1
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Liu L, Yang M, Chen Z. Surface functionalized nanomaterial systems for targeted therapy of endocrine related tumors: a review of recent advancements. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2390022. [PMID: 39138394 PMCID: PMC11328606 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2024.2390022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of multidisciplinary techniques in the management of endocrine-related cancers is crucial for harnessing the advantages of multiple disciplines and their coordinated efforts in eliminating tumors. Due to the malignant characteristics of cancer cells, they possess the capacity to develop resistance to traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, despite diligent endeavors to enhance the prediction of outcomes, the overall survival rate for individuals afflicted with endocrine-related malignancy remains quite miserable. Hence, it is imperative to investigate innovative therapy strategies. The latest advancements in therapeutic tactics have offered novel approaches for the therapy of various endocrine tumors. This paper examines the advancements in nano-drug delivery techniques and the utilization of nanomaterials for precise cancer cures through targeted therapy. This review provides a thorough analysis of the potential of combined drug delivery strategies in the treatment of thyroid cancer, adrenal gland tumors, and pancreatic cancer. The objective of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of current therapeutic approaches, stimulate the development of new drug DDS, and improve the effectiveness of treatment for patients with these diseases. The intracellular uptake of pharmaceuticals into cancer cells can be significantly improved through the implantation of synthetic or natural substances into nanoparticles, resulting in a substantial reduction in the development of endocrine malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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2
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Singh R, Yadav D, Ingole PG, Ahn YH. Magnetic engineering nanoparticles: Versatile tools revolutionizing biomedical applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 163:213948. [PMID: 38959651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles has increased significantly over the past few years in a number of fields, including diagnostics, biomedicine, environmental remediation, and water treatment, generating public interest. Among various types of nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as an essential tool for biomedical applications due to their distinct physicochemical properties compared to other nanoparticles. This review article focuses on the recent growth of MNPs and comprehensively reviews the advantages, multifunctional approaches, biomedical applications, and latest research on MNPs employed in various biomedical techniques. Biomedical applications of MNPs hold on to their ability to rapidly switch magnetic states under an external field at room temperature. Ideally, these MNPs should be highly susceptible to magnetization when the field is applied and then lose that magnetization just as quickly once the field is removed. This unique property allows MNPs to generate heat when exposed to high-frequency magnetic fields, making them valuable tools in developing treatments for hyperthermia and other heat-related illnesses. This review underscores the role of MNPs as tools that hold immense promise in transforming various aspects of healthcare, from diagnostics and imaging to therapeutic treatments, with discussion on a wide range of peer-reviewed articles published on the subject. At the conclusion of this work, challenges and potential future advances of MNPs in the biomedical field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randeep Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Diksha Yadav
- Chemical Engineering Group, Engineering Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Pravin G Ingole
- Chemical Engineering Group, Engineering Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
| | - Young-Ho Ahn
- Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Vázquez-Villar V, Das C, Swift T, Elies J, Tolosa J, García-Martínez JC, Ruiz A. Oligo(styryl)benzenes liposomal AIE-dots for bioimaging and phototherapy in an in vitro model of prostate cancer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 670:585-598. [PMID: 38776693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Whilst the development of advanced organic dots with aggregation-induced emission characteristics (AIE-dots) is being intensively studied, their clinical translation in efficient biotherapeutic devices has yet to be tackled. This study explores the synergistic interplay of oligo(styryl)benzenes (OSBs), potent fluorogens with an increased emission in the aggregate state, and Indocyanine green (ICG) as dual Near Infrared (NIR)-visible fluorescent nanovesicles with efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity for cancer treatment using photodynamic therapy (PDT). The co-loading of OSBs and ICG in different nanovesicles has been thoroughly investigated. The nanovesicles' physicochemical properties were manipulated via molecular engineering by modifying the structural properties of the lipid bilayer and the number of oligo(ethyleneoxide) chains in the OSB structure. Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR and spectrofluorometric studies revealed key differences in the structure of the vesicles and the arrangement of the OSB and ICG in the bilayer. The in vitro assessment of these OSB-ICG nanovesicles revealed that the formulations can increase the temperature and generate ROS after photoirradiation, showing for the first time their potential as dual photothermal/photodynamic (PTT/PDT) agents in the treatment of prostate cancer. Our study provides an exciting opportunity to extend the range of applications of OSB derivates to potentiate the toxicity of phototherapy in prostate and other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Vázquez-Villar
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Chandrima Das
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Swift
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Jacobo Elies
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Joaquín C García-Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Amalia Ruiz
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.
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4
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Peng X, Liu Y, Peng F, Wang T, Cheng Z, Chen Q, Li M, Xu L, Man Y, Zhang Z, Tan Y, Liu Z. Aptamer-controlled stimuli-responsive drug release. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:135353. [PMID: 39245104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Aptamers have been widely researched and applied in nanomedicine due to their programmable, activatable, and switchable properties. However, there are few reviews on aptamer-controlled stimuli-responsive drug delivery. This article highlights the mechanisms and advantages of aptamers in the construction of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems. We summarize the assembly/reconfiguration mechanisms of aptamers in controlled release systems. The assembly and drug release strategies of drug delivery systems are illustrated. Specifically, we focus on the binding mechanisms to the target, and the factors that induce/inhibit the binding to the stimuli, such as strand, pH, light, and temperature. The applications of aptamer-based stimuli-responsive drug release are elaborated. The challenges are discussed, and the future directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Feicheng Peng
- Hunan Institute for Drug Control, Changsha 410001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zhongyu Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Qiwen Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Lishang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yunqi Man
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zhirou Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yifu Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zhenbao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China; Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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5
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Neupane KR, Aryal SP, Harvey BT, Ramon GS, Chun B, McCorkle JR, Kolesar JM, Kekenes-Huskey PM, Richards CI. Organelle Specific Macrophage Engineered Vesicles Differentially Reprogram Macrophage Polarization. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401906. [PMID: 39240019 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the majority of the immune cells present in the tumor microenvironment. These macrophages exhibit an anti-inflammatory (M2)-like physiological state and execute immune-suppressive and tumor-supporting properties. With TAMs being plastic, there is a growing interest in reprogramming them toward a pro-inflammatory (M1)-like phenotype that exhibits anti-tumoral properties. Recent studies have demonstrated that both engineered vesicles derived from macrophages and endogenous extracellular vesicles produced by macrophages can be programmed to alter macrophage phenotype. Here it is demonstrated that pro-inflammatory macrophage-engineered subcellular vesicles (MEVs) have differential properties based on their organelle of origin. Endoplasmic reticulum specific MEVs (erMEVs) treated M2 macrophages exhibit enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to plasma membrane specific MEVs (pmMEVs) treated M2 macrophages. In addition, under in vitro co-culture conditions, erMEVs elicit superior efficacy in suppressing the viability of cancer cells compared to the same concentration of pmMEVs. Furthermore, erMEVs and pmMEVs maintain differences in their membrane proteins, that regulate the repolarization efficacy of M2 macrophages toward an M1-like phenotype. In addition, The M2 to M1 repolarizing efficacy of MEVs can be altered by changing the activity of the membrane proteins present on erMEVs or pmMEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaga R Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Surya P Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Brock T Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Geraldine San Ramon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Byeong Chun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60153, USA
| | - J Robert McCorkle
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Jill M Kolesar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Peter M Kekenes-Huskey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60153, USA
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6
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Porbaha P, Ansari R, Kiafar MR, Bashiry R, Khazaei MM, Dadbakhsh A, Azadi A. A Comparative Mathematical Analysis of Drug Release from Lipid-Based Nanoparticles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:208. [PMID: 39237678 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02922-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mathematical modeling of drug release from drug delivery systems is crucial for understanding and optimizing formulations. This research provides a comparative mathematical analysis of drug release from lipid-based nanoparticles. Drug release profiles from various types of lipid nanoparticles, including liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nano/micro-emulsions (NEMs/MEMs), were extracted from the literature and used to assess the suitability of eight conventional mathematical release models. For each dataset, several metrics were calculated, including the coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted R2, the number of errors below certain thresholds (5%, 10%, 12%, and 20%), Akaike information criterion (AIC), regression sum square (RSS), regression mean square (RMS), residual sum of square (rSS), and residual mean square (rMS). The Korsmeyer-Peppas model ranked highest among the evaluated models, with the highest adjusted R2 values of 0.95 for NLCs and 0.93 for other liposomal drug delivery systems. The Weibull model ranked second, with adjusted R2 values of 0.92 for liposomal systems, 0.94 for SLNs, and 0.82 for NEMs/MEMs. Thus, these two models appear to be more effective in forecasting and characterizing the release of lipid nanoparticle drugs, potentially making them more suitable for upcoming research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Porbaha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Ansari
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Rahman Bashiry
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Amir Azadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
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7
