1
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Wang H, Irigoyen S, Liu J, Ramasamy M, Padilla C, Bedre R, Yang C, Thapa SP, Mulgaonkar N, Ancona V, He P, Coaker G, Fernando S, Mandadi KK. Inhibition of a conserved bacterial dual-specificity phosphatase confers plant tolerance to Candidatus Liberibacter spp. iScience 2024; 27:109232. [PMID: 38425843 PMCID: PMC10904284 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
"Candidatus Liberibacter spp." are insect-vectored, fastidious, and vascular-limited phytopathogens. They are the presumptive causal agents of potato zebra chip, tomato vein clearing, and the devastating citrus greening disease worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop new strategies to control them. In this study, we characterized a dual-specificity serine/tyrosine phosphatase (STP) that is well conserved among thirty-three geographically diverse "Candidatus Liberibacter spp." and strains that infect multiple Solanaceaea and citrus spp. The STP is expressed in infected plant tissues, localized at the plant cytosol and plasma membrane, and interferes with plant cell death responses. We employed an in silico target-based molecular modeling and ligand screen to identify two small molecules with high binding affinity to STP. Efficacy studies demonstrated that the two molecules can inhibit "Candidatus Liberibacter spp." but not unrelated pathogens and confer plant disease tolerance. The inhibitors and strategies are promising means to control "Candidatus Liberibacter spp."
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Wang
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sonia Irigoyen
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco TX 78596, USA
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco TX 78596, USA
| | - Manikandan Ramasamy
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco TX 78596, USA
| | - Carmen Padilla
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco TX 78596, USA
| | - Renesh Bedre
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco TX 78596, USA
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Department of Agriculture, Agribusiness, and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Shree P. Thapa
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nirmitee Mulgaonkar
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Veronica Ancona
- Department of Agriculture, Agribusiness, and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 2128 TAMU, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Gitta Coaker
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sandun Fernando
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kranthi K. Mandadi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco TX 78596, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, 2132 TAMU, College Station, TX, USA
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M AgriLife, College Station, TX, USA
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2
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Yaschenko AE, Alonso JM, Stepanova AN. Arabidopsis as a model for translational research. THE PLANT CELL 2024:koae065. [PMID: 38411602 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana is currently the most-studied plant species on earth, with an unprecedented number of genetic, genomic, and molecular resources having been generated in this plant model. In the era of translating foundational discoveries to crops and beyond, we aimed to highlight the utility and challenges of using Arabidopsis as a reference for applied plant biology research, agricultural innovation, biotechnology, and medicine. We hope that this review will inspire the next generation of plant biologists to continue leveraging Arabidopsis as a robust and convenient experimental system to address fundamental and applied questions in biology. We aim to encourage lab and field scientists alike to take advantage of the vast Arabidopsis datasets, annotations, germplasm, constructs, methods, molecular and computational tools in our pursuit to advance understanding of plant biology and help feed the world's growing population. We envision that the power of Arabidopsis-inspired biotechnologies and foundational discoveries will continue to fuel the development of resilient, high-yielding, nutritious plants for the betterment of plant and animal health and greater environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Yaschenko
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Genetics and Genomics Academy, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jose M Alonso
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Genetics and Genomics Academy, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Anna N Stepanova
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Genetics and Genomics Academy, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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3
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Kimata Y, Yamada M, Murata T, Kuwata K, Sato A, Suzuki T, Kurihara D, Hasebe M, Higashiyama T, Ueda M. Novel inhibitors of microtubule organization and phragmoplast formation in diverse plant species. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201657. [PMID: 36849250 PMCID: PMC9971157 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell division is essential for development and involves spindle assembly, chromosome separation, and cytokinesis. In plants, the genetic tools for controlling the events in cell division at the desired time are limited and ineffective owing to high redundancy and lethality. Therefore, we screened cell division-affecting compounds in Arabidopsis thaliana zygotes, whose cell division is traceable without time-lapse observations. We then determined the target events of the identified compounds using live-cell imaging of tobacco BY-2 cells. Subsequently, we isolated two compounds, PD-180970 and PP2, neither of which caused lethal damage. PD-180970 disrupted microtubule (MT) organization and, thus, nuclear separation, and PP2 blocked phragmoplast formation and impaired cytokinesis. Phosphoproteomic analysis showed that these compounds reduced the phosphorylation of diverse proteins, including MT-associated proteins (MAP70) and class II Kinesin-12. Moreover, these compounds were effective in multiple plant species, such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and moss (Physcomitrium patens). These properties make PD-180970 and PP2 useful tools for transiently controlling plant cell division at key manipulation nodes conserved across diverse plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kimata
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Moé Yamada
- Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Murata
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Keiko Kuwata
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayato Sato
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurihara
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research (IAR), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuyasu Hasebe
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Higashiyama
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minako Ueda
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Suntory Rising Stars Encouragement Program in Life Sciences (SunRiSE), Kyoto, Japan
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4
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Isolation of novel chemical components and their plant target proteins under selenium stress. Methods Enzymol 2023; 680:421-438. [PMID: 36710021 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is recognized as a beneficial nutrient in living organisms. Excessive amounts of selenium, however, can have a significant negative impact on organisms. Screening of novel chemical compounds that regulate and/or moderate selenium in plants was conducted. The present chapter discusses (1) the design of a chemical screening strategy, (2) methods used to identify and select candidate chemicals, and (3) the identification of chemical-binding target proteins. We identified a novel chemical compound, C9H8N2OS2, in our screening program that enhances selenate accumulation and stress tolerance. The target protein, beta-glucosidase 23, in Arabidopsis was found to regulate selenium accumulation, as well as plant response to selenate stress.
