1
|
Patel J, Khatri K, Khandwal D, Gupta NK, Choudhary B, Hapani D, Koshiya J, Syed SN, Phillips DW, Jones HD, Mishra A. Modulation of physio-biochemical and photosynthesis parameters by overexpressing SbPIP2 gene improved abiotic stress tolerance of transgenic tobacco. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14384. [PMID: 38859697 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to explore the potential of a plasma-membrane localized PIP2-type aquaporin protein sourced from the halophyte Salicornia brachiata to alleviate salinity and water deficit stress tolerance in a model plant through transgenic intervention. Transgenic plants overexpressing SbPIP2 gene showed improved physio-biochemical parameters like increased osmolytes (proline, total sugar, and amino acids), antioxidants (polyphenols), pigments and membrane stability under salinity and drought stresses compared to control plants [wild type (WT) and vector control (VC) plants]. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that, under water and salinity stresses, osmolytes, antioxidants and pigments were correlated with SbPIP2-overexpressing (SbPIP2-OE) plants treated with salinity and water deficit stress, suggesting their involvement in stress tolerance. As aquaporins are also involved in CO2 transport, SbPIP2-OE plants showed enhanced photosynthesis performance than wild type upon salinity and drought stresses. Photosynthetic gas exchange (net CO2 assimilation rate, PSII efficiency, ETR, and non-photochemical quenching) were significantly higher in SbPIP2-OE plants compared to control plants (wild type and vector control plants) under both unstressed and stressed conditions. The higher quantum yield for reduction of end electron acceptors at the PSI acceptor side [Φ( R0 )] in SbPIP2-OE plants compared to control plants under abiotic stresses indicates a continued PSI functioning, leading to retained electron transport rate, higher carbon assimilation, and less ROS-mediated injuries. In conclusion, the SbPIP2 gene functionally validated in the present study could be a potential candidate for engineering abiotic stress resilience in important crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaykumar Patel
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kusum Khatri
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Deepesh Khandwal
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Nirmala Kumari Gupta
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Babita Choudhary
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Divya Hapani
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Jignasha Koshiya
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Saif Najam Syed
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Dylan Wyn Phillips
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Huw Dylan Jones
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Avinash Mishra
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumari J, Haque MI, Jha RK, Rathore MS. The red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii antiporter gene (KaNa +/H +) confers abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3729-3743. [PMID: 35141817 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant establishment, growth, development and productivity are adversely affected by abiotic stresses that are dominant characteristics of environmentally challenged/degraded habitats created in the Anthropocene. Crop breeding for climate resilience properties is need of the hour to sustain the crop productivity. We report on the characterization of Kappaphycus alvarezii (a red seaweed) Na+/H+ antiporter gene (KaNa+/H+) for enhanced salt and osmotic stress tolerance. METHODS The KaNa+/H+ antiporter gene was cloned and over-expressed in tobacco under the control of CaMV35S promoter. Transgenic analysis was carried out to assess the stress tolerance ability of tobacco over-expressing KaNa+/H+ antiporter gene. RESULTS Over-expression of KaNa+/H+ gene improved the seed germination and seed vigor index under stress. Transgenic plants grew better and exhibited delayed leaf senescence. Improved K+/Na+, carotenoid/total chlorophyll and relative water content; lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), MDA and Na+; lower electrolyte leakage; better membrane stability index and accumulation of K+, photosynthetic pigment, starch, sugar, free amino acid, proline and polyphenol contents indicated better physiological health of the transgenic tobacco under stress. Transgenic tobacco exhibited higher photosynthesis, photosystem II efficiency, electron transfer rate, photochemical quenching and activity of water splitting complex. Compared with control tobacco, transgenic tobacco exhibited higher expression of stress-defence genes under stress and better recovery after long-term osmotic stress. CONCLUSIONS Lower Na+ cytotoxicity, lower accumulation of ROS and maintenance of the membrane integrity helped transgenic tobacco to maintain the physiological functioning under stress. Present results established K. alvarezii as a potential gene resource and the KaNa+/H+ antiporter gene as a potential candidate gene in molecular breeding of crops for development of the degraded land.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kumari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Md Intesaful Haque
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Rajesh K Jha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Mangal S Rathore
