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Sapin A, Vanier A, Descarpentry A, Maffre Maviel G, Vuillermoz C, Falissard B, Galera C, Warszawski J, Davisse-Paturet C, Hazo JB, Rouquette A. Parental mental health and reporting of their child's behaviour: measurement invariance of the French version of the parental strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:3263-3272. [PMID: 38402376 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Symptomatic effects of mental disorders in parents could bias their reporting on their child's mental health. This study aimed to investigate the measurement invariance of the French version of the parental Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) across parental mental health in a sample (N = 20,765) of parents of children aged 3 to 17 years in France. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling (ESEM) were used to evaluate the fit of three known alternative SDQ factor structures (five, three, or second-order factor structures). Invariance was tested across parental mental health (present anxiety and depressive symptoms, psychiatric history) and across socio-demographic characteristics (child's age, child's gender, parent's gender, parent's educational level). CFA models showed a poor fit, while all ESEM models achieved acceptable or good fit, with the five-factor model presenting the best fit. Invariance was observed for all characteristics tested, indicating that the SDQ can be used to study the links between parental mental health and their child's mental health without bias. However, ESEM showed that the hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems dimensions were not well differentiated in the French version of the SDQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Sapin
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, 94807, Villejuif, France.
| | - Antoine Vanier
- Health Technology Assessment Department, Haute Autorité de Santé, 93210, La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- UMR 1246 Sphere, Inserm, Nantes Université - Université de Tours, 44200, Nantes, France
| | | | - Gustave Maffre Maviel
- Research Team on Social Epidemiology (ERES), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Vuillermoz
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Bruno Falissard
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, 94807, Villejuif, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cédric Galera
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Université de Bordeaux, 33077, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Josiane Warszawski
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, 94807, Villejuif, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, APHP, Paris-Saclay University, 94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Hazo
- Statistics Direction of French Ministry of Health and Solidarity (DREES), Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Rouquette
- UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, 94807, Villejuif, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, APHP, Paris-Saclay University, 94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Battaglia AM, Vedelago L, Coelho SG, Baumgartner C, Schaub MP, Stewart SH, MacKillop J, Hodgins DC, Wardell JD, O'Connor RM, Kim HS, Keough MT. Psychometric Validation of the Gambling Craving Scale in a Treatment-Seeking Sample. J Gambl Stud 2024; 40:1761-1778. [PMID: 38700740 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-024-10306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The Gambling Craving Scale (GACS) is a multifaceted measure of gambling craving. Initial validation work by Young and Wohl (2009) in university student samples showed that the GACS had a three-factor structure capturing dimensions of Desire, Anticipation, and Relief. Despite its potential clinical utility as a measure of craving, the GACS has yet to be validated in people seeking treatment for gambling problems. Accordingly, we examined the psychometric properties in a sample of people (N = 209; Mage = 37.66; 62.2% female) participating in a randomized controlled trial testing a novel online treatment for problem gambling. We predicted the GACS would have a three-factor structure. In addition, we also examined measurement invariance across sex and problem gambling risk status. Finally, we assessed concurrent validity of the factors with other measures of problem gambling severity and involvement. Exploratory structural equation modeling findings supported a three-factor structure that was invariant across the groups tested. Each of the Desire, Anticipation, and Relief subscales were significant positive predictors of problem gambling severity and symptoms, and some form of gambling behaviour. Findings show the GACS is a promising scale to assess multidimensional craving experiences among people in treatment for gambling problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Battaglia
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P1, Canada.
| | - Lana Vedelago
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P1, Canada
| | - Sophie G Coelho
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P1, Canada
| | - Christian Baumgartner
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, associated to University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael P Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, associated to University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sherry H Stewart
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology & Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University and St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - David C Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Wardell
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P1, Canada
- Insitute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roisin M O'Connor
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hyoun S Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew T Keough
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P1, Canada
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Helland SS, Vira EG, Kjøbli J, Røysamb E, Nes RB, Kaasbøll J, Baardstu S. What Emotion Regulation Strategies are Associated with a General Psychopathology Factor (p) in Adolescence? Identifying Possible Transdiagnostic Targets for Intervention. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024:10.1007/s10802-024-01239-0. [PMID: 39196309 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-024-01239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Mental health problems in adolescence are increasing and there is an urgent call for transdiagnostic interventions, as most adolescents experience problems across multiple domains. Research has identified a general psychopathology factor (p) capturing the shared variance across mental health problems. In parallel, there is empirical support for the transdiagnostic nature of emotion regulation. In the current study, we explore the associations between p and emotion regulation strategies to identify which strategies may be promising targets for intervention. Data from the population-based Youth and Mental Health Study (YAMHS) (N = 2,464, mean age 13.7 years, SD 0.6) was used. The fit of different structural models of emotion regulation and psychopathology were compared, and latent factors from the final models were included in multiple regression analyses to explore the associations between p and emotion regulation strategies. A bifactor exploratory structural equation model (B-ESEM) showed best fit for modelling p. For emotion regulation strategies, an ESEM model showed best fit, including Rumination, Reactive Impulsivity, Distraction, Non-Acceptance, Problem Solving, Social Support, and Proactive Behavior. Results showed that a higher score on p was predicted by higher scores on the emotion regulation strategies Rumination (β = .38, p < .001) and Reactive Impulsivity (β = .35, p < .001), and lower scores on Problem Solving (β = -.15, p < .001). The results indicate that Rumination and Reactive Impulsivity have the strongest associations with p and may be promising targets for mental health interventions for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Gabriela Vira
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - John Kjøbli
- Regional Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Røysamb
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Bang Nes
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jannike Kaasbøll
- Department of Mental Health, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU Central Norway), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Silje Baardstu
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Tan WY, Chen JN, Lu SH, Liu CQ, Luo Q, Ma Y, Zhou Y, Wong TKS, Chen HF, Song LQ, Miao CY, Chen JW, Smith GD. Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Academic Resilience Scale-30 (C-ARS-30) in college students. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1276618. [PMID: 39171240 PMCID: PMC11335623 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1276618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Amidst the expansion of student enrollment in higher education, the well-being and retention rates of students have emerged as important concerns. Resilience, especially academic resilience, a multidimensional construct that can lead to academic success in adversity, is pivotal in enabling students to successfully cope with academic challenges. While the Academic Resilience Scale-30 (ARS-30) has been validated as an effective instrument in various languages, its applicability for Chinese students in higher education remains unexplored. Objective This study aims to translate and validate the ARS-30 in Chinese, assessing its reliability and validity among Chinese college students in higher education. Methods A convenience sample of 1,542 students participated in this study. The inventory included the demographic form, Chinese version of ARS-30 (C-ARS-30), 10-item Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). The assessment of validity was conducted by analyzing content validity, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validity, as well as criterion-related validity. Construct validity was evaluated through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM). Reliability analysis was performed using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability. Results The C-ARS-30 demonstrated commendable content validity, with the CVI value of items ranging from 0.833 to 1.000, and a total scale CVI of 0.986. ESEM analysis revealed a solid four-factor structure, maintaining the scale's 30 items with excellent fit indices (χ2/df = 2.647, CFI = 0.937, TLI = 0.915, RMSEA = 0.057, SRMR = 0.027). The total score of C-ARS-30 exhibited positive correlations with the CD-RISC-10 (r = 0.542) and the GSES (r = 0.488). The scale demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.930) and test-retest reliability (0.794, p < 0.01). Conclusion The C-ARS-30 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing academic resilience among Chinese college students, offering a valuable tool for educational and psychological evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-ying Tan
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-ni Chen
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sui-hua Lu
- School of Guangzhou Health Science College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-qin Liu
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Luo
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Ma
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Thomas K. S. Wong
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-fang Chen
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-qin Song
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chu-yuan Miao
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-wen Chen
- School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Graeme D. Smith
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Başkale H, Sert HP. Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the eating in the absence of hunger in children and adolescents (EAH-C). J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 77:117-124. [PMID: 38518687 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Eating in the absence of hunger is a risk factor for excessive energy intake and predisposes children to overweight/obesity. The purpose of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the "Eating in the Absence of Hunger Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (EAH-C)" in Türkiye. METHODS This study was conducted in a total of six schools, with children 8-18 years old between September and December 2022. Factor analysis, item-total score analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used for the validity and reliability. RESULTS The calculated KMO statistic was >0.60, and the Bartlett's test statistic was <0.05. The three subscales accounted for 65.22% of the total variance. Factor loads ranged from 0.41 to 0.84. The value obtained by dividing χ2 by the number of degrees of freedom was <5; the RMSEA was <0.10; the RMR was <0.08; and the TLI, GFI, AGFI, and CFI were >0.90. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.91 for the total scale. CONCLUSIONS Our study has confirmed that the Turkish-language version of the EAH-C is a valid and reliable tool. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS In the effort of prevention of childhood obesity, identifying eating behaviors in the absence of hunger in children and adolescents will benefit policymakers to develop intervention and prevention programs, in addition to providing guidance to pediatric nurses, all healthcare professionals, researchers, children, and parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Başkale
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Health Scıences, Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Hilal Parlak Sert
- Pamukkale University, Denizli Healthcare Vocational School, Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey.
