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Adegbola PI, Adetutu A. Genetic and epigenetic modulations in toxicity: The two-sided roles of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the environment. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:502-519. [PMID: 38774476 PMCID: PMC11106787 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study emphasizes the importance of considering the metabolic and toxicity mechanisms of environmental concern chemicals in real-life exposure scenarios. Furthermore, environmental chemicals may require metabolic activation to become toxic, and competition for binding sites on receptors can affect the severity of toxicity. The multicomplex process of chemical toxicity is reflected in the activation of multiple pathways during toxicity of which AhR activation is major. Real-life exposure to a mixture of concern chemicals is common, and the composition of these chemicals determines the severity of toxicity. Nutritional essential elements can mitigate the toxicity of toxic heavy metals, while the types and ratio of composition of PAH can either increase or decrease toxicity. The epigenetic mechanisms of heavy metals and PAH toxicity involves either down-regulation or up-regulation of some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) whereas specific small RNAs (sRNAs) may have dual role depending on the tissue and circumstance of expression. Similarly, decrease DNA methylation and histone modification are major players in heavy metals and PAH mediated toxicity and FLT1 hypermethylation is a major process in PAH induced carcinogenesis. Overall, this review provides the understanding of the metabolism of environmental concern chemicals, emphasizing the importance of considering mixed compositions and real-life exposure scenarios in assessing their potential effects on human health and diseases development as well as the dual mechanism of toxicity via genetic or epigenetic axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adewale Adetutu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
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2
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Wu C, Liu M, Liu J, Jia M, Zeng X, Fu Z, Geng Y, He Z, Zhang X, Yan H. Integrative analysis of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-related signature in multiple myeloma. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3595. [PMID: 37730959 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy in which plasma cells proliferate abnormally, and it remains incurable. The cells are characterized by high levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and depend on the ERS response for survival. Thus, we aim to find an ERS-related signature of MM and assess its diagnostic value. METHODS We downloaded three datasets of MM from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. After identifying ERS-related differentially expressed genes (ERDEGs), we analyzed them using Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction network, a transcription factor-mRNA network, a miRNA-mRNA network and a drug-mRNA network were constructed to explore the ERDEGs. The clinical application of these genes was identified by calculating the infiltration of immune cells and using receiver operating characteistic analyses. Finally, qPCR was performed to further confirm the roles of ERDEGs. RESULTS We obtained nine ERDEGs of MM. Gene Ontology enrichment indicated that the ERDEGs played a role in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Additionally, the protein-protein interaction network showed interaction among the ERDEGs, and there were 20 proteins, 107 transcription factors, 42 drugs or molecular compounds and 51 miRNAs which were likely to interact with the nine genes. In addition, immune cell infiltration analyses showed that there was a strong correlation between the nine genes and immune cells, and these potential biomarkers exhibited good diagnostic values. Finally, the expression of ERDEGs in MM cells was different from that in healthy donor samples. CONCLUSION The nine ERS-related genes, CR2, DHCR7, DNAJC3, KDELR2, LPL, OSBPL3, PINK1, VCAM1 and XBP1 are potential biomarkers of MM, and this supports further clinical development of the diagnosis and treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of General Practice, Wuxi Branch of Ruijin Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyuan Jia
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlai Geng
- Department of General Practice, Wuxi Branch of Ruijin Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqi He
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Albano GD, Montalbano AM, Gagliardo R, Profita M. Autophagy/Mitophagy in Airway Diseases: Impact of Oxidative Stress on Epithelial Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1217. [PMID: 37627282 PMCID: PMC10452925 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is the key process by which the cell degrades parts of itself within the lysosomes. It maintains cell survival and homeostasis by removing molecules (particularly proteins), subcellular organelles, damaged cytoplasmic macromolecules, and by recycling the degradation products. The selective removal or degradation of mitochondria is a particular type of autophagy called mitophagy. Various forms of cellular stress (oxidative stress (OS), hypoxia, pathogen infections) affect autophagy by inducing free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation to promote the antioxidant response. Dysfunctional mechanisms of autophagy have been found in different respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and asthma, involving epithelial cells. Several existing clinically approved drugs may modulate autophagy to varying extents. However, these drugs are nonspecific and not currently utilized to manipulate autophagy in airway diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of different autophagic pathways with particular attention on the dysfunctional mechanisms of autophagy in the epithelial cells during asthma and COPD. Our aim is to further deepen and disclose the research in this direction to stimulate the develop of new and selective drugs to regulate autophagy for asthma and COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Daniela Albano
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Section of Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.M.); (R.G.); (M.P.)
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4
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Kandasamy J, Li R, Vamesu BM, Olave N, Halloran B, Jilling T, Ballinger SW, Ambalavanan N. Mitochondrial DNA Variations Modulate Alveolar Epithelial Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Stress in Newborn Mice Exposed to Hyperoxia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.17.541177. [PMID: 37292719 PMCID: PMC10245974 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.17.541177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important contributor to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a form of chronic lung disease that is the most common morbidity in very preterm infants. Mitochondrial functional differences due to inherited and acquired mutations influence the pathogenesis of disorders in which oxidative stress plays a critical role. We previously showed using mitochondrial-nuclear exchange (MNX) mice that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations modulate hyperoxia-induced lung injury severity in a model of BPD. In this study, we studied the effects of mtDNA variations on mitochondrial function including mitophagy in alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) from MNX mice. We also investigated oxidant and inflammatory stress as well as transcriptomic profiles in lung tissue in mice and expression of proteins such as PINK1, Parkin and SIRT3 in infants with BPD. Our results indicate that AT2 from mice with C57 mtDNA had decreased mitochondrial bioenergetic function and inner membrane potential, increased mitochondrial membrane permeability and were exposed to higher levels of oxidant stress during hyperoxia compared to AT2 from mice with C3H mtDNA. Lungs from hyperoxia-exposed mice with C57 mtDNA also had higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to lungs from mice with C3H mtDNA. We also noted changes in KEGG pathways related to inflammation, PPAR and glutamatergic signaling, and mitophagy in mice with certain mito-nuclear combinations but not others. Mitophagy was decreased by hyperoxia in all mice strains, but to a greater degree in AT2 and neonatal mice lung fibroblasts from hyperoxia-exposed mice with C57 mtDNA compared to C3H mtDNA. Finally, mtDNA haplogroups vary with ethnicity, and Black infants with BPD had lower levels of PINK1, Parkin and SIRT3 expression in HUVEC at birth and tracheal aspirates at 28 days of life when compared to White infants with BPD. These results indicate that predisposition to neonatal lung injury may be modulated by variations in mtDNA and mito-nuclear interactions need to be investigated to discover novel pathogenic mechanisms for BPD.
