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Ščevková J, Dušička J, Zahradníková E, Sepšiová R, Kováč J, Vašková Z. Impact of meteorological parameters and air pollutants on airborne concentration of Betula pollen and Bet v 1 allergen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:95438-95448. [PMID: 37544949 PMCID: PMC10482788 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The intensity of birch pollen season is expressed by seasonal pollen integral (SPIn, the sum of the mean daily pollen concentration during the birch pollination period) and the amount of Bet v 1 allergen released per birch pollen grain expressed by pollen allergen potency (PAP). Betula pollen and Bet v 1 allergen were simultaneously measured in the air of Bratislava from 2019 to 2022 by using two Burkard traps (Hirst-type and cyclone) in order to evaluate the causes of the seasonal variation in the SPIn and PAP levels. The highest SPIn (19,975 pollen/m3) was observed in 2022 and the lowest one (1484 pollen/m3) in 2021. The average daily PAP level (4.0 pg Bet v 1/pollen) was highest in 2019 and lowest (2.5 pg Bet v 1/pollen) in 2020. We found that seasonal variation in SPIn was associated mainly with the changes in environmental conditions during the pre-season period, whereas the year-to-year variation in PAP levels was attributed to environmental conditions during both pre- and in-season periods. Our results indicate that rainy weather in June 2020 and cold overcast weather in January‒February 2021 resulted in low SPIn in 2021. On the other hand, dry weather in June 2021 and warm weather in January‒February 2022 resulted in high SPIn in 2022. The low average daily PAP level in 2020 was associated with (1) low levels of gaseous air pollutants in March, when the ripening of pollen takes place; (2) an earlier start of the birch main pollen season (MPS); and (3) dry weather during the MPS. On the other hand, high PAP level in 2019 was associated with higher levels of air pollutants in March and during the MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ščevková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Dušička
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Zahradníková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Regina Sepšiová
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Kováč
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská Dolina, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Vašková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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2
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Weng X, Zhu L, Yu S, Liu Y, Ru Y, Zhang Z, He Z, Zhou L, Chen X. Carbon monoxide promotes stomatal initiation by regulating the expression of two EPF genes in Arabidopsis cotyledons. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1029703. [PMID: 36438138 PMCID: PMC9691970 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1029703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The gaseous molecule carbon monoxide (CO) can freely pass through the cell membrane and participate in signal transduction in the cell to regulate physiological activities in plants. Here, we report that CO has a positive regulatory role in stomatal development. Exogenous CO donor CORM-2 [Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer] treatment resulted in an increase of stomatal index (SI) on the abaxial epidermis of cotyledons in wild-type, which can be reversed by the addition of the CO biosynthesis inhibitor ZnPPIX [Protoporphyrin IX zinc (II)]. Consistent with this result, mutation of the CO biosynthesis gene HY1 resulted in a decrease of SI in hy1-100 plants, while overexpression of HY1 led to an increase of SI. Further investigation revealed that CO acts upstream of SPCH and YDA in the stomatal development pathway, since the loss of function mutants spch-1 and yda-2 were insensitive to CORM-2. The expression of EPF2 was inhibited by CORM-2 treatment in wild type and is lower in hy1 than in wild-type plants. In contrast, the expression of STOMAGEN was promoted by CORM-2 treatment and is higher in HY1-overexpression lines. Loss of function mutants of both epf2 and stomagen are insensitive to CORM-2 treatment. These results indicated that CO positively regulates stomatal initiation and distribution by modulating the expression of EPF2 and STOMAGEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjie Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanyu Ru
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zijing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaorong He
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Heme Oxygenase/Carbon Monoxide Participates in the Regulation of Ganoderma lucidum Heat-Stress Response, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Cell-Wall Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113147. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO), a product of organic oxidation processes, arises in vivo principally from the enzymatic reaction of heme oxygenase (HO, transcription gene named HMX1). HO/CO has been found to exert many salutary effects in multiple biological processes, including the stress response. However, whether HO/CO is involved in the regulation of the heat-stress (HS) response of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is still poorly understood. In this paper, we reported that under heat stress, the HMX1 transcription level, HO enzyme activity, and CO content increased by 5.2-fold, 6.5-fold and 2-fold, respectively. HMX1 silenced strains showed a 12% increase in ganoderic acid (GA) content under HS as analyzed by HPLC. Furthermore, according to Western blot analysis of the protein phosphorylation levels, HMX1 attenuated the increase in phosphorylation levels of slt2, but the phosphorylation levels were prolonged over a 3 h HS time period. The chitin and glucan content in HMX1 silenced strains increased by 108% and 75%, respectively. In summary, these findings showed that the HO/CO system responds to heat stress and then regulates the HS-induced GA biosynthesis and the cell-wall integrity mediated by the Slt-MAPK phosphorylation level in G. lucidum.