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Lai G, Malavolta M, Marcozzi S, Bigossi G, Giuliani ME, Casoli T, Balietti M. Late-onset major depressive disorder: exploring the therapeutic potential of enhancing cerebral brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression through targeted microRNA delivery. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:352. [PMID: 39227372 PMCID: PMC11371930 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02935-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe psychiatric condition that significantly impacts the overall quality of life. Although MDD can occur across all age groups, it is notably prevalent among older individuals, with the aggravating circumstance that the clinical condition is frequently overlooked and undertreated. Furthermore, older adults often encounter resistance to standard treatments, experience adverse events, and face challenges associated with polypharmacy. Given that late-life MDD is associated with heightened rates of disability and mortality, as well as imposing a significant economic and logistical burden on healthcare systems, it becomes imperative to explore novel therapeutic approaches. These could serve as either supplements to standard guidelines or alternatives for non-responsive patients, potentially enhancing the management of geriatric MDD patients. This review aims to delve into the potential of microRNAs targeting Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). In MDD, a significant decrease in both central and peripheral BDNF has been well-documented, raising implications for therapy response. Notably, BDNF appears to be a key player in the intricate interplay between microRNA-induced neuroplasticity deficits and neuroinflammation, both processes deeply implicated in the onset and progression of the disease. Special emphasis is placed on delivery methods, with a comprehensive comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of each proposed approach. Our hypothesis proposes that employing multiple microRNAs concurrently, with the ability to directly influence BDNF and activate closely associated pathways, may represent the most promising strategy. Regarding vehicles, although the perfect nanoparticle remains elusive, considering the trade-offs, liposomes emerge as the most suitable option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Lai
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Serena Marcozzi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bigossi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Giuliani
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Casoli
- Center of Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marta Balietti
- Center of Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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8
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Oldham ML, Zuhaib Qayyum M, Kalathur RC, Rock CO, Radka CD. Cryo-EM reconstruction of oleate hydratase bound to a phospholipid membrane bilayer. J Struct Biol 2024; 216:108116. [PMID: 39151742 PMCID: PMC11385989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2024.108116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Oleate hydratase (OhyA) is a bacterial peripheral membrane protein that catalyzes FAD-dependent water addition to membrane bilayer-embedded unsaturated fatty acids. The opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus uses OhyA to counteract the innate immune system and support colonization. Many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in the microbiome also encode OhyA. OhyA is a dimeric flavoenzyme whose carboxy terminus is identified as the membrane binding domain; however, understanding how OhyA binds to cellular membranes is not complete until the membrane-bound structure has been elucidated. All available OhyA structures depict the solution state of the protein outside its functional environment. Here, we employ liposomes to solve the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the functional unit: the OhyA•membrane complex. The protein maintains its structure upon membrane binding and slightly alters the curvature of the liposome surface. OhyA preferentially associates with 20-30 nm liposomes with multiple copies of OhyA dimers assembling on the liposome surface resulting in the formation of higher-order oligomers. Dimer assembly is cooperative and extends along a formed ridge of the liposome. We also solved an OhyA dimer of dimers structure that recapitulates the intermolecular interactions that stabilize the dimer assembly on the membrane bilayer as well as the crystal contacts in the lattice of the OhyA crystal structure. Our work enables visualization of the molecular trajectory of membrane binding for this important interfacial enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Oldham
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - M Zuhaib Qayyum
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Ravi C Kalathur
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Charles O Rock
- Department of Host Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Christopher D Radka
- Department of Host Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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9
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Yang S, Raza F, Li K, Qiu Y, Su J, Qiu M. Maximizing arsenic trioxide's anticancer potential: Targeted nanocarriers for solid tumor therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 241:114014. [PMID: 38850742 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has gained significant attention due to its promising therapeutic effects in treating different diseases, particularly acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Its potent anticancer mechanisms have been extensively studied. Despite the great efficacy ATO shows in fighting cancers, drawbacks in the clinical use are obvious, especially for solid tumors, which include rapid renal clearance and short half-life, severe adverse effects, and high toxicity to normal cells. Recently, the emergence of nanomedicine offers a potential solution to these limitations. The enhanced biocompatibility, excellent targeting capability, and desirable effectiveness have attracted much interest. Therefore, we summarized various nanocarriers for targeted delivery of ATO to solid tumors. We also provided detailed anticancer mechanisms of ATO in treating cancers, its clinical trials and shortcomings as well as the combination therapy of ATO and other chemotherapeutic agents for reduced drug resistance and synergistic effects. Finally, the future study direction and prospects were also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kunwei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yujiao Qiu
- The Wharton School and School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
| | - Jing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Mingfeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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10
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Skrinda-Melne M, Locs J, Grava A, Dubnika A. Calcium phosphates enhanced with liposomes - the future of bone regeneration and drug delivery. J Liposome Res 2024; 34:507-522. [PMID: 37988074 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2023.2285973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Effective healing and regeneration of various bone defects is still a major challenge and concern in modern medicine. Calcium phosphates have emerged as extensively studied bone substitute materials due to their structural and chemical resemblance to the mineral phase of bone, along with their versatile properties. Calcium phosphates present promising biological characteristics that make them suitable for bone substitution, but a critical limitation lies in their low osteoinductivity. To supplement these materials with properties that promote bone regeneration, prevent infections, and cure bone diseases locally, calcium phosphates can be biologically and therapeutically modified. A promising approach involves combining calcium phosphates with drug-containing liposomes, renowned for their high biocompatibility and ability to provide controlled and sustained drug delivery. Surprisingly, there is a lack of research focused on liposome-calcium phosphate composites, where liposomes are dispersed within a calcium phosphate matrix. This raises the question of why such studies are limited. In order to provide a comprehensive overview of existing liposome and calcium phosphate composites as bioactive substance delivery systems, the authors review the literature exploring the interactions between calcium phosphates and liposomes. Additionally, it seeks to identify potential interactions between calcium ions and liposomes, which may impact the feasibility of developing liposome-containing calcium phosphate composite materials. Liposome capacity to protect bioactive compounds and facilitate localized treatment can be particularly valuable in scenarios involving bone regeneration, infection prevention, and the management of bone diseases. This review explores the implications of liposomes and calcium phosphate material containing liposomes on drug delivery, bioavailability, and stability, offering insights into their advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marite Skrinda-Melne
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Locs
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andra Grava
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Arita Dubnika
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
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11
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Liu F, Chen Y, Huang Y, Jin Q, Ji J. Nanomaterial-based therapeutics for enhanced antifungal therapy. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39192670 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01484g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology in antifungal therapy is gaining increasing attention. Current antifungal drugs have significant limitations, such as severe side effects, low bioavailability, and the rapid development of resistance. Nanotechnology offers an innovative solution to address these issues. This review discusses three key strategies of nanotechnology to enhance antifungal efficacy. Firstly, nanomaterials can enhance their interaction with fungal cells via ingenious surface tailoring of nanomaterials. Effective adhesion of nanoparticles to fungal cells can be achieved by electrostatic interaction or specific targeting to the fungal cell wall and cell membrane. Secondly, stimuli-responsive nanomaterials are developed to realize smart release of drugs in the specific microenvironment of pathological tissues, such as the fungal biofilm microenvironment and inflammatory microenvironment. Thirdly, nanomaterials can be designed to cross different physiological barriers, effectively addressing challenges posed by skin, corneal, and blood-brain barriers. Additionally, some new nanomaterial-based strategies in treating fungal infections are discussed, including the development of fungal vaccines, modulation of macrophage activity, phage therapy, the application of high-throughput screening in drug discovery, and so on. Despite the challenges faced in applying nanotechnology to antifungal therapy, its significant potential and innovation open new possibilities for future clinical antifungal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Yongcheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Yue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Rd, Hangzhou, 310009, China
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12
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Zhang L, Lou W, Wang J. Advances in nucleic acid therapeutics: structures, delivery systems, and future perspectives in cancer treatment. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:200. [PMID: 39196428 PMCID: PMC11358240 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has emerged as a significant threat to human health. Nucleic acid therapeutics regulate the gene expression process by introducing exogenous nucleic acid fragments, offering new possibilities for tumor remission and even cure. Their mechanism of action and high specificity demonstrate great potential in cancer treatment. However, nucleic acid drugs face challenges such as low stability and limited ability to cross physiological barriers in vivo. To address these issues, various nucleic acid delivery vectors have been developed to enhance the stability and facilitate precise targeted delivery of nucleic acid drugs within the body. In this review article, we primarily introduce the structures and principles of nucleic acid drugs commonly used in cancer therapy, as well as their cellular uptake and intracellular transportation processes. We focus on the various vectors commonly employed in nucleic acid drug delivery, highlighting their research progress and applications in recent years. Furthermore, we propose potential trends and prospects of nucleic acid drugs and their carriers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqi Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Wenting Lou
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China.
