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Zhou L, Yang S, Chen C, Li M, Du Q, Wang J, Yin Y, Xiao H. CaCP15 Gene Negatively Regulates Salt and Osmotic Stress Responses in Capsicum annuum L. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1409. [PMID: 37510313 PMCID: PMC10379065 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt and osmotic stress seriously restrict the growth, development, and productivity of horticultural crops in the greenhouse. The papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) participate in multi-stress responses in plants. We previously demonstrated that salt and osmotic stress affect cysteine protease 15 of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) (CaCP15); however, the role of CaCP15 in salt and osmotic stress responses is unknown. Here, the function of CaCP15 in regulating pepper salt and osmotic stress resistance was explored. Pepper plants were subjected to abiotic (sodium chloride, mannitol, salicylic acid, ethrel, methyl jasmonate, etc.) and biotic stress (Phytophthora capsici inoculation). The CaCP15 was silenced through the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and transiently overexpressed in pepper plants. The full-length CaCP15 fragment is 1568 bp, with an open reading frame of 1032 bp, encoding a 343 amino acid protein. CaCP15 is a senescence-associated gene 12 (SAG12) subfamily member containing two highly conserved domains, Inhibitor 129 and Peptidase_C1. CaCP15 expression was the highest in the stems of pepper plants. The expression was induced by salicylic acid, ethrel, methyl jasmonate, and was infected by Phytophthora capsici inoculation. Furthermore, CaCP15 was upregulated under salt and osmotic stress, and CaCP15 silencing in pepper enhanced salt and mannitol stress resistance. Conversely, transient overexpression of CaCP15 increased the sensitivity to salt and osmotic stress by reducing the antioxidant enzyme activities and negatively regulating the stress-related genes. This study indicates that CaCP15 negatively regulates salt and osmotic stress resistance in pepper via the ROS-scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Sizhen Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chunlin Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qingjie Du
- Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jiqing Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yanxu Yin
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Huaijuan Xiao
- Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Fleitas AL, Castro A, Blumwald E, Vidal S. Functional specialization of chloroplast vesiculation ( CV) duplicated genes from soybean shows partial overlapping roles during stress-induced or natural senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1184020. [PMID: 37346131 PMCID: PMC10280078 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1184020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is a globally important legume crop which is highly sensitive to drought. The identification of genes of particular relevance for drought responses provides an important basis to improve tolerance to environmental stress. Chloroplast Vesiculation (CV) genes have been characterized in Arabidopsis and rice as proteins participating in a specific chloroplast-degradation vesicular pathway (CVV) during natural or stress-induced leaf senescence. Soybean genome contains two paralogous genes encoding highly similar CV proteins, CV1 and CV2. In this study, we found that expression of CV1 was differentially upregulated by drought stress in soybean contrasting genotypes exhibiting slow-wilting (tolerant) or fast-wilting (sensitive) phenotypes. CV1 reached higher induction levels in fast-wilting plants, suggesting a negative correlation between CV1 gene expression and drought tolerance. In contrast, autophagy (ATG8) and ATI-PS (ATI1) genes were induced to higher levels in slow-wilting plants, supporting a pro-survival role for these genes in soybean drought tolerance responses. The biological function of soybean CVs in chloroplast degradation was confirmed by analyzing the effect of conditional overexpression of CV2-FLAG fusions on the accumulation of specific chloroplast proteins. Functional specificity of CV1 and CV2 genes was assessed by analyzing their specific promoter activities in transgenic Arabidopsis expressing GUS reporter gene driven by CV1 or CV2 promoters. CV1 promoter responded primarily to abiotic stimuli (hyperosmolarity, salinity and oxidative stress), while the promoter of CV2 was predominantly active during natural senescence. Both promoters were highly responsive to auxin but only CV1 responded to other stress-related hormones, such as ABA, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate. Moreover, the dark-induced expression of CV2, but not of CV1, was strongly inhibited by cytokinin, indicating similarities in the regulation of CV2 to the reported expression of Arabidopsis and rice CV genes. Finally, we report the expression of both CV1 and CV2 genes in roots of soybean and transgenic Arabidopsis, suggesting a role for the encoded proteins in root plastids. Together, the results indicate differential roles for CV1 and CV2 in development and in responses to environmental stress, and point to CV1 as a potential target for gene editing to improve crop performance under stress without compromising natural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Luciana Fleitas
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alexandra Castro
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sabina Vidal
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Salt Stress in Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L.) during the Early Vegetative Stage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054762. [PMID: 36902192 PMCID: PMC10002509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.), 2n = 22) is a tropical crop grown in arid and semiarid regions that is tolerant to abiotic stresses such as heat and drought. However, in these regions, salt in the soil is generally not eluted by rainwater, leading to salt stress for a variety of plant species. This study was conducted to identify genes related to salt stress using the comparative transcriptome analysis of cowpea germplasms with contrasting salt tolerance. Using the Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform, 1.1 billion high-quality short reads, with a total length of over 98.6 billion bp, were obtained from four cowpea germplasms. Of the differentially expressed genes identified for each salt tolerance type following RNA sequencing, 27 were shown to exhibit significant expression levels. These candidate genes were subsequently narrowed down using reference-sequencing analysis, and two salt stress-related genes (Vigun_02G076100 and Vigun_08G125100) with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation were selected. Of the five SNPs identified in Vigun_02G076100, one that caused significant amino acid variation was identified, while all nucleotide variations in Vigun_08G125100 was classified as missing in the salt-resistant germplasms. The candidate genes and their variation, identified in this study provide, useful information for the development of molecular markers for cowpea breeding programs.
