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Larsen KM, Madsen KS, Ver Loren van Themaat AH, Thorup AAE, Plessen KJ, Mors O, Nordentoft M, Siebner HR. Children at Familial High risk of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Exhibit Altered Connectivity Patterns During Pre-attentive Processing of an Auditory Prediction Error. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:166-176. [PMID: 37379847 PMCID: PMC10754183 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have attenuated auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) responses, indicating impaired sensory information processing. Computational models of effective connectivity between brain areas underlying MMN responses show reduced connectivity between fronto-temporal areas in individuals with schizophrenia. Here we ask whether children at familial high risk (FHR) of developing a serious mental disorder show similar alterations. STUDY DESIGN We recruited 67 children at FHR for schizophrenia, 47 children at FHR for bipolar disorder as well as 59 matched population-based controls from the Danish High Risk and Resilience study. The 11-12-year-old participants engaged in a classical auditory MMN paradigm with deviations in frequency, duration, or frequency and duration, while we recorded their EEG. We used dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to infer on the effective connectivity between brain areas underlying MMN. STUDY RESULTS DCM yielded strong evidence for differences in effective connectivity among groups in connections from right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) to right superior temporal gyrus (STG), along with differences in intrinsic connectivity within primary auditory cortex (A1). Critically, the 2 high-risk groups differed in intrinsic connectivity in left STG and IFG as well as effective connectivity from right A1 to right STG. Results persisted even when controlling for past or present psychiatric diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS We provide novel evidence that connectivity underlying MMN responses in children at FHR for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is altered at the age of 11-12, echoing findings that have been found in individuals with manifest schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Melissa Larsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathrine Skak Madsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Hester Ver Loren van Themaat
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hua JPY, Roach BJ, Ford JM, Mathalon DH. Mismatch Negativity and Theta Oscillations Evoked by Auditory Deviance in Early Schizophrenia. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:1186-1196. [PMID: 36931469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amplitude reduction of mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related potential component indexing NMDA receptor-dependent auditory echoic memory and predictive coding, is widely replicated in schizophrenia. Time-frequency analyses of single-trial electroencephalography epochs suggest that theta oscillation abnormalities underlie MMN deficits in schizophrenia. However, this has received less attention in early schizophrenia (ESZ). METHODS Patients with ESZ (n = 89), within 5 years of illness onset, and healthy control subjects (n = 105) completed an electroencephalography MMN paradigm (duration-deviant, pitch-deviant, duration + pitch double-deviant). Repeated measures analyses of variance assessed group differences in MMN, theta intertrial phase coherence (ITC), and theta total power from frontocentral electrodes, after normal age adjustment. Group differences were retested after covarying MMN and theta measures. RESULTS Relative to healthy control subjects, patients with ESZ showed auditory deviance deficits. Patients with ESZ had MMN deficits for duration-deviants (p = .041), pitch-deviants (ps = .007), and double-deviants (ps < .047). Patients with ESZ had reduced theta ITC for standards (ps < .040) and duration-deviants (ps < .030). Furthermore, patients with ESZ had reduced theta power across deviants at central electrodes (p = .013). MMN group deficits were not fully accounted for by theta ITC and power, and neither were theta ITC group deficits fully accounted for by MMN. Group differences in theta total power were no longer significant after covarying for MMN. CONCLUSIONS Patients with ESZ showed reduced MMN and theta total power for all deviant types. Theta ITC showed a relatively specific reduction for duration-deviants. Although MMN and theta ITC were correlated in ESZ, covarying for one did not fully account for deficits in the other, raising the possibility of their sensitivity to dissociable pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Y Hua
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, San Francisco, California; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Brian J Roach
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Judith M Ford
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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Sauer A, Grent-'t-Jong T, Zeev-Wolf M, Singer W, Goldstein A, Uhlhaas PJ. Spectral and phase-coherence correlates of impaired auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) in schizophrenia: A MEG study. Schizophr Res 2023; 261:60-71. [PMID: 37708723 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is robustly impaired in schizophrenia. However, mechanisms underlying dysfunctional MMN generation remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to examine the role of evoked spectral power and phase-coherence towards deviance detection and its impairments in schizophrenia. METHODS Magnetoencephalography data was collected in 16 male schizophrenia patients and 16 male control participants during an auditory MMN paradigm. Analyses of event-related fields (ERF), spectral power and inter-trial phase-coherence (ITPC) focused on Heschl's gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, inferior/medial frontal gyrus and thalamus. RESULTS MMNm ERF amplitudes were reduced in patients in temporal, frontal and subcortical regions, accompanied by decreased theta-band responses, as well as by a diminished gamma-band response in auditory cortex. At theta/alpha frequencies, ITPC to deviant tones was reduced in patients in frontal cortex and thalamus. Patients were also characterized by aberrant responses to standard tones as indexed by reduced theta-/alpha-band power and ITPC in temporal and frontal regions. Moreover, stimulus-specific adaptation was decreased at theta/alpha frequencies in left temporal regions, which correlated with reduced MMNm spectral power and ERF amplitude. Finally, phase-reset of alpha-oscillations after deviant tones in left thalamus was impaired, which correlated with impaired MMNm generation in auditory cortex. Importantly, both non-rhythmic and rhythmic components of spectral activity contributed to the MMNm response. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that deficits in theta-/alpha- and gamma-band activity in cortical and subcortical regions as well as impaired spectral responses to standard sounds could constitute potential mechanisms for dysfunctional MMN generation in schizophrenia, providing a novel perspective towards MMN deficits in the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sauer
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max-von-Laue-Straße 4, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstr. 46, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, 58 Hillhead Street, G12 8QB Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Maor Zeev-Wolf
- Department of Education and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Wolf Singer
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Max-von-Laue-Straße 4, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstr. 46, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Abraham Goldstein
- Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, 58 Hillhead Street, G12 8QB Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Valt C, Quarto T, Tavella A, Romanelli F, Fazio L, Arcara G, Altamura M, Barrasso G, Bellomo A, Blasi G, Brudaglio F, Carofiglio A, D'Ambrosio E, Padalino FA, Rampino A, Saponaro A, Semisa D, Suma D, Pergola G, Bertolino A. Reduced magnetic mismatch negativity: a shared deficit in psychosis and related risk. Psychol Med 2023; 53:6037-6045. [PMID: 36321391 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172200321x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal auditory processing of deviant stimuli, as reflected by mismatch negativity (MMN), is often reported in schizophrenia (SCZ). At present, it is still under debate whether this dysfunctional response is specific to the full-blown SCZ diagnosis or rather a marker of psychosis in general. The present study tested MMN in patients with SCZ, bipolar disorder (BD), first episode of psychosis (FEP), and in people at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). METHODS Source-based MEG activity evoked during a passive auditory oddball task was recorded from 135 patients grouped according to diagnosis (SCZ, BD, FEP, and CHR) and 135 healthy controls also divided into four subgroups, age- and gender-matched with diagnostic subgroups. The magnetic MMN (mMMN) was analyzed as event-related field (ERF), Theta power, and Theta inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC). RESULTS The clinical group as a whole showed reduced mMMN ERF amplitude, Theta power, and Theta ITPC, without any statistically significant interaction between diagnosis and mMMN reductions. The mMMN subgroup contrasts showed lower ERF amplitude in all the diagnostic subgroups. In the analysis of Theta frequency, SCZ showed significant power and ITPC reductions, while only indications of diminished ITPC were observed in CHR, but no significant decreases characterized BD and FEP. CONCLUSIONS Significant mMMN alterations in people experiencing psychosis, also for diagnoses other than SCZ, suggest that this neurophysiological response may be a feature shared across psychotic disorders. Additionally, reduced Theta ITPC may be associated with risk for psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Valt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Quarto
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Department of Humanities, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | - Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy
| | | | - Mario Altamura
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barrasso
- Department of Mental Health, ASL Barletta-Andria-Trani, Andria, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Bari University Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Flora Brudaglio
- Department of Mental Health, ASL Barletta-Andria-Trani, Andria, Italy
| | | | - Enrico D'Ambrosio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Bari University Hospital, Bari, Italy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience - King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Antonio Rampino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Bari University Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Domenico Suma
- Department of Mental Health, ASL Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Bari University Hospital, Bari, Italy
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Delgado-Sallent C, Gener T, Nebot P, López-Cabezón C, Puig MV. Neural substrates of cognitive impairment in a NMDAR hypofunction mouse model of schizophrenia and partial rescue by risperidone. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1152248. [PMID: 37066076 PMCID: PMC10104169 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1152248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction is a pathophysiological mechanism relevant for schizophrenia. Acute administration of the NMDAR antagonist phencyclidine (PCP) induces psychosis in patients and animals while subchronic PCP (sPCP) produces cognitive dysfunction for weeks. We investigated the neural correlates of memory and auditory impairments in mice treated with sPCP and the rescuing abilities of the atypical antipsychotic drug risperidone administered daily for two weeks. We recorded neural activities in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) during memory acquisition, short-term, and long-term memory in the novel object recognition test and during auditory processing and mismatch negativity (MMN) and examined the effects of sPCP and sPCP followed by risperidone. We found that the information about the familiar object and its short-term storage were associated with mPFC→dHPC high gamma connectivity (phase slope index) whereas long-term memory retrieval depended on dHPC→mPFC theta connectivity. sPCP impaired short-term and long-term memories, which were associated with increased theta power in the mPFC, decreased gamma power and theta-gamma coupling in the dHPC, and disrupted mPFC-dHPC connectivity. Risperidone rescued the memory deficits and partly restored hippocampal desynchronization but did not ameliorate mPFC and circuit connectivity alterations. sPCP also impaired auditory processing and its neural correlates (evoked potentials and MMN) in the mPFC, which were also partly rescued by risperidone. Our study suggests that the mPFC and the dHPC disconnect during NMDAR hypofunction, possibly underlying cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, and that risperidone targets this circuit to ameliorate cognitive abilities in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Delgado-Sallent