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5
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Pa V, Vijayaraghavareddy P, Uttarkar A, Dawane A, D S, V A, Kc B, Niranjan V, Ms S, Cv A, Makarla U, Vemanna RS. Novel small molecules targeting bZIP23 TF improve stomatal conductance and photosynthesis under mild drought stress by regulating ABA. FEBS J 2022; 289:6058-6077. [PMID: 35445538 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drought-induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation plays a key role in plant water relations by regulating stomatal movements. Although ABA helps in the survival of the plants, reduced carbon gain affects plant productivity. To improve crop productivity under mild drought stress conditions, it is necessary to manipulate ABA responses. Other research groups have used forward chemical genomics for the identification of ABA agonists and antagonists aiming to manipulate ABA biosynthesis and signalling. In the present study, we identified indolyl-ethyl amine and serotonin small molecules using a reverse chemical genomics approach, with these acting as potent inhibitors of ABA biosynthesis through transient regulation of bZIP23 transcription factor activity. In rice, wheat and soybean, each of the small molecules enhanced the germination of seeds, even in the presence of ABA. These molecules nullified the effect of ABA on intact and detached leaves, resulting in higher photosynthesis. Furthermore, these small molecules effectively reduced the transcription levels of bZIP23 targeting NCED4, PP2C49 and CO3 genes. Rice plants treated with the small molecules were found to have improved stomatal conductance, spikelet fertility and yield compared to untreated plants under mild drought stress conditions. Our results suggest that indolyl-ethyl amine and serotonin small molecules could be utilized to improve yield under mild drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Pa
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India.,Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Akshay Uttarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Akashata Dawane
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sujitha D
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ashwin V
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Babitha Kc
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sheshshayee Ms
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anuradha Cv
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Udayakumar Makarla
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramu S Vemanna
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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6
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Lei B, Song M, Li X, Dang X, Qin R, Zhu S, An X, Liu Q, Yao X, Nie Y, Ma C. SMART v1.0: A Database for Small Molecules with Functional Implications in Plants. Interdiscip Sci 2022; 14:279-283. [PMID: 34648133 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-021-00480-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We developed SMART v1.0 ( http://smart.omicstudio.cloud ), the first database for small molecules with functional implications in plants. The SMART database is devoted to providing and managing small molecules and their associated structural data, chemoinformatic data, protein targets, pathways and induced phenotype/function information. Currently, SMART v1.0 encompasses 1218 unique small molecules which are involved in multiple biological pathways. SMART v1.0 is featured with user-friendly interfaces, through which pathway-centered visualization of small molecules can be efficiently performed, and multiple types of searches (i.e., text search, structure similarity search and sequence similarity search) can be conveniently conducted. SMART v1.0 is also specifically designed to be a small molecule-sharing database, allowing users to release their newly discovered small molecules to public via the Contribute webpage. The SMART database will facilitate the comprehensive understanding of small molecules in complex biological processes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minggui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxue Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Runwen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan An
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qinchang Liu
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanming Nie
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chuang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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7
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Identification of stomatal-regulating molecules from de novo arylamine collection through aromatic C-H amination. Sci Rep 2022; 12:949. [PMID: 35042960 PMCID: PMC8766585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04947-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomata—small pores generally found on the leaves of plants—control gas exchange between plant and the atmosphere. Elucidating the mechanism that underlies such control through the regulation of stomatal opening/closing is important to understand how plants regulate photosynthesis and tolerate against drought. However, up-to-date, molecular components and their function involved in stomatal regulation are not fully understood. We challenged such problem through a chemical genetic approach by isolating and characterizing synthetic molecules that influence stomatal movement. Here, we describe that a small chemical collection, prepared during the development of C–H amination reactions, lead to the discovery of a Stomata Influencing Molecule (SIM); namely, a sulfonimidated oxazole that inhibits stomatal opening. The starting molecule SIM1 was initially isolated from screening of compounds that inhibit light induced opening of dayflower stomata. A range of SIM molecules were rapidly accessed using our state-of-the-art C–H amination technologies. This enabled an efficient structure–activity relationship (SAR) study, culminating in the discovery of a sulfonamidated oxazole derivative (SIM*) having higher activity and enhanced specificity against stomatal regulation. Biological assay results have shed some light on the mode of action of SIM molecules within the cell, which may ultimately lead to drought tolerance-conferring agrochemicals through the control of stomatal movement.