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Meng HL, Sun PY, Wang JR, Sun XQ, Zheng CZ, Fan T, Chen QF, Li HY. Comparative physiological, transcriptomic, and WGCNA analyses reveal the key genes and regulatory pathways associated with drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:985088. [PMID: 36262653 PMCID: PMC9575659 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.985088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stress factors that affect plant growth and crop productivity. Tartary buckwheat is a nutritionally balanced and flavonoid-rich pseudocereal crop and also has strong adaptability to different adverse environments including drought. However, little is known about its drought tolerance mechanism. In this study, we performed comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses of two contrasting drought-resistant Tartary buckwheat genotypes under nature drought treatment in the reproductive stage. Under drought stress, the drought-tolerant genotype XZSN had significantly higher contents of relative water, proline, and soluble sugar, as well as lower relative electrolyte leakage in the leaves than the drought-susceptible LK3. A total of 5,058 (2,165 upregulated and 2,893 downregulated) and 5,182 (2,358 upregulated and 2,824 downregulated) potential drought-responsive genes were identified in XZSN and LK3 by transcriptome sequencing analysis, respectively. Among the potential drought-responsive genes of XZSN, 1,206 and 1,274 genes were identified to be potential positive and negative contributors for XZSN having higher drought resistance ability than LK3. Furthermore, 851 out of 1,206 positive drought-resistant genes were further identified to be the core drought-resistant genes of XZSN based on WGCNA analysis, and most of them were induced earlier and quicker by drought stress than those in LK3. Functional annotation of the 851 core drought-resistant genes found that a large number of stress-responsive genes were involved in TFs, abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, signal transduction and response, non-ABA signal molecule biosynthesis, water holding, oxygen species scavenging, osmotic adjustment, cell damage prevention, and so on. Transcriptional regulatory network analyses identified the potential regulators of these drought-resistant functional genes and found that the HD-ZIP and MYB TFs might be the key downstream TFs of drought resistance in Tartary buckwheat. Taken together, these results indicated that the XZSN genotype was more drought-tolerant than the LK3 genotype as evidenced by triggering the rapid and dramatic transcriptional reprogramming of drought-resistant genes to reduce water loss, prevent cell damage, and so on. This research expands our current understanding of the drought tolerance mechanisms of Tartary buckwheat and provides important information for its further drought resistance research and variety breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Ling Meng
- Key Laboratory of High-Quality Crops Cultivation and Safety Control of Yunnan Province, Honghe University, Honghe, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Sun
- Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- College of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia-Rui Wang
- Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- College of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Sun
- Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of High-Quality Crops Cultivation and Safety Control of Yunnan Province, Honghe University, Honghe, China
| | - Ting Fan
- Key Laboratory of High-Quality Crops Cultivation and Safety Control of Yunnan Province, Honghe University, Honghe, China
| | - Qing-Fu Chen
- Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong-You Li
- Research Center of Buckwheat Industry Technology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region of Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Yun F, Huang D, Zhang M, Wang C, Deng Y, Gao R, Hou X, Liu Z, Liao W. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis unravels the crucial genes during adventitious root development induced by carbon monoxide in Cucumis sativus L. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11327-11340. [PMID: 35906509 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon monoxide (CO) has been reported to be participated in adventitious rooting. However, knowledge about the interrelationship between CO and phytohormones during rooting is obscure. The molecular mechanism of CO-induced rooting is currently unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS The roles of CO in adventitious rooting in Cucumis sativus L. at the transcriptional level were investigated. The results show that 10 μM hematin (a CO donor) has a significant positive effect on adventitious rooting in cucumber. A total of 1792 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 1103 up-regulated and 689 down-regulated) were identified in hematin treatment by RNA sequencing analysis. There were 37, 18 and 19 DEGs significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, sucrose and starch metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism, respectively. Both transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the expressions of AUX22D, IAA6, SAUR21, SAUR24, GH3.5, CYCD3-3, TIFY10a, TIFY10A and TIF9 promoted the accumulation of IAA, BR, JA and SA in plant hormone signal transduction. The up-regulation of HK3, TPPF, otsB, TPS7, TPS9 and the down-regulation of AGPS1, AGPS3 increased the content of starch and total sugar by mediating the activity of some critical enzymes, including HK, TPS, TPP and AGP. PER47, PER61, PER24, PER66, PER4 and CCR2 increased the lignin content. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that CO could promote the accumulation of plant hormones, starch, sugar and lignin during adventitious rooting by regulating the expression of some related genes, including AUX22D, IAA6, SAUR21, SAUR24, GH3.5, CYCD3-3, TIFY10a, TIFY10A, TIF9 HK3, otsB, TPS7, TPS9, AGPS1, AGPS3, PER47, PER61, PER24, PER66, PER4, and CCR2. Thus, we provides an interesting candidate gene list for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of adventitious rooting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahong Yun
