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Chen M, Dai S, Chen D, Zhu P, Feng N, Zheng D. Comparative Analysis Highlights Uniconazole's Efficacy in Enhancing the Cold Stress Tolerance of Mung Beans by Targeting Photosynthetic Pathways. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1885. [PMID: 39065416 PMCID: PMC11280120 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) and mung bean (Vigna radiata) are key legumes with global importance, but their mechanisms for coping with cold stress-a major challenge in agriculture-have not been thoroughly investigated, especially in a comparative study. This research aimed to fill this gap by examining how these two major legumes respond differently to cold stress and exploring the role of uniconazole, a potential stress mitigator. Our comprehensive approach involved transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, revealing distinct responses between soybean and mung bean under cold stress conditions. Notably, uniconazole was found to significantly enhance cold tolerance in mung bean by upregulating genes associated with photosynthesis, while its impact on soybean was either negligible or adverse. To further understand the molecular interactions, we utilized advanced machine learning algorithms for protein structure prediction, focusing on photosynthetic pathways. This enabled us to identify LOC106780309 as a direct binding target for uniconazole, confirmed through isothermal titration calorimetry. This research establishes a new comparative approach to explore how soybean and mung bean adapt to cold stress, offers key insights to improve the hardiness of legumes against environmental challenges, and contributes to sustainable agricultural practices and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (S.D.); (D.C.); (P.Z.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Shuangfeng Dai
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (S.D.); (D.C.); (P.Z.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Daming Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (S.D.); (D.C.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peiyi Zhu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (S.D.); (D.C.); (P.Z.)
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (S.D.); (D.C.); (P.Z.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (S.D.); (D.C.); (P.Z.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
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2
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Islam MR, Sarker U, Azam MG, Hossain J, Alam MA, Ullah R, Bari A, Hossain N, El Sabagh A, Islam MS. Potassium augments growth, yield, nutrient content, and drought tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek.). Sci Rep 2024; 14:9378. [PMID: 38654029 PMCID: PMC11039697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Uneven rainfall and high temperature cause drought in tropical and subtropical regions which is a major challenge to cultivating summer mung bean. Potassium (K), a major essential nutrient of plants can alleviate water stress (WS) tolerance in plants. A field trial was executed under a rainout shelter with additional K fertilization including recommended K fertilizer (RKF) for relieving the harmful impact of drought in response to water use efficiency (WUE), growth, yield attributes, nutrient content, and yield of mung bean at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishwardi, Pabna in two successive summer season of 2018 and 2019. Drought-tolerant genotype BMX-08010-2 (G1) and drought-susceptible cultivar BARI Mung-1 (G2) were grown by applying seven K fertilizer levels (KL) using a split-plot design with three replications, where mung bean genotypes were allotted in the main plots, and KL were assigned randomly in the sub-plots. A considerable variation was observed in the measured variables. Depending on the different applied KL and seed yield of mung bean, the water use efficiency (WUE) varied from 4.73 to 8.14 kg ha-1 mm-1. The treatment applying 125% more K with RKF (KL7) under WS gave the maximum WUE (8.14 kg ha-1 mm-1) obtaining a seed yield of 1093.60 kg ha-1. The treatment receiving only RKF under WS (KL2) provided the minimum WUE (4.73 kg ha-1 mm-1) attaining a seed yield of 825.17 kg ha-1. Results showed that various characteristics including nutrients (N, P, K, and S) content in stover and seed, total dry matter (TDM) in different growth stages, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), root volume (RV), root density (RD), plant height, pod plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1, seed weight, and seed yield in all pickings increased with increasing K levels, particularly noted with KL7. The highest grain yield (32.52%) was also obtained from KL7 compared to lower K with RKF. Overall, yield varied from 1410.37 kg ha-1 using 281 mm water (KL1; well-watered condition with RKF) to 825.17 kg ha-1 using 175 mm water (KL2). The results exhibited that the application of additional K improves the performance of all traits under WS conditions. Therefore, mung beans cultivating under WS requires additional K to diminish the negative effect of drought, and adequate use of K contributes to accomplishing sustainable productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Agronomy Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Ishwardi, Pabna, 6620, Bangladesh
| | - Umakanta Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Jamil Hossain
- Pulses Research Centre, BARI, Ishwardi, Pabna, 6620, Bangladesh
| | | | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazmul Hossain
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33156, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Sohidul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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3
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Van Haeften S, Kang Y, Dudley C, Potgieter A, Robinson H, Dinglasan E, Wenham K, Noble T, Kelly L, Douglas CA, Hickey L, Smith MR. Fusarium wilt constrains mungbean yield due to reduction in source availability. AOB PLANTS 2024; 16:plae021. [PMID: 38650718 PMCID: PMC11034375 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mungbean is an important source of plant protein for consumers and a high-value export crop for growers across Asia, Australia and Africa. However, many commercial cultivars are highly vulnerable to biotic stresses, which rapidly reduce yield within the season. Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne pathogen that is a growing concern for mungbean growers globally. This pathogen causes Fusarium wilt by infecting the root system of the plant resulting in devastating yield reductions. To understand the impact of Fusarium on mungbean development and productivity and to identify tolerant genotypes, a panel of 23 diverse accessions was studied. Field trials conducted in 2016 and 2021 in Warwick, Queensland, Australia under rainfed conditions investigated the variation in phenology, canopy and yield component traits under disease and disease-free conditions. Analyses revealed a high degree of genetic variation for all traits. By comparing the performance of these traits across these two environments, we identified key traits that underpin yield under disease and disease-free conditions. Aboveground biomass components at 50 % flowering were identified as significant drivers of yield development under disease-free conditions and when impacted by Fusarium resulted in up to 96 % yield reduction. Additionally, eight genotypes were identified to be tolerant to Fusarium. These genotypes were found to display differing phenological and morphological behaviours, thereby demonstrating the potential to breed tolerant lines with a range of diverse trait variations. The identification of tolerant genotypes that sustain yield under disease pressure may be exploited in crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanice Van Haeften
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Yichen Kang
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Caitlin Dudley
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Andries Potgieter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Hannah Robinson
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Eric Dinglasan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Kylie Wenham
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Thomas Noble
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Queensland, QLD 4370, Australia
| | - Lisa Kelly
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Queensland, QLD 4370, Australia
| | - Colin A Douglas
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Queensland, QLD 4370, Australia
| | - Lee Hickey
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Millicent R Smith
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, QLD 4067, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, QLD 4343, Australia
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4
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Zhou Y, Liu H, Wu T, Zheng Y, Wang R, Xue D, Yan Q, Yuan X, Chen X. Screening of Reference Genes under Biotic Stress and Hormone Treatment of Mung Bean ( Vigna radiata) by Quantitative Real-Time PCR. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1739. [PMID: 37761879 PMCID: PMC10530681 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mung bean (Vigna radiata) production has been greatly threatened by numerous diseases. Infection with these pathogens causes extensive changes in gene expression and the activation of hormone signal transduction. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is the most common technique used for gene expression validation. Screening proper reference genes for mung bean under pathogen infection and hormone treatment is a prerequisite for ensuring the accuracy of qRT-PCR data in mung bean disease-resistance research. In this study, six candidate reference genes (Cons4, ACT, TUA, TUB, GAPDH, and EF1α) were selected to evaluate the expression stability under four soil-borne disease pathogens (Pythium myriotylum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani) and five hormone treatments (SA, MeJA, ETH, ABA, and GA3). In the samples from different treatments, the Ct value distribution of the six candidate reference genes was different. Under the condition of hormone treatment, the Ct value ranged from a minimum of 17.87 for EF1α to a maximum of 29.63 for GAPDH. Under the condition of pathogen infection, the Ct value ranged from a minimum of 19.43 for EF1α to a maximum of 31.82 for GAPDH. After primer specificity analysis, it was found that GAPDH was not specific, so the five reference genes Cons4, ACT, TUA, TUB, and EF1α were used in subsequent experiments. The software products GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and RefFinder were used for qRT-PCR data analysis. In general, the best candidates reference genes were: TUA for SA, ABA, GA3, and Pythium myriotylum treatment; TUB for ETH treatment; ACT for MeJA and Fusarium oxysporum treatment; and EF1α for Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani treatment. The most stably expressed genes in all samples were TUA, while Cons4 was the least stable reference gene. Finally, the reliability of the reference gene was further validated by analysis of the expression profiles of four mung bean genes (Vradi0146s00260, Vradi0158s00480, Vradi07g23860, and Vradi11g03350) selected from transcriptome data. Our results provide more accurate information for the normalization of qRT-PCR data in mung bean response to pathogen interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (H.L.)
