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Phillips LA, More KR, Russell D, Kim HS. Evaluating the impact of individuals' morningness-eveningness on the effectiveness of a habit-formation intervention for a simple and a complex behavior. J Behav Med 2024; 47:804-818. [PMID: 39014034 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Planning-based interventions are often used to help individuals form habits. Existing literature suggests a one-size-fits all approach to habit formation, but planning interventions may be optimized if tailored to individual differences and/or behavioral complexity. We test the hypothesis that planning to do a relatively complex behaviour (exercise) at a time that matches an individuals' diurnal preference will facilitate behavioral engagement; whereas for a simpler behaviour (calcium supplementation), the optimal time-of-day for a new behavior will occur in the morning. Young, women volunteers (N = 317) were randomly assigned to take calcium supplements or to exercise for 4 weeks and to control (no planning) or to one of three planning interventions (morning plan; evening plan; unassigned-time plan). Participants reported diurnal preference at baseline and habit strength and behavioral frequency weekly. Fitbit Zips and Medication Event Monitoring System Caps (MEMS) were used to objectively assess behavioral engagement. Multilevel modelling found that calcium-supplementation was greatest for morning-types in the morning-cue condition, whereas exercise was greatest for morning-types with morning cues and evening-types with evening cues. Habit-formation strategies may depend on diurnal preference and behavioral complexity. Future research can evaluate the role of other individual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Russell
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
| | - Hyun Seon Kim
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
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2
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Dahl SSH, Arntzen EC, Gallagher S, Normann B. In search of the pleasure of moving through bodily re-explorations and interactions with the surroundings: a qualitative study on changed perceptions of physical activity in people with mild multiple sclerosis. Physiother Theory Pract 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39161181 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2024.2392183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reduced physical activity (PA) among people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) with low disability is a significant concern. Developing healthcare to promote PA requires a comprehensive understanding of pwMS's perspectives. PURPOSE To explore how pwMS with mild disability perceive PA and the impact of individual, professional, social, and environmental aspects on their PA engagement. METHODS Qualitative, in-depth interviews with 27 pwMS (21 women, 6 men; aged 31-66; EDSS ≤ 3.5) were analyzed via systematic text condensation and informed by enactive theory. RESULTS Three categories were formed: Perception Shifts after Diagnosis: Participants adapted their perceptions to PA throughout their disease journey. Initial uncertainty concerning bodily capacities, prospects and safety reduced PA. Moving "correctly" during activities was emphasized to facilitate PA levels. Affective Experiences Drive Behavior: Pleasure associated with movement was a highlighted motivator, however, some experienced PA less rewarding after diagnosis. Discomfort and fear were barriers to PA engagement. The Surroundings Influence Perceptions: Participants sought social interactions and outdoor-environments to improve PA. Healthcare professionals were trusted to provide possibilities for PA, but early-stage and tailored follow-up was often lacking. CONCLUSION This study illuminates changed PA perceptions after MS diagnosis and how affect, shaped by personal, interpersonal, and environmental aspects, drive PA engagement. Moreover, it calls for early follow-up and the implementation of tailored healthcare throughout the disease course to promote PA engagement. Considering these findings, we have put forth a model aimed at fostering a nuanced comprehension of PA in pwMS with mild disabilities. Further development and exploration of this model is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaun Gallagher
- Philosophy, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
- SOLA, Department of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Britt Normann
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
- Department of Physiotherapy, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway
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3
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Sillice MA, Dunsiger S, Bock BC. Exploring Factors Associated with Dietary Improvement Among Participants Who Completed a Randomized Controlled Trial for Physical Activity: Evidence of a Transfer Effect. Int J Behav Med 2024; 31:642-647. [PMID: 37308771 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research aimed at understanding how changes in one behavior affect other behaviors, known as "transfer effect," could extend knowledge of shared constructs among compound health risk behaviors, and improve methods for promoting simultaneous behavior changes. The current study explored whether participants who completed a randomized controlled trial for physical activity (PA) improved their diet with no intervention in diet or nutrition. METHODS US adults (N = 283) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of either exercise videogames, standard exercise, or an attention control. Secondary analyses were conducted to examine a possible transfer effect of the intervention on diet at end of intervention (EOT) and 6-month follow-up. Assessments of potential PA constructs (i.e., exercise enjoyment, self-efficacy) and demographics (e.g., age, gender) were conducted. PA, specifically moderate-to-vigorous levels of physical activity (MVPA), was measured using a self-report measure. Diet was measured using the Rate Your Plate dietary assessment. RESULTS Findings support that a randomization effect was associated with a higher likelihood of increasing MVPA (β = 30.00, 95% CI = 4.46, 64.46) and dietary improvement at EOT (β = 1.48, SE = .83, P = .01) and follow-up (β = 1.74, SE = .52, P = .02). At EOT, changes in diet were associated with higher PA enjoyment (β = 0.41, SE = 0.15, P = .01). This intervention effect on diet was moderated by gender, with women showing more dietary improvement than men (β = - .78, SE = 13, P = .03). At 6 months, dietary improvement was associated with greater self-efficacy (β = .04, SE = .01, P = .01). CONCLUSION This study shows evidence of a transfer effect among two synergistic behaviors and expands understanding of factors that predict the occurrence of this type of behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Aline Sillice
- Center for Systems and Community Design, Department of Health Policy and Management, City University of New York School of Public & Health Policy, 55 W. 125 Street, Room 842, NY, 10027, New York, USA.