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8
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Boursiac Y, Protto V, Rishmawi L, Maurel C. Experimental and conceptual approaches to root water transport. PLANT AND SOIL 2022; 478:349-370. [PMID: 36277078 PMCID: PMC9579117 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-022-05427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root water transport, which critically contributes to the plant water status and thereby plant productivity, has been the object of extensive experimental and theoretical studies. However, root systems represent an intricate assembly of cells in complex architectures, including many tissues at distinct developmental stages. Our comprehension of where and how molecular actors integrate their function in order to provide the root with its hydraulic properties is therefore still limited. SCOPE Based on current literature and prospective discussions, this review addresses how root water transport can be experimentally measured, what is known about the underlying molecular actors, and how elementary water transport processes are scaled up in numerical/mathematical models. CONCLUSIONS The theoretical framework and experimental procedures on root water transport that are in use today have been established a few decades ago. However, recent years have seen the appearance of new techniques and models with enhanced resolution, down to a portion of root or to the tissue level. These advances pave the way for a better comprehension of the dynamics of water uptake by roots in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Boursiac
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Virginia Protto
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Louai Rishmawi
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Maurel
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
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9
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Chini A, Monte I, Fernández-Barbero G, Boter M, Hicks G, Raikhel N, Solano R. A small molecule antagonizes jasmonic acid perception and auxin responses in vascular and nonvascular plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1399-1413. [PMID: 34618088 PMCID: PMC8566257 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile) regulates many stress responses and developmental processes in plants. A co-receptor complex formed by the F-box protein Coronatine Insensitive 1 (COI1) and a Jasmonate (JA) ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor perceives the hormone. JA-Ile antagonists are invaluable tools for exploring the role of JA-Ile in specific tissues and developmental stages, and for identifying regulatory processes of the signaling pathway. Using two complementary chemical screens, we identified three compounds that exhibit a robust inhibitory effect on both the hormone-mediated COI-JAZ interaction and degradation of JAZ1 and JAZ9 in vivo. One molecule, J4, also restrains specific JA-induced physiological responses in different angiosperm plants, including JA-mediated gene expression, growth inhibition, chlorophyll degradation, and anthocyanin accumulation. Interaction experiments with purified proteins indicate that J4 directly interferes with the formation of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) COI1-JAZ complex otherwise induced by JA. The antagonistic effect of J4 on COI1-JAZ also occurs in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, suggesting the mode of action is conserved in land plants. Besides JA signaling, J4 works as an antagonist of the closely related auxin signaling pathway, preventing Transport Inhibitor Response1/Aux-indole-3-acetic acid interaction and auxin responses in planta, including hormone-mediated degradation of an auxin repressor, gene expression, and gravitropic response. However, J4 does not affect other hormonal pathways. Altogether, our results show that this dual antagonist competes with JA-Ile and auxin, preventing the formation of phylogenetically related receptor complexes. J4 may be a useful tool to dissect both the JA-Ile and auxin pathways in particular tissues and developmental stages since it reversibly inhibits these pathways. One-sentence summary: A chemical screen identified a molecule that antagonizes jasmonate perception by directly interfering with receptor complex formation in phylogenetically distant vascular and nonvascular plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chini
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Author for correspondence:
| | - Isabel Monte
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Present address: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland
| | - Gemma Fernández-Barbero
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Marta Boter
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Present address: Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid –Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Glenn Hicks
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, USA
| | - Natasha Raikhel
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521, USA
| | - Roberto Solano
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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10
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Irigoyen S, Ramasamy M, Pant S, Niraula P, Bedre R, Gurung M, Rossi D, Laughlin C, Gorman Z, Achor D, Levy A, Kolomiets MV, Sétamou M, Badillo-Vargas IE, Avila CA, Irey MS, Mandadi KK. Plant hairy roots enable high throughput identification of antimicrobials against Candidatus Liberibacter spp. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5802. [PMID: 33199718 PMCID: PMC7669877 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A major bottleneck in identifying therapies to control citrus greening and other devastating plant diseases caused by fastidious pathogens is our inability to culture the pathogens in defined media or axenic cultures. As such, conventional approaches for antimicrobial evaluation (genetic or chemical) rely on time-consuming, low-throughput and inherently variable whole-plant assays. Here, we report that plant hairy roots support the growth of fastidious pathogens like Candidatus Liberibacter spp., the presumptive causal agents of citrus greening, potato zebra chip and tomato vein greening diseases. Importantly, we leverage the microbial hairy roots for rapid, reproducible efficacy screening of multiple therapies. We identify six antimicrobial peptides, two plant immune regulators and eight chemicals which inhibit Candidatus Liberibacter spp. in plant tissues. The antimicrobials, either singly or in combination, can be used as near- and long-term therapies to control citrus greening, potato zebra chip and tomato vein greening diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Irigoyen
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | | | - Shankar Pant
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
- Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Prakash Niraula
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Renesh Bedre
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Meena Gurung
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Denise Rossi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Corinne Laughlin
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Zachary Gorman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Diann Achor
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Amit Levy
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael V Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mamoudou Sétamou
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Ismael E Badillo-Vargas
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Carlos A Avila
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Kranthi K Mandadi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA.
