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Wang Y, Liu P, Yang G, Shu F, Chen C. Exploring the dynamic behaviors of five pesticides in lettuce: Implications for consumer health through field and modeling experiments. Food Chem 2024; 452:139510. [PMID: 38718452 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Lettuce, a globally consumed nutritious vegetable, is often linked to concerns regarding pesticide residues. To address this issue, we conducted field trials and utilized dynamiCROP modeling to examine the uptake, distribution, translocation, and dissipation of five pesticides (λ-cyhalothrin, difenoconazole, acetamiprid, dimethomorph, and β-cypermethrin) commonly detected in lettuce. At harvest, pesticides residues were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) at 0.05, 0.39, 0.047, 0.72, and 0.072 mg kg-1, respectively. Simulation results elucidated distinct behaviors of the pesticides following application to lettuce foliage across various compartments. However, all pesticides exhibited a common dissipation trend, initially stabilizing or increasing before gradually declining. For all five pesticides, the largest contribution of residues on lettuce leaves came from the leaf surface during the early period after application, and from the soil in the long term. Health risk assessments indicated negligible risks associated with consuming lettuce containing these pesticides, both in the short and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | | | - Fang Shu
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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2
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Lozano VL, Paolucci EM, Sabatini SE, Noya Abad T, Muñoz C, Liquin F, Hollert H, Sylvester F. Assessing the impact of imidacloprid, glyphosate, and their mixtures on multiple biomarkers in Corbicula largillierti. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 942:173685. [PMID: 38825192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Pesticide mixtures are frequently utilized in agriculture, yet their cumulative effects on aquatic organisms remain poorly understood. Aquatic animals can be effective bioindicators and invasive bivalves, owing to their widespread distribution, provide an opportunity to assess these impacts. Glyphosate and imidacloprid, among the most prevalent pesticides globally, are frequently detected in freshwater systems in South America. This study aims to understand the cumulative effects of pesticide mixtures on aquatic organisms, using invasive Corbicula largillierti clams from a natural stream in northwestern Argentina. We conducted 48-hour exposure experiments using two concentrations of imidacloprid (20 and 200 μg L-1 a.i), two concentrations of glyphosate (0.3 and 3 mg L-1 a.i), and two combinations of these pesticides (both at low and high concentrations, respectively), simulating the direct contamination of both pesticides based on their agronomic recipe and observed values in Argentine aquatic environments. Clam metabolism was assessed through the examination of multiple oxidative stress parameters and measuring oxygen consumption rate as a proxy for standard metabolic rate (SMR). Our findings revealed that imidacloprid has a more pronounced effect compared to glyphosate. Imidacloprid significantly decreased clam SMR and cellular levels of reduced glutathione (GSH). However, when both pesticides were present, also cellular glycogen and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were affected. Proteins and glutathione S-Transferase (GST) activity were unaffected by either pesticide or their mixture at the assayed concentrations, highlighting the need to test several stress parameters to detect toxicological impacts. Our results indicated additive effects of imidacloprid and glyphosate across all measured parameters. The combination of multiple physiological and cytological biomarkers in invasive bivalves offers significant potential to enhance biomonitoring sensitivity and obtain insights into the origins and cellular mechanisms of chemical impacts. These studies can improve pollution regulatory policies and pesticide management.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Lozano
- Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados (IEBI), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina; Cátedra de Biología y Diversidad de Protistas Autótrofos y Fungi, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT CONICET Salta-Jujuy, Salta, Argentina
| | - E M Paolucci
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S E Sabatini
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Estrés Oxidativo y Metabolismo (LEEM), Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental (DBBE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - T Noya Abad
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Estrés Oxidativo y Metabolismo (LEEM), Departamento de Química Biológica, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Muñoz
- Cátedra de Biología y Diversidad de Protistas Autótrofos y Fungi, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT CONICET Salta-Jujuy, Salta, Argentina
| | - F Liquin
- Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados (IEBI), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
| | - H Hollert
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F Sylvester
- Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados (IEBI), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CCT CONICET Salta-Jujuy, Salta, Argentina; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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3
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Lin MW, Chen JY, Ye YX, Chen WY, Chan HL, Chou HC. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in male reproductive cells caused by sediment pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173578. [PMID: 38810737 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, mounting evidence has highlighted a global decline in male semen quality, paralleling an increase in male infertility problems. Such developments in the male reproductive system are likely due to a range of environmental factors, which could negatively affect the outcomes of pregnancy, reproductive health, and the well-being of fetuses. Different environmental contaminants ultimately accumulate in riverbed sediments due to gravity, so these sediments are frequently considered hotspots for pollutants. Therefore, understanding the detrimental effects of river sediment pollution on human reproductive health is crucial. This study indicates male germ cells' high vulnerability to environmental contaminants. There is a strong positive correlation between the concentration of complex accumulated pollutants from human activities and the reproductive toxicity observed in human testicular embryonic cell lines NCCIT and NTERA-2. This toxicity is characterized by increased levels of reactive oxygen species, disruption of critical cellular functions, genotoxic impacts, and the induction of cell apoptosis. This research marks a significant step in providing in vitro evidence of the damaging effects of environmental pollutants on the human male germline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Wei Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Jai-Yu Chen
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Xuan Ye
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Chan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chou
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Arinanto LS, Hoffmann AA, Ross PA, Gu X. Hormetic effect induced by Beauveria bassiana in Myzus persicae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3726-3733. [PMID: 38469952 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myzus persicae, a serious sap-sucking pest of a large variety of host plants in agriculture, is traditionally controlled using chemical insecticides but there is interest in using biopesticides as restrictions are increasingly placed on the use of broad-spectrum pesticides. RESULTS Here, we show that in Petri dish experiments, high concentrations of the fungal entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana led to rapid mortality of M. persicae, although at a low concentration (1 × 104 conidia mL-1) there is a hormetic effect in which survival and fecundity are enhanced. Hormetic effects persisted across a generation with reduced development time and increased fecundity in the offspring of M. persicae exposed to B. bassiana. The whole-plant experiment points to a hormetic effect being detected in two out of three tested lines. The impact of these effects might also depend on whether M. persicae was transinfected with the endosymbiont Rickettsiella viridis, which decreases fecundity and survival compared with aphids lacking this endosymbiont. This fecundity cost was ameliorated in the generation following exposure to the entomopathogen. CONCLUSION Although B. bassiana is effective in controlling M. persicae especially at higher spore concentrations, utilization of this entomopathogen requires careful consideration of hormetic effects at lower spore concentrations, and further research to optimize its application for sustainable agriculture is recommended. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Satrio Arinanto
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ary Anthony Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Perran Albert Ross
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Section for Bioscience and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Xinyue Gu
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Nehru R, Chen CW, Dong CD. A review of smart electrochemical devices for pesticide detection in agricultural food and runoff contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173360. [PMID: 38777059 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In the evolving field of food and agriculture, pesticide utilization is inevitable for food production and poses an increasing threat to the ecosystem and human health. This review systematically investigates and provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in smart electrochemical devices for detecting pesticides in agricultural food and runoff contaminants. The focus encompasses recent progress in lab-scale and portable electrochemical sensors, highlighting their significance in agricultural pesticide monitoring. This review compares these sensors comprehensively and provides a scientific guide for future sensor development for infield agricultural pesticide monitoring and food safety. Smart devices address challenges related to power consumption, low cost, wearability, and portability, contributing to the advancement of agricultural sustainability. By elucidating the intricate details of these smart devices, this review offers a comprehensive discussion and roadmap for future research aimed at cost-effective, flexible, and smart handy devices, including novel electrocatalysts, to foster the development of next-generation agricultural sensor technology, opportunity and future direction for food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Nehru
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
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6
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Dashti A, Navidpour AH, Amirkhani F, Zhou JL, Altaee A. Application of machine learning models to improve the prediction of pesticide photodegradation in water by ZnO-based photocatalysts. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142792. [PMID: 38971434 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Pesticide pollution has been posing a significant risk to human and ecosystems, and photocatalysis is widely applied for the degradation of pesticides. Machine learning (ML) emerges as a powerful method for modeling complex water treatment processes. For the first time, this study developed novel ML models that improved the estimation of the photocatalytic degradation of various pesticides using ZnO-based photocatalysts. The input parameters encompassed the source of light, mass proportion of dopants to Zn, initial pesticide concentration (C0), pH of the solution, catalyst dosage and irradiation time. Additionally, physicochemical properties such as the molecular weight of the dopants and pesticides, as well as the water solubility of both dopants and pesticides, were considered. Notably, the numerical data were extracted from the literature via relevant tables (directly) or graphs (indirectly) using the web-based tool WebPlotDigitizer. Four ML models including multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN), particle swarm optimization-adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (PSO-ANFIS), radial basis function (RBF), and coupled simulated annealing-least squares support vector machine (CSA-LSSVM) were developed. In comparison, RBF showed the best accuracy of modeling among all models, with the highest determination coefficient (R2) of 0.978 and average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of 4.80%. RBF model was effective in estimating the photocatalytic degradation of pesticides except for 2-chlorophenol, triclopyr and lambda-cyhalothrin, where CSA-LSSVM model demonstrated superior performance. Dichlorvos was completely degraded by ZnO photocatalyst under visible light. The sensitivity analysis by relevancy factor exhibited that light irradiation time and initial pesticide concentration were the most important parameters influencing photocatalytic degradation of pesticides positively and negatively, respectively. The new ML models provide a powerful tool for predicting pesticide degradation in wastewater treatment, which will reduce photochemical experiments and promote sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Dashti
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Amir Hossein Navidpour
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Farid Amirkhani
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Ali Altaee
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