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Aknadibossian V, Huguet-Tapia JC, Golyaev V, Pooggin MM, Folimonova SY. Transcriptomic alterations in the sweet orange vasculature correlate with growth repression induced by a variant of citrus tristeza virus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1162613. [PMID: 37138615 PMCID: PMC10150063 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1162613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV, family Closteroviridae) is an economically important pathogen of citrus. CTV resides in the phloem of the infected plants and induces a range of disease phenotypes, including stem pitting and quick decline as well as a number of other deleterious syndromes. To uncover the biological processes underlying the poorly understood damaging symptoms of CTV, we profiled the transcriptome of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) phloem-rich bark tissues of non-infected, mock-inoculated trees and trees singly infected with two distinct variants of CTV, T36 or T68-1. The T36 and T68-1 variants accumulated in the infected plants at similar titers. With that, young trees infected with T68-1 were markedly repressed in growth, while the growth rate of the trees infected with T36 was comparable to the mock-inoculated trees. Only a small number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the nearly asymptomatic T36-infected trees, whereas almost fourfold the number of DEGs were identified with the growth-restricting T68-1 infection. DEGs were validated using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. While T36 did not induce many noteworthy changes, T68-1 altered the expression of numerous host mRNAs encoding proteins within significant biological pathways, including immunity and stress response proteins, papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs), cell-wall modifying enzymes, vascular development proteins and others. The transcriptomic alterations in the T68-1-infected trees, in particular, the strong and persistent increase in the expression levels of PLCPs, appear to contribute to the observed stem growth repression. On the other hand, analysis of the viral small interfering RNAs revealed that the host RNA silencing-based response to the infection by T36 and that by T68-1 was comparable, and thus, the induction of this antiviral mechanism may not contribute to the difference in the observed symptoms. The DEGs identified in this study promote our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the yet unexplained growth repression induced by severe CTV isolates in sweet orange trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicken Aknadibossian
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jose C. Huguet-Tapia
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Victor Golyaev
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Institute Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Mikhail M. Pooggin
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Institute Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Svetlana Y. Folimonova
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Svetlana Y. Folimonova,
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Burgess AJ, Masclaux‐Daubresse C, Strittmatter G, Weber APM, Taylor SH, Harbinson J, Yin X, Long S, Paul MJ, Westhoff P, Loreto F, Ceriotti A, Saltenis VLR, Pribil M, Nacry P, Scharff LB, Jensen PE, Muller B, Cohan J, Foulkes J, Rogowsky P, Debaeke P, Meyer C, Nelissen H, Inzé D, Klein Lankhorst R, Parry MAJ, Murchie EH, Baekelandt A. Improving crop yield potential: Underlying biological processes and future prospects. Food Energy Secur 2022; 12:e435. [PMID: 37035025 PMCID: PMC10078444 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing world population and global increases in the standard of living both result in an increasing demand for food, feed and other plant-derived products. In the coming years, plant-based research will be among the major drivers ensuring food security and the expansion of the bio-based economy. Crop productivity is determined by several factors, including the available physical and agricultural resources, crop management, and the resource use efficiency, quality and intrinsic yield potential of the chosen crop. This review focuses on intrinsic yield potential, since understanding its determinants and their biological basis will allow to maximize the plant's potential in food and energy production. Yield potential is determined by a variety of complex traits that integrate strictly regulated processes and their underlying gene regulatory networks. Due to this inherent complexity, numerous potential targets have been identified that could be exploited to increase crop yield. These encompass diverse metabolic and physical processes at the cellular, organ and canopy level. We present an overview of some of the distinct biological processes considered to be crucial for yield determination that could further be exploited to improve future crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J. Burgess
- School of Biosciences University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington campus Loughborough UK
| | | | - Günter Strittmatter
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Heinrich‐Heine‐Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Andreas P. M. Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Heinrich‐Heine‐Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | | | - Jeremy Harbinson
- Laboratory for Biophysics Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Xinyou Yin
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Department of Plant Sciences Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Stephen Long
- Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Lancaster UK
- Plant Biology and Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana Illinois USA
| | | | - Peter Westhoff
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Heinrich‐Heine‐Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy and University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy