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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11
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Dallery JF, Zimmer M, Halder V, Suliman M, Pigné S, Le Goff G, Gianniou DD, Trougakos IP, Ouazzani J, Gasperini D, O’Connell RJ. Inhibition of jasmonate-mediated plant defences by the fungal metabolite higginsianin B. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2910-2921. [PMID: 32006004 PMCID: PMC7260715 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Infection of Arabidopsis thaliana by the ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum higginsianum is characterized by an early symptomless biotrophic phase followed by a destructive necrotrophic phase. The fungal genome contains 77 secondary metabolism-related biosynthetic gene clusters, whose expression during the infection process is tightly regulated. Deleting CclA, a chromatin regulator involved in the repression of some biosynthetic gene clusters through H3K4 trimethylation, allowed overproduction of three families of terpenoids and isolation of 12 different molecules. These natural products were tested in combination with methyl jasmonate, an elicitor of jasmonate responses, for their capacity to alter defence gene induction in Arabidopsis. Higginsianin B inhibited methyl jasmonate-triggered expression of the defence reporter VSP1p:GUS, suggesting it may block bioactive jasmonoyl isoleucine (JA-Ile) synthesis or signalling in planta. Using the JA-Ile sensor Jas9-VENUS, we found that higginsianin B, but not three other structurally related molecules, suppressed JA-Ile signalling by preventing the degradation of JAZ proteins, the repressors of jasmonate responses. Higginsianin B likely blocks the 26S proteasome-dependent degradation of JAZ proteins because it inhibited chymotrypsin- and caspase-like protease activities. The inhibition of target degradation by higginsianin B also extended to auxin signalling, as higginsianin B treatment reduced auxin-dependent expression of DR5p:GUS. Overall, our data indicate that specific fungal secondary metabolites can act similarly to protein effectors to subvert plant immune and developmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Félix Dallery
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marlene Zimmer
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Vivek Halder
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Current address: Rijk Zwaan, De Lier, 2678 ZG, Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Suliman
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Current address: Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sandrine Pigné
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Géraldine Le Goff
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Despoina D Gianniou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Jamal Ouazzani
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles ICSN, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Debora Gasperini
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Correspondence: or
| | - Richard J O’Connell
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
- Correspondence: or
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12
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Kerchev P, van der Meer T, Sujeeth N, Verlee A, Stevens CV, Van Breusegem F, Gechev T. Molecular priming as an approach to induce tolerance against abiotic and oxidative stresses in crop plants. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 40:107503. [PMID: 31901371 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, extreme temperature, and pollutants, are the main cause of crop losses worldwide. Novel climate-adapted crops and stress tolerance-enhancing compounds are increasingly needed to counteract the negative effects of unfavorable stressful environments. A number of natural products and synthetic chemicals can protect model and crop plants against abiotic stresses through induction of molecular and physiological defense mechanisms, a process known as molecular priming. In addition to their stress-protective effect, some of these compounds can also stimulate plant growth. Here, we provide an overview of the known physiological and molecular mechanisms that induce molecular priming, together with a survey of the approaches aimed to discover and functionally study new stress-alleviating chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kerchev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tom van der Meer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Centre for Plant Systems Biology,VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Arno Verlee
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian V Stevens
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Centre for Plant Systems Biology,VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tsanko Gechev
- Department of Molecular Stress Physiology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria; Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria.