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Dengjing Huang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yuzheng Deng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Rong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xuemei Hou
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zesheng Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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Wu Y, Li J, Wang J, Dawuda MM, Liao W, Meng X, Yuan H, Xie J, Tang Z, Lyu J, Yu J. Heme is involved in the exogenous ALA-promoted growth and antioxidant defense system of cucumber seedlings under salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:329. [PMID: 35804328 PMCID: PMC9264505 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03717-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A biosynthetic precursor of tetrapyrrol, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), is widely used in agricultural production, as an exogenous regulatory substance that effectively regulates plant growth. Previous studies have shown that heme and chlorophyll accumulate in plants under salt stress, when treated with exogenous ALA. In this study, we explored the regulatory role of heme in plants, by spraying 25 mg L-1 ALA onto the leaves of cucumber seedlings treated with heme synthesis inhibitor (2,2'-dipyridyl, DPD) and heme scavenger (hemopexin, Hx), under 50 mmol L-1 NaCl stress. The results showed that NaCl alone and DPD + Hx treatments to cucumber seedlings subjected to salt stress adversely affected their growth, by decreasing biomass accumulation, root activity, and root morphology. In addition, these treatments induced an increase in membrane lipid oxidation, as well as enhancement of anti-oxidase activities, proline content, and glutamate betaine. However, exogenous ALA application increased the plant growth and root architecture indices under NaCl stress, owing to a lack of heme in the seedlings. In addition, cucumber seedlings treated with DPD and Hx showed inhibition of growth under salt stress, but exogenous ALA effectively improved cucumber seedling growth as well as the physiological characteristics; moreover, the regulation of ALA in plants was weakened when heme synthesis was inhibited. Heme biosynthesis and metabolism genes, HEMH and HO1, which are involved in the ALA metabolic pathway, were upregulated under salinity conditions, when ferrochelatase activity was inhibited. Application of exogenous ALA increased the heme content in the leaves. Thus, exogenous ALA may supplement the substrates for heme synthesis. These results indicated that heme plays a vital role in the response of plants to salinity stress. In conclusion, heme is involved in ALA-mediated alleviation of damage caused to cucumber seedlings and acts as a positive regulator of plant adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Junwen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Department of Horticulture, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xin Meng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jian Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Arid-Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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Havva EN, Kolupaev YE, Shkliarevskyi MA, Kokorev AI, Dmitriev AP. Hydrogen Sulfide Participation in the Formation of Wheat Seedlings’ Heat Resistance Under the Action of Hardening Temperature. CYTOL GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452722030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Qi W, Man L, Suguro S, Zhao Y, Quan H, Huang C, Ma H, Guan H, Zhu Y. Endocrine effects of three common gas signaling molecules in humans: A literature review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1074638. [PMID: 36568094 PMCID: PMC9780443 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1074638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gases such as hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide and sulfur dioxide have important regulatory effects on the endocrine and physiological processes of the body and are collectively referred to as "gas signaling molecules". These gas signaling molecules are also closely related to Alzheimer's disease, the inflammatory response and depression. In this paper, we introduce the production and metabolic pathways of NO, H2S and SO2 in living organisms and review the regulatory functions of gas signaling molecules in the endocrine system and their mechanisms in relation to their clinical applications. This work will provide a basis for finding targets for intervention and establishing novel prevention and treatment strategies for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Luo Man