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Dhivya M, Karthi S, Amala K, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Han YS, Obaid SA, Senthil-Nathan S, Park KB. Phytometabolites from coral jasmine flower extracts: Toxic effects on Spodoptera litura and enzyme inhibition in nontarget earthworm Eisenia fetida as an alternative approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118896. [PMID: 38642644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Green pesticides, derived from natural sources, have gained wider attention as an alternative to synthetic pesticides for managing polyphagous pests, such as Spodoptera litura. In this study, the methanolic flower extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Mx-Na-t) was subjected to chemical screening, and 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridone (3H-dp) and tyrosol (Ty-ol) were identified as the major derivatives. The toxic effects of Mx-Na-t (500 ppm) were highest in third-instar S. litura larvae (96.4%), while those of 3H-dp and Ty-ol (5 ppm) were highest in second-instar larvae (76.5% and 81.4%, respectively). The growth and development of S. litura larvae and pupae were significantly reduced by all three treatments. Fecundity rates were also reduced by all treatments [from 1020 eggs (control) to 540 eggs by Mx-Na-t treatment, 741 eggs by 3H-dp treatment, and 721 eggs by Ty-ol treatment]. The extract and its active constituents decreased adult emergence and slowed total larval development in a dose-dependent manner. A decrease was noted in the major gut enzymes of young S. litura larvae exposed to Mx-Na-t, 3H-dp, and Ty-ol. Moreover, midgut tissues of fourth-instar larvae were severely damaged by Mx-Na-t (250 ppm), 3H-dp (2.5 ppm), and Ty-ol (2.5 ppm); the treatments induced structural damage to the epithelial cells and gut lumen. The earthworm Eisenia fetida was used to assess nontarget toxicity. Compared with cypermethrin, the phytochemicals exhibited minimal effects on the earthworm's detoxifying enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase after 14 days of treatment. Moreover, in silico predictions using BeeTox and ProTox-II indicated little or no toxicity of 3H-dp and Ty-ol toward honey bees and other nontarget species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muruhesan Dhivya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, USA 40503
| | - Kesavan Amala
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sami Al Obaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh - 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio-pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Research & Development Centre, Invirustech Co., Inc, Gwangju 61222, Republic of Korea
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Li W, Dong C, Hao Z, Wu X, Ding D, Duan J. The effectiveness and feasibility of ball-milled powdered activated carbon (BPAC) for removal of organic pesticides in conventional drinking water treatment process. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142229. [PMID: 38723688 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In the conventional drinking water treatment process (CDWTP), powdered activated carbon (PAC) is commonly used for removing organic pesticides, or other organic contaminants. However, the hydraulic retention time (HRT) in CDWTP is insufficient for fulfilling PAC adsorption equilibrium to realize its full capacity. This study examined the adsorption kinetics, adsorption thermal dynamics, and removal efficiency for six organic pesticides using the ball-milled PAC (BPAC) with varying particle sizes in CDWTP. Based on the experiments with the pesticides of atrazine, diazinon, dimethoate, fenitrothion, isoproturon and thiometon, the results indicated that as the particle size reduced from around 38 μm for the commercial PAC to 1 μm for the BPAC, the adsorption rates for hydrophobic pesticides increased up to twentyfold. Diffusional adsorption from the bulk solution to the external PAC surface is the most likely predominant mechanism. This could allow a sufficient pesticides' adsorption within the limited HRT and to achieve a great depth removal of these toxic compounds. However, the addition of BPAC with a diameter of 1 μm was observed to significantly increase residual particles in treated water after the conventional treatment process. With a further systematic evaluation of both adsorption rate and particle penetration, a particle size of around 6 μm BPAC was considered a practical compromise between the adsorption rate and particle penetration for real application. Results from five surface waters of different water quality indicated that, compared to commercial PAC, application of 6 μm BPAC could achieve up to a 75% reduction in adsorbent dosage while maintaining around the same pesticide removal efficiencies. Additionally, thermodynamic analyses suggest that adsorption of these pesticides could be enthalpically or entropically driven depending on the degree of pesticide hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Congjian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Zijing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Donghai Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Jinming Duan
- Centre for Water Management and Reuse, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA, 5095, Australia.
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9
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Al-Shabib NA, Khan JM, Malik A, AlAmri A, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Husain FM. Integrated spectroscopic and computational analyses unravel the molecular interaction of pesticide azinphos-methyl with bovine beta-lactoglobulin. J Mol Recognit 2024; 37:e3086. [PMID: 38686702 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphorus are typically hazardous chemicals used in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and other industries. They pose a serious risk to human life and can be fatal upon direct exposure. Hence, studying the interaction between such compounds with proteins is crucial for environmental, health, and food safety. In this study, we investigated the interaction mechanism between azinphos-methyl (AZM) and β-lactoglobulin (BLG) at pH 7.4 using a combination of biophysical techniques. Intrinsic fluorescence investigations revealed that BLG fluorescence was quenched in the presence of increasing AZM concentrations. The quenching mechanism was identified as static, as evidenced by a decrease in the fluorescence quenching constant (1.25 × 104, 1.18 × 104, and 0.86 × 104 M-1) with an increase in temperatures. Thermodynamic calculations (ΔH > 0; ΔS > 0) affirmed the formation of a complex between AZM and BLG through hydrophobic interactions. The BLG's secondary structure was found to be increased due to AZM interaction. Ultraviolet -visible spectroscopy data showed alterations in BLG conformation in the presence of AZM. Molecular docking highlighted the significant role of hydrophobic interactions involving residues such as Val43, Ile56, Ile71, Val92, Phe105, and Met107 in the binding between BLG and AZM. A docking energy of -6.9 kcal mol-1, and binding affinity of 1.15 × 105 M-1 suggest spontaneous interaction between AZM and BLG with moderate to high affinity. These findings underscore the potential health risks associated with the entry of AZM into the food chain, emphasizing the need for further consideration of its impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Abdulatif Al-Shabib
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz AlAmri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Masumbuko DR, Mwitangabo AN, Basengere EB, Zamukulu PM, Mubalama LK, Mushagalusa GN. Small-scale market gardeners' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the use of chemical pesticides in the Kabare territory (South-Kivu) in Eastern D.R. Congo. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32917. [PMID: 38975166 PMCID: PMC11226892 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Damage caused by pests and diseases is one of constraints on crop production for food security. Based on the use of questionnaire and interviews that were conducted in Kabare territory (South-Kivu), this study was carried out to (i) assess farmers practices, attitudes, and knowledge about pesticides use, and (ii) assess the human health and physical environment effects using pesticides. Data was collected from 300 small-scale farmers in study area. Results showed that majority of our respondents were men (59 %) rather than women (41 %) and local knowledge of pesticide use was low (60 %). Education level had a significant influence (p < 0.01) on level of knowledge about pesticide use, time and dose of treatment, method of control, and persistence time. In addition, education level influence significantly farmers' attitudes before and after pesticide treatment (p < 0.05). Pest management control, time of pesticide application, and packaging management method varied significantly with level of local knowledge (p < 0.01). Pesticides use by small-scale farmers has an effect on water, soil, and air quality. It also causes human pathologies such as vomiting, eye irritation, and even loss of life in event of heavy exposure. Inhalation and dermal exposure are main and most dangerous routes of pesticide exposure in our study area, which lacks protective strategies. Finally, use of pesticides disrupts biodiversity through the disappearance of pollinators, predators, parasitoids, and soil microorganisms. Therefore, broad continuity of this study with integration of other scientific aspects would effectively contribute to the improvement of environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieumerci R. Masumbuko
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural (ISDR), P.O. Box 2849, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
| | - Audaxine N. Mwitangabo
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural (ISDR), P.O. Box 2849, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
| | - Espoir B. Basengere
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural (ISDR), P.O. Box 2849, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Université Evangélique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
- Faculty of Agronomy, Université Catholique de Bukavu (UCB), P.O. Box 285, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
| | - Patient M. Zamukulu
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Université Evangélique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
- Institut Supérieur D’Etudes Agronomiques et Vétérinaires (ISEAV), Walungu, South-Kivu, Congo
| | - Leonard K. Mubalama
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural (ISDR), P.O. Box 2849, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
| | - Gustave N. Mushagalusa
- Department of Environment and Sustainable Development, Institut Supérieur de Développement Rural (ISDR), P.O. Box 2849, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Université Evangélique en Afrique (UEA), P.O. Box 3323, Bukavu, South-Kivu, Congo
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11
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Vaezafshar S, Siegel JA, Jantunen L, Diamond ML. Widespread occurrence of pesticides in low-income housing. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00665-y. [PMID: 38909155 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low socioeconomic status (SES) residents living in social housing, which is subsidized by government or government-funded agencies, may have higher exposures to pesticides used in indoor residences since pesticides are applied due to structural deficiencies, poor maintenance, etc. OBJECTIVE: To estimate exposure of residents in low-SES social housing built in the 1970s to legacy and current-use pesticides and to investigate factors related to exposures. METHODS Twenty-eight particle-phase pesticides were measured in the indoor air of 46 units in seven low-income social housing, multi-unit residential buildings (MURBs) in Toronto, Canada using portable air cleaners deployed for 1 week in 2017. Pesticides analyzed were legacy and current use in the classes: organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, and strobilurins. RESULTS At least one pesticide was detected in 89% of the units with detection frequencies (DF) for individual pesticides of up to 50%, including legacy organochlorines and current-use pesticides. Current-use pyrethroids had the highest DF and concentrations, with the highest particle-phase concentration for pyrethrin I at 32,000 pg/m3. Heptachlor, restricted for use in Canada in 1985, had the highest estimated maximum total air (particle plus gas phase) concentration of 443,000 pg/m3. Heptachlor, lindane, endosulfan I, chlorothalonil, allethrin, and permethrin (except in one study) had higher concentrations than those measured in low-income residences reported elsewhere. In addition to the intentional use of pesticides to control pests and their use in building materials and paints, tobacco smoking was significantly correlated with the concentrations of five pesticides used on tobacco crops. The distribution of pesticides with high DF in individual buildings suggested that pest eradication programs by the building management and/or pesticide use by residents were the major sources of measured pesticides. IMPACT Low-income social housing fills a much-needed demand, but the residences are prone to pest infestation and hence pesticide use. We found exposure to at least 1 of 28 particle-phase pesticides in 89% of all 46 units tested, with the highest DF and concentrations for current-use pyrethroids and long-banned organochlorines (e.g., DDT, heptachlor) due to very high persistence indoors. Also measured were several pesticides not registered for use indoors, e.g., strobilurins used to treat building materials and pesticides used on tobacco crops. These results, which are the first Canadian data for most pesticides indoors, show widespread exposure to numerous pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vaezafshar
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Siegel
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Liisa Jantunen
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B1, Canada.