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Gener
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CSIC and BIST, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Nebot
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Cabezón
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CSIC and BIST, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Victoria Puig
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CSIC and BIST, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: M. Victoria Puig,
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Choueiry J, Blais CM, Shah D, Smith D, Fisher D, Labelle A, Knott V. An α7 nAChR approach for the baseline-dependent modulation of deviance detection in schizophrenia: A pilot study assessing the combined effect of CDP-choline and galantamine. J Psychopharmacol 2023; 37:381-395. [PMID: 36927273 PMCID: PMC10101183 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231158903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive operations including pre-attentive sensory processing are markedly impaired in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) but evidence significant interindividual heterogeneity, which moderates treatment response with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists. Previous studies in healthy volunteers have shown baseline-dependency effects of the α7 nAChR agonist cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) administered alone and in combination with a nicotinic allosteric modulator (galantamine) on auditory deviance detection measured with the mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential (ERP). AIM The objective of this pilot study was to assess the acute effect of this combined α7 nAChR-targeted treatment (CDP-choline/galantamine) on speech MMN in patients with SCZ (N = 24) stratified by baseline MMN responses into low, medium, and high baseline auditory deviance detection subgroups. METHODS Patients with a stable diagnosis of SCZ attended two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and counter-balanced testing sessions where they received a placebo or a CDP-choline (500 mg) and galantamine (16 mg) treatment. MMN ERPs were recorded during the presentation of a fast multi-feature speech MMN paradigm including five speech deviants. Clinical measures were acquired before and after treatment administration. RESULTS While no main treatment effect was observed, CDP-choline/galantamine significantly increased MMN amplitudes to frequency, duration, and vowel speech deviants in low group individuals. Individuals with higher positive and negative symptom scale negative, general, and total scores expressed the greatest MMN amplitude improvement following CDP-choline/galantamine. CONCLUSIONS These baseline-dependent nicotinic effects on early auditory information processing warrant different dosage and repeated administration assessments in patients with low baseline deviance detection levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Choueiry
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Crystal M Blais
- Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dhrasti Shah
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Smith
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alain Labelle
- The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Verner Knott
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Jalewa J, Todd J, Michie PT, Hodgson DM, Harms L. The effect of schizophrenia risk factors on mismatch responses in a rat model. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14175. [PMID: 36087044 PMCID: PMC10909418 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reduced mismatch negativity (MMN), a robust finding in schizophrenia, has prompted interest in MMN as a preclinical biomarker of schizophrenia. The rat brain can generate human-like mismatch responses (MMRs) which therefore enables the exploration of the neurobiology of reduced MMRs. Given epidemiological evidence that two developmental factors, maternal infection and adolescent cannabis use, increase the risk of schizophrenia, we determined the effect of these two developmental risk factors on rat MMR amplitude in different auditory contexts. MMRs were assessed in awake adult male and female Wistar rats that were offspring of pregnant dams treated with either a viral infection mimetic (poly I:C) inducing maternal immune activation (MIA) or saline control. In adolescence, subgroups of the prenatal treatment groups were exposed to either a synthetic cannabinoid (adolescent cannabinoid exposure: ACE) or vehicle. The context under which MMRs were obtained was manipulated by employing two different oddball paradigms, one that manipulated the physical difference between rare and common auditory stimuli, and another that manipulated the probability of the rare stimulus. The design of the multiple stimulus sequences across the two paradigms also allowed an investigation of context on MMRs to two identical stimulus sequences. Male offspring exposed to each of the risk factors for schizophrenia (MIA, ACE or both) showed a reduction in MMR, which was evident only in the probability paradigm, with no effects seen in the physical difference. Our findings highlight the importance of contextual factors induced by paradigm manipulations and sex for modeling schizophrenia-like MMN impairments in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaishree Jalewa
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and EnvironmentUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Juanita Todd
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and EnvironmentUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
- Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Patricia T. Michie
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and EnvironmentUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
- Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Deborah M. Hodgson
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and EnvironmentUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
- Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Lauren Harms
- Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
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le Sommer J, Low AM, Møllegaard Jepsen JR, Fagerlund B, Vangkilde S, Habekost T, Glenthøj B, Oranje B. Effects of methylphenidate on mismatch negativity and P3a amplitude of initially psychostimulant-naïve, adult ADHD patients. Psychol Med 2023; 53:957-965. [PMID: 34218835 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficient information processing in ADHD theoretically results in sensory overload and may underlie the symptoms of the disorder. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a amplitude reflect an individual's detection and subsequent change in attention to stimulus change in their environment. Our primary aim was to explore MMN and P3a amplitude in adult ADHD patients and to examine the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on these measures. METHODS Forty initially psychostimulant-naïve, adult ADHD patients without comorbid ASD and 42 matched healthy controls (HC) were assessed with an MMN paradigm at baseline. Both groups were retested after 6 weeks, in which patients were treated with MPH. RESULTS Neither significant group differences in MMN nor P3a amplitude were found at baseline. Although 6-week MPH treatment significantly reduced symptomatology and improved daily functioning of the patients, it did not significantly affect MMN amplitude; however, it did significantly reduce P3a amplitude compared to the HC. Furthermore, more severe ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with larger MMN amplitudes in the patients, both at baseline and follow-up. CONCLUSION We found no evidence for early information processing deficits in patients with ADHD, as measured with MMN and P3a amplitude. Six-week treatment with MPH decreased P3a but not MMN amplitude, although more severe ADHD-symptoms were associated with larger MMN amplitudes in the patients. Given that P3a amplitude represents an important attentional process and that glutamate has been linked to both ADHD and MMN amplitude, future research should investigate augmenting MPH treatment of less responsive adults with ADHD with glutamatergic antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julijana le Sommer
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann-Marie Low
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Signe Vangkilde
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Habekost
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bob Oranje
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Li X, Deng W, Xue R, Wang Q, Ren H, Wei W, Zhang Y, Li M, Zhao L, Du X, Meng Y, Ma X, Hall MH, Li T. Auditory event-related potentials, neurocognition, and global functioning in drug naïve first-episode schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:785-794. [PMID: 34474699 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in event-related potential (ERP) including duration mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a have been demonstrated widely in chronic schizophrenia (SZ) but inconsistent findings were reported in first-episode patients. Psychotropic medications and diagnosis might contribute to different findings on MMN/P3a ERP in first-episode patients. The present study examined MMN and P3a in first episode drug naïve SZ and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients and explored the relationships among ERPs, neurocognition and global functioning. METHODS Twenty SZ, 24 BPD and 49 age and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Data of clinical symptoms [Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Young Manic Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)], neurocognition [Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CCFT), Delay Matching to Sample (DMS), Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP)], and functioning [Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST)] were collected. P3a and MMN were elicited using a passive auditory oddball paradigm. RESULTS Significant MMN and P3a deficits and impaired neurocognition were found in both SZ and BPD patients. In SZ, MMN was significantly correlated with FAST (r = 0.48) and CCFT (r = -0.31). In BPD, MMN was significantly correlated with DMS (r = -0.54). For P3a, RVP and FAST scores were significant predictors in SZ, whereas RVP, WAIS and FAST were significant predictors in BPD. CONCLUSIONS The present study found deficits in MMN, P3a, neurocognition in drug naïve SZ and BPD patients. These deficits appeared to link with levels of higher-order cognition and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingli Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Psychiatry hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yajing Meng
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Suzhou Psychiatry hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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10
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de Bustamante Simas ML, Dos Santos NRM, Lacerda AM. Auditory perceptual discomfort and low-hearing tolerance in the first episode psychosis. PSICOLOGIA, REFLEXAO E CRITICA : REVISTA SEMESTRAL DO DEPARTAMENTO DE PSICOLOGIA DA UFRGS 2022; 35:20. [PMID: 35819653 PMCID: PMC9276868 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Awareness of perceptual and sensory changes that might occur in visual, auditory, proprioception, and other senses, in the early stages towards the First Episode Psychosis (FEP), and their subsequent sensorial evolution as the disturb progresses deeper into an acute episode, might be a key element for interrupting the process. In the present study, we investigated hearing discomfort/tolerance to 16 given sound streams. Sixteen people diagnosed with FEP, participated in the experiment. Sixteen frequency sweeps varying in modulation envelopes (sawtooth, sine), order (ascending, descending), duration (4s, 8s), and range (50–8000 Hz, 2–8 kHz) were presented randomly, but always in the same sequence, to FEP and healthy controls (HC). The level of discomfort was estimated by the participant by making a mark across a continuous line whose extremes read “nothing bad” (left) and “too bad” (right). Results showed that ascending sine pure frequency sweeps (p < 0.01) and descending sine pure frequencies sweeps (p < 0.01) caused the maximum discomfort in FEP. Other variables also showed differences between FEP and HC, and FEP were always more intolerant to such pure frequency sweeps than HC. We conclude that this might be useful for very early assessment of people at risk, people with FEP, and people with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lúcia de Bustamante Simas
- Laboratório de Percepção Visual, Programa da Pós Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av da Arquitetura s/n CFCH 9º Andar, Recife, PE, CEP.: 50740-550, Brasil.