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13
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Joglekar S, Suliman M, Bartsch M, Halder V, Maintz J, Bautor J, Zeier J, Parker JE, Kombrink E. Chemical Activation of EDS1/PAD4 Signaling Leading to Pathogen Resistance in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:1592-1607. [PMID: 29931201 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In a chemical screen we identified thaxtomin A (TXA), a phytotoxin from plant pathogenic Streptomyces scabies, as a selective and potent activator of FLAVIN-DEPENDENT MONOOXYGENASE1 (FMO1) expression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). TXA induction of FMO1 was unrelated to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plant cell death or its known inhibition of cellulose synthesis. TXA-stimulated FMO1 expression was strictly dependent on ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (EDS1) and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4) but independent of salicylic acid (SA) synthesis via ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1 (ICS1). TXA induced the expression of several EDS1/PAD4-regulated genes, including EDS1, PAD4, SENESCENCE ASSOCIATED GENE101 (SAG101), ICS1, AGD2-LIKE DEFENSE RESPONSE PROTEIN1 (ALD1) and PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEIN1 (PR1), and accumulation of SA. Notably, enhanced ALD1 expression did not result in accumulation of the product pipecolic acid (PIP), which promotes FMO1 expression during biologically induced systemic acquired resistance. TXA treatment preferentially stimulated expression of PAD4 compared with EDS1, which was mirrored by PAD4 protein accumulation, suggesting that TXA leads to increased PAD4 availability to form EDS1-PAD4 signaling complexes. Also, TXA treatment of Arabidopsis plants led to enhanced disease resistance to bacterial and oomycete infection, which was dependent on EDS1 and PAD4, as well as on FMO1 and ICS1. Collectively, the data identify TXA as a potentially useful chemical tool to conditionally activate and interrogate EDS1- and PAD4-controlled pathways in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shachi Joglekar
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Mohamed Suliman
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Michael Bartsch
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Vivek Halder
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Jens Maintz
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Jaqueline Bautor
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zeier
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jane E Parker
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
| | - Erich Kombrink
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Köln, Germany
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14
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Wase N, Black P, DiRusso C. Innovations in improving lipid production: Algal chemical genetics. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 71:101-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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15
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Amos BK, Pook VG, Debolt S. Optimizing the Use of a Liquid Handling Robot to Conduct a High Throughput Forward Chemical Genetics Screen of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Vis Exp 2018:57393. [PMID: 29757282 PMCID: PMC6101032 DOI: 10.3791/57393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical genetics is increasingly being employed to decode traits in plants that may be recalcitrant to traditional genetics due to gene redundancy or lethality. However, the probability of a synthetic small molecule being bioactive is low; therefore, thousands of molecules must be tested in order to find those of interest. Liquid handling robotics systems are designed to handle large numbers of samples, increasing the speed with which a chemical library can be screened in addition to minimizing/standardizing error. To achieve a high-throughput forward chemical genetics screen of a library of 50,000 small molecules on Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), protocols using a bench-top multichannel liquid handling robot were developed that require minimal technician involvement. With these protocols, 3,271 small molecules were discovered that caused visible phenotypic alterations. 1,563 compounds induced short roots, 1,148 compounds altered coloration, 383 compounds caused root hair and other, non-categorized, alterations, and 177 compounds inhibited germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Amos
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky
| | | | - Seth Debolt
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky;
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16
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Kailasam S, Wang Y, Lo JC, Chang HF, Yeh KC. S-Nitrosoglutathione works downstream of nitric oxide to mediate iron-deficiency signaling in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 94:157-168. [PMID: 29396986 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and development. Knowledge of Fe signaling, from the beginning of perception to activation of the uptake process, is critical for crop improvement. Here, by using chemical screening, we identified a small molecule 3-amino-N-(3-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide named R7 ('R' denoting repressor of IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER 1), that modulates Fe homeostasis of Arabidopsis. R7 treatment led to reduced Fe levels in plants, thus causing severe chlorosis under Fe deficiency. Expression analysis of central transcription factors, FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) and subgroup Ib basic helix-loop-helix (Ib bHLH) genes bHLH38/39/100/101, revealed that R7 targets the FIT-dependent transcriptional pathway. Exogenously supplying S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), but not other nitric oxide (NO) donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine (SANP), alleviated the inhibitory effects of R7 on Fe homeostasis. R7 did not inhibit cellular levels of NO or glutathione but decreased GSNO level in roots. We demonstrate that NO is involved in regulating not only the FIT transcriptional network but also the Ib bHLH networks. In addition, GSNO, from S-nitrosylation of glutathione, specifically mediates the Fe-starvation signal to FIT, which is distinct from the NO to Ib bHLH signal. Our work dissects the molecular connection between NO and the Fe-starvation response. We present a new signaling route whereby GSNO acts downstream of NO to trigger the Fe-deficiency response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Kailasam
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ying Wang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Chi Lo
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fang Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chen Yeh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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17
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Haire TC, Bell C, Cutshaw K, Swiger B, Winkelmann K, Palmer AG. Robust Microplate-Based Methods for Culturing and in Vivo Phenotypic Screening of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:235. [PMID: 29623083 PMCID: PMC5874318 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr), a unicellular alga, is routinely utilized to study photosynthetic biochemistry, ciliary motility, and cellular reproduction. Its minimal culture requirements, unicellular morphology, and ease of transformation have made it a popular model system. Despite its relatively slow doubling time, compared with many bacteria, it is an ideal eukaryotic system for microplate-based studies utilizing either, or both, absorbance as well as fluorescence assays. Such microplate assays are powerful tools for researchers in the areas of toxicology, pharmacology, chemical genetics, biotechnology, and more. However, while microplate-based assays are valuable tools for screening biological systems, these methodologies can significantly alter the conditions in which the organisms are cultured and their subsequent physiology or morphology. Herein we describe a novel method for the microplate culture and in vivo phenotypic analysis of growth, viability, and photosynthetic pigments of C. reinhardtii. We evaluated the utility of our assay by screening silver nanoparticles for their effects on growth and viability. These methods are amenable to a wide assortment of studies and present a significant advancement in the methodologies available for research involving this model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C. Haire
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Cody Bell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Kirstin Cutshaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Brendan Swiger
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Kurt Winkelmann
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Andrew G. Palmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Andrew G. Palmer,
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18
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Nguyen L, Drozdzecki A, Goossens V, De Rybel B, Beeckman T, Audenaert D. Multi-Parametric Screening in Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1795:1-7. [PMID: 29846914 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7874-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic screening and subsequent target identification approaches are very valuable to identify chemical probes that can be used to explore the connection between phenotypes and biological pathways. However, assessing a phenotypic effect in plants in a high-throughput fashion is a challenging task and often requires expensive readout devices. In this chapter, we describe a cost-effective multi-parametric screening procedure that is compatible with liquid-handling systems and that enables the assessment of phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings in an automated way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vera Goossens
- Expertise Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening (C-BIOS), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bert De Rybel
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Beeckman
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Audenaert
- VIB Screening Core, Ghent, Belgium.
