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Li S, Lu S, Wang J, Liu Z, Yuan C, Wang M, Guo J. Divergent effects of single and combined stress of drought and salinity on the physiological traits and soil properties of Platycladus orientalis saplings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1351438. [PMID: 38903426 PMCID: PMC11187290 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1351438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Drought and salinity are two abiotic stresses that affect plant productivity. We exposed 2-year-old Platycladus orientalis saplings to single and combined stress of drought and salinity. Subsequently, the responses of physiological traits and soil properties were investigated. Biochemical traits such as leaf and root phytohormone content significantly increased under most stress conditions. Single drought stress resulted in significantly decreased nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content in stems and roots, while single salt stress and combined stress resulted in diverse response of NSC content. Xylem water potential of P. orientalis decreased significantly under both single drought and single salt stress, as well as the combined stress. Under the combined stress of drought and severe salt, xylem hydraulic conductivity significantly decreased while NSC content was unaffected, demonstrating that the risk of xylem hydraulic failure may be greater than carbon starvation. The tracheid lumen diameter and the tracheid double wall thickness of root and stem xylem was hardly affected by any stress, except for the stem tracheid lumen diameter, which was significantly increased under the combined stress. Soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and available potassium content was only significantly affected by single salt stress, while soil available phosphorus content was not affected by any stress. Single drought stress had a stronger effect on the alpha diversity of rhizobacteria communities, and single salt stress had a stronger effect on soil nutrient availability, while combined stress showed relatively limited effect on these soil properties. Regarding physiological traits, responses of P. orientalis saplings under single and combined stress of drought and salt were diverse, and effects of combined stress could not be directly extrapolated from any single stress. Compared to single stress, the effect of combined stress on phytohormone content and hydraulic traits was negative to P. orientalis saplings, while the combined stress offset the negative effects of single drought stress on NSC content. Our study provided more comprehensive information on the response of the physiological traits and soil properties of P. orientalis saplings under single and combined stress of drought and salt, which would be helpful to understand the adapting mechanism of woody plants to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
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Liu J, Li J, Deng C, Liu Z, Yin K, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Zhao R, Zhao N, Zhou X, Chen S. Effect of NaCl on ammonium and nitrate uptake and transport in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive poplars. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpae020. [PMID: 38366380 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) plays an important role in mitigating salt stress in tree species. We investigate the genotypic differences in the uptake of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) and the importance for salt tolerance in two contrasting poplars, salt-tolerant Populus euphratica Oliv. and salt-sensitive P. simonii × (P. pyramidalis ×Salix matsudana) (P. popularis cv. 35-44, P. popularis). Total N content, growth and photosynthesis were significantly reduced in P. popularis after 7 days of exposure to NaCl (100 mM) supplied with 1 mM NH4+ and 1 mM NO3-, while the salt effects were not pronounced in P. euphratica. The 15NH4+ trace and root flux profiles showed that salt-stressed poplars retained ammonium uptake, which was related to the upregulation of ammonium transporters (AMTs) in roots, as two of the four AMTs tested significantly increased in salt-stressed P. euphratica (i.e., AMT1.2, 2.1) and P. popularis (i.e., AMT1.1, 1.6). It should be noted that P. euphratica differs from salt-sensitive poplar in the maintenance of NO3- under salinity. 15NO3- tracing and root flux profiles showed that P. euphratica maintained nitrate uptake and transport, while the capacity to uptake NO3- was limited in salt-sensitive P. popularis. Salt increased the transcription of nitrate transporters (NRTs), NRT1.1, 1.2, 2.4, 3.1, in P. euphratica, while P. popularis showed a decrease in the transcripts of NRT1.1, 2.4, 3.1 after 7 days of salt stress. Furthermore, salt-stimulated transcription of plasmalemma H+-ATPases (HAs), HA2, HA4 and HA11 contributed to H+-pump activation and NO3- uptake in P. euphratica. However, salt stimulation of HAs was less pronounced in P. popularis, where a decrease in HA2 transcripts was observed in the stressed roots. We conclude that the salinity-decreased transcripts of NRTs and HAs reduced the ability to uptake NO3- in P. popularis, resulting in limited nitrogen supply. In comparison, P. euphratica maintains NH4+ and NO3- supply, mitigating the negative effects of salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Chen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Ziyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
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Khattak WA, He J, Sun J, Ali I, Bilal W, Zahoor, Khan KA, Wang Y, Zhou Z. Foliar melatonin ameliorates drought-induced alterations in enzyme activities of sugar and nitrogen metabolisms in cotton leaves. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14011. [PMID: 37882261 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Sugar and nitrogen metabolisms help plants maintain cellular homeostasis, stress tolerance, and sustainable growth in drought conditions. Melatonin, a potent antioxidant and signaling molecule, appears to mitigate the negative impacts of drought on plants. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of foliar-applied melatonin in ameliorating drought-induced alterations in leaf sugar and nitrogen metabolisms' enzyme activities during cotton flowering and boll formation. To date, no study has examined drought-induced sugar and nitrogen metabolisms' enzyme activity changes in cotton treated with foliar melatonin. Drought levels (FC1 = 75 ± 5%, FC2 = 60 ± 5%, and FC3 = 45 ± 5%) were maintained between 3 and 35 days after flowering (DAF), and melatonin (M) concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100 μmol L-1 ) were applied at 3 and 21 DAF in a completely randomized design. M100 concentrations at low FC levels significantly enhanced leaf sugar and N-metabolic enzyme activities, such as sucrose synthase (65.56%) and glutamine synthetase (55.24%), compared to plants not treated with melatonin; peaking between 7 and 21 DAF and declining gradually with crop growth. Moreover, the M100 concentrations at all FC levels, particularly FC3, significantly increased the relative expression of GhSusB, GhSusC, SPS1, and SPS3 genes, indicating that melatonin improves leaf sugar and N-metabolism enzymatic activities under drought stress. Therefore, applying M100 concentrations to cotton foliage under FC3 conditions during reproductive stages improves leaf water status, sugar, and N-metabolism enzyme activities, demonstrating melatonin's potent anti-stress, osmoregulatory, and growth-promoting properties in overcoming drought stress in cotton crops. Future research into the molecular mechanisms of melatonin-mediated sugar and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities in cotton leaves may lead to biotechnological methods to improve drought resilience in cotton and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ali Khattak
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiaqi He
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianfan Sun
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Bilal
- Agricultural Research Institute, Mingora, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zahoor
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Applied College, Mahala Campus and the Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production/Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youhua Wang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production (JCIC-MCP), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wu H, Li J, Pu Q, Mi C, Zeng G, Chen Y, Kong D, Zuo X, Hu X, Li O. Physiological and transcriptome analysis of Dendrobium officinale under low nitrogen stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:314-334. [PMID: 36872310 DOI: 10.1071/fp22061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the main nutrient of plants, and low nitrogen usually affects plant growth and crop yield. The traditional Chinese herbal medicine Dendrobium officinale Kimura et. Migo is a typical low nitrogen-tolerant plant, and its mechanism in response to low nitrogen stress has not previously been reported. In this study, physiological measurements and RNA-Seq analysis were used to analyse the physiological changes and molecular responses of D. officinale under different nitrogen concentrations. The results showed that under low nitrogen levels, the growth, photosynthesis and superoxide dismutase activity were found to be significantly inhibited, while the activities of peroxidase and catalase, the content of polysaccharides and flavonoids significantly increased. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis showed that nitrogen and carbon metabolisms, transcriptional regulation, antioxidative stress, secondary metabolite synthesis and signal transduction all made a big difference in low nitrogen stress. Therefore, copious polysaccharide accumulation, efficient assimilation and recycling of nitrogen, as well as rich antioxidant components play critical roles. This study is helpful for understanding the response mechanism of D. officinale to low nitrogen levels, which might provide good guidance for practical production of high quality D. officinale .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangtao Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Qian Pu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Chunyi Mi
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zeng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Dedong Kong
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorong Zuo
- Xi'an Ande Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Zhenping Branch, Xi'an 710000, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Hu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ou Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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Li R, Yuan S, Zhou Y, Wang S, Zhou Q, Ding Z, Wang Y, Yao Y, Liu J, Guo J. Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Cassava Tuberous Roots in Response to Postharvest Physiological Deterioration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010246. [PMID: 36613690 PMCID: PMC9820078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cassava is one of the most versatile tuberous-root crops on Earth. However, the postharvest storage properties of cassava tuberous root mean that it is perishable through a process known as postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD), which seriously affects its starch quality. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the transcriptional regulatory activity of cassava against the PPD response is necessary in order to extract key molecular mechanisms related to PPD tolerance. In this study, we found that RYG1 tuberous roots showed delayed PPD compared to those of SC8. In addition, RYG1 roots maintained a more stable cell wall structure after storage than those of SC8. The transcriptome changes in tuberous roots were analyzed for both RYG1 and SC8 after 21 days of storage (SR and SS) compared to fresh (FR and FS) by the RNA-Seq method. The total number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the various comparisons of these four samples ranged from 68 to 3847. Of these, a total of 2008 co-DEGs in SR vs. SS were shared by either SR vs. FR or SS vs. FS. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that upregulated co-DEGs in SR vs. SS were mainly enriched in photosynthesis, protein processing, hormone and cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis. By contrast, the downregulated co-DEGs were mainly related to cell wall organization, starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, diterpenoid biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the co-DEGs showed a complex interaction of genes in different pathways, and 16 hub genes were characterized to have a degree in excess of 15, among which eight genes were associated with photosynthesis. These results provide new information for the study of cassava resistance to PPD and lay a foundation for the further molecular breeding of storage-tolerant cassava varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yangjiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shijia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhongping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-898-6698-6031 (J.L.); +86-898-6696-2953 (J.G.)
| | - Jianchun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-898-6698-6031 (J.L.); +86-898-6696-2953 (J.G.)