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Barnes PJ. Senotherapy for lung diseases. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 98:249-271. [PMID: 37524489 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that there is acceleration of lung ageing in chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), with the accumulation of senescent cells in the lung. Senescent cells fail to repair tissue damage and release an array of inflammatory proteins, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which drive further senescence and disease progression. This suggests that targeting cellular senescence with senotherapies may treat the underlying disease process in COPD and IPF and thus reduce disease progression and mortality. Several existing or future drugs may inhibit the development of cellular senescence which is driven by chronic oxidative stress (senostatics), including inhibitors of PI3K-mTOR signalling pathways, antagomirs of critical microRNAs and novel antioxidants. Other drugs (senolytics) selectively remove senescent cells by promoting apoptosis. Clinical studies with senotherapies are already underway in chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
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6
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Tektemur NK, Tektemur A, Güzel EE. King Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii (Agaricomycetes), Extract Can Attenuate Doxorubicin-Induced Lung Damage by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress in Rats. Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:1-12. [PMID: 36734915 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2022046311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), a broad spectrum chemotherapeutic, has toxic effects on healthy tissues. Mitochondrial processes and oxidative stress act in the DOX-induced toxicity, therefore antioxidant therapies are widely used. The study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Pleurotus eryngii extract (PEE), an extract of a fungus with antioxidant properties, against DOX-induced lung damage. Rats were divided into Control, DOX, DOX + PEE, and PEE groups (n = 6). DOX was administered intraperitoneally in a single dose (10 mg/kg BW) and PE (200 mg/kg BW) was administered by oral gavage every other day for 21 days. Histopathological evaluations, immunohistochemical analyses, total oxidant status (TOS)/total antioxidant status (TAS) method, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis were performed. DOX led to severe histopathological disruptions in rat lungs. Also, DOX remarkably increased the expression of dynamin 1 like (DRP1) and decreased the expression of mitofusin 1 (MFN1) and mitofusin 2 (MFN2) genes, which are related to mitochondrial dynamics. Moreover, DOX caused an increase in TOS/ TAS and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels. On the other hand, PEE treatment remarkably normalized the histopathological findings, mitochondrial dynamics-related gene expressions, markers of oxidative stress, and DNA damage. The present study signs out that PEE can ameliorate the DOX-mediated lung toxicity and the antioxidant mechanism associated with mitochondrial dynamics can have a role in this potent therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Elif Erdem Güzel
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
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7
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Ryanto GRT, Suraya R, Nagano T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Pulmonary Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020372. [PMID: 36829931 PMCID: PMC9952650 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a multi-etiological condition with a similar hemodynamic clinical sign and end result of right heart failure. Although its causes vary, a similar link across all the classifications is the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria, as the powerhouse of the cells, hold a number of vital roles in maintaining normal cellular homeostasis, including the pulmonary vascular cells. As such, any disturbance in the normal functions of mitochondria could lead to major pathological consequences. The Warburg effect has been established as a major finding in PH conditions, but other mitochondria-related metabolic and oxidative stress factors have also been reported, making important contributions to the progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling that is commonly found in PH pathophysiology. In this review, we will discuss the role of the mitochondria in maintaining a normal vasculature, how it could be altered during pulmonary vascular remodeling, and the therapeutic options available that can treat its dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gusty Rizky Teguh Ryanto
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Ratoe Suraya
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Correspondence:
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8
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Is Disrupted Mitophagy a Central Player to Parkinson's Disease Pathology? Cureus 2023; 15:e35458. [PMID: 36860818 PMCID: PMC9969326 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst the pathophysiology at a cellular level has been defined, the cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains poorly understood. This neurodegenerative disorder is associated with impaired dopamine transmission in the substantia nigra, and protein accumulations known as Lewy bodies are visible in affected neurons. Cell culture models of PD have indicated impaired mitochondrial function, so the focus of this paper is on the quality control processes involved in and around mitochondria. Mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) is the process through which defective mitochondria are removed from the cell by internalisation into autophagosomes which fuse with a lysosome. This process involves many proteins, notably including PINK1 and parkin, both of which are known to be coded on genes associated with PD. Normally in healthy individuals, PINK1 associates with the outer mitochondrial membrane, which then recruits parkin, activating it to attach ubiquitin proteins to the mitochondrial membrane. PINK1, parkin, and ubiquitin cooperate to form a positive feedback system which accelerates the deposition of ubiquitin on dysfunctional mitochondria, resulting in mitophagy. However, in hereditary PD, the genes encoding PINK1 and parkin are mutated, resulting in proteins that are less efficient at removing poorly performing mitochondria, leaving cells more vulnerable to oxidative stress and ubiquitinated inclusion bodies, such as Lewy bodies. Current research that looks into the connection between mitophagy and PD is promising, already yielding potentially therapeutic compounds; until now, pharmacological support for the mitophagy process has not been part of the therapeutic arsenal. Continued research in this area is warranted.
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9
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Hazra S, Li R, Vamesu BM, Jilling T, Ballinger SW, Ambalavanan N, Kandasamy J. Mesenchymal stem cell bioenergetics and apoptosis are associated with risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low birth weight infants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17484. [PMID: 36261501 PMCID: PMC9582007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidant stress contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Mitochondrial function regulates oxidant stress responses as well as pluripotency and regenerative ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which are critical mediators of lung development. This study was conducted to test whether differences in endogenous MSC mitochondrial bioenergetics, proliferation and survival are associated with BPD risk in ELBW infants. Umbilical cord-derived MSCs of ELBW infants who later died or developed moderate/severe BPD had lower oxygen consumption and aconitase activity but higher extracellular acidification-indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidant stress-when compared to MSCs from infants who survived with no/mild BPD. Hyperoxia-exposed MSCs from infants who died or developed moderate/severe BPD also had lower PINK1 expression but higher TOM20 expression and numbers of mitochondria/cell, indicating that these cells had decreased mitophagy. Finally, these MSCs were also noted to proliferate at lower rates but undergo more apoptosis in cell cultures when compared to MSCs from infants who survived with no/mild BPD. These results indicate that mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction and mitophagy deficit induced by oxidant stress may lead to depletion of the endogenous MSC pool and subsequent disruption of lung development in ELBW infants at increased risk for BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehashis Hazra
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Bianca M Vamesu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Tamas Jilling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Scott W Ballinger
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, USA
| | - Namasivayam Ambalavanan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, USA
| | - Jegen Kandasamy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 1700 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
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10
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Mohammadi A, Higazy R, Gauda EB. PGC-1α activity and mitochondrial dysfunction in preterm infants. Front Physiol 2022; 13:997619. [PMID: 36225305 PMCID: PMC9548560 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.997619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) are born in a relatively hyperoxic environment with weak antioxidant defenses, placing them at high risk for mitochondrial dysfunction affecting multiple organ systems including the nervous, respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal systems. The brain and lungs are highly affected by mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulation in the neonate, causing white matter injury (WMI) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), respectively. Adequate mitochondrial function is important in providing sufficient energy for organ development as it relates to alveolarization and axonal myelination and decreasing oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) detoxification. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is at the root of WMI and BPD pathobiology, exploring therapies that can regulate PGC-1α activity may be beneficial. This review article describes several promising therapeutic agents that can mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction through direct and indirect activation and upregulation of the PGC-1α pathway. Metformin, resveratrol, omega 3 fatty acids, montelukast, L-citrulline, and adiponectin are promising candidates that require further pre-clinical and clinical studies to understand their efficacy in decreasing the burden of disease from WMI and BPD in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Mohammadi
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Randa Higazy
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Estelle B. Gauda
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Translational Medicine Program, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Estelle B. Gauda,
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Involvement of inflammatory cytokines and epigenetic modification of the mtTFA complex in T-helper cells of patients' suffering from non-small cell lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mol Immunol 2022; 151:70-83. [PMID: 36099831 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated inflammatory response plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Non-Small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hence, the purpose of this research is to uncover the link between alterations in inflammatory cytokine levels and disease progression in CD4+T cells of patients suffering from COPD and lung cancer. We also investigated the epigenetic regulation of mtTFA to delineate the role of oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in Lung cancer and COPD. The RT2 Profiler PCR array was used to examine the differential expression pattern of inflammatory genes in CD4+ T helper (Th) cells from COPD, NSCLC, and control subjects. Candidate inflammatory gene loci were selected and the enrichment of transcriptional factor and histone modifiers was analysed using ChIP-qPCR. In comparison to control subjects, a set of genes (e.g., BMP2, CCL2, IL5, VEGFA, etc.) are over-expressed whereas another set of genes (e.g., AIMP1, IFNG, LTA, LTB, TNF, etc.) are under-expressed in both COPD and NSCLC patients. The increased percent enrichment of inflammation-associated transcription factors including NF-kB, CREB, HIF1, and MYC at the loci of inflammatory genes was revealed by our chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) data. H3K4me3, H3K9me3, H3K14Ac, HDAC1, 2, 3, 6 all showed dysregulated enrichment at the VEGFA gene locus. One of the epigenetic modifications, histone methylation, was found to be abnormal in the mtTFA complex in COPD and NSCLC patients in comparison to controls. Although there is mounting evidence of several links between these disorders, therapeutic options remain inadequate. Our findings contribute to the body of knowledge about therapeutic techniques that use inflammatory cytokines as a prognostic marker and highlight the need for epigenetic therapy for these debilitating lung diseases.