| | - Shira Dunsiger
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, RI, 02906, Providence, USA
| | - Beth C Bock
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, RI, 02906, Providence, USA
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Moreno Carbajal PB, Corrales Camargo NE, Espinoza-Gutiérrez R, Calleja-Núñez JJ, Montero-Herrera B, Cerna J, Aburto-Corona JA. Energy Expenditure Validation of an Exergame Platform: Ring Fit Adventure Use in Adults with Overweight and Obesity. Games Health J 2024; 13:288-296. [PMID: 38608212 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2023.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims at comparing the energy expenditure (EE) and heart rate (HR) data from Ring Fit Adventure (RFA) with those from indirect calorimetry (COSMED) and a heart rate monitor (Polar FT7). A secondary goal is to evaluate self-reported enjoyment and perceived effort levels. Materials and Methods: Thirty participants (age = 21.8 ± 2.2; body mass index = 31.8 ± 4.4) were recruited for two laboratory visits. The first visit involved baseline measurements. In the second visit, participants performed a 55-minute ad libitum exercise session with the RFA in adventure mode with moderate difficulty. During this session, EE, HR, perceived effort, and enjoyment of physical activity were recorded. Results: Although no statistically significant overestimation of EE was found between the RFA and the metabolic cart, two-way analysis of variance results show a main effect of condition (RFA vs. Polar FT7) on HR (122.8 ± 20.1 bpm and 129.0 ± 18.6 bpm; P = 0.007; ᶯp2 = 0.235). Based on comprehensive statistical evaluations, including the mean absolute percent error, intraclass correlations, typical error of measurement, and limits of agreement, the data suggest that the RFA provides reliable estimates for EE and HR. Overall, participants enjoyed the game considerably (71.3 ± 5.9/80 arbitrary units), and their reported perceived exertion was low. Conclusion: This study underscores that the RFA values are relatively accurate and precise, and thus it can be safely suggested for individuals with overweight and obesity to adopt an active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberto Espinoza-Gutiérrez
- Sports Faculty, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, México
- Research Group UABC-CA-341 Physical Performance and Health, Human Biosciences Laboratory, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - Juan J Calleja-Núñez
- Sports Faculty, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, México
- Research Group UABC-CA-341 Physical Performance and Health, Human Biosciences Laboratory, Tijuana, Baja California, México
| | - Bryan Montero-Herrera
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan Cerna
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jorge A Aburto-Corona
- Sports Faculty, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, México
- Research Group UABC-CA-341 Physical Performance and Health, Human Biosciences Laboratory, Tijuana, Baja California, México
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Mortada EM, Al Awaji NN, Zaidi U, Aldhahi MI, Alsaleh H, Alroqaiba N, Awad SS. Unveiling the Moderating Factors in the Relationship between Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life among University Students during COVID-19: A Mixed Study Design. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1389. [PMID: 39057532 PMCID: PMC11276181 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examines the moderating effects of various factors on the relationship between physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among 287 female college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through an online questionnaire covering health issues, PA, self-esteem, HRQoL, and sociodemographic information, supplemented by semi-structured interviews and focus groups with six participants. Results showed that 46% of respondents had good HRQoL, and 38% were physically active. The interactions of age, socioeconomic status (SES), and academic performance with PA on HRQoL were insignificant. However, physical and mental health problems significantly moderated the PA-HRQoL relationship, accounting for 1% and 4% of the variance, respectively. The qualitative analysis highlighted the need for student activity clubs and mental health support to enhance coping strategies and overall HRQoL. In conclusion, age and SES did not moderate the PA-HRQoL relationship, while physical and mental health issues did. Programs targeting students with health problems are crucial to improving their physical and mental health, thereby enhancing their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Mortada
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (E.M.M.); (U.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Nisreen N. Al Awaji
- Department of Health Communication Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (N.N.A.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Uzma Zaidi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (E.M.M.); (U.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Monira I. Aldhahi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hadel Alsaleh
- Department of Health Communication Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (N.N.A.A.); (H.A.)
