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Klein AV, Roediger L, Bendau A, Viohl L, Ernst F, Helbig J, Kühne F, Petzold MB, Betzler F. Problem drinking among university students in Berlin. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1438-1449. [PMID: 35816733 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2080503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Problem-drinking among university students is common and poses serious health-related risks. Therefore, identifying and addressing associated factors is important. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A large cross-sectional online-survey with 12,914 university students from Berlin was conducted from November 2016 to August 2017. Relative-risk- and correlation-analysis was used to identify factors associated with problem-drinking and regular heavy-drinking. Independent t-tests compared impulsivity and personality traits, chi-square-tests compared drinking motives between risk- and non-risk-drinkers. RESULTS Male gender, tobacco-smoking, illegal substance use, impulsivity and various sociodemographic and psychosocial variables were significantly related to problem/heavy-drinking. Extraversion was a risk, conscientiousness and agreeableness were protective factors. Drinking-motives did not differ significantly between risk- and non-risk-drinkers. Generally, the main drinking-motives were to feel elated, relax and social purposes. CONCLUSION The identified markers and related problem behaviors may serve as a tool to enhance the identification of student subgroups at risk for problem/heavy-drinking, and hence improve targeted health-intervention-programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas V Klein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lukas Roediger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Bendau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Leonard Viohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Ernst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Helbig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Kühne
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Moritz Bruno Petzold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Betzler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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van Beuningen B, Simons SSH, van Hooijdonk KJM, van Noorden THJ, Geurts SAE, Vink JM. Is the Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Mental Well-Being in University Students Linear, Curvilinear or Absent? Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1083-1094. [PMID: 38424738 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2320382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Background: Both alcohol consumption and mental well-being problems have been found to be prevalent in higher educated students and often have severe consequences. However, previous findings of the association between these constructs are mixed, possibly because often linear models are fitted, while some theories suggest a curvilinear association between the two concepts. Objectives: To clarify previously mixed findings, the current study compared curvilinear and linear models for the relationship between alcohol consumption and mental well-being in university students. Because of potential gender differences in this relationship, these models were explored for females and males separately. Data from the first cross-sectional online survey wave of the Healthy Student Life project including 2,631 female and 998 male students was used. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-consumption was used to measure alcohol consumption. Mental well-being was assessed by six sub-concepts (i.e., depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, happiness, and self-rated mental health). Results: For females both linear (for anxiety, life satisfaction, and self-rated mental health) and curvilinear (for depression, stress, and happiness) associations were found, while for males no support for either curvilinear or linear models was found. Conclusions: Results should be interpreted with caution due to the small effect sizes in the relationships for females but may suggest that testing the curvilinear association between alcohol consumption and mental well-being is an important future endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo van Beuningen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sterre S H Simons
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sabine A E Geurts
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline M Vink
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Alpers SE, Pallesen S, Vold JH, Haug E, Lunde LH, Skogen JC, Mamen A, Mæland S, Fadnes LT. The association between psychological distress and alcohol consumption and physical activity: a population-based cohort study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1181046. [PMID: 37426109 PMCID: PMC10323831 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic and infection control measures caused changes to daily life for most people. Heavy alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are two important behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its social distancing measures, home office policies, isolation, and quarantine requirements may have an impact on these factors. This three-wave longitudinal study aims to investigate if psychological distress and worries related to health and economy were associated with levels and changes in alcohol consumption and physical activity during the two first years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. Methods We used data collected in April 2020, January 2021, and January 2022 from an online longitudinal population-based survey. Alcohol consumption and physical activity status were assessed at all three measuring points via