1
|
Ferrario E, Kallio JP, Emdadi M, Strømland Ø, Rack JGM, Ziegler M. Evolution of fungal tuberculosis necrotizing toxin (TNT) domain-containing enzymes reveals divergent adaptations to enhance NAD cleavage. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5071. [PMID: 38895984 PMCID: PMC11187862 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis necrotizing toxin (TNT) is a protein domain discovered on the outer membrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. TNT domains have pure NAD(P) hydrolytic activity, setting them apart from other NAD-cleaving domains such as ADP-ribosyl cyclase and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domains which form a wider set of products. Importantly, the Mtb TNT domain has been shown to be involved in immune evasion via depletion of the intracellular NAD pool of macrophages. Therefore, an intriguing hypothesis is that TNT domains act as "NAD killers" in host cells facilitating pathogenesis. Here, we explore the phylogenetic distribution of TNT domains and detect their presence solely in bacteria and fungi. Within fungi, we discerned six TNT clades. In addition, X-ray crystallography and AlphaFold2 modeling unveiled clade-specific strategies to promote homodimer stabilization of the fungal enzymes, namely, Ca2+ binding, disulfide bonds, or hydrogen bonds. We show that dimer stabilization is a requirement for NADase activity and that the group-specific strategies affect the active site conformation, thereby modulating enzyme activity. Together, these findings reveal the evolutionary lineage of fungal TNT enzymes, corroborating the hypothesis of them being pure extracellular NAD (eNAD) cleavers, with possible involvement in microbial warfare and host immune evasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahdi Emdadi
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar RMS, Ramesh SV, Sun Z, Thankappan S, Nulu NPC, Binodh AK, Kalaipandian S, Srinivasan R. Capsicum chinense Jacq.-derived glutaredoxin (CcGRXS12) alters redox status of the cells to confer resistance against pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV-I). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:108. [PMID: 38557872 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The CcGRXS12 gene protects plants from cellular oxidative damage that are caused by both biotic and abiotic stresses. The protein possesses GSH-disulphide oxidoreductase property but lacks Fe-S cluster assembly mechanism. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are small, ubiquitous and multi-functional proteins. They are present in different compartments of plant cells. A chloroplast targeted Class I GRX (CcGRXS12) gene was isolated from Capsicum chinense during the pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) infection. Functional characterization of the gene was performed in Nicotiana benthamiana transgenic plants transformed with native C. chinense GRX (Nb:GRX), GRX-fused with GFP (Nb:GRX-GFP) and GRX-truncated for chloroplast sequences fused with GFP (Nb:Δ2MGRX-GFP). Overexpression of CcGRXS12 inhibited the PMMoV-I accumulation at the later stage of infection, accompanied with the activation of salicylic acid (SA) pathway pathogenesis-related (PR) transcripts and suppression of JA/ET pathway transcripts. Further, the reduced accumulation of auxin-induced Glutathione-S-Transferase (pCNT103) in CcGRXS12 overexpressing lines indicated that the protein could protect the plants from the oxidative stress caused by the virus. PMMoV-I infection increased the accumulation of pyridine nucleotides (PNs) mainly due to the reduced form of PNs (NAD(P)H), and it was high in Nb:GRX-GFP lines compared to other transgenic lines. Apart from biotic stress, CcGRXS12 protects the plants from abiotic stress conditions caused by H2O2 and herbicide paraquat. CcGRXS12 exhibited GSH-disulphide oxidoreductase activity in vitro; however, it was devoid of complementary Fe-S cluster assembly mechanism found in yeast. Overall, this study proves that CcGRXS12 plays a crucial role during biotic and abiotic stress in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Saravana Kumar
- Department of Microbial and Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
| | - S V Ramesh
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671 124, India
| | - Z Sun
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, China
| | - Sugitha Thankappan
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Asish Kanakaraj Binodh
- Center for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaravelpandian Kalaipandian
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
- School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia
| | - Ramachandran Srinivasan
- Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Harris FM, Mou Z. Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns and Systemic Signaling. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:308-327. [PMID: 37665354 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-03-23-0104-rvw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellular damage inflicted by wounding, pathogen infection, and herbivory releases a variety of host-derived metabolites, degraded structural components, and peptides into the extracellular space that act as alarm signals when perceived by adjacent cells. These so-called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) function through plasma membrane localized pattern recognition receptors to regulate wound and immune responses. In plants, DAMPs act as elicitors themselves, often inducing immune outputs such as calcium influx, reactive oxygen species generation, defense gene expression, and phytohormone signaling. Consequently, DAMP perception results in a priming effect that enhances resistance against subsequent pathogen infections. Alongside their established function in local tissues, recent evidence supports a critical role of DAMP signaling in generation and/or amplification of mobile signals that induce systemic immune priming. Here, we summarize the identity, signaling, and synergy of proposed and established plant DAMPs, with a focus on those with published roles in systemic signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Harris
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang Y, Liu Q, Jibrin M, Mou Z, Dufault N, Li Y, Zhang S. Evaluating Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide for Its Effects on Halo Blight of Snap Bean. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:675-681. [PMID: 35881875 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-22-1126-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Halo blight, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, is one of the major bacterial diseases on snap bean in Florida, and the outbreaks of this disease have occurred more often in recent years. Current management of this disease primarily depends on application of fixed copper-based bactericides but climate change and resistance development in the pathogen populations still cause hardship for management of this disease, especially in south Florida. In this study, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) was evaluated in the greenhouse for its potential to reduce halo blight on snap bean. When NAD+ at 5 mM was applied by soil drench, foliar spray, or leaf infiltration, NAD+ significantly (P < 0.05) reduced disease severity of halo blight on snap bean compared with the untreated control. When NAD+ was applied by leaf infiltration, among the tested concentrations, NAD+ at 0.5 to 1.0 mM was most effective in decreasing halo blight disease. NAD+ at 2.5 mM applied as a foliar spray in rotation with Kocide 3000 (copper hydroxide) at 0.5 mg/ml further reduced disease severity compared with Kocide 3000 alone. In the in vitro study, no inhibitory effects of NAD+ were detected on the bacterial pathogen P. syringae pv. phaseolicola. Results of real-time PCR showed that the defense-related genes PR1, AZI1, EDS1, SARD1, PDF1.2, and PAL1 were upregulated in the NAD+ treatment. Taken together, these data indicated that NAD+ significantly suppressed halo blight on snap bean, and application of NAD+ has the potential in management of this important disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32601
| | - Qingchun Liu
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
| | - Mustafa Jibrin
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32601
| | - Nicholas Dufault
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32601
| | - Yuncong Li
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
| | - Shouan Zhang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL 32601
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu C, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Zhang M, Meng X, Li Y, Liu B, Yin Z, Liu H, Peng C, Li F, Yue Y, Hao M, Sui Y, Wang L, Cheng G, Liu J, Chu Z, Zhu C, Dong H, Ding X. Discovery of a novel nucleoside immune signaling molecule 2'-deoxyguanosine in microbes and plants. J Adv Res 2022; 46:1-15. [PMID: 35811061 PMCID: PMC10105077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beneficial microorganisms play essential roles in plant growth and induced systemic resistance (ISR) by releasing signaling molecules. Our previous study obtained the crude extract from beneficial endophyte Paecilomyces variotii, termed ZNC (ZhiNengCong), which significantly enhanced plant resistance to pathogen even at 100 ng/ml. However, the immunoreactive components of ZNC remain unclear. Here, we further identified one of the immunoreactive components of ZNC is a nucleoside 2'-deoxyguanosine (2-dG). OBJECTIVES This paper intends to reveal the molecular mechanism of microbial-derived 2'-deoxyguanosine (2-dG) in activating plant immunity, and the role of plant-derived 2-dG in plant immunity. METHODS The components of ZNC were separated using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and 2-dG is identified using a HPLC-mass spectrometry system (LC-MS). Transcriptome analysis and genetic experiments were used to reveal the immune signaling pathway dependent on 2-dG activation of plant immunity. RESULTS This study identified 2'-deoxyguanosine (2-dG) as one of the immunoreactive components from ZNC. And 2-dG significantly enhanced plant pathogen resistance even at 10 ng/ml (37.42 nM). Furthermore, 2-dG-induced resistance depends on NPR1, pattern-recognition receptors/coreceptors, ATP receptor P2K1 (DORN1), ethylene signaling but not salicylic acid accumulation. In addition, we identified Arabidopsis VENOSA4 (VEN4) was involved in 2-dG biosynthesis and could convert dGTP to 2-dG, and vne4 mutant plants were more susceptible to pathogens. CONCLUSION In summary, microbial-derived 2-dG may act as a novel immune signaling molecule involved in plant-microorganism interactions, and VEN4 is 2-dG biosynthesis gene and plays a key role in plant immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongchong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qingbin Wang
- Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., LTD, Taian 271018, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yanke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Min Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xuanlin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Baoyou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ziyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Chune Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Fuchuan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Yingzhe Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Mingxia Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yurong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Guodong Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Changxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hansong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Infantes L, Rivera-Moreno M, Daniel-Mozo M, Benavente JL, Ocaña-Cuesta J, Coego A, Lozano-Juste J, Rodriguez PL, Albert A. Structure-Based Modulation of the Ligand Sensitivity of a Tomato Dimeric Abscisic Acid Receptor Through a Glu to Asp Mutation in the Latch Loop. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:884029. [PMID: 35734246 PMCID: PMC9207482 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.884029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The binding of the plant phytohormone Abscisic acid (ABA) to the family of ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR) triggers plant responses to abiotic stress. Thus, the implementation of genetic or chemical strategies to modulate PYR/PYL activity might be biotechnologically relevant. We have employed the available structural information on the PYR/PYL receptors to design SlPYL1, a tomato receptor, harboring a single point mutation that displays enhanced ABA dependent and independent activity. Interestingly, crystallographic studies show that this mutation is not directly involved in ABA recognition or in the downstream phosphatase (PP2C) inhibitory interaction, rather, molecular dynamic based ensemble refinement restrained by crystallographic data indicates that it enhances the conformational variability required for receptor activation and it is involved in the stabilization of an active form of the receptor. Moreover, structural studies on this receptor have led to the identification of niacin as an ABA antagonist molecule in vivo. We have found that niacin blocks the ABA binding site by mimicking ABA receptor interactions, and the niacin interaction inhibits the biochemical activity of the receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Infantes
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Rivera-Moreno
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Daniel-Mozo
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Benavente
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ocaña-Cuesta
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Coego
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro L. Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Armando Albert
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Long Y, Luo R, Xu Z, Cheng S, Li L, Ma H, Bao M, Li M, Ouyang Z, Wang N, Duan S. A Fluorescent Reporter-Based Evaluation Assay for Antibacterial Components Against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:864963. [PMID: 35602035 PMCID: PMC9114712 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.864963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is the agent of citrus bacterial canker (CBC) disease, which has significantly reduced citrus quantity and quality in many producing areas worldwide. Copper-based bactericides are the primary products for CBC control and management, but the problems derived from copper-resistant and environmental contamination have become issues of anxiety. Thus, there is a need to find alternative antibacterial products instead of relying on a single type of agent. This study developed a method to evaluate the inhibition of antibacterial agents using the fluorescence-labeled recombinant Xcc strain (Xcc-eYFP). The optimization of timelines and parameters for the evaluation of antibacterial agents involved the use of a Spark™ multimode microplate reader. This evaluation and screening method can be applied to bactericides, cocktail-mixture formulations, antagonistic bacteria, and derived metabolites. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of commercial bactericides determined by fluorescence agrees with the MIC values determined by the conventional method. A screened cocktail-mixture bactericide presents more activity than the individual agents during the protective effects. Notably, this method has been further developed in the screening of Xcc-antagonistic bacterial strains. In summary, we provide a validated strategy for screening and evaluation of different antibacterial components for inhibition against Xcc for CBC control and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Long