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Zhao C, Shi Y, Xu Y, Lin N, Dong H, Bei L. Effects of bisphenol A on antioxidation and nitrogen assimilation of maize seedlings roots. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114255. [PMID: 36343454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is becoming a potential environmental toxicity factor. However, BPA's effect and function mechanism on maize roots remain unknown. Here, we investigated characters of root growth of maize seedlings exposed to BPA for 8 d and without BPA for 3 d, and a series of indicators on reactive oxygen homeostasis and nitrogen assimilation were measured. High-dose BPA(15 and 50 mg·L-1) suppressed the root growth and caused increased contents of O2ˑ-, H2O2 and MDA in maize seedling roots. The disturbed ROS homeostasis resulted from the change of antioxidant enzymes, including the increase of APX, GPX, and CAT, and decrease of SOD and POD, and a decrease of antioxidant substance GSH. Meanwhile, High-dose BPA caused a decrease in the soluble protein content, nitrate reductase (NR), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) under the BPA processing phase and recovery period. The low-dose BPA(1.5 and 5 mg·L-1)significantly promoted root growth of maize seedlings and maintained the ROS homeostasis through antioxidant enzyme APX and GPX eliminating redundant ROS. Our results showed that BPA could cause a dual effect on the root growth of maize seedlings, that is, promotion of low-dose and inhibition of high-dose, through ROS homeostasis and nitrogen assimilation in Zea mays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province,Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China.
| | - Yuyuan Shi
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province,Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Yanmei Xu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Boli County, Qitaihe City, Heilongjiang 154600, China
| | - Ni Lin
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province,Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Hang Dong
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China; Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province,Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Lixia Bei
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
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Ullah A, Tariq A, Zeng F, Sardans J, Graciano C, Ullah S, Chai X, Zhang Z, Keyimu M, Asghar MA, Javed HH, Peñuelas J. Phosphorous Supplementation Alleviates Drought-Induced Physio-Biochemical Damages in Calligonum mongolicum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223054. [PMID: 36432784 PMCID: PMC9699272 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Calligonum mongolicum is a phreatophyte playing an important role in sand dune fixation, but little is known about its responses to drought and P fertilization. In the present study, we performed a pot experiment to investigate the effects of P fertilization under drought or well-watered conditions on multiple morpho-physio-biochemical attributes of C. mongolicum seedlings. Drought stress leads to a higher production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), leading to impaired growth and metabolism. However, C. mongolicum exhibited effective drought tolerance strategies, including a higher accumulation of soluble sugars, starch, soluble protein, proline, and significantly higheractivities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. P fertilization increased the productivity of drought-stressed seedlings by increasing their growth, assimilative shoots relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes accumulation, mineral nutrition, N assimilation, and reduced lipid peroxidation. Our findings suggest the presence of soil high P depletion and C. mongolicum high P requirements during the initial growth stage. Thus, P can be utilized as a fertilizer to enhance the growth and productivity of Calligonum vegetation and to reduce the fragility of the hyper-arid desert of Taklamakan in the context of future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (F.Z.); Tel.: +86-155-0448-0471 (A.T.)
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (F.Z.); Tel.: +86-155-0448-0471 (A.T.)
