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Marain NF, Jonckheere AC, Dilissen E, Cremer J, Roskams T, Colemont M, Bullens DM, Dupont LJ, Vanoirbeek JA. Combined Exercise and Diet Induce Airway Hyperreactivity While Reducing Liver Steatosis in Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:2129. [PMID: 38999877 PMCID: PMC11243263 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a multi-organ system disease, which is associated with, e.g., a higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and asthma. Little is known regarding the effect of obesity-related parameters (including liver integrity) and the respiratory phenotype after a combination of physical activity and diet. METHODS Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were, after 27 weeks of a high fat diet (HFD), randomly assigned to two dietary interventions for three weeks: a HFD or a normal chow diet (NCD). In both dietary groups, half of the animals were subjected to a sub-maximal exercise protocol. Lung function, lung inflammation, liver histology, and metabolic profile were determined. RESULTS Mice with obesity did not show airway hyperreactivity after methacholine provocation. Sub-maximal exercise with diet (NCD/E) induced a significant reduction in forced expiratory volume in 0.1 s after methacholine provocation. NCD/E had significantly more neutrophils and inflammation (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-17F) in bronchoalveolar lavage compared to non-exercising mice on a HFD (HFD/NE). However, more epithelial injury (serum surfactant protein D and IL-33) was seen in HFD/NE. Additionally, hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were reduced by combined diet and sub-maximal exercise. CONCLUSIONS Combining sub-maximal exercise with diet induced airway hyperreactivity and pulmonary inflammation, while body weight, hepatic steatosis, and fibrosis improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora F Marain
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Dilissen
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Cremer
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tania Roskams
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Translational Cell & Tissue Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marieke Colemont
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique M Bullens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Clinical Division of Paediatrics, UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieven J Dupont
- KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Clinical Division of Respiratory Medicine, UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen A Vanoirbeek
- KU Leuven, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Bradding P, Porsbjerg C, Côté A, Dahlén SE, Hallstrand TS, Brightling CE. Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma: The role of the epithelium. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1181-1193. [PMID: 38395082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a key clinical feature of asthma. The presence of AHR in people with asthma provides the substrate for bronchoconstriction in response to numerous diverse stimuli, contributing to airflow limitation and symptoms including breathlessness, wheeze, and chest tightness. Dysfunctional airway smooth muscle significantly contributes to AHR and is displayed as increased sensitivity to direct pharmacologic bronchoconstrictor stimuli, such as inhaled histamine and methacholine (direct AHR), or to endogenous mediators released by activated airway cells such as mast cells (indirect AHR). Research in in vivo human models has shown that the disrupted airway epithelium plays an important role in driving inflammation that mediates indirect AHR in asthma through the release of cytokines such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin and IL-33. These cytokines upregulate type 2 cytokines promoting airway eosinophilia and induce the release of bronchoconstrictor mediators from mast cells such as histamine, prostaglandin D2, and cysteinyl leukotrienes. While bronchoconstriction is largely due to airway smooth muscle contraction, airway structural changes known as remodeling, likely mediated in part by epithelial-derived mediators, also lead to airflow obstruction and may enhance AHR. In this review, we outline the current knowledge of the role of the airway epithelium in AHR in asthma and its implications on the wider disease. Increased understanding of airway epithelial biology may contribute to better treatment options, particularly in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bradding
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, Leicester Respiratory National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andréanne Côté
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sven-Erik Dahlén
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Teal S Hallstrand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, Leicester Respiratory National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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Thammasonthijarern N, Boonnak K, Reamtong O, Krasae T, Thankansakul J, Phongphaew W, Ampawong S, Adisakwattana P. Amelioration of ovalbumin-induced lung inflammation in a mouse model by Trichinella spiralis novel cystatin. Vet World 2023; 16:2366-2373. [PMID: 38152266 PMCID: PMC10750734 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2366-2373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Asthma, a chronic disease affecting humans and animals, has recently become increasingly prevalent and steadily widespread. The alternative treatment of asthma using helminth infections or helminth-derived immunomodulatory molecules (IMs) has been evaluated and demonstrated significant amelioration of disease severity index in vitro and in vivo. Trichinella spiralis, a parasitic nematode and its IMs, elicits a potential to relieve asthma and other immune-related disorders. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory function of recombinant T. spiralis novel cystatin (rTsCstN) in ameliorating acute inflammatory asthma disorders in a murine model. Materials and Methods Female BALB/c mice were sensitized using intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA)/alum and subsequently challenged with intranasal administration of OVA alone or OVA + rTsCstN for 3 consecutive days, producing OVA-induced allergic asthma models. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of rTsCstN, the inflammatory cells and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E levels in serum were assessed. Histological alterations in the lung tissues were determined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and eventually scored for the extent of inflammatory cell infiltration. Results The asthmatic mouse models challenged with OVA + rTsCstN demonstrated a significant reduction of eosinophils (p < 0.01), macrophages (p < 0.05), and cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.05) and interferon (IFN)-γ (p < 0.05) in BALF when compared with the mice challenged with OVA alone. However, the levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 remained unchanged. Histological examination revealed that mice administered OVA + rTsCstN were less likely to have inflammatory cell infiltration in their perivascular and peribronchial lung tissues than those administered OVA alone. Conclusion Recombinant T. spiralis novel cystatin demonstrated immunomodulatory effects to reduce severe pathogenic alterations in asthma mouse models, encouraging a viable alternative treatment for asthma and other immunoregulatory disorders in humans and animals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipa Thammasonthijarern
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kobporn Boonnak
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanyaluk Krasae
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Janyaporn Thankansakul
- Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wallaya Phongphaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poom Adisakwattana
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ciółkowski J, Hydzik P, Rachel M, Mazurek-Durlak Z, Skalska-Izdebska R, Mazurek H. Childhood asthma treatment based on indirect hyperresponsiveness test: Randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:2583-2591. [PMID: 37341585 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of indirect airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) test using hypertonic saline in determining the dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) to maintain asthma control in children. METHODS A group of 104 patients (7-15 years) with mild-moderate atopic asthma were monitored for their asthma control and treatment for 1 year. Patients were randomly assigned to a symptom-only monitored group and a group with therapy changes based on the symptoms and severity of AHR. Spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide, and blood eosinophils (BEos) were assessed on enrollment and every 3 months thereafter. RESULTS During the study period, the number of mild exacerbations was lower in the AHR group (44 vs. 85; the absolute rate per patient 0.83 vs. 1.67; relative rate 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.346-0.717 (p < 0.001)]. Mean changes from baseline in clinical (except asthma control test), inflammatory, and lung function parameters were similar between groups. Baseline BEos correlated with AHR and was a risk factor for recurrent exacerbation in all patients. There was no significant difference in the final ICS dose between AHR and symptoms group: 287 (SD 255) vs. 243 (158) p = 0.092. CONCLUSIONS Adding an indirect AHR test to clinical monitoring of childhood asthma reduced the number of mild exacerbations, with similar current clinical control and final ICS dose as in the symptom-monitored group. The hypertonic saline test appears to be a simple, cheap, and safe tool for monitoring the treatment of mild-to-moderate asthma in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Ciółkowski
- Allergology Outpatient Clinic, The Regional Public Hospital in Lesko, Lesko, Poland
| | - Paweł Hydzik
- Department of Quantitative Methods in the Faculty of Management, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Marta Rachel
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Science, Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | | | - Renata Skalska-Izdebska
- Allergology Outpatient Clinic, The Regional Public Hospital in Lesko, Lesko, Poland
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Science, Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Henryk Mazurek
- Department of Pneumonology and Cystic Fibrosis, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disorders, Rabka-Zdrój, Poland
- Institute of Health, State University of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sącz, Nowy Sącz, Poland
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Kubysheva NI, Eliseeva TI, Postnikova LB, Boldina MV, Gorobets EA, Novikov VV, Khramova RN, Karaulov AV. Cognitive Impairments in Patients with Bronchial Asthma. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 174:585-588. [PMID: 37040035 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The course of bronchial asthma can be accompanied by cognitive impairments. However, the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and asthma has not been fully revealed, nor has it been fully established what causes cognitive impairments in patients with asthma. There is an opinion that transient hypoxia and persistent systemic inflammation with insufficient control of bronchial asthma can be accompanied by neurotoxicity in relation to the hippocampus and indirectly lead to deterioration of cognitive functions. Comorbid conditions, such as obesity, allergic rhinitis, and depressive states can increase cognitive dysfunction in asthmatics. The review considers the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction in patients with bronchial asthma, as well as the impact of comorbid conditions on the cognitive status. This information will allow systematizing the available knowledge about the state of cognitive functions in asthma for timely detection and correction of their impairments and, ultimately, optimization of the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Kubysheva
- Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia.
| | - T I Eliseeva
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - M V Boldina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - E A Gorobets
- Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - V V Novikov
- I. N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - R N Khramova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - A V Karaulov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Lima C, Falcão MAP, Pinto FJ, Bernardo JTG, Lopes-Ferreira M. The Anti-Inflammatory Peptide TnP Is a Candidate Molecule for Asthma Treatment. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060924. [PMID: 36980265 PMCID: PMC10047759 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic lung disease, with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accumulation of peribronchial leukocytes is the hallmark of asthma, in particular, eosinophils, which have been reported as the primary cell associated with the induction of airway hyperresponsiveness. Continued exacerbation and accumulation of other leukocytes, such as neutrophils, Th1, and Th17 cells correlate with many of the long-term effects of asthma, such as airway remodeling. We have patented the TnP family of synthetic cyclic peptides, which is in the preclinical phase of developmental studies for chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate whether TnP could show anti-inflammatory activity in a murine model of asthma that includes a mixed phenotype of eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation. For this, Balb/c mice, sensitized with OVA and exposed to 1% challenge with OVA aerosol, were submitted to prophylactic treatment, receiving TnP at 0.3 mg/kg orally, 1 h before each challenge. We found that sensitized mice challenged with OVA and treated with TnP showed no airway hyperreactivity or lung remodeling. TnP acts systemically in secondary lymphoid organs and locally in the lung, inhibiting the production of Th2/Th17 cytokines. Furthermore, TnP prevented the infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils in the BAL and lung tissue, inhibited the production of IgE/IgG1, prevented hyperplasia of mucus-producing cells, and decreased the thickening and deposition of sub-epithelial collagen. Our results showed TnP as a candidate molecule for the treatment of airway remodeling associated with inflammatory diseases, such as asthma.