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ruifang Luo
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shuyuan Cheng
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Haijie Ma
- College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minli Bao
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Ouyang
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States
| | - Shuo Duan
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Duan S, Long Y, Cheng S, Li J, Ouyang Z, Wang N. Rapid Evaluation of the Resistance of Citrus Germplasms Against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:765-774. [PMID: 34495678 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-21-0175-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is the causal agent of citrus bacterial canker (CBC), one of the most devastating citrus diseases. Most commercial citrus varieties are susceptible to CBC. However, some citrus varieties and wild citrus germplasms are CBC resistant and are promising in genetic increases in citrus resistance against CBC. We aimed to evaluate citrus germplasms for resistance against CBC. First, we developed a rapid evaluation method based on enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eYFP)-labeled Xcc. The results demonstrated that eYFP does not affect the growth and virulence of Xcc. Xcc-eYFP allows measurement of bacterial titers but is more efficient and rapid than the plate colony counting method. Next, we evaluated citrus germplasms collected in China. Based on symptoms and bacterial titers, we identified that two citrus germplasms ('Ichang' papeda and 'Huapi' kumquat) are resistant, whereas eight citrus germplasms ('Chongyi' wild mandarin, 'Mangshan' wild mandarin, 'Ledong' kumquat, 'Dali' citron, 'Yiliang' citron, 'Longyan' kumquat, 'Bawang' kumquat, and 'Daoxian' wild mandarin) are tolerant. In summary, we have developed a rapid evaluation method to test the resistance of citrus plants against CBC. This method was successfully used to identify two highly canker-resistant citrus germplasms and eight citrus germplasms with canker tolerance. These results could be leveraged in traditional breeding contexts or be used to identify canker resistance genes to increase the disease resistance of commercial citrus varieties via biotechnological approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Duan
- Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Yunfei Long
- Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Shuyuan Cheng
- Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Jinyun Li
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, U.S.A
| | - Zhigang Ouyang
- Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nounurai P, Afifah A, Kittisenachai S, Roytrakul S. Phosphorylation of CAD1, PLDdelta, NDT1, RPM1 Proteins Induce Resistance in Tomatoes Infected by Ralstonia solanacearum. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060726. [PMID: 35336608 PMCID: PMC8954572 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacaerum is one of the most devastating bacteria causing bacterial wilt disease in more than 200 species of plants, especially those belonging to the family Solanaceae. To cope with this pathogen, plants have evolved different resistance mechanisms depending on signal transduction after perception. Phosphorylation is the central regulatory component of the signal transduction pathway. We investigated a comparative phosphoproteomics analysis of the stems of resistant and susceptible tomatoes at 15 min and 30 min after inoculation with Ralstonia solanacearum to determine the phosphorylated proteins involved in induced resistance. Phosphoprotein profiling analyses led to the identification of 969 phosphoproteins classified into 10 functional categories. Among these, six phosphoproteins were uniquely identified in resistant plants including cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (CAD1), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 18 (MAPKKK18), phospholipase D delta (PLDDELTA), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide transporter 1 (NDT1), B3 domain-containing transcription factor VRN1, and disease resistance protein RPM1 (RPM1). These proteins are typically involved in defense mechanisms across different plant species. qRT-PCR analyses were performed to evaluate the level of expression of these genes in resistant and susceptible tomatoes. This study provides useful data, leading to an understanding of the early defense mechanisms of tomatoes against R. solanacearum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prachumporn Nounurai
- Innovative Plant Biotechnology and Precision Agriculture Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Correspondence: (P.N.); (S.R.); Tel.: +66-25646700 (P.N. & S.R.)