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Jovanović V, Lazić M, Gavrilov-Jerković V, Obradović V, Šakan D, Tomašević A, Zotović-Kostić M. Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV: An Examination of Structural Validity, Gender Invariance, and Relationships with Mental Health and Basic Psychological Needs Among Adolescents. J Pers Assess 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38924485 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2367546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The present research evaluated evidence for structural and convergent validity and measurement invariance across gender of the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV (AIQ-IV), which is designed to measure four identity orientations: Personal, Relational, Public, and Collective. We recruited two independent samples of Serbian adolescents aged 15-19 years (n1 = 436, n2 = 452). Both exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were applied to examine the factor structure of the AIQ-IV. The ESEM model with four factors demonstrated a superior fit to the data in both samples and resulted in well-defined factors and deflated latent factor correlations compared to the CFA model. Multiple-group analysis supported the scalar invariance of the four-factor ESEM model across gender. The evidence for the convergent validity of the ESEM AIQ-IV factors was supported by meaningful correlations with various mental health indicators (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, internalizing behaviors, and externalizing behaviors) and basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness, and competence) satisfaction and frustration. Our findings support the use of AIQ-IV as a multidimensional measure of identity orientations among adolescents and confirm the usefulness of applying the ESEM framework to evaluate the validity aspects of this scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veljko Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milica Lazić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Vojana Obradović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dušana Šakan
- Faculty of Law and Business Studies dr Lazar Vrkatić, Union University, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Tomašević
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija Zotović-Kostić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Bollen KA, Gates KM, Luo L. A Model Implied Instrumental Variable Approach to Exploratory Factor Analysis (MIIV-EFA). PSYCHOMETRIKA 2024; 89:687-716. [PMID: 38532229 DOI: 10.1007/s11336-024-09949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Spearman (Am J Psychol 15(1):201-293, 1904. https://doi.org/10.2307/1412107 ) marks the birth of factor analysis. Many articles and books have extended his landmark paper in permitting multiple factors and determining the number of factors, developing ideas about simple structure and factor rotation, and distinguishing between confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis (CFA and EFA). We propose a new model implied instrumental variable (MIIV) approach to EFA that allows intercepts for the measurement equations, correlated common factors, correlated errors, standard errors of factor loadings and measurement intercepts, overidentification tests of equations, and a procedure for determining the number of factors. We also permit simpler structures by removing nonsignificant loadings. Simulations of factor analysis models with and without cross-loadings demonstrate the impressive performance of the MIIV-EFA procedure in recovering the correct number of factors and in recovering the primary and secondary loadings. For example, in nearly all replications MIIV-EFA finds the correct number of factors when N is 100 or more. Even the primary and secondary loadings of the most complex models were recovered when the sample sizes were at least 500. We discuss limitations and future research areas. Two appendices describe alternative MIIV-EFA algorithms and the sensitivity of the algorithm to cross-loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Bollen
- Thurstone Psychometric Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA.
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA.
| | - Kathleen M Gates
- Thurstone Psychometric Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
| | - Lan Luo
- Thurstone Psychometric Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3270, USA
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Gaume J, Carrard V, Berney S, Bourquin C, Berney A. Substance use and its association with mental health among Swiss medical students: A cross-sectional study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:808-817. [PMID: 38420921 PMCID: PMC11144353 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241232321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on mental health and substance use among medical students indicated worrying prevalence but have been mainly descriptive. AIM To evaluate the prevalence of substance use in a sample of medical students and investigate whether mental health variables have an influence on substance use. METHODS The data were collected as part of the first wave of the ETMED-L, an ongoing longitudinal open cohort study surveying medical students at the University of Lausanne (Switzerland). N = 886 students were included and completed an online survey including measures of mental health (depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, stress, and burnout) and use of and risk related with several substances (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, stimulants, sedatives, hallucinogens, opioids, nonmedical prescription drugs, and neuroenhancement drugs). We evaluated the prevalence of use of each substance and then tested the association between mental health and substance use in an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling framework. RESULTS Statistical indices indicated a four-factor solution for mental health and a three-factor solution for substance use. A factor comprising risk level for alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use - which were the most prevalent substances - was significantly associated with a burnout factor and a factor related to financial situation and side job stress. There was a significant association between a factor comprising depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation and a factor related to the use of sedatives, nonmedical prescription drugs and neuroenhancement drugs. Although their use was less prevalent, a factor comprising the risk level of stimulants and cocaine use was significantly but more mildly related to the burnout factor. A factor comprising stress related to studies and work/life balance as well as emotional exhaustion was not related to substance use factors. CONCLUSION In this sample of medical students, the prevalence of substance use was substantial and poorer mental health status was related with higher substance use risk levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Gaume
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Carrard
- Psychiatric Liaison Service, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Berney
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Bourquin
- Psychiatric Liaison Service, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Berney
- Psychiatric Liaison Service, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Kraehenbuehl L, Kang D, Bang AS, Ketosugbo KF, Hay J, Patil S, Goldfarb S, Cho J, Lacouture ME. Validation and responsiveness of the English version of the Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Distress Scale (CADS) in breast cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:369. [PMID: 38773008 PMCID: PMC11108899 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08564-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to validate the Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Distress Scale (CADS) in a diverse English-speaking population and patients with endocrine treatment-induced alopecia (EIA). OBJECTIVE Chemotherapy and endocrine therapy commonly cause alopecia in breast cancer patients, leading to significant psychological and social challenges. The CADS was developed to assess the psychosocial impact of alopecia, but its generalizability beyond Korean patients requires further investigation. METHODS Data from the CHANCE study (NCT02530177), which focused on non-metastatic breast cancer, was used. The cohort included 256 patients, and CADS data were collected at baseline, 6 months after chemotherapy completion, or 12 months after initiating endocrine therapy. The CADS questionnaire comprised 17 items covering physical and emotional health, daily activities, and relationships. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and responsiveness was measured by effect size. RESULTS The CADS exhibited good reliability, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.91 for the overall score, indicating acceptable internal consistency in both chemotherapy (0.89) and endocrine therapy (0.86) groups. Longitudinal responsiveness was supported by an effect size of 0.49 between decreasing satisfaction with hair growth and increasing emotional distress. Cross-sectional validity was confirmed, with effect sizes of 0.91 and 0.92 for satisfaction with hair growth and emotional and activity domains, respectively. CONCLUSION The CADS is a valid and responsive tool for assessing the psychosocial impact of chemotherapy-induced alopecia and endocrine treatment-induced alopecia in a diverse Western patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kraehenbuehl
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), University of Zurich (UZH), Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Pharmacology and Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - D Kang
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - A S Bang
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - K F Ketosugbo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Hay
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sujata Patil
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S Goldfarb
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Cho
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - M E Lacouture
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, NYU Langone Hospital - Long Island, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA
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Torres-Marín J, Navarro-Carrillo G, Bustos-Ortega M, Heintz S, Carretero-Dios H. Competitive Latent Structures for the Comic Style Markers: Developing a Psychometrically Sound Short Version Using Spanish and US American Samples. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:407-420. [PMID: 37943627 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2274533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The Comic Style Markers (CSM) is a questionnaire that allows a fine-grained description of how people differ in the way they display humor in their daily lives. It includes 48 statements capturing eight interrelated, yet distinct comic styles: fun, irony, wit, sarcasm, benevolent humor, satire, nonsense humor, and cynicism. Despite the independent conceptual roots of these humorous domains, the analysis of the CSM scales' latent structure shows that their empirical distinction needs to be improved. Using the information derived from a competitive latent approach, including confirmatory factor analysis, bifactor analysis, and exploratory structural equation modeling, we proposed and validated a shorter 24-item version of the CSM in a large sample of 925 Spanish individuals (SP-CSM-24). This scale-refinement improved the psychometric differentiation of the eight comic styles without undermining the good internal consistency and the temporal stability of the CSM scores. Strong invariance was held for gender and age groups, and partial scalar invariance for countries also emerged using a sample of 318 U.S. American adults. Structural equation modeling also corroborated a convincing test-criterion validity for the SP-CSM-24, with dispositional expressions of benevolent humor (positively) and cynicism (negatively) outperforming other comic styles in accounting for individuals' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Torres-Marín
- Department of Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mariela Bustos-Ortega
- Department of Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sonja Heintz
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Carretero-Dios
- Department of Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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11
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Yang F, Su Q, Ran Q, Hu Y. Longitudinal change of intrinsic capacity and associated factors in older Chinese adults: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100214. [PMID: 38489991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although intrinsic capacity (IC) has been constructed in older populations, whether IC retains the same structure over time has not been formally examined, nor have the factors associated with the changes in IC over time been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to establish that the structure of IC remains unchanged over time by testing its longitudinal measurement invariance and to investigate factors that influence the longitudinal change of IC over time. METHODS Data came from 7,271 participants aged 60 and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011 (Wave 1) and 2015 (Wave 3). Bifactor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to construct IC with its domains, and the longitudinal measurement invariance of IC between Waves was tested. RESULTS Bifactor CFA fitted the data well at both Waves and showed good construct validity. Partial scalar invariance was supported with non-invariant intercepts for delayed word recall, math, and close vision. Decreases in IC were associated with increasing age, being female (-0.030, 95% CI: -0.045, -0.016), living in rural areas (-0.019, 95% CI: -0.030, -0.009), BMI < 18.5 (-0.019, 95% CI: -0.035, -0.003), and hypertension (-0.012, 95% CI: -0.022, -0.001). Increases in IC were associated with higher education (primary school: 0.012, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.024; lower secondary school: 0.023, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.041) and drinking ≥4/week (0.019, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.034). Stratifying the sample by gender, the protective effect of education was observed only in women. CONCLUSIONS The bifactor structure of the IC construct was valid and retained its meaning over time. Longitudinal changes in IC were associated with various sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and health conditions, confirming the need to monitor IC for timely intervention, particularly in those with risk factors for IC decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qin Su
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qin Ran
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yaoyue Hu
- College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