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Dexmedetomidine Protects against Airway Inflammation and Airway Remodeling in a Murine Model of Chronic Asthma through TLR4/NF- κB Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:3695469. [PMID: 36846195 PMCID: PMC9946744 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3695469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common respiratory disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, has been shown to participate in regulating inflammatory states and thus exert organ protective actions. However, the potential of DEX in asthma is still unknown. This study is aimed at investigating the role of DEX in a mouse model of house dust mite- (HDM-) induced asthma and exploring its underlying mechanism. Here, we found that DEX treatment significantly ameliorated airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, and airway remodeling in the asthmatic mice, which were similar to the efficacy of the reference anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. In addition, DEX reversed the increased expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its downstream signaling adaptor molecule nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. Furthermore, these protective effects of DEX were abolished by yohimbine, an α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist. These results indicate that DEX is capable of ameliorating airway inflammation and remodeling in asthmatic mice, and this protective effect is associated with the inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Khalfaoui L, Pabelick CM. Airway smooth muscle in contractility and remodeling of asthma: potential drug target mechanisms. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:19-29. [PMID: 36744401 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2177533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is characterized by enhanced airway contractility and remodeling where airway smooth muscle (ASM) plays a key role, modulated by inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms by which ASM contributes to these features of asthma is essential for the development of novel asthma therapies. AREAS COVERED Inflammation in asthma contributes to a multitude of changes within ASM including enhanced airway contractility, proliferation, and fibrosis. Altered intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) regulation or Ca2+ sensitization contributes to airway hyperreactivity. Increased airway wall thickness from ASM proliferation and fibrosis contributes to structural changes seen with asthma. EXPERT OPINION ASM plays a significant role in multiple features of asthma. Increased ASM contractility contributes to hyperresponsiveness, while altered ASM proliferation and extracellular matrix production promote airway remodeling both influenced by inflammation of asthma and conversely even influencing the local inflammatory milieu. While standard therapies such as corticosteroids or biologics target inflammation, cytokines, or their receptors to alleviate asthma symptoms, these approaches do not address the underlying contribution of ASM to hyperresponsiveness and particularly remodeling. Therefore, novel therapies for asthma need to target abnormal contractility mechanisms in ASM and/or the contribution of ASM to remodeling, particularly in asthmatics resistant to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Khalfaoui
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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The Combination of Bioinformatics Analysis and Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Potential Biomarkers and Key Metabolic Pathways in Asthma. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010025. [PMID: 36676950 PMCID: PMC9860906 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complex chronic airway inflammatory disease that seriously impacts patients' quality of life. As a novel approach to exploring the pathogenesis of diseases, metabolomics provides the potential to identify biomarkers of asthma host susceptibility and elucidate biological pathways. The aim of this study was to screen potential biomarkers and biological pathways so as to provide possible pharmacological therapeutic targets for asthma. In the present study, we merged the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of asthma in the GEO database with the metabolic genes obtained by Genecard for bioinformatics analysis and successfully screened out the metabolism-related hub genes (HIF1A, OCRL, NNMT, and PER1). Then, untargeted metabolic techniques were utilized to reveal HDM-induced metabolite alterations in 16HBE cells. A total of 45 significant differential metabolites and 5 differential metabolic pathways between the control group and HDM group were identified based on the OPLS-DA model. Finally, three key metabolic pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, galactose metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, were screened through the integrated analysis of bioinformatics data and untargeted metabolomics data. Taken together, these findings provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology and targeted therapy of asthma and lay a foundation for further research.
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Methane Alleviates Lung Injury through the IL-10 Pathway by Increasing T Regulatory Cells in a Mouse Asthma Model. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:6008376. [PMID: 35812246 PMCID: PMC9262571 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6008376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is associated with allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammatory cell infiltration. While moderate-to-severe asthma with refractory symptoms is difficult to treat, methane is protective against organ damage. In this study, an asthmatic mouse model was established. Airway resistance under acetylcholine stimulation in asthmatic mice and histology of lung tissue injury were determined. EOS infiltration was determined by flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed for the determination of relevant cytokine levels in asthmatic mice with or without methane treatment. The potential mechanisms of methane under anti-IL-10 antibody intraperitoneal intervention were assessed by ELISA and flow cytometry. Pulmonary T regulatory cells (Tregs) were analyzed by flow cytometry, and anti-CD25 antibody was used to block them. Immunoblot analysis was performed to evaluate if methane played a role in the asthmatic lungs via the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. The results showed that methane significantly improved airway compliance, relieved asthma-induced lung injury, and reduced EOS accumulation and inflammatory mediators in the lungs of ovalbumin-treated asthmatic mice. Anti-IL-10 treatment diminished the ameliorating effect of methane on asthma. In addition, methane enhanced pulmonary Tregs in asthma, which could be blocked by the anti-CD25 antibody. Further analysis revealed that methane decreased p-p65/p65 and p-p38/p38 expression. In conclusion, methane is a readily available and inexpensive molecule potentially suitable for human use, which can alleviate asthma-induced lung injury and EOS infiltration through the IL-10 pathway by increasing Tregs and decreasing NF-κB and p38 MAPK in a mouse model.
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Kaminsky DA, Irvin CG. The Physiology of Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2022; 42:575-589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hedgehog Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111774. [PMID: 35681469 PMCID: PMC9179967 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of the embryonic lung demands complex endodermal–mesodermal interactions, which are regulated by a variety of signaling proteins. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is vital for lung development. It plays a key regulatory role during several morphogenic mechanisms, such as cell growth, differentiation, migration, and persistence of cells. On the other hand, abnormal expression or loss of regulation of Hh signaling leads to airway asthmatic remodeling, which is characterized by cellular matrix modification in the respiratory system, goblet cell hyperplasia, deposition of collagen, epithelial cell apoptosis, proliferation, and activation of fibroblasts. Hh also targets some of the pathogens and seems to have a significant function in tissue repairment and immune-related disorders. Similarly, aberrant Hh signaling expression is critically associated with the etiology of a variety of other airway lung diseases, mainly, bronchial or tissue fibrosis, lung cancer, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, suggesting that controlled regulation of Hh signaling is crucial to retain healthy lung functioning. Moreover, shreds of evidence imply that the Hh signaling pathway links to lung organogenesis and asthmatic airway remodeling. Here, we compiled all up-to-date investigations linked with the role of Hh signaling in the development of lungs as well as the attribution of Hh signaling in impairment of lung expansion, airway remodeling, and immune response. In addition, we included all current investigational and therapeutic approaches to treat airway asthmatic remodeling and immune system pathway diseases.
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Integrated OMICs Approach for the Group 1 Protease Mite-Allergen of House Dust Mite Dermatophagoides microceras. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073810. [PMID: 35409170 PMCID: PMC8998267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
House dust mites (HDMs) are one of the most important allergy-causing agents of asthma. In central Taiwan, the prevalence of sensitization to Dermatophagoides microceras (Der m), a particular mite species of HDMs, is approximately 80% and is related to the IgE crossing reactivity of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f). Integrated OMICs examination was used to identify and characterize the specific group 1 mite-allergic component (Der m 1). De novo draft genomic assembly and comparative genome analysis predicted that the full-length Der m 1 allergen gene is 321 amino acids in silico. Proteomics verified this result, and its recombinant protein production implicated the cysteine protease and α chain of fibrinogen proteolytic activity. In the sensitized mice, pathophysiological features and increased neutrophils accumulation were evident in the lung tissues and BALF with the combination of Der m 1 and 2 inhalation, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) of mice cytokines revealed that the cytokine profiles of the allergen-sensitized mice model with combined Der m 1 and 2 were similar to those with Der m 2 alone but differed from those with Der m 1 alone. Regarding the possible sensitizing roles of Der m 1 in the cells, the fibrinogen cleavage products (FCPs) derived from combined Der m 1 and Der m 2 induced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in human bronchial epithelium cells. Der m 1 biologically functions as a cysteine protease and contributes to the α chain of fibrinogen digestion in vitro. The combination of Der m 1 and 2 could induce similar cytokines expression patterns to Der m 2 in mice, and the FCPs derived from Der m 1 has a synergistic effect with Der m 2 to induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human bronchial epithelium cells.
