1
|
Rawat SS, Sandhya S, Laxmi A. Complex genetic interaction between glucose sensor HXK1 and E3 SUMO ligase SIZ1 in regulating plant morphogenesis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2341506. [PMID: 38607960 PMCID: PMC11018054 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2341506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Sugar signaling forms the basis of metabolic activities crucial for an organism to perform essential life activities. In plants, sugars like glucose, mediate a wide range of physiological responses ranging from seed germination to cell senescence. This has led to the elucidation of cell signaling pathways involving glucose and its counterparts and the mechanism of how these sugars take control over major hormonal pathways such as auxin, ethylene, abscisic acid and cytokinin in Arabidopsis. Plants use HXK1(Hexokinase) as a glucose sensor to modulate changes in photosynthetic gene expression in response to high glucose levels. Other proteins such as SIZ1, a major SUMO E3 ligase have recently been implicated in controlling sugar responses via transcriptional and translational regulation of a wide array of sugar metabolic genes. Here, we show that these two genes work antagonistically and are epistatic in controlling responsiveness toward high glucose conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shital Sandhya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashverya Laxmi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manjarrez LF, de María N, Vélez MD, Cabezas JA, Mancha JA, Ramos P, Pizarro A, Blanco-Urdillo E, López-Hinojosa M, Cobo-Simón I, Guevara MÁ, Díaz-Sala MC, Cervera MT. Comparative Stem Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Pathways Associated with Drought Tolerance in Maritime Pine Grafts. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9926. [PMID: 39337414 PMCID: PMC11432578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) is a highly valuable Mediterranean conifer. However, recurrent drought events threaten its propagation and conservation. P. pinaster populations exhibit remarkable differences in drought tolerance. To explore these differences, we analyzed stem transcriptional profiles of grafts combining genotypes with contrasting drought responses under well-watered and water-stress regimes. Our analysis underscored that P. pinaster drought tolerance is mainly associated with constitutively expressed genes, which vary based on genotype provenance. However, we identified key genes encoding proteins involved in water stress response, abscisic acid signaling, and growth control including a PHD chromatin regulator, a histone deubiquitinase, the ABI5-binding protein 3, and transcription factors from Myb-related, DOF NAC and LHY families. Additionally, we identified that drought-tolerant rootstock could enhance the drought tolerance of sensitive scions by regulating the accumulation of transcripts involved in carbon mobilization, osmolyte biosynthesis, flavonoid and terpenoid metabolism, and reactive oxygen species scavenging. These included genes encoding galactinol synthase, CBL-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 5, BEL1-like homeodomain protein, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate. Our results revealed several hub genes that could help us to understand the molecular and physiological response to drought of conifers. Based on all the above, grafting with selected drought-tolerant rootstocks is a promising method for propagating elite recalcitrant conifer species, such as P. pinaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Federico Manjarrez
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria de María
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Vélez
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Cabezas
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Mancha
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Ramos
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Pizarro
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Endika Blanco-Urdillo
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam López-Hinojosa
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Cobo-Simón
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Guevara
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Díaz-Sala
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - María Teresa Cervera
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vanderwall M, Gendron JM. HEXOKINASE1 and glucose-6-phosphate fuel plant growth and development. Development 2023; 150:dev202346. [PMID: 37842778 PMCID: PMC10617624 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
As photoautotrophic organisms, plants produce an incredible spectrum of pigments, anti-herbivory compounds, structural materials and energic intermediates. These biosynthetic routes help plants grow, reproduce and mitigate stress. HEXOKINASE1 (HXK1), a metabolic enzyme and glucose sensor, catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexoses, a key introductory step for many of these pathways. However, previous studies have largely focused on the glucose sensing and signaling functions of HXK1, and the importance of the enzyme's catalytic function is only recently being connected to plant development. In this brief Spotlight, we describe the developmental significance of plant HXK1 and its role in plant metabolic pathways, specifically in glucose-6-phosphate production. Furthermore, we describe the emerging connections between metabolism and development and suggest that HXK1 signaling and catalytic activity regulate discrete areas of plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Vanderwall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Joshua M. Gendron
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Zhong Z, Xiong Y. Sailing in complex nutrient signaling networks: Where I am, where to go, and how to go? MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1635-1660. [PMID: 37740490 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