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (H.L.)
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (H.L.)
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (H.L.)
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (H.L.)
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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5
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Azam MG, Hossain MA, Sarker U, Alam AKMM, Nair RM, Roychowdhury R, Ercisli S, Golokhvast KS. Genetic Analyses of Mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Breeding Traits for Selecting Superior Genotype(s) Using Multivariate and Multi-Traits Indexing Approaches. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1984. [PMID: 37653901 PMCID: PMC10223993 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is an important food, feed, and cash crop in rice-based agricultural ecosystems in Southeast Asia and other continents. It has the potential to enhance livelihoods due to its palatability, nutritional content, and digestibility. We evaluated 166 diverse mungbean genotypes in two seasons using multivariate and multi-traits index approaches to identify superior genotypes. The total Shannon diversity index (SDI) for qualitative traits ranged from moderate for terminal leaflet shape (0.592) to high for seed colour (1.279). The analysis of variances (ANOVA) indicated a highly significant difference across the genotypes for most of the studied traits. Descriptive analyses showed high diversity among genotypes for all morphological traits. Six components with eigen values larger than one contributed 76.50% of the variability in the principal component analysis (PCA). The first three PCs accounted for the maximum 29.90%, 15.70%, and 11.20% of the total variances, respectively. Yield per plant, pod weight, hundred seed weight, pod length, days to maturity, pods per plant, harvest index, biological yield per plant, and pod per cluster contributed more to PC1 and PC2 and showed a positive association and positive direct effect on seed yield. The genotypes were grouped into seven clusters with the maximum in cluster II (34) and the minimum in cluster VII (10) along with a range of intra-cluster and inter-cluster distances of 5.15 (cluster II) to 3.60 (cluster VII) and 9.53 (between clusters II and VI) to 4.88 (clusters I and VII), suggesting extreme divergence and the possibility for use in hybridization and selection. Cluster III showed the highest yield and yield-related traits. Yield per plant positively and significantly correlated with pod traits and hundred seed weight. Depending on the multi-trait stability index (MTSI), clusters I, III, and VII might be utilized as parents in the hybridization program to generate high-yielding, disease-resistant, and small-seeded mungbean. Based on all multivariate-approaches, G45, G5, G22, G55, G143, G144, G87, G138, G110, G133, and G120 may be considered as the best parents for further breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Azam
- Pulses Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna 6620, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Amir Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Umakanta Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - A. K. M. Mahabubul Alam
- Pulses Research Sub-Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rajib Roychowdhury
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati Central University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
- HGF Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Kirill S. Golokhvast
- Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology RAS, 2b Centralnaya Street, Krasnoobsk 630501, Russia
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Sinha MK, Aski MS, Mishra GP, Kumar MBA, Yadav PS, Tokas JP, Gupta S, Pratap A, Kumar S, Nair RM, Schafleitner R, Dikshit HK. Genome wide association analysis for grain micronutrients and anti-nutritional traits in mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] using SNP markers. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1099004. [PMID: 36824166 PMCID: PMC9941709 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1099004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mungbean is an important food grain legume for human nutrition and nutritional food due to its nutrient-dense seed, liked palatability, and high digestibility. However, anti-nutritional factors pose a significant risk to improving nutritional quality for bio-fortification. In the present study, genetic architecture of grain micronutrients (grain iron and zinc concentration) and anti-nutritional factors (grain phytic acid and tannin content) in association mapping panel of 145 diverse mungbean were evaluated. Based on all four parameters genotypes PUSA 1333 and IPM 02-19 were observed as desired genotypes as they had high grain iron and zinc concentration but low grain phytic acid and tannin content. The next generation sequencing (NGS)-based genotyping by sequencing (GBS) identified 14,447 genome-wide SNPs in a diverse selected panel of 127 mungbean genotypes. Population admixture analysis revealed the presence of four different ancestries among the genotypes and LD decay of ∼57.6 kb kb physical distance was noted in mungbean chromosomes. Association mapping analysis revealed that a total of 20 significant SNPs were shared by both GLM and Blink models associated with grain micronutrient and anti-nutritional factor traits, with Blink model identifying 35 putative SNPs. Further, this study identified the 185 putative candidate genes. Including potential candidate genes Vradi07g30190, Vradi01g09630, and Vradi09g05450 were found to be associated with grain iron concentration, Vradi10g04830 with grain zinc concentration, Vradi08g09870 and Vradi01g11110 with grain phytic acid content and Vradi04g11580 and Vradi06g15090 with grain tannin content. Moreover, two genes Vradi07g15310 and Vradi09g05480 showed significant variation in protein structure between native and mutated versions. The identified SNPs and candidate genes are potential powerful tools to provide the essential information for genetic studies and marker-assisted breeding program for nutritional improvement in mungbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Kumar Sinha
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Council of Agricultural Research– Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar S. Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Council of Agricultural Research– Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India,*Correspondence: Muraleedhar S. Aski,
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Council of Agricultural Research– Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India,Gyan Prakash Mishra,
| | - M. B. Arun Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Prachi S. Yadav
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Council of Agricultural Research– Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayanti P. Tokas
- Division of Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Krishi Bhavan, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Pratap
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR – Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR - Indian Council of Agricultural Research– Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India,Harsh Kumar Dikshit,
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Bavykina M, Kostina N, Lee CR, Schafleitner R, Bishop-von Wettberg E, Nuzhdin SV, Samsonova M, Gursky V, Kozlov K. Modeling of Flowering Time in Vigna radiata with Artificial Image Objects, Convolutional Neural Network and Random Forest. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3327. [PMID: 36501364 PMCID: PMC9738219 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time is an important target for breeders in developing new varieties adapted to changing conditions. In this work, a new approach is proposed in which the SNP markers influencing time to flowering in mung bean are selected as important features in a random forest model. The genotypic and weather data are encoded in artificial image objects, and a model for flowering time prediction is constructed as a convolutional neural network. The model uses weather data for only a limited time period of 5 days before and 20 days after planting and is capable of predicting the time to flowering with high accuracy. The most important factors for model solution were identified using saliency maps and a Score-CAM method. Our approach can help breeding programs harness genotypic and phenotypic diversity to more effectively produce varieties with a desired flowering time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bavykina
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Kostina
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Cheng-Ruei Lee
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | | | - Eric Bishop-von Wettberg
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Gund Institute for the Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Sergey V. Nuzhdin
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Program Molecular and Computation Biology, University of California, Los-Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Maria Samsonova
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vitaly Gursky
- Theoretical Department, Ioffe Institute, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin Kozlov
- Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Zhang H, Mascher M, Abbo S, Jayakodi M. Advancing Grain Legumes Domestication and Evolution Studies with Genomics. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:1540-1553. [PMID: 35534441 PMCID: PMC9680859 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Grain legumes were domesticated in parallel with cereals in several regions of the world and formed the economic basis of early farming cultures. Since then, legumes have played a vital role in human and animal diets and in fostering agrobiodiversity. Increasing grain legume cultivation will be crucial to safeguard nutritional security and the resilience of agricultural ecosystems across the globe. A better understanding of the molecular underpinnings of domestication and crop evolution of grain legumes may be translated into practical approaches in modern breeding programs to stabilize yield, which is threatened by evolving pathogens and changing climates. During recent decades, domestication research in all crops has greatly benefited from the fast progress in genomic technologies. Yet still, many questions surrounding the domestication and diversification of legumes remain unanswered. In this review, we assess the potential of genomic approaches in grain legume research. We describe the centers of origin and the crucial domestication traits of grain legumes. In addition, we survey the effect of domestication on both above-ground and below-ground traits that have economic importance. Finally, we discuss open questions in grain legume domestication and diversification and outline how to bridge the gap between the preservation of historic crop diversity and their utilization in modern plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhang