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Jendzjowsky N, Laing A, Malig M, Matyas J, de Heuvel E, Dumonceaux C, Dumoulin E, Tremblay A, Leigh R, Chee A, Kelly MM. Long-term modulation of airway remodelling in severe asthma following bronchial thermoplasty. Eur Respir J 2022; 59:2100622. [PMID: 34049950 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00622-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
RationaleBronchial thermoplasty is a mechanical therapeutic intervention that has been advocated as an effective treatment option for severe asthma. The mechanism is promoted as being related to the attenuation of airway smooth muscle which has been shown to occur in the short-term. However, long-term studies of the effects of bronchial thermoplasty on airway remodelling are few, with only limited assessment of airway remodelling indices.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of bronchial thermoplasty on 1) airway epithelial and smooth muscle cells in culture and 2) airway remodelling in patients with severe asthma who have been prescribed bronchial thermoplasty up to 12 months post-treatment.MethodsThe distribution of heat within the airway by bronchial thermoplasty was assessed in a porcine model. Culture of human airway smooth muscle cells and bronchial epithelial cells evaluated the impact of thermal injury. Histological evaluation and morphometric assessment were performed on bronchial biopsies obtained from severe asthma patients at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 months following bronchial thermoplasty.ResultsBronchial thermoplasty resulted in heterogeneous heating of the airway wall. Airway smooth muscle cell cultures sustained thermal injury, whilst bronchial epithelial cells were relatively resistant to heat. Airway smooth muscle and neural bundles were significantly reduced at 6 weeks and 12 months post-treatment. At 6 weeks post-treatment, submucosal collagen was reduced and vessel density increased, with both indices returning to baseline at 12 months. Goblet cell numbers, submucosal gland area and sub-basement membrane thickness were not significantly altered at any time point examined.ConclusionsBronchial thermoplasty primarily affects airway smooth muscle and nerves with the effects still present at 12 months post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Jendzjowsky
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Austin Laing
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Dept of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Michelle Malig
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Dept of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John Matyas
- Dept of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elaine de Heuvel
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Curtis Dumonceaux
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elaine Dumoulin
- Dept of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alain Tremblay
- Dept of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Richard Leigh
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Dept of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alex Chee
- Dept of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Margaret M Kelly
- Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Dept of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Authors contributed equally
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15
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Huang H, Li SY, Shi L, Huang X, Wang J. Altered spontaneous brain activity in patients with asthma: a resting-state functional MRI study using regional homogeneity analysis. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1403-1407. [PMID: 34743166 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have shown that patients with asthma have changes in brain function activities, but the specific relationship is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the potential regional homogeneity (ReHo) brain activity changes in patients with asthma and healthy controls. METHODS Thirty-one patients with asthma and 31 healthy controls closely matched in age, sex, and weight underwent resting-state functional MRI scans, respectively. The ReHo method was applied to evaluate synchronous neural activity changes. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to show high test-retest stability and a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS Compared with the healthy controls, asthma patients had significantly increased ReHo values in left cerebellum posterior lobe and left superior frontal gyrus, and decreased ReHo values of right middle temporal gyrus, right Putamen, right inferior temporal gyrus, right inferior middle frontal gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, and right precentral/middle frontal gyrus. CONCLUSION Patients with asthma have different functional changes in different brain regions, mainly including the cerebellum, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe, which provides important pieces of evidence to support the role of brain networks in the pathophysiology of asthma and offers an entirely new target for potential therapeutic intervention in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Ling Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | | | - Jun Wang
- The Second Department of Respiratory Disease, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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16
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Sverrild A, Leadbetter J, Porsbjerg C. The use of the mannitol test as an outcome measure in asthma intervention studies: a review and practical recommendations. Respir Res 2021; 22:287. [PMID: 34743708 PMCID: PMC8574016 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mannitol test is an indirect bronchial challenge test widely used in diagnosing asthma. Response to the mannitol test correlates with the level of eosinophilic and mast cell airway inflammation, and a positive mannitol test is highly predictive of a response to anti-inflammatory treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. The response to mannitol is a physiological biomarker that may, therefore, be used to assess the response to other anti-inflammatory treatments and may be of particular interest in early phase studies that require surrogate markers to predict a clinical response. The main objectives of this review were to assess the practical aspects of using mannitol as an endpoint in clinical trials and provide the clinical researcher and respiratory physician with recommendations when designing early clinical trials. METHODS The aim of this review was to summarise previous uses of the mannitol test as an outcome measure in clinical intervention studies. The PubMed database was searched using a combination of MeSH and keywords. Eligible studies included intervention or repeatability studies using the standard mannitol test, at multiple timepoints, reporting the use of PD15 as a measure, and published in English. RESULTS Of the 193 papers identified, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and data from these are discussed in detail. Data on the mode of action, correlation with airway inflammation, its diagnostic properties, and repeatability have been summarised, and suggestions for the reporting of test results provided. Worked examples of power calculations for dimensioning study populations are presented for different types of study designs. Finally, interpretation and reporting of the change in the response to the mannitol test are discussed. CONCLUSIONS The mechanistic and practical features of the mannitol test make it a useful marker of disease, not only in clinical diagnoses, but also as an outcome measure in intervention trials. Measuring airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol provides a novel and reproducible test for assessing efficacy in intervention trials, and importantly, utilises a test that links directly to underlying drivers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asger Sverrild
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University, Ebba Lunds vej 48, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University, Ebba Lunds vej 48, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Ma J, Liu MX, Chen LC, Shen JJ, Kuo ML. Ding Chuan Tang Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Eosinophil Infiltration in Ovalbumin-Sensitized Asthmatic Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6692772. [PMID: 34595240 PMCID: PMC8478538 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6692772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a T helper 2 (Th2) cell-associated chronic inflammatory diseases characterized with airway obstruction, increased mucus production, and eosinophil infiltration. Conventional medications for asthma treatment cannot fully control the symptoms, and potential side effects are also the concerns. Thus, complement or alternative medicine (CAM) became a new option for asthma management. Ding Chuan Tang (DCT) is a traditional Chinese herbal decoction applied mainly for patients with coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and asthma. Previously, DCT has been proved to improve children airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in a randomized and double-blind clinical trial. However, the mechanisms of how DCT alleviates AHR remain unclear. Since asthmatic features such as eosinophil infiltration, IgE production, and mucus accumulation are relative with Th2 responses, we hypothesized that DCT may attenuate asthma symptoms through regulating Th2 cells. Ovalbumin (OVA) was used as a stimulant to sensitize BALB/c mice to establish an asthmatic model. AHR was detected one day before sacrifice. BALF and serum were collected for immune cell counting and antibody analysis. Splenocytes were cultured with OVA in order to determine Th2 cytokine production. Lung tissues were collected for histological and gene expression analyses. Our data reveal that DCT can attenuate AHR and eosinophil accumulation in the 30-day sensitization asthmatic model. Histological results demonstrated that DCT can reduce cell infiltration and mucus production in peribronchial and perivascular site. In OVA-stimulated splenocyte cultures, a significant reduction of IL-5 and IL-13 in DCT-treated mice suggests that DCT may alleviate Th2 responses. In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that DCT has the potential to suppress allergic responses through the reduction of mucus production, eosinophil infiltration, and Th2 activity in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Xun Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jong Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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18
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Wang H, Zhong B, Geng Y, Hao J, Jin Q, Zhang Y, Dong L, Gao D, Li J, Hou W. TIPE2 inhibits PDGF-BB-induced phenotype switching in airway smooth muscle cells through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Respir Res 2021; 22:238. [PMID: 34446024 PMCID: PMC8393827 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood asthma is a common respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) has been found to be involved in the progression of asthma. This study aimed to explore the role of TIPE2 in the regulation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), which are one of the main effector cells in the development of asthma. Materials and methods ASMCs were transfected with pcDNA3.0-TIPE2 or si-TIPE2 for 48 h and then treated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB. Cell proliferation of ASMCs was measured using the MTT assay. Cell migration of ASMCs was determined by a transwell assay. The mRNA expression levels of calponin and smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α) were measured using qRT-PCR. The levels of TIPE2, calponin, SM22α, PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt were detected by Western blotting. Results Our results showed that PDGF-BB treatment significantly reduced TIPE2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in ASMCs. Overexpression of TIPE2 inhibited PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation and migration. In addition, overexpression of TIPE2 increased the expression of calponin and SM22α in PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs. However, an opposite effect was observed with TIPE2 knockdown. Furthermore, TIPE2 overexpression blocked PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, whereas the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt were aggravated by TIPE2 knockdown. Additionally, the effects of TIPE2 overexpression and TIPE2 knockdown were altered by IGF-1 and LY294002 treatments, respectively. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that TIPE2 inhibits PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation, migration, and phenotype switching via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, TIPE2 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juanjuan Hao
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaoyan Jin
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Dong
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Pediatric, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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19
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Ren M, Feng M, Long Z, Ma J, Peng X, He G. Allergic Asthma-Induced Cognitive Impairment is Alleviated by Dexamethasone. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680815. [PMID: 34248632 PMCID: PMC8261293 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a typical chronic inflammatory disease of respiratory tract. Clinical data shows that patients with allergic asthma have different degrees of cognitive dysfunction. The molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of asthma-induced cognitive disorder is not yet well defined. Dexamethasone (DEX), one of the first-line drugs being widely used in the treatment of asthma, has not been reported to have an effect on cognitive dysfunction in mice model. To investigate the effect of asthma on cognitive impairment as well as the effect of DEX on asthma-caused morphological and behavioral changes, C57BL/6J mice received treatment with house dust mites (HDM) for 60 days to become allergic asthma model mice, and a group of HDM-treated asthma model mice were treated with DEX. HDM-treated asthma model mice exhibited increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammatory infiltration in lung tissue. An elevated level of IL-4, IL-5, and TNF-α was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by Luminex liquid suspension chip. Asthma model mice also presented memory deficits accompanied with morphological changes at the synaptic levels in the cortex and hippocampus. Meanwhile, vascular edema and increased expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α were found in the brain of asthma model mice. Interestingly, DEX treatment could reverse the inflammatory changes in asthma model mice airway, rescue the cognitive impairment and improve the synaptic plasticity. Besides, DEX significantly decreased the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in mice brain and lung. These processes may be used to decipher the complex interplay and pathological changes between asthma and cognition. This study provides laboratory evidence for the prevention and treatment of cognitive malfunction induced by asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Feng
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhimin Long
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuehua Peng
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiqiong He
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Chakraborty A, Pinar AA, Lam M, Bourke JE, Royce SG, Selomulya C, Samuel CS. Pulmonary myeloid cell uptake of biodegradable nanoparticles conjugated with an anti-fibrotic agent provides a novel strategy for treating chronic allergic airways disease. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120796. [PMID: 33894403 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma (chronic allergic airways disease, AAD) is characterized by airway inflammation (AI), airway remodeling (AWR) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Current treatments for AAD mainly focus on targeting AI and its contribution AHR, with the use of corticosteroids. However, there are no therapies for the direct treatment of AWR, which can contribute to airway obstruction, AHR and corticosteroid resistance independently of AI. The acute heart failure drug, serelaxin (recombinant human gene-2 relaxin, RLX), has potential anti-remodeling and anti-fibrotic effects but only when continuously infused or injected to overcome its short half-life. To alleviate this limitation, we conjugated serelaxin to biodegradable and noninflammatory nanoparticles (NP-RLX) and evaluated their therapeutic potential on measures of AI, AWR and AHR, when intranasally delivered to a preclinical rodent model of chronic AAD and TGF-β1-stimulated collagen gel contraction from asthma patient-derived myofibroblasts. NP-RLX was preferentially taken-up by CD206+-infiltrating and CD68+-tissue resident alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, NP-RLX ameliorated the chronic AAD-induced AI, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), chemokines (CCL2, CCL11) and the pro-fibrotic TGF-β1/IL-1β axis on AWR and resulting AHR, as well as human myofibroblast-induced collagen gel contraction, to a similar extent as unconjugated RLX. Hence, NP-RLX represents a novel strategy for treating the central features of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Chakraborty
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anita A Pinar
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maggie Lam
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane E Bourke
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon G Royce
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cordelia Selomulya
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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21
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Hossain N, Arhi C, Borg CM. Is Bariatric Surgery Better than Nonsurgical Weight Loss for Improving Asthma Control? A Systematic Review. Obes Surg 2021; 31:1810-1832. [PMID: 33590422 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased severity of asthma. Bariatric surgery can be effective in weight loss and improvement in asthma. Two reviewers conducted a systematic review using search terms: 'weight loss', 'bariatric surgery', and 'asthma'. Adult studies including all bariatric procedures and nonsurgical weight loss regimes were included. Thirty-nine studies, including twenty-six bariatric studies and thirteen nonsurgical studies, were found. No study directly compared bariatric surgery to nonsurgical techniques. Bariatric surgery offered greater weight loss (22-36%) than nonsurgical programmes (4.1-14.2%) and more consistently improved medication use, airway hyperresponsiveness, hospitalisation rate or ED attendance and lung function, while change in inflammatory markers were variable. Bariatric surgery appears to be superior in treating asthma; however, further study on surgery for both mild and severe asthma is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Hossain
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Lewisham, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, Lewisham High Street, London, SE13 6LH, UK. .,Department of General Surgery, Whittington Hospital, Whittington Health NHS Trust, Magdala Avenue, London, N19 5NF, UK.