| | - Nouf Alroqaiba
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (E.M.M.); (U.Z.); (N.A.)
| | - Salwa S. Awad
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
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Gao Z, Chee CS, Omar Dev RD, Gao J. Comprehensive analysis of college students' autonomous fitness behavior-a narrative review. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1406810. [PMID: 38835705 PMCID: PMC11148380 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1406810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the physical health of college students is increasingly receiving attention, their autonomous fitness behavior has not been thoroughly investigated. This narrative review conducted a comprehensive literature search through databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), reviewing studies published up to December 2023. We explored the constructs of autonomy, fitness behavior, and agency, and discussed their integration within the autonomous fitness model. Our findings indicate a lack of comprehensive studies exploring the multifaceted factors influencing autonomous fitness behaviors. Future research should strive to deepen conceptual understanding and further explore the complex dynamics of the transition from autonomy to persistence, employing technological and interdisciplinary methodological perspectives to enhance understanding and promote sustainable fitness habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Gao
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Chen Soon Chee
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Roxana Dev Omar Dev
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jianhong Gao
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Meng Q, Su CH. The Impact of Physical Exercise on Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress: Balancing the Benefits and Risks. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:573. [PMID: 38790678 PMCID: PMC11118032 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively evaluates the effects of physical exercise on oxidative and nitrosative stress, mainly focusing on the role of antioxidants. Using a narrative synthesis approach, data from empirical studies, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published between 2004 and 2024 were collated from databases like PubMed, EBSCO (EDS), and Google Scholar, culminating in the inclusion of 41 studies. The quality of these studies was rigorously assessed to ensure the clarity of objectives, coherence in arguments, comprehensive literature coverage, and depth of critical analysis. Findings revealed that moderate exercise enhances antioxidant defenses through hormesis, while excessive exercise may exacerbate oxidative stress. The review also highlights that while natural dietary antioxidants are beneficial, high-dose supplements could impede the positive adaptations to exercise. In conclusion, the review calls for more focused research on tailored exercise and nutrition plans to further understand these complex interactions and optimize the health outcomes for athletes and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Meng
- School of Physical Education, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China;
- Sport and Health Research Center, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chun-Hsien Su
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111369, Taiwan
- College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111369, Taiwan
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Jekauc D, Gürdere C, Englert C, Strobach T, Bottesi G, Bray S, Brown D, Fleig L, Ghisi M, Graham J, Martinasek M, Tamulevicius N, Pfeffer I. The contribution and interplay of implicit and explicit processes on physical activity behavior: empirical testing of the physical activity adoption and maintenance (PAAM) model. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1239. [PMID: 38711051 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18589-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The adoption and maintenance of physical activity (PA) is an important health behavior. This paper presents the first comprehensive empirical test of the Physical Activity Adoption and Maintenance (PAAM) model, which proposes that a combination of explicit (e.g., intention) and implicit (e.g., habit,, affect) self-regulatory processes is involved in PA adoption and maintenance. Data were collected via online questionnaires in English, German, and Italian at two measurement points four weeks apart. The study included 422 participants (Mage= 25.3, SDage= 10.1; 74.2% women) from Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Canada, and the U.S. The study results largely supported the assumptions of the PAAM model, indicating that intentions and habits significantly mediate the effects of past PA on future PA. In addition, the effect of past PA on future PA was shown to be significant through a mediation chain involving affect and habit. Although the hypothesis that trait self-regulation moderates the intention-behavior relationship was not supported, a significant moderating effect of affect on the same relationship was observed. The results suggest that interventions targeting both explicit and implicit processes may be effective in promoting PA adoption and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Jekauc
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Ceren Gürdere
- Department of Psychology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chris Englert
- Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tilo Strobach
- Medical School Hamburg, Institute of Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (ICAN), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- U.O.C. Hospital Psychology, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Steven Bray
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Denver Brown
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - Lena Fleig
- Medical School Berlin, Department of Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Ghisi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Jeffrey Graham
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Mary Martinasek
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, USA
| | - Nauris Tamulevicius
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, USA
| | - Ines Pfeffer
