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Shafe MO, Gumede NM, Nyakudya TT, Chivandi E. Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant with Multiple Health Benefits. J Nutr Metab 2024; 2024:6252426. [PMID: 38883868 PMCID: PMC11179732 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6252426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid predominantly found in tomatoes and tomato-based products. Like other phytochemicals, it exhibits health beneficial biological activities that can be exploited when it is used as a dietary supplement. In vitro and in vivo, lycopene has been demonstrated to mitigate oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunctions and diseases including inflammation, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Lycopene has been shown to alleviate metabolic diseases that affect the bone, eye, kidney, liver, lungs, heart, and nervous system. This review presents the state of the art regarding lycopene's health benefits and its potential applications in health system delivery. Furthermore, lycopene's protective effects against toxins, safety in its use, and possible toxicity are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Omoye Shafe
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Bingham University, P.M.B. 005, New Karu, Nasarawa 961002, Nigeria
| | - Nontobeko Myllet Gumede
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Trevor Tapiwa Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Eliton Chivandi
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
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Piras F, Sogos V, Pollastro F, Appendino G, Rosa A. Arzanol, a natural phloroglucinol α-pyrone, protects HaCaT keratinocytes against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress, counteracting cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial depolarization. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:720-732. [PMID: 38152000 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Skin oxidative stress results in structural damage, leading to premature senescence, and pathological conditions such as inflammation and cancer. The plant-derived prenylated pyrone-phloroglucinol heterodimer arzanol, isolated from Helichrysum italicum ssp. microphyllum (Willd.) Nyman aerial parts, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. This study explored the arzanol protection against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative damage in HaCaT human keratinocytes in terms of its ability to counteract cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Arzanol safety on HaCaT cells was preliminarily examined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and microscopic observation. The arzanol pre-incubation (5-100 μM, for 24 h) did not induce cytotoxicity and morphological alterations. The phloroglucinol, at 50 μM, significantly protected keratinocytes against cytotoxicity induced by 2 h-incubation with 2.5 and 5 mM H2O2, decreased cell ROS production induced by 1 h-exposure to all tested H2O2 concentrations (0.5-5 mM), as determined by the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) assay, and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] method). The 2-h incubation of keratinocytes with H2O2 determined a significant increase of apoptotic cells versus control cells, evaluated by NucView® 488 assay, from the dose of 2.5 mM. Moreover, an evident mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, monitored by fluorescent mitochondrial dye MitoView™ 633, was assessed at 5 mM H2O2. Arzanol pre-treatment (50 μM) exerted a strong significant protective effect against apoptosis, preserving the mitochondrial membrane potential of HaCaT cells at the highest H2O2 concentrations. Our results validate arzanol as an antioxidant agent for the prevention/treatment of skin oxidative-related disorders, qualifying its potential use for cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Piras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Italy
| | - Valeria Sogos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, 28100, Italy
- PlantaChem S.r.l.s, Novara, 28100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, 28100, Italy
| | - Antonella Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Italy
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Mashhouri S, Rahmati A, Azimi A, Fava RA, Ismail IH, Walker J, Elahi S. Targeting Dectin-1 and or VISTA enhances anti-tumor immunity in melanoma but not colorectal cancer model. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00950-w. [PMID: 38668817 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acquired resistance to immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) is a major barrier in cancer treatment, emphasizing the need for innovative strategies. Dectin-1 (gene Clec7a) is a C-type lectin receptor best known for its ability to recognize β-glucan-rich structures in fungal cell walls. While Dectin-1 is expressed in myeloid cells and tumor cells, its significance in cancer remains the subject of controversy. METHODS Using Celc7a-/- mice and curdlan administration to stimulate Dectin-1 signaling, we explored its impact. VISTA KO mice were employed to assess VISTA's role, and bulk RNAseq analyzed curdlan effects on neutrophils. RESULTS Our findings reveal myeloid cells as primary Dectin-1 expressing cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), displaying an activated phenotype. Strong Dectin-1 co-expression/co-localization with VISTA and PD-L1 in TME myeloid cells was observed. While Dectin-1 deletion lacked protective effects, curdlan stimulation significantly curtailed B16-F10 tumor progression. RNAseq and pathway analyses supported curdlan's role in triggering a cascade of events leading to increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators, potentially resulting in the recruitment and activation of immune cells. Moreover, we identified a heterogeneous subset of Dectin-1+ effector T cells in the TME. Similar to mice, human myeloid cells are the prominent cells expressing Dectin-1 in cancer patients. CONCLUSION Our study proposes Dectin-1 as a potential adjunctive target with ICBs, orchestrating a comprehensive engagement of innate and adaptive immune responses in melanoma. This innovative approach holds promise for overcoming acquired resistance to ICBs in cancer treatment, offering avenues for further exploration and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Mashhouri
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Amirhossein Rahmati
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ako Azimi
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Roy A Fava
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research Service, White River Junction, VT, USA
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Ismail Hassan Ismail
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - John Walker
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Bahmanpour A, Ghoreishian SM, Sepahvandi A. Electromagnetic Modulation of Cell Behavior: Unraveling the Positive Impacts in a Comprehensive Review. Ann Biomed Eng 2024:10.1007/s10439-024-03519-8. [PMID: 38652384 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
There are numerous effective procedures for cell signaling, in which humans directly transmit detectable signals to cells to govern their essential behaviors. From a biomedical perspective, the cellular response to the combined influence of electrical and magnetic fields holds significant promise in various domains, such as cancer treatment, targeted drug delivery, gene therapy, and wound healing. Among these modern cell signaling methods, electromagnetic fields (EMFs) play a pivotal role; however, there remains a paucity of knowledge concerning the effects of EMFs across all wavelengths. It's worth noting that most wavelengths are incompatible with human cells, and as such, this study excludes them from consideration. In this review, we aim to comprehensively explore the most effective and current EMFs, along with their therapeutic impacts on various cell types. Specifically, we delve into the influence of alternating electromagnetic fields (AEMFs) on diverse cell behaviors, encompassing proliferation, differentiation, biomineralization, cell death, and cell migration. Our findings underscore the substantial potential of these pivotal cellular behaviors in advancing the treatment of numerous diseases. Moreover, AEMFs wield a significant role in the realms of biomaterials and tissue engineering, given their capacity to decisively influence biomaterials, facilitate non-invasive procedures, ensure biocompatibility, and exhibit substantial efficacy. It is worth mentioning that AEMFs often serve as a last-resort treatment option for various diseases. Much about electromagnetic fields remains a mystery to the scientific community, and we have yet to unravel the precise mechanisms through which wavelengths control cellular fate. Consequently, our understanding and knowledge in this domain predominantly stem from repeated experiments yielding similar effects. In the ensuing sections of this article, we delve deeper into our extended experiments and research.
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Kim HJ, Jin SP, Kang J, Bae SH, Son JB, Oh JH, Youn H, Kim SK, Kang KW, Chung JH. Uncovering the impact of UV radiation on mitochondria in dermal cells: a STED nanoscopy study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8675. [PMID: 38622160 PMCID: PMC11018800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55778-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles in cellular energy metabolism and other cellular functions. Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to cellular damage and can potentially contribute to the aging process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the subcellular structure of mitochondria and their activities in various cellular environments using super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy. We examined the morphological dispersion of mitochondria below the diffraction limit in sub-cultured human primary skin fibroblasts and mouse skin tissues. Confocal microscopy provides only the overall morphology of the mitochondrial membrane and an indiscerptible location of nucleoids within the diffraction limit. Conversely, super-resolution STED nanoscopy allowed us to resolve the nanoscale distribution of translocase clusters on the mitochondrial outer membrane and accurately quantify the number of nucleoids per cell in each sample. Comparable results were obtained by analyzing the translocase distribution in the mouse tissues. Furthermore, we precisely and quantitatively analyzed biomolecular distribution in nucleoids, such as the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), using STED nanoscopy. Our findings highlight the efficacy of super-resolution fluorescence imaging in quantifying aging-related changes on the mitochondrial sub-structure in cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Jun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Seon-Pil Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jooyoun Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - So Hyeon Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jung Bae Son
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Youn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Seong Keun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Dachani S, Kaleem M, Mujtaba MA, Mahajan N, Ali SA, Almutairy AF, Mahmood D, Anwer MK, Ali MD, Kumar S. A Comprehensive Review of Various Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Skin Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10030-10048. [PMID: 38463249 PMCID: PMC10918819 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Skin cancer (SC) poses a global threat to the healthcare system and is expected to increase significantly over the next two decades if not diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment, as the disease becomes more challenging to cure as it progresses. However, identifying new drugs, achieving clinical success, and overcoming drug resistance remain significant challenges. To overcome these obstacles and provide effective treatment, it is crucial to understand the causes of skin cancer, how cells grow and divide, factors that affect cell growth, and how drug resistance occurs. In this review, we have explained various therapeutic approaches for SC treatment via ligands, targeted photosensitizers, natural and synthetic drugs for the treatment of SC, an epigenetic approach for management of melanoma, photodynamic therapy, and targeted therapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma. This article also provides a detailed summary of the various natural drugs that are effective in managing melanoma and reducing the occurrence of skin cancer at early stages and focuses on the current status and future prospects of various therapies available for the management of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudharshan
Reddy Dachani
- Department
of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Kaleem
- Department
of Pharmacology, Babasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Md. Ali Mujtaba
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern
Border University, Arar 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilesh Mahajan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dabasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayyed A. Ali
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dabasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ali F Almutairy
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danish Mahmood
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Daud Ali
- Department
of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for
Medical Sciences, Abdulrazaq Bin Hammam Street, Al Safa 34222, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