| | - Chanpreet Arhi
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Lewisham, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, Lewisham High Street, London, SE13 6LH, UK
| | - Cynthia-Michelle Borg
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Lewisham, Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Trust, Lewisham High Street, London, SE13 6LH, UK
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22
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Lee LY, Hew GSY, Mehta M, Shukla SD, Satija S, Khurana N, Anand K, Dureja H, Singh SK, Mishra V, Singh PK, Gulati M, Prasher P, Aljabali AAA, Tambuwala MM, Thangavelu L, Panneerselvam J, Gupta G, Zacconi FC, Shastri M, Jha NK, Xenaki D, MacLoughlin R, Oliver BG, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Targeting eosinophils in respiratory diseases: Biological axis, emerging therapeutics and treatment modalities. Life Sci 2021; 267:118973. [PMID: 33400932 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophils are bi-lobed, multi-functional innate immune cells with diverse cell surface receptors that regulate local immune and inflammatory responses. Several inflammatory and infectious diseases are triggered with their build up in the blood and tissues. The mobilization of eosinophils into the lungs is regulated by a cascade of processes guided by Th2 cytokine generating T-cells. Recruitment of eosinophils essentially leads to a characteristic immune response followed by airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling, which are hallmarks of chronic respiratory diseases. By analysing the dynamic interactions of eosinophils with their extracellular environment, which also involve signaling molecules and tissues, various therapies have been invented and developed to target respiratory diseases. Having entered clinical testing, several eosinophil targeting therapeutic agents have shown much promise and have further bridged the gap between theory and practice. Moreover, researchers now have a clearer understanding of the roles and mechanisms of eosinophils. These factors have successfully assisted molecular biologists to block specific pathways in the growth, migration and activation of eosinophils. The primary purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the eosinophil biology with a special emphasis on potential pharmacotherapeutic targets. The review also summarizes promising eosinophil-targeting agents, along with their mechanisms and rationale for use, including those in developmental pipeline, in clinical trials, or approved for other respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yen Lee
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Geena Suet Yin Hew
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Meenu Mehta
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Shakti D Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Saurabh Satija
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jithendra Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Flavia C Zacconi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Madhur Shastri
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Dikaia Xenaki
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- Aerogen, IDA Business Park, Dangan, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland; School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian G Oliver
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India.
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23
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Kim HA, Kwon JE, Ahn JY, Choe JY, Kim DS, Park SH, Hyun MC, Choi BS. Analysis of PC 20-FEF 25%–75% and ΔFVC in the methacholine bronchial provocation test. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2021.9.3.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon A Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Kwon
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Young Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Young Choe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dong Sub Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sook Hyun Park
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Myung Chul Hyun
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bong Seok Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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24
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Wongtrakool C, Ko J, Jang AJ, Grooms K, Chang S, Sylber C, Kosmider B, Bahmed K, Blackburn MR, Sutliff RL, Hart CM, Park C, Nyunoya T, Passineau MJ, Lu Q, Kang BY. MicroRNA-98 reduces nerve growth factor expression in nicotine-induced airway remodeling. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18051-18064. [PMID: 33082140 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolving evidence suggests that nicotine may contribute to impaired asthma control by stimulating expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), a neurotrophin associated with airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. We explored the hypothesis that nicotine increases NGF by reducing lung fibroblast (LF) microRNA-98 (miR-98) and PPARγ levels, thus promoting airway remodeling. Levels of NGF, miR-98, PPARγ, fibronectin 1 (FN1), endothelin-1 (EDN1, herein referred to as ET-1), and collagen (COL1A1 and COL3A1) were measured in human LFs isolated from smoking donors, in mouse primary LFs exposed to nicotine (50 μg/ml), and in whole lung homogenates from mice chronically exposed to nicotine (100 μg/ml) in the drinking water. In selected studies, these pathways were manipulated in LFs with miR-98 inhibitor (anti-miR-98), miR-98 overexpression (miR-98 mimic), or the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone. Compared with unexposed controls, nicotine increased NGF, FN1, ET-1, COL1A1, and COL3A1 expression in human and mouse LFs and mouse lung homogenates. In contrast, nicotine reduced miR-98 levels in LFs in vitro and in lung homogenates in vivo Treatment with anti-miR-98 alone was sufficient to recapitulate increases in NGF, FN1, and ET-1, whereas treatment with a miR-98 mimic significantly suppressed luciferase expression in cells transfected with a luciferase reporter linked to the putative seed sequence in the NGF 3'UTR and also abrogated nicotine-induced increases in NGF, FN1, and ET-1 in LFs. Similarly, rosiglitazone increased miR-98 and reversed nicotine-induced increases in NGF, FN1, and ET-1. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that nicotine-induced increases in NGF and other markers of airway remodeling are negatively regulated by miR-98.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry Wongtrakool
- Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Junsuk Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew J Jang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kora Grooms
- Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah Chang
- Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cory Sylber
- Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Beata Kosmider
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, and Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karim Bahmed
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, and Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael R Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Roy L Sutliff
- Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - C Michael Hart
- Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Changwon Park
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Toru Nyunoya
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael J Passineau
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Bum-Yong Kang
- Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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25
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Kennedy AA, Anne S, Hart CK. Otolaryngologic Management of Chronic Cough in School-aged Children: A Review. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 146:1059-1064. [PMID: 33022062 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Importance The causes of pediatric chronic cough are numerous and span across several medical subspecialties. In addition to the vast array of underlying causes, there are also several different ways to approach and evaluate chronic cough. Given the frequency with which children present to otolaryngology clinics with this problem, a review of common otolaryngologic causes and an algorithm for evaluation and treatment can be beneficial. Observations The primary 3 causes of pediatric chronic cough presenting to an otolaryngologist include infectious causes, reflux, and airway hyperreactivity. In these cases and other instances of specific cough, treatment should be directed at the underlying cause-which may include supportive care, antibiotics, antireflux medication, bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, or other intervention. Patients with nonspecific cough should be treated according to pediatric-specific cough algorithms. Conclusions and Relevance Appropriate workup and treatment of chronic cough can lead to higher cure rates, shorter cough duration, and improved quality of life for both patients and caregivers. A systematic approach using cough algorithms can help otolaryngologists effectively manage this common yet complex problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee A Kennedy
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Samantha Anne
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Section Editor, JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
| | - Catherine K Hart
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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26
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Lazrak A, Song W, Zhou T, Aggarwal S, Jilling T, Garantziotis S, Matalon S. Hyaluronan and halogen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and lung injury. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1479:29-43. [PMID: 32578230 PMCID: PMC7680259 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl2 ) and bromine (Br2 ) are produced in large quantities throughout the world and used in the industry and the sanitation of water. These halogens can pose a significant threat to public health when released into the atmosphere during transportation and industrial accidents, or as acts of terrorism. In this review, we discuss the evidence showing that the activity of Cl2 and Br2 , and of products formed by their interaction with biomolecules, fragment high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA), a key component of the interstitial space and present in epithelial cells, to form proinflammatory, low-molecular-weight hyaluronan fragments that increase intracellular calcium (Ca2+ ) and activate RAS homolog family member A (RhoA) in airway smooth muscle and epithelial and microvascular cells. These changes result in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine and increase epithelial and microvascular permeability. The increase in intracellular Ca2+ is the result of the activation of the calcium-sensing receptor by Cl2 , Br2 , and their by-products. Posthalogen administration of a commercially available form of HMW-HA to mice and to airway cells in vitro reverses the increase of Ca2+ and the activation of RhoA, and restores AHR to near-normal levels of airway function. These data have established the potential of HMW-HA to be a countermeasure against Cl2 and Br2 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Lazrak
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Weifeng Song
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ting Zhou
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Tamas Jilling
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Stavros Garantziotis
- Matrix Biology Group, Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, NIH/NIEHS, RTP, NC
| | - Sadis Matalon
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
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27
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Hikino K, Kobayashi S, Ota E, Mushiroda T, Urayama KY, Kobayashi T. A meta-analysis of the influence of ADRB2 genetic polymorphisms on albuterol (salbutamol) therapy in patients with asthma. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:1708-1716. [PMID: 32986886 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The associations of 2 nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu) in the adrenoceptor β2 (ADRB2) gene with response after albuterol use are conflicting. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the cumulative evidence of the effects of these 2 variants on percent forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0%) after albuterol use in asthma patients. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify studies examining the association between ADRB2 Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu and FEV1.0% shortly after albuterol administration. The individual study results were combined with weights based on the inverse variance method. This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42019074554). RESULTS Among 273 initial studies identified, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria for quantitative evaluation. Results of the overall meta-analysis indicated no statistically significant mean difference of FEV1.0% between genotypes of Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu. In subgroup analyses, significant associations were found for Arg16Gly GG (vs AA) among studies where no methacholine bronchoconstriction was conducted (mean difference, -3.92; 95% confidence interval, -7.29 to -0.54; I2 = 0%), and for Arg16Gly GG (vs GA) among studies that included patients with no comorbidities (mean difference, -1.93; 95% confidence interval, -3.77 to -0.10; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSION Synthesis of the studies to date shows weak evidence for an association between ADRB2 Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu and FEV1.0% after albuterol use, results of which underscore significant heterogeneity across studies and the need for careful design and sample size considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Hikino
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kobayashi
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erika Ota
- Graduate School of Nursing Sciences, Global Health Nursing, St. Luke's International University, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisei Mushiroda
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kevin Y Urayama
- Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Kobayashi