- Air Quality Processes Research, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Egbert, ON, L0L 1N0, Canada.
| | - Miriam L Diamond
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B1, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
- School of Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E8, Canada
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Wang M, Wang X, Huang K, Han B, Li R, Shen Y, Zhuang Z, Wang Z, Wang L, Zhou Y, Jing T. Human Biomonitoring of Environmental Chemicals among Elderly in Wuhan, China: Prioritizing Risks Using EPA's ToxCast Database. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10001-10014. [PMID: 38788169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In line with the "healthy aging" principle, we aim to assess the exposure map and health risks of environmental chemicals in the elderly. Blood samples from 918 elderly individuals in Wuhan, China, were analyzed using the combined gas/liquid-mass spectrometry technology to detect levels of 118 environmental chemicals. Cluster analysis identified exposure profiles, while risk indexes and bioanalytical equivalence percentages were calculated using EPA's ToxCast database. The detection rates for 87 compounds exceeded 70%. DEHP, DiBP, naphthalene, phenanthrene, DnBP, pyrene, anthracene, permethrin, fluoranthene, and PFOS showed the highest concentrations. Fat-soluble pollutants varied across lifestyles. In cluster 2, which was characterized by higher concentrations of fat-soluble substances, the proportion of smokers or drinkers was higher than that of nonsmokers or nondrinkers. Pesticides emerged as the most active environmental chemicals in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma antagonist, thyroid hormone receptor (TR) antagonist, TR agonist, and androgen receptor (AR) agonist activity assays. Additionally, PAEs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons played significant roles as active contaminants for the corresponding targets of AR antagonists and estrogen receptor alpha. We proposed a list of priority pollutants linked to endocrine-disrupting toxic effects in the elderly, which may provide the groundwork for further research into environmental etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, PR China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhijia Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yikai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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Omokungbe B, Centurión A, Stiehler S, Morr A, Vilcinskas A, Steinbrink A, Hardes K. Gene silencing in the aedine cell lines C6/36 and U4.4 using long double-stranded RNA. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:255. [PMID: 38863029 PMCID: PMC11167938 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06340-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) is a target-specific gene silencing method that can be used to determine gene functions and investigate host-pathogen interactions, as well as facilitating the development of ecofriendly pesticides. Commercially available transfection reagents (TRs) can improve the efficacy of RNAi. However, we currently lack a product and protocol for the transfection of insect cell lines with long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). METHODS We used agarose gel electrophoresis to determine the capacity of eight TRs to form complexes with long dsRNA. A CellTiter-Glo assay was then used to assess the cytotoxicity of the resulting lipoplexes. We also measured the cellular uptake of dsRNA by fluorescence microscopy using the fluorophore Cy3 as a label. Finally, we analyzed the TRs based on their transfection efficacy and compared the RNAi responses of Aedes albopictus C6/36 and U4.4 cells by knocking down an mCherry reporter Semliki Forest virus in both cell lines. RESULTS The TRs from Biontex (K4, Metafectene Pro, and Metafectene SI+) showed the best complexing capacity and the lowest dsRNA:TR ratio needed for complete complex formation. Only HiPerFect was unable to complex the dsRNA completely, even at a ratio of 1:9. Most of the complexes containing mCherry-dsRNA were nontoxic at 2 ng/µL, but Lipofectamine 2000 was toxic at 1 ng/µL in U4.4 cells and at 2 ng/µL in C6/36 cells. The transfection of U4.4 cells with mCherry-dsRNA/TR complexes achieved significant knockdown of the virus reporter. Comparison of the RNAi response in C6/36 and U4.4 cells suggested that C6/36 cells lack the antiviral RNAi response because there was no significant knockdown of the virus reporter in any of the treatments. CONCLUSIONS C6/36 cells have an impaired RNAi response as previously reported. This investigation provides valuable information for future RNAi experiments by showing how to mitigate the adverse effects attributed to TRs. This will facilitate the judicious selection of TRs and transfection conditions conducive to RNAi research in mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodunrin Omokungbe
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alejandra Centurión
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Stiehler
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Antonia Morr
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Antje Steinbrink
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Kornelia Hardes
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Branch of Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
- BMBF Junior Research Group in Infection Research "ASCRIBE", Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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14
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Du S, Guo C, Wei J, Li C, Zhou Z. Whole-genome sequence of Streptomyces sp. F41, a potent insecticidal Streptomyces isolated from soil in Sichuan, China. Microbiol Resour Announc 2024:e0030624. [PMID: 38842340 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00306-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces sp. F41 is a potent insecticidal metabolite producing actinomycetes isolated from the topsoil, and the complete genome sequence was determined. The genome consists of 8,343,496 bp, with 7,221 genes and a GC content of 71.84%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shige Du
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Prevention, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Pratap Singh Raman A, Thakur G, Pandey G, Kumari K, Singh P. An Updated Review on Functionalized Graphene as Sensitive Materials in Sensing of Pesticides. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302080. [PMID: 38578653 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Numerous chemical pesticides were employed for a long time to manage pests, but their uncontrolled application harmed the health and the environment. Accurately quantifying pesticide residues is essential for risk evaluation and regulatory purposes. Numerous analytical methods have been developed and utilized to achieve sensitive and specific detection of pesticides in intricate sampl es like water, soil, food, and air. Electrochemical sensors based on amperometry, potentiometry, or impedance spectroscopy offer portable, rapid, and sensitive detection suitable for on-site analysis. This study examines the potential of electrochemical sensors for the accurate evaluation of various effects of pesticides. Emphasizing the use of Graphene (GR), Graphene Oxide (GO), Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO), and Graphdiyne composites, the study highlights their enhanced performance in pesticide sensing by stating the account of many actual sensors that have been made for specific pesticides. Computational studies provide valuable insights into the adsorption kinetics, binding energies, and electronic properties of pesticide-graphene complexes, guiding the design and optimization of graphene-based sensors with improved performance. Furthermore, the discussion extends to the emerging field of biopesticides. While the GR/GO/rGO based sensors hold immense future prospects, and their existing limitations have also been discussed, which need to be solved with future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Pratap Singh Raman
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi- NCR Campus, Delhi-Merrut Road, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Gauri Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India
| | - Garima Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi- NCR Campus, Delhi-Merrut Road, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi- NCR Campus, Delhi-Merrut Road, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India
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Hoisington AJ, Stearns-Yoder KA, Kovacs EJ, Postolache TT, Brenner LA. Airborne Exposure to Pollutants and Mental Health: A Review with Implications for United States Veterans. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:168-183. [PMID: 38457036 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Inhalation of airborne pollutants in the natural and built environment is ubiquitous; yet, exposures are different across a lifespan and unique to individuals. Here, we reviewed the connections between mental health outcomes from airborne pollutant exposures, the biological inflammatory mechanisms, and provide future directions for researchers and policy makers. The current state of knowledge is discussed on associations between mental health outcomes and Clean Air Act criteria pollutants, traffic-related air pollutants, pesticides, heavy metals, jet fuel, and burn pits. RECENT FINDINGS Although associations between airborne pollutants and negative physical health outcomes have been a topic of previous investigations, work highlighting associations between exposures and psychological health is only starting to emerge. Research on criteria pollutants and mental health outcomes has the most robust results to date, followed by traffic-related air pollutants, and then pesticides. In contrast, scarce mental health research has been conducted on exposure to heavy metals, jet fuel, and burn pits. Specific cohorts of individuals, such as United States military members and in-turn, Veterans, often have unique histories of exposures, including service-related exposures to aircraft (e.g. jet fuels) and burn pits. Research focused on Veterans and other individuals with an increased likelihood of exposure and higher vulnerability to negative mental health outcomes is needed. Future research will facilitate knowledge aimed at both prevention and intervention to improve physical and mental health among military personnel, Veterans, and other at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hoisington
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, 45333, USA.
| | - Kelly A Stearns-Yoder
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, and Burn Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Veterans Affairs Research Service, RMR VAMC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VISN 5 MIRECC, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Veterans Affairs Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMR VAMC), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry & Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Manamela MG, Choung ME. Public healthcare disparities in Africa: the food production systems and its dichotomy in a South African context. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:75. [PMID: 38824573 PMCID: PMC11144340 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
One of the major concerns of development in Africa is the issue of public health. In Africa, public healthcare has been and still is a problem most African countries are faced with. The problem of public healthcare seems to be unabated even though there are measures that are put in place for its effectiveness. There is hunger, malnutrition, high mortality rate, illnesses and deterioration of life expectancy in most developing countries of Africa. The dramatic unprecedented public health disparity has become a scourge in developing countries where it has purportedly impaired the developmental efforts, economic growth and prosperity. As a result, there is a need to scrutinize possible causes that exacerbates public health issues in developing countries. The paper argues that the current food production system (conventional) contributes to current status of public health as compared to the previous food production system (organic). The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize public healthcare disparities, juxtaposing organic and conventional food production that result as human food consumption. The paper employs literature-based analysis as a methodology to assemble data in respect of public healthcare disparities and food production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Manamela
- Department of Development Studies, College of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M E Choung
- Department Communication, Media and Information Studies, School of Languages and Communications, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa.