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12
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Dailah HG. Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175542. [PMID: 36080309 PMCID: PMC9458015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasing and major global health problem. COPD is also the third leading cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress (OS) takes place when various reactive species and free radicals swamp the availability of antioxidants. Reactive nitrogen species, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their counterpart antioxidants are important for host defense and physiological signaling pathways, and the development and progression of inflammation. During the disturbance of their normal steady states, imbalances between antioxidants and oxidants might induce pathological mechanisms that can further result in many non-respiratory and respiratory diseases including COPD. ROS might be either endogenously produced in response to various infectious pathogens including fungi, viruses, or bacteria, or exogenously generated from several inhaled particulate or gaseous agents including some occupational dust, cigarette smoke (CS), and air pollutants. Therefore, targeting systemic and local OS with therapeutic agents such as small molecules that can increase endogenous antioxidants or regulate the redox/antioxidants system can be an effective approach in treating COPD. Various thiol-based antioxidants including fudosteine, erdosteine, carbocysteine, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine have the capacity to increase thiol content in the lungs. Many synthetic molecules including inhibitors/blockers of protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation, catalytic antioxidants including superoxide dismutase mimetics, and spin trapping agents can effectively modulate CS-induced OS and its resulting cellular alterations. Several clinical and pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that these antioxidants have the capacity to decrease OS and affect the expressions of several pro-inflammatory genes and genes that are involved with redox and glutathione biosynthesis. In this article, we have summarized the role of OS in COPD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we have particularly focused on the therapeutic potential of numerous chemicals, particularly antioxidants in the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Mazumder S, Bindu S, De R, Debsharma S, Pramanik S, Bandyopadhyay U. Emerging role of mitochondrial DAMPs, aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and anomalous mitophagy in gut mucosal pathogenesis. Life Sci 2022; 305:120753. [PMID: 35787999 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gastroduodenal inflammation and ulcerative injuries are increasing due to expanding socio-economic stress, unhealthy food habits-lifestyle, smoking, alcoholism and usage of medicines like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In fact, gastrointestinal (GI) complications, associated with the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, further, poses a challenge to global healthcare towards safeguarding the GI tract. Emerging evidences have discretely identified mitochondrial dysfunctions as common etiological denominators in diseases. However, it is worth realizing that mitochondrial dysfunctions are not just consequences of diseases. Rather, damaged mitochondria severely aggravate the pathogenesis thereby qualifying as perpetrable factors worth of prophylactic and therapeutic targeting. Oxidative and nitrosative stress due to endogenous and exogenous stimuli triggers mitochondrial injury causing production of mitochondrial damage associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), which, in a feed-forward loop, inflicts inflammatory tissue damage. Mitochondrial structural dynamics and mitophagy are crucial quality control parameters determining the extent of mitopathology and disease outcomes. Interestingly, apart from endogenous factors, mitochondria also crosstalk and in turn get detrimentally affected by gut pathobionts colonized during luminal dysbiosis. Although mitopathology is documented in various pre-clinical/clinical studies, a comprehensive account appreciating the mitochondrial basis of GI mucosal pathologies is largely lacking. Here we critically discuss the molecular events impinging on mitochondria along with the interplay of mitochondria-derived factors in fueling mucosal pathogenesis. We specifically emphasize on the potential role of aberrant mitochondrial dynamics, anomalous mitophagy, mitochondrial lipoxidation and ferroptosis as emerging regulators of GI mucosal pathogenesis. We finally discuss about the prospect of mitochondrial targeting for next-generation drug discovery against GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mazumder
- Department of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, 1 Acharya Dhruba Pal Road, Uttarpara, West Bengal 712258, India
| | - Samik Bindu
- Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 736101, India
| | - Rudranil De
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700135, India
| | - Subhashis Debsharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Saikat Pramanik
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Uday Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India; Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700091, India.
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14
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Aghali A, Koloko Ngassie ML, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Cellular Senescence in Aging Lungs and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111781. [PMID: 35681476 PMCID: PMC9179897 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence represents a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest occurring naturally or in response to exogenous stressors. Following the initial arrest, progressive phenotypic changes define conditions of cellular senescence. Understanding molecular mechanisms that drive senescence can help to recognize the importance of such pathways in lung health and disease. There is increasing interest in the role of cellular senescence in conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in the context of understanding pathophysiology and identification of novel therapies. Herein, we discuss the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms and mitochondrial dysfunction regulating different aspects of cellular senescence-related to chronic lung diseases to develop rational strategies for modulating the senescent cell phenotype in the lung for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbi Aghali
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.A.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Maunick Lefin Koloko Ngassie
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Lin YC, Lin YC, Tsai ML, Tsai YG, Kuo CH, Hung CH. IL-33 regulates M1/M2 chemokine expression via mitochondrial redox-related mitophagy in human monocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 359:109915. [PMID: 35339432 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 is an epithelial-derived cytokine that enhances T helper (Th) 2 responses. Allergens and other agents induce IL-33 in asthma. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to airway inflammation. Mitophagy is the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy and often occurs in defective mitochondria, followed by ROS production. In the present study, we examined the effects of IL-33 on ROS production and mitophagy in human monocytes, and the detailed mechanisms were investigated. Human monocyte cell line THP-1 was pretreated with different concentrations of IL-33. ROS production was measured by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial involvement and the mitophagy and intercellular pathway activation were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and confocal microscopy, and cytokine/chemokine concentrations were detected by ELISA. The data showed that IL-33 alone could induce ROS expression in THP-1 cells. The expression of complex II and V mRNA was increased in the presence of IL-33. The mitophagy-related proteins PINK1, Parkin, and LC3 were regulated by IL-33 through the AMPK pathway. IL-33 significantly decreased M1-related cytokines CXCL-10 and TNF-α production and significantly increased M2-related cytokine CCL-22 production. In conclusion, IL-33 induces ROS production and subsequently influences mitophagy through AMPK activation, altering the macrophage-polarization phenotype of monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Medical Humanities and Education, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Allergology, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Giien Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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16
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Qian L, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SM, Athari SS. Mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. J Investig Med 2022; 70:863-882. [PMID: 35168999 PMCID: PMC9016245 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems, cellular differentiation, growth, death, apoptosis, and autophagy as well as hypoxic stress responses in various diseases. Asthma is a chronic complicated airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling of airway. The asthma mortality and morbidity rates have increased worldwide, so understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma progression is necessary for new anti-asthma drug development. The lung is an oxygen-rich organ, and mitochondria, by sensing and processing O2, contribute to the generation of ROS and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Asthma pathophysiology has been tightly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP synthase activity, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis induction, and abnormal calcium homeostasis. Defects of the mitochondrial play an essential role in the pro-remodeling mechanisms of lung fibrosis and airway cells’ apoptosis. Identification of mitochondrial therapeutic targets can help repair mitochondrial biogenesis and dysfunction and reverse related pathological changes and lung structural remodeling in asthma. Therefore, we here overviewed the relationship between mitochondrial signaling pathways and asthma pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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17
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Liang Y, Chu PH, Tian L, Ho KF, Ip MSM, Mak JCW. Targeting mitochondrial permeability transition pore ameliorates PM 2.5-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in airway epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 295:118720. [PMID: 34953947 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter not larger than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) escalated the risk of respiratory diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a pivotal role in PM2.5-induced airway injury. However, the potential effect of PM2.5 on mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP)-related airway injury is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of mPTP in PM2.5-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in airway epithelial cells in vitro. PM2.5 significantly reduced cell viability and caused apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells. We also found PM2.5 caused cellular and mitochondrial morphological alterations, evidenced by the disappearance of mitochondrial cristae, mitochondrial swelling, and the rupture of the outer mitochondrial membrane. PM2.5 induced mPTP opening via upregulation of voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC), leading to deprivation of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and intracellular calcium level. PM2.5 suppressed mitochondrial respiratory function by reducing basal and maximal respiration, and ATP production. The mPTP targeting compounds cyclosporin A [CsA; a potent inhibitor of cyclophilin D (CypD)] and VBIT-12 (a selective VDAC1 inhibitor) significantly inhibited PM2.5-induced mPTP opening and apoptosis, and preserved mitochondrial function by restoring mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing mitochondrial ROS generation and intracellular calcium content, and maintaining mitochondrial respiration function. Our data further demonstrated that PM2.5 caused reduction in nuclear expressions of PPARγ and PGC-1α, which were reversed in the presence of CsA. These findings suggest that mPTP might be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of PM2.5-induced airway injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Liang
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pak Hin Chu
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Linwei Tian
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mary Sau Man Ip
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Judith Choi Wo Mak
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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18