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Tan C, Peng K, Lim T, Liu J, Ye Y, Lim L, Gao P, Oblong JE, Lam T. The combination of allantoin, bisabolol, D-panthenol and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate mitigates UVB-induced PGE 2 synthesis by keratinocytes. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024. [PMID: 38433250 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Erythema, characterized by the redness of the skin, is a common skin reaction triggered by various endogenous and exogenous factors. This response is often a result of the activation of underlying inflammatory mechanisms within the skin. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential benefits of applying a combination of skincare ingredients, namely allantoin, bisabolol, D-panthenol and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (AB5D), in the modulation of inflammatory factors associated with erythema. Additionally, the study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which these ingredients exert their combined actions to alleviate erythema-associated inflammation. METHODS Human epidermal keratinocytes were exposed to UVB and subsequently treated with AB5D. Transcriptomics profiling was performed to analyse the dose-response effect of AB5D treatment on keratinocytes. The quantitation of inflammatory mediators, including PGE2 , IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1RA and TNFα, was performed on cultured media. Additionally, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay was carried out to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity of both individual ingredients and the AB5D combination. To assess the in-vitro antioxidant effects of AB5D against UVB-induced oxidative stress in hTERT keratinocytes, real-time quantitation of mitochondrial superoxide was measured through live-cell imaging. RESULTS The application of AB5D to UVB-exposed keratinocytes downregulated gene sets associated with inflammatory responses, highlighting the anti-inflammatory properties of AB5D. Specifically, AB5D effectively reduced the production of PGE2 , leading to the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, our findings indicate that AB5D exhibits antioxidative capabilities, functioning as both an antioxidant agent and a regulator of antioxidant enzyme expression to counteract the detrimental effects of cellular oxidative stress. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that AB5D can reduce UVB-induced PGE2 , IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1RA and TNFα as well as mitochondrial superoxide. These findings suggest that AB5D may alleviate erythema by modulating inflammation via PGE2 and through antioxidation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Tan
- Singapore Innovation Center, Procter & Gamble, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ke Peng
- Tian Zhu Kong Gang Development Zone, Beijing Innovation Center, Procter & Gamble, Beijing, China
| | - TianYong Lim
- Singapore Innovation Center, Procter & Gamble, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Procter & Gamble (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Tian Zhu Kong Gang Development Zone, Beijing Innovation Center, Procter & Gamble, Beijing, China
| | - Linda Lim
- Singapore Innovation Center, Procter & Gamble, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei Gao
- Procter & Gamble (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | | | - TzeHau Lam
- Singapore Innovation Center, Procter & Gamble, Singapore, Singapore
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Farhan M. The Promising Role of Polyphenols in Skin Disorders. Molecules 2024; 29:865. [PMID: 38398617 PMCID: PMC10893284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The biochemical characteristics of polyphenols contribute to their numerous advantageous impacts on human health. The existing research suggests that plant phenolics, whether consumed orally or applied directly to the skin, can be beneficial in alleviating symptoms and avoiding the development of many skin disorders. Phenolic compounds, which are both harmless and naturally present, exhibit significant potential in terms of counteracting the effects of skin damage, aging, diseases, wounds, and burns. Moreover, polyphenols play a preventive role and possess the ability to delay the progression of several skin disorders, ranging from small and discomforting to severe and potentially life-threatening ones. This article provides a concise overview of recent research on the potential therapeutic application of polyphenols for skin conditions. It specifically highlights studies that have investigated clinical trials and the use of polyphenol-based nanoformulations for the treatment of different skin ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Portocarrero Huang G, Idkowiak-Baldys J, Liebel F, Jones C, Haxaire C, DiNatale L, Bayat A, Glynn JR. L-4-thiazolylalanine (Protinol), a novel non-proteinogenic amino acid, demonstrates epidermal and dermal efficacy with clinically observable benefits. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:24-38. [PMID: 37562497 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Facial skin undergoes major structural and functional changes as a result of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The goal of the current work is to demonstrate L-4-thiazolylalaine (L4, Protinol), a non-proteinogenic amino acid shown to stimulate the production of dermal proteins by fibroblasts, is an alternative efficacious topical ingredient for visible signs of ageing. METHODS In vitro studies using 3D human skin tissue models were performed to show changes in protein and gene expression of key dermal markers in samples treated with 0.3% L4 compared to vehicle control. In vivo evaluation of skin turnover was measured in volunteers after treatment with L4 compared to retinol. Skin biopsies (n = 30) were taken to investigate epidermal and dermal changes in cases treated with L4 and compared to retinol. Finally, a clinical evaluation (n = 28) was conducted to assess the efficacy of L4 over a base formulation using various ageing parameters within a population of women 46-66 years old with mild-to-moderate wrinkles. RESULTS In vitro studies on 3D tissues displayed significant changes in the dermal matrix via an increase in HA and pro-collagen I production and a decrease in the expression of inflammatory genes. In vivo biopsy studies demonstrated that L4 and retinol independently increased epidermal thickness and collagen remodelling significantly more compared with the base formula. Clinical evaluation showed firmer and smoother skin at day 28 post-treatment with L4 over the vehicle control without causing side effects such as redness or irritation. CONCLUSION L4 is a novel, multi-functional ingredient which offers a superior alternative to currently available technologies for improving epidermal and dermal parameters that change during ageing and photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Portocarrero Huang
- Avon Skin Care Institute, Global Research and Development, Avon Products Inc., Suffern, New York, USA
| | - Jolanta Idkowiak-Baldys
- Avon Skin Care Institute, Global Research and Development, Avon Products Inc., Suffern, New York, USA
| | - Frank Liebel
- Avon Skin Care Institute, Global Research and Development, Avon Products Inc., Suffern, New York, USA
| | - Constantina Jones
- Avon Skin Care Institute, Global Research and Development, Avon Products Inc., Suffern, New York, USA
| | - Coline Haxaire
- Avon Skin Care Institute, Global Research and Development, Avon Products Inc., Suffern, New York, USA
| | - Lisa DiNatale
- Avon Skin Care Institute, Global Research and Development, Avon Products Inc., Suffern, New York, USA
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- MRC Wound Healing Unit, Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - John R Glynn
- Avon Skin Care Institute, Global Research and Development, Avon Products Inc., Suffern, New York, USA
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Yang M, Luo J, Zha J, Geng S, Zeng W. Exosomes from hypoxic pretreated ADSCs attenuate ultraviolet light-induced skin injury via GLRX5 delivery and ferroptosis inhibition. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:55-63. [PMID: 38100056 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00498-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Accumulation studies have found that adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) exosomes have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. The current study verified their therapeutic potential to elucidate mechanisms of ADSC exosome actions in ultraviolet B (UVB) light-induced skin injury. Exosomes were isolated from ADSCs and hypoxic pretreated ADSCs. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was applied to characterize differential mRNA expression. A UV-induced mice skin injury model was generated to investigate therapeutic effects regarding the exosomes via immunofluorescence and ELISA analysis. Regulatory mechanisms were illustrated using luciferase report analysis and in vitro experiments. The results demonstrated that exosomes from hypoxic pretreated ADSCs (HExos) inhibited UVB light-induced vascular injury by reversing reactive oxygen species, inflammatory factor expression and excessive collagen degradation. NGS showed that HExos inhibits UV-induced skin damage via GLRX5 delivery, while GLRX5 downregulation inhibited the therapeutic effect of HExos on UV-induced skin damage. GLRX5 upregulation increased the protective Exo effect on UV-induced skin and EPC damage by inhibiting ferroptosis, inflammatory cytokine expression and excessive collagen degradation. Therefore, the data indicate that HExos attenuate UV light-induced skin injury via GLRX5 delivery and ferroptosis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengyao Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jindong Zha
- Department of Cosmetic Dermatology, Mylike Cosmetology Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Songmei Geng
- Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Weihui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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Lin CH, Lin MH, Chung YK, Alalaiwe A, Hung CF, Fang JY. Exploring the potential of the nano-based sunscreens and antioxidants for preventing and treating skin photoaging. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140702. [PMID: 37979799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Excessive exposure to sunlight, especially UV irradiation, causes skin photodamage. Sunscreens, such as TiO2 and ZnO, can potentially prevent UV via scattering, reflection, and absorption. Topical antioxidants are another means of skin photoprotection. Developing nanoparticles for sunscreens and antioxidants is recommended for photoaging prevention and treatment as it can improve uncomfortable skin appearance, stability, penetration, and safety. This study reviewed the effects of nano-sized sunscreens and antioxidants on skin photoprevention by examining published studies and articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, which explore the topics of skin photoaging, skin senescence, UV radiation, keratinocyte, dermal fibroblast, sunscreen, antioxidant, and nanoparticle. The researchers of this study also summarized the nano-based UV filters and therapeutics for mitigating skin photoaging. The skin photodamage mechanisms are presented, followed by the introduction of current skin photoaging treatment. The different nanoparticle types used for topical delivery were also explored in this study. This is followed by the mechanisms of how nanoparticles improve the UV filters and antioxidant performance. Lastly, recent investigations were reviewed on nanoparticulate sunscreens and antioxidants in skin photoaging management. Sunscreens and antioxidants for topical application have different concepts. Topical antioxidants are ideal for permeating into the skin to exhibit free radical scavenging activity, while UV filters are prescribed to remain on the skin surface without absorption to exert the UV-blocking effect without causing toxicity. The nanoparticle design strategy for meeting the different needs of sunscreens and antioxidants is also explored in this study. Although the benefits of using nanoparticles for alleviating photodamage are well-established, more animal-based and clinical studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lin
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kuo Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; PhD Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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12
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Indirapriyadarshini R, Radhiga T, Kanimozhi G, Prasad NR. Preventive effect of andrographolide against ultraviolet-B radiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic signaling in human dermal fibroblasts. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1370-1382. [PMID: 37842803 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation induces oxidative photoaging in the skin cells. In this study, we investigated the ability of andrographolide (ADP) to protect human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) from UVB radiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. The HDFa cells were exposed to UVB (19.8 mJ/cm2 ) radiation in the presence or absence of ADP (7 μM) and then oxidative stress and apoptotic protein expression were analyzed. UVB exposure resulted in a significant decline in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and altered mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Furthermore, UVB-irradiation causes increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptotic morphological changes, and lipid peroxidation levels in the HDFa. Moreover, the pretreatment with ADP reduced the UVB-induced cytotoxicity, ROS production, and increased antioxidant enzymes activity. Further, the ADP pretreatment prevents the UVB-induced loss of MMP and apoptotic signaling in HDFa cells. Therefore, the present results suggest that ADP protects HDFa cells from UVB-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thangaiyan Radhiga
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Govindasamy Kanimozhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, India