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, Gatersleben, Seeland 06466, Germany
| | - Martin Mascher
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, Gatersleben, Seeland 06466, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Shahal Abbo
- The Levi Eshkol School of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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9
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Han X, Li L, Chen H, Liu L, Sun L, Wang X, Xiang Y, Wan Z, Liu C. Resequencing of 558 Chinese mungbean landraces identifies genetic loci associated with key agronomic traits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1043784. [PMID: 36311125 PMCID: PMC9597495 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1043784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean is a warm-season annual food legume and plays important role in supplying food and nutritional security in many tropical countries. However, the genetic basis of its agronomic traits remains poorly understood. Therefore, we resequenced 558 Chinese mungbean landraces and produced a comprehensive map of mungbean genomic variation. We phenotyped all landraces in six different environments. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) produced 110 signals significantly associated with nine agronomic traits, for which several candidate genes were identified. Overall, this study provides new insight into the genetic architecture of mungbean agronomic traits. Moreover, the genome-wide variations identified here should be valuable resources for future breeding studies of this important food legume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Han
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangjun Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Longqin Sun
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingmin Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Yantao Xiang
- College of Agronomy, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhenghuang Wan
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Changyan Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
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10
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Parihar AK, Gupta S, Hazra KK, Lamichaney A, Sen Gupta D, Singh D, Kumar R, Singh AK, Vaishnavi R, Jaberson MS, Das SP, Dev J, Yadav RK, Jamwal BS, Choudhary BR, Khedar OP, Prakash V, Dikshit HK, Panwar RK, Katiyar M, Kumar P, Mahto CS, Borah HK, Singh MN, Das A, Patil AN, Nanda HC, Kumar V, Rajput SD, Chauhan DA, Patel MH, Kanwar RR, Kumar J, Mishra SP, Kumar H, Swarup I, Mogali S, Kumaresan D, Manivannan N, Gowda MB, Pandiyan M, Rao PJ, Shivani D, Prusti AM, Mahadevu P, Iyanar K, Das S. Multi-location evaluation of mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.) in Indian climates: Ecophenological dynamics, yield relation, and characterization of locations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:984912. [PMID: 36204050 PMCID: PMC9530336 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.984912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Crop yield varies considerably within agroecology depending on the genetic potential of crop cultivars and various edaphic and climatic variables. Understanding site-specific changes in crop yield and genotype × environment interaction are crucial and needs exceptional consideration in strategic breeding programs. Further, genotypic response to diverse agro-ecologies offers identification of strategic locations for evaluating traits of interest to strengthen and accelerate the national variety release program. In this study, multi-location field trial data have been used to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on crop phenological dynamics and their influence on the yield of mungbean in different agroecological regions of the Indian subcontinent. The present attempt is also intended to identify the strategic location(s) favoring higher yield and distinctiveness within mungbean genotypes. In the field trial, a total of 34 different mungbean genotypes were grown in 39 locations covering the north hill zone (n = 4), northeastern plain zone (n = 6), northwestern plain zone (n = 7), central zone (n = 11) and south zone (n = 11). The results revealed that the effect of the environment was prominent on both the phenological dynamics and productivity of the mungbean. Noticeable variations (expressed as coefficient of variation) were observed for the parameters of days to 50% flowering (13%), days to maturity (12%), reproductive period (21%), grain yield (33%), and 1000-grain weight (14%) across the environments. The genotype, environment, and genotype × environment accounted for 3.0, 54.2, and 29.7% of the total variation in mungbean yield, respectively (p < 0.001), suggesting an oversized significance of site-specific responses of the genotypes. Results demonstrated that a lower ambient temperature extended both flowering time and the crop period. Linear mixed model results revealed that the changes in phenological events (days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, and reproductive period) with response to contrasting environments had no direct influence on crop yields (p > 0.05) for all the genotypes except PM 14-11. Results revealed that the south zone environment initiated early flowering and an extended reproductive period, thus sustaining yield with good seed size. While in low rainfall areas viz., Sriganganagar, New Delhi, Durgapura, and Sagar, the yield was comparatively low irrespective of genotypes. Correlation results and PCA indicated that rainfall during the crop season and relative humidity significantly and positively influenced grain yield. Hence, the present study suggests that the yield potential of mungbean is independent of crop phenological dynamics; rather, climatic variables like rainfall and relative humidity have considerable influence on yield. Further, HA-GGE biplot analysis identified Sagar, New Delhi, Sriganganagar, Durgapura, Warangal, Srinagar, Kanpur, and Mohanpur as the ideal testing environments, which demonstrated high efficiency in the selection of new genotypes with wider adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, India
| | - Kali K. Hazra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | | | | | - Deepak Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Raju Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil K. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
| | - Rakesh Vaishnavi
- Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), Srinagar, India
| | | | - Sankar P. Das
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hilly Region, Agartala, India
| | - Jai Dev
- Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, India
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - B. S. Jamwal
- Pulses Research Sub-Station, SKUAST-Jammu, Srinagar, India
| | | | - O. P. Khedar
- Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Jaipur, India
| | | | | | - R. K. Panwar
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Manoj Katiyar
- Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, India
| | - C. S. Mahto
- Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, India
| | - H. K. Borah
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Shillongani, India
| | - M. N. Singh
- Institute of Agricultural Science, BHU, Varanasi, India
| | - Arpita Das
- Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India
| | - A. N. Patil
- Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Pulses Research Unit, Akola, India
| | - H. C. Nanda
- Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Sagar, India
| | | | | | - M. H. Patel
- Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushi Nagar, India
| | - Raja R. Kanwar
- S.G. College of Agriculture and Research Station, Jagdalpur, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Rajmohni Devi College of Agriculture and Research Station, Ambikapur, India
| | - S. P. Mishra
- Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Indu Swarup
- Regional Research Centre on Pulses, College of Agriculture, Indore, India
| | - Suma Mogali
- University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Dharwad, India
| | - D. Kumaresan
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India
| | | | - M. Byre Gowda
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra (GKVK), Bangalore, India
| | | | - Polneni J. Rao
- Regional Agricultural Research Station (PJTSAU), Warangal, India
| | - D. Shivani
- PJTSA-Agricultural Research Station, Madhira, India
| | - A. M. Prusti
- Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - P. Mahadevu
- College of Agriculture, UAS, GKVK, Mandya, India
| | - K. Iyanar
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India
| | - Sujata Das
- Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
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11
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Metabolic and Developmental Changes in Germination Process of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) Sprouts under Different Water Spraying Interval and Duration. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6256310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mung bean is one of the world’s most important legume crops and is a major protein source, particularly in developing countries. Various polyphenolic compounds and nutrients accumulate in mung bean sprouts during germination. Mung bean sprouts are consumed globally as an excellent food source of bioactive phenolic compounds. The contents of phenols and flavonoids and antioxidant activity were monitored for four days after germination under four different spraying conditions using three mung bean cultivars. On the third day after germination, the sprout extract showed the highest antioxidant capacity. The length and thickness of hypocotyl of mung bean sprouts appeared to be the most suitable for consumption on the third day after germination. Using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, eight phytochemicals were identified, and neochlorogenic acid was identified for the first time in mung bean sprouts. End products (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, vitexin, and isovitexin) showed certain trends in their contents for four days, while intermediates (caffeic acid, catechin, syringic acid, and p-coumaric acid) were highly responsive to watering condition and cultivars. Watering interval significantly affected the length of root and lateral root development. Both cultivars and watering conditions and/or their interaction significantly affected the biochemical and physical traits of mung bean sprouts. The results suggest that watering conditions need to be considered as an important factor to improve food quality of mung bean sprouts. Our phenotypic and metabolic profiling would provide potential information for production of mung bean sprouts that fit consumers’ preferences.