To ensure survival and promote growth, sessile plants have developed intricate internal signaling networks tailored in diverse cells and organs with both shared and specialized functions that respond to various internal and external cues. A fascinating question arises: how can a plant cell or organ diagnose the spatial and temporal information it is experiencing to know "where I am," and then is able to make the accurate specific responses to decide "where to go" and "how to go," despite the absence of neuronal systems found in mammals. Drawing inspiration from recent comprehensive investigations into diverse nutrient signaling pathways in plants, this review focuses on the interactive nutrient signaling networks mediated by various nutrient sensors and transducers. We assess and illustrate examples of how cells and organs exhibit specific responses to changing spatial and temporal information within these interactive plant nutrient networks. In addition, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which plants employ posttranslational modification codes to integrate different upstream nutrient signals, thereby conferring response specificities to the signaling hub proteins. Furthermore, we discuss recent breakthrough studies that demonstrate the potential of modulating nutrient sensing and signaling as promising strategies to enhance crop yield, even with reduced fertilizer application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Synthetic Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhaochen Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Synthetic Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Synthetic Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brenya E, Dutta E, Herron B, Walden LH, Roberts DM, Binder BM. Ethylene-mediated metabolic priming increases photosynthesis and metabolism to enhance plant growth and stress tolerance. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad216. [PMID: 37469928 PMCID: PMC10353721 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing crop yields is a major challenge because of an increasing human population, climate change, and reduction in arable land. Here, we demonstrate that long-lasting growth enhancement and increased stress tolerance occur by pretreatment of dark grown Arabidopsis seedlings with ethylene before transitioning into light. Plants treated this way had longer primary roots, more and longer lateral roots, and larger aerial tissue and were more tolerant to high temperature, salt, and recovery from hypoxia stress. We attributed the increase in plant growth and stress tolerance to ethylene-induced photosynthetic-derived sugars because ethylene pretreatment caused a 23% increase in carbon assimilation and increased the levels of glucose (266%), sucrose/trehalose (446%), and starch (87%). Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses several days posttreatment showed a significant increase in metabolic processes and gene transcripts implicated in cell division, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Because of this large effect on metabolism, we term this "ethylene-mediated metabolic priming." Reducing photosynthesis with inhibitors or mutants prevented the growth enhancement, but this was partially rescued by exogenous sucrose, implicating sugars in this growth phenomenon. Additionally, ethylene pretreatment increased the levels of CINV1 and CINV2 encoding invertases that hydrolyze sucrose, and cinv1;cinv2 mutants did not respond to ethylene pretreatment with increased growth indicating increased sucrose breakdown is critical for this trait. A model is proposed where ethylene-mediated metabolic priming causes long-term increases in photosynthesis and carbohydrate utilization to increase growth. These responses may be part of the natural development of seedlings as they navigate through the soil to emerge into light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Brenya
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Esha Dutta
- Genome Science and Technology Program, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Brittani Herron
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Lauren H Walden
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Daniel M Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Genome Science and Technology Program, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yan C, Yang T, Wang B, Yang H, Wang J, Yu Q. Genome-Wide Identification of the WD40 Gene Family in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1273. [PMID: 37372453 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
WD40 proteins are a superfamily of regulatory proteins widely found in eukaryotes that play an important role in regulating plant growth and development. However, the systematic identification and characterization of WD40 proteins in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) have not been reported. In the present study, we identified 207 WD40 genes in the tomatoes genome and analyzed their chromosomal location, gene structure and evolutionary relationships. A total of 207 tomato WD40 genes were classified by structural domain and phylogenetic tree analyses into five clusters and 12 subfamilies and were found to be unevenly distributed across the 12 tomato chromosomes. We identified six tandem duplication gene pairs and 24 segmental duplication pairs in the WD40 gene family, with segmental duplication being the major mode of expansion in tomatoes. Ka/Ks analysis revealed that paralogs and orthologs of WD40 family genes underwent mainly purifying selection during the evolutionary process. RNA-seq data from different tissues and developmental periods of tomato fruit development showed tissue-specific expression of WD40 genes. In addition, we constructed four coexpression networks according to the transcriptome and metabolome data for WD40 proteins involved in fruit development that may be related to total soluble solid formation. The results provide a comprehensive overview of the tomato WD40 gene family and will provide valuable information for the validation of the function of tomato WD40 genes in fruit development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunyao Yan