| | - N Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
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13
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Martic I, Papaccio F, Bellei B, Cavinato M. Mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism across skin cells: implications for skin homeostasis and aging. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1284410. [PMID: 38046945 PMCID: PMC10693346 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1284410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of human skin is a complex process leading to a decline in homeostasis and regenerative potential of this tissue. Mitochondria are important cell organelles that have a crucial role in several cellular mechanisms such as energy production and free radical maintenance. However, mitochondrial metabolism as well as processes of mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and degradation varies considerably among the different types of cells that populate the skin. Disturbed mitochondrial function is known to promote aging and inflammation of the skin, leading to impairment of physiological skin function and the onset of skin pathologies. In this review, we discuss the essential role of mitochondria in different skin cell types and how impairment of mitochondrial morphology, physiology, and metabolism in each of these cellular compartments of the skin contributes to the process of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Martic
- Institute for Biochemical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Federica Papaccio
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center for Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center for Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cavinato
- Institute for Biochemical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Innsbruck, Austria
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14
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Mould RR, Kalampouka I, Thomas EL, Guy GW, Nunn AVW, Bell JD. Non-chemical signalling between mitochondria. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1268075. [PMID: 37811497 PMCID: PMC10560087 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1268075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of studies have reported some form of non-chemical or non-aqueous communication between physically isolated organisms, eliciting changes in cellular proliferation, morphology, and/or metabolism. The sources and mechanisms of such signalling pathways are still unknown, but have been postulated to involve vibration, volatile transmission, or light through the phenomenon of ultraweak photon emission. Here, we report non-chemical communication between isolated mitochondria from MCF7 (cancer) and MCF10A (non-cancer) cell lines. We found that mitochondria in one cuvette stressed by an electron transport chain inhibitor, antimycin, alters the respiration of mitochondria in an adjacent, but chemically and physically separate cuvette, significantly decreasing the rate of oxygen consumption compared to a control (p = <0.0001 in MCF7 and MCF10A mitochondria). Moreover, the changes in O2-consumption were dependent on the origin of mitochondria (cancer vs. non-cancer) as well as the presence of "ambient" light. Our results support the existence of non-chemical signalling between isolated mitochondria. The experimental design suggests that the non-chemical communication is light-based, although further work is needed to fully elucidate its nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys R. Mould
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ifigeneia Kalampouka
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - E. Louise Thomas
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alistair V. W. Nunn
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
- The Guy Foundation, Dorset, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy D. Bell
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
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15
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McKinley BJ, Allen ME, Michels N. Photodistributed Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and proposal for a new diagnostic classification. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:188. [PMID: 37303053 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is commonly reported as a risk factor for Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). However, minimal evaluation of photo-induced SJS/TEN has been conducted. Thus, this review identifies all cases of SJS/TEN that are linked to an acute exposure of UVR and outlines the unifying characteristics of these cases. Furthermore, the theoretical pathogenesis, differential diagnoses, and proposed diagnostic criteria are defined. METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, and other databases and websites were searched from inception to September 2021 to identify studies that met inclusion criteria. The following keywords were utilized: "Stevens-Johnson syndrome" and "toxic epidermal necrolysis" with "ultraviolet," "photodistributed," "photo-induced," "photosensitivity," and "photo." One reviewer assessed study characteristics, with confirmation by a second. The risk of bias was assessed independently by another. RESULTS Thirteen patient cases were identified, all reporting ultraviolet radiation prior to rash onset and an underlying causal drug. Case classifications included 7/13 SJS and 6/13 TEN. All cases described the rash as photodistributed with UVR exposure prior to rash onset (delay of 1-3 days) and a causal drug. 10 cases provided evidence that the photodistributed rash lacked linear demarcation (as in a sunburn) with satellite target-like lesions. No cases described a flu-like prodrome. DISCUSSION Mucositis, palmar and plantar rash, a positive Nikolsky sign, and a prolonged disease course can help distinguish from photosensitive reactions, while a negative direct immunofluorescence test is important to distinguish from other photo-induced disorders. CONCLUSION Physicians should be aware that UVR may precipitate SJS/TEN in patients taking susceptible drugs. After a 24-h delay from UVR exposure, a non-distinct, photodistributed rash appears with no flu-like prodrome and progresses for at least 48 h to include vesiculobullous eruptions and mucous membrane involvement. Photodistributed SJS/TEN appears to be photo-drug-induced with a unique onset and rash presentation that should be recognized as a distinct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Jeffrey McKinley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| | - Mitchell Edger Allen
- Department of Primary Care, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ivins, UT, 84738, USA
| | - Nicole Michels
- Department of Medical Humanities and Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 8401 S. Chambers Road, Parker, CO, 80134, USA.
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16
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Hajikarimlou M, Hooshyar M, Sunba N, Nazemof N, Moutaoufik MT, Phanse S, Said KB, Babu M, Holcik M, Samanfar B, Smith M, Golshani A. A Correlation between 3'-UTR of OXA1 Gene and Yeast Mitochondrial Translation. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040445. [PMID: 37108900 PMCID: PMC10143089 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria possess their own DNA (mtDNA) and are capable of carrying out their transcription and translation. Although protein synthesis can take place in mitochondria, the majority of the proteins in mitochondria have nuclear origin. 3' and 5' untranslated regions of mRNAs (3'-UTR and 5'-UTR, respectively) are thought to play key roles in directing and regulating the activity of mitochondria mRNAs. Here we investigate the association between the presence of 3'-UTR from OXA1 gene on a prokaryotic reporter mRNA and mitochondrial translation in yeast. OXA1 is a nuclear gene that codes for mitochondrial inner membrane insertion protein and its 3'-UTR is shown to direct its mRNA toward mitochondria. It is not clear, however, if this mRNA may also be translated by mitochondria. In the current study, using a β-galactosidase reporter gene, we provide genetic evidence for a correlation between the presence of 3'-UTR of OXA1 on an mRNA and mitochondrial translation in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajikarimlou
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Mohsen Hooshyar
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Noor Sunba
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Nazila Nazemof
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Mohamed Taha Moutaoufik
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Sadhena Phanse
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Kamaledin B Said
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2240, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohan Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Martin Holcik
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Bahram Samanfar
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre (ORDC), Ottawa, ON K2H 8S2, Canada
| | - Myron Smith
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Ashkan Golshani
- Department of Biology and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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17
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Melo CPB, Saito P, Martinez RM, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Pinto IC, Rodrigues CCA, Badaro-Garcia S, Vignoli JA, Baracat MM, Bussmann AJC, Georgetti SR, Verri WA, Casagrande R. Aspirin-Triggered Resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) Protects Mouse Skin against UVB-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052417. [PMID: 36903662 PMCID: PMC10005614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Intense exposure to UVB radiation incites excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation. The resolution of inflammation is an active process orchestrated by a family of lipid molecules that includes AT-RvD1, a specialized proresolving lipid mediator (SPM). AT-RvD1 is derived from omega-3, which presents anti-inflammatory activity and reduces oxidative stress markers. The present work aims to investigate the protective effect of AT-RvD1 on UVB-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in hairless mice. Animals were first treated with 30, 100, and 300 pg/animal AT-RvD1 (i.v.) and then exposed to UVB (4.14 J/cm2). The results showed that 300 pg/animal of AT-RvD1 could restrict skin edema, neutrophil and mast cell infiltration, COX-2 mRNA expression, cytokine release, and MMP-9 activity and restore skin antioxidant capacity as per FRAP and ABTS assays and control O2•- production, lipoperoxidation, epidermal thickening, and sunburn cells development. AT-RvD1 could reverse the UVB-induced downregulation of Nrf2 and its downstream targets GSH, catalase, and NOQ-1. Our results suggest that by upregulating the Nrf2 pathway, AT-RvD1 promotes the expression of ARE genes, restoring the skin's natural antioxidant defense against UVB exposition to avoid oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina P. B. Melo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
| | - Priscila Saito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
| | - Renata M. Martinez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
| | - Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ingrid C. Pinto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
| | - Camilla C. A. Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Badaro-Garcia
- Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Josiane A. Vignoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre of Exact Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcela M. Baracat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
| | - Allan J. C. Bussmann
- Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Sandra R. Georgetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Department of Pathology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, PR445, Cx. Postal 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: (W.A.V.); (R.C.)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Science, Londrina State University, Londrina 86038-350, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: (W.A.V.); (R.C.)
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18
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Tonolli PN, Vera Palomino CM, Junqueira HC, Baptista MS. The phototoxicity action spectra of visible light in HaCaT keratinocytes. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B: BIOLOGY 2023; 243:112703. [PMID: 37023538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Visible light (VL) surely affects human skin in several ways, exerting positive (tissue regeneration, pain relief) and negative (oxidation, inflammation) effects, depending on the radiation dose and wavelength. Nevertheless, VL continues to be largely disregarded in photoprotection strategies, perhaps because the molecular mechanisms occurring during the interaction of VL with endogenous photosensitizers (ePS) and the subsequent biological responses are still poorly understood. Besides, VL encompass photons with different properties and interaction capacities with the ePS, but there are no quantitative comparisons of their effects on humans. Here, we studied the effects of physiologically relevant doses of four wavelengths ranges of VL, i.e. (in nm), 408-violet, 466/478-blue, 522-green, 650-red, in immortalized human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT). The level of cytotoxicity/damage follows the order: violet>blue >green>red. Violet and blue light induced the highest levels of Fpg-sensitive lesions in nuclear DNA, oxidative stress, lysosomal and mitochondrial damage, disruption of the lysosomal-mitochondrial axis of cell homeostasis, blockade of the autophagic flux, as well as lipofuscin accumulation, greatly increasing the toxicity of wideband VL to human skin. We hope this work will stimulate in development of optimized sun protection strategies.