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Corina Graciano
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires B1406, Argentina
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Xutian Chai
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Maierdang Keyimu
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Hafiz Hassan Javed
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
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Tian J, Pang Y, Yuan W, Peng J, Zhao Z. Growth and nitrogen metabolism in Sophora japonica (L.) as affected by salinity under different nitrogen forms. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 322:111347. [PMID: 35700842 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sophora japonica is a leguminous tree species native to China. To explore the nitrogen (N) source preference and its impact on stress tolerance, a hydroponic experiment was designed in which S. japonica seedlings were supplied with sole ammonium (NH4+) or sole nitrate (NO3-) nutrition under 75 mM NaCl-induced salt stress. The growth and N metabolism performance were investigated. In the absence of NaCl, plants fed NH4+ showed better root growth than those fed NO3-, but there was no difference in aerial part growth. Salinity inhibited the root growth of NH4+-fed plants and the shoot growth of NO3--fed plants, while the total N accumulation was suppressed under either N form. Specifically, in NH4+-fed plants, salinity significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate, root NH4+ content and root antioxidant enzyme activities. Higher nitrate reductase (NR) activities but lower glutamate synthetase (GS) activities were observed in both leaves and roots. Leaf AMT1.1 and AMT2.1a in NH4+-fed plants positively reacted to salt stress, whereas the expression of four AMTs was reduced or remained unchanged in roots. In contrast, salinity suppressed the net photosynthetic rate, antioxidant enzyme activities, and GS activity in the leaves of NO3--fed plants. Upregulation of NPF1.2, NPF2.11, NPF4.6 and NPF7.3, as well as unaltered NR activity, caused higher NO3- content in the leaves. Moreover, NR and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activities together with the transcription of most NRTs were promoted by salinity in the roots of NO3--fed plants. Additionally, compared to those treated with NH4+, in response to salinity, NO3--treated seedlings showed more intensive repression of the net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, and both shoot and root growth. Overall, these results suggest that S. japonica plants grew better in NH4+ medium than in NO3- medium, and the different N metabolism responses improved S. japonica tolerance to salinity with NH4+ application. This study provides new insights for understanding the mechanism of salt tolerance, breeding resistant varieties of S. japonica, and developing scientific fertilization management strategies during the seedling cultivation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Research Center for the Conservation and Breeding Engineering of Ancient Trees, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yue Pang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wenshan Yuan
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Research Center for the Conservation and Breeding Engineering of Ancient Trees, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jieying Peng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhong Zhao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Research Center for the Conservation and Breeding Engineering of Ancient Trees, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Kabange NR, Lee SM, Shin D, Lee JY, Kwon Y, Kang JW, Cha JK, Park H, Alibu S, Lee JH. Multiple Facets of Nitrogen: From Atmospheric Gas to Indispensable Agricultural Input. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1272. [PMID: 36013451 PMCID: PMC9410007 DOI: 10.3390/life12081272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a gas and the fifth most abundant element naturally found in the atmosphere. N's role in agriculture and plant metabolism has been widely investigated for decades, and extensive information regarding this subject is available. However, the advent of sequencing technology and the advances in plant biotechnology, coupled with the growing interest in functional genomics-related studies and the various environmental challenges, have paved novel paths to rediscovering the fundamentals of N and its dynamics in physiological and biological processes, as well as biochemical reactions under both normal and stress conditions. This work provides a comprehensive review on multiple facets of N and N-containing compounds in plants disseminated in the literature to better appreciate N in its multiple dimensions. Here, some of the ancient but fundamental aspects of N are revived and the advances in our understanding of N in the metabolism of plants is portrayed. It is established that N is indispensable for achieving high plant productivity and fitness. However, the use of N-rich fertilizers in relatively higher amounts negatively affects the environment. Therefore, a paradigm shift is important to shape to the future use of N-rich fertilizers in crop production and their contribution to the current global greenhouse gases (GHGs) budget would help tackle current global environmental challenges toward a sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkulu Rolly Kabange
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - So-Myeong Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Dongjin Shin
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Youngho Kwon
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Ju-Won Kang
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Cha
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Park
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Simon Alibu
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), NARO, Entebbe 7084, Uganda
| | - Jong-Hee Lee
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
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Zhao C, Guo H, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang R. Melatonin Enhances Drought Tolerance by Regulating Leaf Stomatal Behavior, Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism, and Related Gene Expression in Maize Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:779382. [PMID: 34966404 PMCID: PMC8710518 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.779382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
It is commonly known that exogenously applied melatonin can alleviate the impact of drought stress, but the mechanism used by melatonin to regulate stomatal behavior and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism to increase drought resistance remains elusive. Herein, our aim was to investigate the influence of exogenous melatonin on the regulation of C and N metabolism in maize plants under water deficit. In this study, we analyzed stomatal behavior, the key components of C and N metabolism, and the gene expression and activity of enzymes involved in the C and N metabolism in maize plants. The results showed that the application of melatonin (100 μM) significantly increased maize growth and sustained the opening of stomata, and secondarily increased the photosynthetic capacity in maize. Under drought stress, foliar application of melatonin induced the gene transcription and activities of sucrose phosphate synthetase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, and citrate synthase, resulting in the enhancement of sucrose and starch synthesis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This enhancement in sugar biosynthesis and the TCA cycle might lead to stronger N assimilation. As anticipated, NO3 - reduction and NH4 + assimilation were also strengthened after melatonin treatment under drought stress. An increase was observed in some key enzymatic activities and transcription involved in nitrogen metabolism, such as that of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamate synthase, and glutamine synthetase, in melatonin-treated, drought-stressed maize. Moreover, melatonin attenuated the drought-induced damage by reducing protein degradation and increasing the level of proline. Conclusively, our results indicate that exogenous melatonin enhances drought tolerance in maize via promoting stomatal opening and regulating C and N metabolism and related gene expression.
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