| | - Naianna Ribeiro Mocelin Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Percepção Visual, Programa da Pós Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av da Arquitetura s/n CFCH 9º Andar, Recife, PE, CEP.: 50740-550, Brasil
| | - Aline Mendes Lacerda
- Laboratório de Percepção Visual, Programa da Pós Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av da Arquitetura s/n CFCH 9º Andar, Recife, PE, CEP.: 50740-550, Brasil
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11
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Mori C, Okanoya K. Mismatch Responses Evoked by Sound Pattern Violation in the Songbird Forebrain Suggest Common Auditory Processing With Human. Front Physiol 2022; 13:822098. [PMID: 35309047 PMCID: PMC8927687 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.822098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning sound patterns in the natural auditory scene and detecting deviant patterns are adaptive behaviors that aid animals in predicting future events and behaving accordingly. Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of the event-related potential (ERP) that is reported in humans when they are exposed to unexpected or rare stimuli. MMN has been studied in several non-human animals using an oddball task by presenting deviant pure tones that were interspersed within a sequence of standard pure tones and comparing the neural responses. While accumulating evidence suggests the homology of non-human animal MMN-like responses (MMRs) and human MMN, it is still not clear whether the function and neural mechanisms of MMRs and MMN are comparable. The Java sparrow (Lonchura oryzivora) is a songbird that is a vocal learner, is highly social, and maintains communication with flock members using frequently repeated contact calls and song. We expect that the songbird is a potentially useful animal model that will broaden our understanding of the characterization of MMRs. Due to this, we chose this species to explore MMRs to the deviant sounds in the single sound oddball task using both pure tones and natural vocalizations. MMRs were measured in the caudomedial nidopallium (NCM), a higher-order auditory area. We recorded local field potentials under freely moving conditions. Significant differences were observed in the negative component between deviant and standard ERPs, both to pure tones and natural vocalizations in the oddball sequence. However, the subsequent experiments using the randomized standard sequence and regular pattern sequence suggest the possibility that MMR elicited in the oddball paradigm reflects the adaptation to a repeated standard sound but not the genuine deviance detection. Furthermore, we presented contact call triplet sequences and investigated MMR in the NCM in response to sound sequence order. We found a significant negative shift in response to a difference in sequence pattern. This demonstrates MMR elicited by violation of the pattern of the triplet sequence and the ability to extract sound sequence information in the songbird auditory forebrain. Our study sheds light on the electrophysiological properties of auditory sensory memory processing, expanding the scope of characterization of MMN-like responses beyond simple deviance detection, and provides a comparative perspective on syntax processing in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Mori
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Okanoya
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazuo Okanoya,
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12
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Nakajima S, Higuchi Y, Tateno T, Sasabayashi D, Mizukami Y, Nishiyama S, Takahashi T, Suzuki M. Duration Mismatch Negativity Predicts Remission in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:777378. [PMID: 34899430 PMCID: PMC8656455 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.777378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Remission in schizophrenia patients is associated with neurocognitive, social, and role functioning during both the early and chronic stages of schizophrenia. It is well-established that the amplitudes of duration mismatch negativity (dMMN) and frequency MMN (fMMN) are reduced in schizophrenia patients. However, the potential link between MMN and remission has not been established. In this study, we investigated the relationship between MMNs and remission in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and their association with neurocognitive and social functioning. Method: dMMN and fMMN were measured in 30 patients with FES and 22 healthy controls at baseline and after a mean of 3 years. Clinical symptoms and cognitive and social functioning in the patients were assessed at the time of MMN measurements by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), modified Global Assessment of Functioning (mGAF), Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Remission of the patients was defined using the criteria by the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group; of the 30 patients with FES, 14 achieved remission and 16 did not. Results: Baseline dMMN amplitude was reduced in FES compared to healthy controls. Further, baseline dMMN in the non-remitters had decreased amplitude and prolonged latency compared to the remitters. MMN did not change during follow-up period regardless of parameters, diagnosis, or remission status. Baseline dMMN amplitude in FES was correlated with future SCoRS and PANSS total scores. Logistic regression analysis revealed that dMMN amplitude at baseline was a significant predictor of remission. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that dMMN amplitude may be a useful biomarker for predicting symptomatic remission and improvement of cognitive and social functions in FES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuko Higuchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tateno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuko Mizukami
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shimako Nishiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Health Administration Center, Faculty of Education and Research Promotion, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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13
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Inaba H, Namba H, Kida S, Nawa H. The dopamine D2 agonist quinpirole impairs frontal mismatch responses to sound frequency deviations in freely moving rats. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2021; 41:405-415. [PMID: 34296531 PMCID: PMC8411315 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim A reduced mismatch negativity (MMN) response is a promising electrophysiological endophenotype of schizophrenia that reflects neurocognitive impairment. Dopamine dysfunction is associated with symptoms of schizophrenia. However, whether the dopamine system is involved in MMN impairment remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the effects of the dopamine D2‐like receptor agonist quinpirole on mismatch responses to sound frequency changes in an animal model. Methods Event‐related potentials were recorded from electrocorticogram electrodes placed on the auditory and frontal cortices of freely moving rats using a frequency oddball paradigm consisting of ascending and equiprobable (ie, many standards) control sequences before and after the subcutaneous administration of quinpirole. To detect mismatch responses, difference waveforms were obtained by subtracting nondeviant control waveforms from deviant waveforms. Results Here, we show the significant effects of quinpirole on frontal mismatch responses to sound frequency deviations in rats. Quinpirole delayed the frontal N18 and P30 mismatch responses and reduced the frontal N55 MMN‐like response, which resulted from the reduction in the N55 amplitude to deviant stimuli. Importantly, the magnitude of the N55 amplitude was negatively correlated with the time of the P30 latency in the difference waveforms. In contrast, quinpirole administration did not clearly affect the temporal mismatch responses recorded from the auditory cortex. Conclusion These results suggest that the disruption of dopamine D2‐like receptor signaling by quinpirole reduces frontal MMN to sound frequency deviations and that delays in early mismatch responses are involved in this MMN impairment. The subcutaneous administration of quinpirole delayed early mismatch response latencies and reduced a late MMN‐like response amplitude recorded from the frontal cortex but had no effect on those recorded from the auditory cortex. These observations suggest that increased dopamine D2‐like receptor signaling impairs MMN generation to sound frequency changes in the frontal cortex and that the neurochemical mechanisms of MMN vary according to the cortical area. As MMN is associated with cognitive function, these new findings may help develop treatment modalities for cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Inaba
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Namba
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kida
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nawa
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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14
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McWilliams EC, Barbey FM, Dyer JF, Islam MN, McGuinness B, Murphy B, Nolan H, Passmore P, Rueda-Delgado LM, Buick AR. Feasibility of Repeated Assessment of Cognitive Function in Older Adults Using a Wireless, Mobile, Dry-EEG Headset and Tablet-Based Games. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:574482. [PMID: 34276428 PMCID: PMC8281974 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.574482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to affordable, objective and scalable biomarkers of brain function is needed to transform the healthcare burden of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disease. Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings, both resting and in combination with targeted cognitive tasks, have demonstrated utility in tracking disease state and therapy response in a range of conditions from schizophrenia to Alzheimer's disease. But conventional methods of recording this data involve burdensome clinic visits, and behavioural tasks that are not effective in frequent repeated use. This paper aims to evaluate the technical and human-factors feasibility of gathering large-scale EEG using novel technology in the home environment with healthy adult users. In a large field study, 89 healthy adults aged 40-79 years volunteered to use the system at home for 12 weeks, 5 times/week, for 30 min/session. A 16-channel, dry-sensor, portable wireless headset recorded EEG while users played gamified cognitive and passive tasks through a tablet application, including tests of decision making, executive function and memory. Data was uploaded to cloud servers and remotely monitored via web-based dashboards. Seventy-eight participants completed the study, and high levels of adherence were maintained throughout across all age groups, with mean compliance over the 12-week period of 82% (4.1 sessions per week). Reported ease of use was also high with mean System Usability Scale scores of 78.7. Behavioural response measures (reaction time and accuracy) and EEG components elicited by gamified stimuli (P300, ERN, Pe and changes in power spectral density) were extracted from the data collected in home, across a wide range of ages, including older adult participants. Findings replicated well-known patterns of age-related change and demonstrated the feasibility of using low-burden, large-scale, longitudinal EEG measurement in community-based cohorts. This technology enables clinically relevant data to be recorded outside the lab/clinic, from which metrics underlying cognitive ageing could be extracted, opening the door to potential new ways of developing digital cognitive biomarkers for disorders affecting the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John F. Dyer
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Murphy
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Nolan
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Laura M. Rueda-Delgado
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alison R. Buick
- Cumulus Neuroscience Ltd, Belfast, United Kingdom
- School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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15
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Koshiyama D, Thomas ML, Miyakoshi M, Joshi YB, Molina JL, Tanaka-Koshiyama K, Sprock J, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR, Light GA. Hierarchical Pathways from Sensory Processing to Cognitive, Clinical, and Functional Impairments in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:373-385. [PMID: 32856089 PMCID: PMC7965084 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a hallmark of schizophrenia and a robust predictor of functional outcomes. Impairments are found in all phases of the illness and are only moderately attenuated by currently approved therapeutics. Neurophysiological indices of sensory discrimination (ie, mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a amplitudes) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR; power and phase locking) are translational biomarkers widely used in the development of novel therapeutics for neuropsychiatric disorders. It is unclear whether laboratory-based EEG measures add explanatory power to well-established models that use only cognitive, clinical, and functional outcome measures. Moreover, it is unclear if measures of sensory discrimination and gamma-band ASSR uniquely contribute to putative causal pathways linking sensory discrimination, neurocognition, negative symptoms, and functional outcomes in schizophrenia. To answer these questions, hierarchical associations among sensory processing, neurocognition, clinical symptoms, and functional outcomes were assessed via structural equation modeling in a large sample of schizophrenia patients (n = 695) and healthy comparison subjects (n = 503). The results showed that the neurophysiologic indices of sensory discrimination and gamma-band ASSR both significantly contribute to and yield unique hierarchical, "bottom-up" effects on neurocognition, symptoms, and functioning. Measures of sensory discrimination showed direct effects on neurocognition and negative symptoms, while gamma-band ASSR had a direct effect on neurocognition in patients. Continued investigation of the neural mechanisms underlying abnormal networks of MMN/P3a and gamma-band ASSR is needed to clarify the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Michael L Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Makoto Miyakoshi
- Swartz Center for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Juan L Molina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Joyce Sprock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Neal R Swerdlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
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16