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rawat N, Wungrampha S, Singla-Pareek SL, Yu M, Shabala S, Pareek A. Rewilding staple crops for the lost halophytism: Toward sustainability and profitability of agricultural production systems. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:45-64. [PMID: 34915209 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress tolerance has been weakened during the domestication of all major staple crops. Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint that impacts over half of the world population; however, given the increasing reliance on irrigation and the lack of available freshwater, agriculture in the 21st century will increasingly become saline. Therefore, global food security is critically dependent on the ability of plant breeders to create high-yielding staple crop varieties that will incorporate salinity tolerance traits and account for future climate scenarios. Previously, we have argued that the current agricultural practices and reliance on crops that exclude salt from uptake is counterproductive and environmentally unsustainable, and thus called for a need for a major shift in a breeding paradigm to incorporate some halophytic traits that were present in wild relatives but were lost in modern crops during domestication. In this review, we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of the key traits conferring crop halophytism, such as vacuolar Na+ sequestration, ROS desensitization, succulence, metabolic photosynthetic switch, and salt deposition in trichomes, and discuss the strategies for incorporating them into elite germplasm, to address a pressing issue of boosting plant salinity tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Rawat
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Silas Wungrampha
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart Tas 7001, Australia.
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jha RK, Mishra A. Introgression of SbERD4 Gene Encodes an Early-Responsive Dehydration-Stress Protein That Confers Tolerance against Different Types of Abiotic Stresses in Transgenic Tobacco. Cells 2021; 11:62. [PMID: 35011624 PMCID: PMC8750158 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicornia brachiata is an extreme halophyte that commonly grows on marsh conditions and is also considered a promising resource for drought and salt-responsive genes. To unveil a glimpse of stress endurance by plants, it is of the utmost importance to develop an understanding of stress tolerance mechanisms. 'Early Responsive to Dehydration' (ERD) genes are defined as a group of genes involved in stress tolerance and the development of plants. To increase this understanding, parallel to this expedited thought, a novel SbERD4 gene was cloned from S. brachiata, characterized, and functionally validated in the model plant tobacco. The study showed that SbERD4 is a plasma-membrane bound protein, and its overexpression in tobacco plants improved salinity and osmotic stress tolerance. Transgenic plants showed high relative water, chlorophylls, sugars, starch, polyphenols, proline, free amino acids, and low electrolyte leakage and H2O2 content compared to control plants (wild type and vector control) under different abiotic stress conditions. Furthermore, the transcript expression of antioxidant enzyme encoding genes NtCAT, NtSOD, NtGR, and NtAPX showed higher expression in transgenic compared to wild-type and vector controls under varying stress conditions. Overall, the overexpression of a novel early responsive to dehydration stress protein 4-encoding gene (SbERD4) enhanced the tolerance of the plant against multiple abiotic stresses. In conclusion, the overexpression of the SbERD4 gene mitigates plant physiology by enduring stress tolerance and might be considered as a promising key gene for engineering salinity and drought stress tolerance in crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Jha
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR–Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India;
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Avinash Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR–Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India;
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rahman MM, Mostofa MG, Keya SS, Siddiqui MN, Ansary MMU, Das AK, Rahman MA, Tran LSP. Adaptive Mechanisms of Halophytes and Their Potential in Improving Salinity Tolerance in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910733. [PMID: 34639074 PMCID: PMC8509322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization, which is aggravated by climate change and inappropriate anthropogenic activities, has emerged as a serious environmental problem, threatening sustainable agriculture and future food security. Although there has been considerable progress in developing crop varieties by introducing salt tolerance-associated traits, most crop cultivars grown in saline soils still exhibit a decline in yield, necessitating the search for alternatives. Halophytes, with their intrinsic salt tolerance characteristics, are known to have great potential in rehabilitating salt-contaminated soils to support plant growth in saline soils by employing various strategies, including phytoremediation. In addition, the recent identification and characterization of salt tolerance-related genes encoding signaling components from halophytes, which are naturally grown under high salinity, have paved the way for the development of transgenic crops with improved salt tolerance. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive update on salinity-induced negative effects on soils and plants, including alterations of physicochemical properties in soils, and changes in physiological and biochemical processes and ion disparities in plants. We also review the physiological and biochemical adaptation strategies that help halophytes grow and survive in salinity-affected areas. Furthermore, we illustrate the halophyte-mediated phytoremediation process in salinity-affected areas, as well as their potential impacts on soil properties. Importantly, based on the recent findings on salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes, we also comprehensively discuss the potential of improving salt tolerance in crop plants by introducing candidate genes related to antiporters, ion transporters, antioxidants, and defense proteins from halophytes for conserving sustainable agriculture in salinity-prone areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mezanur Rahman
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (L.S.-P.T.); Tel.: +1-806-5007763 (M.G.M.); +1-806-8347829 (L.S.-P.T.)
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Md. Nurealam Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Mesbah Uddin Ansary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh;
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (A.K.D.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Md. Abiar Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (A.K.D.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Lam Son-Phan Tran
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (L.S.-P.T.); Tel.: +1-806-5007763 (M.G.M.); +1-806-8347829 (L.S.-P.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nelson DR, Hazzouri KM, Lauersen KJ, Jaiswal A, Chaiboonchoe A, Mystikou A, Fu W, Daakour S, Dohai B, Alzahmi A, Nobles D, Hurd M, Sexton J, Preston MJ, Blanchette J, Lomas MW, Amiri KMA, Salehi-Ashtiani K. Large-scale genome sequencing reveals the driving forces of viruses in microalgal evolution. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:250-266.e8. [PMID: 33434515 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Being integral primary producers in diverse ecosystems, microalgal genomes could be mined for ecological insights, but representative genome sequences are lacking for many phyla. We cultured and sequenced 107 microalgae species from 11 different phyla indigenous to varied geographies and climates. This collection was used to resolve genomic differences between saltwater and freshwater microalgae. Freshwater species showed domain-centric ontology enrichment for nuclear and nuclear membrane functions, while saltwater species were enriched in organellar and cellular membrane functions. Further, marine species contained significantly more viral families in their genomes (p = 8e-4). Sequences from Chlorovirus, Coccolithovirus, Pandoravirus, Marseillevirus, Tupanvirus, and other viruses were found integrated into the genomes of algal from marine environments. These viral-origin sequences were found to be expressed and code for a wide variety of functions. Together, this study comprehensively defines the expanse of protein-coding and viral elements in microalgal genomes and posits a unified adaptive strategy for algal halotolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Nelson
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Khaled M Hazzouri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (KCGEB), UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Kyle J Lauersen
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashish Jaiswal
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Alexandra Mystikou
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Weiqi Fu
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Sarah Daakour
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Bushra Dohai
- Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Amnah Alzahmi
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - David Nobles
- UTEX Culture Collection of Algae at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mark Hurd
- National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota, East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Julie Sexton
- National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota, East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Michael J Preston
- National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota, East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Joan Blanchette
- National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota, East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Michael W Lomas
- National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota, East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Khaled M A Amiri