| | - Anis Afifah
- Molecular and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Diponegoro University, Jawa Tengah 50275, Indonesia;
| | - Suthathip Kittisenachai
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (P.N.); (S.R.); Tel.: +66-25646700 (P.N. & S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang L, Liu H, Yin Z, Li Y, Lu C, Wang Q, Ding X. A Novel Guanine Elicitor Stimulates Immunity in Arabidopsis and Rice by Ethylene and Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:841228. [PMID: 35251109 PMCID: PMC8893958 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.841228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most destructive diseases in rice. Fungicides are widely used to control ShB in agriculture. However, decades of excessive traditional fungicide use have led to environmental pollution and increased pathogen resistance. Generally, plant elicitors are regarded as environmentally friendly biological pesticides that enhance plant disease resistance by triggering plant immunity. Previously, we identified that the plant immune inducer ZhiNengCong (ZNC), a crude extract of the endophyte, has high activity and a strong ability to protect plants against pathogens. Here, we further found that guanine, which had a significant effect on inducing plant resistance to pathogens, might be an active component of ZNC. In our study, guanine activated bursts of reactive oxygen species, callose deposition and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. Moreover, guanine-induced plant resistance to pathogens depends on ethylene and jasmonic acid but is independent of the salicylic acid signaling pathway. Most importantly, guanine functions as a new plant elicitor with broad-spectrum resistance to activate plant immunity, providing an efficient and environmentally friendly biological elicitor for bacterial and fungal disease biocontrol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Haoqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Ziyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Chongchong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Qingbin Wang
- Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tai’an, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Regmi H, Abdelsamad N, DiGennaro P, Desaeger J. Potential of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) for management of root-knot nematode in tomato. J Nematol 2021; 53:e2021-94. [PMID: 34790900 PMCID: PMC8588725 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) has been shown to induce plant defense responses to different plant pathogens, including reducing northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, penetration and increasing plant mass in tomato. We wanted to further evaluate NAD that are effective against the more economically important species, M. incognita and whether NAD treatments of tomato seedlings in transplant trays can protect plants in the field. Different NAD concentrations (1 mM, 0.1 mM and 0.01 mM) and three application timings (pre; post; pre and post inoculation) were evaluated in growth room and greenhouse trials. The highest tested NAD concentration (1 mM) suppressed second-stage juveniles (J2) infection for all three application methods. Root gall ratings at 30 days after inoculation (DAI) were also suppressed by 1 mM NAD compared to the other two concentrations, and egg mass number was significantly suppressed for all concentrations and application timings compared to the non-treated control. The rate of 1 mM NAD for all three application timings also improved plant growth at 30 DAI. Long-term effects of 1 mM NAD (pre, pre + post, or post applications) on nematode infection, growth and yield of tomato were evaluated in two additional experiments. All NAD applications suppressed root galls after 60 days, but only the pre + post 1 mM NAD application suppressed gall severity at 105 days, as well as suppressed egg counts by 50% at 60 DAT. No significant difference in plant biomass and fruit yield after 105 days was observed among the treatments. Two field trials were conducted in spring and fall 2020 using tomato seedlings (cv. HM 1823) treated with two different NAD concentrations (1 mM and 5 mM in spring; 5 mM and 10 mM in fall) and transplanting seedlings in fumigated (chloropicrin ± 1,3-dichloropropene) and non-fumigated plastic-mulch beds. No significant impact of NAD in terms of reducing RKN severity or overall tomato growth and production was seen in fumigated beds, but in non-fumigated beds 5 mM NAD slightly increased early fruit yield in spring, and 10 mM NAD reduced root-knot soil populations in fall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Homan Regmi
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (GCREC), Wimauma, FL, 33598
| | - Noor Abdelsamad
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Services (USDA-ARS), San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA, 93648
| | - Peter DiGennaro
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608
| | - Johan Desaeger
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (GCREC), Wimauma, FL, 33598