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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13
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Tang C, Zhou K, Wu D, Zhu H. Nanoparticles as a Novel Platform for Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis and Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:8831-8846. [PMID: 39220195 PMCID: PMC11365508 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s474888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health issue with high mortality and morbidity rates. With the advances in nanotechnology, nanoparticles are receiving increasing attention in diagnosing and treating CVD. Previous studies have explored the use of nanoparticles in noninvasive diagnostic technologies, such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Nanoparticles have been extensively studied as drug carriers and prognostic factors, demonstrating synergistic efficacy. This review summarized the current applications of nanoparticles in CVD and discussed their opportunities and challenges for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyun Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kexun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Shafiei FS, Abroun S. Recent advancements in nanomedicine as a revolutionary approach to treating multiple myeloma. Life Sci 2024; 356:122989. [PMID: 39197575 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma, the second most common hematological malignancy, remains incurable with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 50 % and recurrence rates near 100 %, despite significant attempts to develop effective medicines. Therefore, there is a pressing demand in the medical field for innovative and more efficient treatments for MM. Currently, the standard approach for treating MM involves administering high-dose chemotherapy, which frequently correlates with improved results; however, one major limiting factor is the significant side effects of these medications. Furthermore, the strategies used to deliver medications to tumors limit their efficacy, whether by rapid clearance from circulation or an insufficient concentration in cancer cells. Cancer treatment has shifted from cytotoxic, nonspecific chemotherapy regimens to molecularly targeted, rationally developed drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. Nanomedicines may provide an effective alternative way to avoid these limits by delivering drugs into the complicated bone marrow microenvironment and efficiently reaching myeloma cells. Putting drugs into nanoparticles can make their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles much better. This can increase the drug's effectiveness in tumors, extend its time in circulation in the blood, and lower its off-target toxicity. In this review, we introduce several criteria for the rational design of nanomedicine to achieve the best anti-tumoral therapeutic results. Next, we discuss recent advances in nanomedicine for MM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Shafiei
- Department Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Abroun
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Zaleski MH, Omo-Lamai S, Nong J, Chase LS, Myerson JW, Glassman PM, Lee F, Reyes-Esteves S, Wang Z, Patel MN, Peshkova AD, Komatsu H, Axelsen PH, Muzykantov VR, Marcos-Contreras OA, Brenner JS. Nanocarriers' repartitioning of drugs between blood subcompartments as a mechanism of improving pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy. J Control Release 2024; 374:425-440. [PMID: 39103056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
For medical emergencies, such as acute ischemic stroke, rapid drug delivery to the target site is essential. For many small molecule drugs, this goal is unachievable due to poor solubility that prevents intravenous administration, and less obviously, by extensive partitioning to plasma proteins and red blood cells (RBCs), which greatly slows delivery to the target. Here we study these effects and how they can be solved by loading into nanoscale drug carriers. We focus on fingolimod, a small molecule drug that is FDA-approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis, which has also shown promise in the treatment of stroke. Unfortunately, fingolimod has poor solubility and very extensive partitioning to plasma proteins and RBCs (in whole blood, 86% partitions to RBCs, 13.96% to plasma proteins, and 0.04% is free). We develop a liposomal formulation that slows the partitioning of fingolimod to RBCs and plasma proteins, enables intravenous delivery, and additionally prevents fingolimod toxicity to RBCs. The liposomal formulation nearly completely prevented fingolimod adsorption to plasma proteins (association with plasma proteins was 98.4 ± 0.4% for the free drug vs. 5.6 ± 0.4% for liposome-loaded drug). When incubated with whole blood in vitro, the liposomal formulation greatly slowed partitioning of fingolimod to RBCs and also eliminated deleterious effects of fingolimod on RBC rigidity, morphology, and hemolysis. In vivo, the liposomal formulation delayed fingolimod partitioning to RBCs for over 30 min, a critical time window for stroke. Fingolimod-loaded liposomes showed improved efficacy in a mouse model of post-stroke neuroinflammation, completely sealing the leaky blood-brain barrier (114 ± 11.5% reduction in albumin leak into the brain for targeted liposomes vs. 38 ± 16.5% reduction for free drug). This effect was only seen for liposomes modified with antibodies to enable targeted delivery to the site of action, and not in unmodified, long-circulating liposomes. Thus, loading fingolimod into liposomes prevented partitioning to RBCs and associated toxicities and enabled targeted delivery. This paradigm can be used for tuning the blood distribution of small molecule drugs for the treatment of acute illnesses requiring rapid pharmacologic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Zaleski
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Serena Omo-Lamai
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jia Nong
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Liam S Chase
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob W Myerson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick M Glassman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Florence Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Zhicheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Manthan N Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alina D Peshkova
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul H Axelsen
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Oscar A Marcos-Contreras
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Pharmacology, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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16
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Singh I, Kumar S, Singh S, Wani MY. Overcoming resistance: Chitosan-modified liposomes as targeted drug carriers in the fight against multidrug resistant bacteria-a review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:135022. [PMID: 39182895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat, rendering standard antibiotics ineffective against multi-drug resistant bacteria. To tackle this urgent issue, innovative approaches are essential. Liposomes, small spherical vesicles made of a phospholipid bilayer, present a promising solution. These vesicles can encapsulate various medicines and are both biocompatible and biodegradable. Their ability to be modified for targeted tissue or cell uptake makes them an ideal drug delivery system. By delivering antibiotics directly to infection sites, liposomes minimize side effects and reduce the development of resistance. However, challenges such as poor stability and rapid drug leakage limit their biological application. Chitosan, a biocompatible polymer, enhances liposome interaction with specific tissues or cells, enabling selective drug release at infection sites. Incorporating chitosan into liposome formulations alters and diversifies their surface characteristics through electrostatic interactions, resulting in improved stability and pH-sensitive drug release. These interactions are crucial for enhancing drug retention and targeted delivery, especially in varying pH environments like tumor sites or infection areas, thereby improving therapeutic outcomes and reducing systemic side effects. This review discusses recent advancements, challenges, and the need for further research to optimize liposome formulations and enhance targeted drug delivery for effective AMR treatment. Chitosan-modified liposomes offer a promising strategy to overcome AMR and improve antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Singh
- Functional Polymer Material Lab, Department of Chemistry, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Functional Polymer Material Lab, Department of Chemistry, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Shalinee Singh
- Functional Polymer Material Lab, Department of Chemistry, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Li H, Wang M, Huang Y. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: An overview from cellular structural perspective. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117312. [PMID: 39167843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are broad-spectrum anticancer drugs, but their clinical use is limited due to their severe cardiotoxicity. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) remains a significant cause of heart disease-related mortality in many cancer survivors. The underlying mechanisms of AIC have been explored over the past few decades. Reactive oxygen species and drug-induced inhibition of topoisomerase II beta are well-studied mechanisms, with mitochondria being a prominently investigated organelle. Emerging mechanisms such as ferroptosis, Ca2+ overload, autophagy and inflammation mediators have been implicated in recent years. In this review, our goal is to summarize and update the roles of various mechanisms in AIC, focusing on different cellular levels and further explore promising therapeutic approaches targeting these organelles or pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansheng Li
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China.
| | - Meilun Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China.
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18
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Silli EK, Zheng Z, Zhou X, Li M, Tang J, Guo R, Tan C, Wang Y. Design optimization of Fucoidan-coating Cationic Liposomes for enhance Gemcitabine delivery. Invest New Drugs 2024:10.1007/s10637-024-01455-x. [PMID: 39154300 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-024-01455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Obstacles facing chemotherapeutic drugs for cancers led scientists to load Gemcitabine (GEM) into nanocarriers like liposomes, known for their nontoxicity profile and targeting capacity. The liposomal nanostructures containing GEM were coated with Fucoidan (FU) due to its anti-tumor properties by targeting cancer cells. Thus four different cationic liposomes formulations were prepared by thin-film hydration method in optimal conditions: DOTAP (formulation A); DPPC/DOTAP (4:1 molar ratio, formulation B), DPPC/DMPC/DOTAP (4:1:1 molar ratio, formulation C) and DPPC/DMPC/DOTAP/DSPE-mPEG2000 (4:1:1:0.1 molar ratio, formulation D). They were studied to identify lipid-compositions offering effective GEM-entrapment and successful coating of FU on the liposome surface. Additional qualitative characteristics, such as particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, stability and in vitro drug release were then evaluated. Formulation C gave the best GEM-entrapment efficiency (EE) but formed aggregates when coated with FU, giving non-homogenous large size particles then not suitable for effective delivery. It was the same situation with formulation A and B. Only the formulation D showed a good GEM-EE (> 80%) and affinity by successful coating FU from three different algae species. The PEGylated formulation D coated of FU, with regard to storage stability and drug release studies, revealed to be a promising approach on design of optimal drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Epiphane K Silli
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | | | - Xintao Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Mengfei Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Jiali Tang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Ruizhe Guo
- School of Chinese Medicine Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China
| | - Chunlu Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery and General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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19
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Aekwattanaphol N, Das SC, Khadka P, Nakpheng T, Ali Khumaini Mudhar Bintang M, Srichana T. Development of a proliposomal pretomanid dry powder inhaler as a novel alternative approach for combating pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Pharm 2024; 664:124608. [PMID: 39163929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) continue as public health concerns. Inhaled drug therapy for TB has substantial benefits in combating the causal agent of TB (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Pretomanid is a promising candidate in an optional combined regimen for XDR-TB. Pretomanid has demonstrated high potency against M. tuberculosis in both the active and latent phases. Conventional spray drying was used to formulate pretomanid as dry powder inhalers (DPIs) for deep lung delivery using a proliposomal system with a trehalose coarse excipient to enhance the drug solubility. Co-spray drying with L-leucine protected hygroscopic trehalose in formulations and improved powder aerosolization. Higher amounts of L-leucine (40-50 % w/w) resulted in the formation of mesoporous particles with high percentages of drug content and entrapment efficiency. The aerosolized powders demonstrated both geometric and median aerodynamic diameters < 5 µm with > 90 % emitted dose and > 50 % fine particle fraction. Upon reconstitution in simulated physiological fluid, the proliposomes completely converted to liposomes, exhibiting suitable particle sizes (130-300 nm) with stable colloids and improving drug solubility, leading to higher drug dissolution compared to the drug alone. Inhalable pretomanid showed higher antimycobacterial activity than pretomanid alone. The formulations were safe for all broncho-epithelial cell lines and alveolar macrophages, thus indicating their potential suitability for DPIs targeting pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattanit Aekwattanaphol
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick St, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Shyamal C Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick St, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Prakash Khadka
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick St, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Titpawan Nakpheng
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Ali Khumaini Mudhar Bintang
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Teerapol Srichana
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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20
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Wang B, Hu S, Teng Y, Chen J, Wang H, Xu Y, Wang K, Xu J, Cheng Y, Gao X. Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:200. [PMID: 39128942 PMCID: PMC11323968 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is a new multidisciplinary field that is garnering a lot of interest and investigation. Nanomedicine shows great potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in cancer diagnostics to enable high sensitivity and high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches for tumor labeling and detection are also made possible by the use of nanoprobes and nanobiosensors. The achievement of targeted medication delivery in cancer therapy can be accomplished through the rational design and manufacture of nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have the capability to effectively transport medications or gene fragments to tumor tissues via passive or active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. Simultaneously, nanoparticles can be employed in the context of radiation sensitization and photothermal therapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of malignant tumors. This review presents a literature overview and summary of how nanotechnology is used in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. According to oncological diseases originating from different systems of the body and combining the pathophysiological features of cancers at different sites, we review the most recent developments in nanotechnology applications. Finally, we briefly discuss the prospects and challenges of nanotechnology in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-based Pharmacy Center, Children's Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Teng
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Junli Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yezhen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongzhong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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21
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Popovici V, Boldianu AB, Pintea A, Caraus V, Ghendov-Mosanu A, Subotin I, Druta R, Sturza R. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Liposomal Formulations of Sea Buckthorn and Grape Pomace. Foods 2024; 13:2478. [PMID: 39200405 PMCID: PMC11354042 DOI: 10.3390/foods13162478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of the encapsulation of sea buckthorn and grape pomace extracts in liposomal formulations on the retention and release of bioactive compounds and their antioxidant activity. The profile and composition of lipophilic extracts of sea buckthorn and hydrophilic extracts of grape pomace were analyzed. Encapsulation efficiency, retention rate, and the content of bioactive compounds encapsulated in liposomal formulations prepared in two media-water and ethanol-were evaluated. The encapsulation efficiency varied between 84 and 90%, indicating the superior encapsulation of the bioactive compounds. The retention rate varied between 79 and 86%, which indicated the stability of the liposome-encapsulated compounds over time. The antioxidant activity of the encapsulated samples was determined in vitro, under the conditions of gastric (pH 1.8) and intestinal (pH 8.2) digestion, in relation to the non-encapsulated extracts. The antioxidant activity of both liposomal formulations was higher than that of the nonencapsulated extracts during gastric digestion. Moreover, an increase over time in the antioxidant activity, expressed as % DPPH inhibition, was observed for all samples, with around 90% DPPH inhibition for non-encapsulated extracts and 92% for the encapsulated extracts, demonstrating the stability of bioactive compounds in acidic pH. Oppositely, when exposed to intestinal simulated digestion (alkaline pH), the antioxidant activity decreased over time to around 24% DPPH inhibition for both encapsulated and nonencapsulated extracts. These results provide a foundation for the further development and application of liposomal delivery systems in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violina Popovici
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (I.S.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Adrian-Bogdan Boldianu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-B.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Adela Pintea
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400374 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.-B.B.); (A.P.)