the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). COVID-19-related worries, home office/study, occupational situation, age, gender, children below 18 years living at home, and psychological distress (measured with the Symptom Checklist (SCL-10)) were included as independent variables in the model. A mixed model regression was used and presented with coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Analysis of data from 25,708 participants demonstrates that participants with substantial symptoms of psychological distress more often reported higher alcohol consumption (1.86 units/week, CI 1.48-2.24) and lower levels of physical activity [-1,043 Metabolic Equivalents of Task (METs) per week, CI -1,257;-828] at baseline. Working/studying from home (0.37 units/week, CI 0.24-0.50) and being male (1.57 units/week, CI 1.45-1.69) were associated with higher alcohol consumption. Working/studying from home (-536 METs/week, CI -609;-463), and being older than 70 years (-503 METs/week, CI -650;-355) were related to lower levels of physical activity. The differences in activity levels between those with the highest and lowest levels of psychological distress reduced over time (239 METs/week, CI 67;412), and similarly the differences in alcohol intake reduced over time among those having and not having children < 18 years (0.10 units/week, CI 0.01-0.19). Conclusion These findings highlight the substantial increases in risks related to inactivity and alcohol consumption among those with high levels of psychological distress symptoms, and particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and increase the understanding of factors associated with worries and health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Eiken Alpers
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Jørn Henrik Vold
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Linn-Heidi Lunde
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asgeir Mamen
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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de Almeida Cardoso AG, de Carvalho MV, de Almeida Silva MIA, Franco AM, Quaresma FRP, Da Silva Maciel E, Nascimento-Ferreira MV. Psychometric properties of the online Satisfaction with Life Scale in university students from a low-income region. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2023; 36:12. [PMID: 37195397 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-023-00254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in an online format in university students from a low-income region. METHODS This was a psychometric study, involving a study of reliability (n = 117) and validity (n = 195) in university students from a region with a Gini index of 0.56. The scale was applied at two time points with an interval of 2 weeks. This scale measures satisfaction with life based on five statements and responses ranging from 1 to 7 (strongly disagree to strongly agree). We conducted the reliability assessment using temporal stability and internal consistency and construct validity assessment by internal structure solution. RESULTS All SWLS items showed acceptable (rho > 0.30) and significant (p < 0.05) temporal stability and acceptable internal consistency (alpha > 0.70). In construct validity (internal structure), we identified a factor with an explained variance of 59.0% in the exploratory factor analysis. Additionally, in the confirmatory factor analysis, we identified a one-factor structure solution for SWLS with an acceptable model fitting (chi-square/degrees of freedom [X2/df] = 6.53; Tucker-Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.991; Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = 0.996; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.040; standardized root mean-squared residual [SRMR] = 0.026). CONCLUSION The Satisfaction with Life Scale, in the online format, is a reliable and valid tool for university students in a low-income context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gibran de Almeida Cardoso
- Health, Physical Activity and Behavior Research (HEALTHY-BRA) Group, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Miracema Do Tocantins, Brazil
- Instituto de Ensino Superior Do Sul Do Maranhão (IESMA/UNISULMA), Imperatriz, Brazil
| | - Millena Vaz de Carvalho
- Health, Physical Activity and Behavior Research (HEALTHY-BRA) Group, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Miracema Do Tocantins, Brazil
- Instituto de Ensino Superior Do Sul Do Maranhão (IESMA/UNISULMA), Imperatriz, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabela Alves de Almeida Silva
- Health, Physical Activity and Behavior Research (HEALTHY-BRA) Group, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Miracema Do Tocantins, Brazil
- Instituto de Ensino Superior Do Sul Do Maranhão (IESMA/UNISULMA), Imperatriz, Brazil
| | - Alaiana Marinho Franco
- Health, Physical Activity and Behavior Research (HEALTHY-BRA) Group, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Miracema Do Tocantins, Brazil
- Instituto de Ensino Superior Do Sul Do Maranhão (IESMA/UNISULMA), Imperatriz, Brazil
| | | | - Erika Da Silva Maciel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ensino Em Ciências E Saúde (PPGECS/UFT), Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Nascimento-Ferreira
- Health, Physical Activity and Behavior Research (HEALTHY-BRA) Group, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Miracema Do Tocantins, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ensino Em Ciências E Saúde (PPGECS/UFT), Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil.
- Child Cardiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, YouthSão Paulo, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal Do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Miracema, Avenida Lourdes Solino S/N°, Setor Universitário, Miracema Do Tocantins, Tocantins, 77650000, Brazil.