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shin K, Kwon SH, Lee SC, Moon YE. Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Citrus Scab Using an RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a System Combined with a Lateral Flow Assay. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102132. [PMID: 34685941 PMCID: PMC8539466 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Citrus is the most extensively produced fruit tree crop in the world and is grown in over 130 countries. Fungal diseases in citrus can cause significant losses in yield and quality. An accurate diagnosis is critical for determining the best management practices and preventing future losses. In this study, a Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated (Cas) system was established with the integration of a lateral flow assay (LFA) readout system for diagnosis of citrus scab. This detection can be completed within 1 h, is highly sensitive and prevents cross-reactions with other common fungal citrus diseases. Furthermore, the detection system is compatible with crude DNA extracted from infected plant tissue. This RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-LFA system provides a sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective method with promising and significant practical value for point-of-care diagnosis of citrus scab. To our knowledge, this is the first report to establish an RPA- and CRISPR-based method with LFA for fungal diseases in plants.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bayless AM, Nishimura MT. Enzymatic Functions for Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain Proteins in the Plant Immune System. Front Genet 2020; 11:539. [PMID: 32582284 PMCID: PMC7282519 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationally engineered improvements to crop plants will be needed to keep pace with increasing demands placed on agricultural systems by population growth and climate change. Engineering of plant immune systems provides an opportunity to increase yields by limiting losses to pathogens. Intracellular immune receptors are commonly used as agricultural disease resistance traits. Despite their importance, how intracellular immune receptors confer disease resistance is still unknown. One major class of immune receptors in dicots contains a Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor (TIR) domain. The mechanisms of TIR-containing proteins during plant immunity have remained elusive. The TIR domain is an ancient module found in archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic proteins. In animals, TIR domains serve a structural role by generating innate immune signaling complexes. The unusual animal TIR-protein, SARM1, was recently discovered to function instead as an enzyme that depletes cellular NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to trigger axonal cell death. Two recent reports have found that plant TIR proteins also have the ability to cleave NAD+. This presents a new paradigm from which to consider how plant TIR immune receptors function. Here, we will review recent reports of the structure and function of TIR-domain containing proteins. Intriguingly, it appears that TIR proteins in all kingdoms may use similar enzymatic mechanisms in a variety of cell death and immune pathways. We will also discuss TIR structure–function hypotheses in light of the recent publication of the ZAR1 resistosome structure. Finally, we will explore the evolutionary context of plant TIR-containing proteins and their downstream signaling components across phylogenies and the functional implications of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Bayless
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Marc T Nishimura
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li Q, Wang C, Mou Z. Perception of Damaged Self in Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1545-1565. [PMID: 31907298 PMCID: PMC7140957 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants use specific receptor proteins on the cell surface to detect host-derived danger signals released in response to attacks by pathogens or herbivores and activate immune responses against them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Chenggang Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dono G, Rambla JL, Frusciante S, Granell A, Diretto G, Mazzucato A. Color Mutations Alter the Biochemical Composition in the San Marzano Tomato Fruit. Metabolites 2020; 10:E110. [PMID: 32183449 PMCID: PMC7143285 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10030110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
San Marzano (SM) is a traditional Italian landrace characterized by red elongated fruits, originating in the province of Naples (Italy) and cultivated worldwide. Three mutations, yellow flesh (r), green flesh (gf) and colorless fruit epidermis (y) were introduced into SM by backcross and the resulting introgression lines (ILs) produced the expected yellow, brown and pink fruit variants. In addition, ILs carrying double combinations of those mutations were obtained. The six ILs plus the SM reference were analyzed for volatile (VOC), non-polar (NP) and polar (P) metabolites. Sixty-eight VOCs were identified, and several differences evidenced in the ILs; overall gf showed epistasis over r and y and r over y. Analysis of the NP component identified 54 metabolites; variation in early carotenoids (up to lycopene) and chlorophylls characterized respectively the ILs containing r and gf. In addition, compounds belonging to the quinone and xanthophyll classes were present in genotypes carrying the r mutation at levels higher than SM. Finally, the analysis of 129 P metabolites evidenced different levels of vitamins, amino acids, lipids and phenylpropanoids in the ILs. A correlation network approach was used to investigate metabolite-metabolite relationships in the mutant lines. Altogether these differences potentially modified the hedonistic and nutritional value of the berry. In summary, single and combined mutations in gf, r and y generated interesting visual and compositional diversity in the SM landrace, while maintaining its original typology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Dono
- DAFNE Dept. of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S.C. de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Jose Luis Rambla
- IBMCP Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (CSIC-UPV), Carrer de l’Enginyer Fausto Elio, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.R.); (A.G.)