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Sei Suguro
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Yidan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Heng Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chuoji Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Haoran Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Haoran Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Yizhun Zhu,
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9
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da Silva BF, Pereira IMC, de Melo JC, Martins MCB, Barbosa MO, Silva AKO, de Siqueira WN, da Silva NH, de Oliveira AFM, Vicente C, Legaz ME, Pereira EC. Cladonia verticillaris (lichen) indicates negative impacts derived from the combustion of biodiesel blends: an alert for the environmental management for biofuels use. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:809. [PMID: 34783906 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of biodiesel blends with petroleum diesel in vehicular engines demands the evaluation of the possible impacts and effects of the gases emitted from their combustion on the environment. Among studies on these questions, biomonitoring using lichens is a viable alternative, given their interactions with the elements dispersed in the atmosphere, as well as its sensitivity and capacity to retain contaminants. In this study, we analyzed the effects of gas emissions from the combustion of biodiesel mixture with petroleum diesel on Cladonia verticillaris thalli. Samples of the lichen (10 g) were exposed to the gases emitted by the exhaust of the generator engine during the combustion process of biodiesel mixtures to petroleum diesel (7% (B7), 10% (B10), 40% (B40), 50% (B50), and 70% (B70)). At 90 days after exposure, samples were analyzed for n-alkane profiles, thallus morphology, photosynthetic pigment contents, and secondary lichen metabolites (protocetraric and fumarprotocetraric acids). Sets B7 and B10 showed better resistance of the lichen to pollutants. Set B40 showed a high stress evidenced by the chain elongation of n-alkanes structure and high chlorophyll production, presenting high morphological damages when compared to the control sets, B7 and B10. The results showed significant reductions of n-alkanes profiles for mixtures with high concentrations of biodiesel (B50 and B70), as well as decreases in the chlorophyll content. These groups showed an increase in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, corroborating the hypothesis that high concentrations of biodiesel in the mixture with petroleum diesel have greater impacts on the lichen. Schematic model for demonstration of using the lichen Cladonia verticillaris as biomonitor of effects from gas emissions from the combustion of biodiesel blends with petroleum diesel by a stationary engine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno F da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Applied Ecology, Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. São Dimas, 303, 13.416-000, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iwelton M C Pereira
- Collegiate of the Geography Degree Course, Universidade de Pernambuco, R. Cap. Pedro Rodrigues, 55.294-902, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - James C de Melo
- Biofuels Division, Northeast Strategic Technologies Center (CETENE), Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1, 50.740-545, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mônica C B Martins
- Post-Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mariana O Barbosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Andrezza K O Silva
- Department of Geographical Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Geography, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Williams N de Siqueira
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Nicácio H da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Phisiology, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Antônio F M de Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Carlos Vicente
- Department of Plant Physiology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais, 12, 28.040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria E Legaz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Calle José Antonio Novais, 12, 28.040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugênia C Pereira
- Post-Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Geographical Sciences, Post-Graduate Program in Geography, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, 50.670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Bharath P, Gahir S, Raghavendra AS. Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure: An Important Component of Plant Defense Against Abiotic and Biotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:615114. [PMID: 33746999 PMCID: PMC7969522 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.615114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress hormone that accumulates under different abiotic and biotic stresses. A typical effect of ABA on leaves is to reduce transpirational water loss by closing stomata and parallelly defend against microbes by restricting their entry through stomatal pores. ABA can also promote the accumulation of polyamines, sphingolipids, and even proline. Stomatal closure by compounds other than ABA also helps plant defense against both abiotic and biotic stress factors. Further, ABA can interact with other hormones, such as methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA). Such