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12
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Somta P, Laosatit K, Yuan X, Chen X. Thirty Years of Mungbean Genome Research: Where Do We Stand and What Have We Learned? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:944721. [PMID: 35909762 PMCID: PMC9335052 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.944721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean is a socioeconomically important legume crop in Asia that is currently in high demand by consumers and industries both as dried beans and in plant-based protein foods. Marker-assisted and genomics-assisted breeding are promising approaches to efficiently and rapidly develop new cultivars with improved yield, quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although mungbean was at the forefront of research at the dawn of the plant genomics era 30 years ago, the crop is a "slow runner" in genome research due to limited genomic resources, especially DNA markers. Significant progress in mungbean genome research was achieved only within the last 10 years, notably after the release of the VC1973A draft reference genome constructed using next-generation sequencing technology, which enabled fast and efficient DNA marker development, gene mapping, and identification of candidate genes for complex traits. Resistance to biotic stresses has dominated mungbean genome research to date; however, research is on the rise. In this study, we provide an overview of the past progress and current status of mungbean genomics research. We also discuss and evaluate some research results to provide a better understanding of mungbean genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakit Somta
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kularb Laosatit
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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13
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Tariq R, Hussain A, Tariq A, Khalid MHB, Khan I, Basim H, Ingvarsson PK. Genome-wide analyses of the mung bean NAC gene family reveals orthologs, co-expression networking and expression profiling under abiotic and biotic stresses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:343. [PMID: 35836131 PMCID: PMC9284730 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mung bean is a short-duration and essential food crop owing to its cash prominence in Asia. Mung bean seeds are rich in protein, fiber, antioxidants, and phytonutrients. The NAC transcription factors (TFs) family is a large plant-specific family, participating in tissue development regulation and abiotic and biotic stresses. RESULTS In this study, we perform genome-wide comparisons of VrNAC with their homologs from Arabidopsis. We identified 81 NAC transcription factors (TFs) in mung bean genome and named as per their chromosome location. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that VrNACs are broadly distributed in nine groups. Moreover, we identified 20 conserved motifs across the VrNACs highlighting their roles in different biological process. Based on the gene structure of the putative VrNAC and segmental duplication events might be playing a vital role in the expansion of mung bean genome. A comparative phylogenetic analysis of mung bean NAC together with homologs from Arabidopsis allowed us to classify NAC genes into 13 groups, each containing several orthologs and paralogs. Gene ontology (GO) analysis categorized the VrNACs into biological process, cellular components and molecular functions, explaining the functions in different plant physiology processes. A gene co-expression network analysis identified 173 genes involved in the transcriptional network of putative VrNAC genes. We also investigated how miRNAs potentially target VrNACs and shape their interactions with proteins. VrNAC1.4 (Vradi01g03390.1) was targeted by the Vra-miR165 family, including 9 miRNAs. Vra-miR165 contributes to leaf development and drought tolerance. We also performed qRT-PCR on 22 randomly selected VrNAC genes to assess their expression patterns in the NM-98 genotype, widely known for being tolerant to drought and bacterial leaf spot disease. CONCLUSIONS This genome-wide investigation of VrNACs provides a unique resource for further detailed investigations aimed at predicting orthologs functions and what role the play under abiotic and biotic stress, with the ultimate aim to improve mung bean production under diverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezwan Tariq
- Department of Plant Protection, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ammara Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Okara, Punjab, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Tariq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hayder Bin Khalid
- College of agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
- National Research Center of intercropping, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Huseyin Basim
- Department of Plant Protection, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Pär K Ingvarsson
- Linnean Centre for Plan Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
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14
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Vu TTH, Kilian A, Carling J, Lawn RJ. Consensus genetic map and QTLs for morphological and agronomical traits in mungbean using DArT markers. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1277-1295. [PMID: 35910434 PMCID: PMC9334499 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean is an important but understudied food legume compared with other major grain crops. Genetic studies through development of high-through put markers, linkage map construction and QTL analysis can accelerate and improve the efficiency of mining for genes for breeding in this crop. This study used four mungbean F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from crosses of two wild types (ACC 1, ACC 87) and two cultivars (Berken, Kiloga) and DArT markers to construct individual and consensus linkage maps and to identify QTLs associated with 54 traits in mungbean. The number of polymorphic DArT markers identified among the four RIL populations varied from 1062 to 2013. The individual maps covered the lengths of 629.7-883.5 cM, comprising 672-981 DArT markers and 15-19 linkage groups (LG) with average distance between markers of 0.9-1.2 cM. The consensus map had the total length of 795.3 cM, comprising 1539 DArT markers and resolved 11 LGs with an average inter-marker distance of 0.65 cM. Sixty-two QTLs were identified for 39 traits across 10 LGs of the consensus map. Major QTLs were identified for two special traits, late flowering inherited from ACC 1 (6 QTLs, PVE of 11.2-29.9%) and perenniality inherited from ACC 87 (3 QTLs, PVE of 17.4-22.6%) in separate population analysis. Number of congruent QTLs across four mungbean populations and the consensus map was 18 for 13 traits. These results illustrated the high efficiency of DArT marker application in mungbean genetic dissection and suggested the future potential employment of identified QTLs for mungbean improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Hang Vu
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia
- Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Adrzeij Kilian
- Diversity Array Technology Pty. Ltd., Monana St., Bruce, ACT, 2617 Australia
| | - Jason Carling
- Diversity Array Technology Pty. Ltd., Monana St., Bruce, ACT, 2617 Australia
| | - Robert John Lawn
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture, ATSIP, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia
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15
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Vu TTH, Le TTC, Pham TL. Growth responses and differential expression of VrDREB2A gene at different growth stages of mungbean ( Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) under drought stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2447-2458. [PMID: 34924703 PMCID: PMC8639898 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mungbean is an important pulse crop and is predominantly cultivated across Asia. However, its production is hampered by climate change-induced drought stress. Drought affects various morpho-physiological processes associated with growth and molecular functions. This study analyzed growth responses and VrDREB2A gene expression in two mungbean cultivars, DX208 and Tam Thanh Hoa under water deficit at vegetative and flowering stages. Water use and growth characters were evaluated at four time-points (8, 12, 15 and 20-day drought) and 7-day recovery while yield components and yield were recorded after harvesting. Differential expression of VrDREB2A gene was analyzed at four time-points for leaf and root. Plants used up water more quickly at the flowering stage than vegetative stage. The data for plant height, leaf number, above-ground plant biomass and root weight indicated that drought stress significantly repressed mungbean growth, with a reduction relative to the control by 4.0-85%. Yield components and individual yield reduced significantly by 50-60%, with more reduction in drought imposed under the vegetative stage. VrDREB2A expression began to increase on a 12-day drought and was significant in stressed roots on a 20-day drought at the vegetative stage. In contrast, an increase in VrDREB2A expression occurred from 8-day and lasted until a 20-day drought in stressed leave and root at the flowering stage. Overall, the vegetative stage was more sensitive to drought than the flowering stage. A cultivar with less relative reduction in growth and yield related traits and higher VrDREB2A expression was more tolerant to drought. VrDREB2A functioned as an important transcriptional activator and can increase the drought stress tolerance of the mungbean. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01089-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Hang Vu
- Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Tuyet Cham Le
- Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Ly Pham
- Undergraduate Student of Advanced Crop Science Program, Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
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16
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Ha J, Satyawan D, Jeong H, Lee E, Cho KH, Kim MY, Lee SH. A near-complete genome sequence of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) provides key insights into the modern breeding program. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20121. [PMID: 34275211 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.), a fast-growing legume species, is an important source of carbohydrates and proteins in developing countries of Asia. Here, we constructed a near-complete genome sequence of mungbean with a scaffold N50 value of 5.2 Mb and only a 0.4% gap, with a total scaffold size of 475 Mb. We identified several misassembled pseudomolecules (Chr03, Chr04, Chr05, and Chr08) in the previous draft assembly; Chr03, Chr04, and Chr08 were assembled into one chromosome, and Chr05 was broken into two chromosomes in the improved reference genome assembly, thus providing more accurate linkage information to breeders. Additionally, using an ultra-high-resolution linkage map constructed based on resequencing data, we identified several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and the underlying candidate genes affecting synchronous pod maturity (SPM). Mungbean homologs of two soybean ([Glycine max (L.) Merr.] flowering genes, E3 (phytochrome A) and J (early flowering 3), were identified as candidate genes for the QTLs, and the candidate genes for plant height, node number, and SPM showed critical nucleotide substitutions between the reference cultivar and other genotypes (landraces and wild accessions). Based on the analysis of genetic diversity among 276 accessions collected from 23 countries, we identified 36 selective sweep regions and observed that the overall genetic diversity of cultivars decreased to 30% of that in wild accessions postdomestication. The near-complete genome sequence of mungbean represents an important resource for genome-assisted improvement in the mungbean breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Ha
- Dep. of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National Univ., Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Dani Satyawan
- Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD-IAARD), Jl. Tentara Pelajar No. 3A, Bogor, 16111, Indonesia
| | - Haneul Jeong
- Dep. of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National Univ., Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Lee
- Dep. of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National Univ., Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Heum Cho
- Dep. of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National Univ., Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Dep. of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National Univ., Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National Univ., Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Ha Lee
- Dep. of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National Univ., Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National Univ., Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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17