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi 830000, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi 830000, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi 830000, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi 830000, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi 830000, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Qinghui Yu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi 830000, China
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830000, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bao QX, Mu XR, Tong C, Li C, Tao WZ, Zhao ST, Liu YX, Wang WN, Wei YT, Yu FH, Wang JW, Sun ZL, Fan BL, Sun J, Wang C, Loake G, Meng LS. Sugar status in preexisting leaves determines systemic stomatal development within newly developing leaves. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302854120. [PMID: 37276396 PMCID: PMC10268241 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302854120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stomata are pores found in the epidermis of stems or leaves that modulate both plant gas exchange and water/nutrient uptake. The development and function of plant stomata are regulated by a diverse range of environmental cues. However, how carbohydrate status in preexisting leaves might determine systemic stomatal formation within newly developing leaves has remained obscure. The glucose (Glc) sensor HEXOKINASE1 (HXK1) has been reported to decrease the stability of an ethylene/Glc signaling transcriptional regulator, EIN3 (ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3). EIN3 in turn directly represses the expression of SUC2 (sucrose transporter 2), encoding a master transporter of sucrose (Suc). Further, KIN10, a nuclear regulator involved in energy homeostasis, has been reported to repress the transcription factor SPCH (SPEECHLESS), a master regulator of stomatal development. Here, we demonstrate that the Glc status of preexisting leaves determines systemic stomatal development within newly developing leaves by the HXK1-¦EIN3-¦SUC2 module. Further, increasing Glc levels in preexisting leaves results in a HXK1-dependent decrease of EIN3 and increase of SUC2, triggering the perception, amplification and relay of HXK1-dependent Glc signaling and thereby triggering Suc transport from mature to newly developing leaves. The HXK1-¦EIN3-¦SUC2 molecular module thereby drives systemic Suc transport from preexisting leaves to newly developing leaves. Subsequently, increasing Suc levels within newly developing leaves promotes stomatal formation through the established KIN10⟶ SPCH module. Our findings thus show how a carbohydrate signal in preexisting leaves is sensed, amplified and relayed to determine the extent of systemic stomatal development within newly developing leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Xin Bao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rong Mu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Tong
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- Public Technical Service Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan650223, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Zhe Tao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ting Zhao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-xin Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ni Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-ting Wei
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Huan Yu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-wen Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Lan Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-Ling Fan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gary J. Loake
- Jiangsu Normal University–Edinburgh University, Centre for Transformative Biotechnology of Medicinal and Food Plants, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Edinburgh University, EdinburghEH9 3BF, United Kingdom
| | - Lai-Sheng Meng
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221116, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xing Q, Zhou X, Cao Y, Peng J, Zhang W, Wang X, Wu J, Li X, Yan J. The woody plant-degrading pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae effector LtCre1 targets the grapevine sugar-signaling protein VvRHIP1 to suppress host immunity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:2768-2785. [PMID: 36788641 PMCID: PMC10112684 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a causal agent of Botryosphaeria dieback, which seriously threatens grapevine production worldwide. Plant pathogens secrete diverse effectors to suppress host immune responses and promote the progression of infection, but the mechanisms underlying the manipulation of host immunity by L. theobromae effectors are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized LtCre1, which encodes a L. theobromae effector that suppresses BAX-triggered cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana. RNAi-silencing and overexpression of LtCre1 in L. theobromae showed impaired and increased virulence, respectively, and ectopic expression in N. benthamiana increased susceptibility. These results suggest that LtCre1 is as an essential virulence factor for L. theobromae. Protein-protein interaction studies revealed that LtCre1 interacts with grapevine RGS1-HXK1-interacting protein 1 (VvRHIP1). Ectopic overexpression of VvRHIP1 in N. benthamiana reduced infection, suggesting that VvRHIP1 enhances plant immunity against L. theobromae. LtCre1 was found to disrupt the formation of the VvRHIP1-VvRGS1 complex and to participate in regulating the plant sugar-signaling pathway. Thus, our results suggest that L. theobromae LtCre1 targets the grapevine VvRHIP1 protein to manipulate the sugar-signaling pathway by disrupting the association of the VvRHIP1-VvRGS1 complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yang Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Junbo Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xuncheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xinghong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li X, Deng D, Cataltepe G, Román Á, Buckley CR, Cassano Monte‐Bello C, Skirycz A, Caldana C, Haydon MJ. A reactive oxygen species Ca 2+ signalling pathway identified from a chemical screen for modifiers of sugar-activated circadian gene expression. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1027-1041. [PMID: 35842791 PMCID: PMC9804775 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are essential metabolites for energy and anabolism that can also act as signals to regulate plant physiology and development. Experimental tools to disrupt major sugar signalling pathways are limited. We performed a chemical screen for modifiers of activation of circadian gene expression by sugars to discover pharmacological tools to investigate and manipulate plant sugar signalling. Using a library of commercially available bioactive compounds, we identified 75 confident hits that modified the response of a circadian luciferase reporter to sucrose in dark-adapted Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. We validated the transcriptional effect on a subset of the hits and measured their effects on a range of sugar-dependent phenotypes for 13 of these chemicals. Chemicals were identified that appear to influence known and unknown sugar signalling pathways. Pentamidine isethionate was identified as a modifier of a sugar-activated Ca2+ signal that acts as a calmodulin inhibitor downstream of superoxide in a metabolic signalling pathway affecting circadian rhythms, primary metabolism and plant growth. Our data provide a resource of new experimental tools to manipulate plant sugar signalling and identify novel components of these pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Dongjing Deng
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Gizem Cataltepe
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Ángela Román
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | | | | | | | - Camila Caldana
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Michael J. Haydon
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Feng Z, Li L, Tang M, Liu Q, Ji Z, Sun D, Liu G, Zhao S, Huang C, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Yu S. Detection of Stable Elite Haplotypes and Potential Candidate Genes of Boll Weight Across Multiple Environments via GWAS in Upland Cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:929168. [PMID: 35769298 PMCID: PMC9234699 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.929168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Boll weight (BW) is a key determinant of yield component traits in cotton, and understanding the genetic mechanism of BW could contribute to the progress of cotton fiber yield. Although many yield-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for BW have been determined, knowledge of the genes controlling cotton yield remains limited. Here, association mapping based on 25,169 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 2,315 insertions/deletions (InDels) was conducted to identify high-quality QTLs responsible for BW in a global collection of 290 diverse accessions, and BW was measured in nine different environments. A total of 19 significant markers were detected, and 225 candidate genes within a 400 kb region (± 200 kb surrounding each locus) were predicted. Of them, two major QTLs with highly phenotypic variation explanation on chromosomes A08 and D13 were identified among multiple environments. Furthermore, we found that two novel candidate genes (Ghir_A08G009110 and Ghir_D13G023010) were associated with BW and that Ghir_D13G023010 was involved in artificial selection during cotton breeding by population genetic analysis. The transcription level analyses showed that these two genes were significantly differentially expressed between high-BW accession and low-BW accession during the ovule development stage. Thus, these results reveal valuable information for clarifying the genetic basics of the control of BW, which are useful for increasing yield by molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Feng
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Libei Li
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Qibao Liu
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Ji
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongli Sun
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shuqi Zhao
- Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huanggang, China
| | - Chenjue Huang
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guizhi Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shuxun Yu
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Interplay between Arabidopsis thaliana Genotype, Plant Growth and Rhizosphere Colonization by Phytobeneficial Phenazine-Producing Pseudomonas chlororaphis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030660. [PMID: 35336236 PMCID: PMC8950391 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere colonization by phytobeneficial Pseudomonas spp. is pivotal in triggering their positive effects on plant health. Many Pseudomonas spp. Determinants, involved in rhizosphere colonization, have already been deciphered. However, few studies have explored the role played by specific plant genes in rhizosphere colonization by these bacteria. Using isogenic Arabidopsis thaliana mutants, we studied the effect of 20 distinct plant genes on rhizosphere colonization by two phenazine-producing P. chlororaphis strains of biocontrol interest, differing in their colonization abilities: DTR133, a strong rhizosphere colonizer and ToZa7, which displays lower rhizocompetence. The investigated plant mutations were related to root exudation, immunity, and root system architecture. Mutations in smb and shv3, both involved in root architecture, were shown to positively affect rhizosphere colonization by ToZa7, but not DTR133. While these strains were not promoting plant growth in wild-type plants, increased plant biomass was measured in inoculated plants lacking fez, wrky70, cbp60g, pft1 and rlp30, genes mostly involved in plant immunity. These results point to an interplay between plant genotype, plant growth and rhizosphere colonization by phytobeneficial Pseudomonas spp. Some of the studied genes could become targets for plant breeding programs to improve plant-beneficial Pseudomonas rhizocompetence and biocontrol efficiency in the field.