cross-talk can be an additional factor in plant adaptations against environmental stresses and microbial pathogens. The present review highlights the recent progress in understanding ABA's multifaceted role under stress conditions, particularly stomatal closure. We point out the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS), nitric oxide (NO), and Ca2+ in guard cells as key signaling components during the ABA-mediated short-term plant defense reactions. The rise in ROS, RCS, NO, and intracellular Ca2+ triggered by ABA can promote additional events involved in long-term adaptive measures, including gene expression, accumulation of compatible solutes to protect the cell, hypersensitive response (HR), and programmed cell death (PCD). Several pathogens can counteract and try to reopen stomata. Similarly, pathogens attempt to trigger PCD of host tissue to their benefit. Yet, ABA-induced effects independent of stomatal closure can delay the pathogen spread and infection within leaves. Stomatal closure and other ABA influences can be among the early steps of defense and a crucial component of plants' innate immunity response. Stomatal guard cells are quite sensitive to environmental stress and are considered good model systems for signal transduction studies. Further research on the ABA-induced stomatal closure mechanism can help us design strategies for plant/crop adaptations to stress.
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Hopper CP, De La Cruz LK, Lyles KV, Wareham LK, Gilbert JA, Eichenbaum Z, Magierowski M, Poole RK, Wollborn J, Wang B. Role of Carbon Monoxide in Host-Gut Microbiome Communication. Chem Rev 2020; 120:13273-13311. [PMID: 33089988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nature is full of examples of symbiotic relationships. The critical symbiotic relation between host and mutualistic bacteria is attracting increasing attention to the degree that the gut microbiome is proposed by some as a new organ system. The microbiome exerts its systemic effect through a diverse range of metabolites, which include gaseous molecules such as H2, CO2, NH3, CH4, NO, H2S, and CO. In turn, the human host can influence the microbiome through these gaseous molecules as well in a reciprocal manner. Among these gaseous molecules, NO, H2S, and CO occupy a special place because of their widely known physiological functions in the host and their overlap and similarity in both targets and functions. The roles that NO and H2S play have been extensively examined by others. Herein, the roles of CO in host-gut microbiome communication are examined through a discussion of (1) host production and function of CO, (2) available CO donors as research tools, (3) CO production from diet and bacterial sources, (4) effect of CO on bacteria including CO sensing, and (5) gut microbiome production of CO. There is a large amount of literature suggesting the "messenger" role of CO in host-gut microbiome communication. However, much more work is needed to begin achieving a systematic understanding of this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Hopper
- Institute for Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Bavaria DE 97080, Germany.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ladie Kimberly De La Cruz
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Kristin V Lyles
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lauren K Wareham
- The Vanderbilt Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Vanderbilt University Medical Center and School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Zehava Eichenbaum
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Cellular Engineering and Isotope Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow PL 31-531, Poland
| | - Robert K Poole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K
| | - Jakob Wollborn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg DE 79085, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Management, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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Carrera-Castaño G, Calleja-Cabrera J, Pernas M, Gómez L, Oñate-Sánchez L. An Updated Overview on the Regulation of Seed Germination. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060703. [PMID: 32492790 PMCID: PMC7356954 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability of a seed to germinate and establish a plant at the right time of year is of vital importance from an ecological and economical point of view. Due to the fragility of these early growth stages, their swiftness and robustness will impact later developmental stages and crop yield. These traits are modulated by a continuous interaction between the genetic makeup of the plant and the environment from seed production to germination stages. In this review, we have summarized the established knowledge on the control of seed germination from a molecular and a genetic perspective. This serves as a “backbone” to integrate the latest developments in the field. These include the link of germination to events occurring in the mother plant influenced by the environment, the impact of changes in the chromatin landscape, the discovery of new players and new insights related to well-known master regulators. Finally, results from recent studies on hormone transport, signaling, and biophysical and mechanical tissue properties are underscoring the relevance of tissue-specific regulation and the interplay of signals in this crucial developmental process.