- Medical School Hamburg, Institute of Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (ICAN), Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Ehmann MM, LaFata EM, McCausland HC, Knudsen FM, Butryn ML. Perceived importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity as a weight control strategy in behavioral weight loss. Obes Sci Pract 2023; 9:631-640. [PMID: 38090685 PMCID: PMC10712407 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has established the importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for weight control. One area of unexplored investigation is the relationship between individuals' perceptions of the importance of MVPA for weight control and MVPA engagement. This study examined the associations between the perceived importance of MVPA and MVPA engagement, weight loss, barriers to PA, and exercise enjoyment in adults enrolled in a long-term behavioral weight loss (BWL) intervention. Methods Adults (N = 301) with overweight/obesity (BMI = 27-45 kg/m2) completed an 18-month BWL intervention, followed by a no-intervention 18-month follow-up. At baseline, 6 months, 18 months (i.e., post-treatment), and 36 months (i.e., follow-up), participants ranked the importance of six strategies for weight control: keeping a food record, MVPA, light PA, self-weighing, small portions, and low-calorie diet. Observed MVPA (measured by accelerometer), percent weight loss, perceived barriers to PA, and exercise enjoyment were also measured at each assessment. Results Results showed that most participants perceived MVPA as a primary weight control strategy (first, second, or third most important) throughout the intervention, regardless of the weight control goal (weight loss vs. maintenance). Individuals who ranked MVPA as a primary strategy for weight control at concurrent time points, compared to those who did not, engaged in significantly more MVPA at post-treatment, had greater weight loss at follow-up, endorsed fewer barriers to PA at post-treatment and follow-up, and reported greater exercise enjoyment at baseline and post-treatment. Conclusion Perceived importance of MVPA was related to subjective experiences of MVPA, MVPA adherence, and weight loss in a long-term BWL intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marny M. Ehmann
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Center for WeightEating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center)Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Erica M. LaFata
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Center for WeightEating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center)Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hannah C. McCausland
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Center for WeightEating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center)Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Francesca M. Knudsen
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Center for WeightEating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center)Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Meghan L. Butryn
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Center for WeightEating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center)Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Bastos V, Rodrigues F, Davis P, Teixeira DS. Assessing affective valence and activation in resistance training with the feeling scale and the felt arousal scale: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294529. [PMID: 37972201 PMCID: PMC10653427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests affective responses to exercise can influence exercise adherence. However, there is a limited understanding of how and when to measure core affect in resistance training. As such, the objective of this systematic review was to analyze how the Feeling Scale and/or the Felt Arousal Scale have been used in resistance training to assess core affect. Focus was given to the contextual feasibility, timing, and frequency of assessment. A search in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and PsycINFO databases was conducted (last search date July, 2022) with the purpose of including experimental and non-experimental studies, utilizing the Feeling Scale and/or the Felt Arousal Scale in resistance training, and focused on apparently healthy individuals of any age. Twenty-seven studies (N = 718 participants) published between 2009-2022 were qualitatively analyzed. Both scales appeared to be able to detect core affect within a wide array of intensities, ages, and equipment. As for the timing and frequency of measurement, no apparent standardization was evident. The use of the Feeling Scale, the Felt Arousal Scale, or both, to measure core affect appears to be feasible in resistance training practices. However, a lack of methodological background raises concerns regarding the quality of previous studies' assessments and comparisons of results across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Bastos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (ULHT), Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
| | - Paul Davis
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Diogo Santos Teixeira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (ULHT), Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
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11
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Henriques L, Ekkekakis P, Bastos V, Rodrigues F, Monteiro D, Teixeira DS. Affective responses to stretching exercises: Exploring the timing of assessments. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 69:102490. [PMID: 37665925 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Affective responses during exercise have been identified as a predictor of exercise adherence. However, research has been mostly limited to aerobic and resistance exercise. Considering that stretching activities are also an important component of physical fitness, this quasi-experimental study was designed to: 1) compare affective responses during and immediately after stretching exercises in apparently healthy adults, and 2) assess the consistency and repeatability of affect ratings obtained one week apart. For this purpose, we analyzed the Feeling Scale (FS) and Felt Arousal Scale (FAS) ratings using Time (during and after stretching) x Intensity (light, moderate, vigorous) x Stretched Muscle Group (quadriceps, hamstrings, glutes, latissimus dorsi, triceps) with repeated measures analysis of variance (ANCOVA) in 34 participants (21 males; aged 32.8 ± 8.6 years). The repeatability of FS and FAS ratings was assessed using two-way random-effects models, Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and Bland-Altman plots. FS scores were higher following the stretching exercises, whereas FAS scores were lower, particularly in the vigorous intensity. In general, the inter-day repeatability for FS and FAS measurements was good across muscle groups. ICC tended to be higher at vigorous intensities. Ratings of core affect can be collected during static passive stretches using the FAS and FAS in ecologically valid settings. These results suggest that an adequate assessment of core affective responses to stretching activities should be performed during the exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Henriques
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Vasco Bastos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal; Research Center in Quality of Life (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal; Research Center in Quality of Life (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal; Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Diogo S Teixeira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal.