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Jiang ZY, Liu MZ, Fu ZH, Liao XC, Xu B, Shi LL, Li JQ, Guo GH. The expression profile of lung long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs in a mouse model of smoke inhalation injury. Bioengineered 2022; 13:4978-4990. [PMID: 35152840 PMCID: PMC8973775 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2037922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the potential expression of lung long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs during smoke inhalation injury (SII), using a SII mouse model that we created in our previous work. Microarray was used to investigate the lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles. A bioinformatics analysis was performed. Changes in the top 10 down-regulated and 10 up-regulated lncRNAs were validated using Quantitative Reverse Transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR). The acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model was successfully induced by smoke inhalation, as confirmed by the aberrantly modified cell numbers of red blood cells and neutrophils counts, increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, caspase-7, caspase-3, and decreased Bcl-2 content in lung tissues. When compared to the control mice, 577 lncRNAs and 517 mRNAs were found to be aberrantly expressed in the SII mice. According to the Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, the altered mRNAs were enriched in acute-phase response, oxidoreductase activity, oxidation-reduction process, glutathione metabolism, the wnt signaling pathway, and ferroptosis. A lncRNA-related competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, including 383 lncRNAs, 318 MicroRNAs (miRNAs), and 421 mRNAs specific to SII, was established. The changes in NONMMUT026843.2, NONMMUT065071.2, ENSMUST00000235858.1, NONMMUT131395.1, NONMMUT122516.1, NONMMUT057916.2, and NONMMUT013388.2 in the lung matched the microarray results. Our findings help to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of SII as well as new insights into potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Ying Jiang
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Zhuo Liu
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Hua Fu
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Cheng Liao
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Liang Shi
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Hua Guo
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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19
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Caldeira DDAF, Weiss DJ, Rocco PRM, Silva PL, Cruz FF. Mitochondria in Focus: From Function to Therapeutic Strategies in Chronic Lung Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:782074. [PMID: 34887870 PMCID: PMC8649841 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.782074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for cell metabolism, growth, and function. Mitochondria in lung cells have important roles in regulating surfactant production, mucociliary function, mucus secretion, senescence, immunologic defense, and regeneration. Disruption in mitochondrial physiology can be the central point in several pathophysiologic pathways of chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and asthma. In this review, we summarize how mitochondria morphology, dynamics, redox signaling, mitophagy, and interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum are involved in chronic lung diseases and highlight strategies focused on mitochondrial therapy (mito-therapy) that could be tested as a potential therapeutic target for lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayene de Assis Fernandes Caldeira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Patricia Rieken Macêdo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferreira Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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20
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Sharma A, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ali S, Syed MA. Mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in lung disorders. Life Sci 2021; 284:119876. [PMID: 34389405 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are biosynthetic, bioenergetic, and signaling organelles which are critical for physiological adaptations and cellular stress responses to the environment. Various endogenous and environmental stress affects critical processes in mitochondrial homeostasis such as oxidative phosphorylation, biogenesis, mitochondrial redox system which leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals. The state of function of the mitochondrion is particularly dependent on the dynamic balance between mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion and fission, and degradation of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy. Increasing evidence has suggested a prominent role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the onset and progression of various lung pathologies, ranging from acute to chronic disorders. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the emerging findings of multifaceted regulations of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in normal lung homeostasis as well as the prominence of mitochondrial dysfunction as a determining factor in different lung disorders such as lung cancer, COPD, IPF, ALI/ARDS, BPD, and asthma. The review will contribute to the existing understanding of critical molecular machinery regulating mitochondrial dynamic state during these pathological states. Furthermore, we have also highlighted various molecular checkpoints involved in mitochondrial dynamics, which may serve as hopeful therapeutic targets for the development of potential therapies for these lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Sharma
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shaniya Ahmad
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Multidisciplinary Centre for Advance Research and Studies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shakir Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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21
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New Insights into YES-Associated Protein Signaling Pathways in Hematological Malignancies: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081981. [PMID: 33924049 PMCID: PMC8073623 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary YES-associated protein (YAP) is a co-transcriptional activator that binds to transcriptional factors to increase the rate of transcription of a set of genes, and it can intervene in the onset and progression of different tumors. Most of the data in the literature refer to the effects of the YAP system in solid neoplasms. In this review, we analyze the possibility that YAP can also intervene in hematological neoplasms such as lymphomas, multiple myeloma, and acute and chronic leukemias, modifying the phenomena of cell proliferation and cell death. The possibilities of pharmacological intervention related to the YAP system in an attempt to use its modulation therapeutically are also discussed. Abstract The Hippo/YES-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway is a cell survival and proliferation-control system with its main activity that of regulating cell growth and organ volume. YAP operates as a transcriptional coactivator in regulating the onset, progression, and treatment response in numerous human tumors. Moreover, there is evidence suggesting the involvement of YAP in the control of the hematopoietic system, in physiological conditions rather than in hematological diseases. Nevertheless, several reports have proposed that the effects of YAP in tumor cells are cell-dependent and cell-type-determined, even if YAP usually interrelates with extracellular signaling to stimulate the onset and progression of tumors. In the present review, we report the most recent findings in the literature on the relationship between the YAP system and hematological neoplasms. Moreover, we evaluate the possible therapeutic use of the modulation of the YAP system in the treatment of malignancies. Given the effects of the YAP system in immunosurveillance, tumorigenesis, and chemoresistance, further studies on interactions between the YAP system and hematological malignancies will offer very relevant information for the targeting of these diseases employing YAP modifiers alone or in combination with chemotherapy drugs.
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22
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Ran Z, An Y, Zhou J, Yang J, Zhang Y, Yang J, Wang L, Li X, Lu D, Zhong J, Song H, Qin X, Li R. Subchronic exposure to concentrated ambient PM2.5 perturbs gut and lung microbiota as well as metabolic profiles in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:115987. [PMID: 33213950 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient fine particular matter (PM2.5) are linked to an increased risk of metabolic disorders, leading to enhanced rate of many diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cardiovascular diseases, and pulmonary diseases; nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, BALB/c mice were exposed to filtered air (FA) or concentrated ambient PM2.5 (CPM) for 2 months using a versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system(VACES). We found subchronic CPM exposure caused significant lung and intestinal damage, as well as systemic inflammatory reactions. In addition, serum and BALFs (bronchoalveolar lavage fluids) metabolites involved in many metabolic pathways in the CPM exposed mice were markedly disrupted upon PM2.5 exposure. Five metabolites (glutamate, glutamine, formate, pyruvate and lactate) with excellent discriminatory power (AUC = 1, p < 0.001) were identified to predict PM2.5 exposure related toxicities. Furthermore, subchronic exposure to CPM not only significantly decreased the richness and composition of the gut microbiota, but also the lung microbiota. Strong associations were found between several gut and lung bacterial flora changes and systemic metabolic abnormalities. Our study showed exposure to ambient PM2.5 not only caused dysbiosis in the gut and lung, but also significant systemic and local metabolic alterations. Alterations in gut and lung microbiota were strongly correlated with metabolic abnormalities. Our study suggests potential roles of gut and lung microbiota in PM2.5 caused metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ran
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, 201318, Shanghai, China; Inspection and Quarantine Department, The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 279 Zhouzhu Road, 201318, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanpeng An
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingmin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health of National Health and Family Planning Commission (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning, Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing, 400020, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jingcheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health of National Health and Family Planning Commission (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning, Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing, 400020, China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Huaidong Song
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostic & Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xingjun Qin
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial - Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Rui Li
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostic & Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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23
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Yu X, Sun Y, Cai Q, Zhao X, Liu Z, Xue X, Fu J. Hyperoxia exposure arrests alveolarization in neonatal rats via PTEN‑induced putative kinase 1‑Parkin and Nip3‑like protein X‑mediated mitophagy disorders. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:2126-2136. [PMID: 33125104 PMCID: PMC7595656 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), also known as chronic lung disease, is one of the most common respiratory diseases in premature new‑born humans. Mitochondria are not only the main source of reactive oxygen species but are also critical for the maintenance of homeostasis and a wide range of biological activities, such as producing energy, buffering cytosolic calcium and regulating signal transduction. However, as a critical quality control method for mitochondria, little is known about the role of mitophagy in BPD. The present study assessed mitochondrial function in hyperoxia‑exposed alveolar type II (AT‑II) cells of rats during lung development. New‑born Sprague‑Dawley rats were divided into hyperoxia (85% oxygen) and control (21% oxygen) groups. Histopathological and morphological properties of the lung tissues were assessed at postnatal days 1, 3, 7 and 14. Ultrastructural mitochondrial alteration was observed using transmission electron microscopy and the expression of the mitophagy proteins putative kinase (PINK)1, Parkin and Nip3‑like protein X (NIX) in the lung tissues was evaluated using western blotting. Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the co‑localisation of PINK1 and Parkin. Real‑time analyses of extracellular acidification rate and oxygen consumption rate were performed using primary AT‑II cells to evaluate metabolic changes. Mitochondria in hyperoxia‑exposed rat AT‑II cells began to show abnormal morphological and physiological features. These changes were accompanied by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased expression levels of PINK1‑Parkin and NIX. Increased binding between a mitochondria marker (cytochrome C oxidase subunit IV isoform I) and an autophagy marker (microtubule‑associated protein‑1 light chain‑3B) was observed in primary AT‑II cells and was accompanied by decreased mitochondrial metabolic capacity in model rats. Thus, mitophagy mediated by PINK1, Parkin and NIX in AT‑II cells occurred in hyperoxia‑exposed new‑born rats. These findings suggested that the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria may be a key factor in the pathogenesis of BPD and result in attenuated alveolar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Ziyun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xindong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Fu ZJ, Wang ZY, Xu L, Chen XH, Li XX, Liao WT, Ma HK, Jiang MD, Xu TT, Xu J, Shen Y, Song B, Gao PJ, Han WQ, Zhang W. HIF-1α-BNIP3-mediated mitophagy in tubular cells protects against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101671. [PMID: 32829253 PMCID: PMC7452120 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we hypothesized that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)-mediated mitophagy plays a protective role in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Mitophagy was evaluated by measuring the changes of mitophagy flux, mitochondria DNA copy number, and the changes of mitophagy-related proteins including translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20), cytochrome c oxidase IV (COX IV), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B), and mitochondria adaptor nucleoporin p62 in HK2 cells, a human tubular cell line. Results show that HIF-1α knockout significantly attenuated hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced mitophagy, aggravated H/R-induced apoptosis, and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Similarly, H/R induced significantly increase in Bcl-2 19-kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), a downstream regulator of HIF-1α. Notably, BNIP3 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of HIF-1α knockout on H/R-induced mitophagy, and prevented the enhancing effect of HIF-1α knockout on H/R-induced apoptosis and ROS production. For in vivo study, we established HIF-1αflox/flox; cadherin-16-cre mice in which tubular HIF-1α was specifically knockout. It was found that tubular HIF-1α knockout significantly inhibited I/R-induced mitophagy, and aggravated I/R-induced tubular apoptosis and kidney damage. In contrast, adenovirus-mediated BNIP3 overexpression significantly reversed the decreased mitophagy, and prevented enhanced kidney damage in tubular HIF-1α knockout mice with I/R injury. In summary, our study demonstrated that HIF-1α-BNIP3-mediated mitophagy in tubular cells plays a protective role through inhibition of apoptosis and ROS production in acute kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Jie Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai China, 200032, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Lian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Xiang-Xiao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Wei-Tang Liao
- Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Hong-Kun Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Meng-Di Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Yan Shen
- Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Bei Song
- Department of General Practice, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Wei-Qing Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
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Ma R, Ortiz Serrano TP, Davis J, Prigge AD, Ridge KM. The cGAS-STING pathway: The role of self-DNA sensing in inflammatory lung disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:13156-13170. [PMID: 32860267 PMCID: PMC8121456 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001607r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The presence of DNA in the cytosol is usually a sign of microbial infections, which alerts the host innate immune system to mount a defense response. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a critical cytosolic DNA sensor that elicits robust innate immune responses through the production of the second messenger, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which binds and activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING). However, cGAS binds to DNA irrespective of DNA sequence, therefore, self-DNA leaked from the nucleus or mitochondria can also serve as a cGAS ligand to activate this pathway and trigger extensive inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of the cGAS-STING pathway is responsible for a broad array of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recently, evidence has shown that self-DNA release and cGAS-STING pathway over-activation can drive lung disease, making this pathway a promising therapeutic target for inflammatory lung disease. Here, we review recent advances on the cGAS-STING pathway governing self-DNA sensing, highlighting its role in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tatiana P Ortiz Serrano
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew D Prigge
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen M Ridge
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Liu JX, Yang C, Liu ZJ, Su HY, Zhang WH, Pan Q, Liu HF. Protection of procyanidin B2 on mitochondrial dynamics in sepsis associated acute kidney injury via promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15638-15655. [PMID: 32805725 PMCID: PMC7467384 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In septic acute kidney injury (SAKI), the positive feedback between damaged mitochondria and accumulation of reactive oxygen species results in cell and tissue damage through multiple mechanisms. Removing the damaged mitochondria or neutralizing the reactive oxygen species has been considered beneficial to alleviating cell damage. The antioxidant Procyanidin B2 has been reported to inhibits reactive oxygen species and thereby reduces cell injury. However, it is unclear whether this effect is associated with clearance of damaged mitochondria. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of procyanidin B2 on SAKI, and focused on its effects on mitochondrial dynamics and removing damaged mitochondria via mitophagy. The results showed that the renal function, renal tubular cell vacuolization and oxidative stress were decreased in SAKI mice treated with procyanidin B2, moreover, skewed mitochondrial fusion/fission, mitochondrial mediated apoptosis and impaired mitophagy were improved in SAKI mice treated with procyanidin B2. In mechanism, the improvement of procyanidin B2 on mitochondrial dynamics were associated with increased nuclear translocation of the transcription factor, Nrf2. In summary, our findings highlighted that the protective efficacy of procyanidin B2 in reducing cellular damage in SAKI, and mechanisms improving mitochondrial dynamics and quality control at least in part by promoting Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-Jian Liu
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Yong Su
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Huang Zhang
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, China
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Barnes PJ. Oxidative stress-based therapeutics in COPD. Redox Biol 2020; 33:101544. [PMID: 32336666 PMCID: PMC7251237 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major driving mechanism in the pathogenesis of COPD. There is increased oxidative stress in the lungs of COPD patients due to exogenous oxidants in cigarette smoke and air pollution and due to endogenous generation of reactive oxygen species by inflammatory and structural cells in the lung. Mitochondrial oxidative stress may be particularly important in COPD. There is also a reduction in antioxidant defences, with inactivation of several antioxidant enzymes and the transcription factors Nrf2 and FOXO that regulate multiple antioxidant genes. Increased systemic oxidative stress may exacerbate comorbidities and contribute to skeletal muscle weakness. Oxidative stress amplifies chronic inflammation, stimulates fibrosis and emphysema, causes corticosteroid resistance, accelerates lung aging, causes DNA damage and stimulates formation of autoantibodies. This suggests that treating oxidative stress by antioxidants or enhancing endogenous antioxidants should be an effective strategy to treat the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of COPD. Most clinical studies in COPD have been conducted using glutathione-generating antioxidants such as N-acetylcysteine, carbocysteine and erdosteine, which reduce exacerbations in COPD patients, but it is not certain whether this is due to their antioxidant or mucolytic properties. Dietary antioxidants have so far not shown to be clinically effective in COPD. There is a search for more effective antioxidants, which include superoxide dismutase mimetics, NADPH oxidase inhibitors, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and Nrf2 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, SW3 6LY, London, UK.
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29
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Fan S, Price T, Huang W, Plue M, Warren J, Sundaramoorthy P, Paul B, Feinberg D, MacIver N, Chao N, Sipkins D, Kang Y. PINK1-Dependent Mitophagy Regulates the Migration and Homing of Multiple Myeloma Cells via the MOB1B-Mediated Hippo-YAP/TAZ Pathway. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1900860. [PMID: 32154065 PMCID: PMC7055555 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The roles of mitochondrial dysfunction in carcinogenesis remain largely unknown. The effects of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)-dependent mitophagy on the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM) are determined. The levels of the PINK1-dependent mitophagy markers PINK1 and parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PARK2) in CD138+ plasma cells are reduced in patients with MM and correlate with clinical outcomes in myeloma patients. Moreover, the induction of PINK1-dependent mitophagy with carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) or salinomycin, or overexpression of PINK1 leads to inhibition of transwell migration, suppression of myeloma cell homing to calvarium, and decreased osteolytic bone lesions. Furthermore, genetic deletion of pink1 accelerates myeloma development in a spontaneous X-box binding protein-1 spliced isoform (XBP-1s) transgenic myeloma mouse model and in VK*MYC transplantable myeloma recipient mice. Additionally, treatment with salinomycin shows significant antimyeloma activities in vivo in murine myeloma xenograft models. Finally, the effects of PINK1-dependent mitophagy on myeloma pathogenesis are driven by the activation of the Mps one binder kinase activator (MOB1B)-mediated Hippo pathway and the subsequent downregulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) expression. These data provide direct evidence that PINK1-dependent mitophagy plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of MM and is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Fan
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Trevor Price
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Michelle Plue
- Shared Materials Instrumentation FacilityPratt School of EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | | | - Pasupathi Sundaramoorthy
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Barry Paul
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Daniel Feinberg
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | | | - Nelson Chao
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Dorothy Sipkins
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Yubin Kang
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular TherapyDepartment of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
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Veith C, Boots AW, Idris M, van Schooten FJ, van der Vliet A. Redox Imbalance in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Role for Oxidant Cross-Talk Between NADPH Oxidase Enzymes and Mitochondria. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:1092-1115. [PMID: 30793932 PMCID: PMC6767863 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive age-related lung disease with a median survival of only 3 years after diagnosis. The pathogenic mechanisms behind IPF are not clearly understood, and current therapeutic approaches have not been successful in improving disease outcomes. Recent Advances: IPF is characterized by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), primarily by NADPH oxidases (NOXes) and mitochondria, as well as altered antioxidant defenses. Recent studies have identified the NOX isoform NOX4 as a key player in various important aspects of IPF pathology. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to enhance pathological features of IPF, in part by increasing mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production and altering cellular metabolism. Recent findings indicate reciprocal interactions between NOX enzymes and mitochondria, which affect regulation of NOX activity as well as mitochondrial function and mtROS production, and collectively promote epithelial injury and profibrotic signaling. Critical Issues and Future Directions: The precise molecular mechanisms by which ROS from NOX or mitochondria contribute to IPF pathology are not known. This review summarizes the current knowledge with respect to the various aspects of ROS imbalance in the context of IPF and its proposed roles in disease development, with specific emphasis on the importance of inappropriate NOX activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the emerging evidence of NOX-mitochondria cross-talk as important drivers in IPF pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Veith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition, Translational Research and Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Agnes W. Boots
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition, Translational Research and Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Musa Idris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition, Translational Research and Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik-Jan van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition, Translational Research and Metabolism, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Albert van der Vliet, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, HSRF 216, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405