| | - Aldo Ceriotti
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council (CNR) Milan Italy
| | - Vandasue L. R. Saltenis
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Mathias Pribil
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Philippe Nacry
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CNRS Institut Agro Montpellier France
| | - Lars B. Scharff
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Poul Erik Jensen
- Department of Food Science University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Bertrand Muller
- Université de Montpellier ‐ LEPSE – INRAE Institut Agro Montpellier France
| | | | - John Foulkes
- School of Biosciences University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington campus Loughborough UK
| | - Peter Rogowsky
- INRAE UMR Plant Reproduction and Development Lyon France
| | | | - Christian Meyer
- IJPB UMR1318 INRAE‐AgroParisTech‐Université Paris Saclay Versailles France
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent Belgium
| | - René Klein Lankhorst
- Wageningen Plant Research Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik H. Murchie
- School of Biosciences University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington campus Loughborough UK
| | - Alexandra Baekelandt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent Belgium
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6
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Asim M, Hussain Q, Wang X, Sun Y, Liu H, Khan R, Du S, Shi Y, Zhang Y. Mathematical Modeling Reveals That Sucrose Regulates Leaf Senescence via Dynamic Sugar Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6498. [PMID: 35742940 PMCID: PMC9223756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose (Suc) accumulation is one of the key indicators of leaf senescence onset, but little is known about its regulatory role. Here, we found that application of high (120-150 mM) and low levels (60 mM) of Suc to young leaf (YL) and fully expanded leaf (FEL) discs, respectively, decreased chlorophyll content and maximum photosynthetic efficiency. Electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels increased at high Suc concentrations (90-120 mM in YL and 60 and 150 mM in FEL discs). In FEL discs, the senescence-associated gene NtSAG12 showed a gradual increase in expression with increased Suc application; in contrast, in YL discs, NtSAG12 was upregulated with low Suc treatment (60 mM) but downregulated at higher levels of Suc. In YL discs, trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) accumulated at a low half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of Suc (1.765 mM). However, T6P levels declined as trehalose 6 phosphate synthase (TPS) content decreased, resulting in the maximum velocity of sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase (SnRK) and hexokinase (HXK) occurring at higher level of Suc. We therefore speculated that senescence was induced by hexose accumulation. In FEL discs, the EC50 of T6P occurred at a low concentration of Suc (0.9488 mM); T6P levels progressively increased with higher TPS content, which inhibited SnRK activity with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.001475 U/g. This confirmed that the T6P-SnRK complex induced senescence in detached FEL discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Yanguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Haiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Shasha Du
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
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Hu K, Peng X, Yao G, Zhou Z, Yang F, Li W, Zhao Y, Li Y, Han Z, Chen X, Zhang H. Roles of a Cysteine Desulfhydrase LCD1 in Regulating Leaf Senescence in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13078. [PMID: 34884883 PMCID: PMC8658025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a novel gasotransmitter in both mammals and plants, plays important roles in plant development and stress responses. Leaf senescence represents the final stage of leaf development. The role of H2S-producing enzyme L-cysteine desulfhydrase in regulating tomato leaf senescence is still unknown. In the present study, the effect of an L-cysteine desulfhydrase LCD1 on leaf senescence in tomato was explored by physiological analysis. LCD1 mutation caused earlier leaf senescence, whereas LCD1 overexpression significantly delayed leaf senescence compared with the wild type in 10-week tomato seedlings. Moreover, LCD1 overexpression was found to delay dark-induced senescence in detached tomato leaves, and the lcd1 mutant showed accelerated senescence. An increasing trend of H2S production was observed in leaves during storage in darkness, while LCD1 deletion reduced H2S production and LCD1 overexpression produced more H2S compared with the wild-type control. Further investigations showed that LCD1 overexpression delayed dark-triggered chlorophyll degradation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in detached tomato leaves, and the increase in the expression of chlorophyll degradation genes NYC1, PAO, PPH, SGR1, and senescence-associated genes (SAGs) during senescence was attenuated by LCD1 overexpression, whereas lcd1 mutants showed enhanced senescence-related parameters. Moreover, a correlation analysis indicated that chlorophyll content was negatively correlated with H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and also negatively correlated with the expression of chlorophyll degradation-related genes and SAGs. Therefore, these findings increase our understanding of the physiological functions of the H2S-generating enzyme LCD1 in regulating leaf senescence in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangdi Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiangjun Peng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
| | - Gaifang Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
| | - Zhilin Zhou
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221131, China; (Z.Z.); (F.Y.)