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Danehorn E, Oscarsson M, Smirthwaite G, Peterson U, Swahnberg K. Swedish exchange students’ alcohol use, drug use, risky sexual behaviour, mental health, and self-rated health: A follow-up study. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2023; 40:287-300. [DOI: 10.1177/14550725231160331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: To follow up on exchange students’ alcohol use, drug use, mental health, self-rated health, and risky sexual behaviour after a semester abroad and to compare them with students who remained on campus. Methods: The study design was a follow-up study based on a previous baseline survey of 114 prospective exchange students and 451 campus students. Of the original 565 students, 48 (42.1%) prospective exchange students and 209 (43.3%) campus students responded to the follow-up. Both the baseline survey and the follow-up survey included the General Health Questionnaire 12, one single item from Self-Rated Health, and nine items from Knowledge, Attitudes and Sexual Behaviour in Young People in Sweden. Results: We found a statistically significant increase in the weekly consumption of alcohol among exchange students after their semester abroad. A larger proportion of exchange students had sex with a new partner and sex with more than three partners during their semester abroad compared to follow-up campus students. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that exchange students consume alcohol more frequently during their semester abroad and indulge in sexually risky behaviour. Exchange students’ use of alcohol and sexually risky behaviour could be associated with even greater risks due to them being in an unknown environment, unfamiliar culture, and with limited support from family and friends. This highlights the need for further research on exchange students’ experiences, especially concerning alcohol use and sex while abroad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Danehorn
- Department of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Marie Oscarsson
- Department of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | | | - Ulla Peterson
- Department of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Katarina Swahnberg
- Department of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
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6
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Zhang X, Zhang N, Yang Y, Wang S, Yu P, Guan BY, Wang CX. Living alone and health-related quality of life among adults with obstructive sleep apnea in a single-center cohort study. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:221-227. [PMID: 35352266 PMCID: PMC8964248 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of a solitary lifestyle on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS This was a prospective cohort study; patients diagnosed with OSA but not receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy were enrolled in our study. These participants completed basic information and the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) at baseline and were divided into the living alone and living with others groups. Telephone follow-up was performed 1 year later to re-evaluate the SF-36. Differences in health status between and within groups were assessed. In addition, variables associated with changes in the health of the whole population were examined. RESULTS A total of 402 patients with OSA were enrolled, including 120 in the living alone group and the rest in the living with others group. After a year, mental health scores of the living alone group decreased (55.7 ± 21.5 versus 54.1 ± 22.7, p = 0.001), while physical functioning scores of the living with others group increased significantly (82.1 ± 24.7 versus 82.6 ± 24.2, p = 0.006). In the whole population, the determinants of mental health change after 1 year from baseline were alcohol drinking (beta coefficient - 1.169, 95% CI - 2.03 to - 0.309, p = 0.008) and solitary living (beta coefficient - 1.135, 95% CI - 2.072 to - 0.199, p = 0.018). CONCLUSION Regarding all initial variables, alcohol drinking and solitary living seem to be the predictors of mental health change of patients with OSA in China. We speculate that to improve the quality of life of such people, the medical staff could provide certain social support for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Yuan Guan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Xue Wang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry & Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
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Family functioning and life satisfaction among female university students during COVID-19 outbreak: the mediating role of hope and resilience. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:493. [PMID: 36471359 PMCID: PMC9720958 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature review has showed that family functioning is positively associated with satisfaction with life. However, the internal mechanisms of this relationship are still unclear, especially during the COVID-19. This study examined the mediating role of hope and resilience in the association between family functioning and life satisfaction of female university students in COVID-19 pandemics. METHODS A cross-sectional online study was done throughout the fifth wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Iran. A total of 480 female students were recruited from Lorestan University. Data was collected by the State Hope Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Family APGAR Index, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Data analysis were based on structural equation modeling. RESULTS Family functioning exerted a significant direct effect on hope, on resilience and on life satisfaction. Also, according to the findings, hope and resilience pose a significant mediating effect in the association between family functioning and life satisfaction. CONCLUSION This study provides a better perspective regarding the protective role of hope, family functioning, and resilience on life satisfaction among female university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Training of such skills is needed to increase life satisfaction in female university students.
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8
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The Relationship between Alcohol Drinking Indicators and Self-Rated Mental Health (SRMH): Standardized European Alcohol Survey (SEAS). Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10071260. [PMID: 35885787 PMCID: PMC9317716 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that the self-perception of mental health is an important predictor of health outcomes and wellbeing, it is important to identify the indicators of mental health associated with alcohol consumption in order to reduce alcohol-related harms. This study used data from the cross-sectional RARHA SEAS survey (2015) in the Croatian general population, aged 18-64 years (n = 1500). Several aspects of drinking behaviors and alcohol-related harms were measured, as well as personal and sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression found a significant association between alcohol's harm to others (AHTO) and poor self-rated mental health (SRMH) (OR = 0.752; 95% CI 0.601-0.941) in the total sample, as well as in the group of participants who rarely drank alcohol (OR = 0.504; 95% CI 0.322-0.787) in the last 12 months. More frequent consumers reported poor SRMH if they had at least one harmful effect from drinking (OR 0.538; 95% CI 0.295-0.980). Younger age, higher education, professional activity, and living with someone else in a household contributed to better SRMH. AHTO has been identified as a strong predictor of poor SRMH in the general population. Targeted public health and preventive measures are needed with specific approaches for different types of alcohol consumers.