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Perrottelli A, Giordano GM, Brando F, Giuliani L, Mucci A. EEG-Based Measures in At-Risk Mental State and Early Stages of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:653642. [PMID: 34017273 PMCID: PMC8129021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.653642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Electrophysiological (EEG) abnormalities in subjects with schizophrenia have been largely reported. In the last decades, research has shifted to the identification of electrophysiological alterations in the prodromal and early phases of the disorder, focusing on the prediction of clinical and functional outcome. The identification of neuronal aberrations in subjects with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) and in those at ultra high-risk (UHR) or clinical high-risk (CHR) to develop a psychosis is crucial to implement adequate interventions, reduce the rate of transition to psychosis, as well as the risk of irreversible functioning impairment. The aim of the review is to provide an up-to-date synthesis of the electrophysiological findings in the at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Methods: A systematic review of English articles using Pubmed, Scopus, and PsychINFO was undertaken in July 2020. Additional studies were identified by hand-search. Electrophysiological studies that included at least one group of FEP or subjects at risk to develop psychosis, compared to healthy controls (HCs), were considered. The heterogeneity of the studies prevented a quantitative synthesis. Results: Out of 319 records screened, 133 studies were included in a final qualitative synthesis. Included studies were mainly carried out using frequency analysis, microstates and event-related potentials. The most common findings included an increase in delta and gamma power, an impairment in sensory gating assessed through P50 and N100 and a reduction of Mismatch Negativity and P300 amplitude in at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia. Progressive changes in some of these electrophysiological measures were associated with transition to psychosis and disease course. Heterogeneous data have been reported for indices evaluating synchrony, connectivity, and evoked-responses in different frequency bands. Conclusions: Multiple EEG-indices were altered during at-risk mental state and early stages of schizophrenia, supporting the hypothesis that cerebral network dysfunctions appear already before the onset of the disorder. Some of these alterations demonstrated association with transition to psychosis or poor functional outcome. However, heterogeneity in subjects' inclusion criteria, clinical measures and electrophysiological methods prevents drawing solid conclusions. Large prospective studies are needed to consolidate findings concerning electrophysiological markers of clinical and functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perrottelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Brando
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Giuliani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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17
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Choueiry J, Blais CM, Shah D, Smith D, Fisher D, Illivitsky V, Knott V. CDP-choline and galantamine, a personalized α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor targeted treatment for the modulation of speech MMN indexed deviance detection in healthy volunteers: a pilot study. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:3665-3687. [PMID: 32851421 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The combination of CDP-choline, an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) agonist, with galantamine, a positive allosteric modulator of nAChRs, is believed to counter the fast desensitization rate of the α7 nAChRs and may be of interest for schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. Beyond the positive and negative clinical symptoms, deficits in early auditory prediction-error processes are also observed in SCZ. Regularity violations activate these mechanisms that are indexed by electroencephalography-derived mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to auditory deviance. OBJECTIVES/METHODS This pilot study in thirty-three healthy humans assessed the effects of an optimized α7 nAChR strategy combining CDP-choline (500 mg) with galantamine (16 mg) on speech-elicited MMN amplitude and latency measures. The randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, and counterbalanced design with a baseline stratification method allowed for assessment of individual response differences. RESULTS Increases in MMN generation mediated by the acute CDP-choline/galantamine treatment in individuals with low baseline MMN amplitude for frequency, intensity, duration, and vowel deviants were revealed. CONCLUSIONS These results, observed primarily at temporal recording sites overlying the auditory cortex, implicate α7 nAChRs in the enhancement of speech deviance detection and warrant further examination with respect to dysfunctional auditory deviance processing in individuals with SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Choueiry
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 1145 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Crystal M Blais
- Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dhrasti Shah
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dylan Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Vadim Illivitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Verner Knott
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 1145 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 7K4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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18
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Memory Impairments and Psychosis Prediction: A Scoping Review and Theoretical Overview. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 30:521-545. [PMID: 33226539 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Impairments in memory functions are among the most robust correlates of schizophrenia and of poor functional outcomes in individuals with psychotic disorders. Prospective, longitudinal studies are crucial to determining the meaning of these deficits in relation to mechanisms associated with the onset and course of these disorders.The objective of this review is to examine the literature concerning premorbid memory impairments during the prodromal phase of psychosis to address three primary questions 1) are memory impairments present among individuals with a clinical high risk syndrome? 2) are memory deficits in clinical high risk cases predictive of future conversion to psychosis? and 3) what are the underlying neural correlates of memory impairment in clinical high risk individuals and are they also predictive of future conversion?PubMed and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched. The primary inclusion criteria were to select studies that 1) were original research articles published in a peer-reviewed journal in the past 25 years, 2) studied subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis or in the prodromal phase of illness, and 3) included examinations into verbal memory performance in those at clinical high risk for psychosis.64 articles were identified and screened for eligibility. The review included 34 studies investigating verbal memory impairment in clinical high risk individuals compared to controls. The average effect size of verbal learning total recall was .58, indicating a moderate level of impairment in verbal learning among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis as compared to healthy controls. Of studies that predicted time to conversion, indices of memory, particularly declarative and verbal working memory, were especially predictive of future conversion. Finally, when examining investigations of the neural correlates of memory dysfunction in the clinical high risk state, findings suggest altered activation and functional connectivity among medial temporal lobe regions may underlie differences in memory performance between clinical high risk individuals and healthy controls.Findings to date strongly indicate that memory impairments are present during the premorbid phase of psychosis and that verbal memory impairment in particular is predictive of future conversion to psychosis. Evidence from fMRI studies is fairly consistent in showing greater activation of memory-related regions during retrieval among clinical high risk cases who convert, with less consistent evidence of altered functional connectivity in the encoding phase. These findings support the use of verbal learning and memory measures in the psychosis prediction and prevention field.
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19
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Tada M, Kirihara K, Koshiyama D, Fujioka M, Usui K, Uka T, Komatsu M, Kunii N, Araki T, Kasai K. Gamma-Band Auditory Steady-State Response as a Neurophysiological Marker for Excitation and Inhibition Balance: A Review for Understanding Schizophrenia and Other Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Clin EEG Neurosci 2020; 51:234-243. [PMID: 31402699 DOI: 10.1177/1550059419868872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Altered gamma oscillations have attracted considerable attention as an index of the excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance in schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) has been the most robust probe of abnormal gamma oscillatory dynamics in schizophrenia. Here, we review recent ASSR studies in patients with schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Preclinical ASSR research, which has contributed to the elucidation of the underlying pathophysiology of these diseases, is also discussed. The developmental trajectory of the ASSR has been explored and may show signs of the maturation and disruption of E/I balance in adolescence. Animal model studies have shown that synaptic interactions between parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons and pyramidal neurons contribute to the regulation of E/I balance, which is related to the generation of gamma oscillation. Therefore, ASSR alteration may be a significant electrophysiological finding related to the E/I imbalance in neuropsychiatric disorders, which is a cross-disease feature and may reflect clinical staging. Future studies regarding ASSR generation, especially in nonhuman primate models, will advance our understanding of the brain circuit and the molecular mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Fujioka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Usui
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Uka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Misako Komatsu
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoto Kunii
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Nakamura T, Dinh TH, Asai M, Nishimaru H, Matsumoto J, Takamura Y, Hori E, Honda S, Yamada H, Mihara T, Matsumoto M, Nishijo H. Non-invasive electroencephalographical (EEG) recording system in awake monkeys. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04043. [PMID: 32490247 PMCID: PMC7260294 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human clinical studies reported that several electroencephalographical (EEG) parameters can be used as biomarkers of psychiatric disorders. EEGs recorded from non-human primates (monkeys) is useful for understanding of human pathologies of psychiatric disorders and development of new therapeutic agents. New methods In this study, we expand a previous non-invasive head holding system with face masks for awake monkeys to be applied to scalp EEG recording. The new design of a head holding system allows to attach scalp EEG electrodes on the positions comparable to human electrode placement and to present auditory stimuli. Results With this system, we could record auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) in auditory sensory gating and oddball paradigms, which are often used as biomarkers of psychiatric disorders in animal models and human patients. The recorded AEPs were comparable to previous human clinical data. Comparison with existing methods Compared with previous non-invasive head holding systems, top, side (cheek and ears), and rear of the head can be open for attachment of EEG electrodes and auditory stimulation in the present system. Conclusions The results suggest that the present system is useful in EEG recording from awake monkeys. Furthermore, this system can be applied to eye-tracking and chronic intra-cerebral recording experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Nakamura
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Trong Ha Dinh
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Makoto Asai
- Candidate Discovery Science Labs, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishimaru
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Jumpei Matsumoto
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yusaku Takamura
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hori
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Sokichi Honda
- Candidate Discovery Science Labs, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Candidate Discovery Science Labs, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Takuma Mihara
- Candidate Discovery Science Labs, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Mitsuyuki Matsumoto
- Candidate Discovery Science Labs, Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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21
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Tada M, Suda Y, Kirihara K, Koshiyama D, Fujioka M, Usui K, Araki T, Kasai K, Uka T. Translatability of Scalp EEG Recordings of Duration-Deviant Mismatch Negativity Between Macaques and Humans: A Pilot Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:874. [PMID: 33005162 PMCID: PMC7479845 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a negative deflection of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) elicited by an abrupt change in a sound presented repeatedly. In patients with schizophrenia, MMN is consistently reduced, which makes it a promising biomarker. A non-human primate (NHP) model of MMN based on scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings can provide a useful translational tool, given the high structural homology of the prefrontal and auditory cortices between NHPs, such as macaques, and humans. However, in previous MMN studies, the NHP models used did not allow for comparison with humans because of differences in task settings. Moreover, duration-deviant MMN (dMMN), whose reduction is larger than that in the frequency-deviant MMN (fMMN) in patients with schizophrenia, has never been demonstrated in NHP models. In this study, we determined whether dMMN can be observed in macaque scalp EEG recordings. EEGs were recorded from frontal electrodes (Fz) in two Japanese macaques. Consistent with clinical settings, auditory stimuli consisted of two pure tones, a standard and a deviant tone, in an oddball paradigm. The deviant and standard tones differed in duration (50 and 100 ms for the standard and deviant tones, respectively). A robust dMMN with a latency of around 200 ms, comparable to that in humans, was observed in both monkeys. A comparison with fMMN showed that the dMMN latency was the longer of the two. By bridging the gap between basic and clinical research, our results will contribute to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN), Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Suda
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medical, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Fujioka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Usui
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN), Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Uka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medical, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, Machida, Japan
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22