- Expertise Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening (C-BIOS), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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19
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Noutoshi Y, Shirasu K. A High-Throughput Chemical Screening Method for Inhibitors and Potentiators of Hypersensitive Cell Death Using Suspension Cell Culture of Arabidopsis thaliana. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1795:39-47. [PMID: 29846917 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7874-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Chemical biology provides an alternative way to identify genes involved in a particular biological process. It has the potential to overcome issues such as redundancy or lethality often found in genetic approaches, since the chemical compounds can simultaneously target all homologous proteins that function at the same step, and chemicals can be applied conditionally. Even with a variety of genetic approaches, the molecular mechanisms of plant hypersensitive cell death that occurs during disease resistance responses remain unclear. Therefore, application of chemical biology should provide new insights into this phenomenon. Here we describe a high-throughput chemical screening procedure to detect hypersensitive cell death quantitatively, using a suspension cell culture of Arabidopsis thaliana and a well-studied avirulent bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 avrRpm1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Ken Shirasu
- Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
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20
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High-Throughput Screening of Chemical Compound Libraries for Modulators of Salicylic Acid Signaling by In Situ Monitoring of Glucuronidase-Based Reporter Gene Expression. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1795:49-63. [PMID: 29846918 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7874-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a vital phytohormone that is intimately involved in coordination of the complex plant defense response to pathogen attack. Many aspects of SA signaling have been unraveled by classical genetic and biochemical methods using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, but many details remain unknown, owing to the inherent limitations of these methods. In recent years, chemical genetics has emerged as an alternative scientific strategy to complement classical genetics by virtue of identifying bioactive chemicals or probes that act selectively on their protein targets causing either activation or inhibition. Such selective tools have the potential to create conditional and reversible chemical mutant phenotypes that may be combined with genetic mutants. Here, we describe a facile chemical screening methodology for intact Arabidopsis seedlings harboring the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter by directly quantifying GUS activity in situ with 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide (4-MUG) as substrate. The quantitative nature of this screening assay has an obvious advantage over the also convenient histochemical GUS staining method, as it allows application of statistical procedures and unbiased hit selection based on threshold values as well as distinction between compounds with strong or weak bioactivity. We show pilot screens for chemical activators or inhibitors of salicylic acid-mediated defense signaling using the Arabidopsis line expressing the SA-inducible PR1p::GUS reporter gene. Importantly, the screening methodology provided here can be adopted for any inducible GUS reporter line.
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21
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Dejonghe W, Russinova E. Plant Chemical Genetics: From Phenotype-Based Screens to Synthetic Biology. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:5-20. [PMID: 28275150 PMCID: PMC5411137 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of a biological system with small molecules to specifically perturb cellular functions is commonly referred to as chemical biology. Small molecules are used commercially as drugs, herbicides, and fungicides in different systems, but in recent years they are increasingly exploited as tools for basic research. For instance, chemical genetics involves the discovery of small-molecule effectors of various cellular functions through screens of compound libraries. Whereas the drug discovery field has largely been driven by target-based screening approaches followed by drug optimization, chemical genetics in plant systems tends to be fueled by more general phenotype-based screens, opening the possibility to identify a wide range of small molecules that are not necessarily directly linked to the process of interest. Here, we provide an overview of the current progress in chemical genetics in plants, with a focus on the discoveries regarding small molecules identified in screens designed with a basic biology perspective. We reflect on the possibilities that lie ahead and discuss some of the potential pitfalls that might be encountered upon adopting a given chemical genetics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Dejonghe
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R); and
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R.)
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R); and
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium (W.D., E.R.)
