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Wanja DW, Mbindyo CM, Mbuthia PG, Bebora LC, Aboge GO. Molecular Detection of Virulence-Associated Markers in Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni Isolates From Water, Cattle, and Chicken Faecal Samples From Kajiado County, Kenya. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:4631351. [PMID: 39166218 PMCID: PMC11335418 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4631351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Campylobacter is a zoonotic foodborne pathogen that is often linked with gastroenteritis and other extraintestinal infections in humans. This study is aimed at determining the genetic determinants of virulence-encoding genes responsible for flagellin motility protein A (flaA), Campylobacter adhesion to fibronectin F (cadF), Campylobacter invasion antigen B (ciaB) and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) A (cdtA) in Campylobacter species. A total of 29 Campylobacter coli isolates (16 from cattle, 9 from chicken, and 4 from water samples) and 74 Campylobacter jejuni isolates (38 from cattle, 30 from chicken, and 6 from water samples) described in an earlier study in Kajiado County, Kenya, were examined for the occurrence of virulence-associated genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplicon sequencing. The correlations among virulence genes were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) method. Among the 103 Campylobacter strains screened, 89 were found to harbour a single or multiple virulence gene(s), giving an overall prevalence of 86.4%. C. jejuni strains had the highest prevalence of multivirulence at 64.9% (48/74), compared to C. coli (58.6%, 17/29). The ciaB and flaA genes were the most common virulence genes detected in C. jejuni (81.1% [60/74] and 62.2% [46/74], respectively) and in C. coli (each at 62.1%; 18/29). Campylobacter isolates from chicken harboured the most virulence-encoding genes. C. jejuni strains from chicken and cattle harboured the highest proportions of the cdtA and ciaB genes, respectively. All the C. coli strains from water samples harboured the cadF and flaA genes. The results obtained further revealed a significant positive correlation between cadF and flaA (R = 0.733). C. jejuni and C. coli strains from cattle, chicken, and water harbour virulence markers responsible for motility/colonization, invasion, adherence, and toxin production, evoking their important role in campylobacteriosis development among humans and livestock. The identification of cattle, chicken, and water samples as reservoirs of virulent Campylobacter spp. highlights the possible risk to human health. These data on some virulence genes of Campylobacter will assist food safety and public health officials in formulating policy statements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W. Wanja
- Department of Veterinary PathologyMicrobiology and ParasitologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Veterinary PathologyMicrobiology and ParasitologyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and SurgeryEgerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Christine M. Mbindyo
- Department of Veterinary PathologyMicrobiology and ParasitologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul G. Mbuthia
- Department of Veterinary PathologyMicrobiology and ParasitologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lilly C. Bebora
- Department of Veterinary PathologyMicrobiology and ParasitologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Gabriel O. Aboge
- Department of Public HealthPharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kangemi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Gharbi M, Tiss R, Hamdi C, Hamrouni S, Maaroufi A. Occurrence of Florfenicol and Linezolid Resistance and Emergence of optrA Gene in Campylobacter coli Isolates from Tunisian Avian Farms. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:1694745. [PMID: 39135629 PMCID: PMC11319055 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1694745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter species, especially C. coli and C. jejuni, have been associated with a range of human gastrointestinal diseases. During the last two decades, due to the irrational use of antibiotics in poultry farms, high rates of antimicrobial resistance have been globally reported in C. coli and C. jejuni isolates. Recently, acquired linezolid-resistance mechanisms have been reported in Campylobacter spp. isolates, which is a cause of concern to human health. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of 139 C. coli isolates previously collected from broilers (n = 41), laying hens (n = 53), eggs (n = 4), and environment (n = 41) to detect acquired genes implicated in linezolid resistance. Isolates were tested for their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay. Chloramphenicol- and linezolid-resistant isolates were subjected to PCR screening for the following genes: fexA, fexB, floR, RE-cmeABC, cfrA, and optrA. The genetic relatedness of eight multidrug-resistant isolates was determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Among the 139 C. coli isolates, high rates of resistance (57.55%-100%) were detected toward nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, azithromycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, linezolid, and kanamycin. Among 135 chloramphenicol-resistant isolates, the optrA, cfr, fexA floR, RE-cmeABC, and fexB genes were detected in 124 (124/135, 91.85%), 108 (80%), 105 (77.7%), 64 (47.4%), 56 (41, 48%), and 27 (20%) isolates, respectively. In addition, the majority of isolates harbored more than one of these genes. The selected eight isolates belonged to the same sequence type ST13450, which is a new sequence type (ST), not belonging to ST828 and ST1150 complexes. In conclusion, the emergence of optrA gene in Campylobacter spp. isolates makes this genus an optrA reservoir and vector to other pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp., which is a cause of concern for human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Gharbi
- Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology DevelopmentLaboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary MicrobiologyInstitut Pasteur de TunisUniversity of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Rihab Tiss
- Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology DevelopmentLaboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary MicrobiologyInstitut Pasteur de TunisUniversity of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Chadlia Hamdi
- Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology DevelopmentLaboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary MicrobiologyInstitut Pasteur de TunisUniversity of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Safa Hamrouni
- Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology DevelopmentLaboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary MicrobiologyInstitut Pasteur de TunisUniversity of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Abderrazak Maaroufi
- Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology DevelopmentLaboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary MicrobiologyInstitut Pasteur de TunisUniversity of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis 1002, Tunisia