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Nutrients are vital to life through intertwined sensing, signaling, and metabolic processes. Emerging research focuses on how distinct nutrient signaling networks integrate and coordinate gene expression, metabolism, growth, and survival. We review the multifaceted roles of sugars, nitrate, and phosphate as essential plant nutrients in controlling complex molecular and cellular mechanisms of dynamic signaling networks. Key advances in central sugar and energy signaling mechanisms mediated by the evolutionarily conserved master regulators HEXOKINASE1 (HXK1), TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR), and SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE1 (SNRK1) are discussed. Significant progress in primary nitrate sensing, calcium signaling, transcriptome analysis, and root-shoot communication to shape plant biomass and architecture are elaborated. Discoveries on intracellular and extracellular phosphate signaling and the intimate connections with nitrate and sugar signaling are examined. This review highlights the dynamic nutrient, energy, growth, and stress signaling networks that orchestrate systemwide transcriptional, translational, and metabolic reprogramming, modulate growth and developmental programs, and respond to environmental cues. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 37 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA; ,
| | - Kun-Hsiang Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA; , .,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, and Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jen Sheen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA; ,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gong Y, Alassimone J, Varnau R, Sharma N, Cheung LS, Bergmann DC. Tuning self-renewal in the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage by hormone and nutrient regulation of asymmetric cell division. eLife 2021; 10:e63335. [PMID: 33739283 PMCID: PMC8009662 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric and self-renewing divisions build and pattern tissues. In the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage, asymmetric cell divisions, guided by polarly localized cortical proteins, generate most cells on the leaf surface. Systemic and environmental signals modify tissue development, but the mechanisms by which plants incorporate such cues to regulate asymmetric divisions are elusive. In a screen for modulators of cell polarity, we identified CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1, a negative regulator of ethylene signaling. We subsequently revealed antagonistic impacts of ethylene and glucose signaling on the self-renewing capacity of stomatal lineage stem cells. Quantitative analysis of cell polarity and fate dynamics showed that developmental information may be encoded in both the spatial and temporal asymmetries of polarity proteins. These results provide a framework for a mechanistic understanding of how nutritional status and environmental factors tune stem-cell behavior in the stomatal lineage, ultimately enabling flexibility in leaf size and cell-type composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gong
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | | | - Rachel Varnau
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Lily S Cheung
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Dominique C Bergmann
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Novel Regulators of Sugar-Mediated Lateral Root Development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111257. [PMID: 33113878 PMCID: PMC7716218 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral root development is a complex process regulated by numerous factors. An important role for sugar in lateral root development has been known for a while, but the underlying molecular basis still remains unclear. In this study, we first showed that WOX7, a sugar-inducible negative regulator of lateral root development, acts downstream of the glucose sensor HXK1. Using a transgenic line homozygous for a transgene expressing GFP under the control of the WOX7 promoter, we next performed a genetic screen to identify additional genes in this development pathway. A number of mutants with altered level of WOX7 expression were recovered, and two with increased WOX7 expression, named ewe-1 and ewe-2 (for Enhanced WOX7 Expression), were further characterized. Both mutants manifest delayed lateral root development, and genetic analysis indicates that single recessive mutations are responsible for the observed phenotypes. The mutations were then located to similar regions on chromosome 2 by marker-assisted analyses, and candidate genes were identified through whole genome sequencing. The significance and limitations of this work are discussed.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu C, Fan W, Zhu P, Xia Z, Hu J, Zhao A. Mulberry RGS negatively regulates salt stress response and tolerance. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1672512. [PMID: 31559897 PMCID: PMC6866688 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1672512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) protein, the best-characterized accelerating GTPase protein in plants, regulates G-protein signaling and plays important role in abiotic stress tolerance. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of RGS involved in G-protein signaling mediated abiotic stress responses remains unclear. In this study, a mulberry (Morus alba L.) RGS gene (MaRGS) was transformed into tobacco, and the ectopic expression of MaRGS in tobacco decreased the tolerance to salt stress. The transgenic tobacco plants had lower proline content, higher malonaldehyde and H2O2 contents than wild type plants under salt stress condition. Meanwhile, MaRGS overexpression in mulberry seedlings enhances the sensitivity to salt stress and RNAi-silenced expression of MaRGS improves the salt stress response and tolerance. These results suggested that MaRGS negatively regulates salt stress tolerance. Further analysis suggested that D-glucose and autophagy may involve in the response of RGS to salt stress. This study revealed the role of MaRGS in salt stress tolerance and provides a proposed model for RGS regulates G-protein signaling in response to salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Panpan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Aichun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jiao Y, Srba M, Wang J, Chen W. Correlation of Autophagosome Formation with Degradation and Endocytosis Arabidopsis Regulator of G-Protein Signaling (RGS1) through ATG8a. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174190. [PMID: 31461856 PMCID: PMC6747245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Damaged or unwanted cellular proteins are degraded by either autophagy or the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway. In Arabidopsis thaliana, sensing of D-glucose is achieved by the heterotrimeric G protein complex and regulator of G-protein signaling 1 (AtRGS1). Here, we showed that starvation increases proteasome-independent AtRGS1 degradation, and it is correlated with increased autophagic flux. RGS1 promoted the production of autophagosomes and autophagic flux; RGS1-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) was surrounded by vacuolar dye FM4-64 (red fluorescence). RGS1 and autophagosomes co-localized in the root cells of Arabidopsis and BY-2 cells. We demonstrated that the autophagosome marker ATG8a interacts with AtRGS1 and its shorter form with truncation of the seven transmembrane and RGS1 domains in planta. Altogether, our data indicated the correlation of autophagosome formation with degradation and endocytosis of AtRGS1 through ATG8a.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Miroslav Srba
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12844 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jingchun Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pu Y, Walley JW, Shen Z, Lang MG, Briggs SP, Estelle M, Kelley DR. Quantitative Early Auxin Root Proteomics Identifies GAUT10, a Galacturonosyltransferase, as a Novel Regulator of Root Meristem Maintenance. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1157-1170. [PMID: 30918009 PMCID: PMC6553934 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin induces rapid gene expression changes throughout root development. How auxin-induced transcriptional responses relate to changes in protein abundance is not well characterized. This report identifies early auxin responsive proteins in roots at 30 min and 2 h after hormone treatment using a quantitative proteomics approach in which 3,514 proteins were reliably quantified. A comparison of the >100 differentially expressed proteins at each the time point showed limited overlap, suggesting a dynamic and transient response to exogenous auxin. Several proteins with established roles in auxin-mediated root development exhibited altered abundance, providing support for this approach. While novel targeted proteomics assays demonstrate that all six auxin receptors remain stable in response to hormone. Additionally, 15 of the top responsive proteins display root and/or auxin response phenotypes, demonstrating the validity of these differentially expressed proteins. Auxin signaling in roots dictates proteome reprogramming of proteins enriched for several gene ontology terms, including transcription, translation, protein localization, thigmatropism, and cell wall modification. In addition, we identified auxin-regulated proteins that had not previously been implicated in auxin response. For example, genetic studies of the auxin responsive protein galacturonosyltransferase 10 demonstrate that this enzyme plays a key role in root development. Altogether these data complement and extend our understanding of auxin response beyond that provided by transcriptome studies and can be used to uncover novel proteins that may mediate root developmental programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Pu
- From the Departments of ‡Genetics, Development and Cell Biology
| | - Justin W Walley
- ¶Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
| | - Zhouxin Shen
- §Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michelle G Lang
- From the Departments of ‡Genetics, Development and Cell Biology
| | - Steven P Briggs
- §Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mark Estelle
- §Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Dior R Kelley
- From the Departments of ‡Genetics, Development and Cell Biology,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Biswal AK, McConnell EW, Werth EG, Lo SF, Yu SM, Hicks LM, Jones AM. The Nucleotide-Dependent Interactome of Rice Heterotrimeric G-Protein α -Subunit. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800385. [PMID: 30866160 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The rice heterotrimeric G-protein complex, a guanine-nucleotide-dependent on-off switch, mediates vital cellular processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Exchange of bound GDP (resting state) for GTP (active state) is spontaneous in plants including rice and thus there is no need for promoting guanine nucleotide exchange in vivo as a mechanism for regulating the active state of signaling as it is well known for animal G signaling. As such, a master regulator controlling the G-protein activation state is unknown in plants. Therefore, an ab initio approach is taken to discover candidate regulators. The rice Gα subunit (RGA1) is used as bait to screen for nucleotide-dependent protein partners. A total of 264 proteins are identified by tandem mass spectrometry of which 32 were specific to the GDP-bound inactive state and 22 specific to the transition state. Approximately, 10% are validated as previously identified G-protein interactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Kumar Biswal