| | | | - Aliona Ghendov-Mosanu
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (I.S.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Iurie Subotin
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (I.S.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Raisa Druta
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (I.S.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Rodica Sturza
- Faculty of Food Technology, Technical University of Moldova, 9/9 Studentilor St., MD-2045 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.G.-M.); (I.S.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
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22
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Song Q, Li J, Li T, Li HW. Nanomaterials that Aid in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, Resolving Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing Ability. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403473. [PMID: 39101248 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
As a form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffers from no efficacious cure, yet AD treatment is still imperative, as it ameliorates the symptoms or prevents it from deteriorating or maintains the current status to the longest extent. The human brain is the most sensitive and complex organ in the body, which is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This yet induces the difficulty in curing AD as the drugs or nanomaterials that are much inhibited from reaching the lesion site. Thus, BBB crossing capability of drug delivery system remains a significant challenge in the development of neurological therapeutics. Fortunately, nano-enabled delivery systems possess promising potential to achieve multifunctional diagnostics/therapeutics against various targets of AD owing to their intriguing advantages of nanocarriers, including easy multifunctionalization on surfaces, high surface-to-volume ratio with large payloads, and potential ability to cross the BBB, making them capable of conquering the limitations of conventional drug candidates. This review, which focuses on the BBB crossing ability of the multifunctional nanomaterials in AD diagnosis and treatment, will provide an insightful vision that is conducive to the development of AD-related nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingting Song
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junyou Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung-Wing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Park W, Park M, Chun J, Hwang J, Kim S, Choi N, Kim SM, Kim S, Jung S, Ko KS, Kweon DH. Delivery of endolysin across outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria using translocation domain of botulinum neurotoxin. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 64:107216. [PMID: 38795926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has outpaced the development of new antibiotics, leading to renewed interest in endolysins. Endolysins have been investigated as novel biocontrol agents for Gram-positive bacteria. However, their efficacy against Gram-negative species is limited by the barrier presented by their outer membrane, which prevents endolysin access to the peptidoglycan substrate. Here, we used the translocation domain of botulinum neurotoxin to deliver endolysin across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The translocation domain selectively interacts with and penetrates membranes composed of anionic lipids, which have been used in nature to deliver various proteins into animal cells. In addition to the botulinum neurotoxin translocation domain, we have fused bacteriophage-derived receptor binding protein to endolysins. This allows the attached protein to efficiently bind to a broad spectrum of Gram-negative bacteria. By attaching these target-binding and translocation machineries to endolysins, we aimed to develop an engineered endolysin with broad-spectrum targeting and enhanced antibacterial activity against Gram-negative species. To validate our strategy, we designed engineered endolysins using two well-known endolysins, T5 and LysPA26, and tested them against 23 strains from six species of Gram-negative bacteria, confirming that our machinery can act broadly. In particular, we observed a 2.32 log reduction in 30 min with only 0.5 µM against an Acinetobacter baumannii isolate. We also used the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system to easily attach target-binding proteins, thereby improving its target-binding ability. Overall, our newly developed endolysin engineering strategy may be a promising approach to control multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonbeom Park
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungseo Park
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Chun
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeon Hwang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoon Choi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - SeungJoo Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Jung
- Research Center, MVRIX, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Ko
- Department of Microbiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kweon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Research Center, MVRIX, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Gralewska P, Gajek A, Marczak A, Rogalska A. Targeted Nanocarrier-Based Drug Delivery Strategies for Improving the Therapeutic Efficacy of PARP Inhibitors against Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8304. [PMID: 39125873 PMCID: PMC11312858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The current focus of ovarian cancer (OC) research is the improvement of treatment options through maximising drug effectiveness. OC remains the fifth leading cause of cancer-induced mortality in women worldwide. In recent years, nanotechnology has revolutionised drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles may be utilised as carriers in gene therapy or to overcome the problem of drug resistance in tumours by limiting the number of free drugs in circulation and thereby minimising undesired adverse effects. Cell surface receptors, such as human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), folic acid (FA) receptors, CD44 (also referred to as homing cell adhesion molecule, HCAM), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. Generation of active targeting nanoparticles involves modification with ligands that recognise cell surface receptors and thereby promote internalisation by cancer cells. Several poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are currently used for the treatment of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) or platinum-sensitive relapsed OC. However, PARP resistance and poor drug bioavailability are common challenges, highlighting the urgent need to develop novel, effective strategies for ovarian cancer treatment. This review evaluates the utility of nanoparticles in ovarian cancer therapy, with a specific focus on targeted approaches and the use of PARPi nanocarriers to optimise treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90–236 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
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25
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An P, Zhao Q, Hao S, Wang X, Tian J, Ma Z. Recent Advancements and Trends of Topical Drug Delivery Systems in Psoriasis: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:7631-7671. [PMID: 39099792 PMCID: PMC11296365 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s461514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease where topical therapy is crucial. While various dosage forms have enhanced the efficacy of current treatments, their limited permeability and lack of targeted delivery to the dermis and epidermis remain challenges. We reviewed the evolution of topical therapies for psoriasis and conducted a bibliometric analysis from 1993 to 2023 using a predictive linear regression model. This included a comprehensive statistical and visual evaluation of each model's validity, literature profiles, citation patterns, and collaborations, assessing R variance and mean squared error (MSE). Furthermore, we detailed the structural features and penetration pathways of emerging drug delivery systems for topical treatment, such as lipid-based, polymer-based, metallic nanocarriers, and nanocrystals, highlighting their advantages. This systematic overview indicates that future research should focus on developing novel drug delivery systems characterized by enhanced stability, biocompatibility, and drug-carrying capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyu An
- Basic Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiyue Zhao
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Hao
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangtian Tian
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Zhao L, Li M, Shen C, Luo Y, Hou X, Qi Y, Huang Z, Li W, Gao L, Wu M, Luo Y. Nano-Assisted Radiotherapy Strategies: New Opportunities for Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0429. [PMID: 39045421 PMCID: PMC11265788 DOI: 10.34133/research.0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent type. Over 70% of lung cancer patients require radiotherapy (RT), which operates through direct and indirect mechanisms to treat cancer. However, RT can damage healthy tissues and encounter radiological resistance, making it crucial to enhance its precision to optimize treatment outcomes, minimize side effects, and overcome radioresistance. Integrating nanotechnology into RT presents a promising method to increase its efficacy. This review explores various nano-assisted RT strategies aimed at achieving precision treatment. These include using nanomaterials as radiosensitizers, applying nanotechnology to modify the tumor microenvironment, and employing nano-based radioprotectors and radiation-treated cell products for indirect cancer RT. We also explore recent advancements in nano-assisted RT for NSCLC, such as biomimetic targeting that alters mesenchymal stromal cells, magnetic targeting strategies, and nanosensitization with high-atomic number nanomaterials. Finally, we address the existing challenges and future directions of precision RT using nanotechnology, highlighting its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhao
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mei Li
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen Shen
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yurui Luo
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoming Hou
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Qi
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Li
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lanyang Gao
- The Affiliated Hospital ofSouthwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Min Wu
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yao Luo
- West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Zigong First People’s Hospital, Zigong 643000, China
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27
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Patel D, Solanki J, Kher MM, Azagury A. A Review: Surface Engineering of Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401990. [PMID: 39004869 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the evolution of lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs) for drug delivery (DD). Herein, LBNPs are classified into liposomes and cell membrane-based nanoparticles (CMNPs), each with unique advantages and challenges. Conventional LBNPs possess drawbacks such as poor targeting, quick clearance, and limited biocompatibility. One of the possible alternatives to overcome these challenges is surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) with materials such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), aptamers, antibody fragments, peptides, CD44, hyaluronic acid, folic acid, palmitic acid, and lactoferrin. Thus, the main focus of this review will be on the different surface modifications that enable LBNPs to have beneficial properties for DD, such as enhancing mass transport properties, immune evasion, improved stability, and targeting. Moreover, various CMNPs are explored used for DD derived from cells such as red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, leukocytes, cancer cells, and stem cells, highlighting their unique natural properties (e.g., biocompatibility and ability to evade the immune system). This discussion extends to the biomimicking of hybrid NPs accomplished through the surface coating of synthetic (mainly polymeric) NPs with different cell membranes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive resource for researchers on recent advances in the field of surface modification of LBNPs and CMNPs. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the dynamic field of lipid-based DD systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ariel University, Ariel, 4070000, Israel