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18
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Ray SS, Parihar K, Goyal N, Mahapatra DM. Synergistic insights into pesticide persistence and microbial dynamics for bioremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119290. [PMID: 38823612 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Rampant use of fertilizers and pesticides for boosting agricultural crop productivity has proven detrimental impact on land, water, and air quality globally. Although fertilizers and pesticides ensure greater food security, their unscientific management negatively impacts soil fertility, structure of soil microbiome and ultimately human health and hygiene. Pesticides exert varying impacts on soil properties and microbial community functions, contingent on factors such as their chemical structure, mode of action, toxicity, and dose-response characteristics. The diversity of bacterial responses to different pesticides presents a valuable opportunity for pesticide remediation. In this context, OMICS technologies are currently under development, and notable advancements in gene editing, including CRISPR technologies, have facilitated bacterial engineering, opening promising avenues for reducing toxicity and enhancing biological remediation. This paper provides a holistic overview of pesticide dynamics, with a specific focus on organophosphate, organochlorine, and pyrethroids. It covers their occurrence, activity, and potential mitigation strategies, with an emphasis on the microbial degradation route. Subsequently, the pesticide degradation pathways, associated genes and regulatory mechanisms, associated OMICS approaches in soil microbes with a special emphasis on CRISPR/Cas9 are also being discussed. Here, we analyze key environmental factors that significantly impact pesticide degradation mechanisms and underscore the urgency of developing alternative strategies to diminish our reliance on synthetic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Sinha Ray
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kashish Parihar
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Nishu Goyal
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Durga Madhab Mahapatra
- School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India; Energy and Wetlands Research Group, Center for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012, India; Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA
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19
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Kumar A, Ojha PK, Roy K. The first report on the assessment of maximum acceptable daily intake (MADI) of pesticides for humans using intelligent consensus predictions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:870-881. [PMID: 38652036 DOI: 10.1039/d4em00059e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Direct or indirect consumption of pesticides and their related products by humans and other living organisms without safe dosing may pose a health risk. The risk may arise after a short/long time which depends on the nature and amount of chemicals consumed. Therefore, the maximum acceptable daily intake of chemicals must be calculated to prevent these risks. In the present work, regression-based quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were developed using 39 pesticides with maximum acceptable daily intake (MADI) for humans as the endpoint. From the statistical results (R2 = 0.674-0.712, QLOO2 = 0.553-0.580, Q(F1)2 = 0.544-0.611, and Q(F2)2 = 0.531-0.599), it can be inferred that the developed models were robust, reliable, reproducible, accurate, and predictive. Intelligent Consensus Prediction (ICP) was employed to improve the external predictivity (Q(F1)2 =0.579-0.657 and Q(F2)2 = 0.563-0.647) of the models. Some of the chemical markers responsible for toxicity enhancement are the presence of unsaturated bonds, lipophilicity, presence of C< (double bond-single bond-single bonded carbon), and the presence of sulphur and phosphate bonds at the topological distances 1 and 6, while the presence of hydrophilic groups and short chain fragments reduces the toxicity. The Pesticide Properties Database (PPDB) (1694 pesticides) was also screened with the developed models. Hence, this research work will be helpful for the toxicity assessment of pesticides before their synthesis, the development of eco-friendly and safer pesticides, and data-gap filling reducing the time, cost, and animal experimentation. Thus, this study might hold promise for future potential MADI assessment of pesticides and provide a meaningful contribution to the field of risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Kumar
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Probir Kumar Ojha
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Kunal Roy
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics (DTC) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Ruan P, Yin S, Zhang Y. The impact of agricultural insurance on consumer food safety: empirical evidence from provincial-level data in China. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1392711. [PMID: 38812934 PMCID: PMC11133671 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1392711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In the exploration of the efficacy of agricultural subsidy policies, agricultural insurance, as a key element of this policy system, has garnered widespread attention for its potential impact on consumer food safety. This paper delves into the influence of agricultural insurance on the safety of food consumed by individuals, based on provincial panel data in China from 2011 to 2021. The findings indicate that agricultural insurance significantly reduces the incidence of foodborne disease and enhances food safety. Mediating effect tests reveal that agricultural insurance effectively boosts food safety through two key pathways: promoting innovation in agricultural technology and reducing environmental pollution. Moreover, the analysis of moderating effects highlights that increased consumer confidence positively enhances the impact of agricultural insurance. Heterogeneity tests further show that in the provinces with higher levels of agricultural development and stronger government support for agriculture, the role of agricultural insurance in improving food safety is more pronounced. This research not only empirically verifies the effectiveness of agricultural insurance in enhancing food safety but also provides robust theoretical support and practical guidance for the precise formulation and effective implementation of agricultural subsidy policies, particularly agricultural insurance policies, offering significant reference value for policy-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiheng Ruan
- School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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21
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Rio P, Gasbarrini A, Gambassi G, Cianci R. Pollutants, microbiota and immune system: frenemies within the gut. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1285186. [PMID: 38799688 PMCID: PMC11116734 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1285186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollution is a critical concern of modern society for its heterogeneous effects on human health, despite a widespread lack of awareness. Environmental pollutants promote several pathologies through different molecular mechanisms. Pollutants can affect the immune system and related pathways, perturbing its regulation and triggering pro-inflammatory responses. The exposure to several pollutants also leads to alterations in gut microbiota with a decreasing abundance of beneficial microbes, such as short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, and an overgrowth of pro-inflammatory species. The subsequent intestinal barrier dysfunction, together with oxidative stress and increased inflammatory responses, plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. Moreover, pollutants encourage the inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence through various mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, dysregulation of cellular signalling pathways, cell cycle impairment and genomic instability. In this narrative review, we will describe the interplay between pollutants, gut microbiota, and the immune system, focusing on their relationship with inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying the health-to-disease transition may allow the design of public health policies aimed at reducing the burden of disease related to pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Sharifzadeh MS, Abdollahzadeh G. Do typologies of pesticide risk knowledge influence the adoption of IPM strategies? Evidence from rice farmers' behavior in northern Iran. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38676571 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The active participation of farmers in adopting eco-friendly practices is vital to mitigate the environmental and health risks linked to pesticide usage. Farmers' awareness of these risks significantly influences their adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) methods over traditional pesticide applications. This study sought to explore the range of understanding on pesticide effects, categorize IPM strategies employed in pest management, and examine the correlation between knowledge levels and IPM strategy choices. Data was gathered through structured questionnaires from 391 rice farmers in Sari County, Mazandaran province, Northern Iran. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis revealed three distinct dimensions of pesticide risk knowledge: personal risk of pesticide, environmental risk of pesticide, and community risk of pesticide. Furthermore, the study identified three primary categories of IPM strategies: high familiarity, intermediate familiarity, and low familiarity. The results of the regression analysis indicated that the personal risk of pesticides (β = 0.556; P < 0.01) and the environmental risk of pesticides (β = 0.262; P < 0.01) are significantly correlated with the adoption of high familiarity IPM strategies. Furthermore, the study revealed that there was no significant statistical evidence to support the notion that different types of pesticide risk knowledge had any influence on the adoption of intermediate and low familiarity strategies. CONCLUSION The findings of this study imply the critical importance for agricultural extension programs to focus on enhancing farmers' knowledge of pesticide risks and various IPM strategies. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sharif Sharifzadeh
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Agbodjato NA, Babalola OO. Promoting sustainable agriculture by exploiting plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to improve maize and cowpea crops. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16836. [PMID: 38638155 PMCID: PMC11025545 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Maize and cowpea are among the staple foods most consumed by most of the African population, and are of significant importance in food security, crop diversification, biodiversity preservation, and livelihoods. In order to satisfy the growing demand for agricultural products, fertilizers and pesticides have been extensively used to increase yields and protect plants against pathogens. However, the excessive use of these chemicals has harmful consequences on the environment and also on public health. These include soil acidification, loss of biodiversity, groundwater pollution, reduced soil fertility, contamination of crops by heavy metals, etc. Therefore, essential to find alternatives to promote sustainable agriculture and ensure the food and well-being of the people. Among these alternatives, agricultural techniques that offer sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions that reduce or eliminate the excessive use of agricultural inputs are increasingly attracting the attention of researchers. One such alternative is the use of beneficial soil microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR provides a variety of ecological services and can play an essential role as crop yield enhancers and biological control agents. They can promote root development in plants, increasing their capacity to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, increase stress tolerance, reduce disease and promote root development. Previous research has highlighted the benefits of using PGPRs to increase agricultural productivity. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of action of PGPRs and their exploitation as biofertilizers would present a promising prospect for increasing agricultural production, particularly in maize and cowpea, and for ensuring sustainable and prosperous agriculture, while contributing to food security and reducing the impact of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the environment. Looking ahead, PGPR research should continue to deepen our understanding of these microorganisms and their impact on crops, with a view to constantly improving sustainable agricultural practices. On the other hand, farmers and agricultural industry players need to be made aware of the benefits of PGPRs and encouraged to adopt them to promote sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Adoukè Agbodjato
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng, North West, South Africa
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie (LBTMM), Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, Benin
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng, North West, South Africa
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Oskar S, Balalian AA, Stingone JA. Identifying critical windows of prenatal phenol, paraben, and pesticide exposure and child neurodevelopment: Findings from a prospective cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170754. [PMID: 38369152 PMCID: PMC10960968 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate how exposure to a mixture of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during two points in pregnancy affects early childhood neurodevelopment. METHODS We analyzed publicly-available data from a high-risk cohort of mothers and their children (2007-2014) that measured six EDCs including methyl-, ethyl- and propyl parabens (MEPB, ETPB, PRPB), Bisphenol-A (BPA), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) in prenatal urine samples during the second and third trimesters. Neurodevelopmental scores were assessed using Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) at age 3. We used mean field variational Bayes for lagged kernel machine regression (MFVB-LKMR) to investigate the association between trimester-specific co-exposure to the six EDCs and MSEL scores at age 3, stratified by sex. RESULTS The analysis included 130 children. For females, the relationship between BPA and 3PBA with MSEL score varied between the two trimesters. In the second trimester, effect estimates for BPA were null but inversely correlated with MSEL score in the third trimester. 3PBA had a negative relationship with MSEL in the second trimester and positive correlation in the third trimester. For males, effect estimates for all EDCs were in opposing directions across trimesters. MFVB-LKMR analysis identified significant two-way interaction between EDCs for MSEL scores in both trimesters. For example, in females, the MSEL scores associated with increased exposure to TCPy were 1.75 units (95%credible interval -0.04, -3.47) lower in the 2nd trimester and 4.61 (95%CI -3.39, -5.84) lower in the third trimester when PRPB was fixed at the 75th percentile compared to when PRPB was fixed at the 25th percentile. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that timing of EDC exposure within the prenatal period may impact neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. More of these varying effects were identified among females. Future research is needed to explore EDC mixtures and the timing of exposure during pregnancy to enhance our understanding of how these chemicals impact child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Oskar
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Arin A Balalian
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeanette A Stingone
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Ladeira C, Møller P, Giovannelli L, Gajski G, Haveric A, Bankoglu EE, Azqueta A, Gerić M, Stopper H, Cabêda J, Tonin FS, Collins A. The Comet Assay as a Tool in Human Biomonitoring Studies of Environmental and Occupational Exposure to Chemicals-A Systematic Scoping Review. TOXICS 2024; 12:270. [PMID: 38668493 PMCID: PMC11054096 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Biomonitoring of human populations exposed to chemical substances that can act as potential mutagens or carcinogens, may enable the detection of damage and early disease prevention. In recent years, the comet assay has become an important tool for assessing DNA damage, both in environmental and occupational exposure contexts. To evidence the role of the comet assay in human biomonitoring, we have analysed original research studies of environmental or occupational exposure that used the comet assay in their assessments, following the PRISMA-ScR method (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews). Groups of chemicals were designated according to a broad classification, and the results obtained from over 300 original studies (n = 123 on air pollutants, n = 14 on anaesthetics, n = 18 on antineoplastic drugs, n = 57 on heavy metals, n = 59 on pesticides, and n = 49 on solvents) showed overall higher values of DNA strand breaks in the exposed subjects in comparison with the unexposed. In summary, our systematic scoping review strengthens the relevance of the use of the comet assay in assessing DNA damage in human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Ladeira
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- Department NEUROFARBA, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy;
| | - Goran Gajski
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Anja Haveric
- Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (E.E.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Marko Gerić
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; (E.E.B.); (H.S.)