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Barakou I, Hackett KL, Finch T, Hettinga FJ. Self-regulation of effort for a better health-related quality of life: a multidimensional activity pacing model for chronic pain and fatigue management. Ann Med 2023; 55:2270688. [PMID: 37871249 PMCID: PMC10595396 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2270688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To propose a comprehensive multidimensional model of activity pacing that improves health-related quality of life and promotes sustained physical activity engagement among adults with chronic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A narrative review was conducted to examine the existing literature on activity pacing, health-related quality of life, pain and fatigue management, and physical activity promotion in chronic conditions. RESULTS The literature revealed a lack of a cohesive approach towards a multidimensional model for using activity pacing to improve health-related quality of life. A comprehensive multidimensional model of activity pacing was proposed, emphasizing the importance of considering all aspects of pacing for sustained physical activity engagement and improved health-related quality of life. The model incorporates elements such as rest breaks, self-regulatory skills, environmental factors, and effective coping strategies for depression/anxiety. It takes into account physical, psychological, and environmental factors, all of which contribute significantly to the enhancement of health-related quality of life, physical function, and overall well-being, reflecting a holistic approach. CONCLUSIONS The model offers guidance to researchers and clinicians in effectively educating patients on activity pacing acquisition and in developing effective interventions to enhance physical activity engagement and health outcomes among adults with chronic conditions. Additionally, it serves as a tool towards facilitating discussions on sustained physical activity and a healthy lifestyle for patients, which can eventually lead to improved quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioulia Barakou
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery & Health, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Katie L. Hackett
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- CRESTA Fatigue Clinic, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tracy Finch
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery & Health, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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13
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Rodrigues F, Teixeira D. Testing Assumptions of the Physical Activity Adoption and Maintenance Model: A Longitudinal Perspective of the Relationships Between Intentions and Habits on Exercise Adherence. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:2123-2138. [PMID: 37423760 PMCID: PMC10552348 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231188240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to examine empirically the Physical Activity Adoption and Maintenance model (PAAM). We collected data on these variables at baseline (T0) and 6-months later (T1). We recruited 119 participants (42 male, 77 female) aged 18-81 years old (Mage = 44.89, SD = 12.95). who reported, at baseline, that they exercised an average of 3.76 days per week (SD = 1.33) in training periods lasting 15-60 minutes (M = 38.69; SD = 23.28). We conducted hierarchical multiple regression analysis to test the association between each determinant (intentions, habits, and frequency) and future exercise adherence. We tested four models by entering blocks of predictors according to PAAM assumptions. The variance change (R2) between the first and fourth models (ΔR2 = .391) was statistically significant, showing that the fourth model accounted for 51.2% of variance for future exercise adherence, F (6, 112) = 21.631, p < .001, R2 = .73, adjusted R2 = .512. Exercise intention at T1 maintained its significant association (p = .021) with exercise frequency at T1 in all tested models. Exercise frequency at T0 was the most significant predictor (p < .01) of future exercise adherence, with past experience the second most significant predictor (p = .013). Interestingly, exercise habits at T1 and T0 did not predict exercise frequency at T1 in the fourth model. Among the variables we studied, having constantly high exercise intentions and high regular exercise frequency are significantly associated with maintaining or increasing regular future exercise behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Diogo Teixeira
- Lusófona University of Humanities and Technology (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
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14
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Li L, Li Y, Mei Z. A Low Degree of Physical Exercise Adherence in College Students: Analyzing the Impact of Interpersonal Skills on Exercise Adherence in College Students. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01747-7. [PMID: 37682424 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise adherence (PEA) is multifaceted and significantly influenced by elements such as physical prowess, personality traits, psychosocial traits, and demographics. At present, there are problems such as the low degree of PEA in college students. Studies have shown that exercise adherence (EA) can be improved by adjusting psychological factors. Social abilities are one of the important manifestations of mental health, so this study aims to explore the intrinsic influence mechanism of social abilities on college students' PEA. Shanghai Sports University consistently ranks first among Chinese institutions that specialize in sports in the list of the best Chinese institutions. Therefore, this study decided to survey Shanghai University students. Valid data were collected from 1278 students from 6 universities in Shanghai using a questionnaire survey method. The ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis technique was utilized in the study. The study has shown that (1) boys have stronger social abilities than girls; (2) the exercise attitude and exercise persistence of junior students are better than those of freshmen and sophomores; (3) social abilities, emotion regulation strategies, exercise needs satisfaction, exercise attitude, and EA were significantly positively associated with each other. Emotion regulation strategies and exercise attitude had a negative predictive effect on PEA, and exercise needs satisfaction and social abilities had a significant predictive effect on exercise adherence. (4) Exercise needs satisfaction and exercise attitude were used as mediating variables to regulate the influence of college students' social abilities on EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingshu Li