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (KCGEB), UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Division of Science and Math, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jha RK, Patel J, Patel MK, Mishra A, Jha B. Introgression of a novel cold and drought regulatory-protein encoding CORA-like gene, SbCDR, induced osmotic tolerance in transgenic tobacco. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1170-1188. [PMID: 33206416 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A potent cold and drought regulatory-protein encoding gene, SbCDR was cloned from an extreme halophyte Salicornia brachiata. In vitro localisation study, performed with SbCDR::RFP gene-construct revealed that SbCDR is a membrane protein. Overexpression of the SbCDR gene in tobacco plants confirmed tolerance against major environmental constraints such as salinity, drought and cold, as evidenced by improved chlorophyll contents, plant morphology, plant biomass, root length, shoot length and seed germination efficiency. Transgenic lines also exhibited high accumulation of proline, total sugar, reducing sugar, free amino acid and polyphenol, besides the low level of malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. SbCDR transgenic lines showed better relative water contents, membrane stability index and osmotic water potential. Furthermore, higher expression of ROS scavenging genes was observed in transgenic lines under stress. Moreover, microarray analysis revealed that several host genes were upregulated and downregulated under drought and salt stress conditions in SbCDR transgenic line compared with control (WT) plants. The results demonstrated that the overexpression of the halophytic SbCDR gene has intense effects on the abiotic stress tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants. However, the exact mode of action of SbCDR in multiple abiotic stress tolerance of plants is yet to be unveiled. It is believed that the precise role of SbCDR gene will provide additional information to comprehend the abiotic stress tolerance mechanism. Furthermore, it will appear as a promising candidate gene for improving stress tolerance in different crop plants for sustainable agriculture and crop productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Jha
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar (Gujarat), India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Jaykumar Patel
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar (Gujarat), India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Manish Kumar Patel
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar (Gujarat), India
| | - Avinash Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar (Gujarat), India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar (Gujarat), India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cell-Free Expression of a Plant Membrane Protein BrPT2 From Boesenbergia Rotunda. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:316-326. [PMID: 33565047 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Prenylation of aromatic natural products by membrane-bound prenyltransferases (PTs) is an important biosynthesis step of many bioactive compounds. At present, only a few plant flavonoid-related PT genes have been functionally characterized, mainly due to the difficulties of expressing these membrane proteins. Rapid and effective methods to produce functional plant membrane proteins are thus indispensable. Here, we evaluated expression systems through cell-based and cell-free approaches to express Boesenbergia rotunda BrPT2 encoding a membrane-bound prenyltransferase. We attempted to express BrPT2 in Escherichia coli and tobacco plants but failed to detect this protein using the Western-blot technique, whereas an intact single band of 43 kDa was detected when BrPT2 was expressed using a cell-free protein synthesis system (PURE). Under in vitro enzymatic condition, the synthesized BrPT2 successfully catalyzed pinostrobin chalcone to pinostrobin. Molecular docking analysis showed that pinostrobin chalcone interacts with BrPT2 at two cavities: (1) the main binding site at the central cavity and (2) the allosteric binding site located away from the central cavity. Our findings suggest that cell-free protein synthesis could be an alternative for rapid production of valuable difficult-to-express membrane proteins.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yadav S, Rathore MS, Mishra A. The Pyruvate-Phosphate Dikinase (C 4- SmPPDK) Gene From Suaeda monoica Enhances Photosynthesis, Carbon Assimilation, and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in a C 3 Plant Under Elevated CO 2 Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:345. [PMID: 32373137 PMCID: PMC7186359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A pyruvate-phosphate dikinase (C4-PPDK) gene was cloned from Suaeda monoica, which had a single-cell C4 photosynthesis pathway without Kranz anatomy and was functionally validated in a C3 model plant under different abiotic stress conditions in an ambient and elevated CO2 environment. Overexpression of SmPPDK promoted growth of C3 transgenic plants, enhancing their photosynthesis (CO2 assimilation) by lowering photorespiration under stress conditions. Transgenic plants also showed an improved physiological status, with higher relative water content (RWC), membrane integrity, concentration of glycine betaine, total soluble sugars, free amino acids, polyphenols and antioxidant activity, and lower electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, free radical accumulation, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), compared to control plants. Moreover, SmPPDK transgenic plants exhibited earlier flowering and higher dry biomass compared to controls. These results suggested that the C4-PPDK gene was appropriate for improvement of carbon assimilation, and it also played an important role in adaption to salinity and severe drought-induced stress. More intriguingly, an elevated CO2 environment alleviated the adverse effects of abiotic stress, particularly caused by drought through coordination of osmoprotectants and antioxidant defense systems. The molecular, physiological, metabolic, and biochemical indicators ameliorated the overall performance of model C3 plants overexpressing the C4-PPDK gene in an elevated CO2 environment, by lowering photorespiration metabolic processes, however, further studies are needed to confirm its precise role in C3 plants as protection against future climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Avinash Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yadav S, Mishra A. Ectopic expression of C 4 photosynthetic pathway genes improves carbon assimilation and alleviate stress tolerance for future climate change. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:195-209. [PMID: 32153323 PMCID: PMC7036372 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00751-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Alteration in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and other environmental factors are the significant cues of global climate change. Environmental factors affect the most fundamental biological process including photosynthesis and different metabolic pathways. The feeding of the rapidly growing world population is another challenge which imposes pressure to improve productivity and quality of the existing crops. C4 plants are considered the most productive, containing lower photorespiration, and higher water-use & N-assimilation efficiencies, compared to C3 plants. Besides, the C4-photosynthetic genes not only play an important role in carbon assimilation but also modulate abiotic stresses. In this review, fundamental three metabolic processes (C4, C3, and CAM) of carbon dioxide assimilation, the evolution of C4-photosynthetic genes, effect of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis, and overexpression of C4-photosynthetic genes for higher photosynthesis were discussed. Kranz-anatomy is considered an essential prerequisite for the terrestrial C4 carbon assimilation, but single-celled C4 plant species changed this well-established paradigm. C4 plants are insensitive to an elevated CO2 stress condition but performed better under stress conditions. Overexpression of essential C4-photosynthetic genes such as PEPC, PPDK, and NADP-ME in C3 plants like Arabidopsis, tobacco, rice, wheat, and potato not only improved photosynthesis but also provided tolerance to various environmental stresses, especially drought. The review provides useful information for sustainable productivity and yield under elevated CO2 environment, which to be explored further for CO2 assimilation and also abiotic stress tolerance. Additionally, it provides a better understanding to explore C4-photosynthetic gene(s) to cope with global warming and prospective adverse climatic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Yadav
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat India
| | - Avinash Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alexander A, Singh VK, Mishra A, Jha B. Plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BJ01 augments endurance against N2 starvation by modulating physiology and biochemical activities of Arachis hypogea. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222405. [PMID: 31513643 PMCID: PMC6742461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachis hypogea (Peanut) is one of the most important crops, and it is harvested and used for food and oil production. Being a legume crop, the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen is achieved through symbiotic association. Nitrogen deficiency is one of the major constrains for loss of crop productivity. The bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is known for interactions with plants. In this study, characteristics that promote plant growth were explored for their ability to enhance the growth of peanut plants under N2 deficit condition. In the presence of S. maltophilia, it was observed that fatty acid composition of peanut plants was influenced and increased contents of omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid and omega-6 fatty acid (γ-Linolenic acid) were detected. Plant growth was increased in plants co-cultivated with PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) under normal and stress (nitrogen deficient) condition. Electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, and H2O2 content reduced in plants, co-cultivated with PGPR under normal (grown in a media supplemented with N2 source; C+) or stress (nitrogen deficient N+) conditions compared to the corresponding control plants (i.e. not co-cultivated with PGPR; C-or N-). The growth hormone auxin, osmoprotectants (proline, total soluble sugars and total amino acids), total phenolic-compounds and total flavonoid content were enhanced in plants co-cultivated with PGPR. Additionally, antioxidant and free radical scavenging (DPPH, hydroxyl and H2O2) activities were increased in plants that were treated with PGPR under both normal and N2 deficit condition. Overall, these results indicate that plants co-cultivated with PGPR, S. maltophilia, increase plant growth, antioxidant levels, scavenging, and stress tolerance under N2 deficit condition. The beneficial use of bacterium S. maltophilia could be explored further as an efficient PGPR for growing agricultural crops under N2 deficit conditions. However, a detail agronomic study would be prerequisite to confirm its commercial role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Alexander