| | - José Cabêda
- Guarda Nacional Republicana, Destacamento Territorial de Vila Franca de Xira, Núcleo de Proteção Ambiental, 1500-124 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Fernanda S. Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Universidad de Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Andrew Collins
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway;
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Jeon JS, Cho G, Kim S, Riu M, Song J. Actinomycetota, a central constituent microbe during long-term exposure to diazinon, an organophosphorus insecticide. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 354:141583. [PMID: 38460853 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Microbial biodegradation is a primary pesticide remediation pathway. Despite diazinon is one of the most frequently used organophosphate insecticides worldwide, its effect on soil microbial community remains obscure. We hypothesize that diazinon exposure reshapes microbial community, among them increased microbes may play a crucial role in diazinon degradation. To investigate this, we collected soil from an organic farming environment, introduced diazinon, cultivated it in a greenhouse, and then assessed its effects on soil microbiomes at three distinct time points: 20, 40, and 270 days after treatment (DAT). Results from HPLC showed that the level of diazinon was gradually degraded by 98.8% at 270 DAT when compared with day zero, whereas 16S rRNA gene analysis exhibited a significant reduction in the bacterial diversity, especially at the early two time points, indicating that diazinon may exert selection pressure to the bacteria community. Here, the relative abundance of phylum Actinomycetota increased at 20 and 40 DATs. In addition, the bacterial functional gene profile employing PICRUSt2 prediction also revealed that diazinon exposure induced the genomic function related to xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism in soil, such as CYB5B, hpaC, acrR, and ppkA. To validate if bacterial function is caused by increased relative abundance in diazinon enriched soil, further bacteria isolation resulted in obtaining 25 diazinon degradation strains out of 103 isolates. Notably, more than 70% (18 out of 25) isolates are identified as phylum Actinomycetota, which empirically confirms and correlates microbiome and PICRUSt2 results. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive information from microbiome analysis to obtaining several bacteria isolates responsible for diazinon degradation, revealing that the phylum Actinomycetota is as a key taxon that facilitates microbial biodegradation in diazinon spoiled soil. This finding may assist in developing a strategy for microbial detoxification of diazinon, such as using an Actinomycetota rich synthetic community (SynCom).
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Seung Jeon
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea; Industrial Crop Utilization Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong, 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeongjun Cho
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhwa Kim
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungjoo Riu
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyeong Song
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
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Guo C, Wang L, Chen N, Zhang M, Jia J, Lv L, Li M. Advances in research and utilization of botanical pesticides for agricultural pest management in Inner Mongolia, China. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:248-262. [PMID: 38706822 PMCID: PMC11064588 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal medicines not only cure human diseases, but also play an important role as insecticides. Compared with conventional chemical agents, traditional Chinese herbal medicines are characterized by low toxicity, low residues, and being eco-friendly, and they have become a research hotspot. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have tremendous flexibility and indefinite potential. Therefore, this paper reviewed the types of insecticides belonging to traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia, China, including their traditional uses, secondary metabolites, biological activities, action mechanisms, application methods, and development status. In addition, the most relevant issues involved in the development of traditional Chinese herbal medicines was discussed. We believe that traditional Chinese herbal medicines can be better implemented and developed; such that its other advantages, such as an insect repellent, can be promoted. Moreover, this study lays a solid foundation for further research on traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010110, China
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Lingfei Wang
- Naiman Banner Medicinal Materials Research and Development Center, Tongliao 028300, China
| | - Namuhan Chen
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010110, China
| | | | - Junying Jia
- University Engineering Research Center of Chinese (Mongolia) Ecological Planting Medicinal Materials (Nurture) in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Lijuan Lv
- Department of Basic Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Minhui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161000, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010110, China
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot 010010, China
- Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
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Takács E, Lázár D, Siakwa A, Klátyik S, Mörtl M, Kocsányi L, Barócsi A, Lenk S, Lengyel E, Székács A. Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Safener and Antimicrobial Additives in Isoxaflutole-Based Herbicide Formulations. TOXICS 2024; 12:238. [PMID: 38668461 PMCID: PMC11055135 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The environmental load by isoxaflutole and its formulated herbicide products has increasingly become apparent because, after the ban of atrazine, isoxaflutole has become its replacement active ingredient (a.i.). Obtaining information regarding the fate of this a.i. in environmental matrices and its ecotoxicological effects on aquatic organisms is essential for the risk assessment of the herbicide. In this study, the effects of Merlin Flexx- and Merlin WG75 formulated isoxaflutole-based herbicide products and two selected additives (cyprosulfamide safener and 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one antimicrobial agent) were investigated on Raphidocelis subcapitata in growth inhibition assays. In ecotoxicological tests, two conventional (optical density and chlorophyll-a content) and two induced fluorescence-based (Fv*/Fp: efficiency of the photosystem PSII and Rfd* changes in the observed ratio of fluorescence decrease) endpoints were determined by UV-spectrophotometer and by our FluoroMeter Module, respectively. Furthermore, dissipation of isoxaflutole alone and in its formulated products was examined by an HPLC-UV method. In ecotoxicological assays, the fluorescence-based Rfd* was observed as the most sensitive endpoint. In this study, the effects of the safener cyprosulfamide and the antimicrobial agent 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one on R. subcapitata is firstly reported. The results indicated that the isoxaflutole-equivalent toxicity of the mixture of the isoxaflutole-safener-antimicrobial agent triggered lower toxicity (EC50 = 2.81 ± 0.22 mg/L) compared to the individual effect of the a.i. (EC50 = 0.02 ± 0.00 mg/L). The Merlin Flexx formulation (EC50 = 27.04 ± 1.41 mg/L) was found to be approximately 50-fold less toxic than Merlin WG75, which can be explained by the different chemical characteristics and quantity of additives in them. The additives influenced the dissipation of the a.i. in Z8 medium, as the DT50 value decreased by approximately 1.2- and 3.5-fold under light and dark conditions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Takács
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Diána Lázár
- Limnology Research Group, Center of Natural Science, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10., H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; (D.L.); (E.L.)
- Aquatic Botany and Microbial Ecology Research Group, HUN-REN-BLKI, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Augustine Siakwa
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Szandra Klátyik
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Mária Mörtl
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (A.S.)
| | - László Kocsányi
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; (L.K.); (A.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Attila Barócsi
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; (L.K.); (A.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Sándor Lenk
- Department of Atomic Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary; (L.K.); (A.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Edina Lengyel
- Limnology Research Group, Center of Natural Science, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10., H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; (D.L.); (E.L.)
- Limnoecology Research Group, ELKH-PE, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - András Székács
- Agro-Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly u. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary; (A.S.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (A.S.)
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Flores N, Prado J, Espin R, Rodríguez H, Pais-Chanfrau JM. Laboratory evaluation of a bio-insecticide candidate from tangerine peel extracts against Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). PeerJ 2024; 12:e16885. [PMID: 38525279 PMCID: PMC10959105 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The excessive use of synthetic insecticides in modern agriculture has led to environmental contamination and the development of insect resistance. Also, the prolonged use of chemical insecticides in producing flowers and tomatoes in greenhouses has caused health problems for workers and their offspring. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of mandarin peel (Citrus reticulata L.) essential oil (EO) as a natural insecticide against greenhouse whitefly (Trieurodes vaporariorum W., Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), a common pest in greenhouse production of different crops. Methods Petroleum ether (PET) and n-hexane (HEX) were used as solvents to extract essential oil (EO) from tangerine peels. Results The yield of EO was 1.59% and 2.00% (m/m) for PET and HEX, respectively. Additionally, the insect-killing power of EO was tested by checking how many greenhouse whiteflies died at different times. The results showed that PET and HEX extracts of tangerine EO effectively controlled greenhouse whiteflies. Furthermore, with both solvents, a 12.5% (v/v) application was as practical as the commercial insecticide imidacloprid. Further characterization tests with the polarimeter, FTIR, HPLC-RP, and GC-MS showed that the essential oil (EO) contained about 41% (v/v) of d-limonene and that this compound may be responsible for the observed insecticidal properties. Conclusion Therefore, tangerine peel essential oil is an excellent botanical insecticide candidate for controlling greenhouse whiteflies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Prado
- FICAYA/Carrera de Agroindustria, Universidad Técnica del Norte (UTN), Ibarra, Imbabura, Ecuador
| | - Rosario Espin
- FICAYA/Carrera de Agroindustria, Universidad Técnica del Norte (UTN), Ibarra, Imbabura, Ecuador
| | - Hortensia Rodríguez
- School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí, Imbabura, Ecuador
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Yar A, Ansari TM, Rehman F, Raza A, Riaz U, Iqbal R, Al-Mohaimeed AM, Al-Onazi WA, Rizwan M. Simultaneous determination of bromoxynil and MCPA in commercial samples and raw materials using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. BMC Chem 2024; 18:53. [PMID: 38493163 PMCID: PMC10943769 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study encompasses a quick, efficient, repeatable and reproducible analytical method for simultaneous determination of Bromoxynil (3, 5-Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) and MCPA (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) using RP-HPLC with UV-Detector. Bromoxynil + MCPA is one of the most selective post emergent herbicide formulations for the control of important broad leaf weeds infesting small grains (wheat, barley, oats, rye), conservation reserve program areas and grass grown for seed. Optimum weed control is achieved when Bromoxynil + MCPA is applied to actively growing weed seedlings. So, a simple, repeatable, reproducible and efficient simultaneous analytical method was developed for Bromoxynil + MCPA. The developed method was applied for the detection and quantitation of these pesticides in formulations and raw materials with excellent recoveries. It was validated according to ICH Guidelines with excellent linearity R2 = 0.992 for Bromoxynil and 0.998 for MCPA. For Bromoxynil, LOD = 1.57 mg/L and LOQ = 5.22 mg/L while for MCPA the LOD = 1.08 mg/L and LOQ = 3.62 mg/L was found. The proposed method has shown high precision (RSD %) 0.06% and 0.11% for Bromoxynil and MCPA respectively while the trueness has been calculated in terms of recovery percentage obtained as "mean value of Bromoxynil 99.53% and MCPA 100.10%" which is excellent under optimized conditions. For repeatability and reproducibility, five replicate readings of standard and sample were taken and had found within acceptable limits of relative standard deviation (RSD ≤ ± 2%). Finally, the robustness of the developed method was determined by changing flow rate and mobile phase ratios that has found within the permissible limits (% RSD NMT 1.5). So, the proposed analytical method has found to be more precise, valid and accurate at commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Yar
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 68000, Pakistan.
