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Ortiz-Guzmán JE, Mollà-Casanova S, Serra-Añó P, Arias-Mutis ÓJ, Calvo C, Bizy A, Alberola A, Chorro FJ, Zarzoso M. Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6051. [PMID: 37762990 PMCID: PMC10532399 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12186051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to determine the differences in short-term heart rate variability (HRV) between patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and healthy controls. METHODS We searched electronic databases for primary works with short-term HRV recordings (≤30 min) that made comparisons between individuals with MS versus healthy controls. This systematic review and meta-analysis (MA) was performed according to PRISMA guidelines and registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022358975). RESULTS Twenty-eight articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and nineteen met the criteria for the MA. Patients with MS showed decreased SDNN (-0.36 [-0.44, -0.28], p < 0.001), rMSSD (-7.59 [-9.98, -5.19], p < 0.001), HF (-0.36 [-0.51, -0.20], p < 0.00001) and LF (-0.24 [-0.38, -0.1], p = 0.001). In subsequent subanalyses, we found a decrease in SDNN (-0.99 (-1.45, -0.52], p < 0.001), rMSSD (-10.18 [-16.85, -3.52], p < 0.01) and HF (-1.04 [-1.97, -0.1] p < 0.05) in women. In men, only LF showed a significant lower value (-0.26 [-0.5, -0.02], p < 0.05). We could not perform MA for non-linear variables. CONCLUSIONS Patients with MS showed changes in time-domain analyses, with lower values in SDNN and rMSSD. Regarding frequency-domain analyses, MS patients showed a decrease in HF and LF When sex was used as a grouping variable, the MA was only possible in one of both sexes (men or women) in rMSSD and LF/HF. Lastly, when data for both men and women were available, subanalyses showed a different behavior compared to mixed analyses for SDNN, HF and LF, which might point towards a different impact of MS in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan E. Ortiz-Guzmán
- Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.E.O.-G.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Sara Mollà-Casanova
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat de València, Street Gascó Oliag 5, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.-C.); (P.S.-A.)
- UBIC Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat de València, Street Gascó Oliag 5, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Serra-Añó
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat de València, Street Gascó Oliag 5, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.-C.); (P.S.-A.)
- UBIC Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat de València, Street Gascó Oliag 5, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Óscar J. Arias-Mutis
- CEU Cardenal Herrera, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Street Lluís Vives 1, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (Ó.J.A.-M.); (A.B.)
- Health Research Institute—Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA) Valencia, Street Menéndez y Pelayo 4, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV) Madrid, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3–5, Pavilion 11, Floor 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Conrado Calvo
- Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.E.O.-G.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
- CSIC-UPV, Instrumentation for Molecular Imaging Technologies Research Institute (I3M), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alexandra Bizy
- CEU Cardenal Herrera, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Street Lluís Vives 1, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (Ó.J.A.-M.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Alberola
- Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.E.O.-G.); (C.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Francisco J. Chorro
- Health Research Institute—Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA) Valencia, Street Menéndez y Pelayo 4, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV) Madrid, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3–5, Pavilion 11, Floor 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Zarzoso
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat de València, Street Gascó Oliag 5, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.-C.); (P.S.-A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV) Madrid, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3–5, Pavilion 11, Floor 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Simões RP, Goulart CDL, Caruso FR, de Araújo ASG, de Moura SCG, Catai AM, Dos Santos PB, Camargo PDF, Marinho RS, Mendes RG, Borghi-Silva A. Non-invasive ventilatory support accelerates the oxygen uptake and heart rate kinetics and improves muscle oxygenation dynamics in COPD-HF patients. Am J Med Sci 2023:S0002-9629(23)01177-1. [PMID: 37156461 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the effects of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) associated with high-intensity exercise on heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (V̇O2) recovery kinetics in in patients with coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure (HF). METHODS This is a randomized, double blinded, sham-controlled study involving 14 HF-COPD patients, who underwent a