| | - Feng Yang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 221131, China; (Z.Z.); (F.Y.)
| | - Wanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
| | - Yanhong Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
| | - Zhuo Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (X.P.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.H.); (X.C.)
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8
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Broda M, Khan K, O’Leary B, Pružinská A, Lee CP, Millar AH, Van Aken O. Increased expression of ANAC017 primes for accelerated senescence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:2205-2221. [PMID: 33914871 PMCID: PMC8331134 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) have reported conflicting roles for NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 17 (ANAC017), a transcription factor regulating mitochondria-to-nuclear signaling, and its closest paralog NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 16 (ANAC016), in leaf senescence. By synchronizing senescence in individually darkened leaves of knockout and overexpressing mutants from these contrasting studies, we demonstrate that elevated ANAC017 expression consistently causes accelerated senescence and cell death. A time-resolved transcriptome analysis revealed that senescence-associated pathways such as autophagy are not constitutively activated in ANAC017 overexpression lines, but require a senescence-stimulus to trigger accelerated induction. ANAC017 transcript and ANAC017-target genes are constitutively upregulated in ANAC017 overexpression lines, but surprisingly show a transient "super-induction" 1 d after senescence induction. This induction of ANAC017 and its target genes is observed during the later stages of age-related and dark-induced senescence, indicating the ANAC017 pathway is also activated in natural senescence. In contrast, knockout mutants of ANAC017 showed lowered senescence-induced induction of ANAC017 target genes during the late stages of dark-induced senescence. Finally, promoter binding analyses show that the ANAC016 promoter sequence is directly bound by ANAC017, so ANAC016 likely acts downstream of ANAC017 and is directly transcriptionally controlled by ANAC017 in a feed-forward loop during late senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Broda
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Kasim Khan
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 22362, Sweden
| | - Brendan O’Leary
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Adriana Pružinská
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Chun Pong Lee
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 22362, Sweden
- Author for communication:
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Vatov E, Ludewig U, Zentgraf U. Disparate Dynamics of Gene Body and cis-Regulatory Element Evolution Illustrated for the Senescence-Associated Cysteine Protease Gene SAG12 of Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071380. [PMID: 34371583 PMCID: PMC8309469 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gene regulation networks precisely orchestrate the expression of genes that are closely associated with defined physiological and developmental processes such as leaf senescence in plants. The Arabidopsis thaliana senescence-associated gene 12 (AtSAG12) encodes a cysteine protease that is (i) involved in the degradation of chloroplast proteins and (ii) almost exclusively expressed during senescence. Transcription factors, such as WRKY53 and WRKY45, bind to W-boxes in the promoter region of AtSAG12 and play key roles in its activation. Other transcription factors, such as bZIPs, might have accessory functions in their gene regulation, as several A-boxes have been identified and appear to be highly overrepresented in the promoter region compared to the whole genome distribution but are not localized within the regulatory regions driving senescence-associated expression. To address whether these two regulatory elements exhibiting these different properties are conserved in other closely related species, we constructed phylogenetic trees of the coding sequences of orthologs of AtSAG12 and screened their respective 2000 bp promoter regions for the presence of conserved cis-regulatory elements, such as bZIP and WRKY binding sites. Interestingly, the functional relevant upstream located W-boxes were absent in plant species as closely related as Arabidopsis lyrata, whereas an A-box cluster appeared to be conserved in the Arabidopsis species but disappeared in Brassica napus. Several orthologs were present in other species, possibly because of local or whole genome duplication events, but with distinct cis-regulatory sites in different locations. However, at least one gene copy in each family analyzed carried one W-box and one A-box in its promoter. These gene differences in SAG12 orthologs are discussed in the framework of cis- and trans-regulatory factors, of promoter and gene evolution, of genetic variation, and of the enhancement of the adaptability of plants to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Vatov
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Uwe Ludewig
- Institute of Crop Science, Nutritional Crop Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 20, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Ulrike Zentgraf