- Biotechnology and Phycology Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Biotechnology and Phycology Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Avinash Mishra
- Biotechnology and Phycology Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- Biotechnology and Phycology Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR, Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Farhat S, Jain N, Singh N, Sreevathsa R, Dash PK, Rai R, Yadav S, Kumar P, Sarkar AK, Jain A, Singh NK, Rai V. CRISPR-Cas9 directed genome engineering for enhancing salt stress tolerance in rice. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 96:91-99. [PMID: 31075379 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Crop productivity in rice is harshly limited due to high concentration of salt in the soil. To understand the intricacies of the mechanism it is important to unravel the key pathways operating inside the plant cell. Emerging state-of-the art technologies have provided the tools to discover the key components inside the plant cell for salt tolerance. Among the molecular entities, transcription factors and/or other important components of sensing and signaling cascades have been the attractive targets and the role of NHX and SOS1 transporters amply described. Not only marker assisted programs but also transgenic approaches by using reverse genetic strategies (knockout or knockdown) or overexpression have been extensively used to engineer rice crop. CRISPR/Cas is an attractive paradigm and provides the feasibility for manipulating several genes simultaneously. Here, in this review we highlight some of the molecular entities that could be potentially targeted for generating rice amenable to sustain growth under high salinity conditions by employing CRISPR/Cas. We also try to address key questions for rice salt stress tolerance other than what is already known.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sufia Farhat
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Neha Jain
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Nisha Singh
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Rohini Sreevathsa
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Prasanta K Dash
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Rhitu Rai
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Pramod Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Ananda K Sarkar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Ajay Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Jaipur, India.
| | - Nagendra K Singh
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Vandna Rai
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, PUSA Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Magwanga RO, Lu P, Kirungu JN, Dong Q, Cai X, Zhou Z, Wang X, Hou Y, Xu Y, Peng R, Agong SG, Wang K, Fang L. Knockdown of Cytochrome P450 Genes Gh_D07G1197 and Gh_A13G2057 on Chromosomes D07 and A13 Reveals Their Putative Role in Enhancing Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030226. [PMID: 30889904 PMCID: PMC6471685 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified 672, 374, and 379 CYPs proteins encoded by the CYPs genes in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium raimondii, and Gossypium arboreum, respectively. The genes were found to be distributed in all 26 chromosomes of the tetraploid cotton, with chrA05, chrA12, and their homeolog chromosomes harboring the highest number of genes. The physiochemical properties of the proteins encoded by the CYP450 genes varied in terms of their protein lengths, molecular weight, isoelectric points (pI), and even grand hydropathy values (GRAVY). However, over 99% of the cotton proteins had GRAVY values below 0, which indicated that the majority of the proteins encoded by the CYP450 genes were hydrophilic in nature, a common property of proteins encoded by stress-responsive genes. Moreover, through the RNA interference (RNAi) technique, the expression levels of Gh_D07G1197 and Gh_A13G2057 were suppressed, and the silenced plants showed a higher concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with a significant reduction in the concentration levels of glutathione (GSH), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and proline compared to the wild types under drought and salt stress conditions. Furthermore, the stress-responsive genes 1-Pyrroline–5-Carboxylate Synthetase (GhP5CS), superoxide dismutase (GhSOD), and myeloblastosis (GhMYB) were downregulated in VIGS plants, but showed upregulation in the leaf tissues of the wild types under drought and salt stress conditions. In addition, CYP450-silenced cotton plants exhibited a high level of oxidative injury due to high levels of oxidant enzymes, in addition to negative effects on CMS, ELWL, RLWC, and chlorophyll content The results provide the basic foundation for future exploration of the proteins encoded by the CYP450 genes in order to understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms in enhancing drought and salt stress tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Odongo Magwanga
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
- School of Biological and Physical sciences (SBPS), Main campus, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST), P.O Box 210-40601, Bondo 210-40601, Kenya.