lung function test and Doppler echocardiography. On two different days, patients performed incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and two constant-work rate tests (80% of CPET peak) receiving Sham or NIPPV (bilevel mode - Astral 150) in a random order until the limit of tolerance (Tlim). During exercise, oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin were assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy (Oxymon, Artinis Medical Systems, Einsteinweg, Netherland). RESULTS The kinetic variables of both V̇O2 and HR during the high-intensity constant workload protocol were significantly faster in the NIPPV protocol compared to Sham ventilation (P<0.05). Also, there was a marked improvement in oxygenation and lower deoxygenation of both peripheral and respiratory musculature in TLim during NIPPV when contrasted with Sham ventilation. CONCLUSIONS NIPPV applied during high-intensity dynamic exercise can effectively improve exercise tolerance, accelerate HR and V̇O2 kinetics, improve respiratory and peripheral muscle oxygenation in COPD-HF patients. These beneficial results from the effects of NIPPV may provide evidence and a basis for high-intensity physical training for these patients in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Polaquini Simões
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cássia da Luz Goulart
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia Rossi Caruso
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana S Garcia de Araújo
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Cristina Garcia de Moura
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Aparecida Maria Catai
- Cardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Polliana Batista Dos Santos
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia de Faria Camargo
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan Shida Marinho
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Gonçalves Mendes
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Audrey Borghi-Silva
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, UFSCar, Rodovia Washington Luis, KM 235, Monjolinho, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Gentil P, Silva LRBE, Antunes DE, Carneiro LB, de Lira CAB, Batista G, de Oliveira JCM, Cardoso JS, Souza DC, Rebelo ACS. The effects of three different low-volume aerobic training protocols on cardiometabolic parameters of type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized clinical trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:985404. [PMID: 36755928 PMCID: PMC9900112 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.985404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the effects of different aerobic training protocols on cardiometabolic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This study was a parallel clinical trial. Fifty-two men and women with T2DM (>40 years) were randomly allocated into three groups, and 44 (22 males/22 females) were included in the final analysis. Exercise intensity was based on the speed corresponding to the maximum oxygen consumption (v V ˙ O2max). Moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) involved 14 minutes at 70% of v V ˙ O2max; short interval high-intensity interval training (S-HIIT) consisted of 20 bouts of 30 seconds at 100% of V˙O2max with 30 seconds passive recovery; long interval high-intensity training (L-HIIT) consisted of 5 bouts of 2 minutes at 100% of v V ˙ O2max with 2 minutes passive recovery. Training protocols were performed on a motorized treadmill two times per week for eight weeks. Glycated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac), total cholesterol, triglycerides, resting systolic blood pressure (SBP), resting diastolic blood pressure (DBP), resting heart rate (resting HR) and maximum oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) were measured before and after the exercise intervention. The study was registered on the Brazilian clinical trial records (ID: RBR45 4RJGC3). Results There was a significant difference between groups for changes on V ˙ O2max. Greater increases on V ˙ O2max were achieved for L-HIIT (p = 0.04) and S-HIIT (p = 0.01) in comparison to MICT group, with no significant difference between L-HIIT and S-HIIT (p = 0.9). Regarding comparison within groups, there were significant reductions on HbA1c and triglycerides levels only for L-HIIT (p< 0.05). V ˙ O2max significantly increased for both L-HIIT (MD = 3.2 ± 1.7 ml/kg/min, p< 0.001) and S-HIIT (MD = 3.4 ± 1.7, p< 0.001). There was a significant reduction on resting SBP for L-HIIT group (MD = -12.07 ± 15.3 mmHg, p< 0.01), but not for S-HIIT and MICT. There were no significant changes from pre- to post-training on fasting glycemia, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, resting HR and resting DBP for any group (p > 0.05). Conclusion Low-volume HIIT promoted greater improvements in cardiorespiratory capacity in comparison with low-volume MICT, independent of the protocols used. There were no other differences between groups. All protocols improved at least one of the variables analyzed; however, the most evident benefits were after the high-intensity protocols, especially L-HIIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Hypertension League, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Instituto VIDA, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Lucas Raphael Bento e Silva