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Jandl B, Dighe S, Gasche C, Makristathis A, Muttenthaler M. Intestinal biofilms: pathophysiological relevance, host defense, and therapeutic opportunities. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024:e0013323. [PMID: 38995034 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00133-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYThe human intestinal tract harbors a profound variety of microorganisms that live in symbiosis with the host and each other. It is a complex and highly dynamic environment whose homeostasis directly relates to human health. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and polymicrobial biofilms have been associated with gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancers. This review covers the molecular composition and organization of intestinal biofilms, mechanistic aspects of biofilm signaling networks for bacterial communication and behavior, and synergistic effects in polymicrobial biofilms. It further describes the clinical relevance and diseases associated with gut biofilms, the role of biofilms in antimicrobial resistance, and the intestinal host defense system and therapeutic strategies counteracting biofilms. Taken together, this review summarizes the latest knowledge and research on intestinal biofilms and their role in gut disorders and provides directions toward the development of biofilm-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Jandl
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Satish Dighe
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christoph Gasche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Loha for Life, Center for Gastroenterology and Iron Deficiency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Athanasios Makristathis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Worku M, Tessema B, Ferede G, Ochieng L, Leliso SA, Mutua F, Moodley A, Grace D, Gelaw B. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infection, determinants and antimicrobial resistance patterns among under-five children with diarrhea in Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304409. [PMID: 38959220 PMCID: PMC11221748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with under-five year age disproportionally affected with foodborne illness. Campylobacteriosis is the most common foodborne disease next to Norovirus infection. Macrolides are commonly prescribed as the first line of treatment for Campylobacter gastroenteritis, with fluoroquinolone and tetracycline as secondary options. However, resistance to these alternatives has been reported in various regions worldwide. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, associated risk-factors and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli among under-five children with diarrhea. METHODS Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2022 to April 2023. The study sites were selected using a random sampling technique, while the study subjects were included using a convenient sampling technique. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were inoculated onto modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar and incubated for 48 hours. The suspected colonies were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry to confirm the species. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a disc diffusion technique. All potential covariates (independent variables) were analyzed one by one using bivariate logistic regression model to identify candidate variables with P value < 0.25. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to identify potential associated factors using the candidate variables. A p value ≤ 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was statistically significant. RESULT Among the 428 samples, 7.0% (CI: 4.5-9.3) were confirmed Campylobacter species. The prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli among under-five children was 5.1% (CI: 3.0-7.0) and 1.9% (CI: 0.7-3.3), respectively. C. jejuni (73.3%) was dominant over C. coli (26.7%). The resident, contact with domestic animals, and parents/guardians education level were significantly associated with campylobacteriosis among under-five children. One-third of the Campylobacter isolates (33.3%, 10/30) were resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline whereas 10.0% (3/30) were resistant to erythromycin. Furthermore, 3.3% (1/30) of the Campylobacter were found to be multidrug-resistant. CONCLUSION The prevalence of Campylobacter species was 7.0%. The resistance rate of Campylobacter species of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline-resistance strains was 33.3%. Peri-urban residence, contact with domestic animals, and low parental educational statuses were significantly associated factors with increased risk of Campylobacter infection. Continuous surveillance on antimicrobial resistance and health education of personal and environmental hygiene should be implemented in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Worku
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Belay Tessema
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Getachew Ferede
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Linnet Ochieng
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Florence Mutua
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Arshnee Moodley
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Delia Grace
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
- Natural Resource Institute, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom
| | - Baye Gelaw
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Ed-Dra A, Abdallah EM, Sulieman AME, Anarghou H. Harnessing medicinal plant compounds for the control of Campylobacter in foods: a comprehensive review. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10455-4. [PMID: 38954256 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Campylobacter is a major foodborne and zoonotic pathogen, causing severe human infections and imposing a substantial economic burden on global public health. The ongoing spread and emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains across various fields exacerbate therapeutic challenges, raising the incidence of diseases and fatalities. Medicinal plants, renowned for their abundance in secondary metabolites, exhibit proven efficacy in inhibiting various foodborne and zoonotic pathogens, presenting sustainable alternatives to ensure food safety. This review aims to synthesize recent insights from peer-reviewed journals on the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter species, elucidate the in vitro antibacterial activity of medicinal plant compounds against Campylobacter by delineating underlying mechanisms, and explore the application of these compounds in controlling Campylobacter in food. Additionally, we discuss recent advancements and future prospects of employing medicinal plant compounds in food products to mitigate foodborne pathogens, particularly Campylobacter. In conclusion, we argue that medicinal plant compounds can be used as effective and sustainable sources for developing new antimicrobial alternatives to counteract the dissemination of MDR Campylobacter strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ed-Dra
- Laboratory of Engineering and Applied Technologies, Higher School of Technology, M'ghila Campus, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, 23000, Morocco.