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Cho HY, Kleeberger SR. Mitochondrial biology in airway pathogenesis and the role of NRF2. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 43:297-320. [PMID: 31486024 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A constant improvement in understanding of mitochondrial biology has provided new insights into mitochondrial dysfunction in human disease pathogenesis. Impaired mitochondrial dynamics caused by various stressors are characterized by structural abnormalities and leakage, compromised turnover, and reactive oxygen species overproduction in mitochondria as well as increased mitochondrial DNA mutation frequency, which leads to modified energy production and mitochondria-derived cell signaling. The mitochondrial dysfunction in airway epithelial, smooth muscle, and endothelial cells has been implicated in diseases including chronic obstructive lung diseases and acute lung injury. Increasing evidence indicates that the NRF2-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway not only enhances redox defense but also facilitates mitochondrial homeostasis and bioenergetics. Identification of functional or potential AREs further supports the role for Nrf2 in mitochondrial dysfunction-associated airway disorders. While clinical reports indicate mixed efficacy, NRF2 agonists acting on respiratory mitochondrial dynamics are potentially beneficial. In lung cancer, growth advantage provided by sustained NRF2 activation is suggested to be through increased cellular antioxidant defense as well as mitochondria reinforcement and metabolic reprogramming to the preferred pathways to meet the increased energy demands of uncontrolled cell proliferation. Further studies are warranted to better understand NRF2 regulation of mitochondrial functions as therapeutic targets in airway disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Youn Cho
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Steven R Kleeberger
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
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32
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Wei H, Zhang Y, Song S, Pinkerton KE, Geng H, Ro CU. Alveolar macrophage reaction to PM 2.5 of hazy day in vitro: Evaluation methods and mitochondrial screening to determine mechanisms of biological effect. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 174:566-573. [PMID: 30870657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hazy weather in China has recently become a major public health concern due to high levels of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs). In this study, the mass concentration of PAHs in hazy PM2.5 in urban Taiyuan city, China was determined and toxicities of different dosage of the hazy PM2.5 on rat alveolar macrophages (AMs) were examined. It was found that the hazy PM2.5, bounded with many species of PAHs (CHR, BbF, BaP, BaA, and etc.), significantly increased cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) content followed by the decreasing in superoxide (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in AMs. They induced mitochondrial changes in ultrastructure as evidenced by mitochondrial swelling and cristae disorganization, and a dose-dependent decrease in mitochondrial profile density. Also, the mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial fusion-related genes were modified. The Mfn1 and Mfn2 which are essential for mitochondrial fusion increased significantly in hazy PM2.5-treated group compared to the control in a dose-dependent manner, OPA1 was significantly increased at the highest PM2.5 dose delivered. These findings suggested that exposure to hazy PM2.5 could activate oxidative stress pathways in AMs, resulting in abnormal mitochondrial morphology and fusion/fission frequency. Possibly, the toxic effects were mostly attributed to the high burden of varied PAHs in hazy PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wei
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Shanjuan Song
- Shanxi Academy of Environmental Research, Taiyuan 030027, Shanxi, China
| | - Kent E Pinkerton
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hong Geng
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Chul-Un Ro
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 402751, Republic of Korea
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Ning X, Ji X, Li G, Sang N. Ambient PM 2.5 causes lung injuries and coupled energy metabolic disorder. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 170:620-626. [PMID: 30579162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a challenge to public health worldwide. Although increasing numbers of recent epidemiological studies have emphasized the critical role of PM2.5 in promoting respiratory diseases, the precise mechanism behind PM2.5-mediated lung obstruction remains obscure. In the present study, we analyzed lung structure and function and further investigated mitochondrial morphology and transcription-modulated energy metabolism in mice following PM2.5 aspiration. The results showed that PM2.5 exposure reduced pulmonary function and induced severe pathological alterations, including alveolar endothelial disruption and airway obstruction. Based on ultrastructural observations, we also found mitochondrial vacuolation and mitochondrial membrane rupture in alveolar type II epithelial cells. Importantly, the abnormality of mitochondrial structure was coupled with energy metabolism disorders, as evidenced by the decrease in ATP levels, the accumulation of pyruvate and lactate content, and the altered transcription of related genes. Moreover, the reduction in mitochondrial markers, including PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM, were involved in mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings suggest that energy metabolic disorders and mitochondrial dysfunction may be the important contributors to pulmonary injuries in response to PM2.5 exposure, indicating possible targets for protection and therapy in polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ning
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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Docherty CK, Nilsen M, MacLean MR. Influence of 2-Methoxyestradiol and Sex on Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1-α. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e011628. [PMID: 30819028 PMCID: PMC6474940 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Women are at greater risk of developing pulmonary arterial hypertension, with estrogen and its downstream metabolites playing a potential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1-α (HIF 1α) is a pro-proliferative mediator and may be involved in the development of human pulmonary arterial hypertension . The estrogen metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol (2 ME 2) has antiproliferative properties and is also an inhibitor of HIF 1α. Here, we examine sex differences in HIF 1α signaling in the rat and human pulmonary circulation and determine if 2 ME 2 can inhibit HIF 1α in vivo and in vitro. Methods and Results HIF 1α signaling was assessed in male and female distal human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells ( hPASMC s), and the effects of 2 ME 2 were also studied in female hPASMC s. The in vivo effects of 2 ME 2 in the chronic hypoxic rat (male and female) model of pulmonary hypertension were also determined. Basal HIF 1α protein expression was higher in female hPASMC s compared with male. Both factor-inhibiting HIF and prolyl hydroxylase-2 (hydroxylates HIF leading to proteosomal degradation) protein levels were significantly lower in female hPASMC s when compared with males. In vivo, 2 ME 2 ablated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in male and female rats while decreasing protein expression of HIF 1α. 2 ME 2 reduced proliferation in hPASMC s and reduced basal protein expression of HIF 1α. Furthermore, 2 ME 2 caused apoptosis and significant disruption to the microtubule network. Conclusions Higher basal HIF 1α in female hPASMC s may increase susceptibility to developing pulmonary arterial hypertension . These data also demonstrate that the antiproliferative and therapeutic effects of 2 ME 2 in pulmonary hypertension may involve inhibition of HIF 1α and/or microtubular disruption in PASMC s.
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MESH Headings
- 2-Methoxyestradiol/pharmacology
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytoskeleton/drug effects
- Cytoskeleton/metabolism
- Cytoskeleton/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Hypoxia/complications
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/drug therapy
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/etiology
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/metabolism
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Sex Factors
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Vascular Remodeling/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig K. Docherty
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical SciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Margaret Nilsen
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical SciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Margaret R. MacLean
- Research Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical SciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowUnited Kingdom
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are regarded as a diseases of accelerated lung ageing and show all of the hallmarks of ageing, including telomere shortening, cellular senescence, activation of PI3 kinase-mTOR signaling, impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, epigenetic changes, abnormal microRNA profiles, immunosenescence and a low grade chronic inflammation due to senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Many of these ageing mechanisms are driven by exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress. There is also a reduction in anti-ageing molecules, such as sirtuins and Klotho, which further accelerate the ageing process. Understanding these molecular mechanisms has identified several novel therapeutic targets and several drugs and dietary interventions are now in development to treat chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
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36
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Breitzig MT, Alleyn MD, Lockey RF, Kolliputi N. Thyroid hormone: a resurgent treatment for an emergent concern. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L945-L950. [PMID: 30260285 PMCID: PMC6337010 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00336.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The story of thyroid hormone in human physiology is one of mixed emotions. Studying past literature on its use leads one to believe that it serves only a few functions in a handful of diseases. In reality, the pathophysiological role of thyroid hormone is an uncharted expanse. Over the past few decades, research on thyroid hormone has been understandably monopolized by studies of hypo- and hyperthyroidism and cancers. However, in our focused pursuit, we have neglected to observe its role in systems that are not so easily relatable. Recent evidence in lung disease suggests that the thyroid hormone is capable of preserving mitochondria in an indirect manner. This is an exciting revelation given the profound implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in several lung diseases. When paired with known links between thyroid hormone and fibrotic pathways, thyroid hormone-based therapies become more enticing for research. In this article, we inspect the sudden awareness surrounding thyroid hormone and discuss why it is of paramount importance that further studies scrutinize the potential of thyroid hormone, and/or thyromimetics, as therapies for lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason T Breitzig
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
| | - Matthew D Alleyn
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
| | - Richard F Lockey
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, Florida
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37
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Seo M, Qiu W, Bailey W, Criner GJ, Dransfield MT, Fuhlbrigge AL, Reilly JJ, Scholand MB, Castaldi P, Chase R, Parker M, Saferali A, Yun JH, Crapo JD, Cho MH, Beaty TH, Silverman EK, Hersh CP. Genomics and response to long-term oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:1375-1385. [PMID: 30353303 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and long-term oxygen therapy has been shown to reduce mortality in COPD patients with severe hypoxemia. However, the Long-term Oxygen Treatment Trial (LOTT), a large randomized trial, found no benefit of oxygen therapy in COPD patients with moderate hypoxemia. We hypothesized that there may be differences in response to oxygen which depend on genotype or gene expression. In a genome-wide time-to-event analysis of the primary outcome of death or hospitalization in 331 subjects, 97 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed evidence of interaction with oxygen therapy at P < 1e-5, including 7 SNPs near arylsulfatase B (ARSB; P = 6e-6). In microarray expression profiling on 51 whole blood samples from 37 individuals, at screening and/or at 12-month follow-up, ARSB expression was associated with the primary outcome depending on oxygen treatment. The significant SNPs were conditional expression quantitative trait loci for ARSB expression. In a network analysis of genes affected by long-term oxygen, two observed clusters including 26 co-expressed genes were enriched in mitochondrial function. Using data from the observational COPDGene Study, we validated the expression of 25 of these 26 genes, plus ARSB. The effect of long-term oxygen therapy in COPD varied based on ARSB expression and genotype. ARSB has previously been shown to be associated with hypoxemia in human bronchial and colonic epithelial cells and in a mouse model. In peripheral blood, long-term oxygen treatment affected expression of mitochondrial-related genes, a biologically relevant pathway in COPD. SNPs and expression of ARSB are associated with response to long-term oxygen in COPD. The ARSB SNPs were expression quantitative trait loci depending on oxygen therapy. Genes differentially expressed by long-term oxygen were enriched in mitochondrial functions. This suggests a potential biomarker to personalize use of long-term oxygen in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Seo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weiliang Qiu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William Bailey