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Gislene Batista
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Oliveira J, Gentil P, Naves JP, Souza Filho LF, Silva L, Zamunér AR, de Lira CA, Rebelo A. Effects of High Intensity Interval Training versus Sprint Interval Training on Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Healthy Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12863. [PMID: 36232163 PMCID: PMC9566246 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the practice of physical exercises is an effective strategy in improving or maintaining cardiorespiratory health; however, a lack of time is a barrier to access and interval training appears as possible facilitator. This study aims to compare the effects of two interval training protocols on cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy women. METHODS we conducted a randomized clinical trial with 43 women with a mean age of 29.96 ± 6.25 years, allocated into two groups; high-intensity interval training (HIIT) consisting of four four-minute high-intensity sprints interspersed with three minutes of active recovery and the Sprint interval training (SIT) with four 30-s sprints all-out, interspersed with four minutes of recovery (active or passive). RESULTS the HIIT group presented better results for the patterns without variation (0V) variables (p = 0.022); Shannon entropy (p = 0.004) Conditional Entropy (p = 0.025). However, there was a significant group effect for some variables, Oxygen Volume (VO2) (p = 0.004), Square root of the mean quadratic differences between the adjacent normal R-R intervals (p = 0.002) and standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals recorded in a time interval (p = 0.003), demonstrating an improvement independent of the protocol. CONCLUSION we conclude that eight weeks of interval training were able to produce positive effects on cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy women, with better results for HIIT in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Oliveira
- Department of Physiotherapy, Araguaia University Center, Goiania 74223-060, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Goias Federal University, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Goias Federal University, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Naves
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Goias Federal University, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Souza Filho
- Faculty of Medicine, Goias Federal University, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Estacio de Sá de Goias University Center, Goiania 74063-010, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva
- Department of Physiotherapy, Araguaia University Center, Goiania 74223-060, Brazil
| | - Antonio Roberto Zamunér
- Laboratory of Clinical Research in Kinesiology, Department of Kinesiology, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 34809112, Chile
| | - Claudio Andre de Lira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Goias Federal University, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Rebelo
- Faculty of Medicine, Goias Federal University, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
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Batouli-Santos D, Reis-Silva A, Guimarães-Lourenço G, Mendonça-Guimarães R, Moreira-Marconi E, Sonza A, Bernardo-Filho M, Sá-Caputo D. Acute effect of whole body-vibration exercise and osteopathic manipulative treatment on the heart rate variability in individuals with metabolic syndrome: Randomized cross-study protocol. INT J OSTEOPATH MED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijosm.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Teles GDO, Gentil P, Silva LRBE, Sousa WDM, Seguro CS, Rebelo ACS. HIIE Protocols Promote Better Acute Effects on Blood Glucose and Pressure Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes than Continuous Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052601. [PMID: 35270295 PMCID: PMC8909767 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the acute effects of a session of different high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) protocols and a session of moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on blood glucose, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2). The trial included 44 participants (age: 55.91 ± 1.25 years; BMI: 28.95 ± 0.67 kg/m2; Hb1Ac: 9.1 ± 2.3%; 76 mmol/mol) randomized into three exercise protocols based on the velocity at which maximum oxygen consumption was obtained (vVO2 max): long HIIE (2 min at 100% vV̇o2peak + 2 min of passive rest); short HIIE (30 s at 100% vV̇o2peak + 30 s of passive rest); or MICE (14 min at 70% vV̇o2peak) on a treadmill. Capillary blood glucose, BP, and HR measurements were taken at rest, during peak exercise, immediately after the end of exercise, and 10 min after exercise. Long and short HIIE protocols reduced capillary blood glucose by 32.14 mg/dL and 31.40 mg/dL, respectively, and reduced systolic BP by 12.43 mmHg and 8.73 mmHg, respectively. No significant changes were observed for MICE. HIIE was found to promote more acute effects than MICE on glycemia and BP in people with DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela de Oliveira Teles
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goias, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (G.d.O.T.); (P.G.)