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Costa PJC, Moreira PAS. The Dimensionality of the Moral Foundations: Contributions from the Moral Foundations Sacredness Scale in Four Societies. J Pers Assess 2024; 106:361-371. [PMID: 37594306 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2245895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Moral Foundations Theory proposes that five innate modules offer an intuitive response that drives our moral judgments. Various instruments were developed to measure the five moral foundations, including the MFV and the MFQ-30 which focus on deliberative moral reasoning. This approach is limited because intuitions are more basic and affect-laden. The Moral Foundations Sacredness Scale (MFSS) was designed to elicit responses that more closely resemble these phenomena. However, studies have not converged on a factorial structure for the MFSS, and measurement invariance has never been assessed. Our study sought to evaluate these properties across four adult samples, via Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling, and the associations between the MFSS's scales and relevant constructs. We found that a two-factor solution, reflecting the individualizing and binding foundations, had a reasonable fit, and had invariance (configural, metric, and scalar) across gender, age groups, and (configural) four international samples. The scales were reliable, had construct validity with the MFQ-30, and criterion-related validity with the binding moderately predicting belief in God/spirit and religious behaviors. The convergence we found regarding the MFSS's factorial structure across groups has important implications for the dimensionality of these constructs, and - ultimately - for the development of Moral Foundations Theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J C Costa
- Centro de Investigação em Psicologia para o Desenvolvimento (CIPD), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade Lusíada, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo A S Moreira
- Centro de Investigação em Psicologia para o Desenvolvimento (CIPD), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Educativa (CIIE), FPCE, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Okorn A, van Hooff MLM, Cillessen AHN, Beijers R. Maternal Postpartum Work Resumption Stress: Questionnaire Development and Validation. Assessment 2024:10731911241246607. [PMID: 38676566 DOI: 10.1177/10731911241246607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Transitioning back to work after maternity leave is increasingly common. While differences exist, for many mothers this transition represents a stressor. This study aimed to define the construct of maternal postpartum work resumption stress and develop and validate a self-report measure in a low-risk sample of Dutch mothers. First, the item pool (N = 71) and face and content validity of the questionnaire were established. Next, two independent samples of mothers returning to work (N = 298, N = 291) were recruited to identify factor structure, reduce the number of items, and assess the dimensionality, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the questionnaire. Based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the reliable and valid REturn to Work INventory (REWINd) with 30 items across three factors was established. While further validation is needed, REWINd can be used to further study the nature and consequences of maternal postpartum work resumption stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Okorn
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Roseriet Beijers
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Eren A. When the Confounding Effect of Optimism Meets the Collider Effect of Motivation: Prospective teachers' Moral Motives and Moral Stances. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 158:554-587. [PMID: 38546740 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2024.2331548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies clearly indicate the importance of exploring factors that influence teachers'/prospective teachers' moral stances on teaching-related ethical concerns. However, none of these studies have specifically examined the moral motives of teachers/prospective teachers based on the activation of their moral regulation systems in personal, interpersonal, and social settings, while considering both the collider effect of motivation strength and the confounding effect of dispositional optimism. Such an investigation could provide deeper insights into teachers' moral stances regarding critical incidents that give rise to ethical concerns within educational environments, particularly during the initial stages of their teaching careers (i.e., teacher education). Therefore, in the current study, prospective teachers' moral motives were examined as predictors of their perceptions regarding unethical teacher behaviors, considering the collider effect of motivation strength and the confounding effect of dispositional optimism. 701 prospective teachers participated in the study. Comprehensive analyses, including preliminary exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and a main analysis (i.e., set-ESEM), were implemented to investigate the relationships between the research variables thoroughly. The results revealed that the moral motives of 'self-restraint' and 'not harming' had a significant negative effect on the moral stances of prospective teachers regarding the adoption of unethical teacher behaviors. In contrast, the 'social order' moral motive had a significant positive effect on their moral stances toward adopting unethical teacher behaviors. In particular, these effects were not due to the collider effect of motivation strength or the confounding effect of dispositional optimism. Theoretical and practical implications were also discussed in the study.
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Asgarizadeh A, Ghanbari S. Iranian adaptation of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ): Validity, reliability, discriminant ability, and sex invariance. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3455. [PMID: 38451001 PMCID: PMC10918607 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epistemic trust, or trust in transmitted knowledge, has been proposed as a critical factor in psychopathology and psychotherapy. This study aimed at evaluating the psychometric properties of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ) in Iran. METHOD Data were collected from 906 participants. Along with the ETMCQ, measures of mentalizing, mindfulness, perspective-taking, attachment, emotion dysregulation, and borderline personality disorder were administered. Confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were used to determine factorial structure. RESULTS The ESEM model showed an acceptable fit and outperformed the confirmatory model. A 14-item version of the ETMCQ was retained after examining item performance. Our findings also established criterion-related validity for mistrust and credulity, an acceptable internal consistency for credulity, discriminant power for mistrust and credulity in detecting positive screens for borderline personality disorder, and measurement invariance across sexes. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for the cross-cultural applicability of the ETMCQ. Nonetheless, the validity of the trust and internal consistency of the mistrust subscale require particular attention in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Asgarizadeh
- Faculty of Education and PsychologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Saeed Ghanbari
- Faculty of Education and PsychologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
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16
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Iannattone S, Mignemi G, Pivetta E, Gatta M, Sica C, Cardi V, Canale N, Spoto A, Bottesi G. Are anxiety, depression, and stress distinguishable in Italian adolescents? an examination through the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299229. [PMID: 38412147 PMCID: PMC10898757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The adolescents' ability to discriminate between different negative emotional states is still under debate. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) serves as a useful tool to unravel this issue, yet the literature on its structural validity in young people is ambiguous. Therefore, this study aimed to expand knowledge on the emotional experience of youth by investigating the factor structure and psychometric properties of the DASS-21 in Italian adolescents. Six hundred fifty-five students (60.6% girls) aged 14-18 (M = 16.3 ± 1.29) completed an online survey containing the DASS-21 and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). To evaluate the factor structure of the DASS-21, several alternative models were tested, also adopting an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) procedure. Measurement invariance, reliability, validity, and latent means differences were addressed. The ESEM model with three correlated factors of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress yielded the best fit to the data, supporting a hierarchical structure of the DASS-21. In addition, this model was invariant across sex and age groups. The Anxiety scale predicted both positive and negative affect, while Depression predicted positive affect only. Finally, girls scored higher than boys on Anxiety and Depression, but no age differences emerged. Overall, our results indicate that anxiety, depression, and stress are distinguishable in Italian adolescents but, simultaneously, share an underlying condition of general distress, which may explain the comorbidity between internalizing problems. Such findings are discussed in terms of clinical and preventive implications for the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Iannattone
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mignemi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Pivetta
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Gatta
- Woman and Child's Health Department, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Sica
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Valentina Cardi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Natale Canale
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Spoto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Osin E, Boniwell I. Positive time use: a missing link between time perspective, time management, and well-being. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1087932. [PMID: 38469211 PMCID: PMC10927010 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1087932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The notion of satisfaction with the use of one's time has not been operationalized previously. Based on qualitative interviews, we propose a concept of positive time use comprised by four components: self-congruence of daily activities, balance between activities, efficient use of time, and a sense of mastery over one's time. Methods Using data from two UK adult samples (N = 173 and N = 357), we developed a new measure, Positive Time Use Inventory (PTUI), and investigated its structural and convergent validity. Results and discussion The associations of positive time use with balanced time perspective, affect balance, satisfaction with life, sense of coherence, and self-reported satisfaction with time use indicate convergent and discriminant validity of the new measure. Positive time use partially explained the associations of balanced time perspective with subjective well-being and fully mediated the effects of future time perspective and time management on subjective well-being. We propose positive time use as a new model of temporal well-being, which brings together the notions of work-life balance, time efficiency, and time mastery in a single comprehensive framework, helping to inform the time management coaching interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Osin
- LINP2, University of Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
- International Laboratory of Positive Psychology of Personality and Motivation, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilona Boniwell
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, United Kingdom
- Positran, Épone, France
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Marsh H, Alamer A. When and how to use set-exploratory structural equation modelling to test structural models: A tutorial using the R package lavaan. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38361388 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) is an alternative to the well-known method of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). ESEM is mainly used to assess the quality of measurement models of common factors but can be efficiently extended to test structural models. However, ESEM may not be the best option in some model specifications, especially when structural models are involved, because the full flexibility of ESEM could result in technical difficulties in model estimation. Thus, set-ESEM was developed to accommodate the balance between full-ESEM and CFA. In the present paper, we show examples where set-ESEM should be used rather than full-ESEM. Rather than relying on a simulation study, we provide two applied examples using real data that are included in the OSF repository. Additionally, we provide the code needed to run set-ESEM in the free R package lavaan to make the paper practical. Set-ESEM structural models outperform their CFA-based counterparts in terms of goodness of fit and realistic factor correlation, and hence path coefficients in the two empirical examples. In several instances, effects that were non-significant (i.e., attenuated) in the CFA-based structural model become larger and significant in the set-ESEM structural model, suggesting that set-ESEM models may generate more accurate model parameters and, hence, lower Type II error rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herb Marsh
- Institute of Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Abdullah Alamer
- Department of English, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
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Lofaro N, Irving LH, Ratliff KA. Defensiveness Toward IAT Feedback Predicts Willingness to Engage in Anti-Bias Behaviors. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024:1461672231219948. [PMID: 38179987 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231219948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
People who are more defensive about their feedback on the Race-Attitudes Implicit Association Test (IAT) are less willing to engage in anti-bias behaviors. Extending on this work, we statistically clarified defensiveness constructs to predict willingness to engage in anti-bias behaviors among people who received pro-White versus no-bias IAT feedback. We replicated the finding that U.S. Americans are generally defensive toward pro-White IAT feedback, and that more defensiveness predicts less willingness to engage in anti-bias behaviors. However, people who believed their pro-White IAT feedback was an inaccurate reflection of their "true attitudes" were more willing to engage in anti-bias behaviors compared with people who received no-bias IAT feedback. These results better illuminate the defensiveness construct suggesting that receiving self-threatening feedback about bias may motivate people's willingness to engage in anti-bias behaviors in different ways depending on how people respond to that feedback.