| | - Jyoti Solanki
- Post Graduate Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India
| | - Mafatlal M Kher
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ariel University, Ariel, 4070000, Israel
| | - Aharon Azagury
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ariel University, Ariel, 4070000, Israel
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28
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AbouSamra MM. Liposomal nano-carriers mediated targeting of liver disorders: mechanisms and applications. J Liposome Res 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38988127 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2024.2377085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Liver disorders present a significant global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of innovative treatment modalities. Liposomal nanocarriers have emerged as promising candidates for targeted drug delivery to the liver. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the mechanisms and applications of liposomal nanocarriers in addressing various liver disorders. Firstly discussing the liver disorders and the conventional treatment approaches, the review delves into the liposomal structure and composition. Moreover, it tackles the different mechanisms of liposomal targeting including both passive and active strategies. After that, the review moves on to explore the therapeutic potentials of liposomal nanocarriers in treating liver cirrhosis, fibrosis, viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Through discussing recent advancements and envisioning future perspectives, this review highlights the role of liposomal nanocarriers in enhancing the effectiveness and the safety of liver disorders and consequently improving patient outcomes and enhances life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M AbouSamra
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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29
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Stellpflug A, Walls J, Hansen C, Joshi A, Wang B. From bone to nanoparticles: development of a novel generation of bone derived nanoparticles for image guided orthopedic regeneration. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3633-3648. [PMID: 38856671 PMCID: PMC11238765 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Bone related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, metastatic bone cancer, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Paget's disease, are primarily treated with pharmacologic therapies that often exhibit limited efficacy and substantial side effects. Bone injuries or fractures are primarily repaired with biocompatible materials that produce mixed results in sufficiently regenerating healthy and homogenous bone tissue. Each of these bone conditions, both localized and systemic, use different strategies with the same goal of achieving a healthy and homeostatic bone environment. In this study, we developed a new type of bone-based nanoparticle (BPs) using the entire organic extracellular matrix (ECM) of decellularized porcine bone, additionally encapsulating indocyanine green dye (ICG) for an in vivo monitoring capability. Utilizing the regenerative capability of bone ECM and the functionality of nanoparticles, the ICG encapsulated BPs (ICG/BPs) have been demonstrated to be utilized as a therapeutic option for localized and systemic orthopedic conditions. Additionally, ICG enables an in situ monitoring capability in the Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) spectrum, capturing the degradation or the biodistribution of the ICG/BPs after both local implantation and intravenous administration, respectively. The efficacy and safety of the ICG/BPs shown within this study lay the foundation for future investigations, which will delve into optimization for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Stellpflug
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Jacob Walls
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Christopher Hansen
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Amit Joshi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Bo Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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30
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Constantinou C, Meliou K, Skouras A, Siafaka P, Christodoulou P. Liposomes against Alzheimer's Disease: Current Research and Future Prospects. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1519. [PMID: 39062092 PMCID: PMC11275096 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the most common neurodegenerative disease, affects more than 60 million people worldwide, a number that is estimated to double by 2050. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive memory loss, the impairment of behavior, and mood changes, as well as the disturbed daily routine of the patient. Although there are some active molecules that can be beneficial by halting the progression of the disease, the blood-brain barrier and other physiological barriers hinder their delivery and, consequently, the appropriate management of the disease. Therefore, drug delivery systems that effectively target and overcome the blood-brain barrier to reach the targeted brain area would improve treatment effectiveness. Liposomes are lipophilic carriers that consist of a phospholipid bilayer structure, simulating the physiological lipidic layer of the blood-brain barrier and enabling better delivery of the drug to the brain. Given that pure liposomes may have less targeting affinity than functionalized liposomes, modification with groups such as lactoferrin, poly(ethylene glycol), and transferrin may improve specificity. In this mini-review, we summarize the literature on the use of liposomes for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, focusing on the functionalization moieties of liposomes. In addition, challenges in brain delivery are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Constantinou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Pharmacy Program, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.C.); (K.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Katerina Meliou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Pharmacy Program, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.C.); (K.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Athanasios Skouras
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Panoraia Siafaka
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Pharmacy Program, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.C.); (K.M.); (P.S.)
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31
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Surma M, Anbarasu K, Das A. Arp2/3 mediated dynamic lamellipodia of the hPSC colony edges promote liposome-based DNA delivery. Stem Cells 2024; 42:607-622. [PMID: 38717908 PMCID: PMC11228622 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Cationic liposome-mediated delivery of drugs, DNA, or RNA plays a pivotal role in small molecule therapy, gene editing, and immunization. However, our current knowledge regarding the cellular structures that facilitate this process remains limited. Here, we used human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which form compact colonies consisting of dynamically active cells at the periphery and epithelial-like cells at the core. We discovered that cells at the colony edges selectively got transfected by cationic liposomes through actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) dependent dynamic lamellipodia, which is augmented by myosin II inhibition. Conversely, cells at the core establish tight junctions at their apical surfaces, impeding liposomal access to the basal lamellipodia and thereby inhibiting transfection. In contrast, liposomes incorporating mannosylated lipids are internalized throughout the entire colony via receptor-mediated endocytosis. These findings contribute a novel mechanistic insight into enhancing therapeutic delivery via liposomes, particularly in cell types characterized by dynamic lamellipodia, such as immune cells or those comprising the epithelial layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Surma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Kavitha Anbarasu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Arupratan Das
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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32
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Liu SF, Li MJ, Liang B, Sun W, Shao Y, Hu X, Xing D. Breaking the barrier: Nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy as the new vanguard in brain tumor treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1394816. [PMID: 39021831 PMCID: PMC11252536 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1394816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The pursuit of effective treatments for brain tumors has increasingly focused on the promising area of nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy (NERT). This review elucidates the context and significance of NERT, with a particular emphasis on its application in brain tumor therapy-a field where traditional treatments often encounter obstacles due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and tumor cells' inherent resistance. The aims of this review include synthesizing recent advancements, analyzing action mechanisms, and assessing the clinical potential and challenges associated with nanoparticle (NP) use in radiotherapy enhancement. Preliminary preclinical studies have established a foundation for NERT, demonstrating that nanoparticles (NPs) can serve as radiosensitizers, thereby intensifying radiotherapy's efficacy. Investigations into various NP types, such as metallic, magnetic, and polymeric, have each unveiled distinct interactions with ionizing radiation, leading to an augmented destruction of tumor cells. These interactions, encompassing physical dose enhancement and biological and chemical radio sensitization, are crucial to the NERT strategy. Although clinical studies are in their early phases, initial trials have shown promising results in terms of tumor response rates and survival, albeit with mindful consideration of toxicity profiles. This review examines pivotal studies affirming NERT's efficacy and safety. NPs have the potential to revolutionize radiotherapy by overcoming challenges in targeted delivery, reducing off-target effects, and harmonizing with other modalities. Future directions include refining NP formulations, personalizing therapies, and navigating regulatory pathways. NERT holds promise to transform brain tumor treatment and provide hope for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi feng Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng Jiao Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Liang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenshe Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingchun Shao
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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33