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goias, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (G.d.O.T.); (P.G.)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil;
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Silva LRB, Gentil P, Seguro CS, de Oliveira JCM, Silva MS, Marques VA, Beltrame T, Rebelo ACS. High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cardiac Autonomic Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010066. [PMID: 35053064 PMCID: PMC8773290 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Different exercise models have been used in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), like moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT); however, their effects on autonomic modulation are unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of different exercise modes on autonomic modulation in patients with T2D. In total, 44 adults with >5 years of T2D diagnosis were recruited and stratified into three groups: HIIT-30:30 (n = 15, age 59.13 ± 5.57 years) that performed 20 repetitions of 30 s at 100% of VO2peak with passive recovery, HIIT-2:2 (n = 14, age 61.20 ± 2.88) that performed 5 repetitions of 2 min at 100% of VO2peak with passive recovery, and MICT (n = 15, age 58.50 ± 5.26) that performed 14 min of continuous exercise at 70% of VO2peak. All participants underwent anamnesis and evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiac autonomic modulation. All protocols were equated by total distance and were performed two times per week for 8 weeks. Group × time interactions were observed for resting heart rate (HRrest) [F(2.82) = 3.641; p = 0.031] and SDNN [F(2.82) = 3.462; p = 0.036]. Only the HIIT-30:30 group significantly reduced SDNN (p = 0.002 and 0.025, respectively). HRrest reduced more in the HIIT-30:30 group compared with the MICT group (p = 0.038). Group × time interactions were also observed for offTAU [F(2.82) = 3.146; p = 0.048] and offTMR [F(2.82) = 4.424; p = 0.015]. The MICT group presented increased values of offTAU compared with the HIIT-30:30 and HIIT-2:2 groups (p = 0.001 and 0.013, respectively), representing a slower HR response after eight weeks of intervention. HIIT, specially HIIT-30:30, represents a promising measure for improving autonomic modulation in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Raphael Bento Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Araguaia University Center, Goiania 74223-060, Brazil;
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-050, Brazil; (P.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.C.S.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-050, Brazil; (P.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.C.S.R.)
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil;
- Hypertension League, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-020, Brazil
| | - Camila Simões Seguro
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-080, Brazil;
| | - Jordana Campos Martins de Oliveira
- Department of Physical Education, Araguaia University Center, Goiania 74223-060, Brazil;
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-050, Brazil; (P.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.C.S.R.)
| | - Maria Sebastiana Silva
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil;
| | - Vitor Alves Marques
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-050, Brazil; (P.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.C.S.R.)
| | - Thomas Beltrame
- Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil;
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-050, Brazil; (P.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.C.S.R.)
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil;
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania 74690-900, Brazil
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Nataraj M, Sinha MK, Bhat A, Vaishali K. Correlation between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate variability among young overweight adults. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 17:304-310. [PMID: 35592811 PMCID: PMC9073868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cardiac autonomic function assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive, quantitative, and reliable marker of measurement. An altered cardiac autonomic function among overweight individuals predisposes them to a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The present study aims to determine the correlation between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate variability among young overweight adults. Methods A total of 45 participants (23 men and 22 women) were enrolled in the cross-sectional study with inclusion criteria as follows: aged between 18–30 years, body mass index (kg/m2) between 25–29.9 kg/m2, and without any known or diagnosed medical condition. Physical activity level and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and Bruce treadmill protocol test, respectively. Cardiac autonomic function was measured using a 5-min short-term heart rate variability recording. The time and frequency domain measures of HRV were used for analysis. Results The mean age of study participants was 22.53 ± 1.58 years and mean body mass index was 27.38 ± 1.51 kg/m2. Among young overweight adults, cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity were not correlated with Root mean square of successive RR interval differences, Percentage of successive RR intervals that differ by more than 50 ms, and Ratio of LF [ms2]/HF [ms2]. Conclusion The study found no correlation between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness with heart rate variability among young overweight individuals.