- Team of Microbiology and Health, Laboratory of Chemistry-Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknes, 50000, Morocco.
| | - Emad M Abdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, 71800, Malaysia
| | | | - Hammou Anarghou
- Biological Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, 23000, Morocco
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Dakhla Annex, Dakhla, Morocco
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Wang L, Li F, Liu T, Ouyang C, Wang X, Li M, Huang Z, Huang J, Wang L, Wang X. Identification of a multidrug resistance genomic island harboring a nonfunctional optrA gene in Campylobacter coli of chicken origin. Vet Microbiol 2024; 293:110083. [PMID: 38593623 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Campylobacter spp., such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, are important zoonotic Gram-negative pathogens that cause acute intestinal diseases in humans. In this study, a retrospective analysis was conducted on previously collected Campylobacter isolates from antimicrobial resistance surveillance. A total of 29 optrA-positive C. coli strains were identified and subjected to second-generation sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing and single nucleotide polymorphism analyses demonstrated that the 29 optrA-positive isolates were genetically homogeneous. Notably, among the 29 isolated strains, the ΔoptrA variants exhibit a nonsense mutation at position 979 where the base C is substituted by T, leading to the formation of a premature termination codon. The alignment of sequences and genetic environmental characteristics suggested that ΔoptrA located on a chromosomally carried multidrug-resistant genomic island. There are other resistant genes on the multidrug resistance genomic island, such as aph(2'')-If, aph(3')-III, aadE, tet(O), tet(L), cat, erm(A), optrA and blaOXA-61. As a result, the 29 ΔoptrA-positive strains displayed susceptibility to both florfenicol and linezolid. The ΔoptrA gene is linked to the erm(A) gene, resulting in the formation of translocatable unit (TU) that are encompassed by two copies of IS1216 mobile elements. Multiple occurrences of similar TUs have been documented in numerous C. coli and provided evidence for the significance of TUs in facilitating the transfer of drug resistance genes in C. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fan Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ting Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chen Ouyang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meifang Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinhu Huang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liping Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Phu DH, Wongtawan T, Wintachai P, Nhung NT, Yen NTP, Carrique-Mas J, Turni C, Omaleki L, Blackall PJ, Thomrongsuwannakij T. Molecular characterization of Campylobacter spp. isolates obtained from commercial broilers and native chickens in Southern Thailand using whole genome sequencing. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103485. [PMID: 38335668 PMCID: PMC10869288 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chickens are the primary reservoirs of Campylobacter spp., mainly C. jejuni and C. coli, that cause human bacterial gastrointestinal infections. However, genomic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in low- to middle-income countries need more comprehensive exploration. This study aimed to characterize 21 C. jejuni and 5 C. coli isolates from commercial broilers and native chickens using whole genome sequencing and compare them to 28 reference Campylobacter sequences. Among the 26 isolates, 13 sequence types (ST) were identified in C. jejuni and 5 ST in C. coli. The prominent ST was ST 2274 (5 isolates, 19.2%), followed by ST 51, 460, 2409, and 6455 (2 isolates in each ST, 7.7%), while all remaining ST (464, 536, 595, 2083, 6736, 6964, 8096, 10437, 828, 872, 900, 8237, and 13540) had 1 isolate per ST (3.8%). Six types of antimicrobial resistance genes (ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-III, blaOXA, cat, erm(B), and tet(O)) and one point mutations in the gyrA gene (Threonine-86-Isoleucine) and another in the rpsL gene (Lysine-43-Arginine) were detected. The blaOXA resistance gene was present in all isolates, the gyrA mutations was in 95.2% of C. jejuni and 80.0% of C. coli, and the tet(O) resistance gene in 76.2% of C. jejuni and 80.0% of C. coli. Additionally, 203 virulence-associated genes linked to 16 virulence factors were identified. In terms of phenotypic resistance, the C. jejuni isolates were all resistant to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and nalidixic acid, with lower levels of resistance to tetracycline (76.2%), tylosin (52.3%), erythromycin (23.8%), azithromycin (22.2%), and gentamicin (11.1%). Most C. coli isolates were resistant to all tested antimicrobials, while 1 C. coli was pan-susceptible except for tylosin. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms concordance varied widely, with differences of up to 13,375 single-nucleotide polymorphisms compared to the reference Campylobacter isolates, highlighting genetic divergence among comparative genomes. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Campylobacter spp. in Thai chicken production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doan Hoang Phu
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Doctoral Program in Health Sciences, College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Tuempong Wongtawan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Nhung
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | | | - Juan Carrique-Mas
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Ha Noi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Conny Turni