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Ma C, Chen Q, Wang S, Lers A. Downregulation of GeBP-like α factor by MiR827 suggests their involvement in senescence and phosphate homeostasis. BMC Biol 2021; 19:90. [PMID: 33941183 PMCID: PMC8091714 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leaf senescence is a genetically controlled degenerative process intimately linked to phosphate homeostasis during plant development and responses to environmental conditions. Senescence is accelerated by phosphate deficiency, with recycling and mobilization of phosphate from senescing leaves serving as a major phosphate source for sink tissues. Previously, miR827 was shown to play a significant role in regulating phosphate homeostasis, and induction of its expression was also observed during Arabidopsis leaf senescence. However, whether shared mechanisms underlie potentially common regulatory roles of miR827 in both processes is not understood. Here, we dissect the regulatory machinery downstream of miR827. Results Overexpression or inhibited expression of miR827 led to an acceleration or delay in the progress of senescence, respectively. The transcriptional regulator GLABRA1 enhancer-binding protein (GeBP)-like (GPLα) gene was identified as a possible target of miR827. GPLα expression was elevated in miR827-suppressed lines and reduced in miR827-overexpressing lines. Furthermore, heterologous co-expression of pre-miR827 in tobacco leaves reduced GPLα transcript levels, but this effect was eliminated when pre-miR827 recognition sites in GPLα were mutated. GPLα expression is induced during senescence and its inhibition or overexpression resulted in senescence acceleration and inhibition, accordingly. Furthermore, GPLα expression was induced by phosphate deficiency, and overexpression of GPLα led to reduced expression of phosphate transporter 1 genes, lower leaf phosphate content, and related root morphology. The encoded GPLα protein was localized to the nucleus. Conclusions We suggest that MiR827 and the transcription factor GPLα may be functionally involved in senescence and phosphate homeostasis, revealing a potential new role for miR827 and the function of the previously unstudied GPLα. The close interactions between senescence and phosphate homeostasis are further emphasized by the functional involvement of the two regulatory components, miR827 and GPLα, in both processes and the interactions between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, 7505101, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Qiuju Chen
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Amnon Lers
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, 7505101, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
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Lin W, Huang D, Shi X, Deng B, Ren Y, Lin W, Miao Y. H 2O 2 as a Feedback Signal on Dual-Located WHIRLY1 Associates with Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121585. [PMID: 31817716 PMCID: PMC6952816 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence, either as a natural stage of development or as an induced process under stress conditions, incorporates multiple intricate signaling pathways. At the cellular level, retrograde signals have been considered as important players during the initiation and progression of senescence in both animals and plants. The plant-specific single-strand DNA-binding protein WHIRLY1 (WHY1), a repressor of leaf natural senescence, is dually located in both nucleus and plastids. Despite many years of studies, the myth about its dual location and the underlying functional implications remain elusive. Here, we provide further evidence in Arabidopsis showing that alteration in WHY1 allocation between the nucleus and chloroplast causes perturbation in H2O2 homeostasis, resulting in adverse plant senescence phenotypes. The knockout of WHY1 increased H2O2 content at 37 days post-germination, coincident with an early leaf senescence phenotype, which can be rescued by ectopic expression of the nuclear isoform (nWHY1), but not by the plastid isoform (pWHY1). Instead, accumulated pWHY1 greatly provoked H2O2 in cells. On the other hand, exogenous H2O2 treatment induced a substantial plastid accumulation of WHY1 proteins and at the same time reduced the nuclear isoforms. This H2O2-induced loss of nucleus WHY1 isoform was accompanied by enhanced enrichments of histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) and recruitment of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) globally, and specifically at the promoter of the senescence-related transcription factor WRKY53, which in turn activated WRKY53 transcription and led to a senescence phenotype. Thus, the distribution of WHY1 organelle isoforms and the feedback of H2O2 intervene in a circularly integrated regulatory network during plant senescence in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Miao
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0591-86392987
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Chen Q, Shinozaki D, Luo J, Pottier M, Havé M, Marmagne A, Reisdorf-Cren M, Chardon F, Thomine S, Yoshimoto K, Masclaux-Daubresse C. Autophagy and Nutrients Management in Plants. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111426. [PMID: 31726766 PMCID: PMC6912637 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient recycling and mobilization from organ to organ all along the plant lifespan is essential for plant survival under changing environments. Nutrient remobilization to the seeds is also essential for good seed production. In this review, we summarize the recent advances made to understand how plants manage nutrient remobilization from senescing organs to sink tissues and what is the contribution of autophagy in this process. Plant engineering manipulating autophagy for better yield and plant tolerance to stresses will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwu Chen
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (Q.C.); (J.L.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (F.C.)
| | - Daiki Shinozaki
- Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan; (D.S.); (K.Y.)