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19
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Liu HM, Cheng MY, Xun MH, Zhao ZW, Zhang Y, Tang W, Cheng J, Ni J, Wang W. Possible Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress-Induced Skin Cellular Senescence, Inflammation, and Cancer and the Therapeutic Potential of Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043755. [PMID: 36835162 PMCID: PMC9962998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As the greatest defense organ of the body, the skin is exposed to endogenous and external stressors that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). When the antioxidant system of the body fails to eliminate ROS, oxidative stress is initiated, which results in skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. Two main possible mechanisms underlie oxidative stress-induced skin cellular senescence, inflammation, and cancer. One mechanism is that ROS directly degrade biological macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, and lipids, that are essential for cell metabolism, survival, and genetics. Another one is that ROS mediate signaling pathways, such as MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, Nrf2, and SIRT1/FOXO, affecting cytokine release and enzyme expression. As natural antioxidants, plant polyphenols are safe and exhibit a therapeutic potential. We here discuss in detail the therapeutic potential of selected polyphenolic compounds and outline relevant molecular targets. Polyphenols selected here for study according to their structural classification include curcumin, catechins, resveratrol, quercetin, ellagic acid, and procyanidins. Finally, the latest delivery of plant polyphenols to the skin (taking curcumin as an example) and the current status of clinical research are summarized, providing a theoretical foundation for future clinical research and the generation of new pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Ming-Yan Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Meng-Han Xun
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jia Ni
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18918830550
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20
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Md Jaffri J. Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:7-20. [PMID: 36875194 PMCID: PMC9984103 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin has a solid protective system that includes the stratum corneum as the primary barrier and a complete antioxidant defence system to maintain the skin's normal redox homeostasis. The epidermal and dermal cells are continuously exposed to physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from cellular metabolic activities. Environmental insults, such as ultraviolet (UV) rays and air pollutants, also generate ROS that can contribute to structural damage of the skin. The antioxidant defence system ensures that the ROS level remains within the safe limit. In certain skin disorders, oxidative stress plays an important role, and there is an established interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of the condition. Lower levels of skin antioxidants indicate that oxidative stress may mediate the pathogenesis of the disorder. Accordingly, the total antioxidant level was also found to be lower in individuals with skin disorders in individuals with normal skin conditions. This review attempts to summarise the skin oxidant sources and antioxidant system. In addition, both skin and total antioxidant status of individuals with psoriasis, acne vulgaris, vitiligo and atopic dermatitis (AD), as well as their associations with the progression of these disorders will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Md Jaffri
- Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
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21
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Zhivagui M, Hoda A, Valenzuela N, Yeh YY, Dai J, He Y, Nandi SP, Otlu B, Van Houten B, Alexandrov LB. DNA damage and somatic mutations in mammalian cells after irradiation with a nail polish dryer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:276. [PMID: 36650165 PMCID: PMC9845303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet A light is commonly emitted by UV-nail polish dryers with recent reports suggesting that long-term use may increase the risk for developing skin cancer. However, no experimental evaluation has been conducted to reveal the effect of radiation emitted by UV-nail polish dryers on mammalian cells. Here, we show that irradiation by a UV-nail polish dryer causes high levels of reactive oxygen species, consistent with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Analysis of somatic mutations reveals a dose-dependent increase of C:G>A:T substitutions in irradiated samples with mutagenic patterns similar to mutational signatures previously attributed to reactive oxygen species. In summary, this study demonstrates that radiation emitted by UV-nail polish dryers can both damage DNA and permanently engrave mutations on the genomes of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts, human foreskin fibroblasts, and human epidermal keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zhivagui
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Areebah Hoda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Yi-Yu Yeh
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jason Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yudou He
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Shuvro P Nandi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Burcak Otlu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ludmil B Alexandrov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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22
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Hu SS, Li RY, Cao XH, Liu JJ, Wang ZH, Li Z, Yang ML, Liu JW, Hu LM, Lin CJ, Liu J, Wang CM. Structural integrity is essential for the protective effect of mitochondrial transplantation against UV-induced cell death. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 234:112534. [PMID: 35905626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transplantation (MT) is a new technology developed in recent years, which injects healthy mitochondria directly into damaged tissues or blood vessels to play a therapeutic role. This technology has been studied in many animal models of various diseases including myocardial ischemia, cerebral stroke, liver and lung injury, and even has been successfully used in the treatment of childhood heart disease. MT can quickly improve tissue function within a few minutes after injection. The speed with which MT improves tissue function is frequently questioned, for it is hard to understand how the whole mitochondrion transports to the damaged sites, enters cells and functions within such a short period of time. Are there small molecules of mitochondrial component responsible for the function of MT? To test this hypothesis, we established an ultra-violet (UV)-irradiated HeLa cell model. The results of colony formation, sulforhodamine B (SRB), and Hoechst 33342/PI double staining assay strongly indicated that MT exhibited a significant protective effect against UV irradiation damage. The UV irradiation-induced cell cycle arresting at S phase, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decreasing, and the related apoptosis signaling factors p-IKKα, p-p65, I-κB and the activation of caspase3 were all reversed by MT treatments to some extent. The mechanisms of MT were evaluated through comparing the effect of thermal inactivation, ultrasonic crushing, and repeated freezing and thawing treatments on MT function. These results denied the above hypothesis that mitochondrial component may be responsible for MT, excluded the function of ATP, mtDNA and other small molecules, and indicated that the mitochondria structural integrity is essential. We also evaluated the effect of Ca2+ concentrations (1 and 1.8 mM) on MT, and the results showed no effect was found in this UV-irradiated HeLa cell model. Our data support a potent anti-UV irradiation effect of MT, and that structural integrity of the mitochondria is critical for its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Ruo-Yun Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xin-Hui Cao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Ageing, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Mu-Lin Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jia-Wei Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Li-Ming Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Chang-Jun Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-Ming Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
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23
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Miazek K, Beton K, Śliwińska A, Brożek-Płuska B. The Effect of β-Carotene, Tocopherols and Ascorbic Acid as Anti-Oxidant Molecules on Human and Animal In Vitro/In Vivo Studies: A Review of Research Design and Analytical Techniques Used. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081087. [PMID: 36008981 PMCID: PMC9406122 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged elevated oxidative stress (OS) possesses negative effect on cell structure and functioning, and is associated with the development of numerous disorders. Naturally occurred anti-oxidant compounds reduce the oxidative stress in living organisms. In this review, antioxidant properties of β-carotene, tocopherols and ascorbic acid are presented based on in vitro, in vivo and populational studies. Firstly, environmental factors contributing to the OS occurrence and intracellular sources of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation, as well as ROS-mediated cellular structure degradation, are introduced. Secondly, enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanism of anti-oxidant defence against OS development, is presented. Furthermore, ROS-preventing mechanisms and effectiveness of β-carotene, tocopherols and ascorbic acid as anti-oxidants are summarized, based on studies where different ROS-generating (oxidizing) agents are used. Oxidative stress biomarkers, as indicators on OS level and prevention by anti-oxidant supplementation, are presented with a focus on the methods (spectrophotometric, fluorometric, chromatographic, immuno-enzymatic) of their detection. Finally, the application of Raman spectroscopy and imaging as a tool for monitoring the effect of anti-oxidant (β-carotene, ascorbic acid) on cell structure and metabolism, is proposed. Literature data gathered suggest that β-carotene, tocopherols and ascorbic acid possess potential to mitigate oxidative stress in various biological systems. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy and imaging can be a valuable technique to study the effect of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant molecules in cell studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Miazek
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Karolina Beton
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Brożek-Płuska
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
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24
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Kahremany S, Hofmann L, Gruzman A, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Cohen G. NRF2 in dermatological disorders: Pharmacological activation for protection against cutaneous photodamage and photodermatosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:262-276. [PMID: 35753587 PMCID: PMC9350913 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The skin barrier and its endogenous protective mechanisms cope daily with exogenous stressors, of which ultraviolet radiation (UVR) poses an imminent danger. Although the skin is able to reduce the potential damage, there is a need for comprehensive strategies for protection. This is particularly important when developing pharmacological approaches to protect against photocarcinogenesis. Activation of NRF2 has the potential to provide comprehensive and long-lasting protection due to the upregulation of numerous cytoprotective downstream effector proteins that can counteract the damaging effects of UVR. This is also applicable to photodermatosis conditions that exacerbate the damage caused by UVR. This review describes the alterations caused by UVR in normal skin and photosensitive disorders, and provides evidence to support the development of NRF2 activators as pharmacological treatments. Key natural and synthetic activators with photoprotective properties are summarized. Lastly, the gap in knowledge in research associated with photodermatosis conditions is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kahremany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel; The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel
| | - Lukas Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus, Eilat, 8855630, Israel.
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25
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He H, Xiong L, Jian L, Li L, Wu Y, Qiao S. Role of mitochondria on UV-induced skin damage and molecular mechanisms of active chemical compounds targeting mitochondria. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 232:112464. [PMID: 35597147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the principal place of energy metabolism and ROS production, leading to mtDNA being especially sensitive to the impacts of oxidative stress. Our review aims to elucidate and update the mechanisms of mitochondria in UV-induced skin damage. The mitochondrial deteriorative response to UV manifests morphological and functional alterations, including mitochondrial fusion and fission, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial energy metabolism and mitophagy. Additionally, we conclude the effect and molecular mechanisms of active chemical components to protect skin from UV-induced damage via mitochondrial protection which have been described in the last five years, showing prospective prospects in cosmetics as new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University and Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Lidan Xiong
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Cosmetic, Chengdu, China
| | - Linge Jian
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangman Li
- Orthopedics Department, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University and Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China.
| | - Shuai Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; National joint Engineering Research Center for Theranostics of Immunological Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University and Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China.