- Department of Management and Strategy, Clinical Research Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Ding M, Baker D. Recent advances in high-throughput flow cytometry for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:303-317. [PMID: 33054417 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1826433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-throughput flow cytometry (HTFC) has proven to be an important technology in drug discovery. The use of HTFC enables multi-parametric screening of suspension cells containing heterogenous cell populations and coated particles for screening proteins of interest. Novel targets, novel cell markers and compound clusters for drug development have been identified from HTFC screens. AREAS COVERED In this article, the authors focus on reviewing the recent HTFC applications reported during the last 5-6 years, including drug discovery screens and studies for immune, immune-oncology, infectious and inflammatory diseases. The main HTFC approaches, development of HTFC systems, and automated sample preparation systems for HTFC are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION The advance of HTFC technology coupled with automated sample acquisition and sample preparation has demonstrated its utility in screening large numbers of compounds using suspension cells, facilitated screening of disease-relevant human primary cells, and enabled deep understanding of mechanism of action by analyzing multiple parameters. The authors see HTFC as a very valuable tool in immune, immune-oncology, infectious and inflammatory diseases where immune cells play essential roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ding
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Baker
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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29
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Haider SH, Veerappan A, Crowley G, Caraher EJ, Ostrofsky D, Mikhail M, Lam R, Wang Y, Sunseri M, Kwon S, Prezant DJ, Liu M, Schmidt AM, Nolan A. Multiomics of World Trade Center Particulate Matter-induced Persistent Airway Hyperreactivity. Role of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:219-233. [PMID: 32315541 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0064oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary disease after World Trade Center particulate matter (WTC-PM) exposure is associated with dyslipidemia and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE); however, the mechanisms are not well understood. We used a murine model and a multiomics assessment to understand the role of RAGE in the pulmonary long-term effects of a single high-intensity exposure to WTC-PM. After 1 month, WTC-PM-exposed wild-type (WT) mice had airway hyperreactivity, whereas RAGE-deficient (Ager-/-) mice were protected. PM-exposed WT mice also had histologic evidence of airspace disease, whereas Ager-/- mice remained unchanged. Inflammatory mediators such as G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor), IP-10 (IFN-γ-induced protein 10), and KC (keratinocyte chemoattractant) were differentially expressed after WTC-PM exposure. WTC-PM induced α-SMA, DIAPH1 (protein diaphanous homolog 1), RAGE, and significant lung collagen deposition in WT compared with Ager-/- mice. Compared with WT mice with PM exposure, relative expression of phosphorylated to total CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) and JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) was significantly increased in the lung of PM-exposed Ager-/- mice, whereas Akt (protein kinase B) was decreased. Random forests of the refined lung metabolomic profile classified subjects with 92% accuracy; principal component analysis captured 86.7% of the variance in three components and demonstrated prominent subpathway involvement, including known mediators of lung disease such as vitamin B6 metabolites, sphingolipids, fatty acids, and phosphatidylcholines. Treatment with a partial RAGE antagonist, pioglitazone, yielded similar fold-change expression of metabolites (N6-carboxymethyllysine, 1-methylnicotinamide, N1+N8-acetylspermidine, and succinylcarnitine [C4-DC]) between WT and Ager-/- mice exposed to WTC-PM. RAGE can mediate WTC-PM-induced airway hyperreactivity and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed H Haider
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Arul Veerappan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - George Crowley
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Erin J Caraher
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Dean Ostrofsky
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Mena Mikhail
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Rachel Lam
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health
| | - Maria Sunseri
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Sophia Kwon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - David J Prezant
- Bureau of Health Services and Office of Medical Affairs, Fire Department of New York, Brooklyn, New York; and.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Mengling Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health.,Department of Environmental Medicine, and
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Anna Nolan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine.,Department of Environmental Medicine, and.,Bureau of Health Services and Office of Medical Affairs, Fire Department of New York, Brooklyn, New York; and
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30
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Hanh NTL, Lee YL, Lin CL, Chou CM, Cheng PC, Quang HH, Fan CK. Evidence for Asthma in the Lungs of Mice Inoculated with Different Doses of Toxocara canis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 103:2305-2314. [PMID: 32975177 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxocara canis, a common roundworm that mainly causes toxocariasis, is a zoonotic parasite found worldwide. Humans, an accidental host, can acquire T. canis infection through accidental ingestion of T. canis-embryonated egg-contaminated food, water, and soil, and by encapsulated larvae in a paratenic host's viscera or meat. Long-term residence of T. canis larvae in a paratenic host's lungs may induce pulmonary inflammation that contributes to lung injury, airway inflammatory hyperresponsiveness, and collagen deposition in mice and clinical patients. This study intended to investigate the relationship between T. canis infection and allergic asthma in BALB/c mice inoculated with high, moderate, and low doses of T. canis eggs for a 13-week investigation. The airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, collagen deposition, cytokine levels, and pathological changes in lung tissues was assessed in infected mice at weeks 1, 5, and 13 postinfection. The cell composition in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of infected mice was assessed at weeks 5 and 13 postinfection. Compared with uninfected control mice, all groups of T. canis-infected mice exhibited significant AHR, a dose-dependent increase in eosinophilic infiltration leading to multifocal interstitial and alveolar inflammation with abundant mucus secretion, and collagen deposition in which the lesion size increased with the infective dose. Infected mice groups also showed significant expressions of eotaxin and type 2 T-helper-dominant cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Overall, these results suggest that T. canis larval invasion of the lungs may potentially cause pulmonary inflammatory injury and could subsequently contribute to the development of allergic manifestations such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Lien Hanh
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Quy Nhon, Ministry of Health, Vietnam.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Lun Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Mei Chou
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ching Cheng
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huynh Hong Quang
- Institute of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Quy Nhon, Ministry of Health, Vietnam
| | - Chia-Kwung Fan
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Rhyou HI, Nam YH. Association between cognitive function and asthma in adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 126:69-74. [PMID: 32858237 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits are associated with asthma globally; however, the association between cognitive function and asthma has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between asthma and cognitive function. METHODS A total of 202 patients with asthma aged older than 18 years were analyzed retrospectively from August 2019 to February 2020. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. We compared the associations of clinical parameters with cognitive function (MoCA, ≥23 vs <23) and lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], ≥70% vs <70%). RESULTS Of the total participants, 89 (44.1%) indicated cognitive impairment, of whom 23.1% were aged less than 65 years and 72.9% were aged 65 years or older. MoCA scores were significantly different according to age (24.91 ± 3.89 for ages <65 years vs 19.11 ± 5.11 for ages ≥65 years, P < .001) and lung function (23.29 ± 5.17 for FEV1 ≥70% vs 21.23 ± 5.21 for FEV1 <70%, P = .006), but not according to asthma control (22.35 ± 5.38 for nonsevere asthma vs 22.88 ± 4.91 for severe asthma, P = .55). Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.014-1.13; P = .01), educational status (OR, 6.068; CI, 2.175-16.927; P = .001), and asthma duration (OR, 1.007; CI, 1.001-1.013; P = .02) were significantly associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Cognitive impairment was largely observed in adults (44.1%) with asthma and was more prevalent in older adults than in younger adults. Longer asthma duration and lower lung function were more associated with cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-In Rhyou
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Dobashi-Okuyama K, Kawakami K, Miyasaka T, Sato K, Ishii K, Kawakami K, Masuda C, Suzuki S, Kasamatsu J, Yamamoto H, Tanno D, Kanno E, Tanno H, Kawano T, Takayanagi M, Takahashi T, Ohno I. Novel Toll-Like Receptor 9 Agonist Derived from Cryptococcus neoformans Attenuates Allergic Inflammation Leading to Asthma Onset in Mice. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 181:651-664. [PMID: 32585675 DOI: 10.1159/000508535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The enhanced type 2 helper (Th2) immune response is responsible for the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. To suppress the enhanced Th2 immune response, activation of the Th1 immune response has been an alternative strategy for anti-asthma therapy. In this context, effective Th1-inducing adjuvants that inhibit the development of allergic asthma but do not flare the side effects of the primary agent are required in clinical treatment and preventive medicine. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to determine the regulation of the Th2 type immune response in asthma by a novel immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) derived from Cryptococcus neoformans, termed ODN112, which contains a cytosine-guanine (CG) sequence but not canonical CpG motifs. METHODS Using an ovalbumin-induced asthma mouse model, we assessed the effect of ODN112 on prototypical asthma-related features in the lung and on the Th1/Th2 profile in the lymph nodes and lung of mice treated with ODN112 during sensitization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION ODN112 treatment attenuated asthma features in mice. In the bronchial lymph nodes of the lungs and in the spleen, ODN112 increased interferon-γ production and attenuated Th2 recall responses. In dendritic cells (DCs) after allergen sensitization, ODN112 enhanced cluster of differentiation (CD) 40 and CD80 expression but did not alter CD86 expression. Interleukin-12p40 production from DCs was also increased in a Th2-polarizing condition. Our results suggest that ODN112 is a potential Th1-inducing adjuvant during Th2 cell differentiation in the sensitization phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Dobashi-Okuyama
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan,
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaori Kawakami
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chiaki Masuda
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Syugo Suzuki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tasuku Kawano
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoaki Takayanagi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Isao Ohno
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Hvidtfeldt M, Sverrild A, Backer V, Porsbjerg C. Airway hyperresponsiveness to mannitol improves in both type 2 high and type 2 low asthma after specialist management. J Asthma 2020; 58:1221-1228. [PMID: 32519918 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1780255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 2 low (T2-low) asthma is reported to respond less to anti-inflammatory treatment compared with Type 2 high (T2-high) asthma. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to mannitol, a marker of airway mast cell activation, may be indicative of response to treatment in patients with T2-low disease. We investigated whether AHR to mannitol improves in patients with T2-low asthma after specialist management. METHODS Patients with asthma or suspected asthma, referred to our specialist outpatient clinic, were enrolled consecutively and assessed with FeNO, asthma control, blood eosinophils, mannitol and methacholine tests and induced sputum. T2-low asthma was defined in patients with FeNO < 25ppb and sputum eosinophils < 3% and blood eosinophils < 300µl-1 at inclusion. Patients with asthma and AHR to mannitol (PD15 ≤ 635 mg) were followed and reassessed after 12 months of specialist management. RESULTS Thirty-two patients (Females: 56%, age: 22 years (15-59)) were followed. Fourteen (44%) with T2-high and 18 (56%) with T2-low asthma. Baseline AHR to mannitol was comparable: Gmean PD15: 150 mg (95% CI 61-368) and 214 mg (95% CI 106-432) for T2-high and T2-low asthma respectively (P = 0.51). Both groups improved equally: Gmean PD15: 488 mg (95% CI 311-767) and 507 mg (95% CI 345-746); corresponding to a doubling-dose of: 3.00 (95% CI 1.58-5.74, P = 0.003) and 2.28 (95% CI 1.47-3.53, P = 0.001) respectively. There were no concomitant improvements in AHR to methacholine. CONCLUSION Patients with asthma and AHR to mannitol improve similarly in responsiveness to mannitol after 12 months of specialist management regardless of Type 2 inflammatory biomarker levels. Mechanisms driving AHR in T2-low asthma need to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asger Sverrild
- Respiratory Research Unit, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Backer
- Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Respiratory Research Unit, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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34
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Esteves P, Celle A, Berger P, Trian T. [Bronchial smooth muscle mitochondria: A new target for asthma therapy?]. Rev Mal Respir 2020; 37:201-204. [PMID: 32139106 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this review is to highlight mitochondria as a new therapeutic target to prevent bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) remodeling in asthma. Severe asthmatic patients, representing 5-10% of all asthmatics, are characterized by an increased BSM mass which is highly correlated with the severity of the disease and the rate of exacerbations. None of the current asthma therapies are effective in reducing BSM remodelling. This review, based on the current literature, reports the role of mitochondria in BSM, particularly in calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Esteves
- Université Bordeaux, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France; Inserm, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France.