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Evan Wesley McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Emily Grace Werth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shuen-Fang Lo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Su-May Yu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Leslie M Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alan M Jones
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Janse van Rensburg HC, Van den Ende W, Signorelli S. Autophagy in Plants: Both a Puppet and a Puppet Master of Sugars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:14. [PMID: 30723485 PMCID: PMC6349728 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a major pathway that recycles cellular components in eukaryotic cells both under stressed and non-stressed conditions. Sugars participate both metabolically and as signaling molecules in development and response to various environmental and nutritional conditions. It is therefore essential to maintain metabolic homeostasis of sugars during non-stressed conditions in cells, not only to provide energy, but also to ensure effective signaling when exposed to stress. In both plants and animals, autophagy is activated by the energy sensor SnRK1/AMPK and inhibited by TOR kinase. SnRK1/AMPK and TOR kinases are both important regulators of cellular metabolism and are controlled to a large extent by the availability of sugars and sugar-phosphates in plants whereas in animals AMP/ATP indirectly translate sugar status. In plants, during nutrient and sugar deficiency, SnRK1 is activated, and TOR is inhibited to allow activation of autophagy which in turn recycles cellular components in an attempt to provide stress relief. Autophagy is thus indirectly regulated by the nutrient/sugar status of cells, but also regulates the level of nutrients/sugars by recycling cellular components. In both plants and animals sugars such as trehalose induce autophagy and in animals this is independent of the TOR pathway. The glucose-activated G-protein signaling pathway has also been demonstrated to activate autophagy, although the exact mechanism is not completely clear. This mini-review will focus on the interplay between sugar signaling and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Departamento de Biologiía Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la Repuíblica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tunc‐Ozdemir M, Liao K, Ross‐Elliott TJ, Elston TC, Jones AM. Long-distance communication in Arabidopsis involving a self-activating G protein. PLANT DIRECT 2018; 2:e00037. [PMID: 31245704 PMCID: PMC6508511 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In plant cells, heterotrimeric G protein signaling mediates development, biotic/abiotic stress responsiveness, hormone signaling, and extracellular sugar sensing. The amount of sugar in plant cells fluctuates from nanomolar to high millimolar concentrations over time depending on changes in the light environment. Arabidopsis thaliana Regulator of G Signaling protein 1 (AtRGS1) modulates G protein activation and detects the concentration and the exposure time of sugars. This is called dose-duration reciprocity in sugar sensing and occurs through AtRGS1 internalization which is directly proportional to G protein activation. One source of sugars is from CO 2 fixation by photosynthesis. Through a simple set of experiments, we show that sugars made in cotyledons that are undergoing photomorphogenesis activate G signaling in cells distal to the nascent photosynthesis center. This occurs with sufficient speed to enable distal cells to monitor changes in photosynthetic activity in the leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meral Tunc‐Ozdemir
- Department of BiologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Kang‐Ling Liao
- Department of BiologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | | | - Timothy C. Elston
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Alan M. Jones
- Department of BiologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yan Q, Wang J, Fu ZQ, Chen W. Endocytosis of AtRGS1 Is Regulated by the Autophagy Pathway after D-Glucose Stimulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1229. [PMID: 28747924 PMCID: PMC5506085 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sugar, as a signal molecule, has significant functions in signal transduction in which the seven-transmembrane regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS1) protein participates. D-Glucose causes endocytosis of the AtRGS1, leading to the physical uncoupling of AtRGS1 from AtGPA1 and thus a release of the GAP activity and concomitant sustained activation of G-protein signaling. Autophagy involves in massive degradation and recycling of cytoplasmic components to survive environmental stresses. The function of autophagy in AtRGS1 endocytosis during D-glucose stimulation has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigate the relationship between autophagy and AtRGS1 in response to D-glucose. Our findings demonstrated that AtRGS1 mediated the activation of autophagy by affecting the activities of the five functional groups of protein complexes and promoted the formation of autophagosomes under D-glucose application. When the autophagy pathway was interrupted, AtRGS1 recovery increased and endocytosis of ATRGS1 was inhibited, indicating that autophagy pathway plays an important role in regulating the endocytosis and recovery of AtRGS1 after D-glucose stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanquan Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jingchun Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Qing Fu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, ColumbiaSC, United States