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26
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Pudlarz AM, Ranoszek-Soliwoda K, Karbownik MS, Czechowska E, Tomaszewska E, Celichowski G, Grobelny J, Chabielska E, Gromotowicz-Popławska A, Szemraj J. Antioxidant enzymes immobilized on gold and silver nanoparticles enhance DNA repairing systems of rat skin after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 43:102558. [PMID: 35390524 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate in vivo whether the application of immobilized superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) could enhance DNA repairing systems and reduce level of CPD (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers) and 6-4PP ((6-4) pyrimidine-pyrimidone photoproducts), and whether the immobilization on gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles affects the outcome. The study presents secondary analysis of our previous research. Three-day application of SOD and CAT in all forms of solution decreased the levels of CPD and 6-4PP boosted by UV irradiation. The mRNA expression level of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system genes (XPA, XPC, ERCC1, ERCC2, ERCC3, LIG1) increased after application of immobilized and free enzymes. Increased by UV irradiation, p53 mRNA expression level normalized with the enzyme application. In conclusion, application of free and immobilized antioxidant enzymes accelerates removal of harmful effects of UV radiation in the rat skin by increasing expression level of NER genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka M Pudlarz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | | | - Michał S Karbownik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Czechowska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Emilia Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Department of Medicine, Lazarski University, Warsaw, Poland.
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27
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Lohakul J, Jeayeng S, Chaiprasongsuk A, Torregrossa R, Wood ME, Saelim M, Thangboonjit W, Whiteman M, Panich U. Mitochondria-Targeted Hydrogen Sulfide Delivery Molecules Protect Against UVA-Induced Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts, and in Mouse Skin In Vivo. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:1268-1288. [PMID: 34235951 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play a role in the process of skin photoaging via activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and the subsequent degradation of collagen. The activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor controlling antioxidant and cytoprotective defense systems, might offer a pharmacological approach to prevent skin photoaging. We therefore investigated a pharmacological approach to prevent skin photoaging, and also investigated a protective effect of the novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide (H2S) delivery molecules AP39 and AP123, and nontargeted control molecules, on ultraviolet A light (UVA)-induced photoaging in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) in vitro and the skin of BALB/c mice in vivo. Results: In NHDFs, AP39 and AP123 (50-200 nM) but not nontargeted controls suppressed UVA (8 J/cm2)-mediated cytotoxicity and induction of MMP-1 activity, preserved cellular bioenergetics, and increased the expression of collagen and nuclear levels of Nrf2. In in vivo experiments, topical application of AP39 or AP123 (0.3-1 μM/cm2; but not nontargeted control molecules) to mouse skin before UVA (60 J/cm2) irradiation prevented skin thickening, MMP induction, collagen loss of oxidative stress markers 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), increased Nrf2-dependent signaling, as well as increased manganese superoxide dismutase levels and levels of the mitochondrial biogenesis marker peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α). Innovation and Conclusion: Targeting H2S delivery to mitochondria may represent a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of skin photoaging, as well as being useful tools for determining the role of mitochondrial H2S in skin disorders and aging. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 1268-1288.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinapath Lohakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saowanee Jeayeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anyamanee Chaiprasongsuk
- Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Mark E Wood
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Malinee Saelim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerawon Thangboonjit
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Uraiwan Panich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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28
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Wang SC, Yen CY, Shiau JP, Chang MY, Hou MF, Tang JY, Chang HW. Combined Treatment of Nitrated [6,6,6]Tricycles Derivative (SK2)/Ultraviolet C Highly Inhibits Proliferation in Oral Cancer Cells In Vitro. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051196. [PMID: 35625933 PMCID: PMC9138449 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined treatment is an effective strategy to improve anticancer therapy, but severe side effects frequently limit this application. Drugs inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, but not normal cells, display preferential antiproliferation to cancer cells. It shows the benefits of avoiding side effects and enhancing antiproliferation for combined treatment. Nitrated [6,6,6]tricycles derivative (SK2), a novel chemical exhibiting benzo-fused dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane core with an n-butyloxy substituent, exhibiting preferential antiproliferation, was chosen to evaluate its potential antioral cancer effect in vitro by combining it with ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation. Combination treatment (UVC/SK2) caused lower viability in oral cancer cells (Ca9-22 and OC-2) than single treatment (20 J/m2 UVC or 10 μg/mL SK2), i.e., 42.3%/41.1% vs. 81.6%/69.2%, and 89.5%/79.6%, respectively. In contrast, it showed a minor effect on cell viability of normal oral cells (HGF-1), ranging from 82.2 to 90.6%. Moreover, UVC/SK2 caused higher oxidative stress in oral cancer cells than normal cells through the examination of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial superoxide, and mitochondrial membrane potential. UVC/SK2 also caused subG1 increment associated with apoptosis detections by assessing annexin V; panaspase; and caspases 3, 8, and 9. The antiproliferation and oxidative stress were reverted by N-acetylcysteine, validating the involvement of oxidative stress in antioral cancer cells. UVC/SK2 also caused DNA damage by detecting γH2AX and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine in oral cancer cells. In conclusion, SK2 is an effective enhancer for improving the UVC-caused antiproliferation against oral cancer cells in vitro. UVC/SK2 demonstrated a preferential and synergistic antiproliferation ability towards oral cancer cells with little adverse effects on normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chieh Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (M.-F.H.)
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ping Shiau
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan;
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yang Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (M.-F.H.)
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan;
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.T.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +7-886-7-312-1101 (ext. 7158) (J.-Y.T.); +7-886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2691) (H.-W.C.)
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (M.-F.H.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.T.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +7-886-7-312-1101 (ext. 7158) (J.-Y.T.); +7-886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2691) (H.-W.C.)
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29
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Anti-Photoaging Effect of Hydrolysates from Pacific Whiting Skin via MAPK/AP-1, NF-κB, TGF-β/Smad, and Nrf-2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in UVB-Induced Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050308. [PMID: 35621960 PMCID: PMC9147990 DOI: 10.3390/md20050308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light promotes the breakdown of collagen in the skin and disrupts the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure, leading to skin wrinkling. Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) is a fish abundant on the Pacific coast. In the current study, we investigated the anti-wrinkle effect of hydrolysate from Pacific whiting skin gelatin (PWG) in UVB-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts and the molecular mechanisms involved. PWG effectively restored type 1 procollagen synthesis reduced by UVB-irradiation. Also, we found that PWG inhibited collagen degradation by inhibiting MMP1 expression. Furthermore, PWG decreased cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β associated with inflammatory responses and increased antioxidant enzymes, HO-1, SOD, GPx, CAT, and GSH content, a defense system against oxidative stress. In terms of molecular mechanisms, PWG increased collagen synthesis through activating the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad pathway and decreased collagen degradation through inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinases/activator protein 1 (MAPK/AP-1) pathway. It also suppressed the inflammatory response through suppressing the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway and increased antioxidant enzyme activity through activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf-2/HO-1) pathway. These multi-target mechanisms suggest that PWG may serve as an effective anti-photoaging material.
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30
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Chen H, Li Y, Xie X, Chen M, Xue L, Wang J, Ye Q, Wu S, Yang R, Zhao H, Zhang J, Ding Y, Wu Q. Exploration of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Photoaging Effect of Limosilactobacillus fermentum XJC60. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:838060. [PMID: 35573770 PMCID: PMC9104571 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.838060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were shown to be effective for preventing photoaging, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Accordingly, we examined the anti-photoaging potential of 206 LAB isolates and discovered 32 strains with protective activities against UV-induced injury. All of these 32 LABs exhibited high levels of 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl, as well as hydroxyl free radical scavenging ability (46.89–85.13% and 44.29–95.97%, respectively). Genome mining and metabonomic verification of the most effective strain, Limosilactobacillus fermentum XJC60, revealed that the anti-photoaging metabolite of LAB was nicotinamide (NAM; 18.50 mg/L in the cell-free serum of XJC60). Further analysis revealed that LAB-derived NAM could reduce reactive oxygen species levels by 70%, stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increase the NAD+/NADH ratio in UV-injured skin cells. Furthermore, LAB-derived NAM downregulated the transcript levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-3, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in skin cells. In vivo, XJC60 relieved imflammation and protected skin collagen fiber integrity in UV-injured Guinea pigs. Overall, our findings elucidate that LAB-derived NAM might protect skin from photoaging by stabilizing mitochondrial function, establishing a therotical foundation for the use of probiotics in the maintenance of skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runshi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingping Wu, ; Yu Ding,
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingping Wu, ; Yu Ding,
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González S, Aguilera J, Berman B, Calzavara-Pinton P, Gilaberte Y, Goh CL, Lim HW, Schalka S, Stengel F, Wolf P, Xiang F. Expert Recommendations on the Evaluation of Sunscreen Efficacy and the Beneficial Role of Non-filtering Ingredients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:790207. [PMID: 35433750 PMCID: PMC9008233 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.790207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of non-filtering agents have been introduced to enhance sunscreen photoprotection. Most of those agents have only weak erythema protective properties but may be valuable and beneficial in supporting protection against other effects of UV radiation, such as photoimmunosuppression, skin aging, and carcinogenesis, as well as photodermatoses. The question arises how to measure and evaluate this efficacy since standard SPF testing is not appropriate. In this perspective, we aim to provide a position statement regarding the actual value of SPF and UVA-PF to measure photoprotection. We argue whether new or additional parameters and scales can be used to better indicate the protection conferred by these products against the detrimental effects of natural/artificial, UV/visible light beyond sunburn, including DNA damage, photoimmunosuppression and pigmentation, and the potential benefits of the addition of other ingredients beyond traditional inorganic and organic filters to existing sunscreens. Also, we debate the overall usefulness of adding novel parameters that measure photoprotection to reach two tiers of users, that is, the general public and the medical community; and how this can be communicated to convey the presence of additional beneficial effects deriving from non-filtering agents, e.g., biological extracts. Finally, we provide a perspective on new challenges stemming from environmental factors, focusing on the role of the skin microbiome and the role of air pollutants and resulting needs for photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador González
- Medicine and Medical Specialties Department, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Salvador González,
| | - José Aguilera
- Dermatological Photobiology Laboratory, Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Brian Berman
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Florida, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Henry W. Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Sergio Schalka
- Photoprotection Laboratory, Medicine Skin Research Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Flora Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Medical College, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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32
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Combined Treatment with Cryptocaryone and Ultraviolet C Promotes Antiproliferation and Apoptosis of Oral Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062981. [PMID: 35328402 PMCID: PMC8950770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptocaryone (CPC) was previously reported as preferential for killing natural products in oral cancer cells. However, its radiosensitizing potential combined with ultraviolet C (UVC) cell killing of oral cancer cells remains unclear. This study evaluates the combined anti-proliferation effect and clarifies the mechanism of combined UVC/CPC effects on oral cancer cells. UVC/CPC shows higher anti-proliferation than individual and control treatments in a low cytotoxic environment on normal oral cells. Mechanistically, combined UVC/CPC generates high levels of reactive oxygen species and induces mitochondrial dysfunction by generating mitochondrial superoxide, increasing mitochondrial mass and causing the potential destruction of the mitochondrial membrane compared to individual treatments. Moreover, combined UVC/CPC causes higher G2/M arrest and triggers apoptosis, with greater evidence of cell cycle disturbance, annexin V, pancaspase, caspases 3/7 expression or activity in oral cancer cells than individual treatments. Western blotting further indicates that UVC/CPC induces overexpression for cleaved types of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase 3 more than individual treatments. Additionally, UVC/CPC highly induces γH2AX and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts as DNA damage in oral cancer cells. Taken together, CPC shows a radiosensitizing anti-proliferation effect on UVC irradiated oral cancer cells with combined effects through oxidative stress, apoptosis and DNA damage.