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Ochoa Pacheco P, Coello-Montecel D, Andrei DM. Validation of the Spanish version of the Neal, Griffin and Hart safety behavior scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2023; 29:1402-1415. [PMID: 36205518 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2131277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The safety behavior scale (SBS), developed by Neal, Griffin and Hart, is one of the most widely used conceptualizations in the field of occupational safety. Previous studies have evaluated the psychometric properties of this scale in different populations. However, few validation studies have been conducted in the Latin American context. To fill these gaps in the literature, this study aimed to assess the validity, reliability and measurement invariance of this instrument in the context of the Latin American mining industry. Methods. Data were collected from 398 workers from Ecuadorian mining companies. The questionnaire was translated into Spanish following a back-translation process. The latent factorial structure of the SBS was explored by estimating a series of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory equation modeling (ESEM) models. Results. The analyses showed that the two correlated first-order factor CFA representation was the most appropriate model for the data. Measurement invariance by age, type of contract and firm size was also confirmed. Conclusions. The SBS is a valid and reliable measure of safety behavior. In addition, this study determined the applicability of this instrument in the Latin American context, which enhances opportunities for future research in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ochoa Pacheco
- ESPAE Graduate School of Management, ESPOL Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Ecuador
| | - David Coello-Montecel
- ESPAE Graduate School of Management, ESPOL Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Ecuador
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Liu Y, Zhang J, Xue H, Chen M, Xie T, Wan C. Development and validation of the systemic lupus erythematous scale amongst the system of quality of life instruments for chronic diseases QLICD-SLE (V2.0). Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:128. [PMID: 38017437 PMCID: PMC10685541 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study is aimed to develop and validate a quality of life scale for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with Chinese cultural background, QLICD-SLE (V2.0). METHODS The QLICD-SLE (V2.0) was developed using a systematic approach that involved focus groups, nominal discussions, and pilot testing. A total of 428 SLE patients participated in the scale's assessment. Validity was examined through qualitative analysis, item domain correlation, multidimensional scaling, and factor analysis. Reliability was assessed using Pearson's correlation and Cronbach's alpha coefficients. To evaluate responsiveness, paired T-tests were conducted to compare pre- and post-treatment measurements with the standardised response mean (SRM) being calculated. RESULTS Correlation and factor analyses demonstrated strong construct validity. When using SF-36 as criteria, the correlation between various domains of QLICD-SLE and SF-36 ranged from 0.55 to 0.70. Test-retest correlation coefficients exceeded 0.71, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients for both measurements in each domain were greater than or equal to 0.75. T-test results showed that both the overall score and most facet scores within each domain showed statistically significant changes after treatment (P < 0.05), indicating reasonable responsiveness. CONCLUSION The QLICD-SLE (V2.0) appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the quality of life in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Liu
- School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Health Law and Policy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Honghong Xue
- Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- Community Health Service Center of Liaobu Town, Dongguan, 523418, China
| | - Tong Xie
- The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Chonghua Wan
- School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
- Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Key Laboratory for Quality of Life and Psychological Assessment and Intervention, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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Kraehenbuehl L, Kang D, Bang AS, Ketosugbo KF, Hay J, Patil S, Goldfarb S, Cho J, Lacouture ME. Validation and Responsiveness of the English version of the Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Distress Scale (CADS) in Breast Cancer Patients. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.05.23298093. [PMID: 37986836 PMCID: PMC10659502 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.05.23298093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to validate the chemotherapy-induced alopecia distress scale (CADS) in a diverse English-speaking population and patients with endocrine treatment- induced alopecia (EIA). Objective Chemotherapy and endocrine therapy commonly cause alopecia in breast cancer patients, leading to significant psychological and social challenges. The CADS was developed to assess the psychosocial impact of alopecia, but its generalizability beyond Korean patients requires further investigation. Methods Data from the CHANCE study ( NCT02530177 ), which focused on non-metastatic breast cancer, was used. The cohort included 256 patients, and CADS data were collected at baseline, six months after chemotherapy completion, or 12 months after initiating endocrine therapy. The CADS questionnaire comprised 17 items covering physical and emotional health, daily activities, and relationships. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and responsiveness was measured by effect size. Results The CADS exhibited good reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.91 for the overall score, indicating acceptable internal consistency in both chemotherapy (0.89) and endocrine therapy (0.86) groups. Longitudinal responsiveness was supported by an effect size of 0.49 between decreasing satisfaction with hair growth and increasing emotional distress. Cross-sectional validity was confirmed, with effect sizes of 0.91 and 0.92 for satisfaction with hair growth and emotional and activity domains, respectively. Conclusion The CADS is a valid and responsive tool for assessing the psychosocial impact of chemotherapy-induced alopecia and endocrine treatment-induced alopecia in a diverse Western patient population.
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Jovanović V, Lazić M. Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale: a Bifactor-ESEM approach in a youth sample (15-24 years). BMC Psychol 2023; 11:351. [PMID: 37872642 PMCID: PMC10594745 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale is a widely used scale designed to measure general attitudes toward vaccinations. However, evidence for the VAX's structural, convergent, and discriminant validity is still limited, especially in youth samples. METHODS The present study examined the psychometric multidimensionality and evidence of convergent and discriminant validity of the VAX using the bifactor-exploratory structural equation modeling approach (bifactor-ESEM). Using a sample of 803 Serbian adolescents and young adults (Mage = 18.23, SDage = 2.66, age range = 15-24 years, 59.2% female), we contrasted the original four-factor model of the VAX with alternative solutions (ESEM, bifactor-CFA, and bifactor-ESEM), and investigated associations between vaccination attitudes and a variety of external criteria. RESULTS The results supported the bifactor-ESEM solution with one general factor of vaccination attitudes and four specific factors (Mistrust of vaccine benefit, Worries about unforeseen future effects, Concerns about commercial profiteering, and Preference for natural immunity) as the best representation of the data. The general factor was well-defined, and three specific factors showed good validity and specificity after the general factor was taken into account. The results of convergent validity analyses showed that the general factor of vaccine attitudes and one specific factor (Mistrust of vaccine benefit) were good predictors of vaccine conspiracy beliefs, attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19, and trust in healthcare. The remaining three specific factors' contributions to external criteria were generally weak and nonsignificant. Evidence of the discriminant validity of the VAX scores was supported by weak positive associations of the general factor with medical fears and paranoid worry. CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicate that distinguishing general and specific components of vaccination attitudes offers a more nuanced assessment and understanding of vaccination attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veljko Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Đinđića 2, Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21 000, Serbia.