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Strüven A, Holzapfel C, Stremmel C, Brunner S. Obesity, Nutrition and Heart Rate Variability. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084215. [PMID: 33921697 PMCID: PMC8072942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) represents the activity and balance of the autonomic nervous system and its capability to react to internal and external stimuli. As a measure of general body homeostasis, HRV is linked to lifestyle factors and it is associated with morbidity and mortality. It is easily accessible by heart rate monitoring and gains interest in the era of smart watches and self-monitoring. In this review, we summarize effects of weight loss, training, and nutrition on HRV with a special focus on obesity. Besides weight reduction, effects of physical activity and dietary intervention can be monitored by parameters of HRV, including its time and frequency domain components. In the future, monitoring of HRV should be included in any weight reduction program as it provides an additional tool to analyze the effect of body weight on general health and homeostasis. HRV parameters could, for example, be monitored easily by implementation of an electrocardiogram (ECG) every two to four weeks during weight reduction period. Indices presumibly showing beneficial changes could be a reduction in heart rate and the number of premature ventricular complexes as well as an increase in standard deviation of normal-to-normal beat intervals (SDNN), just to name some.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Strüven
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.S.); (C.S.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Munich Heart Alliance, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Holzapfel
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Christopher Stremmel
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.S.); (C.S.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Munich Heart Alliance, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (A.S.); (C.S.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site: Munich Heart Alliance, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ziemssenstrasse 1, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-52248; Fax: +49-89-4400-75251
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10
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Silva LRB, Gentil P, Seguro CS, de Oliveira GT, Silva MS, Zamunér AR, Beltrame T, Rebelo ACS. High Fasting Glycemia Predicts Impairment of Cardiac Autonomic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:760292. [PMID: 34858333 PMCID: PMC8630737 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.760292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by a metabolic disorder that elevates blood glucose concentration. Chronic hyperglycemia has been associated with several complications in patients with T2D, one of which is cardiac autonomic dysfunction that can be assessed from heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) response, both associated with many aspects of health and fitness, including severe cardiovascular outcomes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of T2D on cardiac autonomic modulation by means of HRV and HRR measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study has an observational with case-control characteristic and involved ninety-three middle-aged adults stratified into two groups (control group - CG, n = 34; diabetes group - DG, n = 59). After signing the free and informed consent form, the patients were submitted to the evaluation protocols, performed biochemical tests to confirm the diagnosis of T2D, collection of R-R intervals for HRV analysis and cardiopulmonary effort test to quantify HRR. RESULTS At rest, the DG showed a reduction in global HRV (SDNN= 19.31 ± 11.72 vs CG 43.09 ± 12.74, p < 0.0001), lower parasympathetic modulation (RMSSD= 20.49 ± 14.68 vs 52.41 ± 19.50, PNN50 = 4.76 ± 10.53 vs 31.24 ± 19.24, 2VD%= 19.97 ± 10.30 vs 28.81 ± 9.77, p < 0.0001 for both indices) and higher HRrest when compared to CG. After interruption of physical exercise, a slowed heart rate response was observed in the DG when compared to the CG. Finally, a simple linear regression showed that fasting glycemia was able to predict cardiac autonomic involvement in volunteers with T2D. CONCLUSION Patients with T2D presented lower parasympathetic modulation at rest and slowed HRR after physical exercise, which may be associated with higher cardiovascular risks. The findings show the glycemic profile as an important predictor of impaired cardiac autonomic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Raphael Bento Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Araguaia University Center, Goiânia, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Lucas Raphael Bento Silva,
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
- Hypertension League, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Camila Simões Seguro
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Sebastiana Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Antônio Roberto Zamunér
- Laboratory of Clinical Research in Kinesiology, Department of Kinesiology, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Thomas Beltrame
- Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
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11
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Souza D, Coswig V, de Lira CAB, Gentil P. H″IT″ting the Barriers for Exercising during Social Isolation. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E245. [PMID: 32847134 PMCID: PMC7565488 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise is traditionally recommended to improve general health and prevent many non-communicable diseases. However, the measures adopted to control the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak culminated with closing of exercise facilities and fitness centers and, as a primary consequence, impaired aerobic exercise practice. This contributed to an increase in risk factors associated with physical inactivity such as insulin resistance, high blood pressure, low-grade inflammation, weight gain, and mental health problems. The scenario is worrisome, and it is important to propose alternatives for exercise practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interval training (IT) emerges as an exercise mode that might be feasible, low-cost, and potentially safe to be performed in many different places. IT consists of interspersing relative brief bouts of high-intensity exercise with recovery periods and promotes similar or greater health benefits when compared to moderate-intensity continuous exercise. Among the different types of IT, sprint interval training and "Tabata protocols" might be particularly useful during social isolation. These protocols can be controlled and performed without the need of complex equipment and can be adapted to different places, including domestic environments. In this article, we present variations of IT as possible alternatives to cope physical inactivity during COVID-19 pandemics with a focus on its practical applications. The protocols suggested can be performed without the need of specialized equipment or facilities, in a time-efficient manner, and aiming to prevent detraining or even improve physical fitness and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Souza
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (D.S.); (C.A.B.d.L.)
| | - Victor Coswig
- College of Physical Education, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal 68746-360, Brazil;
| | - Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (D.S.); (C.A.B.d.L.)