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33
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Amorim R, Cagide F, Tavares LC, Simões RF, Soares P, Benfeito S, Baldeiras I, Jones JG, Borges F, Oliveira PJ, Teixeira J. Mitochondriotropic antioxidant based on caffeic acid AntiOxCIN 4 activates Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defenses and quality control mechanisms to antagonize oxidative stress-induced cell damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:119-132. [PMID: 34954022 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key organelles involved in cellular survival, differentiation, and death induction. In this regard, mitochondrial morphology and/or function alterations are involved in stress-induced adaptive pathways, priming mitochondria for mitophagy or apoptosis induction. We have previously shown that the mitochondriotropic antioxidant AntiOxCIN4 (100 μM; 48 h) presented significant cytoprotective effect without affecting the viability of human hepatoma-derived (HepG2) cells. Moreover, AntiOxCIN4 (12.5 μM; 72 h) caused a mild increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels without toxicity to primary human skin fibroblasts (PHSF). As Nrf2 is a master regulator of the oxidative stress response inducing antioxidant-encoding gene expression, we hypothesized that AntiOxCIN4 could increase the resistance of human hepatoma-derived HepG2 to oxidative stress by Nrf2-dependent mechanisms, in a process mediated by mitochondrial ROS (mtROS). Here we showed that after an initial decrease in oxygen consumption paralleled by a moderate increase in superoxide anion levels, AntiOxCIN4 led to a time-dependent Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus. This was followed later by a 1.5-fold increase in basal respiration and a 1.2-fold increase in extracellular acidification. AntiOxCIN4 treatment enhanced mitochondrial quality by triggering the clearance of defective organelles by autophagy and/or mitophagy, coupled with increased mitochondrial biogenesis. AntiOxCIN4 also up-regulated the cellular antioxidant defense system. AntiOxCIN4 seems to have the ability to maintain hepatocyte redox homeostasis, regulating the electrophilic/nucleophilic tone, and preserve cellular physiological functions. The obtained data open a new avenue to explore the effects of AntiOxCIN4 in the context of preserving hepatic mitochondrial function in disorders, such as NASH/NAFLD and type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Amorim
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ludgero C Tavares
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; CIVG - Vasco da Gama Research Center, University School Vasco da Gama - EUVG, 3020-210, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui F Simões
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Soares
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - John G Jones
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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An JY, Kim C, Park NR, Jung HS, Koo TS, Yuk SH, Lee EH, Cho SH. Clinical Anti-aging Efficacy of Propolis Polymeric Nanoparticles Prepared by a Temperature-induced Phase Transition Method. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4060-4071. [PMID: 35001491 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen forms a dermal matrix in the skin. Biosynthesis and decomposition of collagen are the major processes in skin aging. Propolis is rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which are known to be effective in preventing skin aging, including the enhancement of fibroblast proliferation, activation, and growth capacity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a poorly soluble propolis extract as an active ingredient in cosmetic products for anti-aging efficacy. METHODS & RESULTS Polymeric nanoparticles containing propolis extract, polyethylene glycol 400, and poloxamer 407 were prepared via a temperature-induced phase transition method. The particle size of the polymeric nanoparticles was approximately 20.75 nm. The results of an in vitro procollagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide assay and a matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibition assay showed that the polymeric nanoparticles increased collagen production by 19.81%-24.59% compared to blank (p < 0.05), and significantly reduced intracellular collagenase activity by 7.46%-31.52% compared to blank (p < 0.05). In a clinical trial, polymeric nanoparticles in a cosmetic formulation were applied around the eyes of 24 female subjects for 8 weeks. Five skin parameters were significantly improved after the application of the test ampoule. Visual evaluation using the Global Photo Damage Score showed a significant reduction in wrinkles after the application of the test ampoules (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study outlines the development of stable polymeric nanoparticles containing poorly soluble propolis in a cosmetic formulation, and its efficacy in wrinkle improvement. The developed polymeric nanoparticles were effective for alleviating wrinkles and can be used for pharmaceutical applications that utilize propolis as antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimycotic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiulcer, anticancer, and immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Young An
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Sejong, Republic of Korea.,Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaejin Kim
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chungang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Park
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Yusung, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Soo Jung
- Hanstech, 1576-16, Chungui-ro, Jeongsan-myeon, Cheongyang-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Koo
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Yusung, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hong Yuk
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hang Cho
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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35
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Lawrence KP, Delinasios GJ, Premi S, Young AR, Cooke MS. Perspectives on Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers-Rise of the Dark Dimers †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:609-616. [PMID: 34706095 DOI: 10.1111/php.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Some early reports demonstrate that levels of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) may increase after UVR exposure had ended, although these observations were treated as artifacts. More recently, it has been shown unequivocally that CPD formation does occur post-irradiation, with maximal levels occurring after about 2-3 h. These lesions have been termed "dark CPD" (dCPD). Subsequent studies have confirmed their presence in vitro, in mouse models and in human skin in vivo. Melanin carbonyls have a role in the formation of dCPD, but they have also been observed in amelanotic systems, indicating other, unknown process(es) exist. In both cases, the formation of dCPD can be prevented by the presence of certain antioxidants. We lack data on the spectral dependence of dCPD, but it is unlikely to be the same as for incident CPD (iCPD), which are formed only during irradiation. There is evidence that iCPD and dCPD may have different repair kinetics, although this remains to be elucidated. It is also unknown whether iCPD and dCPD have different biological properties. The formation of dCPD in human skin in vivo has implications for post solar exposure photoprotection, and skin carcinogenesis, with a need for this to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl P Lawrence
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Sanjay Premi
- Tumor Biology Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Antony R Young
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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36
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Zheng X, Feng M, Wan J, Shi Y, Xie X, Pan W, Hu B, Wang Y, Wen H, Wang K, Cai S. Anti-damage effect of theaflavin-3'-gallate from black tea on UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells by photoprotection and maintaining cell homeostasis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 224:112304. [PMID: 34536907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocytes are rich in lipids and are the main sensitive cells to ultraviolet (UV) rays. Theaflavins are the core functional components of black tea and are known as the "soft gold" in tea. In this study, ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiation caused apoptosis and necrosis of human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT). EGCG and the four theaflavins had anti-UVB damage activity, among which theaflavin-3'-gallate (TF3'G) had the best activity. The results of biophysical and molecular biology experiments showed that TF3'G has anti-damage effects on UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells through the dual effects of photoprotection and maintenance of cell homeostasis. That is, TF3'G preincubation could absorb UV rays, reduce the accumulation of aging-related heterochromatin (SAHF) formation, increase mitochondrial membrane potential, downregulate NF-κB inflammation pathways, inhibit the formation of cytotoxic aggregates, and protect biological macromolecules Structure, etc. The accumulation of conjugated π bonds and the balance benzoquinone are the core functional structure of TF3'G with high efficiency and low toxicity. The study indicates that TF3'G has the potential to inhibit the photoaging and intrinsic aging of skin cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Meiyan Feng
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Juan Wan
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yulan Shi
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xinya Xie
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Baozhu Hu
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yingzi Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Haitao Wen
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Kunbo Wang
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Shuxian Cai
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Pârvănescu (Pană) RD, Watz CG, Moacă EA, Vlaia L, Marcovici I, Macașoi IG, Borcan F, Olariu I, Coneac G, Drăghici GA, Crăiniceanu Z, Flondor (Ionescu) D, Enache A, Dehelean CA. Oleogel Formulations for the Topical Delivery of Betulin and Lupeol in Skin Injuries-Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144174. [PMID: 34299450 PMCID: PMC8305438 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin integrity is essential due to its pivotal role as a biological barrier against external noxious factors. Pentacyclic triterpenes stand as valuable plant-derived natural compounds in the treatment of skin injuries due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and healing properties. Consequently, the primary aim of the current investigation was the development as well as the physicochemical and pharmaco-toxicological characterization of betulin- and lupeol-based oleogels (Bet OG and Lup OG) for topical application in skin injuries. The results revealed suitable pH as well as organoleptic, rheological, and textural properties. The penetration and permeation of Bet and Lup oleogels through porcine ear skin as well as the retention of both oleogels in the skin were demonstrated through ex vivo studies. In vitro, Bet OG and Lup OG showed good biocompatibility on HaCaT human immortalized cells. Moreover, Bet OG exerted a potent wound-healing property by stimulating the migration of the HaCaT cells. The in ovo results demonstrated the non-irritative potential of the developed formulations. Additionally, the undertaken in vivo investigation indicated a positive effect of oleogels treatment on skin parameters by increasing skin hydration and decreasing erythema. In conclusion, oleogel formulations are ideal for the local delivery of betulin and lupeol in skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Daniela Pârvănescu (Pană)
- Department VIII—Neuroscience, Discipline of Medical Deontology, Bioethics, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Claudia-Geanina Watz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.M.); (I.G.M.); (G.-A.D.); (D.F.); (C.A.D.)
| | - Elena-Alina Moacă
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.M.); (I.G.M.); (G.-A.D.); (D.F.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.-A.M.); (L.V.); Tel.: +40-745-762-600 (E.-A.M.); +40-723-570-499 (L.V.)
| | - Lavinia Vlaia
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.O.); (G.C.)