| | - Milica Lazić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Dr Zorana Đinđića 2, Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21 000, Serbia
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Robles-Mariños R, Alvarado GF, Maguiña JL, Bazo-Alvarez JC. The short-form of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS-12): Adaptation and validation of the Spanish version in young Peruvian students. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292459. [PMID: 37796833 PMCID: PMC10553310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyberchondria is defined as the increase in health-related anxiety or anguish associated with excessive or repeated online searches for health-related information. Our objective was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the CSS-12 scale for Peruvian Spanish speakers, to determine whether the Bifactor model works as well in our population as in previous studies' and to explore whether the Bifactor-ESEM is a more suitable model. METHODS We performed a cultural adaptation using the Delphi method and a validation study on medical students between 2018 and 2019. Reliability was evaluated by using Cronbach's alpha (α) and McDonald's omega (Ω) for internal consistency, and Pearson's r and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), for test-retest reliability. We evaluated construct validity by contrasting four measurement models for the CSS-12 and the convergent validity against health anxiety. RESULTS The Spanish CSS-12 showed excellent reliability (α = .93; Ω = .93; ICC = .93; r = .96). The Bifactor ESEM model showed the best fit, supporting a unidimensional measure of the general cyberchondria. This measure was positively associated with health anxiety (r = .51). CONCLUSIONS The Spanish CSS-12 provides a valid and reliable unidimensional measure of cyberchondria, which is distinguishable from the more general health anxiety. This can be applied to similar populations and future research. The Bifactor-ESEM model appears to offer a more accurate and realistic representation of the multifaceted nature of cyberchondria. We provide a free-to-use form of the Spanish CSS-12 as supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Germán F. Alvarado
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru
| | - Jorge L. Maguiña
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru
| | - Juan Carlos Bazo-Alvarez
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
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Pakenham KI, Landi G, Cattivelli R, Grandi S, Tossani E. Identification of psychological flexibility and inflexibility profiles during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:2225-2250. [PMID: 37192495 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wave and lockdown adversely affected the lives of people in diverse ways. AIMS This study used a person-centered approach to identify patterns of engagement in the 12 psychological flexibility (PF) and inflexibility (PI) processes to manage the first COVID-19 wave and lockdown hardships. MATERIALS & METHODS A total of 1035 Italian adults completed an online survey. RESULTS Latent profile analyses conducted on the 12 PI/PF processes measured by the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory identified five profiles; three reflected gradations of high to low PF with corresponding inverse levels of PI, while two represented more complex relationships between PI and PF. After controlling for relevant socio-demographic and COVID-19/lockdown factors, the five profiles differed in mental health (depression, anxiety, and COVID-19 distress). Essentially a gradient of progressive decreases in all PI processes (except experiential avoidance) corresponded with increments in mental health across all profiles. Two profiles, which evidenced the highest levels of mental health (highly flexible and moderately flexible profiles), also had the greatest proportion of the sample 56.42% (n = 584), and the highest levels of PF and experiential avoidance. DISCUSSION Findings from this and similar studies suggest intersecting complex relationships among the PI/PF processes that are likely to shift in response to changing contexts. We suggest this network of relationships is better represented by a three-dimensional PF/PI hexaflex than a simplistic two-dimensional depiction of the model. CONCLUSION Distinguishing different PF/PI profiles identified groups most at risk for the adverse mental health impacts of the pandemic and exposed variations in the mental health protective and risk roles of PF and PI processes, respectively, that can inform ACT-based mental health promotion interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth I Pakenham
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Giulia Landi
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Psychosomatics and Clinimetrics (head Prof. Silvana Grandi), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Roberto Cattivelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Psychosomatics and Clinimetrics (head Prof. Silvana Grandi), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Silvana Grandi
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Psychosomatics and Clinimetrics (head Prof. Silvana Grandi), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Eliana Tossani
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Psychosomatics and Clinimetrics (head Prof. Silvana Grandi), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
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Chau T, Tiego J, Brown L, Coghill D, Jobson L, Montgomery A, Murrup-Stewart C, Sciberras E, Silk TJ, Spencer-Smith M, Stefanac N, Sullivan DP, Bellgrove MA. Against the use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 2-15 years. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2023; 57:1343-1358. [PMID: 36974891 PMCID: PMC10517593 DOI: 10.1177/00048674231161504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire is a widely used screening tool for emotional and behavioural problems in children. Recent quantitative analyses have raised concerns regarding its structural validity in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. This paper aims to extend upon existing findings by analysing the factor structure of both the parent- and teacher-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in this population across a broader age range than in previous studies. METHODS Participants were the caregivers and teachers of 1624 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children (820 male, 804 female) aged 2-15 years from Waves 2-11 of the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children. The majority of children were Aboriginal living in major cities and inner regional areas. Internal consistency was estimated with McDonald's Omega. Exploratory structural equation modelling was conducted to investigate the factor structure of the parent-reported and teacher-reported versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS Responses from teachers demonstrated higher internal consistency than responses from parents, which was unacceptably low across most age groups. The purported five-factor structure of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire failed to be replicated across both parent- and teacher-reported questionnaires. The results of bifactor and hierarchical exploratory structural equation models also failed to approximate the higher-order summary scales. These results indicate that the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire subscales and summary scores do not provide a valid index of emotional and behavioural problems in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. CONCLUSION The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire should not be used with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Chau
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeggan Tiego
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise Brown
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Coghill
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Jobson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alicia Montgomery
- Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cammi Murrup-Stewart
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Sciberras
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim J Silk
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan Spencer-Smith
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole Stefanac
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel P Sullivan
- Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark A Bellgrove
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Fang S, Ding D, Huang M. Measurement of psychological inflexibility: an examination of the psychometric properties of the AAQ-3 compared to AAQ-II. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:300. [PMID: 37777799 PMCID: PMC10543298 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limitations of the existing measurements of experiential avoidance, we would like to check the validity of the improved version of Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), i.e., Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-3 (AAQ-3), in Chinese content. The present study was aim to examine the construct and validity of the Chinese version of AAQ-3 in college students and provide an initial validation of this instrument to promote future cross-cultural examination of the psychological flexibility. Totally 1,572 college students were invited to complete the Chinese AAQ-3 and the related questionnaires at the same time. After one month, 380 participates were assessed with same questionnaires to examine the test-retest reliability. The results indicated a similar one-factor solution in the Chinese AAQ-3 to the original version by exploratory factor analysis, parallel analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were good. According to the testing of the measurement invariance, the one-factor model was acceptable across gender (Man = 875, Girl = 697). Additionally, Chinese AAQ-3 was significantly negatively correlated with positive mental health (life satisfaction, mindful attention awareness), significantly positively correlated with negative emotions (depression, anxiety, stress), and significantly positively correlated with AAQ-II and Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (BEAQ). Besides, Chinese AAQ-3 was the strongest predictor of depression, anxiety, stress and life satisfaction compared to the AAQ-II and BEAQ. However, according to the exploratory structural equation model, the Chinese AAQ-3 demonstrated excellent discriminate validity from negative emotions. Overall, the AAQ-3 modified the limitations of the existing measurements of experiential avoidance (i.e., AAQ-II and BEAQ) as it showed better convergent validity with positive mental health indicators, better discriminant validity with negative emotions, and higher incremental validity. Therefore, the Chinese AAQ-3 is a valid measurement tool for assessing the level of experiential avoidance or psychological flexibility in Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghu Fang
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.