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Deng Y, Wang C, Wang N, Wei L, Li W, Yao Y, Liao W. Roles of Small-Molecule Compounds in Plant Adventitious Root Development. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E420. [PMID: 31466349 PMCID: PMC6770160 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adventitious root (AR) is a kind of later root, which derives from stems and leaf petioles of plants. Many different kinds of small signaling molecules can transmit information between cells of multicellular organisms. It has been found that small molecules can be involved in many growth and development processes of plants, including stomatal movement, flowering, fruit ripening and developing, and AR formation. Therefore, this review focuses on discussing the functions and mechanisms of small signaling molecules in the adventitious rooting process. These compounds, such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen gas (H2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), ethylene (ETH), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), can be involved in the induction of AR formation or development. This review also sums the crosstalk between these compounds. Besides, those signaling molecules can regulate the expressions of some genes during AR development, including cell division genes, auxin-related genes, and adventitious rooting-related genes. We conclude that these small-molecule compounds enhance adventitious rooting by regulating antioxidant, water balance, and photosynthetic systems as well as affecting transportation and distribution of auxin, and these compounds further conduct positive effects on horticultural plants under environmental stresses. Hence, the effect of these molecules in plant AR formation and development is definitely a hot issue to explore in the horticultural study now and in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzheng Deng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ni Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Weifang Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yandong Yao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Rana A, Amanullah S, Das PK, McQuarters AB, Lehnert N, Dey A. Formally Ferric Heme Carbon Monoxide Adduct. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5073-5077. [PMID: 30866627 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Formally ferric carbonyl adducts are reported in a series of thiolate-bound iron porphyrins. Resonance Raman data indicate the presence of both Fe-S and Fe-CO bonds, and EPR data of this S = 1/2 species indicate a ligand-based electron hole, giving this complex an Fe(II)-thiyl radical electronic ground state. The FTIR data show that the C-O vibrations are substantially higher than in the corresponding ferrous-thiolate CO adducts. DFT calculations reproduce the spectroscopic features and indicate that backbonding to the low lying π* orbitals of the bound CO stabilizes the Fe 3d orbitals resulting in a stabilization of the ferrous-thiyl radical ground state compared to the five-coordinate ferric-thiolate precursor complexes. Access to stable thiyl radicals will help understand these elusive species that are mostly encountered as short-lived reactive reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Rana
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , West Bengal 700032 , India
| | - Sk Amanullah
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , West Bengal 700032 , India
| | - Pradip K Das
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , West Bengal 700032 , India
| | - Ashley B McQuarters
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Michigan , 930 N. University , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Nicolai Lehnert
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Michigan , 930 N. University , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Abhishek Dey
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , West Bengal 700032 , India
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15
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He M, He CQ, Ding NZ. Abiotic Stresses: General Defenses of Land Plants and Chances for Engineering Multistress Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1771. [PMID: 30581446 PMCID: PMC6292871 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, such as low or high temperature, deficient or excessive water, high salinity, heavy metals, and ultraviolet radiation, are hostile to plant growth and development, leading to great crop yield penalty worldwide. It is getting imperative to equip crops with multistress tolerance to relieve the pressure of environmental changes and to meet the demand of population growth, as different abiotic stresses usually arise together in the field. The feasibility is raised as land plants actually have established more generalized defenses against abiotic stresses, including the cuticle outside plants, together with unsaturated fatty acids, reactive species scavengers, molecular chaperones, and compatible solutes inside cells. In stress response, they are orchestrated by a complex regulatory network involving upstream signaling molecules including stress hormones, reactive oxygen species, gasotransmitters, polyamines, phytochromes, and calcium, as well as downstream gene regulation factors, particularly transcription factors. In this review, we aimed at presenting an overview of these defensive systems and the regulatory network, with an eye to their practical potential via genetic engineering and/or exogenous application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nai-Zheng Ding