| | - A Celle
- Université Bordeaux, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France; Inserm, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - P Berger
- Université Bordeaux, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France; Inserm, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France; CHU de Bordeaux, service d'exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire, CIC 1401, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - T Trian
- Université Bordeaux, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France; Inserm, centre de recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, 33600 Pessac, France
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35
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Kim YM, Kim H, Lee S, Kim S, Lee JU, Choi Y, Park HW, You G, Kang H, Lee S, Park JS, Park Y, Park HS, Park CS, Lee SW. Airway G-CSF identifies neutrophilic inflammation and contributes to asthma progression. Eur Respir J 2020; 55:13993003.00827-2019. [PMID: 31744834 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00827-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stratification of asthmatic patients based on relevant biomarkers enables the prediction of responsiveness against immune-targeted therapies in patients with asthma. Individualised therapy in patients with eosinophilic asthma has yielded improved clinical outcomes; similar approaches in patients with neutrophilic asthma have yet to be developed. We determined whether colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) in the airway reflect the inflammatory phenotypes of asthma and contribute to disease progression of neutrophilic asthma.We analysed three different mouse models of asthma and assessed cytokine profiles in sputum from human patients with asthma stratified according to inflammatory phenotype. In addition, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of various cytokine blockades in a mouse model of neutrophilic asthma.Among the CSFs, airway granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) contributes to airway neutrophilia by promoting neutrophil development in bone marrow and thereby distinguishes neutrophilic inflammation from eosinophilic inflammation in mouse models of asthma. G-CSF is produced by concurrent stimulation of the lung epithelium with interleukin (IL)-17A and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α; therefore, dual blockade of upstream stimuli using monoclonal antibodies or genetic deficiency of the cytokines in IL-17A×TNF-α double-knockout mice reduced the serum level of G-CSF, leading to alleviation of neutrophilic inflammation in the airway. In humans, the sputum level of G-CSF can be used to stratify patients with asthma with neutrophil-dominated inflammation.Our results indicated that myelopoiesis-promoting G-CSF and cytokines as the upstream inducing factors are potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in patients with neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Kim
- Dept of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyekang Kim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Seungwon Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sora Kim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Lee
- Dept of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwoo Choi
- Dept of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Wook Park
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihoon You
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Kang
- Dept of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Lee
- Dept of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sook Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunji Park
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Dept of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Disease, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Lee
- Dept of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea .,Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
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36
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Choi JY, Kim SH, Kim JE, Park JW, Kang MJ, Choi HJ, Bae SJ, Lee JH, Jung YS, Hwang DY. Four amino acids as serum biomarkers for anti-asthma effects in the ovalbumin-induced asthma mouse model treated with extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis. Lab Anim Res 2019; 35:32. [PMID: 32257919 PMCID: PMC7081585 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-019-0033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The butanol extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis roots fermented with Weissella cibaria (BAW) effectively prevents inflammation and remodeling of airway in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. To characterize biomarkers that can predict the anti-asthmatic effects induced by BAW treatment, we measured the alteration of endogenous metabolites in the serum of OVA-induced asthma mice after administration of low concentration BAW (BAWLo, 250 mg/kg) and high concentration BAW (BAWHi, 500 mg/kg) using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectral data. The number of immune cells and serum concentration of IgE as well as thickness of the respiratory epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the airway significantly recovered in the OVA+BAW treated group as compared to the OVA+Vehicle treated group. In the metabolic profile analysis, the pattern recognition showed completely separate clustering of serum analysis parameters between the OVA+Vehicle and OVA+BAW treated groups. Of the total endogenous metabolites, 19 metabolites were upregulated or downregulated in the OVA+Vehicle treated group as compared to the Control treated group. However, only 4 amino acids (alanine, glycine, methionine and tryptophan) were significantly recovered after BAWLo and BAWHi treatment. This study provides the first results pertaining to metabolic changes in the asthma model mice treated with OVA+BAW. Additionally, these findings show that 4 metabolites can be used as one of biomarkers to predict the anti-asthmatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Choi
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea
| | - So Hyun Kim
- 2College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea
| | - Mi Ju Kang
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jun Choi
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea
| | - Su Ji Bae
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea
| | - Jae Ho Lee
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Jung
- 2College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241 South Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- 1Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, 50 Cheonghak-ri, Samnangjin-eup Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463 South Korea.,3Wellbeing Product Regional Innovation System Center, Pusan National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50463 South Korea
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Wang C, Zheng M, Choi Y, Jiang J, Li L, Li J, Xu C, Xian Z, Li Y, Piao H, Li L, Yan G. Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Airway Remodeling by Inhibiting Crosstalk Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Signaling Pathways in Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1338. [PMID: 31780948 PMCID: PMC6859802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study is to investigate the effect of cryptotanshinone (CTS) on airway remodeling and the possible mechanism. Male BALB/c mice were pretreated with CTS or dexamethasone 30 min before nebulized inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA). CTS significantly inhibited OVA-induced increases of eosinophils and neutrophils infiltration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs), reduced airway resistance in asthmatic mice, decreased the accumulation of inflammatory cells, the hyperplasia of goblet cells and the deposition of collagen in asthmatic mice lung tissue, as well as markedly attenuated the leakage of inflammatory cells and the level of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E in BALFs. CTS also inhibited the expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), Fn14, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, Smad4, and phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and STAT3 (Tyr705). In comparison to TWEAK inhibitor or TWEAK small interfering RNA (siRNA), which were used to inhibit TWEAK/STAT3 signaling pathways, CTS caused a similar effect as them on airway remodeling. Additionally, CTS also played a similar role as the TGF-β1 inhibitor or TGF-β1 siRNA in TGF-β1/STAT3 signaling pathways in airway remodeling. The anti-inflammatory effects of CTS against OVA-induced airway remodeling may be through inhibiting STAT3, which further suppresses TWEAK and TGF-β1 signaling cross talk in asthma. CTS may be a promising therapeutic reagent for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Mingyu Zheng
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yunho Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jingzhi Jiang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Zhemin Xian
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hongmei Piao
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Liangchang Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Guanghai Yan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Jilin Key Laboratory of Anaphylactic Disease, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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38
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Hong SG, Hwang YH, Mun SK, Kim SJ, Jang HY, Kim H, Paik MJ, Yee ST. Role of Th2 cytokines on the onset of asthma induced by meta-xylene in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1121-1128. [PMID: 31240852 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
meta-Xylene (m-xylene) is one of three isomers of xylene, which is widely used as a solvent and detergent in various industries and medical technology. Exposure to volatile organic compounds, such as m-xylene, causes pulmonary inflammation and airway inflammation, thereby contributing to the onset of asthma. Exposure to m-xylene increases acute wheezing and intensity of asthma symptom. However, the mechanism of the onset of asthma by m-xylene has not been studied yet. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized and challenged by m-xylene at 100 or 300 mg/kg. The mice were then sacrificed after the last challenge. Exposure to m-xylene increased the total number of inflammatory cells and the production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, and immunoglobulin E related to the Th2 immune response. In contrast, the production of interferon-γ related to the Th1 immune response was decreased. In addition, the airway resistance increased according to the airway hyper-responsiveness measurements. Finally, a histological analysis revealed infiltration of inflammatory cells, mucus production, and lung fibrosis. These results suggest that m-xylene is a potential risk factor for asthma and the onset of asthma is caused by TH2 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Gyeol Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ho Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Mun
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeol Jang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Yee
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
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Majellano EC, Clark VL, Winter NA, Gibson PG, McDonald VM. Approaches to the assessment of severe asthma: barriers and strategies. J Asthma Allergy 2019; 12:235-251. [PMID: 31692528 PMCID: PMC6712210 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s178927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic condition with great variability. It is characterized by intermittent episodes of wheeze, cough, chest tightness, dyspnea and backed by variable airflow limitation, airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness. Asthma severity varies uniquely between individuals and may change over time. Stratification of asthma severity is an integral part of asthma management linking appropriate treatment to establish asthma control. Precision assessment of severe asthma is crucial for monitoring the health of people with this disease. The literature suggests multiple factors that impede the assessment of severe asthma, these can be grouped into health care professional, patient and organizational related barriers. These barriers do not exist in isolation but interact and influence one another. Recognition of these barriers is necessary to promote precision in the assessment and management of severe asthma in the era of targeted therapy. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the barriers that impede assessment in severe asthma and recommend potential strategies for overcoming these barriers. We highlight the relevance of multidimensional assessment as an ideal approach to the assessment and management of severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor C Majellano