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil; (D.S.); (C.A.B.d.L.)
- Hypertension League, Federal University of Goiás, Goiania 74605-020, Brazil
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12
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Oliveira C, Silveira EA, Rosa L, Santos A, Rodrigues AP, Mendonça C, Silva L, Gentil P, Rebelo AC. Risk Factors Associated with Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Obese Individuals. J Obes 2020; 2020:7185249. [PMID: 32318288 PMCID: PMC7152942 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7185249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity leads to an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system, especially in increased sympathetic modulation and decreased vagal tone, and some anthropometric, metabolic, and lifestyle variables may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Objective. To analyze the association between cardiovascular autonomic modulation and biochemical and anthropometric markers, food intake, and physical activity level in severely obese individuals. Methodology. The present study is a cutout of a randomized clinical trial "Effect of nutritional intervention and olive oil in severe obesity" (DieTBra Trial), where the baseline data were analyzed. Anthropometric data, biochemical exams, heart rate variability (HRV), accelerometry, and 24 h recall (R24H) of obese patients (body mass index BMI ≥35 kg/m2) were collected. Results. 64 obese patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 39.10 ± 7.74 years (27 to 58 years). By HRV analysis, in the frequency domain, the obese had a higher predominance of sympathetic autonomic modulation (low frequency (LF) 56.44 ± 20.31 nu) and lower parasympathetic modulation (high frequency (HF) 42.52 ± 19.18 nu). A negative association was observed between the variables Homeostasis Evaluation Model (HOMA-IR) and HF (p = 0.049). In the physical activity analysis, there was a negative association between moderate to vigorous physical activity and the sympathetic component (p = 0.043), and for sedentary time (ST), there was a negative association with HF (p = 0.049) and LF/HF (p = 0.036) and a positive association with LF (p = 0.014). For multiple linear regression, waist circumference (WC) and HOMA-IR values were negatively associated with HF (β = -0.685, p = 0.010; β = -14.989, p = 0.010; respectively). HOMA-IR (β = 0.141, p = 0.003) and the percentage of lipids ingested (β = -0.030, p = 0.043) were negatively associated with LF/HF. Conclusion. Among the cardiovascular risk variables studied, insulin resistance and central adiposity showed the greatest influence on cardiac autonomic modulation of obese, increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Oliveira
- Medicine Faculty, Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Medicine Faculty, Coordinator of the Severe Obesity Study Group, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lorena Rosa
- Medicine Faculty, Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Annelisa Santos
- Medicine Faculty, Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Rodrigues
- Medicine Faculty, Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mendonça
- Medicine Faculty, Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lucas Silva
- Medicine Faculty, Health Science Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rebelo
- Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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13
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Silva LRB, Gentil PRV, Beltrame T, Basso Filho MA, Alves FM, Silva MS, Pedrino GR, Ramirez-Campillo R, Coswig V, Rebelo ACS. Exponential model for analysis of heart rate responses and autonomic cardiac modulation during different intensities of physical exercise. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190639. [PMID: 31824695 PMCID: PMC6837225 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the heart rate (HR) dynamics and variability before and after high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) protocols with workloads based on treadmill workload at which maximal oxygen uptake was achieved ( WL V ˙ O 2 max ) . Ten participants performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to obtain oxygen uptake ( WL V ˙ O 2 max ) . All training protocols were performed on a treadmill, with 0% grade, and had similar total distance. The MICT was composed by 21 min at 70% of WL V ˙ O 2 max . The first HIIT protocol (HIIT-30 : 30) was composed by 29 repetitions of 30 s at 100% of s V ˙ O 2 max and the second HIIT protocol (HIIT-4 : 3) was composed by three repetitions of 4 min at 90% of WL V ˙ O 2 max . Before, during and after each training protocol, HR dynamics and variability (HRV) were analysed by standard kinetics and linear (time and frequency domains). The repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that the HR dynamics, which characterizes the speed of HR during the rest to exercise transition, was statistically (p < 0.05) slower during MICT in comparison to both HIIT protocols. The HRV analysis, which characterizes the cardiac autonomic modulation during the exercise recovery, was statistically higher in HIIT-4 : 3 in comparison to MICT and HIIT-30 : 30 protocols (p < 0.005 and p = 0.012, respectively), suggesting that the HIIT-4 : 3 induced higher sympathetic and lower parasympathetic modulation during exercise in comparison to the other training protocols. In conclusion, HIIT-4 : 3 demonstrated post-exercise sympathetic hyperactivity and a higher HRpeak, while the HIIT-30 : 30 and MICT resulted in better HRV and HR in the exercise-recovery transition. The cardiac autonomic balance increased in HIIT-30 : 30 while HIIT-4 : 3 induced sympathetic hyperactivity and cardiac overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Raphael Bento Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty Araguaia, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Viana Gentil