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Hammond NG, Sivertsen B, Skogen JC, Øverland S, Colman I. The gendered relationship between illicit substance use and self-harm in university students. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:709-720. [PMID: 35034147 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate associations between multiple forms of substance use with self-harming thoughts and behaviours, and to test whether gender is an effect modifier of these associations, both independently and along with perceived risk of cannabis use. METHODS Data were drawn from the 2018 Norwegian Students' Health and Wellbeing Study (SHoT 2018). A national sample of n = 50,054 full-time Norwegian students (18-35 years) pursuing higher education completed a cross-sectional student health survey, including questions on past-year self-harm: non-suicidal thoughts of self-harm, non-suicidal self-harm, suicidal thoughts, and suicide attempt. Students reported their frequency of past-year alcohol use (range: never to ≥ 4 times/ week), illicit substance consumption, and perceived risk of cannabis use. The AUDIT and CAST screening tools measured problematic alcohol and cannabis consumption, respectively. We used logistic regression modelling adjusted for age, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and financial hardship (analytic sample range: n = 48,263 to n = 48,866). RESULTS The most frequent alcohol consumption category (≥ 4 times/ week) was nearly always associated with more than a two-fold increased likelihood of self-harm. Less frequent alcohol consumption was associated with reduced odds of suicidal thoughts [monthly or less: OR = 0.87 (95% CI: 0.75-1.00), 2-4 times/month: OR = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.69-0.91), and 2-3 times/ week: OR = 0.83 (95% CI: 0.71-0.98)]. Problematic alcohol consumption was associated with most outcomes: odds ranging from 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.18) for suicidal thoughts to 1.33 (95% CI: 1.00-1.77) for suicide attempt. There was evidence of multiple illicit substance by gender interactions: consumption of all but one illicit substance category (other drug use) was associated with all four forms of self-harm for women, but findings among men were less clear. Among men, only one illicit substance category (stimulant) was associated with most forms of self-harm. Women, but not men, who perceived cannabis use as a health risk were more likely to experience non-suicidal thoughts as cannabis consumption increased, and with harmful consumption patterns. CONCLUSION Frequent alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of self-harm and suicidality for young women and men. Associations between illicit substance use and self-harm and suicidality appear stronger in women compared to men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G Hammond
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Cr, Room 308C, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Research and Innovation, Helse-Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Simon Øverland
- Centre for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Cr, Room 308C, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada. .,Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
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10
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Gavurova B, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M. Alcohol Use Disorders among Slovak and Czech University Students: A Closer Look at Tobacco Use, Cannabis Use and Socio-Demographic Characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11565. [PMID: 34770080 PMCID: PMC8582865 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of the research was to examine the associations between problematic alcohol use, tobacco use and cannabis use among Czech and Slovak university students during the early COVID-19 pandemic. The research sample consisted of 1422 participants from the Czech Republic (CZ) and 1677 from the Slovak Republic (SK). The analyses included university students who drank alcohol in the past year (CZ: 1323 (93%); SK: 1526 (91%)). Regarding the analysed measures, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and its subscales, the Glover-Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire (GN-SBQ) and the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) were selected to identify substance-related behaviour. Age, gender and residence were included in the analyses as socio-demographic variables. Correlation and regression analyses were used to achieve the main objective of the research. The main results revealed that the use of tobacco and cannabis were positively associated with alcohol use disorders among Czech and Slovak university students. Additionally, males were more likely to report alcohol use disorders. In the Czech Republic, it was found that students living in dormitories were characterized by a lower AUDIT score. The opposite situation was found in the Slovak Republic. Czech and Slovak policy-makers are encouraged to develop alcohol use prevention programs for university students in line with these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gavurova
- Center for Applied Economic Research, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Mostní 5139, 760 00 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Viera Ivankova
- Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Martin Rigelsky
- Faculty of Management, University of Prešov in Prešov, Konštantínova 16, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia;
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López-Moreno M, Garcés-Rimón M, Miguel M, Iglesias López MT. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, Alcohol Consumption and Emotional Eating in Spanish University Students. Nutrients 2021; 13:3174. [PMID: 34579051 PMCID: PMC8466414 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: The university period may increase the risk of different unhealthy habits, such as low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, high alcohol consumption and eating in response to specific emotions. The aim of this study was to detect early-risk alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence (ADS), the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and emotional eating in university students of the Madrid community. (2) Methods: For each individual, anthropometric parameters, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), AUDIT-Consumption (AUDIT-C), the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and the Emotional Eater Questionnaire (EEQ) were assessed. (3) Results: A total of 584 university students aged 20.5 (sex ratio = 0.39) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. In total, 63.6% of students showed low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with no differences by sex (64.3% female versus 61.5% male, p = 0.19). According to the AUDIT questionnaire, 26.2% of participants were categorized as high-risk drinkers and 7.7% as ADS. About 38.6% of the students were categorized as eating very emotionally or eating emotionally, and 37.2% were categorized as low emotional eaters. A weak positive correlation was observed between the EEQ and BMI in female students (rho= 0.15, p = 0.03). (4) Conclusions: University students in our sample showed a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, an important high-risk alcohol consumption and low emotional eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (M.M.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Alimentaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Garcés-Rimón
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (M.M.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Alimentaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Miguel
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (M.M.)
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