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma and the Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa L Clark
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma and the Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Natasha A Winter
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma and the Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter G Gibson
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma and the Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa M McDonald
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Severe Asthma and the Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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40
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Dias ASO, Santos ICL, Delphim L, Fernandes G, Endlich LR, Cafasso MOSD, Maranhão AL, da Silva SR, Andrade RM, Agrawal A, Linhares UC, Bento CAM. Serum leptin levels correlate negatively with the capacity of vitamin D to modulate the in vitro cytokines production by CD4 + T cells in asthmatic patients. Clin Immunol 2019; 205:93-105. [PMID: 31173888 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Both obesity and low vitamin D levels have been associated with allergic asthma (AA) severity. In the present study, severity of AA was associated with obesity but to the in vitro IgE production. In those patients, higher levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17 were quantified in CD4+ T-cell cultures as compared with patients with mild and moderate AA. In addition, the lowest IL-10 levels were detected in the cell cultures from patients with a worse prognosis. Interestingly, the occurrence of AA elevates the plasma levels of leptin, and this adipokine was positively correlated with the release of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17, but inversely correlated with IL-10 production, by CD4+ T-cells from patients. In AA-derived CD4+ T-cell cultures, 1,25(OH)2D3 was less efficient at inhibiting IL-5, IL-6 and IL-17 production, and up regulating IL-10 release, as those from healthy subjects. Interestingly, the in vitro immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D were inversely correlated with serum leptin levels. In summary, our findings suggested that obesity, probably due to the overproduction of leptin, negatively impacts AA as it favors imbalance between Th2/Th17 and regulatory phenotypes. The deleterious effects of leptin may also be due to its ability to counter-regulate the immunosuppressive effects of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleida S O Dias
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Post-graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabelle C L Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia Delphim
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Larissa R Endlich
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Maranhão
- Pulmonology Service, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Regis M Andrade
- Department of General Medicine Department, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anshu Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ulisses C Linhares
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cleonice A M Bento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Post-graduate Program in Microbiology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Yang X. Vitamin E reduces the extent of mouse brain damage induced by combined exposure to formaldehyde and PM2.5. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:33-39. [PMID: 30669072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to specific air pollutants has been demonstrated to induce damage in the brain. However, these studies ignore the effects of a combination of contaminants, and there is a high likelihood that people will be exposed to a mixture of contaminants in daily life. Our previous study showed that co-exposure to formaldehyde (FA) and PM2.5 induced damage in the mouse brain at the safe exposure level for FA or PM2.5 exposure alone, and that oxidative stress and inflammation may be involved in the toxicity mechanisms. A universal strategy to protect people exposed to FA and PM2.5 is urgently needed. To explore whether an exogenous substance could counteract the negative effects of exposure to these pollutants, we administered vitamin E (Vit E) to the experimental animals. The results showed that administration of Vit E in tandem with the FA and PM2.5 co-exposure, reduced the extent of damage to the mouse brain. Down-regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation were proposed to explain the protective effects of Vit E. This research provides a universal strategy to effectively protect people who are exposed to FA and PM2.5 simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China; Laboratory of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Ayakannu R, Abdullah NA, Radhakrishnan AK, Lechimi Raj V, Liam CK. Relationship between various cytokines implicated in asthma. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:755-763. [PMID: 31054782 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disorder involving immunologic, environmental, genetic and other factors. Today, asthma is the most common disease encountered in clinical medicine in both children and adults worldwide. Asthma is characterized by increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree resulting in chronic swelling and inflammation of the airways recognized to be controlled by the T-helper 2 (Th2) lymphocytes, which secrete cytokines to increase the production of IgE by B cells. There are many cytokines implicated in the development of the chronic inflammatory processes that are often observed in asthma. Ultimately, these cytokines cause the release of mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes (LT), which in turn promote airway remodeling, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and bronchoconstriction. The CD4+ T-lymphocytes from the airways of asthmatics express a panel of cytokines that represent the Th2 cells. The knowledge derived from numerous experimental and clinical studies have allowed physicians and scientists to understand the normal functions of these cytokines and their roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. The main focus of this review is to accentuate the relationship between various cytokines implicated in human asthma. However, some key findings from animal models will be highlighted to support the discoveries from clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathimalar Ayakannu
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ammu K Radhakrishnan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vijaya Lechimi Raj
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - C K Liam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Insuela DBR, Azevedo CT, Coutinho DS, Magalhães NS, Ferrero MR, Ferreira TPT, Cascabulho CM, Henriques-Pons A, Olsen PC, Diaz BL, Silva PMR, Cordeiro RSB, Martins MA, Carvalho VF. Glucagon reduces airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and remodeling induced by ovalbumin. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6478. [PMID: 31019244 PMCID: PMC6482309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42981-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon has been shown to be beneficial as a treatment for bronchospasm in asthmatics. Here, we investigate if glucagon would prevent airway hyperreactivity (AHR), lung inflammation, and remodeling in a murine model of asthma. Glucagon (10 and 100 µg/Kg, i.n.) significantly prevented AHR and eosinophilia in BAL and peribronchiolar region induced by ovalbumin (OVA) challenge, while only the dose of 100 µg/Kg of glucagon inhibited subepithelial fibrosis and T lymphocytes accumulation in BAL and lung. The inhibitory action of glucagon occurred in parallel with reduction of OVA-induced generation of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α, eotaxin-1/CCL11, and eotaxin-2/CCL24 but not MDC/CCL22 and TARC/CCL17. The inhibitory effect of glucagon (100 µg/Kg, i.n.) on OVA-induced AHR and collagen deposition was reversed by pre-treatment with indomethacin (10 mg/Kg, i.p.). Glucagon increased intracellular cAMP levels and inhibits anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28-induced proliferation and production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF- α from TCD4+ cells in vitro. These findings suggest that glucagon reduces crucial features of asthma, including AHR, lung inflammation, and remodeling, in a mechanism probably associated with inhibition of eosinophils accumulation and TCD4+ cell proliferation and function. Glucagon should be further investigated as an option for asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella B R Insuela
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina T Azevedo
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego S Coutinho
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathalia S Magalhães
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maximiliano R Ferrero
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Paula T Ferreira
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cynthia M Cascabulho
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea Henriques-Pons
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscilla C Olsen
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Immunology, Department of Toxicological and Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno L Diaz
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia M R Silva
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato S B Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco A Martins
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius F Carvalho
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Chronic asthma-induced behavioral and hippocampal neuronal morphological changes are concurrent with BDNF, cofilin1 and Cdc42/RhoA alterations in immature mice. Brain Res Bull 2018; 143:194-206. [PMID: 30227235 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have found that persistent hypoxia caused by chronic asthma, especially during childhood, affects the development and function of the brain, but the mechanism is unclear. In the present study, BDNF and its signal pathway was investigated in mediating chronic asthma induced-neuronal changes that lead to behavior alterations. METHODS The chronic asthma model was induced by sensitization with ovalbumin for more than 9 weeks in immature mice. Morris water maze test (MWMT), open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze test (EPMT) were used to conduct behavioral evaluation. Neuronal morphology in hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG was assessed using ImageJ's Sholl plugin and RESCONSTRUCT software. BDNF signaling pathway related molecules was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Chronic asthma does affect the behavioral performances of immature mice evaluated in MWMT, OFT, and EPMT. The analysis by three-dimensional reconstruction software found that following the behavioral alteration of asthmatic mice, dendritic changes also occurred in hippocampal neurons, including shortened dendrite length, significantly reduced number of dendritic branches, decreased density of dendritic spines, and reduced percentage of functional dendritic spine types. At the same time, by immunofluorescence and western blotting, we also found that alterations in dendritic morphology were consistent with activation of cofilin1 and changes in BDNF-Cdc42/RhoA levels. Some of the changes mentioned above can be alleviated by intranasal administration of budesonide. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that response similar to nicotine withdrawal or/and hypoxia induced by childhood chronic asthma enhances the BDNF-Cdc42/RhoA signaling pathway and activates cofilin1, leading to the remodeling of actin, causing the loss of dendritic spines and atrophy of dendrites, eventually resulting in behavioral alterations.