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Fujioka M, Kirihara K, Koshiyama D, Tada M, Nagai T, Usui K, Morita S, Kawakami S, Morita K, Satomura Y, Koike S, Suga M, Araki T, Kasai K. Mismatch Negativity Predicts Remission and Neurocognitive Function in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:770. [PMID: 32848939 PMCID: PMC7416637 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the early intervention in psychosis, ultra-high risk (UHR) criteria have been used to identify individuals who are prone to develop psychosis. Although the transition rate to psychosis in individuals at UHR is 10% to 30% within several years, some individuals at UHR present with poor prognoses even without transition occurring. Therefore, it is important to identify biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of individuals at UHR, regardless of transition. We investigated whether mismatch negativity (MMN) in response to both duration deviant stimuli (dMMN) and frequency deviant stimuli (fMMN) could predict prognosis, including remission and neurocognitive function in individuals at UHR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Individuals at UHR (n = 24) and healthy controls (HC; n = 18) participated in this study. In an auditory oddball paradigm, both dMMN and fMMN were measured at baseline. Remission and neurocognitive function after > 180 days were examined in the UHR group. Remission from UHR was defined as functional and symptomatic improvement using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score and Scale of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS) positive subscales. Neurocognitive function was measured using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). We examined differences in MMN amplitude at baseline between those who achieved remission (remitters) and those who did not (non-remitters). Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify predictors for functioning, positive symptoms, and neurocognitive function. RESULTS Compared with the HC group, the UHR group had a significantly attenuated dMMN amplitude (p = 0.003). In the UHR group, GAF scores significantly improved during the follow-up period (mean value 47.1 to 55.5, p = 0.004). The dMMN amplitude at baseline was significantly larger in the remitter (n = 6) than in the non-remitter group (n = 18) (p = 0.039). The total SOPS positive subscale scores and fMMN amplitude at baseline could predict BACS attention subscore at the follow-up point (SOPS positive subscales, p = 0.030; fMMN, p = 0.041). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that dMMN and fMMN predicted remission and neurocognitive function, respectively, in individuals at UHR, which suggests that there are both promising biomarker candidates for predicting prognosis in individuals at UHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Fujioka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Kawamuro Memorial Hospital, Joetsu, Japan
| | - Kaori Usui
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Morita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kawakami
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Satomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,UTokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behaviour (CiSHuB), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motomu Suga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Clinical Psychology, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,UTokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behaviour (CiSHuB), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Lho SK, Kim M, Park J, Hwang WJ, Moon SY, Oh S, Kwon JS. Progressive Impairment of Mismatch Negativity Is Reflective of Underlying Pathophysiological Changes in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:587. [PMID: 32625126 PMCID: PMC7314980 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mismatch negativity (MMN) is associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, whether MMN progressively worsens during the initial years of psychotic disorder has not yet been sufficiently studied. We aimed to investigate whether longitudinal reduction of MMN occurs in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and whether it is reflective of change in cognitive functioning or clinical status. METHODS MMN and the clinical status of 25 patients with FEP were measured and the Trail Making Test (TMT) was administered at baseline and reassessed after 1 year of usual treatment. The MMN of 25 matched healthy controls (HCs) was measured at baseline. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare MMNs at baseline among the groups, and paired t-test was utilized to compare the baseline and 1-year MMN amplitudes of FEP patients. To identify the association between changes in MMN and changes in cognitive, symptomatic, or functional status over 1 year, multiple regression analysis was used to control for other possible confounders. RESULTS MMN amplitudes at baseline were significantly attenuated in FEP patients compared to those in HC. The 1-year follow-up MMN amplitude decreased significantly at the Fz electrode site in the FEP group. Additionally, the decreased MMN amplitude significantly correlated with worsened TMT part B (TMT-B) performance over 1 year but did not correlate with symptomatic or functional improvement. CONCLUSIONS FEP patients with an MMN amplitude reduction showed worsening of cognitive functioning, which might reflect pathophysiological progression during the early years of a psychotic episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Kyungjin Lho
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihye Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wu Jeong Hwang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, South Korea
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24
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Fong CY, Law WHC, Uka T, Koike S. Auditory Mismatch Negativity Under Predictive Coding Framework and Its Role in Psychotic Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:557932. [PMID: 33132932 PMCID: PMC7511529 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.557932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional neuroscience sees sensory perception as a simple feedforward process. This view is challenged by the predictive coding model in recent years due to the robust evidence researchers had found on how our prediction could influence perception. In the first half of this article, we reviewed the concept of predictive brain and some empirical evidence of sensory prediction in visual and auditory processing. The predictive function along the auditory pathway was mainly studied by mismatch negativity (MMN)-a brain response to an unexpected disruption of regularity. We summarized a range of MMN paradigms and discussed how they could contribute to the theoretical development of the predictive coding neural network by the mechanism of adaptation and deviance detection. Such methodological and conceptual evolution sharpen MMN as a tool to better understand the structural and functional brain abnormality for neuropsychiatric disorder such as schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yuen Fong
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Japan
| | - Wai Him Crystal Law
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Japan
| | - Takanori Uka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Japan.,University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Meguro-ku, Japan.,University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behavior (CiSHuB), 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Japan.,The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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25
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Inaba H, Namba H, Sotoyama H, Narihara I, Jodo E, Yabe H, Eifuku S, Nawa H. Sound frequency dependence of duration mismatch negativity recorded from awake rats. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2019; 40:96-101. [PMID: 31788981 PMCID: PMC7292213 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The brain function that detects deviations in the acoustic environment can be evaluated with mismatch negativity (MMN). MMN to sound duration deviance has recently drawn attention as a biomarker for schizophrenia. Nonhuman animals, including rats, also exhibit MMN‐like potentials. Therefore, MMN research in nonhuman animals can help to clarify the neural mechanisms underlying MMN production. However, results from preclinical MMN studies on duration deviance have been conflicting. We investigated the effect of sound frequency on MMN‐like potentials to duration deviance in rats. Methods Event‐related potentials were recorded from an electrode placed on the primary auditory cortex of free‐moving rats using an oddball paradigm consisting of 50‐ms duration tones (standards) and 150‐ms duration tones (deviants) at a 500‐ms stimulus onset asynchrony. The sound frequency was set to three conditions: 3, 12, and 50 kHz. Results MMN‐like potentials that depended on the short‐term stimulus history of background regularity were only observed in the 12‐kHz tone frequency condition. Conclusions MMN‐like potentials to duration deviance are subject to tone frequency of the oddball paradigm in rats, suggesting that rats have distinct sound duration recognition ability. We investigated the effect of sound frequency on mismatch negativity (MMN)‐like potentials to duration deviance in rats. The sound frequency was set to three conditions: 3, 12, and 50 kHz. As a result, MMN‐like potentials that depended on the short‐term stimulus history of background regularity were only observed in the 12‐kHz tone frequency condition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Inaba
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Namba
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Sotoyama
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Itaru Narihara
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eiichi Jodo
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirooki Yabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Eifuku
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nawa
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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26
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Crespi B, Dinsdale N. Autism and psychosis as diametrical disorders of embodiment. Evol Med Public Health 2019; 2019:121-138. [PMID: 31402979 PMCID: PMC6682708 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have evolved an elaborate system of self-consciousness, self-identity, self-agency, and self-embodiment that is grounded in specific neurological structures including an expanded insula. Instantiation of the bodily self has been most-extensively studied via the 'rubber hand illusion', whereby parallel stimulation of a hidden true hand, and a viewed false hand, leads to the felt belief that the false hand is one's own. Autism and schizophrenia have both long been regarded as conditions centrally involving altered development of the self, but they have yet to be compared directly with regard to the self and embodiment. Here, we synthesize the embodied cognition literature for these and related conditions, and describe evidence that these two sets of disorders exhibit opposite susceptibilities from typical individuals to the rubber hand illusion: reduced on the autism spectrum and increased in schizophrenia and other psychotic-affective conditions. Moreover, the opposite illusion effects are mediated by a consilient set of associated phenomena, including empathy, interoception, anorexia risk and phenotypes, and patterns of genetic correlation. Taken together, these findings: (i) support the diametric model of autism and psychotic-affective disorders, (ii) implicate the adaptive human system of self-embodiment, and its neural bases, in neurodevelopmental disorders, and suggest new therapies and (iii) experimentally ground Bayesian predictive coding models with regard to autism compared with psychosis. Lay summary: Humans have evolved a highly developed sense of self and perception of one's own body. The 'rubber hand illusion' can be used to test individual variation in sense of self, relative to connection with others. We show that this illusion is reduced in autism spectrum disorders, and increased in psychotic and mood disorders. These findings have important implications for understanding and treatment of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Crespi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Natalie Dinsdale
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Abnormal development of early auditory processing in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:138. [PMID: 30992427 PMCID: PMC6467880 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2 DS) is one of the highest genetic risk factors for the development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In schizophrenia, reduced amplitude of the frequency mismatch negativity (fMMN) has been proposed as a promising neurophysiological marker for progressive brain pathology. In this longitudinal study in 22q11.2 DS, we investigate the progression of fMMN between childhood and adolescence, a vulnerable period for brain maturation. We measured evoked potentials to auditory oddball stimuli in the same sample of 16 patients with 22q11.2 DS and 14 age-matched controls in childhood and adolescence. In addition, we cross-sectionally compared an increased sample of 51 participants with 22q11.2 DS and 50 controls divided into two groups (8-14 and 14-20 years). The reported results are obtained using the fMMN difference waveforms. In the longitudinal design, the 22q11.2 deletion carriers exhibit a significant reduction in amplitude and a change in topographic patterns of the mismatch negativity response from childhood to adolescence. The same effect, reduced mismatch amplitude in adolescence, while preserved during childhood, is observed in the cross-sectional study. These results point towards functional changes within the brain network responsible for the fMMN. In addition, the adolescents with 22q11.2 DS displayed a significant increase in amplitude over central electrodes during the auditory N1 component. No such differences, reduced mismatch response nor increased N1, were observed in the typically developing group. These findings suggest different developmental trajectories of early auditory sensory processing in 22q11.2 DS and functional changes that emerge during the critical period of increased risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
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Larsen KM, Dzafic I, Siebner HR, Garrido MI. Alteration of functional brain architecture in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome – Insights into susceptibility for psychosis. Neuroimage 2019; 190:154-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe psychotic disorder that is highly heritable and common in the general population. The genetic heterogeneity of SZ is substantial, with contributions from common, rare, and de novo variants, in addition to environmental factors. Large genome-wide association studies have detected many variants that are associated with SZ, yet the pathways by which these variants influence risk remain largely unknown. SZ is also clinically heterogeneous, with patients exhibiting a broad range of deficits and symptom severity that vary over the course of illness and treatment, which has complicated efforts to identify risk variants. However, the underlying brain dysfunction forms a more stable trait marker that quantitative neurocognitive and neurophysiological endophenotypes may be able to objectively measure. These endophenotypes are less likely to be heterogeneous than the disorder and provide a neurobiological context to detect risk variants and underlying pathways among genes associated with SZ diagnosis. Furthermore, many endophenotypes are translational into animal model systems, allowing for direct evaluation of the neural circuit dysfunctions and neurobiological substrates. We review a selection of the most promising SZ endophenotypes, including prepulse inhibition, mismatch negativity, oculomotor antisaccade, letter-number sequencing, and continuous performance tests. We also highlight recent findings from large consortia that suggest the potential role of genes, particularly in the neuregulin and glutamate pathways, in several of these endophenotypes. Although endophenotypes require additional time and effort to assess, the insight into the underlying neurobiology that they provide may ultimately reveal the underlying genetic architecture for SZ and suggest novel treatment targets.