| | - Pu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Joy Nyangasi Kirungu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Xingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Yuqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Renhai Peng
- Research Base in Anyang Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Anyang Institute of technology, State key laboratory of cotton R.P, Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Stephen Gaya Agong
- School of Biological and Physical sciences (SBPS), Main campus, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST), P.O Box 210-40601, Bondo 210-40601, Kenya.
| | - Kunbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| | - Liu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan 455000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tiwari V, Patel MK, Chaturvedi AK, Mishra A, Jha B. Cloning and functional characterization of the Na+/H+ antiporter (NHX1) gene promoter from an extreme halophyte Salicornia brachiata. Gene 2019; 683:233-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
15
|
Mishra P, Jain A, Takabe T, Tanaka Y, Negi M, Singh N, Jain N, Mishra V, Maniraj R, Krishnamurthy SL, Sreevathsa R, Singh NK, Rai V. Heterologous Expression of Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase-3 From Rice Confers Tolerance to Salinity Stress in E. coli and Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:217. [PMID: 30941150 PMCID: PMC6433796 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Among abiotic stresses, salt stress adversely affects growth and development in rice. Contrasting salt tolerant (CSR27), and salt sensitive (MI48) rice varieties provided information on an array of genes that may contribute for salt tolerance of rice. Earlier studies on transcriptome and proteome profiling led to the identification of salt stress-induced serine hydroxymethyltransferase-3 (SHMT3) gene. In the present study, the SHMT3 gene was isolated from salt-tolerant (CSR27) rice. OsSHMT3 exhibited salinity-stress induced accentuated and differential expression levels in different tissues of rice. OsSHMT3 was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and assayed for enzymatic activity and modeling protein structure. Further, Arabidopsis transgenic plants overexpressing OsSHMT3 exhibited tolerance toward salt stress. Comparative analyses of OsSHMT3 vis a vis wild type by ionomic, transcriptomic, and metabolic profiling, protein expression and analysis of various traits revealed a pivotal role of OsSHMT3 in conferring tolerance toward salt stress. The gene can further be used in developing gene-based markers for salt stress to be employed in marker assisted breeding programs. HIGHLIGHTS - The study provides information on mechanistic details of serine hydroxymethyl transferase gene for its salt tolerance in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Mishra
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Jaipur, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Jaipur, India
| | - Teruhiro Takabe
- Plant Biotechnology Research Centre, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tanaka
- Plant Biotechnology Research Centre, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Manisha Negi
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nisha Singh
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Jain
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vagish Mishra
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Maniraj
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rohini Sreevathsa
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nagendra K. Singh
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandna Rai
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Vandna Rai,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li F, Zhang H, Zhao H, Gao T, Song A, Jiang J, Chen F, Chen S. Chrysanthemum CmHSFA4 gene positively regulates salt stress tolerance in transgenic chrysanthemum. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:1311-1321. [PMID: 29230937 PMCID: PMC5999316 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity-induced Na+ toxicity and oxidative stress hamper plant growth. Here, we showed that expression of the chrysanthemum CmHSFA4, a homologue of the heat-shock factor AtHSFA4a, is inducible by salt and localizes to the nucleus. It is a transcription activator binding with HSE. Chrysanthemum overexpressing CmHSFA4 displayed enhanced salinity tolerance by limiting Na+ accumulation while maintaining K+ concentration, which is consistent with the up-regulation of ion transporters CmSOS1 and CmHKT2. Additionally, the transgenic plants reduced H2 O2 and O2∙- accumulation under salinity, which could be due to up-regulation of ROS scavenger activities such as SOD, APX and CAT as well as CmHSP70, CmHSP90. Together, these results suggest that CmHSFA4 conferred salinity tolerance in chrysanthemum as a consequence of Na+ /K+ ion and ROS homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Huanru Zhang