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22
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Burrell T, Fozard S, Holroyd GH, French AP, Pound MP, Bigley CJ, James Taylor C, Forde BG. The Microphenotron: a robotic miniaturized plant phenotyping platform with diverse applications in chemical biology. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:10. [PMID: 28265297 PMCID: PMC5333401 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0158-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemical genetics provides a powerful alternative to conventional genetics for understanding gene function. However, its application to plants has been limited by the lack of a technology that allows detailed phenotyping of whole-seedling development in the context of a high-throughput chemical screen. We have therefore sought to develop an automated micro-phenotyping platform that would allow both root and shoot development to be monitored under conditions where the phenotypic effects of large numbers of small molecules can be assessed. RESULTS The 'Microphenotron' platform uses 96-well microtitre plates to deliver chemical treatments to seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana L. and is based around four components: (a) the 'Phytostrip', a novel seedling growth device that enables chemical treatments to be combined with the automated capture of images of developing roots and shoots; (b) an illuminated robotic platform that uses a commercially available robotic manipulator to capture images of developing shoots and roots; (c) software to control the sequence of robotic movements and integrate these with the image capture process; (d) purpose-made image analysis software for automated extraction of quantitative phenotypic data. Imaging of each plate (representing 80 separate assays) takes 4 min and can easily be performed daily for time-course studies. As currently configured, the Microphenotron has a capacity of 54 microtitre plates in a growth room footprint of 2.1 m2, giving a potential throughput of up to 4320 chemical treatments in a typical 10 days experiment. The Microphenotron has been validated by using it to screen a collection of 800 natural compounds for qualitative effects on root development and to perform a quantitative analysis of the effects of a range of concentrations of nitrate and ammonium on seedling development. CONCLUSIONS The Microphenotron is an automated screening platform that for the first time is able to combine large numbers of individual chemical treatments with a detailed analysis of whole-seedling development, and particularly root system development. The Microphenotron should provide a powerful new tool for chemical genetics and for wider chemical biology applications, including the development of natural and synthetic chemical products for improved agricultural sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Burrell
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YR UK
| | - Susan Fozard
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ UK
| | - Geoff H. Holroyd
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ UK
| | - Andrew P. French
- The Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, LE12 5RD UK
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
| | - Michael P. Pound
- The Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, LE12 5RD UK
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
| | | | - C. James Taylor
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YR UK
| | - Brian G. Forde
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ UK
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23
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Sakai Y, Sugano SS, Kawase T, Shirakawa M, Imai Y, Kawamoto Y, Sugiyama H, Nakagawa T, Hara-Nishimura I, Shimada T. Inhibition of cell polarity establishment in stomatal asymmetric cell division using the chemical compound bubblin. Development 2017; 144:499-506. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.145458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem-cell polarization is a crucial step in asymmetric cell division, which is a universal system for generating cellular diversity in multicellular organisms. Several conventional genetics studies have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying cell polarization in plants, but it remains largely unknown. In plants, stomata, which are valves for gas exchange, are generated through several rounds of asymmetric divisions. In this study, we identified and characterized a chemical compound that affects stomatal stem-cell polarity. High-throughput screening for bioactive molecules identified a pyridine-thiazole derivative, named bubblin, which induced stomatal clustering in Arabidopsis epidermis. Bubblin perturbed stomatal asymmetric division, resulting in the generation of two identical daughter cells. Both cells continued to express the stomatal-fate determinant SPEECHLESS, and then differentiated into mispatterned stomata. Bubblin-treated cells had a defect in the polarized localization of BREAKING OF ASYMMETRY IN THE STOMATAL LINEAGE (BASL), which is required for asymmetric cell fate determination. Our results suggest that bubblin induces stomatal lineage cells to divide without BASL-dependent pre-mitotic establishment of polarity. Bubblin is a potentially valuable tool for investigating cell polarity establishment in stomatal asymmetric division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Sakai
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeo S. Sugano
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawase
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Makoto Shirakawa
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yu Imai
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell–Material Science (WPI–iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Center for Integrated Research in Science, Shimane University, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Ikuko Hara-Nishimura
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoo Shimada
- Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Fiers M, Hoogenboom J, Brunazzi A, Wennekes T, Angenent GC, Immink RGH. A plant-based chemical genomics screen for the identification of flowering inducers. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:78. [PMID: 29026434 PMCID: PMC5627458 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0230-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Floral timing is a carefully regulated process, in which the plant determines the optimal moment to switch from the vegetative to reproductive phase. While there are numerous genes known that control flowering time, little information is available on chemical compounds that are able to influence this process. We aimed to discover novel compounds that are able to induce flowering in the model plant Arabidopsis. For this purpose we developed a plant-based screening platform that can be used in a chemical genomics study. RESULTS Here we describe the set-up of the screening platform and various issues and pitfalls that need to be addressed in order to perform a chemical genomics screening on Arabidopsis plantlets. We describe the choice for a molecular marker, in combination with a sensitive reporter that's active in plants and is sufficiently sensitive for detection. In this particular screen, the firefly Luciferase marker was used, fused to the regulatory sequences of the floral meristem identity gene APETALA1 (AP1), which is an early marker for flowering. Using this screening platform almost 9000 compounds were screened, in triplicate, in 96-well plates at a concentration of 25 µM. One of the identified potential flowering inducing compounds was studied in more detail and named Flowering1 (F1). F1 turned out to be an analogue of the plant hormone Salicylic acid (SA) and appeared to be more potent than SA in the induction of flowering. The effect could be confirmed by watering Arabidopsis plants with SA or F1, in which F1 gave a significant reduction in time to flowering in comparison to SA treatment or the control. CONCLUSIONS In this study a chemical genomics screening platform was developed to discover compounds that can induce flowering in Arabidopsis. This platform was used successfully, to identify a compound that can speed-up flowering in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Fiers
- Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AP Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorin Hoogenboom
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alice Brunazzi
- Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AP Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wennekes
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerco C. Angenent
- Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AP Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G. H. Immink
- Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AP Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Application of Chemical Genomics to Plant-Bacteria Communication: A High-Throughput System to Identify Novel Molecules Modulating the Induction of Bacterial Virulence Genes by Plant Signals. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1610:297-314. [PMID: 28439871 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7003-2_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The life cycle of bacterial phytopathogens consists of a benign epiphytic phase, during which the bacteria grow in the soil or on the plant surface, and a virulent endophytic phase involving the penetration of host defenses and the colonization of plant tissues. Innovative strategies are urgently required to integrate copper treatments that control the epiphytic phase with complementary tools that control the virulent endophytic phase, thus reducing the quantity of chemicals applied to economically and ecologically acceptable levels. Such strategies include targeted treatments that weaken bacterial pathogens, particularly those inhibiting early infection steps rather than tackling established infections. This chapter describes a reporter gene-based chemical genomic high-throughput screen for the induction of bacterial virulence by plant molecules. Specifically, we describe a chemical genomic screening method to identify agonist and antagonist molecules for the induction of targeted bacterial virulence genes by plant extracts, focusing on the experimental controls required to avoid false positives and thus ensuring the results are reliable and reproducible.
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Van de Wouwer D, Vanholme R, Decou R, Goeminne G, Audenaert D, Nguyen L, Höfer R, Pesquet E, Vanholme B, Boerjan W. Chemical Genetics Uncovers Novel Inhibitors of Lignification, Including p-Iodobenzoic Acid Targeting CINNAMATE-4-HYDROXYLASE. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:198-220. [PMID: 27485881 PMCID: PMC5074639 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary-thickened cell walls are characterized by the presence of lignin, a recalcitrant and hydrophobic polymer that provides mechanical strength and ensures long-distance water transport. Exactly the recalcitrance and hydrophobicity of lignin put a burden on the industrial processing efficiency of lignocellulosic biomass. Both forward and reverse genetic strategies have been used intensively to unravel the molecular mechanism of lignin deposition. As an alternative strategy, we introduce here a forward chemical genetic approach to find candidate inhibitors of lignification. A high-throughput assay to assess lignification in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings was developed and used to screen a 10-k library of structurally diverse, synthetic molecules. Of the 73 compounds that reduced lignin deposition, 39 that had a major impact were retained and classified into five clusters based on the shift they induced in the phenolic profile of Arabidopsis seedlings. One representative compound of each cluster was selected for further lignin-specific assays, leading to the identification of an aromatic compound that is processed in the plant into two fragments, both having inhibitory activity against lignification. One fragment, p-iodobenzoic acid, was further characterized as a new inhibitor of CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE, a key enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway synthesizing the building blocks of the lignin polymer. As such, we provide proof of concept of this chemical biology approach to screen for inhibitors of lignification and present a broad array of putative inhibitors of lignin deposition for further characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Van de Wouwer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Ruben Vanholme
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Raphaël Decou
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Geert Goeminne
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Dominique Audenaert
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Long Nguyen
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - René Höfer
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Edouard Pesquet
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Bartel Vanholme
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
| | - Wout Boerjan
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.V.d.W., R.V., G.G., R.H., B.V., W.B.);Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden (R.D., E.P.);Compound Screening Facility, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (D.A., L.N.); andArrhenius Laboratories, Department of Ecology, Environment, and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 160 91 Stockholm, Sweden (E.P.)
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Wei J, Yang H, Cao H, Tan T. Using polyaspartic acid hydro-gel as water retaining agent and its effect on plants under drought stress. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 23:654-9. [PMID: 27579017 PMCID: PMC4992103 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyaspartic acid (PASP) hydrogel is an important and widely applied water-retaining agent, thanks to its special space network structure which contains a carboxyl group attached on the side chain. In this study, the PASP hydrogel with high water absorption rate (300–350 g H2O/g hydrogel) was developed and adopted to transplant Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings in the ecological restoration project of Mount Daqing National Nature Reserve. Transplantation experiments showed that the survival rate and leaf water content index for X. sorbifolia seedlings were increased by 8–12% and 4–16%, respectively. Additionally, compared with the counterpart without PASP hydrogel, the value of chlorophyll fluorescence that was considered as one of the most important indicators of plant physiology, was significantly improved with the addition of PASP hydrogel. The PASP hydrogel displays a promising future for the applications of increasing the survival rate and simultaneously alleviating the drought stress effects on the pioneer plants in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyuan Yang
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Cao
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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