| | - Dongyan Ding
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Mingjie Huang
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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Salvo-Garrido S, Polanco-Levicán K, Dominguez-Lara S, Mieres-Chacaltana M, Gálvez-Nieto JL. Psychometric Properties of the SV-RES60 Resilience Scale in a Sample of Chilean Elementary School Teachers. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:781. [PMID: 37754059 PMCID: PMC10525169 DOI: 10.3390/bs13090781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of resilience, identified as a crucial variable due to its association with several beneficial outcomes in adulthood, is of particular interest in the teaching field. Specifically, teachers work in a demanding, challenging, and stressful context that requires a remarkable ability to adapt; therefore, resilience is important in the field of teaching and training, as it plays a fundamental role in children's cognitive, social, and emotional development. This study sought to analyze the psychometric properties of the SV-RES60 Resilience Scale in a sample of Chilean elementary school teachers from first to eighth grade (N = 1406; mean age = 41.4; SD = 10.8). ESEM and bifactor ESEM analyses were performed to evaluate its factor structure, internal consistency, and reliability. The results supported a bifactor structure in which resilience was represented by one general latent factor and twelve specific factors (RMSEA = 0.032; 90%CI [0.030, 0.033]; SRMR = 0.012; CFI = 0.986; TLI = 0.977). A predominance of the unidimensional components of the SV-RES60 (general factor, ECV = 0.812; ωh = 0.975) and a high reliability (α = 0.981; ω of the general factor = 0.991) were observed. In conclusion, the SV-RES60 Resilience Scale is a suitable instrument for measuring the general factor of resilience in the investigated teaching environment. Future studies could contribute towards evidence of a reduced scale and transcultural validation to conduct comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Salvo-Garrido
- Departamento de Matemática y Estadística, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Karina Polanco-Levicán
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Sergio Dominguez-Lara
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15108, Peru;
| | - Manuel Mieres-Chacaltana
- Departamento de Diversidad y Educación Intercultural, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
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Mieres-Chacaltana M, Salvo-Garrido S, Dominguez-Lara S, Gálvez-Nieto JL, Alarcón-Bañares P. Psychometric Validation of the Adult Prosocialness Behavior Scale in a Professional Teaching Context. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:761. [PMID: 37754039 PMCID: PMC10525657 DOI: 10.3390/bs13090761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
For the teaching profession, prosociality is a relevant skill. From this perspective, the present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Adult Prosocialness Behavior Scale (APBS) in a professional setting of primary school Chilean teachers (n = 1404; mean age = 41.4; SD = 10.8; 77.4% women). ESEM and CFA were applied to evaluate its factor structure, internal consistency, factorial reliability, and invariance. The results supported a bifactor ESEM model in which prosociality was represented by a general latent factor and four specific factors (helping, sharing, caring, and empathy). A predominance of the unidimensional component of the APBS was observed (general factor, ECV = 0.938; ωh = 0.945), with adequate reliability (α = 0.932; ω of the factor general = 0.968) and invariance of the measurement in terms of gender. Its adequacy was confirmed by a good level of fit (RMSEA = 0.042 90%CI [0.036-0.049]; SRMR = 0.012; CFI = 0.995; TLI = 0.988). It is concluded that the APBS is a suitable instrument to measure prosociality in the professional setting studied. Its general and specific dimensions are relevant to the prosocial behaviors currently required of teachers. Future studies could contribute evidence of the transcultural validation of the APBS in other educational contexts in order to undertake comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Mieres-Chacaltana
- Departamento de Diversidad y Educación Intercultural, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Sonia Salvo-Garrido
- Departamento de Matemática y Estadística, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Sergio Dominguez-Lara
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 15108, Peru;
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Zagaria A, Barbaranelli C, Mocini E, Lombardo C. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI). J Eat Disord 2023; 11:144. [PMID: 37620907 PMCID: PMC10463941 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is an emerging clinical condition characterized by a pathological fixation with healthy eating. Recently, the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI) has emerged as a promising tool for assessing orthorexic tendencies and behaviours, aiming to overcome the well-established limitations of existing measures for ON. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the ONI. METHODS A total of 879 participants (Mage = 33.22 years, SD = 9.19; 56.9% females) completed the ONI along with the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (DOS), measures of disordered eating, obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCD), and psychosocial impairment. To establish the factorial validity of the ONI, a competing measurement modeling approach was employed by comparing standard confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) with exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) solutions. Model-based omega coefficients were computed to examine the internal consistency of the scale. Factorial invariance tests across gender were conducted within a multi-group framework. RESULTS A three-factor first-order ESEM solution provided the best and most parsimonious representation of the data: χ2(207) = 558.641, p < .001, RMSEA = 0.044 (90% CI 0.040-0.048), CFI = 0.976, TLI = 0.968, SRMR = 0.036. The three latent dimensions, labelled behaviors, emotions, and impairments, showed excellent internal consistency (ω > 0.88). Furthermore, ONI scores were found to be positively correlated with DOS scores, disordered eating, OCD symptoms, and psychosocial impairment, supporting its convergent and criterion validity. Eventually, the ONI was factorially invariant across gender. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the present study provides evidence for the satisfactory psychometric properties of the ONI in the Italian context, endorsing its use in both clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zagaria
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Edoardo Mocini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Prokofieva M, Zarate D, Parker A, Palikara O, Stavropoulos V. Exploratory structural equation modeling: a streamlined step by step approach using the R Project software. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:546. [PMID: 37507658 PMCID: PMC10375619 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) has been a popular yet limited approach to assessing latent factor structures. Despite items rarely loading exclusively on one latent factor in multifactorial scales, CFA assumes all indicators/items should load uniquely on their allocated latent dimensions. To address this weakness, Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) combines exploratory factor analyses (EFA) and CFA procedures, allowing cross-loadings to occur when assessing hypothesized models. Although such advantages have enhanced ESEM popularity, its adoption is often limited by software rigidity and complex coding difficulties. To address these obstacles, the current tutorial presents a streamlined, step-by-step approach using the open-source software R while providing both R and Mplus ESEM syntax. The tutorial demonstrates the sequence of the ESEM stages by examining the frequently debated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) factor structure, using openly accessible data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). As ESEM may allow a better understanding of the complex associations in multidimensional scales, this tutorial may optimize the epidemiological and clinical assessment of common yet multifaceted psychiatric presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Prokofieva
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Zarate
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Carlton, Australia.
| | - Alex Parker
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Olympia Palikara
- Department for Education Studies, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Vasileios Stavropoulos
- Department for Education Studies, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Department of Psychology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Bottaro R, Valenti GD, Faraci P. Assessment of an Epidemic Urgency: Psychometric Evidence for the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2843-2855. [PMID: 37525851 PMCID: PMC10387257 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s406523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In modern industrialized countries, loneliness has been declared an epidemic. The present paper aimed to replicate previous findings about the dimensionality of the UCLA Loneliness Scale-3 version (LS-3) in a sample of Italian adults using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM). Methods In Study 1, 1676 participants (Mage= 31.15; SD = 11.89) completed the LS-3. The three-factor ESEM model was performed to replicate the previous Italian version, and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis compared the three- and ten-item short versions. In Studies 2, 3, and 4, we administered measures of anxiety, depression, stress, internet addiction, self-esteem, and social interaction anxiety to 3513 participants (Mage= 30.81; SD = 11.77) to assess the convergent and discriminant validity of LS-3. Results The ESEM 3-factor model was replicated using a Target rotation (X2 = 847.597; df = 133; CFI = 0.942; TLI = 0.917; RMSEA = 0.062), whereas the already-known LS-3 short version raised psychometric concerns. Positive relationships with anxiety, depression, stress, internet addiction, and social interaction anxiety, as well as negative association with self-esteem were found. Conclusion In conclusion, our findings support the use of the LS-3 in the Italian sample and discourage the administration of the current short forms. The implications for research and clinical practice have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Bottaro
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Enna “Kore”, Enna, Italy
| | - Giusy Danila Valenti
- Department of Psychological, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Palmira Faraci
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Enna “Kore”, Enna, Italy
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Gosch N, Schulte EM, Kauffeld S. Capturing the impact employees have on their coworkers and leaders: a holistic approach on health-specific support behavior from employees. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1183862. [PMID: 37457060 PMCID: PMC10349332 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1183862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Support is a valuable resource for ensuring employee health in the workplace. However, research on health-specific support behavior (i.e., support specifically targeting concrete health aspects) has only concentrated on either leader behavior (e.g., healthy leadership styles) or support provided by employees for specific health issues (e.g., healthy eating or smoking cessation). Although the importance of employee health has been well established, the examination of a wider range of potential health-specific support behaviors from employees provided for their colleagues and leaders has been neglected. To understand employee health-specific support behavior, we adapted an existing health-oriented leadership questionnaire to cover support for colleagues (PeerCare) and their leaders (LeaderCare). Capturing the employee perspective with a sample of 347 employees, the results confirmed a delineation of health-oriented scales (factor, convergent, and discriminant validity). By testing health-specific support behavior processes at work, the positive effects of PeerCare on general health were demonstrated. Contrary to expectations, existing health effects are outweighed when leaders provide health-specific support behavior to their employees (StaffCare). However, the results imply that the health-specific support behavior practices of different actors reinforce each other: the effects of StaffCare and PeerCare enhance each other, and StaffCare has a strong influence on LeaderCare. Remarkably, SelfCare has a key role in this process. The open questions and implications regarding the effects of the different health-specific support behavior measurements are discussed.