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Koola MM. Attenuated Mismatch Negativity in Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome Predicts Psychosis: Can Galantamine-Memantine Combination Prevent Psychosis? MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2018; 4:71-74. [PMID: 30397594 PMCID: PMC6206967 DOI: 10.1159/000488797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although first proposed in 1987, early diagnosis and intervention of psychotic disorders has only recently become a priority in the field. The interest in clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis skyrocketed after attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS) was added to the DSM-5. There is evidence that in individuals with APS, attenuated mismatch negativity (MMN: functioning of the auditory sensory memory system) is a robust biomarker that can predict transition to psychosis. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism of MMN is via the interaction of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine (α-7nACh) receptors. Galantamine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and a positive allosteric modulator of the α-7nACh receptors. Memantine is an NMDA receptor antagonist. Memantine has been shown to enhance MMN in people with schizophrenia. Although no studies with galantamine have measured MMN, encenicline, an α-7 nicotinic partial agonist, increased MMN in people with schizophrenia. MMN has been suggested as a potential biomarker with the galantamine-memantine combination for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Hence, the galantamine-memantine combination may enhance MMN, thereby preventing CHR to psychosis. With no treatments available, randomized controlled trials are warranted with the galantamine-memantine combination to delay or prevent conversion to psychosis in individuals with CHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maju Mathew Koola
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Koshiyama D, Kirihara K, Tada M, Nagai T, Fujioka M, Koike S, Suga M, Araki T, Kasai K. Association between mismatch negativity and global functioning is specific to duration deviance in early stages of psychosis. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:378-384. [PMID: 28986006 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a candidate biomarker for early stages of psychosis. Although an association among duration MMN (dMMN), cognitive deficits, and functional outcome in chronic schizophrenia has been shown by a large-scale study, the effects of deviant type and clinical stages have not been investigated. METHODS We investigated the relationships among dMMN, frequency MMN (fMMN), global functioning, and cognitive function in early stages of psychosis. The participants included 26 individuals with recent-onset schizophrenia (ROSZ), 30 individuals with ultra-high risk (UHR), and 20 healthy controls. RESULTS The correlational analyses revealed that dMMN amplitude, which was impaired in the ROSZ group compared to the healthy controls, correlated with global functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning-Functioning scale) in the ROSZ (r=-0.45) and UHR (r=-0.37) groups. The amplitude of fMMN, which did not differ among the groups, correlated with working memory (r=-0.57) only in the ROSZ group. The path analyses indicated that dMMN had a direct effect on global functioning in the ROSZ and UHR groups while fMMN had a direct effect on working memory only in the ROSZ group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that the association between MMN and global functioning was specific to the duration deviant and was already present in early stages of psychosis. These findings confirm the usefulness of dMMN as a biological marker of early psychosis to guide treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Kawamuro Memorial Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mao Fujioka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, Japan; Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motomu Suga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Woods SW, Powers AR, Taylor JH, Davidson CA, Johannesen JK, Addington J, Perkins DO, Bearden CE, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Cornblatt BA, Seidman LJ, Tsuang MT, Walker EF, McGlashan TH. Lack of Diagnostic Pluripotentiality in Patients at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Specificity of Comorbidity Persistence and Search for Pluripotential Subgroups. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:254-263. [PMID: 29036402 PMCID: PMC5814797 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
More than 20 years after the clinical high risk syndrome for psychosis (CHR) was first articulated, it remains controversial whether the CHR syndrome predicts onset of psychosis with diagnostic specificity or predicts pluripotential diagnostic outcomes. Recently, analyses of observational studies, however, have suggested that the CHR syndrome is not pluripotential for emergent diagnostic outcomes. The present report conducted additional analyses in previously reported samples to determine (1) whether comorbid disorders were more likely to persist in CHR patients compared to a comparison group of patients who responded to CHR recruitment efforts but did not meet criteria, termed help-seeking comparison subjects (HSC); and (2) whether clinically defined pluripotential CHR subgroups could be identified. All data were derived from 2 multisite studies in which DSM-IV structured diagnostic interviews were conducted at baseline and at 6-month intervals. Across samples we observed persistence of any nonpsychotic disorder in 80/147 CHR cases (54.4%) and in 48/84 HSC cases (57.1%, n.s.). Findings with persistence of anxiety, depressive, and bipolar disorders considered separately were similar. Efforts to discover pluripotential CHR subgroups were unsuccessful. These findings add additional support to the view that the CHR syndrome is not pluripotential for predicting various diagnostic outcomes but rather is specific for predicting emergent psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Woods
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Albert R Powers
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jerome H Taylor
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Charlie A Davidson
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jason K Johannesen
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Larry J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, UCSD, San Diego, CA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elaine F Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.,Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Thomas H McGlashan
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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Kurachi M, Takahashi T, Sumiyoshi T, Uehara T, Suzuki M. Early Intervention and a Direction of Novel Therapeutics for the Improvement of Functional Outcomes in Schizophrenia: A Selective Review. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:39. [PMID: 29515467 PMCID: PMC5826072 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent review reported that the median proportion of patients recovering from schizophrenia was 13.5% and that this did not change over time. Various factors including the duration of untreated psychosis, cognitive impairment, negative symptoms, and morphological changes in the brain influence the functional outcome of schizophrenia. The authors herein reviewed morphological changes in the brain of schizophrenia patients, effects of early intervention, and a direction of developing novel therapeutics to achieve significant improvement of the functional outcome. METHODS A selective review of the literature including studies from our department was performed. RESULTS Longitudinal structural neuroimaging studies on schizophrenia revealed that volume reductions in the peri-Sylvian regions (e.g., superior temporal gyrus and insula), which are related to positive psychotic symptoms, progress around the onset (critical stage) of schizophrenia, but become stable in the chronic stage. On the other hand, morphological changes in the fronto-thalamic regions and lateral ventricle, which are related to negative symptoms, neurocognitive dysfunction, and the functional outcome, progress during both the critical and chronic stages. These changes in the peri-Sylvian and fronto-thalamic regions may provide a pathophysiological basis for Crow's two-syndrome classification. Accumulated evidence from early intervention trials suggests that the transition risk from an at-risk mental state (ARMS) to psychosis is approximately 30%. Differences in the cognitive performance, event-related potentials (e.g., mismatch negativity), and brain morphology have been reported between ARMS subjects who later developed psychosis and those who did not. Whether early intervention for ARMS significantly improves the long-term recovery rate of schizophrenia patients remains unknown. With respect to the development of novel therapeutics, animal models of schizophrenia based on the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor hypofunction hypothesis successfully mimicked behavioral changes associated with cognitive impairments characteristic of the disease. Furthermore, these animal models elicited histological changes in the brain similar to those observed in schizophrenia patients, i.e., decreased numbers of parvalbumin-positive interneurons and dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons in the frontal cortex. Some antioxidant compounds were found to ameliorate these behavioral and histological abnormalities. CONCLUSION Early intervention coupled with novel therapeutics may offer a promising approach for substantial improvement of the functional outcome of schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomiki Sumiyoshi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Uehara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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34
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Joshi YB, Light GA. Using EEG-Guided Basket and Umbrella Trials in Psychiatry: A Precision Medicine Approach for Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:554. [PMID: 30510520 PMCID: PMC6252381 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to advances over the last several decades, many fields of medicine are moving toward a precision medicine approach where treatments are tailored to nuanced patient factors. While in some disciplines these innovations are commonplace leading to unique biomarker-guided experimental medicine trials, there are no such analogs in psychiatry. In this brief review, we will overview two unique biomarker-guided trial designs for future use in psychiatry: basket and umbrella trials. We will illustrate how such trials could be useful in psychiatry using schizophrenia as a candidate illness, the EEG measure mismatch negativity as the candidate biomarker, and cognitive impairment as the target disease dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash B Joshi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Health Care System, San Diego, CA, United States
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35
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Koshiyama D, Kirihara K, Tada M, Nagai T, Koike S, Suga M, Araki T, Kasai K. Duration and frequency mismatch negativity shows no progressive reduction in early stages of psychosis. Schizophr Res 2017; 190:32-38. [PMID: 28314681 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of event-related potentials, which is being increasingly recognized as a candidate biomarker for early stages of psychosis. Although previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated small MMN amplitude in early stages of psychosis, it remains unknown whether small MMN amplitude is due to progressive reduction during the early course. In this study, we investigated longitudinal changes of MMN in early stages of psychosis. Participant included 14 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP), 16 individuals with ultra-high risk (UHR), and 16 healthy control subjects (HC). We measured MMN in response to duration deviants (dMMN) and that in response to frequency deviants (fMMN), respectively. The amplitudes of dMMN in FEP and UHR were significantly smaller in comparison to those in HC, which did not show a progressive decrease over time. The amplitude of fMMN did not differ among groups, which again did not show progression. There was no significant correlation between the length of the follow-up period and the longitudinal change of either deviant-type MMN in the FEP or UHR. These results suggest that dMMN is a trait marker in the early stages of psychosis, and that small dMMN amplitude in early stages of psychosis may reflect altered developmental process rather than progressive brain pathology. The amplitude of fMMN may not alter in early stages of psychosis. These findings may contribute to the future establishment of MMN as a biomarker in early stages of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Kawamuro Memorial Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, Japan; Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motomu Suga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Youth Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Okano H, Sasaki E, Yamamori T, Iriki A, Shimogori T, Yamaguchi Y, Kasai K, Miyawaki A. Brain/MINDS: A Japanese National Brain Project for Marmoset Neuroscience. Neuron 2017; 92:582-590. [PMID: 27809998 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Brain/MINDS (Brain Mapping by Integrated Neurotechnologies for Disease Studies) is a national brain project started by Japan in 2014. With the goal of developing the common marmoset as a model animal for neuroscience, the project aims to build a multiscale marmoset brain map, develop new technologies for experimentalists, create transgenic lines for brain disease modeling, and integrate translational findings from the clinical biomarker landscape. Brain/MINDS will collaborate with global brain projects to share technologies and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Okano
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan; Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamamori
- Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iriki
- Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shimogori
- Laboratory for Molecular Mechanisms of Thalamus Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamaguchi
- Neuroinformatics Japan Center, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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Sauer A, Zeev-Wolf M, Grent-'t-Jong T, Recasens M, Wacongne C, Wibral M, Helbling S, Peled A, Grinshpoon A, Singer W, Goldstein A, Uhlhaas PJ. Impairment in predictive processes during auditory mismatch negativity in ScZ: Evidence from event-related fields. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:5082-5093. [PMID: 28677252 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia (ScZ) show pronounced dysfunctions in auditory perception but the underlying mechanisms as well as the localization of the deficit remain unclear. To examine these questions, the current study examined whether alterations in the neuromagnetic mismatch negativity (MMNm) in ScZ-patients could involve an impairment in sensory predictions in local sensory and higher auditory areas. Using a whole-head MEG-approach, we investigated the MMNm as well as P300m and N100m amplitudes during a hierarchical auditory novelty paradigm in 16 medicated ScZ-patients and 16 controls. In addition, responses to omitted sounds were investigated, allowing for a critical test of the predictive coding hypothesis. Source-localization was performed to identify the generators of the MMNm, omission responses as well as the P300m. Clinical symptoms were examined with the positive and negative syndrome scale. Event-related fields (ERFs) to standard sounds were intact in ScZ-patients. However, the ScZ-group showed a reduction in the amplitude of the MMNm during both local (within trials) and global (across trials) conditions as well as an absent P300m at the global level. Importantly, responses to sound omissions were reduced in ScZ-patients which overlapped both in latency and generators with the MMNm sources. Thus, our data suggest that auditory dysfunctions in ScZ involve impaired predictive processes that involve deficits in both automatic and conscious detection of auditory regularities. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5082-5093, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sauer