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Ye W, Yang Y, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Tian D, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhou B. InDel marker development and QTL analysis of agronomic traits in mung bean [ Vigna radiate (L.) Wilczek]. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2021; 41:66. [PMID: 37309317 PMCID: PMC10236061 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-021-01233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The stem color of young mung bean is a very useful tool in germplasm identification. Flowering time and plant height (PH) are known to be strongly correlated with crop adaption and yield. However, few studies have focused on elucidating the genetic mechanisms that regulate these five particular traits: young stem color (YSC), days to first flowering (DFF), days to maturity (DM), PH, and nodes on the main stem (NMS). In this study, a genetic linkage map for the F2 population was constructed using 129 InDel markers that were developed based on the sequence variations between parents. A total of 14 QTLs related to YSC, DFF, DM, PH, and NMS were detected. These QTLs were distributed on six chromosomes (1, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 10), which individually accounted for 1.32 to 90.07% of the total phenotypic variation. Using a short and high-density linkage map for the F3 population, six of the seven QTLs which clustered at two intervals on chromosomes 3 and 10 were detected again. Further analysis found that four QTLs between InDel markers R3-15 and R3-19 controlled DFF, DM, PH, and NMS, and each QTL accounted for a large percent of the total phenotypic variation. Analysis of two separated F2:3 lines also found that the phenotype was highly corresponded to its genotype which was between R3-15 and R3-19. Phenotype and genotype analysis for 30 mung bean accessions showed that the major effect QTL qDFF3 was a key regulator for DFF. Using a map-based cloning method, the major effect QTL qYSC4 for YSC was mapped in a 347 Kb interval on chromosome 4. Candidate gene analysis showed that sequence variations and expression level differences existed in the predicted candidate gene between the parents. These results provide a theoretical basis for cloning these QTLs and marker-assisted selection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-021-01233-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Ye
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Yong Yang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Peiran Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Liya Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Dongfeng Tian
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230000 Anhui China
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18
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Yin L, Zhang M, Wu R, Chen X, Liu F, Xing B. Genome-wide analysis of OSCA gene family members in Vigna radiata and their involvement in the osmotic response. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:408. [PMID: 34493199 PMCID: PMC8422765 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mung bean (Vigna radiata) is a warm-season legume crop and belongs to the papilionoid subfamily of the Fabaceae family. China is the leading producer of mung bean in the world. Mung bean has significant economic and health benefits and is a promising species with broad adaptation ability and high tolerance to environmental stresses. OSCA (hyperosmolality-gated calcium-permeable channel) gene family members play an important role in the modulation of hypertonic stress, such as drought and salinity. However, genome-wide analysis of the OSCA gene family has not been conducted in mung bean. RESULTS We identified a total of 13 OSCA genes in the mung bean genome and named them according to their homology with AtOSCAs. All the OSCAs were phylogenetically split into four clades. Phylogenetic relationship and synteny analyses showed that the VrOSCAs in mung bean and soybean shared a relatively conserved evolutionary history. In addition, three duplicated VrOSCA gene pairs were identified, and the duplicated VrOSCAs gene pairs mainly underwent purifying selection pressure during evolution. Protein domain, motif and transmembrane analyses indicated that most of the VrOSCAs shared similar structures with their homologs. The expression pattern showed that except for VrOSCA2.1, the other 12 VrOSCAs were upregulated under treatment with ABA, PEG and NaCl, among which VrOSCA1.4 showed the largest increased expression levels. The duplicated genes VrOSCA2.1/VrOSCA2.2 showed divergent expression, which might have resulted in functionalization during subsequent evolution. The expression profiles under ABA, PEG and NaCl stress revealed a functional divergence of VrOSCA genes, which agreed with the analysis of cis-acting regulatory elements in the promoter regions of VrOSCA genes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the study provided a systematic analysis of the VrOSCA gene family in mung bean. Our results establish an important foundation for functional and evolutionary analysis of VrOSCAs and identify genes for further investigation of their ability to confer abiotic stress tolerance in mung bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yin
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruigang Wu
- School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Chen
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- High Latitude Crops Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Datong, 037008, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolong Xing
- High Latitude Crops Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Datong, 037008, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Chen YM, Chien YY, Chen YK, Liao PQ, Tan CM, Chiu YC, Tai CF, Yang JY. Identification of 16SrII-V Phytoplasma Associated with Mungbean Phyllody Disease in Taiwan. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2290-2294. [PMID: 33591832 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2683-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek), an important legume crop in Asia, is primarily cultivated in the central-southern region of western Taiwan. In 2020, mungbean exhibiting typical phytoplasma-induced disease symptoms such as witches' broom, phyllody, virescence, and proliferation was observed in Yunlin County, Taiwan. Moreover, the seed harvested from diseased plants displayed premature germination. Transmission electron microscopy examination of leaf veins prepared from symptomatic mungbean demonstrated that the occlusion of sieve tubes resulted from the accumulation of phytoplasma-like bodies in sieve elements along with filament-like structures in sieve pores. The association of phytoplasma in symptomatic mungbean was confirmed by PCR analyses of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and immunodominant membrane protein genes. Further analyses of the 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic tree and the iPhyClassifier-based virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism study demonstrated that the phytoplasma-associated mungbean phyllody disease identified in this study belongs to the 16SrII-V subgroup. BLAST analysis and the phylogenetic analysis indicated that the SAP11-like protein identified in mungbean phyllody disease is identical to peanut witches' broom phytoplasma SAP11, which explains the witches' broom phenotype observed in symptomatic mungbean. The results described in this report confirm that the 16SrII-V phytoplasma, a widely distributed phytoplasma associated with peanut witches' broom disease in Taiwan, has also infected mungbean. This is not only the first instance of mungbean phyllody disease found in Taiwan but also the first instance of mungbean phyllody disease caused by 16SrII-V subgroup phytoplasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ming Chen
- Department of Horticulture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yu Chien
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Kun Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Qing Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Choon-Meng Tan
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chiu
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Feng Tai
- Division of Pesticide Application, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yi Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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20
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Lee E, Yang X, Ha J, Kim MY, Park KY, Lee SH. Identification of a Locus Controlling Compound Raceme Inflorescence in Mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek]. Front Genet 2021; 12:642518. [PMID: 33763121 PMCID: PMC7982598 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.642518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] produces a compound raceme inflorescence that branches into secondary inflorescences, which produce flowers. This architecture results in the less-domesticated traits of asynchronous pod maturity and multiple harvest times. This study identified the genetic factors responsible for the compound raceme of mungbean, providing a unique biological opportunity to improve simultaneous flowering. Using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from VC1973A, an elite cultivar with a compound raceme type, and IT208075, a natural mutant with a simple raceme type, a single locus that determined the inflorescence type was identified based on 1:1 segregation ratio in the F8 generation, and designated Comraceme. Linkage map analysis showed Comraceme was located on chromosome 4 within a marker interval spanning 520 kb and containing 64 genes. RILs carrying heterozygous fragments around Comraceme produced compound racemes, indicating this form was dominant to the simple raceme type. Quantitative trait loci related to plant architecture and inflorescence have been identified in genomic regions of soybean syntenic to Comraceme. In IT208075, 15 genes were present as distinct variants not observed in other landrace varieties or wild mungbean. These genes included Vradi04g00002481, a development-related gene encoding a B3 transcriptional factor. The upstream region of Vradi04g00002481 differed between lines producing the simple and compound types of raceme. Expression of Vradi04g00002481 was significantly lower at the early vegetative stage and higher at the early reproductive stage, in IT208075 than in VC1973A. Vradi04g00002481 was therefore likely to determine inflorescence type in mungbean. Although further study is required to determine the functional mechanism, this finding provides valuable genetic information for understanding the architecture of the compound raceme in mungbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xuefei Yang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungmin Ha
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keum Yong Park
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suk-Ha Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Zhang Q, Yan Q, Yuan X, Lin Y, Chen J, Wu R, Xue C, Zhu Y, Chen X. Two polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (VrPGIP) of Vigna radiata confer resistance to bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 258-259:153376. [PMID: 33571892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.) are destructive storage pests of mung beans (Vigna radiata). Bruchids infest mature seeds during storage and in the field causing heavy losses. Bruchid resistance in mung bean has been characterized as a dominant trait controlled by a single gene. Several independent mapping studies showed that the Br locus on chromosome 5 was a key quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in bruchid resistance. Two polygalacturonase-inhibitor protein (PGIP) family genes, VrPGIP1 and VrPGIP2, located in the Br locus may be the primary genes responsible for bruchid resistance in mung bean but no experimental proof is available. We isolated the VrPGIP1 and VrPGIP2 genes from bruchid resistant mung bean cultivar V2802 and purified the proteins by prokaryotic expression. Both VrPGIP1 and VrPGIP2 had polygalacturonase inhibitor activity and both of the PGIP proteins conferred resistance to bruchids in an artificial seed test system. VrPGIPs can inhibit the enzyme activity of polygalacturonase present in males, females and fourth instar larvae of C. maculatus. These results demonstrated that VrPGIP1 and VrPGIP2 play a critical role in bruchid resistance probably through inhibiting polygalacturonase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210095, China; Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China
| | - Yun Lin
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China
| | - Jingbin Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China
| | - Ranran Wu
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China
| | - Chenchen Xue
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China
| | - Yuelin Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No.1, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210095, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, No. 50 Zhongling street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210014, China.