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Cheng T, Hu L, Wang P, Yang X, Peng Y, Lu Y, Chen J, Shi J. Carbon Monoxide Potentiates High Temperature-Induced Nicotine Biosynthesis in Tobacco. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E188. [PMID: 29316708 PMCID: PMC5796137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) acts as an important signal in many physiological responses in plants, but its role in plant secondary metabolism is still unknown. Nicotine is the main alkaloid generated in tobacco and the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) has previously been reported to efficiently induce its biosynthesis. Whether and how CO interacts with JA to regulate nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that high temperature (HT) induces quick accumulation of nicotine in tobacco roots, combined with an increase in CO and JA concentration. Suppressing CO generation reduced both JA and nicotine biosynthesis, whereas exogenous application of CO increased JA and nicotine content. CO causes an increased expression of NtPMT1 (a key nicotine biosynthesis enzyme), via promoting NtMYC2a binding to the G-box region of its promoter, leading to heightened nicotine levels under HT conditions. These data suggest a novel function for CO in stimulating nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco under HT stress, through a JA signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielong Cheng
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China.
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Liwei Hu
- Laboratory of Tobacco Agriculture, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Pengkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land of State Forestry Administration, China Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Ye Peng
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China.
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Ye Lu
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China.
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China.
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jisen Shi
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing 210037, China.
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Wu Y, Jin X, Liao W, Hu L, Dawuda MM, Zhao X, Tang Z, Gong T, Yu J. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) Alleviated Salinity Stress in Cucumber Seedlings by Enhancing Chlorophyll Synthesis Pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:635. [PMID: 29868088 PMCID: PMC5962685 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a common precursor of tetrapyrroles as well as a crucial growth regulator in higher plants. ALA has been proven to be effective in improving photosynthesis and alleviating the adverse effects of various abiotic stresses in higher plants. However, little is known about the mechanism of ALA in ameliorating the photosynthesis of plant under abiotic stress. In this paper, we studied the effects of exogenous ALA on salinity-induced damages of photosynthesis in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings. We found that the morphology (plant height, leave area), light utilization capacity of PS II [qL, Y(II)] and gas exchange capacity (Pn, gs, Ci, and Tr) were significantly retarded under NaCl stress, but these parameters were all recovered by the foliar application of 25 mg L-1 ALA. Besides, salinity caused heme accumulation and up-regulation of gene expression of ferrochelatase (HEMH) with suppression of other genes involved in chlorophyll synthesis pathway. Exogenously application of ALA under salinity down-regulated the heme content and HEMH expression, but increased the gene expression levels of glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HEMA1), Mg-chelatase (CHLH), and protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR). Moreover, the contents of intermediates involved in chlorophyll branch were increased by ALA, including protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), Mg-protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX, protochlorophyllide (Pchlide), and chlorophyll (Chl a and Chl b) under salt stress. Ultrastructural observation of mesophyll cell showed that the damages of photosynthetic apparatus under salinity were fixed by ALA. Collectively, the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway was enhanced by exogenous ALA to improve the tolerance of cucumber under salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Jin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mohammed M. Dawuda