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Jaume I University, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n. 12071 Castellòn de la Plana, Spain
| | - Sarah Frusciante
- ENEA, Casaccia Research Center, Via Anguillarese 301, S. Maria di Galeria, 00123 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Antonio Granell
- IBMCP Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (CSIC-UPV), Carrer de l’Enginyer Fausto Elio, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Gianfranco Diretto
- ENEA, Casaccia Research Center, Via Anguillarese 301, S. Maria di Galeria, 00123 Rome, Italy; (S.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Andrea Mazzucato
- DAFNE Dept. of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S.C. de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fernie A, Hashida SN, Yoshimura K, Gakière B, Mou Z, Pétriacq P. Editorial: NAD Metabolism and Signaling in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:146. [PMID: 32161612 PMCID: PMC7054218 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alisdair Fernie
- Department of Molecular Physiology, MPI of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Shin-nosuke Hashida
- Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Abiko-shi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yoshimura
- Department of Food and Nutritional Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Bertrand Gakière
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213/UMR1403, CNRS, INRAE, Université d’Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Sud, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Saclay Plant Sciences, Orsay, France
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR BFP, Plateforme Bordeaux Metabolome, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Decros G, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Cabasson C, Bernillon S, Arrivault S, Guenther M, Belouah I, Prigent S, Baldet P, Gibon Y, Pétriacq P. Regulation of Pyridine Nucleotide Metabolism During Tomato Fruit Development Through Transcript and Protein Profiling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1201. [PMID: 31681351 PMCID: PMC6798084 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Central metabolism is the engine of plant biomass, supplying fruit growth with building blocks, energy, and biochemical cofactors. Among metabolic cornerstones, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is particularly pivotal for electron transfer through reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions, thus participating in a myriad of biochemical processes. Besides redox functions, NAD is now assumed to act as an integral regulator of signaling cascades involved in growth and environmental responses. However, the regulation of NAD metabolism and signaling during fruit development remains poorly studied and understood. Here, we benefit from RNAseq and proteomic data obtained from nine growth stages of tomato fruit (var. Moneymaker) to dissect mRNA and protein profiles that link to NAD metabolism, including de novo biosynthesis, recycling, utilization, and putative transport. As expected for a cofactor synthesis pathway, protein profiles failed to detect enzymes involved in NAD synthesis or utilization, except for nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (NaPT) and nicotinamidase (NIC), which suggested that most NAD metabolic enzymes were poorly represented quantitatively. Further investigations on transcript data unveiled differential expression patterns during fruit development. Interestingly, among specific NAD metabolism-related genes, early de novo biosynthetic genes were transcriptionally induced in very young fruits, in association with NAD kinase, while later stages of fruit growth rather showed an accumulation of transcripts involved in later stages of de novo synthesis and in NAD recycling, which agreed with augmented NAD(P) levels. In addition, a more global overview of 119 mRNA and 78 protein significant markers for NAD(P)-dependent enzymes revealed differential patterns during tomato growth that evidenced clear regulations of primary metabolism, notably with respect to mitochondrial functions. Overall, we propose that NAD metabolism and signaling are very dynamic in the developing tomato fruit and that its differential regulation is certainly critical to fuel central metabolism linking to growth mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sophie Colombié
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Cécile Cabasson
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Stéphane Bernillon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Department 2, Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Manuela Guenther
- Department 2, Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Isma Belouah
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Decros G, Baldet P, Beauvoit B, Stevens R, Flandin A, Colombié S, Gibon Y, Pétriacq P. Get the Balance Right: ROS Homeostasis and Redox Signalling in Fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1091. [PMID: 31620143 PMCID: PMC6760520 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant central metabolism generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are key regulators that mediate signalling pathways involved in developmental processes and plant responses to environmental fluctuations. These highly reactive metabolites can lead to cellular damage when the reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis becomes unbalanced. Whilst decades of research have studied redox homeostasis in leaves, fundamental knowledge in fruit biology is still fragmentary. This is even more surprising when considering the natural profusion of fruit antioxidants that can process ROS and benefit human health. In this review, we explore redox biology in fruit and provide an overview of fruit antioxidants with recent examples. We further examine the central role of the redox hub in signalling during development and stress, with particular emphasis on ascorbate, also referred to as vitamin C. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the redox regulations that are linked to central metabolism and stress pathways will help to define novel strategies for optimising fruit nutritional quality, fruit production and storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Decros
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Guillaume Decros, ; Pierre Pétriacq,
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Amélie Flandin
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Guillaume Decros, ; Pierre Pétriacq,
| |
Collapse
|