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22
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Shi R, Xu W, Liu T, Cai C, Li S. VrLELP controls flowering time under short-day conditions in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2021; 134:141-149. [PMID: 33084994 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time has a critically important effect on the reproduction of plants, and many components involved in flowering-time regulation have been identified in multiple plant species. However, studies of the flowering-time genes in mungbean (Vigna radiata) have been limited. Here, we characterized a novel mungbean gene, VrLELP, involved in flowering-time regulation in transgenic Arabidopsis. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that VrLELP was localized in the membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus and the nucleus and membrane contained higher signal than cytoplasm, similar to the empty vector control. The expression of VrLELP was higher in leaves and pods and lower in nodule roots relative to other tissues. The expression of VrLELP varied during flower development. The expression of VrLELP also varied during the day, reaching a peak after 12 h of illumination under long-day conditions. In contrast, under short-day conditions, the abundance of VrLELP transcripts changed little throughout the day. In addition, VrLELP delayed flowering time in transgenic Arabidopsis plants by suppressing the expression of the flowering-time genes CO and FT under short-day conditions. However, VrLELP did not affect flowering time under long-day conditions in Arabidopsis. Our study provides essential information for future studies of the molecular mechanisms of the flowering-time regulation system in mungbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxing Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Wenying Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Chunmei Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China.
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23
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Liu C, Zhang Q, Zhu H, Cai C, Li S. Characterization of Mungbean CONSTANS-LIKE Genes and Functional Analysis of CONSTANS-LIKE 2 in the Regulation of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:608603. [PMID: 33613600 PMCID: PMC7890258 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.608603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONSTANS-LIKE (COL) genes play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development, and they have been analyzed in many plant species. However, few studies have examined COL genes in mungbean (Vigna radiata). In this study, we identified and characterized 31 mungbean genes whose proteins contained B-Box domains. Fourteen were designated as VrCOL genes and were distributed on 7 of the 11 mungbean chromosomes. Based on their phylogenetic relationships, VrCOLs were clustered into three groups (I, II, and III), which contained 4, 6, and 4 members, respectively. The gene structures and conserved motifs of the VrCOL genes were analyzed, and two duplicated gene pairs, VrCOL1/VrCOL2 and VrCOL8/VrCOL9, were identified. A total of 82 cis-acting elements were found in the VrCOL promoter regions, and the numbers and types of cis-acting elements in each VrCOL promoter region differed. As a result, the expression patterns of VrCOLs varied in different tissues and throughout the day under long-day and short-day conditions. Among these VrCOL genes, VrCOL2 showed a close phylogenetic relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana CO and displayed daily oscillations in expression under short-day conditions but not long-day conditions. In addition, overexpression of VrCOL2 accelerated flowering in Arabidopsis under short-day conditions by affecting the expression of the flowering time genes AtFT and AtTSF. Our study lays the foundation for further investigation of VrCOL gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunmei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Shuai Li,
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24
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Kumar S, Ayachit G, Sahoo L. Screening of mungbean for drought tolerance and transcriptome profiling between drought-tolerant and susceptible genotype in response to drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 157:229-238. [PMID: 33129069 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean, is a widely cultivated pulse crop in India, experiences severe drought stress during the cultivation period. The mechanism of drought tolerance in mungbean is not well understood. In this presents study we screened 7 widely cultivated mungbean genotypes towards their drought sensitivity at seedling stage and transcriptome sequencing of drought-tolerant and susceptible genotype to understand the drought tolerance mechanism. Our physiological data such as increase in root length, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight, relative water content (RWC), proline content, MDA content and molecular data in terms of quantitative expression of drought stress responsive genes under 3-d drought stress in mungbean suggests that, K851 seems to be most drought tolerant and PDM-139 as drought susceptible genotype. The transcriptomic study between K-851 and PDM-139 revealed 22,882 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were identified under drought stress, and they were mainly mapped to phytohormone signal transduction, carbon metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis. Out of these, 10,235 genes were up-regulated and 12,647 genes were down-regulated. Furthermore, we found that, the DEGs related to, phytohormone signal transduction, carbon metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis and they were more induced in K-851. Our data suggested that, the drought tolerant genotype K-851, scavenges the damage of drought stress by producing more amount of osmolytes, ROS scavengers and sugar biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahai, Guwahati, 781039, India.
| | - Garima Ayachit
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahai, Guwahati, 781039, India.
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25
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Kozlov K, Sokolkova A, Lee CR, Ting CT, Schafleitner R, Bishop-von Wettberg E, Nuzhdin S, Samsonova M. Dynamical climatic model for time to flowering in Vigna radiata. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:202. [PMID: 33050872 PMCID: PMC7556928 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenology data collected recently for about 300 accessions of Vigna radiata (mungbean) is an invaluable resource for investigation of impacts of climatic factors on plant development. RESULTS We developed a new mathematical model that describes the dynamic control of time to flowering by daily values of maximal and minimal temperature, precipitation, day length and solar radiation. We obtained model parameters by adaptation to the available experimental data. The models were validated by cross-validation and used to demonstrate that the phenology of adaptive traits, like flowering time, is strongly predicted not only by local environmental factors but also by plant geographic origin and genotype. CONCLUSIONS Of local environmental factors maximal temperature appeared to be the most critical factor determining how faithfully the model describes the data. The models were applied to forecast time to flowering of accessions grown in Taiwan in future years 2020-2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Kozlov
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya, St.Petersburg, 195251 Russia
| | - Alena Sokolkova
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya, St.Petersburg, 195251 Russia
| | | | | | | | - Eric Bishop-von Wettberg
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, 63 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT, 05405 USA
| | - Sergey Nuzhdin
- Program Molecular and Computation Biology, University of California, University Park, Los-Angeles, CA, 24105 USA
| | - Maria Samsonova
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya, St.Petersburg, 195251 Russia
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26
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Ha J, Shim S, Lee T, Lee E, Yang X, Jeong H, Kim MY, Lee SH. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses of the accumulation of sucrose in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) leaves after pod removal. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2020; 133:2355-2362. [PMID: 32447408 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synchronous pod maturity is critical for increasing grain yield. The candidate genes involved in synchronous pod maturity were identified through RNA-seq and HPLC. Mungbean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek), an important source of carbohydrate and protein in Asia, is characterized by nonsynchronous pod maturity; consequently, harvesting is labor intensive. Because pod maturity is associated with synthesis and remobilization of sucrose, we examined changes in sucrose levels and transcriptome in leaf (source) tissues after pod (sink) removal using two genotypes, VC1973A and V2984; VC1973A had higher synchronicity in pod maturity than V2984. After pod removal, much higher number of pods were produced in V2984 than VC1973A. The sucrose content of leaf tissues significantly decreased in V2984 because it continued to utilize assimilates from leaves for producing new pods, but significantly increased in VC1973A because of the loss of sink. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the number of differentially expressed genes was approximately fourfold higher in VC1973A than in those of V2984 after pod removal. The expression of two paralogous genes (Vradi01g05010 and Vradi10g08240), encoding beta-glucosidase enzymes, significantly decreased in VC1973A after pod removal and was significantly lower in depodded VC1973A than depodded V2984, indicating these two genes may participate in sucrose utilization for seed development by regulating the level of glucose. The results of this study will help elucidate the genetic basis of synchronous pod maturity in mungbean and facilitate the development of new cultivars with synchronous pod maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Ha
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangrea Shim
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eunsoo Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuefei Yang
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneul Jeong
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Ha Lee
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Mishra GP, Dikshit HK, S. V. R, Tripathi K, Kumar RR, Aski M, Singh A, Roy A, Priti, Kumari N, Dasgupta U, Kumar A, Praveen S, Nair RM. Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek): Current Status and Management Opportunities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:918. [PMID: 32670329 PMCID: PMC7327115 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 03/30/2024]
Abstract
Globally, yellow mosaic disease (YMD) remains a major constraint of mungbean production, and management of this deadly disease is still the biggest challenge. Thus, finding ways to manage YMD including development of varieties possessing resistance against mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is a research priority for mungbean crop. Characterization of YMD resistance using various advanced molecular and biochemical approaches during plant-virus interactions has unfolded a comprehensive network of pathogen survival, disease severity, and the response of plants to pathogen attack, including mechanisms of YMD resistance in mungbean. The biggest challenge in YMD management is the effective utilization of an array of information gained so far, in an integrated manner for the development of genotypes having durable resistance against yellow mosaic virus (YMV) infection. In this backdrop, this review summarizes the role of various begomoviruses, its genomic components, and vector whiteflies, including cryptic species in the YMD expression. Also, information about the genetics of YMD in both mungbean and blackgram crops is comprehensively presented, as both the species are crossable, and same viral strains are also found affecting these crops. Also, implications of various management strategies including the use of resistance sources, the primary source of inoculums and vector management, wide-hybridization, mutation breeding, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and pathogen-derived resistance (PDR) are thoroughly discussed. Finally, the prospects of employing various powerful emerging tools like translational genomics, and gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 are also highlighted to complete the YMD management perspective in mungbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan P. Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh K. Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh S. V.