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.-A.M.); (L.V.); Tel.: +40-745-762-600 (E.-A.M.); +40-723-570-499 (L.V.)
| | - Iasmina Marcovici
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.M.); (I.G.M.); (G.-A.D.); (D.F.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Gabriela Macașoi
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.M.); (I.G.M.); (G.-A.D.); (D.F.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florin Borcan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Ioana Olariu
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.O.); (G.C.)
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Georgeta Coneac
- Department II—Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.O.); (G.C.)
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - George-Andrei Drăghici
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.M.); (I.G.M.); (G.-A.D.); (D.F.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zorin Crăiniceanu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Daniela Flondor (Ionescu)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.M.); (I.G.M.); (G.-A.D.); (D.F.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Enache
- Department VIII—Neuroscience, Discipline of Forensic Medicine, Bioethics, Deontology and Medical Law, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristina Adriana Dehelean
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.M.); (I.G.M.); (G.-A.D.); (D.F.); (C.A.D.)
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Square, RO-300041 Timisoara, Romania
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How does the skin sense sun light? An integrative view of light sensing molecules. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Xie D, Li YL, Wang GF, Jiang J, Sun LR. Ultraviolet light-emitting diode irradiation induces reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane potential reduction in HL-60 cells. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211016623. [PMID: 34038212 PMCID: PMC8161906 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211016623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV LED) irradiation at 280 nm has been confirmed to induce apoptosis in cultured HL-60 cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 280 nm UV LED irradiation on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in HL-60 cells. Methods HL-60 cells were irradiated with 0, 8, 15, or 30 J/m2 of 280 nm UV LED and incubated for 2 hours. The intracellular ROS levels were assessed using the fluorescent probe 2ʹ-7ʹ-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and a fluorescence plate reader. MMP was determined by flow cytometry using 5,5ʹ,6,6ʹ-tetrachloro-1,1ʹ,3,3ʹ-tetraethylbenzimidazol-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) staining. The apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were evaluated by western blot. Results UV LED irradiation at 280 nm induced a dose-dependent increase in ROS production and loss of MMP, and it activated apoptosis at irradiation doses of 8 to 30 J/m2. These results were consistent with a previous apoptosis study from the authors’ group. Conclusion Enhanced ROS production and mitochondrial depolarization are two distinct but interacting events, and both are involved in UV LED-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yun-Long Li
- Department of Pediatrics, People’s Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Gui-Fen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Zhaoyuan, Zhaoyuan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Rong Sun
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Li-Rong Sun, Department of Pediatric Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China.
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Biernacki M, Brzóska MM, Markowska A, Gałażyn-Sidorczuk M, Cylwik B, Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Blood of Rats Irradiated with UV: Protective Effect of Cannabidiol. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060821. [PMID: 34063802 PMCID: PMC8224002 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UVA/UVB radiation disturbs the redox balance of skin cells, and metabolic consequences can be transferred into the blood and internal tissues, especially after chronic skin exposure to UV radiation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cannabidiol (CBD), an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytocannabinoid, on oxidative stress and its consequences in the blood of nude rats whose skin was exposed to UVA/UVB radiation for 4 weeks. It was shown that CBD penetrated the blood and in UVB-irradiated rats was preferentially located in the membranes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which promoted reduction of ROS generation and up-regulation of antioxidant ability by increasing the activity of glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase, while the level of reduced glutathione decreased by UV radiation. Consequently, reduction in UV-induced lipid peroxidation, assessed as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 8-isoprostane (8-isoPGF2α) as well as protein modifications, estimated as 4-HNE-protein adducts and protein carbonyl groups, was observed. CBD, by countering the UV-induced down-regulation of 2-arachidonylglycerol, promoted its antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects by reducing CB1 and increasing PPARγ receptor activation and consequently ROS and TNF-α down-regulation. The results suggest that CBD applied topically to the skin minimizes redox changes not only at the skin level, but also at the systemic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Biernacki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, A. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Małgorzata Michalina Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, A. Mickiewicza 2C, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (M.M.B.); (M.G.-S.)
| | - Agnieszka Markowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, A. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Małgorzata Gałażyn-Sidorczuk
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, A. Mickiewicza 2C, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (M.M.B.); (M.G.-S.)
| | - Bogdan Cylwik
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, J. Waszyngtona 17, 15-269 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, A. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, A. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-857-485-708
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Feng M, Zheng X, Wan J, Pan W, Xie X, Hu B, Wang Y, Wen H, Cai S. Research progress on the potential delaying skin aging effect and mechanism of tea for oral and external use. Food Funct 2021; 12:2814-2828. [PMID: 33666618 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02921a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is characterized by the gradual loss of elasticity, the formation of wrinkles and various color spots, the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins, and the structural changes of the dermis. With the increasingly prominent problems of environmental pollution, social pressure, ozone layer thinning and food safety, skin problems have become more and more complex. The skin can reflect the overall health of the body. Skincare products for external use alone cannot fundamentally solve skin problems; it needs to improve the overall health of the body. Based on the literature review in recent 20 years, this paper systematically reviewed the potential delaying effect of tea and its active ingredients on skin aging by oral and external use. Tea is the second-largest health drink after water. It is rich in tea polyphenols, l-theanine, tea pigments, caffeine, tea saponins, tea polysaccharides and other secondary metabolites. Tea and its active substances have whitening, nourishing, anti-wrinkle, removing spots and other skincare effects. Its mechanism of action is ultraviolet absorption, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, inhibition of extracellular matrix aging, inhibiting the accumulation of melanin and toxic oxidation products, balancing intestinal and skin microorganisms, and improving mood and sleep, among other effects. At present, tea elements skincare products are deeply loved by consumers. This paper provides a scientific theoretical basis for tea-assisted beauty and the high-end application of tea in skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Feng
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
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Calniquer G, Khanin M, Ovadia H, Linnewiel-Hermoni K, Stepensky D, Trachtenberg A, Sedlov T, Braverman O, Levy J, Sharoni Y. Combined Effects of Carotenoids and Polyphenols in Balancing the Response of Skin Cells to UV Irradiation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071931. [PMID: 33808148 PMCID: PMC8036680 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral carotenoids and polyphenols have been suggested to induce photo-protective effects. The aim of the study was to test whether the combination of carotenoids and polyphenols produce greater protective effects from UV-induced damage to skin cells. Such damage is characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress; thus, the photo-protective effect can be partially explained by modulating the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and antioxidant response element/Nrf2 (ARE/Nrf2) transcription systems, known as important regulators of these two processes. Indeed, it was found in keratinocytes that carotenoids and polyphenols inhibit UVB-induced NFκB activity and release of cytokine IL-6. A combination of tomato extract with rosemary extract inhibited UVB-induced release of IL-6 more than each of the compounds alone. Moreover, this combination synergistically activated ARE/Nrf2 transcription systems. Inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNFα induce the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which leads to collagen breakdown; thus, it is important to note that carnosic acid reduced TNFα-induced MMP-1 secretion from human dermal fibroblasts. The in vitro results suggest beneficial effects of phytonutrient combinations on skin health. To assure that clinical experiments to prove such effects in humans are feasible, the human bioavailability of carotenoids from tomato extract was tested, and nearly a twofold increase in their plasma concentrations was detected. This study demonstrates that carotenoids and polyphenols cooperate in balancing UV-induced skin cell damage, and suggests that NFκB and ARE/Nrf2 are involved in these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenda Calniquer
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (G.C.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (D.S.); (A.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Marina Khanin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (G.C.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (D.S.); (A.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Hilla Ovadia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (G.C.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (D.S.); (A.T.); (J.L.)
| | | | - David Stepensky
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (G.C.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (D.S.); (A.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Aviram Trachtenberg
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (G.C.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (D.S.); (A.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Tanya Sedlov
- Lycored Ltd., Hebron Rd. P.O.B. 320, Beer Sheva 84102, Israel; (T.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Oleg Braverman
- Lycored Ltd., Hebron Rd. P.O.B. 320, Beer Sheva 84102, Israel; (T.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Joseph Levy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (G.C.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (D.S.); (A.T.); (J.L.)