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Thomas Beltrame
- Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Ibirapuera, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Basso Filho
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Social Sciences and Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Fagner Medeiros Alves
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Maria Sebastiana Silva
- Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues Pedrino
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, GIAP in Quality of Life and Human Well-Being, Department of Physical Activity Science, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Victor Coswig
- College of Physical Education, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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14
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Bayo-Tallón V, Esquirol-Caussa J, Pàmias-Massana M, Planells-Keller K, Palao-Vidal DJ. Effects of manual cranial therapy on heart rate variability in children without associated disorders: Translation to clinical practice. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 36:125-141. [PMID: 31383430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and purpose: Heart rate variability (HRV) represents a marker of autonomic activity, self-regulation and psychiatric illness. Few studies of manual therapy have investigated the neurophysiological effects of manual cranial therapy (MC-t). This study assessed the neurophysiological short/medium-term effects of two manual therapy interventions: massage therapy (Mss-t) and MC-t. MATERIALS AND METHODS A double-blind clinical trial was conducted with 50 healthy children, randomized into two groups who received a Mss-t intervention or MC-t. The variables analysed included vital signs (temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure) and HRV components, including the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio. RESULTS Both interventions produced short-term parasympathetic effects, although the effects of MC-t were more persistent. CONCLUSION The persistence of the MC-t intervention suggested a prominent vagal control and better self-regulation. Autonomic imbalances in mental pathologies may benefit from the neurophysiological effects of MC-t.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bayo-Tallón
- Universitary Research Service of Physical Therapy, Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia -S.U.R.F, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Jordi Esquirol-Caussa
- Universitary Research Service of Physical Therapy, Servei Universitari de Recerca en Fisioteràpia -S.U.R.F, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Pàmias-Massana
- Executive Direction of Adult, Child and Juvenile Mental Health Area at Corporación Sanitaria y Universitaria Parc Taulí (Neurosciences) (Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Kalia Planells-Keller
- Executive Direction of Adult, Child and Juvenile Mental Health Area at Corporación Sanitaria y Universitaria Parc Taulí (Neurosciences) (Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Diego J Palao-Vidal
- Executive Direction of Adult, Child and Juvenile Mental Health Area at Corporación Sanitaria y Universitaria Parc Taulí (Neurosciences) (Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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15
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Shioya-Yamada M, Shimada K, Nishitani-Yokoyama M, Sai E, Takeno K, Tamura Y, Watada H, Kawamori R, Daida H, Kawai S. Association Between Visceral Fat Accumulation and Exercise Tolerance in Non-Obese Subjects Without Diabetes. J Clin Med Res 2018; 10:630-635. [PMID: 29977420 PMCID: PMC6031249 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3403w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We examined the associations between visceral fat accumulation, presence of the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and exercise tolerance in non-obese subjects without diabetes. Methods Seventy-four non-obese, non-diabetic Japanese men were enrolled. The subjects were divided into the following two groups: non-obese subjects without any MetS risk factors (n = 38, Group A) and non-obese subjects with one or two MetS risk factors (n = 36, Group B). Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured. The response of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP), and exercise tolerance were also evaluated with a cardiopulmonary exercise test using a bicycle ergometer. Results The body mass index, abdominal circumference, visceral fat area, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, were significantly higher, while levels of anaerobic threshold and maximal oxygen uptake were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A. The levels of resting HR, resting BP, and BP at maximal exercise were significantly higher in Group B than in Group A. There were no significant differences in the HR at maximal exercise as well as the HR and BP after exercise between the two groups. The visceral fat area was significantly and negatively correlated with exercise tolerance. Multivariate linear regression analyses demonstrated that visceral fat area, but not abdominal circumference, was significantly and independently associated with maximal oxygen uptake. Conclusions These data suggest that the visceral fat area is a significant determinant for exercise tolerance even in non-obese subjects without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Shioya-Yamada