- Lung Health Center, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gerard J Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark T Dransfield
- Lung Health Center, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - John J Reilly
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Mary Beth Scholand
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Peter Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Chase
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Margaret Parker
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aabida Saferali
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeong H Yun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James D Crapo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Terri H Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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38
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Shrestha AK, Gopal VYN, Menon RT, Hagan JL, Huang S, Shivanna B. Lung omics signatures in a bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension-like murine model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L734-L741. [PMID: 30047283 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00183.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common chronic lung disease in infants, is associated with long-term morbidities, including pulmonary hypertension (PH). Importantly, hyperoxia causes BPD and PH; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we performed high-throughput transcriptomic and proteomic studies using a clinically relevant murine model of BPD with PH. Neonatal wild-type C57BL6J mice were exposed to 21% oxygen (normoxia) or 70% oxygen (hyperoxia) during postnatal days (PNDs) 1-7. Lung tissues were collected for proteomic and genomic analyses on PND 7, and selected genes and proteins were validated by real-time quantitative PCR and immunoblotting analysis, respectively. Hyperoxia exposure dysregulated the expression of 344 genes and 21 proteins. Interestingly, hyperoxia downregulated genes involved in neuronal development and maturation in lung tissues. Gene set enrichment and gene ontology analyses identified apoptosis, oxidoreductase activity, plasma membrane integrity, organ development, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and mitophagy as the predominant processes affected by hyperoxia. Furthermore, selected deregulated proteins strongly correlated with the expression of specific genes. Collectively, our results identified several potential therapeutic targets for hyperoxia-mediated BPD and PH in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Kumar Shrestha
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Vashisht Y N Gopal
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology and Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Renuka T Menon
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph L Hagan
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Shixia Huang
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
| | - Binoy Shivanna
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas
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39
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Yew WW, Yoshiyama T, Leung CC, Chan DP. Epidemiological, clinical and mechanistic perspectives of tuberculosis in older people. Respirology 2018; 23:567-575. [PMID: 29607596 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the ageing population globally, tuberculosis (TB) in older people becomes a major clinical and public health challenge. In many Asian countries, especially those located in the eastern and southeastern parts of the continent, geriatric TB is a significant problem. TB in the older patients is more difficult to diagnose in the early course of disease, and has poorer treatment outcomes, largely as increased failure and death. More drug-induced adverse reactions are also experienced by this population during TB therapy. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are now well recognized to be associated with the ageing process, and it is likely that the cellular and molecular perturbations interact inextricably with the immunological dysfunction biophysiologically inherent to ageing. These underlying mechanistic bases putatively contribute to the development of TB in the geriatric population and worsen the disease outcomes, especially when the TB is compounded by co-morbid conditions such as smoking and diabetes mellitus. Unravelling these mechanisms further would yield knowledge that might potentially help to prevent reactivated TB in older people, and also to better manage the established disease with drug regimens and other new therapeutic strategies. In addition, addressing the social elements associated with geriatric TB is also imperative in the relief of individual patient suffering and improvement of overall disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing W Yew
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Takashi Yoshiyama
- Japan Anti Tuberculosis Association, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Fukujuji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi C Leung
- Department of Health, Tuberculosis and Chest Service, Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong
| | - Denise P Chan
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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40
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Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Morsiani C, Conte M, Santoro A, Grignolio A, Monti D, Capri M, Salvioli S. The Continuum of Aging and Age-Related Diseases: Common Mechanisms but Different Rates. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:61. [PMID: 29662881 PMCID: PMC5890129 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Geroscience, the new interdisciplinary field that aims to understand the relationship between aging and chronic age-related diseases (ARDs) and geriatric syndromes (GSs), is based on epidemiological evidence and experimental data that aging is the major risk factor for such pathologies and assumes that aging and ARDs/GSs share a common set of basic biological mechanisms. A consequence is that the primary target of medicine is to combat aging instead of any single ARD/GSs one by one, as favored by the fragmentation into hundreds of specialties and sub-specialties. If the same molecular and cellular mechanisms underpin both aging and ARDs/GSs, a major question emerges: which is the difference, if any, between aging and ARDs/GSs? The hypothesis that ARDs and GSs such as frailty can be conceptualized as accelerated aging will be discussed by analyzing in particular frailty, sarcopenia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson as well as Down syndrome as an example of progeroid syndrome. According to this integrated view, aging and ARDs/GSs become part of a continuum where precise boundaries do not exist and the two extremes are represented by centenarians, who largely avoided or postponed most ARDs/GSs and are characterized by decelerated aging, and patients who suffered one or more severe ARDs in their 60s, 70s, and 80s and show signs of accelerated aging, respectively. In between these two extremes, there is a continuum of intermediate trajectories representing a sort of gray area. Thus, clinically different, classical ARDs/GSs are, indeed, the result of peculiar combinations of alterations regarding the same, limited set of basic mechanisms shared with the aging process. Whether an individual will follow a trajectory of accelerated or decelerated aging will depend on his/her genetic background interacting lifelong with environmental and lifestyle factors. If ARDs and GSs are manifestations of accelerated aging, it is urgent to identify markers capable of distinguishing between biological and chronological age to identify subjects at higher risk of developing ARDs and GSs. To this aim, we propose the use of DNA methylation, N-glycans profiling, and gut microbiota composition to complement the available disease-specific markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA), S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.,CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Morsiani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Grignolio
- Unit and Museum of History of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Foncerrada G, Culnan DM, Capek KD, González-Trejo S, Cambiaso-Daniel J, Woodson LC, Herndon DN, Finnerty CC, Lee JO. Inhalation Injury in the Burned Patient. Ann Plast Surg 2018; 80:S98-S105. [PMID: 29461292 PMCID: PMC5825291 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation injury causes a heterogeneous cascade of insults that increase morbidity and mortality among the burn population. Despite major advancements in burn care for the past several decades, there remains a significant burden of disease attributable to inhalation injury. For this reason, effort has been devoted to finding new therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes for patients who sustain inhalation injuries.The three major injury classes are the following: supraglottic, subglottic, and systemic. Treatment options for these three subtypes differ based on the pathophysiologic changes that each one elicits.Currently, no consensus exists for diagnosis or grading of the injury, and there are large variations in treatment worldwide, ranging from observation and conservative management to advanced therapies with nebulization of different pharmacologic agents.The main pathophysiologic change after a subglottic inhalation injury is an increase in the bronchial blood flow. An induced mucosal hyperemia leads to edema, increases mucus secretion and plasma transudation into the airways, disables the mucociliary escalator, and inactivates hypoxic vasocontriction. Collectively, these insults potentiate airway obstruction with casts formed from epithelial debris, fibrin clots, and inspissated mucus, resulting in impaired ventilation. Prompt bronchoscopic diagnosis and multimodal treatment improve outcomes. Despite the lack of globally accepted standard treatments, data exist to support the use of bronchoscopy and suctioning to remove debris, nebulized heparin for fibrin casts, nebulized N-acetylcysteine for mucus casts, and bronchodilators.Systemic effects of inhalation injury occur both indirectly from hypoxia or hypercapnia resulting from loss of pulmonary function and systemic effects of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as directly from metabolic poisons such as carbon monoxide and cyanide. Both present with nonspecific clinical symptoms including cardiovascular collapse. Carbon monoxide intoxication should be treated with oxygen and cyanide with hydroxocobalamin.Inhalation injury remains a great challenge for clinicians and an area of opportunity for scientists. Management of this concomitant injury lags behind other aspects of burn care. More clinical research is required to improve the outcome of inhalation injury.The goal of this review is to comprehensively summarize the diagnoses, treatment options, and current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Foncerrada
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Derek M. Culnan
- JMS Burn and Reconstructive Center at Merit Health Central, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Karel D. Capek
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Sagrario González-Trejo
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Janos Cambiaso-Daniel
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Lee C. Woodson
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - David N. Herndon
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Celeste C. Finnerty
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jong O. Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
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42
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Reactive Oxygen Species in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5730395. [PMID: 29599897 PMCID: PMC5828402 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5730395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Environmental exposure, primarily cigarette smoking, can cause high oxidative stress and is the main factor of COPD development. Cigarette smoke also contributes to the imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant due to exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, endogenously released ROS during the inflammatory process and mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to this disease progression. ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can oxidize different biomolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids leading to epithelial cell injury and death. Various detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant defense systems can be involved in ROS removal. In this review, we summarize the main findings regarding the biological role of ROS, which may contribute to COPD development, and cytoprotective mechanisms against this disease progression.