| | - Yoav Sharoni
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (G.C.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (D.S.); (A.T.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-52-4830-883
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Shan W, Guo D, Guo H, Tan S, Ma L, Wang Y, Guo X, Xu B. Cloning and expression studies on glutathione S-transferase like-gene in honey bee for its role in oxidative stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 27:121-134. [PMID: 35102524 PMCID: PMC8943077 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) constitute an important multifunctional enzyme family that plays vital roles in cellular detoxification and protecting organisms against oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we isolated a GST-like gene from Apis cerana cerana (AccGSTL) and investigated its antioxidant functions under stress conditions. We found that AccGSTL belongs to the Sigma class of GSTs. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting analyses showed that the mRNA and protein levels of AccGSTL were altered in response to oxidative stress caused by various external stimuli. In addition, a heterologous expression analysis showed that AccGSTL overexpression in Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells enhanced resistance to oxidative stress. After AccGSTL silencing with RNA interference (RNAi) technology, the expression of some antioxidant genes was inhibited, and the enzymatic activities of POD, CAT, and SOD were decreased. In conclusion, these data suggest that AccGSTL may be involved in antioxidant defense under adverse conditions in A. cerana cerana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dezheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanting Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Cios A, Ciepielak M, Szymański Ł, Lewicka A, Cierniak S, Stankiewicz W, Mendrycka M, Lewicki S. Effect of Different Wavelengths of Laser Irradiation on the Skin Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052437. [PMID: 33670977 PMCID: PMC7957604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The invention of systems enabling the emission of waves of a certain length and intensity has revolutionized many areas of life, including medicine. Currently, the use of devices emitting laser light is not only an indispensable but also a necessary element of many diagnostic procedures. It also contributed to the development of new techniques for the treatment of diseases that are difficult to heal. The use of lasers in industry and medicine may be associated with a higher incidence of excessive radiation exposure, which can lead to injury to the body. The most exposed to laser irradiation is the skin tissue. The low dose laser irradiation is currently used for the treatment of various skin diseases. Therefore appropriate knowledge of the effects of lasers irradiation on the dermal cells’ metabolism is necessary. Here we present current knowledge on the clinical and molecular effects of irradiation of different wavelengths of light (ultraviolet (UV), blue, green, red, and infrared (IR) on the dermal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Cios
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (M.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Martyna Ciepielak
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (M.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Łukasz Szymański
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Science, Postępu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Aneta Lewicka
- Laboratory of Food and Nutrition Hygiene, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Szczepan Cierniak
- Department of Patomorphology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wanda Stankiewicz
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (M.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Mariola Mendrycka
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities, 26-600 Radom, Poland;
| | - Sławomir Lewicki
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland;
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45
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Chiu LY, Wu NL, Hung CF, Bai P, Dai YS, Lin WW. PARP-1 involves in UVB-induced inflammatory response in keratinocytes and skin injury via regulation of ROS-dependent EGFR transactivation and p38 signaling. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21393. [PMID: 33570794 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002285rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UV irradiation can injure the epidermis, resulting in sunburn, inflammation, and cutaneous tissue disorders. Previous studies demonstrate that EGFR in keratinocytes can be activated by UVB and contributes to inflammation. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear enzyme and plays an essential role in DNA repair under moderate stress. In this study, we set out to understand how PARP-1 regulates UVB irradiation-induced skin injury and interplays with EGFR to mediate the inflammation response. We found that PARP-1 deficiency exacerbated the UVB-induced inflammation, water loss, and back skin damage in mice. In human primary keratinocytes, UVB can activate PARP-1 and enhance DNA damage upon PARP-1 gene silencing. Moreover, PARP-1 silencing and PARP inhibitor olaparib can suppress UVB-induced COX-2 and MMP-1 expression, but enhance TNF-α and IL-8 expression. In addition, EGFR silencing or EGFR inhibition by gefitinib can decrease UVB-induced COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-8 expression, suggesting EGFR activation via paracrine action can mediate UVB-induced inflammation responses. Immunoblotting data revealed that PARP-1 inhibition decreases UVB-induced EGFR and p38 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of p38 also dramatically led to the attenuation of UVB-induced inflammatory gene expression. Of note, genetic ablation of PARP-1 or EGFR can attenuate UVB-induced ROS production, and antioxidant NAC can attenuate UVB-induced EGFR-p38 signaling axis and PARP-1 activation. These data suggest the regulatory loops among EGFR, PARP-1, and ROS upon UVB stress. PARP-1 not only serves DNA repair function but also orchestrates interactions to EGFR transactivation and ROS production, leading to p38 signaling for inflammatory gene expression in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ya Chiu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Lin Wu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yang-Shia Dai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Simpson CL, Tokito MK, Uppala R, Sarkar MK, Gudjonsson JE, Holzbaur ELF. NIX initiates mitochondrial fragmentation via DRP1 to drive epidermal differentiation. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108689. [PMID: 33535046 PMCID: PMC7888979 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermis regenerates continually to maintain a protective barrier at the body’s surface composed of differentiating keratinocytes. Maturation of this stratified tissue requires that keratinocytes undergo wholesale organelle degradation upon reaching the outermost tissue layers to form compacted, anucleate cells. Through live imaging of organotypic cultures of human epidermis, we find that regulated breakdown of mitochondria is critical for epidermal development. Keratinocytes in the upper layers initiate mitochondrial fragmentation, depolarization, and acidification upon upregulating the mitochondrion-tethered autophagy receptor NIX. Depleting NIX compromises epidermal maturation and impairs mitochondrial elimination, whereas ectopic NIX expression accelerates keratinocyte differentiation and induces premature mitochondrial fragmentation via the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) DRP1. We further demonstrate that inhibiting DRP1 blocks NIX-mediated mitochondrial breakdown and disrupts epidermal development. Our findings establish mitochondrial degradation as a key step in terminal keratinocyte differentiation and define a pathway operating via the mitophagy receptor NIX in concert with DRP1 to drive epidermal morphogenesis. Using live microscopy of human organotypic epidermis, Simpson et al. demonstrate how keratinocytes degrade their mitochondria in the upper tissue layers during their final stage of differentiation. By upregulating expression of the mitophagy receptor NIX, keratinocytes initiate DRP1- dependent mitochondrial fragmentation, a process critical for epidermal tissue maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory L Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mariko K Tokito
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ranjitha Uppala
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mrinal K Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Erika L F Holzbaur
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Lopez-Gonzalez U, Casey A, J Byrne H. Monitoring the biochemical changes occurring to human keratinocytes exposed to solar radiation by Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000337. [PMID: 33098270 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Solar radiation exposure is recognised to be a significant contributor to the development of skin cancer. Monitoring the simultaneous and consecutive mechanisms of interaction could provide a greater understanding of the process of photocarcinogenesis. This work presents an analysis of the biochemical and morphological changes occurring to immortalised human epithelial keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell cultures exposed to simulated solar radiation (SSR). Cell viability was monitored with the aid of the Alamar Blue assay, morphological examination was done with haematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) and changes to the biochemical constituents (nucleic acids and proteins) as a result of the radiation insult were demonstrated through a combination of Raman microspectroscopy and multivariate analysis of spectral patterns. The spectral results suggest that SSR induces changes to the conformational structure of DNA as an immediate result of the radiation, whereas alteration in the protein signature is mostly seen as a later response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Lopez-Gonzalez
- School of Physics, Nanolab Research Center, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan Casey
- School of Physics, Nanolab Research Center, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Mishra S, Reshma G B, Pal S, Bano S, Gupta A, Kumari A, Ganguli M. Topical Application of Peptide-Chondroitin Sulfate Nanoparticles Allows Efficient Photoprotection in Skin. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:2382-2398. [PMID: 33406837 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe a method of delivery of chondroitin sulfate to skin as nanoparticles and demonstrate its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role using UV irradiation as a model condition. These nanoparticles, formed through electrostatic interactions of chondroitin sulfate with a skin-penetrating peptide, were found to be homogenous with positive surface charges and stable at physiological and acidic pH under certain conditions. They were able to enter into the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), artificial skin membrane (mimicking the human skin), and mouse skin tissue unlike free chondroitin sulfate. The preapplication of nanoparticles also exhibited reduced levels of oxidative stress, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation, TNF-α, and so on in UV-B-irradiated HaCaT cells. In an acute UV-B irradiation mouse model, their topical application resulted in reduced epidermal thickness and sunburn cells, unlike in the case of free chondroitin sulfate. Thus, a completely noninvasive method was used to deliver a bio-macromolecule into the skin without using injections or abrasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Mishra
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Betsy Reshma G
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Simanti Pal
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Subia Bano
- Elvesys Microfluidics Innovation Centre, Paris 75011, France
| | - Aanchal Gupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anupama Kumari
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Munia Ganguli
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Arjmand B, Rezaei Tavirani M, Razzaghi M, Rostami-Nejad M, Hamdieh M, Nikzamir A. Role of Flt4 in Skin Protection against UVB Radiation: A System Biology Approach. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:S30-S36. [PMID: 33995966 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.s5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although the application of ultraviolet B (UVB) in phototherapy of human skin is a common therapeutic method, it is known as a risk factor for skin cancer. This study aims to assess the role of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to find the critical one that is mainly responsible for skin protection against UVB radiation. Methods: The gene expression profiles of irradiated mice by UVB that issued skin protection against exposure are extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed by GEO2R. The significant DEGs are assessed via gene ontology (GO) analysis and the critical individuals are investigated via action mapping. Results: Thirty-eight significant DEGs that provide skin resistance against UVB irradiation were determined. Among the query DEGs, 26 individuals were related to 43 biological terms. Flt4, F3, Tspan6, Cblb, and Itgb6 were highlighted as the critical DEGs to promote skin protection against UVB irradiation. Conclusion: The finding indicates that Flt4 is the key DEG that is mainly responsible for protecting skin from UVB exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Razzaghi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Hamdieh
- Department of Psychosomatic, Taleghani Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolrahim Nikzamir
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Miyata Y, Mukae Y, Harada J, Matsuda T, Mitsunari K, Matsuo T, Ohba K, Sakai H. Pathological and Pharmacological Roles of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Malignant Neoplasms: Therapies Involving Chemical Compounds, Natural Products, and Photosensitizers. Molecules 2020; 25:E5252. [PMID: 33187225 PMCID: PMC7697499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in cellular processes. Consequently, oxidative stress also affects etiology, progression, and response to therapeutics in various pathological conditions including malignant tumors. Oxidative stress and associated outcomes are often brought about by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulation of ROS occurs due to dysregulation of homeostasis in an otherwise strictly controlled physiological condition. In fact, intracellular ROS levels are closely associated with the pathological status and outcome of numerous diseases. Notably, mitochondria are recognized as the critical regulator and primary source of ROS. Damage to mitochondria increases mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production, which leads to an increased level of total intracellular ROS. However, intracellular ROS level may not always reflect mROS levels, as ROS is not only produced by mitochondria but also by other organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes. Thus, an evaluation of mROS would help us to recognize the biological and pathological characteristics and predictive markers of malignant tumors and develop efficient treatment strategies. In this review, we describe the pathological significance of mROS in malignant neoplasms. In particular, we show the association of mROS-related signaling in the molecular mechanisms of chemically synthesized and natural chemotherapeutic agents and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (Y.M.); (J.H.); (T.M.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (H.S.)
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