| | - Tariq Mahmood Ansari
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 68000, Pakistan
| | - Faariah Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 68000, Pakistan
| | - Asad Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Post Graduate College Civil Lines, Multan, Punjab, 68000, Pakistan
| | - Umair Riaz
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan.
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahwalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Amal M Al-Mohaimeed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedad A Al-Onazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Kaur R, Choudhary D, Bali S, Bandral SS, Singh V, Ahmad MA, Rani N, Singh TG, Chandrasekaran B. Pesticides: An alarming detrimental to health and environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170113. [PMID: 38232846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are chemical substances of natural or synthetic origin that are used to eradicate pests and insects. These are indispensable in the agricultural processes for better crop production. Pesticide use aims to promote crop yield and protect the crops from diseases and damage. Pesticides must be handled carefully and disposed of appropriately because they are dangerous to people and other species by default. Environmental pollution occurs when pesticide contamination spreads away from the intended plants. Older pesticides such as lindane and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) may remain in water and soil for a longer time. These accumulate in various parts of the food chain and cause damage to the ecosystem. Biological techniques in the management of pest control such as importation, augmentation, and conservation, and the accompanying procedures are more efficient, less expensive, and ecologically sound than other ways. This review mainly focuses on the consequences on the targeted and non-targeted organisms including the health and well-being of humans by the use of pesticides and their toxicity. The side effects that occur when a pesticide's LD50 exceeds the accepted limit through oral or skin penetration due to their binding to various receptors such as estrogen receptors, GABA, EGFR, and others. These pesticide classes include carbamates, pyrethroids, organochlorides, organophosphorus, and others. The current study seeks to highlight the urgent requirement for a novel agricultural concept that includes a major reduction in the use of chemical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajwinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India.
| | - Diksha Choudhary
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Samriddhi Bali
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | | | - Varinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Md Altamash Ahmad
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Nidhi Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
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Nguyen TNM, Choo A, Baxter SW. Conservation of shibire and RpII215 temperature-sensitive lethal mutations between Drosophila and Bactrocera tryoni. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 4:1249103. [PMID: 38469341 PMCID: PMC10926519 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1249103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The sterile insect technique can suppress and eliminate population outbreaks of the Australian horticultural pest, Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly. Sterile males mate with wild females that produce inviable embryos, causing population suppression or elimination. Current sterile insect releases are mixed sex, as the efficient removal of unrequired factory-reared females is not yet possible. In this paper, we assessed the known Drosophila melanogaster temperature-sensitive embryonic lethal alleles shibire (G268D, shits1) and RNA polymerase II 215 (R977C, RpII215ts) for potential use in developing B. tryoni genetic sexing strains (GSS) for the conditional removal of females. Complementation tests in D. melanogaster wild-type or temperature-sensitive genetic backgrounds were performed using the GAL4-UAS transgene expression system. A B. tryoni wild-type shibire isoform partially rescued Drosophila temperature lethality at 29°C by improving survivorship to pupation, while expressing B. tryoni shits1 failed to rescue the lethality, supporting a temperature-sensitive phenotype. Expression of the B. tryoni RpII215 wild-type protein rescued the lethality of D. melanogaster RpII215ts flies at 29°C. Overexpressing the B. tryoni RpII215ts allele in the D. melanogaster wild-type background unexpectedly produced a dominant lethal phenotype at 29°C. The B. tryoni shibire and RpII215 wild-type alleles were able to compensate, to varying degrees, for the function of the D. melanogaster temperature-sensitive proteins, supporting functional conservation across species. Shibire and RpII215 hold potential for developing insect strains that can selectively kill using elevated temperatures; however, alleles with milder effects than shits1 will need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu N. M. Nguyen
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amanda Choo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Simon W. Baxter
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Sanyal S, Vemula PK, Law S. Investigating the therapeutic potential of Allium cepa extract in combating pesticide exposure induced ocular damage. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109816. [PMID: 38309514 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The ocular surface is subject to a range of potentially hazardous environmental factors and substances, owing to its anatomical location, sensitivity, and physiological makeup. Xenobiotic stress exerted by chronic pesticide exposure on the cornea is primarily responsible for ocular irritation, excessive tear production (hyper-lacrimation), corneal abrasions and decreased visual acuity. Traditional medicine hails the humble onion (Allium cepa) for its multi-faceted properties including but not limited to anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing. However, there is a lacuna regarding its impact on the ocular surface. Thereby, the current study investigated whether topical application of crude extract of Allium cepa aided in mitigating pesticide-induced damage to the ocular surface. The deleterious effects of pesticide exposure and their mitigation through the topical application of herbal extract of Allium cepa were analysed initially through in vitro evaluation on cell lines and then on the ocular surface via various in-vivo and ex-vivo techniques. Pathophysiological alterations to the ocular surface that impacted vision were explored through detailed neurophysiological screening with special emphasis on visual acuity wherein it was observed that the murine group treated with topical application of Allium cepa extract had comparable visual capacity to the non-pesticide exposed group. Additionally, SOD2 was utilized as an oxidative stress marker along with the expression of cellular apoptotic markers such as Bcl-xL to analyse the impact of pesticide exposure and subsequent herbal intervention on oxidative stress-induced corneal damage. The impact on the corneal epithelial progenitor cell population (ABCG2 and TERT positive cells) was also flowcytometrically analysed. Therefore, from our observations, it can be postulated that the topical application of Allium cepa extract might serve as an effective strategy to alleviate pesticide exposure related ocular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Sanyal
- Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India; Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sujata Law
- Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India; Brainware University, Kolkata, India.
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Scorza FA, Finsterer J, Beltramim L, Bombardi LM, de Almeida ACG. Telomere Length and Pesticide Residues in Food: A Causal Link? J Acad Nutr Diet 2024; 124:311-312. [PMID: 37924942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio A Scorza
- Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar São Paulo, Brasil; Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Larissa Beltramim
- Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Larissa M Bombardi
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas. Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Antonio-Carlos G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociência Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei City, São Paulo, Brasil
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35
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Kumar A, Ojha PK, Roy K. First report on pesticide sub-chronic and chronic toxicities against dogs using QSAR and chemical read-across. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 35:241-263. [PMID: 38390626 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2024.2320143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Excessive use of chemicals is the outcome of the industrialization of agricultural sectors which leads to disturbance of ecological balance. Various agrochemicals are widely used in agricultural fields, urban green areas, and to protect from various pest-associated diseases. Due to their long-term health and environmental hazards, chronic toxicity assessment is crucial. Since in vivo and in vitro toxicity assessments are costly, lengthy, and require a large number of animal experiments, in silico toxicity approaches are better alternatives to save time, cost, and animal experimentation. We have developed the first regression-based 2D-QSAR models using different sub-chronic and chronic toxicity data of pesticides against dogs employing 2D descriptors. From the statistical results (n train = 53 - 62 , r 2 = 0.614 to 0.754, Q L O O 2 = 0.501 to 0.703 and Q F 1 2 = 0.531 to 0.718, Q F 2 2 = 0.523 - 0.713 ), it was concluded that the models are robust, reliable, interpretable, and predictive. Similarity-based read-across algorithm was also used to improve the predictivity (Q F 1 2 = 0.595 - 0.813 , Q F 2 2 = 0.573 - 0.809 ) of the models. 5132 chemicals obtained from the CPDat and 1694 pesticides obtained from the PPDB database were also screened using the developed models, and their predictivity and reliability were checked. Thus, these models will be helpful for eco-toxicological data-gap filling, toxicity prediction of untested pesticides, and development of novel, safer & eco-friendly pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - P K Ojha
- Drug Discovery and Development Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - K Roy
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics (DTC) Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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36
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Finsterer J, Beltramim L, Bombardi LM, de Almeida ACG, Scorza FA. Keep your eyes healthy: eat organic food. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae007. [PMID: 38330297 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This letter is a comment on the 2023 article entitled "Effect of xanthophyll-rich food and supplement intake on visual outcomes in healthy adults and those with eye disease: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials," recently published in Nutrition Reviews, by Hu et al.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larissa Beltramim
- Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Bombardi
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio-Carlos G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociência Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fulvio A Scorza
- Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar, São Paulo, Brazil
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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37
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Scorza FA, Bombardi LM, de Almeida ACG, Finsterer J. Hypertension: the dramatic rise in dangerous pesticides found on fruits and vegetables. J Hypertens 2024; 42:381-382. [PMID: 38165056 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio A Scorza
- Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar (MDA)
- Disciplina de Neurociência, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP)
| | - Larissa M Bombardi
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
| | - Antonio-Carlos G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociência Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São Paulo, Brazil