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43
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Kyung SY, Kim YJ, Son ES, Jeong SH, Park JW. The Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor Roflumilast Protects against Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced Mitophagy-Dependent Cell Death in Epithelial Cells. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2018; 81:138-147. [PMID: 29589382 PMCID: PMC5874143 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2017.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies show that mitophagy, the autophagy-dependent turnover of mitochondria, mediates pulmonary epithelial cell death in response to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure and contributes to the development of emphysema in vivo during chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated the role of mitophagy in the regulation of CSE-exposed lung bronchial epithelial cell (Beas-2B) death. We also investigated the role of a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, roflumilast, in CSE-induced mitophagy-dependent cell death. Results Our results demonstrated that CSE induces mitophagy in Beas-2B cells through mitochondrial dysfunction and increased the expression levels of the mitophagy regulator protein, PTEN-induced putative kinase-1 (PINK1), and the mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-1-like protein (DRP1). CSE-induced epithelial cell death was significantly increased in Beas-2B cells exposed to CSE but was decreased by small interfering RNA-dependent knockdown of DRP1. Treatment with roflumilast in Beas-2B cells inhibited CSE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy by inhibiting the expression of phospho-DRP1 and -PINK1. Roflumilast protected against cell death and increased cell viability, as determined by the lactate dehydrogenase release test and the MTT assay, respectively, in Beas-2B cells exposed to CSE. Conclusion These findings suggest that roflumilast plays a protective role in CS-induced mitophagy-dependent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Kyung
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Eun Suk Son
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea.,Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.,Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jeong Woong Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.,Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.
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44
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Li X, Jiang M, Lam JWY, Tang BZ, Qu JY. Mitochondrial Imaging with Combined Fluorescence and Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy Using a Probe of the Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristic. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17022-17030. [PMID: 29111701 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In vivo quantitative measurement of biodistribution plays a critical role in the drug/probe development and diagnosis/treatment process monitoring. In this work, we report a probe, named AIE-SRS-Mito, for imaging mitochondria in live cells via fluorescence (FL) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) imaging. The probe features an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic and possesses an enhanced alkyne Raman peak at 2223 cm-1. The dual-mode imaging of AIE-SRS-Mito for selective mitochondrion-targeting was examined on a homemade FL-SRS microscope system. The detection limit of the probe in the SRS imaging was estimated to be 8.5 μM. Due to the linear concentration dependence of SRS and inertness of the alkyne Raman signal to environmental changes, the intracellular distribution of the probe was studied, showing a local concentration of >2.0 mM in the mitochondria matrix, which was >100-fold higher than the incubation concentration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the local concentration of AIE molecules inside cells has been measured noninvasively and directly. Also, the nonquenching effect of such AIE molecules in cell imaging has been verified by the positive correlation of FL and SRS signals. Our work will encourage the utilization of SRS microscopy for quantitative characterization of FL probes or other nonfluorescent compounds in living biological systems and the development of FL-SRS dual-mode probes for specific biotargets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Li
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, ‡Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, School of Science, and Institute for Advanced Study, and §Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Meijuan Jiang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, ‡Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, School of Science, and Institute for Advanced Study, and §Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, ‡Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, School of Science, and Institute for Advanced Study, and §Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, ‡Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, School of Science, and Institute for Advanced Study, and §Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Jianan Y Qu
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, ‡Center of Systems Biology and Human Health, School of Science, and Institute for Advanced Study, and §Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
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45
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Abstract
The pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases is often complex and characterized by multiple cellular events, including inflammation, cell death, and cell proliferation. The mechanisms by which these events are regulated in pulmonary diseases remain poorly understood. Autophagy is an essential process for cellular homeostasis and stress adaptation in eukaryotic cells. This highly conserved cellular process involves the sequestration of cytoplasmic components in double-membrane autophagosomes, which are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. The critical roles of autophagy have been demonstrated in a wide range of pathophysiological conditions. Emerging studies have identified that autophagy plays important roles in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases. In addition, autophagy has been shown to selectively degrade subcellular targets, including proteins, organelles, and pathogens. Here, we highlight the recent advances in the molecular regulation and function of autophagy in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichi Nakahira
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Maria Angelica Pabon Porras
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Augustine M K Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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46
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Nam HS, Izumchenko E, Dasgupta S, Hoque MO. Mitochondria in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: where are we now? Biomark Med 2017; 11:475-489. [PMID: 28598223 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in mitochondrial biogenesis have provided the emerging recognition that mitochondria do much more than 'simply providing energy for cellular function'. Currently, a constantly improving understanding of the mitochondrial structure and function has been providing valuable insights into the contribution of defects in mitochondrial metabolism to various human diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. The growing interest in mitochondria research led to development of new biomedical fields in the two main smoking-related lung diseases. However, there is considerable paucity in our understanding of mechanisms by which mitochondrial dynamics regulate lung diseases. In this review, we will discuss our current knowledge on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and non-small-cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Seong Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.,Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Mohammad O Hoque
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.,Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude A. Piantadosi
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710;
| | - Hagir B. Suliman
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710;
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48
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is regarded as a disease of accelerated lung aging. This affliction shows all of the hallmarks of aging, including telomere shortening, cellular senescence, activation of PI3 kinase-mTOR signaling, impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, epigenetic changes, abnormal microRNA profiles, immunosenescence, and a low-grade chronic inflammation (inflammaging). Many of these pathways are driven by chronic exogenous and endogenous oxidative stress. There is also a reduction in antiaging molecules, such as sirtuins and Klotho, which further accelerate the aging process. COPD is associated with several comorbidities (multimorbidity), such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, that share the same pathways of accelerated aging. Understanding these mechanisms has helped identify several novel therapeutic targets, and several drugs and dietary interventions are now in development to treat multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom
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49
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Sebag SC, Koval OM, Paschke JD, Winters CJ, Jaffer OA, Dworski R, Sutterwala FS, Anderson ME, Grumbach IM. Mitochondrial CaMKII inhibition in airway epithelium protects against allergic asthma. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e88297. [PMID: 28194433 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive ROS promote allergic asthma, a condition characterized by airway inflammation, eosinophilic inflammation, and increased airway hyperreactivity (AHR). The mechanisms by which airway ROS are increased and the relationship between increased airway ROS and disease phenotypes are incompletely defined. Mitochondria are an important source of cellular ROS production, and our group discovered that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is present in mitochondria and activated by oxidation. Furthermore, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant therapy reduced the severity of allergic asthma in a mouse model. Based on these findings, we developed a mouse model of CaMKII inhibition targeted to mitochondria in airway epithelium. We challenged these mice with OVA or Aspergillus fumigatus. Mitochondrial CaMKII inhibition abrogated AHR, inflammation, and eosinophilia following OVA and A. fumigatus challenge. Mitochondrial ROS were decreased after agonist stimulation in the presence of mitochondrial CaMKII inhibition. This correlated with blunted induction of NF-κB, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and eosinophilia in transgenic mice. These findings demonstrate a pivotal role for mitochondrial CaMKII in airway epithelium in mitochondrial ROS generation, eosinophilic inflammation, and AHR, providing insights into how mitochondrial ROS mediate features of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Sebag
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Olha M Koval
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - John D Paschke
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Omar A Jaffer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ryszard Dworski
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Fayyaz S Sutterwala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Inflammation Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark E Anderson
- Department of Medicine and.,Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Isabella M Grumbach
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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50
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Is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease an Accelerated Aging Disease? Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016; 13 Suppl 5:S429-S437. [DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201602-124aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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