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Xingjie Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Gong
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jihua Yu,
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18
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Zhang H, Yue M, Zheng X, Gautam M, He S, Li L. The Role of Promoter-Associated Histone Acetylation of Haem Oxygenase-1 ( HO-1) and Giberellic Acid-Stimulated Like-1 ( GSL-1) Genes in Heat-Induced Lateral Root Primordium Inhibition in Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1520. [PMID: 30459784 PMCID: PMC6232826 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In plants, lateral roots play a crucial role in the uptake of water and nutrients. Several genes such as Zea mays Haem Oxygenase-1 (ZmHO-1) and Giberellic Acid-Stimulated Like-1 (ZmGSL-1) have been found to be involved in lateral root development. In the present investigation, we observed that heat treatment might be involved in the inhibition of lateral root primordium (LRP) formation in maize, accompanied by an increase in global acetylation levels of histone 3 lysine residue 9 (H3K9) and histone 4 lysine residue 5 (H4K5), suggesting that histone modification was related to LRP inhibition. However, Trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), apparently did not inhibit the LRP formation, revealing that global hyperacetylation might not be the determining factor in the LRP inhibition induced by heat stress. Furthermore, expression of genes related to lateral root development in maize, ZmHO-1 and ZmGSL-1, was down-regulated and the acetylation levels in the promoter region of these two genes were decreased under heat stress, suggesting that promoter-associated histone acetylation might be associated with the expression of ZmHO-1 and ZmGSL-1 genes which were found to be involved in the heat-induced LRP inhibition in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengxia Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueke Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mayank Gautam
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shibin He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- *Correspondence: Shibin He, Lijia Li,
| | - Lijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shibin He, Lijia Li,
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Chen Y, Wang M, Hu L, Liao W, Dawuda MM, Li C. Carbon Monoxide Is Involved in Hydrogen Gas-Induced Adventitious Root Development in Cucumber under Simulated Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:128. [PMID: 28223992 PMCID: PMC5293791 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen gas (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) are involved in plant growth and developmental processes and may induce plant tolerance to several stresses. However, the independent roles and interaction effect of H2 and CO in adventitious root development under drought conditions have still not received the needed research attention. We hypothesize that there exists crosstalk between H2 and CO during adventitious root development under drought stress. The results of our current study revealed that 50% (v/v) hydrogen-rich water (HRW), 500 μM Hemin (the CO donor) and 30% (w/v) CO aqueous solution apparently promoted the development of adventitious roots in cucumber explants (Cucumis Sativus L.) under drought stress. H2 and CO increased relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content (chlorophyll a, b, and a+b), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters [photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), PSII actual photochemical efficiency and photochemical quench coefficient] under drought condition. When the CO scavenger hemoglobin (Hb) or zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX) was added to HRW/CO aqueous solution, the positive effect of HRW/CO aqueous solution on RWC, leaf chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were reversed. Additionally, superoxide dismutases, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase was significantly increased in the explants treated with HRW and CO aqueous solution under drought stress, thus alleviating oxidative damage, as indicated by decreases in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide radical (O2-) levels. H2 and CO also improved the levels of water soluble carbohydrate, total soluble protein, and proline content. However, the above CO/H2-mediated effects were reversed by CO scavenger Hb or CO specific synthetic inhibitor ZnPPIX. Therefore, CO may be involved in H2-induced adventitious rooting under drought stress and alleviate oxidative damage by enhancing RWC, leaf chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, metabolic constituent content, activating anti-oxidant enzymes and reducing TBARS, O2-, and H2O2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
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