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Koo BI, Lee DJ, Rahman RT, Nam YS. Biomimetic Multilayered Lipid Nanovesicles for Potent Protein Vaccination. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304109. [PMID: 38849130 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Lipid vesicles are widely used for drug and gene delivery, but their structural instability reduces in vivo efficacy and requires specialized handling. To address these limitations, strategies like lipid cross-linking and polymer-lipid conjugation are suggested to enhance stability and biological efficacy. However, the in vivo metabolism of these altered lipids remains unclear, necessitating further studies. A new stabilization technique without chemical modification is urgently needed. Here, a bio-mimetic approach for fabricating robust multilamellar lipid vesicles to enhance in vivo delivery and stabilization of protein antigens is presented. This method leverages 1-O-acylceramide, a natural skin lipid, to facilitate the self-assembly of lipid nanovesicles. Incorporating 1-O-acylceramide, anchoring lipid bilayers akin to its role in the stratum corneum, provides excellent stability under environmental stresses, including freeze-thaw cycles. Encapsulating ovalbumin as a model antigen and the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A demonstrates the vesicle's potential as a nanovaccine platform. In vitro studies show enhanced immune responses with both unilamellar and multilamellar vesicles, but in vivo analyses highlight the superior efficiency of multilamellar vesicles in inducing higher antibody and cytokine levels. This work suggests ceramide-induced multilamellar lipid vesicles as an effective nanovaccine platform for enhanced antigen delivery and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bon Il Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Rafia Tasnim Rahman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sung Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Sudhakar Patil V, Rupa Bavaskar K, Omprakash Morani D, Suresh Jain A. Review on Hyaluronic Acid Functionalized Sulfur and Nitrogen Co-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots Nano Conjugates for Targeting of Specific Type of Cancer. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:266-277. [PMID: 39206392 PMCID: PMC11347733 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Many people lose their lives to cancer each year. The prevalence of illnesses, metabolic disorders, high-risk infections, and other conditions has been greatly slowed down by expanding scientific research. Chemotherapy and radiation are still the initial lines of treatment for cancer patients, along with surgical removal of tumors. Modifications have been made in chemotherapy since medicines frequently have substantial systemic toxicity and poor pharmacokinetics and still do not reach the tumor site at effective concentrations. Chemotherapy may now be administered more safely and effectively thanks to nanotechnology. Nanotechnology-based graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are very applicable in breast cancer detection, as a drug delivery system, and in the treatment of breast cancer because of their physical and chemical properties, lower toxicity, small size, fluorescence, and effective drug delivery. This paper analyzes the GQDs as cutting-edge platforms for biotechnology and nanomedicine also its application in drug delivery in cancer. It shows that GQDs can be effectively conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA) to achieve efficient and target-specific delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Sudhakar Patil
- Shri D.D. Vispute College of Pharmacy and Research Center, Devad-Vichumbe, New Panvel, India-410206
| | - Kedar Rupa Bavaskar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri D.D. Vispute College of Pharmacy and Research Center, Devad-Vichumbe, New Panvel, India-410206
| | - Dilip Omprakash Morani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Dombivali India-421204
| | - Ashish Suresh Jain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Shri D.D. Vispute College of Pharmacy and Research Center, Devad-Vichumbe, New Panvel, India-410206
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Arjunan P, Kathirvelu D, Mahalingam G, Goel AK, Zacharaiah UG, Srivastava A, Marepally S. Lipid-nanoparticle-enabled nucleic acid therapeutics for liver disorders. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2885-2900. [PMID: 39027251 PMCID: PMC11252464 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited genetic disorders of the liver pose a significant public health burden. Liver transplantation is often limited by the availability of donor livers and the exorbitant costs of immunosuppressive therapy. To overcome these limitations, nucleic acid therapy provides a hopeful alternative that enables gene repair, gene supplementation, and gene silencing with suitable vectors. Though viral vectors are the most efficient and preferred for gene therapy, pre-existing immunity debilitating immune responses limit their use. As a potential alternative, lipid nanoparticle-mediated vectors are being explored to deliver multiple nucleic acid forms, including pDNA, mRNA, siRNA, and proteins. Herein, we discuss the broader applications of lipid nanoparticles, from protein replacement therapy to restoring the disease mechanism through nucleic acid delivery and gene editing, as well as multiple preclinical and clinical studies as a potential alternative to liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porkizhi Arjunan
- Center for Stem Cell Research (A Unit of inStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
- Manipal academy for higher education, Mangalore 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Durga Kathirvelu
- Center for Stem Cell Research (A Unit of inStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gokulnath Mahalingam
- Center for Stem Cell Research (A Unit of inStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Goel
- Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uday George Zacharaiah
- Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alok Srivastava
- Center for Stem Cell Research (A Unit of inStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Hematology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Center for Stem Cell Research (A Unit of inStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Keshavarz F, Soltanshahi M, Khosravani F, Bakhshiyan F, Ghanbari A, Hassanzadeh S, Amirpour M, Ghalamfarsa G. Thymol-loaded liposomes effectively induced apoptosis and decreased EGFR expression in colorectal cancer cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5157-5165. [PMID: 38240780 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide. Different factors, such as environmental and genetic factors and lifestyle, affect it. Owing to the presence of phenolic, alkaloid, antioxidant, and terpenoid compounds, herbal compounds can be effective in the treatment of various cancers. Thymol is a natural monoterpene phenol that is abundant in some plants and exerts several biological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the apoptotic, anti-proliferative effect and EGFR gene expression under the influence of thymol-loaded nanoliposome in SW84 and SW111 cell lines derived from colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The lipid thin-film hydration method was used to synthesize thymol-loaded liposomes, and their characterization was performed using TEM, DLS, and HPLC analyses. SW84 and SW1111 cells were treated with thymol- and thymol-loaded liposomes at different doses, the inhibition of cell proliferation was evaluated using an MTT assay, the rate of apoptosis induction was assessed using flow cytometry, and EGFR gene expression was measured using real-time PCR. RESULTS The nanoparticles produced were spherical, uniform, and 200 ± 10 nm in size. HPLC analysis showed that approximately 98% thymol was loaded into the nanoliposome. The results of the MTT assay showed that thymol and thymol-nanoliposomes decreased the proliferation of SW84 and SW1111 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 of thymol and thymol-nanoliposomes were 18 and 14.2 µg/ml for the SW48 cell line (P = 0.04) and 10.5 and 6.4 µg/ml for the SW1116 cell line (P = 0.001). Thymol-nanoliposomes significantly inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells compared to free thymol. Flow cytometry showed an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells, especially in the thymol-nanoliposome group in the treated cells. Real-time PCR results also showed that thymol and thymol-nanoliposome both caused a decrease in the expression of EGFR genes in both cell lines, but this effect of decreasing gene expression was significantly higher in the thymol-nanoliposome group. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that thymol-nanoliposomes reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis, and decreased EGFR expression in colorectal cancer-derived cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Keshavarz
- Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Soltanshahi
- Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khosravani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Bakhshiyan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Amir Ghanbari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Sajad Hassanzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Dr. Ghorban Ali Jalil Street, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Amirpour
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
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Shirakura T, Krishnamoorthy L, Paliwal P, Hird G, McCluskie K, McWilliams P, He M, Ismaili MHA. In vitro treatment with liposome-encapsulated Mannose-1-phosphate restores N-glycosylation in PMM2-CDG patient-derived fibroblasts. Mol Genet Metab 2024; 143:108531. [PMID: 39053125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2024.108531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
PMM2-CDG is the most common congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). Patients with this disease often carry compound heterozygous mutations of the gene encoding the phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2) enzyme. PMM2 converts mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) to mannose-1-phosphate (M1P), which is a critical upstream metabolite for proper protein N-glycosylation. Therapeutic options for PMM2-CDG patients are limited to management of the disease symptoms, as no drug is currently approved to treat this disease. GLM101 is a M1P-loaded liposomal formulation being developed as a candidate drug to treat PMM2-CDG. This report describes the effect of GLM101 treatment on protein N-glycosylation of PMM2-CDG patient-derived fibroblasts. This treatment normalized intracellular GDP-mannose, increased the relative glycoprotein mannosylation content and TNFα-induced ICAM-1 expression. Moreover, glycomics profiling revealed that GLM101 treatment of PMM2-CDG fibroblasts resulted in normalization of most high mannose glycans and partial correction of multiple complex and hybrid glycans. In vivo characterization of GLM101 revealed its favorable pharmacokinetics, liver-targeted biodistribution, and tolerability profile with achieved systemic concentrations significantly greater than its effective in vitro potency. Taken as a whole, the results described in this report support further exploration of GLM101's safety, tolerability, and efficacy in PMM2-CDG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Miao He
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Duraloglu C, Baysal I, Yabanoglu-Ciftci S, Arica B. Nintedanib and miR-29b co-loaded lipoplexes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: formulation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:671-686. [PMID: 39099436 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2387166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to develop a cationic lipoplex formulation loaded with Nintedanib and miR-29b (LP-NIN-miR) as an alternative approach in the combination therapy of idiopathic pulmonary dibrosis (IPF) by proving its additive anti-fibrotic therapeutic effects through in vitro lung fibrosis model. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first research article reported that the LP-NIN-MIR formulations in the treatment of IPF. METHODS To optimize cationic liposomes (LPs), quality by design (QbD) approach was carried out. Optimized blank LP formulation was prepared with DOTAP, CHOL, DOPE, and DSPE-mPEG 2000 at the molar ratio of 10:10:1:1. Nintedanib loaded LP (LPs-NIN) were produced by microfluidization method and were incubated with miR-29b at room temperature for 30 min to obtain LP-NIN-miR. To evaluate the cellular uptake of LP-NIN-miR, NIH/3T3 cells were treated with 20 ng.mL-1 transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for 96 h to establish the in vitro IPF model and incubated with LP-NIN-miR for 48 h. RESULTS The hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of the LP-NIN-miR were 87.3 ± 0.9 nm, 0.184 ± 0.003, and +24 ± 1 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiencies of Nintedanib and miR-29b were 99.8% ± 0.08% and 99.7% ± 1.2%, respectively. The results of the cytotoxicity study conducted with NIH/3T3 cells indicated that LP-NIN-miR is a safe delivery system. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of the transfection study proved the additive anti-fibrotic therapeutic effect of LP-NIN-miR and suggested that lipoplexes are effective delivery systems for drug and nucleic acid to the NIH/3T3 cells in the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Duraloglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ipek Baysal