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de Oliveira JL, Gómez I, Sánchez J, Soberón M, Polanczyk RA, Bravo A. Performance insights into spray-dryer microencapsulated Bacillus thuringiensis cry pesticidal proteins with gum arabic and maltodextrin for effective pest control. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:181. [PMID: 38285209 PMCID: PMC10824793 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces crystals composed mainly of Cry pesticidal proteins with insecticidal activity against pests but are highly susceptible to degradation by abiotic factors. In this sense, encapsulation techniques are designed to improve their performance and lifetime. However, the effects of polymeric matrix encapsulation such as gum arabic and maltodextrin by spray-dryer in the mechanisms of action of Bt kurstaki and Bt aizawai are unknown. We analyzed crystal solubilization, protoxin activation, and receptor binding after microencapsulation and compared them with commercial non-encapsulated products. Microencapsulation did not alter protein crystal solubilization, providing 130 kDa (Cry1 protoxin) and 70 kDa (Cry2 protoxin). Activation with trypsin, chymotrypsin, and larval midgut juice was analyzed, showing that this step is highly efficient, and the protoxins were cleaved producing similar ~ 55 to 65 kDa activated proteins for both formulations. Binding assays with brush border membrane vesicles of Manduca sexta and Spodoptera frugiperda larvae provided a similar binding for both formulations. LC50 bioassays showed no significant differences between treatments but the microencapsulated treatment provided higher mortality against S. frugiperda when subjected to UV radiation. Microencapsulation did not affect the mechanism of action of Cry pesticidal proteins while enhancing protection against UV radiation. These data will contribute to the development of more efficient Bt biopesticide formulations. KEY POINTS: • Microencapsulation did not affect the mechanisms of action of Cry pesticidal proteins produced by Bt. • Microencapsulation provided protection against UV radiation for Bt-based biopesticides. • The study's findings can contribute to the development of more efficient Bt biopesticide formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhones Luiz de Oliveira
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Isabel Gómez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Sánchez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mario Soberón
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk
- Department of Agricultural Production Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Alejandra Bravo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Ezzine A, Ben Hadj Mohamed S, Bezzine S, Aoudi Y, Hajlaoui MR, Baciou L, Smaali I. Improved Expression of a Thermostable GH18 Bacterial Chitinase in Two Different Escherichia coli Strains and Its Potential Use in Plant Protection and Biocontrol of Phytopathogenic Fungi. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-023-01041-1. [PMID: 38265740 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Chitinases are enzymes that can break down chitin, a major component of the exoskeleton of insects and fungi. This feature makes them potential biopesticides in agriculture since they are considered a safe and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. In this work, we performed a comparative study between two different bacterial expression strains to produce a recombinant chitinase with improved stability. Escherichia coli strains Origami B and BL21 (DE3) were selected for their distinct cytosolic environment to express BhChitA chitinase of Bacillus halodurans C-125 and to investigate the role of disulfide bond formation and proper folding on its stability and activity. Expression of the recombinant BhChitA in bacterial strain containing oxidative cytosol (Origami B) improved its activity and stability. Although both expression systems have comparable biochemical properties (temperature range 20-80 °C and pH spectrum 3-10), BhChitA expressed in Origami strain seems more stable than expressed in BL21. Furthermore, the optimal expression conditions of the recombinant BhChitA has been carried out at 30 °C during 6 h for the Origami strain, against 20 °C during 2 h for BL21. On the other hand, no significant differences were detected between the two enzymes when the effect of metal ions was tested. These findings correlate with the analysis of the overall structure of BhChitA. The model structure permitted to localize disulfide bond, which form a stable connection between the substrate-binding residues and the hydrophobic core. This link is required for efficient binding of the chitin insertion domain to the substrate. BhChitA exhibited in vitro antifungal effect against phytopathogenic fungi and suppressed necrosis of Botrytis cinerea on detached tomato leaves. In vitro assays showed the influence of BhChitA on growth suppression of Botrytis cinerea (53%) Aspergillus niger (65%), Fusarium graminearum (25%), and Fusarium oxysporum (34%). Our results highlight the importance of the bacterial expression system with oxidative cytosol in producing promising biopesticides that can be applied for post-harvest processing and crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Ezzine
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia.
- Higher Institute of Preparatory Studies in Biology and Geology (ISEP-BG), 49 Avenue 13 Août, Choutrana II, 2036, Soukra, Tunisia.
| | - Safa Ben Hadj Mohamed
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
| | - Sofiane Bezzine
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Preparatory Studies in Biology and Geology (ISEP-BG), 49 Avenue 13 Août, Choutrana II, 2036, Soukra, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Aoudi
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
- Department of Biological Production Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, 183-8509, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Mohamed Rabeh Hajlaoui
- National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRAT), Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, 1004, El Menzah, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Laura Baciou
- Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Issam Smaali
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
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40
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Fletcher J, Noghanibehambari H. The Siren Song of Cicadas: Early-Life Pesticide Exposure and Later-Life Male Mortality. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 123:102903. [PMID: 38222798 PMCID: PMC10785703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This paper studies the long-term effects of in-utero and early-life exposure to pesticide use on adulthood and old-age longevity. We use the cyclical emergence of cicadas in the eastern half of the United States as a shock that raises the pesticide use among tree crop growing farmlands. We implement a difference-in-difference framework and employ Social Security Administration death records over the years 1975-2005 linked to the complete count 1940 census. We find that males born in top-quartile tree-crop counties and exposed to a cicada event during fetal development and early-life live roughly 2.2 months shorted lives; those with direct farm exposure face a reduction of nearly a year. We provide empirical evidence to examine mortality selection before adulthood, endogenous fertility, and differential data linkage rates. Additional analyses suggests that reductions in education and income during adulthood are potential mechanisms of impact. Our findings add to our understanding of the relevance of early-life insults for old-age health and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Fletcher
- La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1225 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1211, USA
| | - Hamid Noghanibehambari
- College of Business, Austin Peay State University, Marion St, Clarksville, TN 37040, USA
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Almutiriy RS, Alnajeebi AM, Elhalwagy MEA, Thabet OA, Alenzi FK, Aljadani MM. Investigation of pesticide residues level on commonly consumed leafy vegetables picked from the central market in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6232-6242. [PMID: 38147241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31694-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the presence of pesticide residues in a variety of commonly consumed leafy vegetables, including Grape leaves, Lettuce, Arugula, Spinach, Purslane, Ocimum, Parsley, Jew's mallow, Celery, Coriander, and Mint. A total of 100 samples were collected from the Central Market of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Our methodology involved employing the Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction method in combination with Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to analyze a comprehensive database of 237 distinct pesticides. The range for limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 0.0001 to 0.0014 mg. Kg-1 and 0.0010 to 0.0064 mg. Kg-1 for tested pesticides, respectively. The recoveries were in the range of 70-172.9%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 19.0% for all tested pesticides. The results revealed that 60% of the analyzed samples were free from pesticide residues, while 40% exhibited contamination with 17 different pesticide residues. Notably, the most prevalent pesticide detected was Triallate in the Ocimum samples, followed by Metalaxyl in Grape leaves, Mint, and Spinach, and Methomyl in Celery. Approximately 45% of the samples contained pesticide residues that fell below or were equal to the European Union Maximum Residue Levels (EU MRLs), while the remaining 55% exceeded these MRLs. Remarkably, high pesticide concentrations were observed in all Ocimum samples (Triallate, Pyridaben, Hexythiazox, Imidacloprid), 67% of Grape leaves (Metalaxyl, Azoxystrobin, Difenoconazole Isomer), and 40% of Celery (Azoxystrobin, Methomyl). In conclusion, this study sheds light on the contamination levels of commonly consumed domestically produced and purchased leafy vegetables in the Central Market of Jeddah. To ensure food safety and the well-being of consumers, we strongly recommend enhanced scientific assessments and continued monitoring of pesticide usage in agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan S Almutiriy
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Afnan M Alnajeebi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal E A Elhalwagy
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Thabet
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad K Alenzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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42
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Pekas A, Mazzoni V, Appel H, Cocroft R, Dicke M. Plant protection and biotremology: fundamental and applied aspects. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:32-39. [PMID: 37563025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
There is overwhelming evidence that synthetic pesticides have a negative impact on the environment and human health, emphasizing the need for novel and sustainable methods for plant protection. A growing body of literature reports that plants interact through substrate-borne vibrations with arthropod pests and mutualistic arthropods that provide biological control and pollination services. Here, we propose a new theoretical framework that integrates insights from biological control, the ecology of fear, and plant-borne vibrations, to address plant-insect interactions and explore new, sustainable opportunities to improve plant health and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valerio Mazzoni
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, via Mach 1, S. Michele all'Adige 38010, TN, Italy
| | - Heidi Appel
- University of Houston, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Science & Research Building 2, 3455 Cullen Blvd, Room 342, Houston, TX 77204-5001, USA
| | - Reginald Cocroft
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, NL-6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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43
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Mayora G, Sagardoy ME, Repetti MR, Paira A, Frau D, Gutierrez MF. Spatiotemporal patterns of multiple pesticide residues in central Argentina streams. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167014. [PMID: 37716677 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of surface waters is a global threat, with particular concern about pesticides due to their severe negative effects on ecosystem functioning and human health. The aims of this study were to identify the spatiotemporal patterns of water and sediment quality, and the key variables related to the variation in pesticide pollution (122 compounds), in headwater streams (surrounding land uses: crop or mixed crop-livestock systems) and floodplain streams (surrounding land uses: urban development or natural wetland) of the Paraná River basin in the central area of Argentina. We found significant differences in water and sediment quality related to local land uses among headwater streams, but not among floodplain streams. These differences were more noticeable during spring than during autumn. Pesticides were widespread in all the streams, independently of the surrounding land use, reflecting the combination of local inputs and the role of floodplain hydrological connectivity in transporting pollutants from upstream sources. The most frequently detected compound was atrazine (75 %), whereas the highest concentration of an individual compound was observed for the glyphosate metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA, up to 4 μg L-1). The significant explanatory variables for pesticide pollution were turbidity, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), sub-basin area, side slope of streams (positive relations), wetland cover, and precipitations (negative relations). Our results can be useful for the design of monitoring programs that capture the spatial and temporal variability of pesticide pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Mayora
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología (FCyT-UADER), Ruta Provincial 11 km 10,5, C.P. E3100 Oro Verde, Argentina.