- Department of Neurophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maor Zeev-Wolf
- Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Tineke Grent-'t-Jong
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Recasens
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Wacongne
- Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia Helbling
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Abraham Peled
- Sha'ar Menashe Mental Health Center, Hadera, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alexander Grinshpoon
- Sha'ar Menashe Mental Health Center, Hadera, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Wolf Singer
- Department of Neurophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Department of Neurophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Nagai T, Kirihara K, Tada M, Koshiyama D, Koike S, Suga M, Araki T, Hashimoto K, Kasai K. Reduced Mismatch Negativity is Associated with Increased Plasma Level of Glutamate in First-episode Psychosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2258. [PMID: 28536477 PMCID: PMC5442101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced amplitude of mismatch negativity (MMN) is one of the more promising biological markers of schizophrenia. This finding holds true in both early and chronic phases of the disorder, and is compatible with the glutamatergic dysfunction hypothesis. To further establish MMN as a biomarker of aberrant glutamatergic neurotransmission, an exploration for an association with blood levels of glutamatergic amino acids is an important next step. Despite a large body of work investigating MMN in schizophrenia, no previous studies have undertaken this endeavor. Nineteen patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP), 21 ultra-high risk individuals (UHR), and 16 healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. The MMNs in response to duration change (dMMN) and frequency change (fMMN) were measured. The fasting plasma levels of glutamate, glutamine, glycine, D-serine, and L-serine were measured. dMMN amplitudes were significantly reduced in FEP and UHR, compared to HC. The plasma levels of glutamate of FEP were significantly higher than those of HC. Higher plasma levels of glutamate were associated with smaller dMMN amplitudes in the FEP and HC groups. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that MMN is a useful biological marker of aberrant glutamatergic neurotransmission in the early stages of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Nagai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawamuro Memorial Hospital 71-Ko, Ohaza, Kitashinpo, Joetsu-shi, Niigata-ken, 943-0109, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Office for Counseling and Support, Division for Mental Health Support, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Motomu Suga
- Department of Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Youth Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuuoku-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba-ken, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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Impey D, de la Salle S, Baddeley A, Knott V. Effects of an NMDA antagonist on the auditory mismatch negativity response to transcranial direct current stimulation. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:614-624. [PMID: 27624152 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116665336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive form of brain stimulation which uses a weak constant current to alter cortical excitability and activity temporarily. tDCS-induced increases in neuronal excitability and performance improvements have been observed following anodal stimulation of brain regions associated with visual and motor functions, but relatively little research has been conducted with respect to auditory processing. Recently, pilot study results indicate that anodal tDCS can increase auditory deviance detection, whereas cathodal tDCS decreases auditory processing, as measured by a brain-based event-related potential (ERP), mismatch negativity (MMN). As evidence has shown that tDCS lasting effects may be dependent on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activity, the current study investigated the use of dextromethorphan (DMO), an NMDA antagonist, to assess possible modulation of tDCS's effects on both MMN and working memory performance. The study, conducted in 12 healthy volunteers, involved four laboratory test sessions within a randomised, placebo and sham-controlled crossover design that compared pre- and post-anodal tDCS over the auditory cortex (2 mA for 20 minutes to excite cortical activity temporarily and locally) and sham stimulation (i.e. device is turned off) during both DMO (50 mL) and placebo administration. Anodal tDCS increased MMN amplitudes with placebo administration. Significant increases were not seen with sham stimulation or with anodal stimulation during DMO administration. With sham stimulation (i.e. no stimulation), DMO decreased MMN amplitudes. Findings from this study contribute to the understanding of underlying neurobiological mechanisms mediating tDCS sensory and memory improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Impey
- 1 Clinical Neuroelectrophysiology and Cognitive Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada.,2 School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sara de la Salle
- 1 Clinical Neuroelectrophysiology and Cognitive Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada.,2 School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ashley Baddeley
- 1 Clinical Neuroelectrophysiology and Cognitive Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Verner Knott
- 1 Clinical Neuroelectrophysiology and Cognitive Research Laboratory, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada.,2 School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Atkinson RJ, Fulham WR, Michie PT, Ward PB, Todd J, Stain H, Langdon R, Thienel R, Paulik G, Cooper G, Schall U. Electrophysiological, cognitive and clinical profiles of at-risk mental state: The longitudinal Minds in Transition (MinT) study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171657. [PMID: 28187217 PMCID: PMC5302824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of schizophrenia is typically preceded by a prodromal period lasting several years during which sub-threshold symptoms may be identified retrospectively. Clinical interviews are currently used to identify individuals who have an ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing a psychotic illness with a view to provision of interventions that prevent, delay or reduce severity of future mental health issues. The utility of bio-markers as an adjunct in the identification of UHR individuals is not yet established. Several event-related potential measures, especially mismatch-negativity (MMN), have been identified as potential biomarkers for schizophrenia. In this 12-month longitudinal study, demographic, clinical and neuropsychological data were acquired from 102 anti-psychotic naive UHR and 61 healthy controls, of whom 80 UHR and 58 controls provided valid EEG data during a passive auditory task at baseline. Despite widespread differences between UHR and controls on demographic, clinical and neuropsychological measures, MMN and P3a did not differ between these groups. Of 67 UHR at the 12-month follow-up, 7 (10%) had transitioned to a psychotic illness. The statistical power to detect differences between those who did or did not transition was limited by the lower than expected transition rate. ERPs did not predict transition, with trends in the opposite direction to that predicted. In exploratory analysis, the strongest predictors of transition were measures of verbal memory and subjective emotional disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebbekah J. Atkinson
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - W. Ross Fulham
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Patricia T. Michie
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip B. Ward
- School of Medicine and Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Juanita Todd
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Stain
- Centre for Rural and Remote Mental Health, Bloomfield Hospital, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Social and Health Sciences, Leeds Trinity University, Horsforth Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Robyn Langdon
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Renate Thienel
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Institute for Mental Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgie Paulik
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gavin Cooper
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Ulrich Schall
- Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia
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Rydkjær J, Møllegaard Jepsen JR, Pagsberg AK, Fagerlund B, Glenthøj BY, Oranje B. Mismatch negativity and P3a amplitude in young adolescents with first-episode psychosis: a comparison with ADHD. Psychol Med 2017; 47:377-388. [PMID: 27776572 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficient mismatch negativity (MMN) has been proposed as a candidate biomarker in schizophrenia and may therefore be potentially useful in early identification and intervention in early onset psychosis. In this study we explored whether deficits in the automatic orienting and reorienting responses, measured as MMN and P3a amplitude, are present in young adolescents with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and whether findings are specific to psychosis compared to young adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD MMN and P3a amplitude were assessed in young adolescents (age 12-17 years) with either FEP (N = 27) or ADHD (N = 28) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (N = 43). The MMN paradigm consisted of a four-tone auditory oddball task with deviant stimuli based on frequency, duration and their combination. RESULTS Significantly less MMN was found in patients with psychosis compared to healthy controls in response to frequency and duration deviants. MMN amplitudes in the group of patients with ADHD were not significantly different from patients with psychosis or healthy controls. No significant group differences were found on P3a amplitude. CONCLUSION Young adolescents with FEP showed impaired MMN compared to healthy controls while intermediate and overlapping levels of MMN were observed in adolescents with ADHD. The findings suggest that young FEP patients already exhibit pre-attentive deficits that are characteristic of schizophrenia albeit expressed on a continuum shared with other neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rydkjær
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - J R Møllegaard Jepsen
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - A K Pagsberg
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center,Mental Health Services,Capital Region of Denmark,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - B Fagerlund
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - B Y Glenthøj
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - B Oranje
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR),Mental Health Centre Glostrup,University of Copenhagen,Denmark
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42
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Haigh SM, Coffman BA, Salisbury DF. Mismatch Negativity in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis. Clin EEG Neurosci 2017; 48:3-10. [PMID: 27170669 PMCID: PMC5768309 DOI: 10.1177/1550059416645980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) to deviant stimuli is robustly smaller in individuals with chronic schizophrenia compared with healthy controls (Cohen's d > 1.0 or more), leading to the possibility of MMN being used as a biomarker for schizophrenia. However, there is some debate in the literature as to whether MMN is reliably reduced in first-episode schizophrenia patients. For the biomarker to be used as a predictive marker for schizophrenia, it should be reduced in the majority of cases known to have the disease, particularly at disease onset. We conducted a meta-analysis on the fourteen studies that measured MMN to pitch or duration deviants in healthy controls and patients within 12 months of their first episode of schizophrenia. The overall effect size showed no MMN reduction in first-episode patients to pitch-deviants (Cohen's d < 0.04), and a small-to-medium reduction to duration-deviants (Cohen's d = 0.47). Together, this indicates that pitch-deviant MMN is not a candidate biomarker for schizophrenia prediction, while duration-deviant MMN may hold some promise, albeit nearly a third as large an effect as in chronic schizophrenia. Potential causes for discrepancies between studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Haigh
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brian A Coffman
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dean F Salisbury
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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43
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Nishimura Y, Kawakubo Y, Suga M, Hashimoto K, Takei Y, Takei K, Inoue H, Yumoto M, Takizawa R, Kasai K. Familial Influences on Mismatch Negativity and Its Association with Plasma Glutamate Level: A Magnetoencephalographic Study in Twins. MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2016; 2:161-172. [PMID: 27867941 DOI: 10.1159/000449426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) or its magnetic counterpart (magnetic mismatch negativity; MMNm) is regarded as a promising biomarker for schizophrenia. Previous electroencephalographic studies of MMN have demonstrated a moderate-to-high heritability for MMN amplitudes. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent glutamatergic neurotransmission is implicated in MMN generation. We hypothesized that the differences between identical twins in MMNm variables might be associated with differences in plasma levels of amino acids involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission. Thirty-three pairs of monozygotic (MZ) and 10 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins underwent MMNm recording. The MMNm in response to tone duration changes, tone frequency changes, and phonemic changes was recorded using 204-channel magnetoencephalography. Of these, 26 MZ and 7 DZ twin pairs underwent blood sampling for determination of plasma amino acid levels. MMNm peak strength showed relatively high correlations in both MZ and DZ twin pairs. The differences in MMNm latencies tended to correlate with the differences in plasma amino acid levels within MZ pairs, while no significant correlation was observed after the Bonferroni correction. We observed a familial trait in MMNm strength. The differences in MMN latency in MZ twins might be influenced by changes in glutamate levels and glutamate-glutamine cycling; however, the results need to be replicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukika Nishimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakubo
- Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motomu Suga
- Department of Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Department of Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Centre for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takei