- Vocational School of Health Services, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Betul Arica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Kumar A, Maiti A, Verma S, Daschakraborty S. How do Photoswitchable Lipids Influence the Intercalation of Anticancer Drug in Lipid Membrane? Investigation using Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400416. [PMID: 38949780 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Photoswitchable lipids, particularly azobenzene-derivatized phosphatidylcholine (azoPC) lipids, offer a unique mechanism for reversible modification of membrane properties upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Through all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we explore how UV irradiation-induced trans-to-cis photoisomerization (TCPI) of AzoPC lipid influences the structure and dynamics of a lipid membrane, composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol with similar composition to that of the DOXIL®. Structural and dynamical analyses of two states of the membrane, 'dark' state (containing cis-azoPC lipid) and 'bright' state (containing 85 % cis-azoPC and 15 % trans-azoPC lipids) reveal that the TCPI reduces membrane packing density and increases diffusivity of lipids. We have demonstrated an enhanced intercalation of doxorubicin (DOX), an anticancer drug, in the 'bright' state of the membrane compared to that in the 'dark' state. This study - elucidating the complex interplay between lipid composition, photoswitching, and lipid-drug interactions - contributes to the design of lipid-based systems for targeted drug delivery and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Archita Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Sahil Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
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Yildiz SN, Entezari M, Paskeh MDA, Mirzaei S, Kalbasi A, Zabolian A, Hashemi F, Hushmandi K, Hashemi M, Raei M, Goharrizi MASB, Aref AR, Zarrabi A, Ren J, Orive G, Rabiee N, Ertas YN. Nanoliposomes as nonviral vectors in cancer gene therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e583. [PMID: 38919334 PMCID: PMC11199024 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonviral vectors, such as liposomes, offer potential for targeted gene delivery in cancer therapy. Liposomes, composed of phospholipid vesicles, have demonstrated efficacy as nanocarriers for genetic tools, addressing the limitations of off-targeting and degradation commonly associated with traditional gene therapy approaches. Due to their biocompatibility, stability, and tunable physicochemical properties, they offer potential in overcoming the challenges associated with gene therapy, such as low transfection efficiency and poor stability in biological fluids. Despite these advancements, there remains a gap in understanding the optimal utilization of nanoliposomes for enhanced gene delivery in cancer treatment. This review delves into the present state of nanoliposomes as carriers for genetic tools in cancer therapy, sheds light on their potential to safeguard genetic payloads and facilitate cell internalization alongside the evolution of smart nanocarriers for targeted delivery. The challenges linked to their biocompatibility and the factors that restrict their effectiveness in gene delivery are also discussed along with exploring the potential of nanoliposomes in cancer gene therapy strategies by analyzing recent advancements and offering future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of GeneticsFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
- Department of Medical Convergence SciencesFarhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of GeneticsFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
- Department of Medical Convergence SciencesFarhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceIslamic Azad UniversityScience and Research BranchTehranIran
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of PharmacyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of OrthopedicsShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Clinical Sciences InstituteNephrology and Urology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of GeneticsFaculty of Advanced Science and TechnologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
- Department of Medical Convergence SciencesFarhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mehdi Raei
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of HealthBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer ScienceDana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Translational SciencesXsphera Biosciences Inc.BostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesIstinye UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesDepartment of CardiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research GroupSchool of PharmacyUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Vitoria‐GasteizSpain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology ‐ UIRMI (UPV/EHU‐Fundación Eduardo Anitua)Vitoria‐GasteizSpain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research GroupVitoria‐GasteizSpain
- The AcademiaSingapore Eye Research InstituteSingaporeSingapore
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative TherapeuticsMurdoch UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- ERNAM—Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- UNAM−National Nanotechnology Research CenterBilkent UniversityAnkaraTurkey
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Andreadi A, Lodeserto P, Todaro F, Meloni M, Romano M, Minasi A, Bellia A, Lauro D. Nanomedicine in the Treatment of Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7028. [PMID: 39000136 PMCID: PMC11241380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine could improve the treatment of diabetes by exploiting various therapeutic mechanisms through the use of suitable nanoformulations. For example, glucose-sensitive nanoparticles can release insulin in response to high glucose levels, mimicking the physiological release of insulin. Oral nanoformulations for insulin uptake via the gut represent a long-sought alternative to subcutaneous injections, which cause pain, discomfort, and possible local infection. Nanoparticles containing oligonucleotides can be used in gene therapy and cell therapy to stimulate insulin production in β-cells or β-like cells and modulate the responses of T1DM-associated immune cells. In contrast, viral vectors do not induce immunogenicity. Finally, in diabetic wound healing, local delivery of nanoformulations containing regenerative molecules can stimulate tissue repair and thus provide a valuable tool to treat this diabetic complication. Here, we describe these different approaches to diabetes treatment with nanoformulations and their potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Andreadi
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (P.L.); (F.T.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (D.L.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Pietro Lodeserto
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (P.L.); (F.T.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (D.L.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Federica Todaro
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (P.L.); (F.T.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (D.L.)
| | - Marco Meloni
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (P.L.); (F.T.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (D.L.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Romano
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandro Minasi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (P.L.); (F.T.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (D.L.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Davide Lauro
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (P.L.); (F.T.); (M.M.); (A.B.); (D.L.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (A.M.)
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Ranjan S, Bosch S, Lukkari H, Schirmer J, Aaltonen N, Nieminen HJ, Lehto VP, Urtti A, Lajunen T, Rilla K. Development of Focused Ultrasound-Assisted Nanoplexes for RNA Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1089. [PMID: 38998694 PMCID: PMC11243722 DOI: 10.3390/nano14131089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics, including siRNA, have obtained recognition in recent years due to their potential to treat various chronic and rare diseases. However, there are still limitations to lipid-based drug delivery systems in the clinical use of RNA therapeutics due to the need for optimization in the design and the preparation process. In this study, we propose adaptive focused ultrasound (AFU) as a drug loading technique to protect RNA from degradation by encapsulating small RNA in nanoliposomes, which we term nanoplexes. The AFU method is non-invasive and isothermal, as nanoplexes are produced without direct contact with any external materials while maintaining precise temperature control according to the desired settings. The controllability of sample treatments can be effectively modulated, allowing for a wide range of ultrasound intensities to be applied. Importantly, the absence of co-solvents in the process eliminates the need for additional substances, thereby minimizing the potential for cross-contaminations. Since AFU is a non-invasive method, the entire process can be conducted under sterile conditions. A minimal volume (300 μL) is required for this process, and the treatment is speedy (10 min in this study). Our in vitro experiments with silencer CD44 siRNA, which performs as a model therapeutic drug in different mammalian cell lines, showed encouraging results (knockdown > 80%). To quantify gene silencing efficacy, we employed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Additionally, cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were employed to capture images of nanoplexes. These images revealed the presence of individual nanoparticles measuring approximately 100-200 nm in contrast with the random distribution of clustered complexes observed in ultrasound-untreated samples of liposome nanoparticles and siRNA. AFU holds great potential as a standardized liposome processing and loading method because its process is fast, sterile, and does not require additional solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Ranjan
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Medical Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Stef Bosch
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannamari Lukkari
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- FinVector Oy, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Schirmer
- Nanoscience Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Niina Aaltonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki J Nieminen
- Medical Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Vesa-Pekka Lehto
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Rilla
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
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Duran T, P Costa A, Kneski J, Xu X, J Burgess D, Mohammadiarani H, Chaudhuri B. Manufacturing process of liposomal Formation: A coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. Int J Pharm 2024; 659:124288. [PMID: 38815641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
A method of producing liposomes has been previously developed using a continuous manufacturing technology that involves a co-axial turbulent jet in co-flow. In this study, coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations were used to gain a deeper understanding of how the self-assembly process of liposomes is affected by the material attributes (such as the concentration of ethanol) and the process parameters (such as temperature), while also providing detailed information on a nano-scale molecular level. Specifically, the CG-MD simulations yield a comprehensive internal view of the structure and formation mechanisms of liposomes containing DPPC, DPPG, and cholesterol molecules. The importance of this work is that structural details on the molecular level are proposed, and such detail is not possible to obtain through experimental studies alone. The assessment of structural properties, including the area per lipid, diffusion coefficient, and order parameters, indicated that a thicker bilayer was observed at higher ethanol concentrations, while a thinner bilayer was present at higher temperatures. These conditions led to more water penetrating the interior of the bilayer and an unstable structure, as indicated by a larger contact area between lipids and water, and a higher coefficient of lipid lateral diffusion. However, stable liposomes were found through these evaluations at lower ethanol concentrations and/or lower process temperatures. Furthermore, the CG-MD model was further compared and validated with experimental and computational data including liposomal bilayer thickness and area per lipid measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibo Duran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, USA
| | - Antonio P Costa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, USA
| | - Jake Kneski
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Office of Testing and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Diane J Burgess
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, USA
| | | | - Bodhisattwa Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs CT 06269, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Institute of Material Sciences (IMS), University of Connecticut, Storrs CT, 06269, USA.