| | - Wenli Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tunc-Ozdemir M, Jones AM. BRL3 and AtRGS1 cooperate to fine tune growth inhibition and ROS activation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177400. [PMID: 28545052 PMCID: PMC5436702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane-localized leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases directly activates G protein complex via interaction with seven transmembrane domain Regulator of G-protein Signaling 1 (AtRGS1) protein. Brassinosteroid insensitive 1 (BRI1) LIKE3 (BRL3) phosphorylates AtRGS1 in vitro. FRET analysis showed that BRL3 and AtRGS1 interaction dynamics change in response to glucose and flg22. Both BRL3 and AtRGS1 function in glucose sensing and brl3 and rgs1-2 single mutants are hyposensitive to high glucose as well as the brl3/rgs1 double mutant. BRL3 and AtRGS1 function in the same pathway linked to high glucose sensing. Hypocotyl elongation, another sugar-mediated pathway, is also implicated to be partially mediated by BRL3 and AtRGS1 because rgs1-2, brl3-2 and brl3-2/ rgs1-2 mutants share the long hypocotyl phenotype. BRL3 and AtRGS1 modulate the flg22-induced ROS burst and block one or more components positively regulating ROS production because the brl3/rgs1 double mutant has ~60% more ROS production than wild type while rgs1-2 has a partial ROS burst impairment and brl3 has slightly more ROS production. Here, we proposed a simple model where both BRL3 and AtRGS1 are part of a fine-tuning mechanism sensing glucose and flg22 to prevent excess ROS burst and control growth inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meral Tunc-Ozdemir
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Alan M. Jones
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liang Y, Urano D, Liao KL, Hedrick TL, Gao Y, Jones AM. A nondestructive method to estimate the chlorophyll content of Arabidopsis seedlings. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:26. [PMID: 28416964 PMCID: PMC5391588 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorophyll content decreases in plants under stress conditions, therefore it is used commonly as an indicator of plant health. Arabidopsis thaliana offers a convenient and fast way to test physiological phenotypes of mutations and treatments. However, chlorophyll measurements with conventional solvent extraction are not applicable to Arabidopsis leaves due to their small size, especially when grown on culture dishes. RESULTS We provide a nondestructive method for chlorophyll measurement whereby the red, green and blue (RGB) values of a color leaf image is used to estimate the chlorophyll content from Arabidopsis leaves. The method accommodates different profiles of digital cameras by incorporating the ColorChecker chart to make the digital negative profiles, to adjust the white balance, and to calibrate the exposure rate differences caused by the environment so that this method is applicable in any environment. We chose an exponential function model to estimate chlorophyll content from the RGB values, and fitted the model parameters with physical measurements of chlorophyll contents. As proof of utility, this method was used to estimate chlorophyll content of G protein mutants grown on different sugar to nitrogen ratios. CONCLUSION This method is a simple, fast, inexpensive, and nondestructive estimation of chlorophyll content of Arabidopsis seedlings. This method lead to the discovery that G proteins are important in sensing the C/N balance to control chlorophyll content in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280 USA
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Daisuke Urano
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280 USA
| | - Kang-Ling Liao
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280 USA
| | - Tyson L. Hedrick
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280 USA
| | - Yajun Gao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Alan M. Jones
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280 USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280 USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mudgil Y, Karve A, Teixeira PJPL, Jiang K, Tunc-Ozdemir M, Jones AM. Photosynthate Regulation of the Root System Architecture Mediated by the Heterotrimeric G Protein Complex in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1255. [PMID: 27610112 PMCID: PMC4997095 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Assimilate partitioning to the root system is a desirable developmental trait to control but little is known of the signaling pathway underlying partitioning. A null mutation in the gene encoding the Gβ subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein complex, a nexus for a variety of signaling pathways, confers altered sugar partitioning in roots. While fixed carbon rapidly reached the roots of wild type and agb1-2 mutant seedlings, agb1 roots had more of this fixed carbon in the form of glucose, fructose, and sucrose which manifested as a higher lateral root density. Upon glucose treatment, the agb1-2 mutant had abnormal gene expression in the root tip validated by transcriptome analysis. In addition, PIN2 membrane localization was altered in the agb1-2 mutant. The heterotrimeric G protein complex integrates photosynthesis-derived sugar signaling incorporating both membrane-and transcriptional-based mechanisms. The time constants for these signaling mechanisms are in the same range as photosynthate delivery to the root, raising the possibility that root cells are able to use changes in carbon fixation in real time to adjust growth behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yashwanti Mudgil
- Department of Botany, University of DelhiDelhi, India
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
- *Correspondence: Yashwanti Mudgil,
| | | | | | - Kun Jiang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
| | - Meral Tunc-Ozdemir
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
| | - Alan M. Jones
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
| |
Collapse
|