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and PHT, ICAR-Central Plantation, Kasaragod, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Germplasm Evaluation Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjeet R. Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anirban Roy
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Priti
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikki Kumari
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Uttarayan Dasgupta
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Division of Seed Science and Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramakrishnan M. Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
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Wu X, Islam ASMF, Limpot N, Mackasmiel L, Mierzwa J, Cortés AJ, Blair MW. Genome-Wide SNP Identification and Association Mapping for Seed Mineral Concentration in Mung Bean ( Vigna radiata L.). Front Genet 2020; 11:656. [PMID: 32670356 PMCID: PMC7327122 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) quality is dependent on seed chemical composition, which in turn determines the benefits of its consumption for human health and nutrition. While mung bean is rich in a range of nutritional components, such as protein, carbohydrates and vitamins, it remains less well studied than other legume crops in terms of micronutrients. In addition, mung bean genomics and genetic resources are relatively sparse. The objectives of this research were three-fold, namely: to develop a genome-wide marker system for mung bean based on genotyping by sequencing (GBS), to evaluate diversity of mung beans available to breeders in the United States and finally, to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for nutrient concentrations based on a seven mineral analysis using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy. All parts of our research were performed with 95 cultivated mung bean genotypes chosen from the USDA core collection representing accessions from 13 countries. Overall, we identified a total of 6,486 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the GBS dataset and found 43 marker × trait associations (MTAs) with calcium, iron, potassium, manganese, phosphorous, sulfur or zinc concentrations in mung bean grain produced in either of two consecutive years' field experiments. The MTAs were scattered across 35 genomic regions explaining on average 22% of the variation for each seed nutrient in each year. Most of the gene regions provided valuable candidate loci to use in future breeding of new varieties of mung bean and further the understanding of genetic control of nutritional properties in the crop. Other SNPs identified in this study will serve as important resources to enable marker-assisted selection (MAS) for nutritional improvement in mung bean and to analyze cultivars of mung bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Wu
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - A. S. M. Faridul Islam
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Lucas Mackasmiel
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jerzy Mierzwa
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Andrés J. Cortés
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria AGROSAVIA, C.I. La Selva, Rionegro, Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia – Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Matthew W. Blair
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
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29
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Zhang H, Bai R, Wu F, Guo W, Yan Z, Yan Q, Zhang Y, Ma J, Zhang J. Genetic diversity, phylogenetic structure and development of core collections in Melilotus accessions from a Chinese gene bank. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13017. [PMID: 31506537 PMCID: PMC6736865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melilotus is an important forage legume, with high values as feed and medicine, and widely used as green manure, honey plant, and wildlife habitat enhancer. The genetic diversity, structure and subdivision of this forage crop remain unclear, and plant genetic resources are the basis of biodiversity and ecosystem diversity and have attracted increasing attention. In this study, the whole collection of 573 accessions from the National Gene Bank of Forage Germplasm (NGBFG, China) and 48 accessions from the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS, USA) in genus Melilotus were measured with respect to five seed characters: seed length, width, width-to-length ratio, circumference and 100-seed weight. Shannon' genetic diversity index (H') and phenotypic differentiation (Pst) were calculated to better describe the genetic diversity. The ITS and matK sequences were used to construct phylogenetic trees and study the genetic relationships within genus Melilotu. Based on seed morphology and molecular marker data, we preliminarily developed core collections and the sampling rates of M. albus and M. officinalis were determined to be 15% and 25%, respectively. The results obtained here provide preliminary sorting and supplemental information for the Melilotus collections in NGBFG, China, and establish a reference for further genetic breeding and other related projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
| | - Rong Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China
| | - Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China
| | - Jinxing Ma
- National Quality Control & Inspection Centre for Grassland Industry Products, National Animal Husbandry Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P.R. China.
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30
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The potential of the underutilized pulse bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) for nutritional food security. J Food Compost Anal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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31
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Vishnyakova MA, Burlyaeva MO, Samsonova MG. Green gram and black gram: prospects of cultivation and breeding in Russian Federation. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2019. [DOI: 10.18699/vj18.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversifcation of crop production in the Russian Federation could be partly achieved by the introduction and production of minor and underutilized crops. Green gram or mung bean (Vigna radiata(L.) R. Wilczek) and black gram or urd (V. mungo(L.) Hepper) are grain legume crops cultivated in limited areas in the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, green gram occupies about 8.5 % of the world production area under pulses (without soybean). It is cultivated mainly in countries of Southeast Asia, but production is expanding to the entire subtropical belt of the globe. In our country these crops can be successfully grown on irrigation in a number of regions in the southern area of the European part and the Russian Far East, where the temperatures during their vegetation are about 28–30 °C and always above 15 °C. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the world’s experience in breeding improvement of mung bean and urd as crops with promise for cultivation in certain soil and climatic zones of the Russian Federation. The world production, use of these high-protein crops, history and peculiarities of breeding, including in the USSR, are covered. To expand the production of both crops in the Russian Federation, their popularization and development of breeding are required. Basic requirements for modern varieties include resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors which can be introgressed from wild relatives. The great importance of both crops in the Asian countries led to the rapid development of molecular researches there. The genome of black gram has been fully sequenced, the genome of green gram has been partly sequenced. Some genes and QTL of adaptability traits have been marked and mapped in a number of wild species of the genusVigna. The role of wild relatives in the breeding of crops concerned is discussed. In the world genebanks, signifcant genetic resources of mung bean and urd have been accumulated. All this creates prerequisites for the development of marker-assistant and genomic breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Vishnyakova
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)
| | - M. O. Burlyaeva
- Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)
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Nair RM, Pandey AK, War AR, Hanumantharao B, Shwe T, Alam AKMM, Pratap A, Malik SR, Karimi R, Mbeyagala EK, Douglas CA, Rane J, Schafleitner R. Biotic and Abiotic Constraints in Mungbean Production-Progress in Genetic Improvement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1340. [PMID: 31736995 PMCID: PMC6829579 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is an important food and cash legume crop in Asia. Development of short duration varieties has paved the way for the expansion of mungbean into other regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Mungbean productivity is constrained by biotic and abiotic factors. Bruchids, whitefly, thrips, stem fly, aphids, and pod borers are the major insect-pests. The major diseases of mungbean are yellow mosaic, anthracnose, powdery mildew, Cercospora leaf spot, halo blight, bacterial leaf spot, and tan spot. Key abiotic stresses affecting mungbean production are drought, waterlogging, salinity, and heat stress. Mungbean breeding has been critical in developing varieties with resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, but there are many constraints still to address that include the precise and accurate identification of resistance source(s) for some of the traits and the traits conferred by multi genes. Latest technologies in phenotyping, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics could be of great help to understand insect/pathogen-plant, plant-environment interactions and the key components responsible for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. This review discusses current biotic and abiotic constraints in mungbean production and the challenges in genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan M. Nair
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, Hyderabad, India
- *Correspondence: Ramakrishnan M. Nair,
| | | | - Abdul R. War
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Tun Shwe
- Myanmar Department of Agricultural Research, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - AKMM Alam
- Pulses Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Aditya Pratap
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, India
| | | | - Rael Karimi
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Katumani, Kenya
| | - Emmanuel K. Mbeyagala
- National Agricultural Research Organization-National Semi-Arid Resources Research Institute (NARO-NaSARRI), Soroti, Uganda
| | - Colin A. Douglas
- Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, QLD, Australia
| | - Jagadish Rane
- National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, India