| | - María Emilia Sagardoy
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Rosa Repetti
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química (FIQ-UNL), Santiago del Estero 2829, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Aldo Paira
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas (FICH-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diego Frau
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Gutierrez
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramón Carrillo" (ESS-FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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44
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Abrams SA, Albin JL, Landrigan PJ. Use of Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)-Containing Food Products in Children. Pediatrics 2024; 153:e2023064774. [PMID: 38073334 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-064774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Families increasingly raise questions about the use of genetically modified organism (GMO)-containing food products. These products are widely found in the US food supply but originate from a narrow list of crops. Although GMO technology could be used to increase the micronutrient content of foods, this does not occur in the United States; instead, GMO technology has been used to make crops resistant to chemical herbicides. As a result, herbicide use has increased exponentially. The World Health Organization's International Agency on Research for Cancer has determined that glyphosate, an herbicide widely used in producing GMO food crops, is a probable human carcinogen. Measurable quantities of glyphosate are detected in some GMO foods. Families who wish to minimize GMO food products can do so by focusing on a dietary pattern of primarily whole, plant-based foods while minimizing ultra-processed foods. Pediatricians play a vital role in their efforts to minimize fear-based messaging and support families through shared decision-making. Pediatrician awareness of GMO labeling can guide individualized conversations, particularly that non-GMO labeling does not indicate organic status and that increased cost of some non-GMO foods, especially if also organic, may limit this choice for many families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Abrams
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
| | - Jaclyn Lewis Albin
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Philip J Landrigan
- Department of Biology and Program for Global Public Health and the Common Good, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco
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Yan T, Hu C, Que Y, Song Y, Lu D, Gu J, Ren Y, He J. Chitosan coating enriched with biosynthetic CuO NPs: Effects on postharvest decay and quality of mango fruit. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126668. [PMID: 37660851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
A chitosan-based nanocomposite film (CSC) was developed by mixing chitosan (CS, 2 %, v/v) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs, 500 μg∙mL-1) synthesized using Alpinia officinarum extract for the safe storage of mango fruit. The effects of CuO NPs on the morphological, mechanical, thermal, physical and antifungal properties of the CS films and postharvest quality of mango fruit were determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed that CuO NPs were uniformly dispersed into the CS matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) profiles showed that intermolecular H-bondings occurred between CS and CuO NPs, accompanied by decreased crystallinity and increased amorphous structure. In comparison to the pure CS film, addition of CuO NPs obviously improved the morphological, mechanical, thermal, physical and antifungal properties of CSC film. CSC coating treatment obviously delayed the fruit decay and yellowing, as well as reduced losses of weight and firmness of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit during the storage, when compared with the control and CS coating treatment. Meanwhile, it significantly decreased the respiration rate and ethylene generation and maintained high level of ascorbic acid (AsA), titratable acid (TA) and soluble sugar content (SSC) of the fruit during the storage. Notably, Cu presented in the CSC film was restrained to the peel, indicating that the CSC coated mango fruit had good edible safety. Principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that CSC coating played a positive role in mango preservation. Therefore, CSC coating can be considered a potential application for successfully controlling of postharvest disease and prolonging the shelf life for mango fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyu Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Que
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junyu He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China.
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Zaid DS, Li W, Yang S, Li Y. Identification of bioactive compounds of Bacillus velezensis HNA3 that contribute to its dual effects as plant growth promoter and biocontrol against post-harvested fungi. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0051923. [PMID: 37811935 PMCID: PMC10715170 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00519-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The current study is an extension to our previous work on the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus velezensis HNA3 strain, which comes to confirm and reveals the huge stock of active secondary metabolites produced by HNA3. HNA3-emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have demonstrated the capacity to impede the growth of phytopathogens affecting some fruits and vegetables, even in the absence of direct contact. Additionally, these volatiles enhanced soybean seed germination by breaking seed dormancy and inducing root system development. Furthermore, they promoted seedling growth, giving it prominence in soybean cultivation. The relevance of active volatiles derives from the fact that they can be developed as natural-safe biocontrol agents and plant promoters. This research validates the remarkable bioactivities exhibited by the Bacillus velezensis HNA3 and their potential applications in agriculture as an inoculant, encompassing biocontrol, plant growth promotion, and seed germination activities, thereby offering a safer alternative to hazardous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa S. Zaid
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Desert Research Center, Ain Shams, Egypt
| | - Wenya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Youguo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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47
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Mohd Ghazi R, Nik Yusoff NR, Abdul Halim NS, Wahab IRA, Ab Latif N, Hasmoni SH, Ahmad Zaini MA, Zakaria ZA. Health effects of herbicides and its current removal strategies. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2259526. [PMID: 37747278 PMCID: PMC10761135 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2259526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The continually expanding global population has necessitated increased food supply production. Thus, agricultural intensification has been required to keep up with food supply demand, resulting in a sharp rise in pesticide use. The pesticide aids in the prevention of potential losses caused by pests, plant pathogens, and weeds, but excessive use over time has accumulated its occurrence in the environment and subsequently rendered it one of the emerging contaminants of concern. This review highlights the sources and classification of herbicides and their fate in the environment, with a special focus on the effects on human health and methods to remove herbicides. The human health impacts discussion was in relation to toxic effects, cell disruption, carcinogenic impacts, negative fertility effects, and neurological impacts. The removal treatments described herein include physicochemical, biological, and chemical treatment approaches, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Also, alternative, green, and sustainable treatment options were discussed to shed insight into effective treatment technologies for herbicides. To conclude, this review serves as a stepping stone to a better environment with herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi
- Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan - Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Raihan Nik Yusoff
- Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan - Jeli Campus, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Nurzila Ab Latif
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Halimah Hasmoni
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zainul Akmar Zakaria
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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de Araujo LG, Zordan DF, Celzard A, Fierro V. Glyphosate uses, adverse effects and alternatives: focus on the current scenario in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9559-9582. [PMID: 37776469 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01763-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Brazil, a global frontrunner in pesticide consumption and sales, particularly glyphosate, appears to be at odds with other countries that increasingly ban these products in their territories. This study gathers the values of Acceptable Daily Intake and Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) in the European Union for dozens of substances and subsequently contrasts them with the corresponding benchmarks upheld in Brazil concerning its predominant crops. Furthermore, this study delves into the toxicity levels and the potential health ramifications of glyphosate on humans through the ingestion of food containing its residues. The findings from this research underscore a notable surge in glyphosate and pesticide sales and usage within Brazil over the past decade. In stark contrast to its European counterparts, Brazil not only sanctioned the sale and application of 474 new pesticides in 2019, but extended the authorization for glyphosate sales while downgrading its toxicity classification. Finally, this review not only uncovers disparities among research outcomes but also addresses the complexities of replacing glyphosate and introduces environmentally friendlier alternatives that have been subject to evaluation in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alain Celzard
- Institut Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, Epinal, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Fierro
- Institut Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, Epinal, France.
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Tomita S, Kuroda K, Narihiro T. A small step to discover candidate biological control agents from preexisting bioresources by using novel nonribosomal peptide synthetases hidden in activated sludge metagenomes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294843. [PMID: 38011171 PMCID: PMC10681181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological control agents (BCAs), beneficial organisms that reduce the incidence or severity of plant disease, have been expected to be alternatives to replace chemical pesticides worldwide. To date, BCAs have been screened by culture-dependent methods from various environments. However, previously unknown BCA candidates may be buried and overlooked because this approach preferentially selects only easy-to-culture microbial lineages. To overcome this limitation, as a small-scale test case, we attempted to explore novel BCA candidates by employing the shotgun metagenomic information of the activated sludge (AS) microbiome, which is thought to contain unutilized biological resources. We first performed genome-resolved metagenomics for AS taken from a municipal sewage treatment plant and obtained 97 nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)/polyketide synthase (PKS)-related gene sequences from 43 metagenomic assembled bins, most of which were assigned to the phyla Proteobacteria and Myxococcota. Furthermore, these NRPS/PKS-related genes are predicted to be novel because they were genetically dissimilar to known NRPS/PKS gene clusters. Of these, the condensation domain of the syringomycin-related NRPS gene cluster was detected in Rhodoferax- and Rhodocyclaceae-related bins, and its homolog was found in previously reported AS metagenomes as well as the genomes of three strains available from the microbial culture collections, implying their potential BCA ability. Then, we tested the antimicrobial activity of these strains against phytopathogenic fungi to investigate the potential ability of BCA by in vitro cultivation and successfully confirmed the actual antifungal activity of three strains harboring a possibly novel NRPS gene cluster. Our findings provide a possible strategy for discovering novel BCAs buried in the environment using genome-resolved metagenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tomita
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kuroda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Narihiro
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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50
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Bhatnagar S, Kumari R, Kaur I. Seaweed and a biocontrol agent and their effects on the growth and production of Brassica juncea: a sustainable approach. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:16. [PMID: 37978090 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemical fertilizers are crucial for increasing agricultural growth and productivity, but inorganic fertilizers can negatively impact agricultural systems. To address this issue, sustainable techniques like organic farming are being developed, which improve soil quality and nutritional status while preserving human safety. In the Botanical Garden, of Department of Botany at the University of Delhi, India, experiments on Brassica juncea were carried out over a three-year period in six micro plots, each measuring 10 square meters. Vermicompost (V), Sargassum johnstoni (S), NPK (N), Trichoderma viride (T), and Sargassum + Trichoderma viride were five distinct organic combinations that were used to replenish the garden soil (ST). The aim of the study was to assess the effects of organic fertilizers and compare the results with commercially available chemical fertilizers (NPK) on Brassica growth and yield. The study found that soil modified with seaweed fertilizers significantly improved the morphological, reproductive, and biochemical properties of plants. Sargassum + Trichoderma soil amendment led to early flowering and fruiting, better-quality produce, and a low incidence of fungal infection and aphid infestation. This study reveals a new cost-effective method for crop development and production sustainability, benefiting both farmers and environmentalists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental Studies, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110026, India
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Khalsa College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Reeta Kumari
- Department of Environmental Studies, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110026, India.
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India.
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Khalsa College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Inderdeep Kaur
- Department of Environmental Studies, Shyama Prasad Mukherji College for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110026, India
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110078, India
- Department of Botany, Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Khalsa College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
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