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Huzhou No. 5 Middle School Education Group, Huzhou, China
| | - Zi Mei
- School of Education, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Teixeira DS, Ekkekakis P, Andrade AJ, Bastos V, Palmeira AL. Exploring the impact of individualized pleasure-oriented exercise sessions in a health club setting: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 67:102424. [PMID: 37665877 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Research on the relationship between exercise-induced affect and exercise or physical activity behavior has gained momentum in recent years, yielding several observational and longitudinal studies. However, experimental tests demonstrating a causal role of affective responses on exercise adherence are lacking. Given the need to devise exercise prescriptions that can facilitate adherence and promote regular physical activity, a Randomized Controlled Trial targeting individual pleasurable responses in a health-club setting will be conducted. The experimental protocol will compare two individualized evaluation, prescription, and supervision methods, adjusted for intensity, with the aim to explore their impact on behavioral, affective, and motivational outcomes. The planned study will be a pragmatic randomized, single-blinded, controlled superiority trial with two parallel groups and an allocation ratio of 1:1. Apparently healthy volunteer participants (N = 46) between 18 and 45 years old, who are not regularly active, will be randomly allocated to a control or experimental group. The control group will follow a general American College of Sports Medicine exercise prescription; the experimental group will follow the same prescription but with enhancements aimed at promoting pleasure: (1) individualization based on individual differences in preference for and tolerance of exercise intensity; (2) self-regulation of intensity; and (3) repeated assessments of core affect. The primary outcome will be post-intervention exercise-session attendance. Affective and motivational variables will be examined as secondary outcomes. The results are expected to advance exercise prescriptions by promoting affective regulation, thus helping to improve exercise adherence and related outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov; ID: NCT05416593.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo S Teixeira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | - Ana J Andrade
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vasco Bastos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António L Palmeira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
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16
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Rodrigues F, Morouço P, Antunes R, Monteiro D, Jacinto M, Figueiredo N, Santos F, Bastos V, Teixeira D. Using Psychometric Testing Procedures for Scale Validity, Reliability, and Invariance Analysis: The PRETIE-Q Portuguese Version. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:1158-1172. [PMID: 37504477 PMCID: PMC10378368 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13070086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the psychometric nature of preference for and tolerance of exercise intensity in physical activity. It initially re-examined the Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire (PRETIE-Q) among Portuguese exercisers, looking at its applicability to different exercise activities and exercise experiences. Then, to investigate the applicability of the measure in different groups, its invariance was examined. The sample consisted of 1117 participants (528 male, 589 female) aged 18-81 years old (Mage = 36.81, SD = 11.89). All participants reported at baseline that they were exercising, on average, 3.93 days (SD = 1.36) per week. The exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) displayed the best fit. The ESEM did show invariance when tested for multigroup analysis. The conclusion of this research is that the ESEM demonstrated the best fit, displaying invariance in multigroup analysis. Furthermore, when assessing preference and tolerance in various exercise modalities, the PRETIE-Q should be primarily used as a multidimensional instrument due to the differential recognition of preference and tolerance in seemingly similar physical activity circumstances, highlighting the importance of employing context-verified measures to evaluate exercise-intensity preference and tolerance based on sample characteristics or real-time context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Pedro Morouço
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (CiTechcare), 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Raul Antunes
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Miguel Jacinto
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | | | - Filipe Santos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vasco Bastos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Teixeira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
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17
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Rodrigues F, Teixeira D. The relationships between passions, intentions, habit and exercise frequency. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:803-811. [PMID: 37496305 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2240622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