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Noble TJ, Tao Y, Mace ES, Williams B, Jordan DR, Douglas CA, Mundree SG. Characterization of Linkage Disequilibrium and Population Structure in a Mungbean Diversity Panel. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 8:2102. [PMID: 29375590 PMCID: PMC5770403 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is an important grain legume globally, providing a high-quality plant protein source largely produced and consumed in South and East Asia. This study aimed to characterize a mungbean diversity panel consisting of 466 cultivated accessions and demonstrate its utility by conducting a pilot genome-wide association study of seed coat color. In addition 16 wild accessions were genotyped for comparison and in total over 22,000 polymorphic genome-wide SNPs were identified and used to analyze the genetic diversity, population structure, linkage disequilibrium (LD) of mungbean. Polymorphism was lower in the cultivated accessions in comparison to the wild accessions, with average polymorphism information content values 0.174, versus 0.305 in wild mungbean. LD decayed in ∼100 kb in cultivated lines, a distance higher than the linkage decay of ∼60 kb estimated in wild mungbean. Four distinct subgroups were identified within the cultivated lines, which broadly corresponded to geographic origin and seed characteristics. In a pilot genome-wide association mapping study of seed coat color, five genomic regions associated were identified, two of which were close to seed coat color genes in other species. This mungbean diversity panel constitutes a valuable resource for genetic dissection of important agronomical traits to accelerate mungbean breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Noble
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yongfu Tao
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Warwick, QLD, Australia
| | - Emma S. Mace
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, QLD, Australia
| | - Brett Williams
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David R. Jordan
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Warwick, QLD, Australia
| | - Colin A. Douglas
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hermitage Research Facility, Warwick, QLD, Australia
| | - Sagadevan G. Mundree
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Huang S, Wang C, Liang J. Genetic resources and genetic transformation in bermudagrass – a review. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1398051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shilian Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Junsong Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Bichemistry, College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, P. R. China
- Department of Garden and Flower, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, P. R. China
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35
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War AR, Murugesan S, Boddepalli VN, Srinivasan R, Nair RM. Mechanism of Resistance in Mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] to bruchids, Callosobruchus spp. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1031. [PMID: 28676807 PMCID: PMC5477293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is an important pulse crop in Asia, and is consumed as dry seeds and as bean sprouts. It is an excellent source of digestible protein. Bruchids [Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) and Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)] are the important pests of mungbean and cause damage in the field and in storage. Bruchid infestation reduces the nutritional and market value of the grain and renders seeds unfit for human consumption, agricultural and commercial uses. These pests are controlled mainly by fumigation with highly toxic chemicals such as carbon disulfide, phosphene, and methyl bromide, or by dusting with several other insecticides, which leave residues on the grain, thus, threatening food safety. Some plant-based extracts have been found useful in controlling bruchids, but are not fully successful due to their short-term activity, rapid degradability, and potentially negative effect on seed germination. Although some wild sources of bruchid resistance in mungbean have been reported, which have been used to develop bruchid- resistant lines, undesirable genetic linkages threaten the proper exploitation of genetic diversity from wild germplasm into commercial cultivars. Further, biotype variation in bruchids has rendered some mungbean lines susceptible that otherwise would have been resistant to the pest. Host plant resistance is a cost-effective and a safe alternative to control bruchids in mungbean and is associated with morphological, biochemical, and molecular traits. These traits affect insect growth and development, thereby, reduce the yield losses by the pests. Understanding the defense mechanisms against insect pests could be utilized in exploiting these traits in crop breeding. This review discusses different traits in mungbean involved in defense against bruchids and their utility in pest management. We also highlight the breeding constraints for developing bruchid-resistant mungbean and how can these constraints be minimized. We further highlight the importance of supporting conventional breeding techniques by molecular techniques such as molecular markers linked to bruchid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul R. War
- World Vegetable Center, South Asia, HyderabadIndia
- *Correspondence: Abdul R. War, ;
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36
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Singh B, Singh N, Thakur S, Kaur A. Ultrasound assisted extraction of polyphenols and their distribution in whole mung bean, hull and cotyledon. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 54:921-932. [PMID: 28303043 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, extraction of polyphenols using different solvents (acetone, ethanol, methanol and water) with ultrasound and conventional method from whole mung bean (WMB), hull and cotyledon was conducted. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), total antioxidant activities (TAA), ferric reducing power (FRP) and DPPH radical scavenging activity were determined. Ultrasound treated extracts exhibited higher TPC, TFC, TAA, FRP and DPPH in different mung bean fractions than CSE. Among the solvents, acetone showed better TPC, TFC, TAA, FRP and DPPH. Hull had significantly higher TPC, TFC, TAA, FRP and DPPH than WMB and cotyledon. Sinapic acid (SA) was the major polyphenol in different fractions. Acetone extract of hull showed high polyphenol content. SA, ferulic acid, catechin, p-coumaric acid, resveratrol, quercetin and luteolin were the major contributors to antioxidant activity of acetone extract. Mung bean hull contained the maximum polyphenols and acetone was observed to be the best extraction medium for polyphenols in combination with ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barinderjit Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India.,Department of Food Engineering, I.K.G. Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab 144603 India
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
| | - Sheetal Thakur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
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37
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Holst-Jensen A, Spilsberg B, Arulandhu AJ, Kok E, Shi J, Zel J. Application of whole genome shotgun sequencing for detection and characterization of genetically modified organisms and derived products. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4595-614. [PMID: 27100228 PMCID: PMC4909802 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9549-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of high-throughput, massive or next-generation sequencing technologies has created a completely new foundation for molecular analyses. Various selective enrichment processes are commonly applied to facilitate detection of predefined (known) targets. Such approaches, however, inevitably introduce a bias and are prone to miss unknown targets. Here we review the application of high-throughput sequencing technologies and the preparation of fit-for-purpose whole genome shotgun sequencing libraries for the detection and characterization of genetically modified and derived products. The potential impact of these new sequencing technologies for the characterization, breeding selection, risk assessment, and traceability of genetically modified organisms and genetically modified products is yet to be fully acknowledged. The published literature is reviewed, and the prospects for future developments and use of the new sequencing technologies for these purposes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Holst-Jensen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevaalsveien 68, P.O. Box 750, Sentrum, 0106, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bjørn Spilsberg
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevaalsveien 68, P.O. Box 750, Sentrum, 0106, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alfred J Arulandhu
- RIKILT, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Kok
- RIKILT, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jana Zel
- National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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38
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Tian X, Li S, Liu Y, Liu X. Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Metabolic and Regulatory Pathways in the Desiccation Tolerance of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata [L.] R. Wilczek). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1921. [PMID: 28066476 PMCID: PMC5174128 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiate L. Wilczek) is an important legume crop for its valuable nutritional and health benefits. Desiccation tolerance (DT) is a capacity of seeds to survive and maintain physiological activities during storage and under stress conditions. Many studies of DT have been reported in other legume crop, such as soybean and Medicago truncatula with little studies in the mungbean. In this study, the transcript profiles of mungbean seeds under different imbibition times were investigated for DT using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). A total of 3210 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found at the key period of DT (3-18 h of imbibition). Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis showed that the terms of "response to stimulus," "transcription regulator," "methylation," and "starch and sucrose metabolism" were enriched for DT. Clustering analysis also showed that many transcription factors (MYB, AP2, and NAC), HSPs, embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, and genes encoding methyltransferase and histone were differentially expressed. Nine of these DEGs were further validated by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Our study extends our knowledge of mungbean transcriptomes and further provides insight into the molecular mechanism of DT as well as new strategies for developing drought-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Tian
- College of Biology, Hunan UniversityChangsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Utilization of Hunan Province, Jishou UniversityJishou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangrong Tian
| | - Sidi Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Utilization of Hunan Province, Jishou UniversityJishou, China
| | - Yisong Liu
- Center of Analytical Service, Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan UniversityChangsha, China
- Xuanming Liu
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