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Husheng Zhao
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tianwei Gao
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Aiping Song
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fadi Chen
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Sumei Chen
- College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ren Y, Chen Y, An J, Zhao Z, Zhang G, Wang Y, Wang W. Wheat expansin gene TaEXPA2 is involved in conferring plant tolerance to Cd toxicity. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 270:245-256. [PMID: 29576078 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a severe and toxic heavy metal pollutant that affects plant growth and development. In this study, we found that the expression of an expansin gene, TaEXPA2, was upregulated in wheat leaves under CdCl2 toxicity. We characterized the involvement of TaEXPA2 in conferring Cd tolerance. Tobacco plants overexpressing TaEXPA2 showed higher germination rate, root elongation, and biomass accumulation compared to the wild-type (WT) plants upon CdCl2 treatment. The improved photosynthetic parameters and lesser cellular damage in transgenic plants exposed to Cd compared to that in the WT plants suggest that TaEXPA2 overexpression improves Cd tolerance in plants. Furthermore, we noticed that Cd was efficiently effluxed out of the cytoplasm in the transgenic plants owing to the enhanced activities of H+-ATPase, V-ATPase, and PPase, which helped in conferring Cd tolerance. Moreover, Cd concentration and ROS accumulation were lower in the transgenic plants than in WT plants as a consequence of enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in the former. In addition, atexpa2, an Arabidopsis mutant, exhibited lower biomass and shorter primary root compared to its WT under Cd toxicity; however, the phenotype was recovered upon expression of TaEXPA2 in these mutants. Our results demonstrate that TaEXPA2 confers tolerance to Cd toxicity. The changed absorption/transportation of Cd and the antioxidative capacity may be involved in the improved tolerance of the transgenic plants with overexpression of TaEXPA2 to CdCl2 toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, PR China; Research Institute of Pomology of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, Liaoning 125100, PR China
| | - Jie An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Zhongxian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Guangqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mishra A, Tanna B. Halophytes: Potential Resources for Salt Stress Tolerance Genes and Promoters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:829. [PMID: 28572812 PMCID: PMC5435751 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Halophytes have demonstrated their capability to thrive under extremely saline conditions and thus considered as one of the best germplasm for saline agriculture. Salinity is a worldwide problem, and the salt-affected areas are increasing day-by-day because of scanty rainfall, poor irrigation system, salt ingression, water contamination, and other environmental factors. The salinity stress tolerance mechanism is a very complex phenomenon, and some pathways are coordinately linked for imparting salinity tolerance. Though a number of salt responsive genes have been reported from the halophytes, there is always a quest for promising stress-responsive genes that can modulate plant physiology according to the salt stress. Halophytes such as Aeluropus, Mesembryanthemum, Suaeda, Atriplex, Thellungiella, Cakile, and Salicornia serve as a potential candidate for the salt-responsive genes and promoters. Several known genes like antiporters (NHX, SOS, HKT, VTPase), ion channels (Cl-, Ca2+, aquaporins), antioxidant encoding genes (APX, CAT, GST, BADH, SOD) and some novel genes such as USP, SDR1, SRP etc. were isolated from halophytes and explored for developing stress tolerance in the crop plants (glycophytes). It is evidenced that stress triggers salt sensors that lead to the activation of stress tolerance mechanisms which involve multiple signaling proteins, up- or down-regulation of several genes, and finally the distinctive or collective effects of stress-responsive genes. In this review, halophytes are discussed as an excellent platform for salt responsive genes which can be utilized for developing salinity tolerance in crop plants through genetic engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Mishra
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR)Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Bhakti Tanna
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR)Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchNew Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|