There were three purposes to this research. First, we sought to test the differential role of harmonious and obsessive passion in predicting intention and habit for exercise. The second goal of this research was to test the associations between intention, habit and exercise frequency. Last, the third goal was to assess the mediation role of intention and habit in the relationship between both forms of passion and exercise frequency. The sample consisted of 284 participants (140 males, 144 females) aged 18-60 years old (M age = 29.81, SD = 9.16). Regression paths of the structural model indicated significant associations: a) harmonious passion was significantly associated with intentions and habit; b) obsessive passion was significantly associated with habit; c) intentions and habit were significantly associated with exercise frequency. The mediation model variance explained was 17% (p < .001). The total effect via harmonious and obsessive passion was β = .57 (IC95% = .42, .73) and the total indirect effect was β = .11 (IC95% = .02, .24). Having harmonious passion for a fitness activity appears to have the potential to increase regular physical activity among exercisers. Individuals who recognize the significance of physical exercise and participate in activities they enjoy the most can affirm the positive effects on their health from being active.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rodrigues
- ESECS, Polytechnique of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - D Teixeira
- Lusófona University of Humanities and Technology (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
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18
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Silva MO, Santos TM, Inoue A, Santos LER, de Lima do Nascimento Anastácio W, Lattari E, Oliveira BRR. Is There a Dose-Response Relationship between High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIE) Intensity and Affective Valence? Analysis of Three HIIE Sessions Performed with Different Amplitudes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2698. [PMID: 36768063 PMCID: PMC9916007 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The inverse relationship between exercise intensity and affective valence is well established for continuous exercise but not for high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). The objective was to verify the dose-response relationship between exercise intensity and affective valence in HIIE sessions. Eleven young men underwent a vigorous-intensity continuous exercise (VICE) and three HIIE sessions at the same average intensity (70% of peak power-WPeak) and duration (20 min) but with different amplitudes: 10 × [1 min at 90% WPeak/1 min at 50% WPeak]-HIIE-90/50; 10 × [1 min at 100% WPeak/1 min at 40% WPeak]-HIIE-100/40; 10 × [1 min at 110% WPeak/1 min at 30% WPeak]-HIIE-110/30. During the exercise sessions, psychophysiological variables were recorded (VO2, VCO2, heart rate, perceived exertion CR10, and Feeling Scale (FS)). Higher correlations were found between CR10 and FS for all conditions (VICE = -0.987; HIIE-90/50 = -0.873; HIIE-100/40 = -0.908; HIIE-110/30 = -0.948). Regarding the physiological variables, the %HRMax presented moderate inverse correlations with FS for all exercise conditions (VICE = -0.867; HIIE-90/50 = -0.818; HIIE-100/40 = -0.837; HIIE-110/30 = -0.828) while the respiratory variables (%VO2Peak and %VCO2Peak) presented low-to-moderate correlations only for VICE, HIIE-90/50, and HIIE-100/40 (ranging from -0.523 to -0.805). Poor correlations were observed between the %VO2Peak (r = -0.293) and %VCO2Peak (r = -0.020) with FS. The results indicated that perceived exertion is more sensible than physiological variables to explain the intensity-affective valence relationship in HIIE sessions. RPE should be used for HIIE prescription with a focus on affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Oliveira Silva
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Postgraduate Program, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tony Meireles Santos
- Physical Education Department, Pernambuco Federal University, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - Allan Inoue
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Postgraduate Program, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eduardo Lattari
- Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program, Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO), Niterói 24030-060, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ribeiro Ramalho Oliveira
- Exercise and Sport Sciences Postgraduate Program, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil
- Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program, Salgado de Oliveira University (UNIVERSO), Niterói 24030-060, RJ, Brazil
- Physical Education and Sports Department, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
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19
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Ma QS, Yao SJ, Jia HR. The effect of exercise intention on exercise behavior in the post-epidemic era: The moderator role of openness personality and the mediated role of exercise-induced feeling. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1050918. [PMID: 36600711 PMCID: PMC9807215 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1050918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Based on the theory of planned behavior, this study introduced personality traits and exercise-induced feelings and other third variables, aiming to explore the mechanism of personality traits and exercise-induced feelings between exercise intention and exercise behavior, and explore the internal mechanism of promoting exercise behavior of junior high school students. Methods This research adopts the Exercise Intention Questionnaire, Simple Big Five Personality Scale, Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory and Exercise Rating Scale, from the three cities of Anhui province 1,166 junior high school students selected from the group psychological measurement, and uses the SPSS23.0 and Process plug-in exercise intention in exercise behavior analysis of the direct and indirect effect. Results The results showed that: (1) Exercise intention significantly positively predicted exercise behavior (β = 0.265, t = 4.261, p < 0.01). (2) The moderating effect of openness personality between exercise intention and exercise behavior was significant (β = 0.093, t = 4.431, p < 0.01). (3) Exercise-induced feelings has a significant mediating effect on the relationship between exercise intention and exercise behavior regulated by openness personality. Conclusion Exercise intention can effectively predict exercise behavior, and the prediction level is affected by openness personality, and the moderating effect of openness personality is partially realized through the mediating variable of exercise-induced feelings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Shuai Ma