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van de Vorst M, Martier J, Linkels H, Matroos GE, Hoek HW, Vinkers DJ. The validity of the BDHI translated into Papiamento in pre-trial defendants in Curaçao. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY 2023; 88:101890. [PMID: 37119565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2023.101890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI) is an important assessment scale of hostility in forensic psychiatry. We analyzed the validity and reliability of a Papiamento translation of the BDHI in 134 pre-trial defendants in Curaçao using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM). The reliability of the Direct and Indirect Hostility BHDI-P subscales were good and the reliability of the Social Desirability poor. There was a negative correlation between Direct Hostility and Agreeableness and a positive correlation between Indirect Hostility and Anxiety. We conclude that the BDHI-P has an acceptable measurement quality when used in defendants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - H Wijbrand Hoek
- Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands; Columbia University, School of Public Health, New York, USA
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van Zyl LE, Gaffaney J, van der Vaart L, Dik BJ, Donaldson SI. The critiques and criticisms of positive psychology: A systematic review. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2023.2178956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Llewellyn E. van Zyl
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
- Department of Human Resource Management, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
- Department of Social Psychology, Institut für Psychologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jaclyn Gaffaney
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, CA, USA
| | | | - Bryan J. Dik
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Stewart I Donaldson
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, CA, USA
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Wilson LA, Scarfo J, Suleyman E, Rehm IC, Baldwin PA. A latent factor approach to the Saving Inventory - Revised: Congeneric evaluation of construct and content validity. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:689-697. [PMID: 36526114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inconsistencies have been identified in the three-factor structure and item loadings of the most commonly used self-report hoarding screening tool, the Saving Inventory - Revised (SI-R), which assesses difficulty discarding, clutter and acquisition. The current study aimed to confirm the factor structure of the SI-R using congeneric modelling, and evaluate the construct and content validity of this measure. METHODS 139 participants with self-identified hoarding completed the SI-R. Congeneric structural equation modelling was then performed to validate the SI-R factor structure. RESULTS The three-factor structure of the SI-R was confirmed as a valid, reliable and good fitting model. However, the difficulty discarding and clutter subscales were required to covary. CONCLUSIONS The SI-R was confirmed as an appropriate screening tool for hoarding severity; however, revision of item wording may improve content validity. Future research could consider exploring the relationships between a range of hoarding-related constructs and the differential endorsement of SI-R subscales. LIMITATIONS As data were collected during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, panic buying and hoarding-related acquiring behaviours may have been exacerbated. In addition, the diagnostic status of participants was not verified, despite the inclusion of individuals endorsing clinically significant hoarding symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizzie A Wilson
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Jessica Scarfo
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
| | - Emra Suleyman
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Imogen C Rehm
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Peter A Baldwin
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia; School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Hospital Road, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
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Reis CT, Laguardia J, Bruno de Araújo Andreoli P, Nogueira Júnior C, Martins M. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture 2.0 - Brazilian version. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:32. [PMID: 36641474 PMCID: PMC9840165 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient safety culture concerns the values, beliefs and standards shared by an organisation's health staff and other personnel which influence their care provision actions and conduct. Several countries have made a priority of strengthening patient safety culture to improve the quality and safety of health care. In this direction, measuring the patient safety culture through validated instruments is a strategy applied worldwide. The purpose of this study was to adapt transculturally and validate the HSOPSC 2.0 to Brazilian Portuguese and the hospital context in Brazil. METHODS Of the various validated scales for measuring safety culture, the instrument most used internationally is the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) developed by the United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality in 2004 and revised in 2019, when version 2.0 was released. Adaptation was conducted on a universalist approach and the adapted instrument was then applied to a sample of 2,702 respondents (56% response rate) comprising staff of a large general hospital in the city of São Paulo. Construct validity was investigated by Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling-within-Confirmatory Factor Analysis (ESEM-within-CFA) and reliability was measured in each dimension by means of Cronbach alpha coefficients. RESULTS ESEM fit indexes showed good data fit with the proposed model: χ2 = 634.425 df = 221 χ2/df ratio = 2.9 p-value < 0.0000; RMSEA = 0.045 (90% C.I. = 0.041-0.050) and probability RMSEA < = .05 = 0.963; CFI = 0.986; TLI = 0.968. However, ten items had loads lower than 0.4. Cronbach alpha values were 0.6 or more for all dimensions, except Handoffs and information exchange ([Formula: see text]= 0.50) and Staffing and work pace ([Formula: see text] = 0.41). CONCLUSION The psychometric properties of the Brazilian version were found to be satisfactory, demonstrating good internal consistency and construct validity as expressed by estimates of reliability and indexes of model fit. However, given factor loadings smaller than 0.4 observed in ten items and considering that the scale translated and adapted to Portuguese was tested on a single sample during the Covid-19 pandemic, the authors recognize the need for it to be tested on other samples in Brazil to investigate its validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tartaglia Reis
- Ministério da Saúde, Planejamento e Gestão SMS Cataguases (MG), Rua Manoel Ramos Trindade 76/201, Cataguases, MG 36770-014 Brazil
| | - Josué Laguardia
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | | | | | - Mônica Martins
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
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Lizana-Calderón P, Alvarado JM, Cruzat-Mandich C, Díaz-Castrillón F, Quevedo S. Psychometric Properties of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS) in Chilean Youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:628. [PMID: 36612950 PMCID: PMC9819157 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the factorial structure of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS) to determine the adjustment of the study structure proposed in the Spanish short version in a young, non-clinical Chilean population and to evaluate the possible influence of sex, age, and BMI on body image measurement. The sample consisted of 614 Chilean youth (259 male and 355 female) between 15 and 28 years old (M = 18.81; SE = 2.46), from the Metropolitan Region, and four regions of the coast and south-central zone of the country. The average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 22.5 kg/m2 (SD = 3.16). The model fit was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis (WLSMV) using the following: a model with a single general factor, a model with the five factors of the original version, a five-factor ESEM model, and a MIMIC model analyzed including sex, age, and BMI. The results show that the MIMIC sex, age, and BMI model presents an acceptable fit, observing that four factors, Appearance Orientation (AO), Body Areas Satisfaction (BAS), Overweight Preoccupation (OP), and Self-Classification Weight (SCW), are affected significantly for the sex variable, one for age, Appearance Evaluation (AE), and four for BMI (AE, BAS, OP, and SCW). In conclusion, MBSRQ-AS replicates the five-dimensional structure in a non-clinical sample of young Chileans; however, their scores are not invariant as they depend on sex, age, and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lizana-Calderón
- Centro de Estudios de la Conducta Alimentaria (CECA), Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Santiago 7911328, Chile
| | - Jesús M. Alvarado
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Cruzat-Mandich
- Centro de Estudios de la Conducta Alimentaria (CECA), Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Santiago 7911328, Chile
| | - Fernanda Díaz-Castrillón
- Centro de Estudios de la Conducta Alimentaria (CECA), Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Santiago 7911328, Chile
| | - Sergio Quevedo
- Centro de Estudios de la Conducta Alimentaria (CECA), Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Av. Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Santiago 7911328, Chile
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Yu MN, Yang P. Empirical development and verification of career well-being scale for teachers in Taiwan: Implications for workplace counseling. Front Psychol 2022; 13:855286. [PMID: 36591013 PMCID: PMC9794854 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.855286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As it is one decade since the establishment of Kidd's model, an analysis of the career well-being (CWB) experienced by Eastern workers is both timely and necessary. To this end, we conducted a series of logical investigations of CWB in Taiwanese school teachers. Study 1 was conducted to conceptualize the main features of CWB (n = 135), and Study 2 was conducted using exploratory factor analysis to determine the validity of a four-factor measurement structure (n = 191). In Study 3, tests were completed to confirm the factor structure of the CWB (n = 533). Accordingly, we established a theory-based CWB measurement approach, and statistical analysis verified the convergent, divergent, and criterion validity of our CWB measurement model. Exploratory structural equation modeling rather than confirmatory factor analysis is recommended in discussions of CWB theory and practice in educational contexts. However, because our sample solely comprised Taiwanese teachers, our results are not generalizable to other occupations or cultures, even Eastern or Chinese-derived cultures. Implications for both theory and workplace counseling practice are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ning Yu
- Department of Education, National Chengchi University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Peter Yang
- Department of Counseling, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
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Barnes K, Colagiuri B. Drivers of the Intention to Receive a COVID-19 Booster Vaccine: Insights from the UK and Australia. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1730. [PMID: 36298595 PMCID: PMC9607201 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the global pandemic perpetuates, keeping the population vaccinated will be imperative to maintain societal protection from the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. However, while empirical evidence regarding predictors of the intention to receive a first COVID-19 vaccine has amassed, our understanding regarding the psychological and behavioral drivers of continued COVID-19 vaccination remains limited. In this pre-registered study (UK: AsPredicted#78370|Australia: AsPredicted#81667), factors predicting the intention to receive a COVID-19 booster vaccine were investigated in two adult samples from the UK (N = 1222) and Australia (N = 1197) that were nationally representative on factors of age, gender, and geographic location. High levels of booster intent were found (73% and 67%, respectively). Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling (ESEM) revealed three key predictors of the intention to receive a booster vaccine that emerged across both UK and Australian samples: concern regarding the COVID-19 virus, positive perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccines, and the perceived severity of side effects experienced to the last COVID-19 vaccine dose. Several additional factors (age, months since the last COVID-19 vaccine, familiarity with side effects, and regularly receiving the influenza vaccine) were present in the Australian dataset. These findings provide important evidence that targeting psychological perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine and virus may serve to maintain participation in the COVID-19 vaccination programme, paving the way for future behavioural research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Barnes
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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van Zyl LE, van Vuuren HA, Roll LC, Stander MW. Person-environment fit and task performance: exploring the role(s) of grit as a personal resource. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Job Demands-Resources Framework (JDR) has established job- and personal resources as essential elements motivating people to perform. Whilst the purpose of job resources in this motivational process is well established, the role of personal resources is still quite ambiguous. Within the JDR framework, personal resources could (a) directly affect performance, (b) indirectly affect the relationship between a job resource and a performance outcome and (c) moderate the job resource-performance relationship. Grit has recently emerged as a promising personal resource as it could potentially act as a direct antecedent-, mediator and moderator within the motivational process of the JDR. To further the debate on the role of personal resources, this paper explores the function of grit (as a personal resource) within the person-environment fit (job resource) and task performance relationship. Specifically, the aim is to determine if grit directly or indirectly affects the relationship between person-environment fit and task performance. Finally, it aims to investigate whether grit moderates this relationship. Data were collected from 310 working adults through electronic surveys, and the relationships were explored through structural equation modelling. When controlling for age and gender, the results showed a positive association between person-environment fit, grit and task performance. Further, grit was also found to indirectly affect the relationship between the person-environment fit and task performance. However, no moderating effect could be established. This signifies the importance of grit as a psychological process, rather than a buffering element that may explain how person-environment fit affects performance outcomes.