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44
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Sun X, Zhou X, Shi X, Abed OA, An X, Lei YL, Moon JJ. Strategies for the development of metalloimmunotherapies. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01221-7. [PMID: 38914800 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Metal ions play crucial roles in the regulation of immune pathways. In fact, metallodrugs have a long record of accomplishment as effective treatments for a wide range of diseases. Here we argue that the modulation of interactions of metal ions with molecules and cells involved in the immune system forms the basis of a new class of immunotherapies. By examining how metal ions modulate the innate and adaptive immune systems, as well as host-microbiota interactions, we discuss strategies for the development of such metalloimmunotherapies for the treatment of cancer and other immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Editas Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Xingwu Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaoyue Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Omar A Abed
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xinran An
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yu Leo Lei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Translational Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James J Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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45
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Yang Y, Du J, Gan J, Song X, Shu J, An C, Lu L, Wei H, Che J, Zhao X. Neutrophil-Mediated Nanozyme Delivery System for Acute Kidney Injury Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401198. [PMID: 38899383 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging of nanozymes toward acute kidney injury (AKI) is a current promising strategy, however, the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) limits their application for treating kidney related diseases. Here, a neutrophil-mediated delivery system able to hijack neutrophil to transport nanozyme-loaded cRGD-liposomes to inflamed kidney for AKI treatment by cRGD targeting integrin αvβ1 is reported. The neutrophil-mediated nanozyme delivery system demonstrated great antioxidant and anti-apoptosis ability in HK-2 and NRK-52E cell lines. Moreover, in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced AKI mice, a single dose of LM@cRGD-LPs 12 h post-ischemia significantly reduces renal function indicators, alleviates renal pathological changes, and inhibits apoptosis of renal tubular cells and the expression of renal tubular injured marker, thus remarkably reducing the damage of AKI. Mechanistically, the treatment of LM@cRGD-LPs markedly inhibits the process of Nrf2 to the nucleus and reduces the expression of the downstream HO-1, achieves a 99.51% increase in renal tissue Nrf2 levels, and an 86.31% decrease in HO-1 levels after LM@cRGD-LPs treatment. In short, the strategy of neutrophil-mediated nanozyme delivery system hold great promise as a potential therapy for AKI or other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Jiang Du
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Gan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Jiaxin Shu
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Chaoli An
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Hui Wei
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Junyi Che
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
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Ernits M, Reinsalu O, Yandrapalli N, Kopanchuk S, Moradpur-Tari E, Sanka I, Scheler O, Rinken A, Kurg R, Kyritsakis A, Linko V, Zadin V. Microfluidic production, stability and loading of synthetic giant unilamellar vesicles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14071. [PMID: 38890456 PMCID: PMC11189546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In advanced drug delivery, versatile liposomal formulations are commonly employed for safer and more accurate therapies. Here we report a method that allows a straightforward production of synthetic monodisperse (~ 100 μm) giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) using a microfluidic system. The stability analysis based on the microscopy imaging showed that at ambient conditions the produced GUVs had a half-life of 61 ± 2 h. However, it was observed that ~ 90% of the calcein dye that was loaded into GUVs was transported into a surrounding medium in 24 h, thus indicating that the GUVs may release these small dye molecules without distinguishable membrane disruption. We further demonstrated the feasibility of our method by loading GUVs with larger and very different cargo objects; small soluble fluorescent proteins and larger magnetic microparticles in a suspension. Compared to previously reported microfluidics-based production techniques, the obtained results indicate that our simplified method could be equally harnessed in creating GUVs with less cost, effort and time, which could further benefit studying closed membrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mart Ernits
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Olavi Reinsalu
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Naresh Yandrapalli
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sergei Kopanchuk
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ehsan Moradpur-Tari
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Immanuel Sanka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), Akadeemia Tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ott Scheler
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), Akadeemia Tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ago Rinken
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reet Kurg
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andreas Kyritsakis
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Veikko Linko
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering, Kemistintie 1, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Veronika Zadin
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
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47
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Tambe S, Nag S, Pandya SR, Kumar R, Balakrishnan K, Kumar R, Kumar S, Amin P, Gupta PK. Revolutionizing Leishmaniasis Treatment with Cutting Edge Drug Delivery Systems and Nanovaccines: An Updated Review. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1871-1889. [PMID: 38829047 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, one of the most overlooked tropical diseases, is a life-threatening illness caused by the parasite Leishmania donovani that is prevalent in underdeveloped nations. Over 350 million individuals in more than 90 different nations worldwide are at risk of contracting the disease, which has a current fatality rate of 50 000 mortalities each year. The administration of liposomal Amp B, pentavalent antimonials, and miltefosine are still considered integral components of the chemotherapy regimen. Antileishmanial medications fail to treat leishmaniasis because of their numerous drawbacks. These include inadequate effectiveness, toxicity, undesired side effects, drug resistance, treatment duration, and cost. Consequently, there is a need to overcome the limitations of conventional therapeutics. Nanotechnology has demonstrated promising outcomes in addressing these issues because of its small size and distinctive characteristics, such as enhanced bioavailability, lower toxicity, biodegradability, and targeted drug delivery. This review is an effort to highlight the recent progress in various nanodrug delivery systems (nDDSs) over the past five years for treating leishmaniasis. Although the preclinical outcomes of nDDSs have shown promising treatment for leishmaniasis, further research is needed for their clinical translation. Advancement in three primary priority domains─molecular diagnostics, clinical investigation, and knowledge dissemination and standardization─is imperative to propel the leishmaniasis field toward translational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srushti Tambe
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India
| | - Sagnik Nag
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Shivani R Pandya
- Research and Development Cell & Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Centre for Development of Biomaterials and Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Kalpana Balakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu 637215, India
| | - Ranvijay Kumar
- University Centre for Research and Development and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Purnima Amin
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Development of Biomaterials and Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India
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48
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Gao Y, Huang Y, Ren C, Chou P, Wu C, Pan X, Quan G, Huang Z. Looking back, moving forward: protein corona of lipid nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5573-5588. [PMID: 38757190 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are commonly employed for drug delivery owing to their considerable drug-loading capacity, low toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the formation of protein corona (PC) on their surfaces significantly influences the drug's in vivo fate (such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) upon administration. PC denotes the phenomenon wherein one or multiple strata of proteins adhere to the external interface of nanoparticles (NPs) or microparticles within the biological milieu, encompassing ex vivo fluids (e.g., serum-containing culture media) and in vivo fluids (such as blood and tissue fluids). Hence, it is essential to claim the PC formation behaviors and mechanisms on the surface of LNPs. This overview provided a comprehensive examination of crucial aspects related to such issues, encompassing time evolution, controllability, and their subsequent impacts on LNPs. Classical studies of PC generation on the surface of LNPs were additionally integrated, and its decisive role in shaping the in vivo fate of LNPs was explored. The mechanisms underlying PC formation, including the adsorption theory and alteration theory, were introduced to delve into the formation process. Subsequently, the existing experimental outcomes were synthesized to offer insights into the research and application facets of PC, and it was concluded that the manipulation of PC held substantial promise in the realm of targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Yeqi Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanyu Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Peiwen Chou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Guilan Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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49
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Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Knight G, Kmiecik D. Liposomes as Carriers of Bioactive Compounds in Human Nutrition. Foods 2024; 13:1814. [PMID: 38928757 PMCID: PMC11202941 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the literature data on the role of liposomal structures and encapsulated substances in food technology and human nutrition. The paper briefly describes how liposomes are created and how they encapsulate food ingredients, which can either be individual compounds or plant extracts. Another very interesting application of liposomes is their use as antimicrobial carriers to protect food products from spoilage during storage. The encapsulation of food ingredients in liposomes can increase their bioavailability, which is particularly important for compounds with health-promoting properties but low bioavailability. Particular attention was paid to compounds such as phytosterols, which lower blood cholesterol levels but have very low absorption in the human body. In addition, consumer expectations and regulations for liposomes in food are discussed. To date, no in vivo human studies have been conducted to indicate which encapsulation methods give the best results for gastrointestinal effects and which food-added substances are most stable during food storage and processing. The paper identifies further lines of research that are needed before liposomes can be introduced into food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (A.G.); (G.K.); (D.K.)
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50
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Banda A, Impomeni O, Singh A, Baloch AR, Hu W, Jaijyan DK. Precision in Action: The Role of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas in Gene Therapies. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:636. [PMID: 38932365 PMCID: PMC11209408 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12060636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated enzyme-CAS holds great promise for treating many uncured human diseases and illnesses by precisely correcting harmful point mutations and disrupting disease-causing genes. The recent Food and Drug Association (FDA) approval of the first CRISPR-based gene therapy for sickle cell anemia marks the beginning of a new era in gene editing. However, delivering CRISPR specifically into diseased cells in vivo is a significant challenge and an area of intense research. The identification of new CRISPR/Cas variants, particularly ultra-compact CAS systems with robust gene editing activities, paves the way for the low-capacity delivery vectors to be used in gene therapies. CRISPR/Cas technology has evolved beyond editing DNA to cover a wide spectrum of functionalities, including RNA targeting, disease diagnosis, transcriptional/epigenetic regulation, chromatin imaging, high-throughput screening, and new disease modeling. CRISPR/Cas can be used to engineer B-cells to produce potent antibodies for more effective vaccines and enhance CAR T-cells for the more precise and efficient targeting of tumor cells. However, CRISPR/Cas technology has challenges, including off-target effects, toxicity, immune responses, and inadequate tissue-specific delivery. Overcoming these challenges necessitates the development of a more effective and specific CRISPR/Cas delivery system. This entails strategically utilizing specific gRNAs in conjunction with robust CRISPR/Cas variants to mitigate off-target effects. This review seeks to delve into the intricacies of the CRISPR/Cas mechanism, explore progress in gene therapies, evaluate gene delivery systems, highlight limitations, outline necessary precautions, and scrutinize the ethical considerations associated with its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrutha Banda
- Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing Township, NJ 08618, USA
| | - Olivia Impomeni
- Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing Township, NJ 08618, USA
| | - Aparana Singh
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Agartala 799046, India;
| | - Abdul Rasheed Baloch
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Dabbu Kumar Jaijyan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
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