- School of Physical Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Shu-Jun Yao
- Department of Physical Education, Guang Dong Technology College, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Hua-Rui Jia
- Department of Recreational Sports, Mokpo National University, Muan, South Korea,*Correspondence: Hua-Rui Jia,
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Weyland S, Fritsch J, Feil K, Jekauc D. Investigating the relation between positive affective responses and exercise instigation habits in an affect-based intervention for exercise trainers: A longitudinal field study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:994177. [PMID: 36211848 PMCID: PMC9540191 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.994177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study contains an affect-based intervention intended to support exercise trainers in positively influencing their course participants’ affective responses to their exercise courses. We argue that positive affective responses are associated with habit formation, thereby being a promising approach for avoiding high drop-out rates in exercise courses. First, the present study aimed to investigate whether the intervention for exercise trainers could increase (a) affective attitudes, and (b) exercise instigation habit strength, and influence the development of (c) weekly measured affective responses and (d) automaticity among adult participants of exercise courses. Second, it examined the relationship between the development of affective responses and exercise instigation habit strength. Ten exercise trainers of weekly sports and exercise courses at a German university received either an affect-based intervention or a control intervention. 132 of their course participants answered the Self-Report Habit Index (SRHI; the automaticity sub-scale SRBAI was also analyzed) for exercise instigation habit strength and items to measure affective attitude in the initial and final assessment. Moreover, they were assessed for a duration of 10 weeks during which, each time after attending the course, they reported their affective response to exercise as well as their automaticity in arriving at the decision to exercise. In the repeated measures ANOVA, there was a significant main effect of time for exercise instigation habit strength. Overall, habit strength was higher in the final than in the initial assessment. However, there were no significant differences between the two conditions in all study variables. In the latent growth curve model, the trajectory of the latent growth curve of valence was a significant predictor of the final exercise instigation habit strength. While the applied affect-based intervention was not successful in enhancing positive affective responses to exercise, the results indicate that positive affective responses may contribute to strengthening exercise instigation habits. Future studies should examine the effectiveness of interventions in long-term study designs.
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21
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Bastos V, Andrade AJ, Rodrigues F, Monteiro D, Cid L, Teixeira DS. Set to Fail: Affective Dynamics in a Resistance Training Program Designed to Reach Muscle Concentric Failure. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022; 32:1710-1723. [PMID: 35920056 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Grounded in hedonic assumptions, evidence suggests that people tend to engage in activities they consider pleasurable and enjoyable, while trying to avoid pain and displeasure. This suggests that the dynamic between positive and negative affect can influence current behavior and the intentions to continue performing. Regarding resistance training (RT), research focusing on how to promote a better affective response is still scarce and much needed. Given existing limitations and theoretical suggestions, a RT program was developed and applied to recreational exercisers in a quasi-experimental design aiming to: (1) explore the affective response dynamic through a continuous assessment after the last set of each exercise; and (2) analyze possible differences of preference and tolerance profiles in affective variables (core affect and enjoyment). For that purpose, 43 participants (21 male and 22 female; Mage = 34.69 ± 6.71 years; Mexperience = 8.32 ± 4.54 years; MBMI = 24.26 ± 2.64 kg/m2 ) accepted to participate in this study. Descriptive statistics, correlational, and group comparisons analyses were performed to provide evidence for proposed objectives. The present study showed that measures of affective valence/arousal applied immediately after a set represents a feasible and ecologically valid approach to tap core affect. Results presented evidence that recreationally trained exercisers in a common RT program would need a minimum of one measurement to assess the affective response. However, additional assessments could refine the understanding of exercise pleasurable experience. Results also suggest that exercisers with distinct profiles of preference/tolerance depicted differentiated patterns for the affective response, possibly justifying a distinct approach when promoting affective regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Bastos
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (ULHT), Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.,Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Jesus Andrade
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (ULHT), Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.,Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal.,Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luis Cid
- Quality of Life Research Center (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal.,Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal.,Sport Science School of Rio Maior (ESDRM), IPSantarém, Portugal
| | - Diogo Santos Teixeira
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport (ULHT), Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.,Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Lisbon, Portugal
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22
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The preference for and tolerance of exercise intensity: An exploratory analysis of intensity discrepancy in health clubs settings. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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