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Roncada C, Andrade J, Bischoff LC, Pitrez PM. COMPARISON OF TWO INHALATIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR BRONCHODILATOR ADMINISTRATION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH ACUTE ASTHMA CRISIS: A META-ANALYSIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 36:364-371. [PMID: 29995144 PMCID: PMC6202895 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;3;00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy of pediatric asthma treatment by nebulizer and
metered-dose inhaler with the use of a spacer (MDI-spacer) in rescue
techniques for asthmatic patients assisted at pediatric emergency units. Data sources: A systematic review was conducted to identify the most relevant randomized
controlled trials comparing the administration of a bronchodilator (β-2
agonist) by two inhalation techniques (nebulization and MDI-spacer) to treat
asthma in children at pediatric emergency units. The following databases
were searched: PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and
ScienceDirect. Two researchers independently applied the eligibility
criteria, and only randomized controlled trials that compared both
inhalation techniques (nebulization and MDI-spacer) for asthma treatment at
pediatric emergency units were included. Data synthesis: 212 articles were pre-selected, of which only nine met the eligibility
criteria and were included in meta-analysis. Results show no differences
between inhalation techniques for any of the four outcomes analyzed: heart
rate (difference - Df: 1.99 [95% confidence interval - 95%CI -2.01-6.00]);
respiratory rate (Df: 0.11 [95%CI -1.35-1.56]); O2 saturation
(Df: -0.01 [95%CI -0.50-0.48]); and asthma score (Df: 0.06 [95%CI
-0,26-0.38]). Conclusions: The findings demonstrate no differences in cardiorespiratory frequency,
O2 saturation, and asthma scores upon administration of β-2
agonist by both inhalation techniques (nebulization and MDI-spacer) to
asthmatic patients assisted at pediatric emergency units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Roncada
- Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil.,Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Julia Andrade
- Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Paulo Márcio Pitrez
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Seo HJ, Lee PH, Kim BG, Lee SH, Park JS, Lee J, Park SW, Kim DJ, Park CS, Jang AS. Methacholine bronchial provocation test in patients with asthma: serial measurements and clinical significance. Korean J Intern Med 2018; 33:807-814. [PMID: 29334723 PMCID: PMC6030423 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2017.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The methacholine bronchial provocation test (MBPT) is used to detect and quantify airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Since improvements in the severity of asthma are associated with improvements in AHR, clinical studies of asthma therapies routinely use the change of airway responsiveness as an objective outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serial MBPT and clinical profiles in patients with asthma. METHODS A total of 323 asthma patients were included in this study. The MBPT was performed on all patients beginning at their initial diagnosis until asthma was considered controlled based on the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. A responder was defined by a decrease in AHR while all other patients were considered non-responders. RESULTS A total of 213 patients (66%) were responders, while 110 patients (34%) were non-responders. The responder group had a lower initial PC20 (provocative concentration of methacholine required to decrease the forced expiratory volume in 1 second by 20%) and longer duration compared to the non-responder group. Members of the responder group also had superior qualities of life, compared to members of the non-responder group. Whole blood cell counts were not related to differences in PC20; however, eosinophil concentration was. No differences in sex, age, body mass index, smoking history, serum immunoglobulin E, or frequency of acute exacerbation were observed between responders and non-responders. CONCLUSIONS The initial PC20, the duration of asthma, eosinophil concentrations, and quality-of-life may be useful variables to identify improvements in AHR in asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Pureun-Haneul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Byeong-Gon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sun-Hye Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jong-Sook Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Junehyuck Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Do-Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - An-Soo Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
- Correspondence to An-Soo Jang, M.D. Division of Respiratory and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14584, Korea Tel: +82-32-621-5143 Fax: +82-32-621-6950 E-mail:
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Bian R, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Yin Y, Zhao X, Chen H, Yuan Y. White Matter Integrity Disruptions Correlate With Cognitive Impairments in Asthma. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 48:748-756. [PMID: 29356252 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairments are common in asthma, which is a serious global health problem characterized by chronic airway inflammation. However, the underlying neuromechanism is still unclear. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS To investigate the neuromechanism underlying cognitive impairments of asthma. We hypothesized that asthma patients exhibit altered white matter (WM) microstructures, which may contribute to their cognitive impairments. STUDY TYPE Case-control study. SUBJECTS 37 patients with asthma (14 male) and 31 healthy controls (10 male). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) covering the whole brain was acquired on a 3.0T scanner using a single-shot echo planar imaging sequence. ASSESSMENT A DTI with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) approach was used to investigate the whole-brain differences in the WM fractional anisotropy (FA) values. STATISTICAL TESTS Demographic and neuropsychological data were performed using two independent sample t-test or chi-square test or Mann-Whitney rank test. The relationship between cognitive impairments and WM abnormalities was studied using correlation analyses. RESULTS Impairments of language ability, executive function, and visual-spatial processing and widespread WM disruptions reflected by FA reduction were found in asthma patients. The executive function was related to left forceps major, cingulum, and right uncinate fasciculus, ILF (inferior longitudinal fasciculus) positively (P < 0.05). FA abnormalities were positively correlated with duration of asthma and asthma control test (ACT) scores. DATA CONCLUSION Asthma patients display multiple cognitive impairments and universally WM integrity disruptions, among which executive dysfunction closely correlates with WM abnormalities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Bian
- Medical School of Southeast University, Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqun Zhang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Yin
- Medical School of Southeast University, Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Huanxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Medical School of Southeast University, Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
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48
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de Menezes MB, Ferraz E, Brannan JD, Martinez EZ, Vianna EO. The efficacy and safety of mannitol challenge in a workplace setting for assessing asthma prevalence. J Asthma 2018; 55:1278-1285. [PMID: 29300533 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2017.1418887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is no standard definition of asthma for epidemiological purposes; most surveys use symptoms and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Few studies tested mannitol challenge test (MCT) in occupational settings. We sought to determine efficacy and safety of MCT in detecting subjects with asthma symptoms in the workplace. METHODS In this cross-sectional study we recruited 908 workers in 2 universities; they underwent a respiratory questionnaire, spirometry, skin prick tests, and MCT. RESULTS Eight hundred and eleven subjects completed the study; 11.1% had a positive MCT; 8.14% had asthma. MCT had low sensitivity (35.4-61.9%) but high specificity (90.2-94.9%) to detect symptomatic individuals. The most prevalent symptom was wheezing in the last 12 months. Twenty-four of those with a positive MCT (26.7%) had no positive replies to the questions on asthma symptoms. Among subjects with a positive MCT, 71.9% achieved 95% of baseline FEV1 after 15 minutes of salbutamol recovery treatment. Nine subjects (1.1%) had adverse events that prevented the test from being completed. CONCLUSIONS MCT has high specificity but low sensitivity to detect symptomatic subjects in the workplace. It may detect subjects with hyperresponsiveness but no symptoms, who could be at risk of developing airway diseases. The test is safe and well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo B de Menezes
- a Department of Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Erica Ferraz
- b Department of Physiotherapy , Regional University Center of Espírito Santo do Pinhal , Espírito Santo do Pinhal , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - John D Brannan
- c Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine , John Hunter Hospital , New Lambton , NSW , Australia
| | - Edson Z Martinez
- d Department of Social Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Elcio O Vianna
- a Department of Medicine , Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
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Miyasaka T, Dobashi-Okuyama K, Takahashi T, Takayanagi M, Ohno I. The interplay between neuroendocrine activity and psychological stress-induced exacerbation of allergic asthma. Allergol Int 2018; 67:32-42. [PMID: 28539203 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress is recognized as a key factor in the exacerbation of allergic asthma, whereby brain responses to stress act as immunomodulators for asthma. In particular, stress-induced enhanced type 2 T-helper (Th2)-type lung inflammation is strongly associated with asthma pathogenesis. Psychological stress leads to eosinophilic airway inflammation through activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway and autonomic nervous system. This is followed by the secretion of stress hormones into the blood, including glucocorticoids, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, which enhance Th2 and type 17 T-helper (Th17)-type asthma profiles in humans and rodents. Recent evidence has shown that a defect of the μ-opioid receptor in the brain along with a defect of the peripheral glucocorticoid receptor signaling completely disrupted stress-induced airway inflammation in mice. This suggests that the stress response facilitates events in the central nervous and endocrine systems, thus exacerbating asthma. In this review, we outline the recent findings on the interplay between stress and neuroendocrine activities followed by stress-induced enhanced Th2 and Th17 immune responses and attenuated regulatory T (Treg) cell responses that are closely linked with asthma exacerbation. We will place a special focus on our own data that has emphasized the continuity from central sensing of psychological stress to enhanced eosinophilic airway inflammation. The mechanism that modulates psychological stress-induced exacerbation of allergic asthma through neuroendocrine activities is thought to involve a series of consecutive pathological events from the brain to the lung, which implies there to be a "neuropsychiatry phenotype" in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaori Dobashi-Okuyama
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoaki Takayanagi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Isao Ohno
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
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50
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Xia S, Zhu Z, Guan WJ, Xie YQ, An JY, Peng T, Chen RC, Zheng JP. Correlation between upper and lower airway inflammations in patients with combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome: A comparison of patients initially presenting with allergic rhinitis and those initially presenting with asthma. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1761-1767. [PMID: 29434763 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma often coexist. The terminology combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS) was introduced to describe patients with combined AR and asthma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between eosinophilic inflammation in the upper and lower airways of patients with CARAS. Stable patients with CARAS initially presenting with AR or asthma were recruited. Healthy subjects and patients with AR alone were recruited as controls. Clinical characteristics, including disease history, lung function, nasal airway inspiratory resistance and upper and lower airway eosinophilic inflammation were evaluated and compared. A total of 73 subjects (22 patients with CARAS initially presenting with AR, 15 patients with CARAS initially presenting with asthma, 25 patients with AR alone and 11 healthy subjects) were studied. The nasal symptoms visual analogue scale scores at the week prior to enrollment and nasal airway inspiratory resistances were comparable among the groups. The percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 sec and percentage of predicted maximal middle expiratory flow in patients with CARAS initially presenting with asthma were significantly lower compared with the other three groups (P<0.05). No significant different in the percentage of eosinophils in the nasal lavage was observed between patients with CARAS and those with AR only; however, it was significantly increased compared with healthy subjects (P<0.05). The fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide and percentage of eosinophils in the sputum were significantly increased in patients with CARAS compared with those in the AR only and healthy subject groups (P<0.05). The difference in the percentage of eosinophils in the nasal lavage and sputum between patients with CARAS initially presenting with AR and initially presenting with asthma was not significant; however, a positive correlation between the percentage of eosinophils in the upper and lower airways was present in patients with CARAS initially presenting with AR only (r=0.526, P=0.030).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jie Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Tao Peng
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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