overcoming drug resistance. In this study, we used an in vitro model of ceritinib-resistant NSCLC and employed genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in combination with single-cell (sc) RNA-seq to identify cytidine deaminase (CDA), a pyrimidine salvage pathway enzyme, as a candidate drug target. CDA was hypomethylated and upregulated in ceritinib-resistant cells. CDA-overexpressing cells were rarely but definitively detected in the naïve cell population by scRNA-seq, and their abundance was increased in the acquired-resistance population. Knockdown of CDA had antiproliferative effects on resistant cells and reversed the EMT phenotype. Treatment with epigenome-related nucleosides such as 5-formyl-2'-deoxycytidine selectively ablated CDA-overexpressing resistant cells via accumulation of DNA damage. Collectively, our data suggest that targeting CDA metabolism using epigenome-related nucleosides represents a potential new therapeutic strategy for overcoming ALK inhibitor resistance in NSCLC.
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