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van Zyl LE, Rothmann S. Grand Challenges for Positive Psychology: Future Perspectives and Opportunities. Front Psychol 2022; 13:833057. [PMID: 35712184 PMCID: PMC9196264 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.833057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Llewellyn E van Zyl
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.,Department of Human Resource Management, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.,Department of Social Psychology, Institut für Psychologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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van Zyl LE, Klibert J, Shankland R, See-To EWK, Rothmann S. The General Academic Self-Efficacy Scale: Psychometric Properties, Longitudinal Invariance, and Criterion Validity. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/07342829221097174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Academic self-efficacy (ASE) refers to a student’s global belief in his/her ability to master the various academic challenges at university and is an essential antecedent of wellbeing and performance. The five-item General Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (GASE) showed promise as a short and concise measure for overall ASE. However, of its validity and reliability outside of Scandinavia is limited. Therefore, this paper aimed to investigate the psychometric properties, longitudinal invariance, and criterion validity of the GASE within a sample of university students (Time 1: n = 1056 & Time 2: n = 592) in the USA and Western Europe. The results showed that a unidimensional factorial model of overall ASE fitted the data well was reliable and invariant across time. Further, criterion validity was established by finding a positive relationship with task performance at different time stamps. Therefore, the GASE can be used as a valid and reliable measure for general ASE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llewellyn E. van Zyl
- Department of Human Performance Management, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
- Department of Human Resource Management, University of Twente, The Netherlands
- Department of Social Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jeff Klibert
- Department of Psychology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca Shankland
- Laboratoire Développement, Individu, Processus, Handicap, Éducation (DIPHE), Université Lumière Lyon 2, France
| | - Eric W. K. See-To
- Department of Computing and Decision Sciences, Lingan University, Hong Kong
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van der Vaart L, Van den Broeck A, Rothmann S, De Witte H. Motivational Profiles in Unemployment: A Self-Determination Perspective. Front Public Health 2022; 10:870073. [PMID: 35570905 PMCID: PMC9099225 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.870073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In general, being unemployed has negative implications for the individual and the mental health of the public as a collective. One way to escape this situation is to search for a job. However, following self-determination theory (SDT), unemployed people's different reasons (i.e., their motivation) for engaging in a job search influence their well-being, attitudes, and behaviors for better or worse. Some research has already supported the associations between different types of motivation and these outcomes, but less is known about how these types of motivation simultaneously associate with these outcomes. The current study addressed this issue by studying how different motivational profiles had different implications for the affective experiences, commitment to employment, and job search behavior of the unemployed. Latent profile analysis, among 865 unemployed individuals from previously disadvantaged communities in South Africa, highlighted four distinct motivational profiles: motivated, ambivalent, amotivated, and unmotivated. The motivated reported some good well-being (i.e., positive experiences) and economic outcomes (i.e., employment commitment and job search), but these came at a cost (i.e., more negative experiences). The same went for the ambivalent, but to a lesser extent. Being unmotivated seemed to have the opposite effect in that it came with psychological benefits, but with economic costs, as these individuals might withdraw from the labor market. This also applied to the amotivated, although they experienced less psychological benefit than their unmotivated counterparts. The findings made several contributions to SDT and unemployment research and could help tailor interventions and policies for particular types of unemployed people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anja Van den Broeck
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.,Department of Work and Organization Studies, Faculty of Economics and Business, KU Leuven, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Hans De Witte
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.,Work, Organizational and Personnel Psychology, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Cole ML, Stavros JM, Cox J, Stavros A. Measuring Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, and Results: Psychometric Properties of the 12-Item SOAR Scale. Front Psychol 2022; 13:854406. [PMID: 35465545 PMCID: PMC9028961 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.854406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, and Results (SOAR) is a strengths-based framework for strategic thinking, planning, conversations, and leading that focuses on strengths, opportunities, aspirations, and results. The SOAR framework leverages and integrates Appreciative Inquiry (AI) to create a transformation process through generative questions and positive framing. While SOAR has been used by practitioners since 2000 as a framework for generating positive organizational change, its use in empirical research has been limited by the absence of reliable and valid measures. We report on the reliability, construct validity, and measurement invariance of the SOAR Scale, a 12-item self-report survey organized into four first-order factors (Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, and Results). Data from a sample of 285 U.S. professionals were analyzed in Mplus using confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling. The Four-Factor first-order exploratory structure equation modeling (ESEM) had the best model fit. Measurement invariance tests found the scalar invariance of the SOAR Scale across gender and education groups. Implications are discussed for using the SOAR Scale to build resilience at the individual, the team, and the organizational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Cole
- College of Business and Information Technology, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI, United States
| | - Jacqueline M. Stavros
- College of Business and Information Technology, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI, United States
| | - John Cox
- Walsh College, Troy, MI, United States
| | - Alexandra Stavros
- College of Business and Information Technology, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI, United States
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Chen S, van der Meij L, van Zyl LE, Demerouti E. The Life Crafting Scale: Development and Validation of a Multi-Dimensional Meaning-Making Measure. Front Psychol 2022; 13:795686. [PMID: 35330727 PMCID: PMC8940191 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.795686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding meaning in our lives is a central tenet to the human experience and a core contributor to mental health. Individuals tend to actively seek the sources of meaning in their lives or consciously enact efforts to create or "craft" meaning in different life domains. These overall "Life Crafting" behaviors refer to the conscious efforts individuals exert to create meaning in their lives through (a) cognitively (re-)framing how they view life, (b) seeking social support systems to manage life challenges, and (c) actively seeking challenges to facilitate personal growth. Specifically, these behaviors are actioned to better align life goals, personal needs, values, and capabilities. However, no psychological assessment instrument currently exists to measure overall life crafting. As such, the purpose of this paper was twofold: to conceptualize life crafting and to develop, validate and evaluate a robust measure of overall life crafting. A mixed-method, multi-study research design was employed. First, nine participants were interviewed to determine the methods or techniques used to craft meaningful life experiences. These methods/techniques were used as indicators to create an initial item pool which was then reviewed by a panel of experts to ensure face validity. Second, in Study 1, the factorial structure of the instrument was explored by gathering data from a convenience sample (N = 331), with the results showing support for a three-factor structure of life crafting, consisting of (a) cognitive crafting, (b) seeking social support, and (c) seeking challenges. Finally, in Study 2 (N = 362), the aim was to confirm the factorial structure of the Life Crafting scale and to determine its level of internal consistency, partial measurement invariance across genders, and criterion validity [meaning in life (β = 0.91), mental health (β = 0.91), work engagement (β = 0.54), and job burnout (β = -0.42)]. The results supported a second-order factorial model of Life Crafting, which comprised of three first-order factors (cognitive crafting, seeking social support, and seeking challenges). Therefore, the Life Crafting Scale can be used as a valid and reliable instrument to measure- and track the effectiveness of life crafting interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Chen
- Human Performance Management Group, Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Leander van der Meij
- Human Performance Management Group, Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Llewellyn E. van Zyl
- Human Performance Management Group, Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University (VTC), Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
- Department of Human Resource Management, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
- Department of Social Psychology, Institut für Psychologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Evangelia Demerouti
- Human Performance Management Group, Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Donaldson SI, van Zyl LE, Donaldson SI. PERMA+4: A Framework for Work-Related Wellbeing, Performance and Positive Organizational Psychology 2.0. Front Psychol 2022; 12:817244. [PMID: 35140667 PMCID: PMC8819083 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.817244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of empirical evidence suggests that positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishments (PERMA) may be a robust framework for the measurement, management and development of wellbeing. While the original PERMA framework made great headway in the past decade, its empirical and theoretical limitations were recently identified and critiqued. In response, Seligman clarified the value of PERMA as a framework for and not a theory of wellbeing and called for further research to expand the construct. To expand the framework into organizational contexts, recent meta-analyses and systematic literature reviews showed that physical health, mindset, physical work environments and economic security could be seen as essential contextually relevant building blocks for work-related wellbeing and are therefore prime candidates to expand the PERMA framework for use within organizational contexts. Through expanding the original PERMA framework with these four factors, a new holistic approach to work-related wellbeing and work performance was born: the PERMA+4. As such, the purpose of this brief perspective paper is to provide a conceptual overview of PERMA+4 as holistic framework for work-related wellbeing and work performance which extends beyond the predominant componential thinking of the discipline. Specifically, we aim to do so by providing: (1) a brief historical overview of the development of PERMA as a theory for wellbeing, (2) a conceptual overview of PERMA+4 as a holistic framework for work-related wellbeing and work performance, (3) empirical evidence supporting the usefulness of PERMA+4, and (4) charting a course for the second wave of positive organizational psychological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart I. Donaldson
- Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, United States
| | - Llewellyn Ellardus van Zyl
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
- Department of Human Resource Management, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
- Department of Social Psychology, Institut für Psychologie, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Scott I. Donaldson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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