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kunio Takei
- Department of Office for Mental Health Support, Division for Counselling and Support, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Inoue
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Yumoto
- Department of Department of Clinical Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryu Takizawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Broyd SJ, Michie PT, Bruggemann J, van Hell HH, Greenwood LM, Croft RJ, Todd J, Lenroot R, Solowij N. Schizotypy and auditory mismatch negativity in a non-clinical sample of young adults. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2016; 254:83-91. [PMID: 27388803 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia may be conceptualised using a dimensional approach to examine trait-like expression such as schizotypy within non-clinical populations to better understand pathophysiology. A candidate psychosis-risk marker, the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is thought to index the functionality of glutamatergic NMDA receptor mediated neurotransmission. Although the MMN is robustly reduced in patients with schizophrenia, the association between MMN and schizotypy in the general population is under-investigated. Thirty-five healthy participants completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and a multi-feature MMN paradigm (standards 82%, 50ms, 1000Hz, 80dB) with duration (100ms), frequency (1200Hz) and intensity (90dB) deviants (6% each). Spearman's correlations were used to explore the association between schizotypal personality traits and MMN amplitude. Few associations were identified between schizotypal traits and MMN. Higher Suspiciousness subscale scores tended to be correlated with larger frequency MMN amplitude. A median-split comparison of the sample on Suspiciousness scores showed larger MMN (irrespective of deviant condition) in the High compared to the Low Suspiciousness group. The trend-level association between MMN and Suspiciousness is in contrast to the robustly attenuated MMN amplitude observed in schizophrenia. Reductions in MMN may reflect a schizophrenia-disease state, whereas non-clinical schizotypy may not be subserved by similar neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Broyd
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Patricia T Michie
- School of Psychology and Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hendrika H van Hell
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa-Marie Greenwood
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodney J Croft
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Juanita Todd
- School of Psychology and Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Araki T, Kirihara K, Koshiyama D, Nagai T, Tada M, Fukuda M, Kasai K. Intact neural activity during a Go/No-go task is associated with high global functioning in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2016; 70:278-85. [PMID: 26991316 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Go/No-go derived event-related potential (ERP) signals have been widely used in schizophrenia research to monitor self-control deficits in this disorder. However, no study to date has associated Go/No-go-related ERP with global functioning. METHODS Participants consisted of 21 patients with schizophrenia and 22 healthy controls. We used a visual Go/No-go paradigm to measure Go/No-go-related N2/P3 ERP components by means of a 64-electrode cap for electroencephalogram recording. We used the Global Assessment of Functioning to evaluate global functioning and analyzed the correlation between ERP indices and global functioning scores. RESULTS N2 amplitudes were reduced in patients with schizophrenia, but not influenced by either of the Go/No-go conditions. P3 amplitudes were influenced by the Go/No-go conditions, but not reduced in patients with schizophrenia. Global functioning was correlated with the No-go P3 amplitudes, but not N2 amplitudes, in patients with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION These results indicate that global functioning is associated with intact neural activity rather than impaired neural activity during Go/No-go response inhibition tasks in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Youth Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Fukuda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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46
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Suga M, Nishimura Y, Kawakubo Y, Yumoto M, Kasai K. Magnetoencephalographic recording of auditory mismatch negativity in response to duration and frequency deviants in a single session in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2016; 70:295-302. [PMID: 27162140 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) and its magnetoencephalographic (MEG) counterpart (MMNm) are an established biological index in schizophrenia research. MMN in response to duration and frequency deviants may have differential relevance to the pathophysiology and clinical stages of schizophrenia. MEG has advantage in that it almost purely detects MMNm arising from the auditory cortex. However, few previous MEG studies on schizophrenia have simultaneously assessed MMNm in response to duration and frequency deviants or examined the effect of chronicity on the group difference. METHODS Forty-two patients with chronic schizophrenia and 74 matched control subjects participated in the study. Using a whole-head MEG, MMNm in response to duration and frequency deviants of tones was recorded while participants passively listened to an auditory sequence. RESULTS Compared to healthy subjects, patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly reduced powers of MMNm in response to duration deviant in both hemispheres, whereas MMNm in response to frequency deviant did not differ between the two groups. These results did not change according to the chronicity of the illness. CONCLUSION These results, obtained by using a sequence-enabling simultaneous assessment of both types of MMNm, suggest that MEG recording of MMN in response to duration deviant may be a more sensitive biological marker of schizophrenia than MMN in response to frequency deviant. Our findings represent an important first step towards establishment of MMN as a biomarker for schizophrenia in real-world clinical psychiatry settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motomu Suga
- Department of Rehabilitation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukika Nishimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakubo
- Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Yumoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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47
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Schultze-Lutter F, Debbané M, Theodoridou A, Wood SJ, Raballo A, Michel C, Schmidt SJ, Kindler J, Ruhrmann S, Uhlhaas PJ. Revisiting the Basic Symptom Concept: Toward Translating Risk Symptoms for Psychosis into Neurobiological Targets. Front Psychiatry 2016; 7:9. [PMID: 26858660 PMCID: PMC4729935 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In its initial formulation, the concept of basic symptoms (BSs) integrated findings on the early symptomatic course of schizophrenia and first in vivo evidence of accompanying brain aberrations. It argued that the subtle subclinical disturbances in mental processes described as BSs were the most direct self-experienced expression of the underlying neurobiological aberrations of the disease. Other characteristic symptoms of psychosis (e.g., delusions and hallucinations) were conceptualized as secondary phenomena, resulting from dysfunctional beliefs and suboptimal coping styles with emerging BSs and/or concomitant stressors. While BSs can occur in many mental disorders, in particular affective disorders, a subset of perceptive and cognitive BSs appear to be specific to psychosis and are currently employed in two alternative risk criteria. However, despite their clinical recognition in the early detection of psychosis, neurobiological research on the aetiopathology of psychosis with neuroimaging methods has only just begun to consider the neural correlate of BSs. This perspective paper reviews the emerging evidence of an association between BSs and aberrant brain activation, connectivity patterns, and metabolism, and outlines promising routes for the use of BSs in aetiopathological research on psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Martin Debbané
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anastasia Theodoridou
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Stephen J Wood
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Chantal Michel
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Stefanie J Schmidt
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jochen Kindler
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Stephan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Peter J Uhlhaas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
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48
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Neurophysiology for Detection of High Risk for Psychosis. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2016; 2016:2697971. [PMID: 27579180 PMCID: PMC4992535 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2697971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex and often disabling disorder that is characterized by a wide range of social, emotional, and cognitive deficits. Increasing research suggests that the greatest social and cognitive therapeutic impact comes from early identification. The present study applied a well-established neurophysiological paradigm in the schizophrenia literature, mismatch negativity (MMN), to college students identified as high risk (HR) for psychosis to investigate MMN as a potential biomarker for the onset of psychosis. The hypothesis was that HR would exhibit attenuated MMN amplitudes compared to controls, as has been established in individuals with chronic schizophrenia. Participants (N = 121) were separated into Group 1 (controls) (n 1 = 72) and Group 2 (HR) (n 2 = 49) based on the established cutoff score of the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire. Participants then completed a time based MMN paradigm during which brain activity was recorded with EEG. For all electrode locations, controls demonstrated significantly more negative amplitudes than HR (Cz: F(1,119) = 8.09, p = .005; Fz: F(1, 119) = 5.74, p = .018; Pz: F(1,119) = 5.88, p = .017). Results suggested that MMN may assist in identifying those who appear high-functioning but may be at risk for later development of psychosis or cognitive and psychological difficulties associated with psychosis.
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49
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Okano H, Miyawaki A, Kasai K. Brain/MINDS: brain-mapping project in Japan. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 370:rstb.2014.0310. [PMID: 25823872 PMCID: PMC4387516 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an emerging interest in brain-mapping projects in countries across the world, including the USA, Europe, Australia and China. In 2014, Japan started a brain-mapping project called Brain Mapping by Integrated Neurotechnologies for Disease Studies (Brain/MINDS). Brain/MINDS aims to map the structure and function of neuronal circuits to ultimately understand the vast complexity of the human brain, and takes advantage of a unique non-human primate animal model, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). In Brain/MINDS, the RIKEN Brain Science Institute acts as a central institute. The objectives of Brain/MINDS can be categorized into the following three major subject areas: (i) structure and functional mapping of a non-human primate brain (the marmoset brain); (ii) development of innovative neurotechnologies for brain mapping; and (iii) human brain mapping; and clinical research. Brain/MINDS researchers are highly motivated to identify the neuronal circuits responsible for the phenotype of neurological and psychiatric disorders, and to understand the development of these devastating disorders through the integration of these three subject areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Okano
- Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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50
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Ranlund S, Adams RA, Díez Á, Constante M, Dutt A, Hall MH, Maestro Carbayo A, McDonald C, Petrella S, Schulze K, Shaikh M, Walshe M, Friston K, Pinotsis D, Bramon E. Impaired prefrontal synaptic gain in people with psychosis and their relatives during the mismatch negativity. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 37:351-65. [PMID: 26503033 PMCID: PMC4843949 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mismatch negativity (MMN) evoked potential, a preattentive brain response to a discriminable change in auditory stimulation, is significantly reduced in psychosis. Glutamatergic theories of psychosis propose that hypofunction of NMDA receptors (on pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons) causes a loss of synaptic gain control. We measured changes in neuronal effective connectivity underlying the MMN using dynamic causal modeling (DCM), where the gain (excitability) of superficial pyramidal cells is explicitly parameterised. EEG data were obtained during a MMN task—for 24 patients with psychosis, 25 of their first‐degree unaffected relatives, and 35 controls—and DCM was used to estimate the excitability (modeled as self‐inhibition) of (source‐specific) superficial pyramidal populations. The MMN sources, based on previous research, included primary and secondary auditory cortices, and the right inferior frontal gyrus. Both patients with psychosis and unaffected relatives (to a lesser degree) showed increased excitability in right inferior frontal gyrus across task conditions, compared to controls. Furthermore, in the same region, both patients and their relatives showed a reversal of the normal response to deviant stimuli; that is, a decrease in excitability in comparison to standard conditions. Our results suggest that psychosis and genetic risk for the illness are associated with both context‐dependent (condition‐specific) and context‐independent abnormalities of the excitability of superficial pyramidal cell populations in the MMN paradigm. These abnormalities could relate to NMDA receptor hypofunction on both pyramidal cells and inhibitory interneurons, and appear to be linked to the genetic aetiology of the illness, thereby constituting potential endophenotypes for psychosis. Hum Brain Mapp 37:351–365, 2016. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri Ranlund
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rick A Adams
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Álvaro Díez
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel Constante
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Beatriz Angelo, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anirban Dutt
- The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amparo Maestro Carbayo
- The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Colm McDonald
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Science Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sabrina Petrella
- The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Psychiatry, Clinical and Experimental Science Institute, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Katja Schulze
- The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, University Hospital Lewisham, London, United Kingdom
| | - Madiha Shaikh
- The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.,Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Muriel Walshe
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Friston
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitris Pinotsis
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
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