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimada
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Nishitani-Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiryu Sai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kageumi Takeno
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tamura
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Kawamori
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachio Kawai
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Chiba, Japan
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16
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Beltrame T, Catai AM, Rebelo AC, Tamburús NY, Zuttin RS, Takahashi ACDM, da Silva E. Associations Between Heart Rate Recovery Dynamics With Estradiol Levels in 20 to 60 Year-Old Sedentary Women. Front Physiol 2018; 9:533. [PMID: 29867572 PMCID: PMC5962759 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that estradiol levels, as well as aging, influence cardiac autonomic function in women. The main aim of this study was to test the correlations between heart rate recovery (HRR) dynamics, as a proxy of cardiac autonomic function, with estradiol levels and age in women. This cross-sectional study involved 44 healthy women. Heart rate (HR) data were obtained beat-by-beat during the entire experiment. Maximal incremental exercise testing (IET) on a cycle ergometer was performed followed by 6 min of recovery. During the IET recovery period, the overall HRR dynamics were evaluated by exponential data modeling (time constant "τ") where shorter τ indicates faster HRR adjustment. Considering the cardiac autonomic complexity, HRR dynamics were also evaluated by delta (Δ) analysis considering different HR data intervals. The relationship between HRR dynamics, estradiol levels and age was tested by Pearson product-moment correlation. The overall HRR dynamics (i.e., τ) were statistically correlated with age (r = 0.58, p < 0.001) and estradiol levels (r = -0.37, p = 0.01). The Δ analysis showed that the slower overall HRR associated with aging was a consequence of slower dynamics occurring within the 45-210 s interval, indicating slower sympathetic withdrawal. In conclusion, aging effects on HRR in women seems to be correlated with a slower sympathetic withdrawal. In addition, the cardioprotective effect previously associated with estradiol seems not to influence the autonomic modulation during exercise recovery periods in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Beltrame
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Aparecida M. Catai
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana C. Rebelo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Nayara Y. Tamburús
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Roberta S. Zuttin
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Agriculture of Itapeva, Itapeva, Brazil
| | | | - Ester da Silva
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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17
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Viana RB, de Lira CAB, Naves JPA, Coswig VS, Del Vecchio FB, Ramirez-Campillo R, Vieira CA, Gentil P. Can We Draw General Conclusions from Interval Training Studies? Sports Med 2018; 48:2001-2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes the current knowledge on the relationship of physical activity, exercise, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) based on epidemiological, clinical, and interventional studies. RECENT FINDINGS The prevalence of CAN increases with age and duration of diabetes. Further risk factors for CAN comprise poor glycemic control, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and the presence of diabetic complications. CAN has been also linked to reduced CRF. We recently showed that CRF parameters (e.g., maximal oxidative capacity or oxidative capacity at the anaerobic threshold) are associated with cardiac autonomic function in patients recently diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Exercise interventions have shown that physical activity can increase cardiovagal activity and reduce sympathetic overactivity. In particular, long-term and regularly, but also supervised, performed endurance and high-intense and high-volume exercise improves cardiac autonomic function in patients with type 2 diabetes. By contrast, the evidence in those with type 1 diabetes and also in individuals with prediabetes or metabolic syndrome is weaker. Overall, the studies reviewed herein addressing the question whether favorably modulating the autonomic nervous system may improve CRF during exercise programs support the therapeutic concept to promote physical activity and to achieve physical fitness. However, high-quality exercise interventions, especially in type 1 diabetes and metabolic syndrome including prediabetes, are further required to better understand the relationship between physical activity, fitness, and cardiac autonomic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Röhling
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Alexander Strom
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gidon J Bönhof
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dan Ziegler
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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