- Life Science Program, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Jie Luo
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (Q.C.); (J.L.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (F.C.)
| | - Mathieu Pottier
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (M.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Marien Havé
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (Q.C.); (J.L.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (F.C.)
| | - Anne Marmagne
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (Q.C.); (J.L.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (F.C.)
| | - Michèle Reisdorf-Cren
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (Q.C.); (J.L.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabien Chardon
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (Q.C.); (J.L.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (F.C.)
| | - Sébastien Thomine
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (M.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Kohki Yoshimoto
- Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan; (D.S.); (K.Y.)
- Life Science Program, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Céline Masclaux-Daubresse
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (Q.C.); (J.L.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (M.R.-C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-13083-3088
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Buet A, Costa ML, Martínez DE, Guiamet JJ. Chloroplast Protein Degradation in Senescing Leaves: Proteases and Lytic Compartments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:747. [PMID: 31275332 PMCID: PMC6593067 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is characterized by massive degradation of chloroplast proteins, yet the protease(s) involved is(are) not completely known. Increased expression and/or activities of serine, cysteine, aspartic, and metalloproteases were detected in senescing leaves, but these studies have not provided information on the identities of the proteases responsible for chloroplast protein breakdown. Silencing some senescence-associated proteases has delayed progression of senescence symptoms, yet it is still unclear if these proteases are directly involved in chloroplast protein breakdown. At least four cellular pathways involved in the traffic of chloroplast proteins for degradation outside the chloroplast have been described (i.e., "Rubisco-containing bodies," "senescence-associated vacuoles," "ATI1-plastid associated bodies," and "CV-containing vesicles"), which differ in their dependence on the autophagic machinery, and the identity of the proteins transported and/or degraded. Finding out the proteases involved in, for example, the degradation of Rubisco, may require piling up mutations in several senescence-associated proteases. Alternatively, targeting a proteinaceous protein inhibitor to chloroplasts may allow the inhibitor to reach "Rubisco-containing bodies," "senescence-associated vacuoles," "ATI1-plastid associated bodies," and "CV-containing vesicles" in essentially the way as chloroplast-targeted fluorescent proteins re-localize to these vesicular structures. This might help to reduce proteolytic activity, thereby reducing or slowing down plastid protein degradation during senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Buet
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Lorenza Costa
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Dana E Martínez
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan J Guiamet
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
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Martinez M, Gómez-Cabellos S, Giménez MJ, Barro F, Diaz I, Diaz-Mendoza M. Plant Proteases: From Key Enzymes in Germination to Allies for Fighting Human Gluten-Related Disorders. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:721. [PMID: 31191594 PMCID: PMC6548828 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant proteases play a crucial role in many different biological processes along the plant life cycle. One of the most determinant stages in which proteases are key protagonists is the plant germination through the hydrolysis and mobilization of other proteins accumulated in seeds and cereal grains. The most represented proteases in charge of this are the cysteine proteases group, including the C1A family known as papain-like and the C13 family also called legumains. In cereal species such as wheat, oat or rye, gluten is a very complex mixture of grain storage proteins, which may affect the health of sensitive consumers like celiac patients. Since gluten proteins are suitable targets for plant proteases, the knowledge of the proteases involved in storage protein mobilization could be employed to manipulate the amount of gluten in the grain. Some proteases have been previously found to exhibit promising properties for their application in the degradation of known toxic peptides from gluten. To explore the variability in gluten-degrading capacities, we have now analyzed the degradation of gluten from different wheat cultivars using several cysteine proteases from barley. The wide variability showed highlights the possibility to select the protease with the highest potential to alter grain composition reducing the gluten content. Consequently, new avenues could be explored combining genetic manipulation of proteolytic processes with silencing techniques to be used as biotechnological tools against gluten-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Martinez
- Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Agronomica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Gómez-Cabellos
- Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Giménez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Barro
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS-CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Isabel Diaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal, Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria Agronomica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Diaz-Mendoza
- Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus Montegancedo UPM, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mercedes Diaz-Mendoza,
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