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Lida Omaleki
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Patrick J Blackall
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
| | - Thotsapol Thomrongsuwannakij
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; Centre for One Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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Zhang X, Tang M, Zhou Q, Lu J, Zhang H, Tang X, Ma L, Zhang J, Chen D, Gao Y. A broad host phage, CP6, for combating multidrug-resistant Campylobacter prevalent in poultry meat. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103548. [PMID: 38442560 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is a major cause of bacterial foodborne diarrhea worldwide. Consumption of raw or undercooked chicken meat contaminated with Campylobacter is the most common causative agent of human infections. Given the high prevalence of contamination in poultry meat and the recent rise of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Campylobacter strains, an effective intervention method of reducing bird colonization is needed. In this study, the Campylobacter-specific lytic phage CP6 was isolated from chicken feces. Phage CP6 exhibited a broad host range against different MDR Campylobacter isolates (97.4% of strains were infected). Some biological characteristics were observed, such as a good pH (3-9) stability and moderate temperature tolerance (<50 ℃). The complete genome sequence revealed a linear double-stranded DNA (178,350 bp, group II Campylobacter phage) with 27.51% GC content, including 209 predicted open reading frames, among which only 54 were annotated with known functions. Phylogenetic analysis of the phage major capsid protein demonstrated that phage CP6 was closely related to Campylobacter phage CPt10, CP21, CP20, IBB35, and CP220. CP6 phage exerted good antimicrobial effects on MDR Campylobacter in vitro culture and reduced CFUs of the host cells by up to 1-log compared with the control in artificially contaminated chicken breast meat. Our findings suggested the potential of CP6 phage as a promising antimicrobial agent for combating MDR Campylobacter in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Mengjun Tang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Junxian Lu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Xiujun Tang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Yushi Gao
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China.
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Taha SM, Abd El-Aziz NK, Abdelkhalek A, Pet I, Ahmadi M, El-Nabtity SM. Chitosan-Loaded Lagenaria siceraria and Thymus vulgaris Potentiate Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Activities against Extensive Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:428. [PMID: 38671876 PMCID: PMC11047512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses considerable issues for current clinical care, so the modified use of antimicrobial agents and public health initiatives, coupled with new antimicrobial approaches, may help to minimize the impact of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in the future. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities of Lagenaria siceraria, Thymus vulgaris, and their chitosan nanocomposites against extensive drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) using both in vitro and in vivo assays. The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of P. aeruginosa and VRSA strains revealed 100% sensitivity to imipenem (100%). All P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to cefoxitin, cefepime, trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole, and fosfomycin. However, S. aureus strains showed a full resistance to cefoxitin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and fosfomycin (100% each). Interestingly, all S. aureus strains were vancomycin-resistant (MIC = 32-512 μg/mL), and 90% of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus strains were XDR. The antimicrobial potential of Lagenaria siceraria and Thymus vulgaris nanocomposites with chitosan nanoparticles demonstrated marked inhibitory activities against XDR P. aeruginosa and VRSA strains with inhibition zones' diameters up to 50 mm and MIC values ranging from 0.125 to 1 μg/mL and 1 to 8 μg/mL, respectively. The results of the in vivo approach in male Sprague Dawley rats revealed that infection with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus displayed significant changes in biochemical, hematological, and histopathological findings compared to the negative control group. These values returned to the normal range after treatment by chitosan nanoparticles, either loaded with Lagenaria siceraria or Thymus vulgaris. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) findings presented significant upregulation of the relative expression of the IL10 gene and downregulation of the IFNG gene throughout the experimental period, especially after treatment with chitosan nanoparticles loaded either with Lagenaria siceraria or Thymus vulgaris in comparison to the positive control groups. In conclusion, this is the first report suggesting the use of Lagenaria siceraria and Thymus vulgaris nanocomposites with chitosan nanoparticles as a promising contender for combating XDR P. aeruginosa and VRSA infections as well as a manager for inflammatory situations and oxidative stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selwan M Taha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Norhan K Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Adel Abdelkhalek
- Food Safety, Hygiene and Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City 11829, Egypt
| | - Ioan Pet
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioengineering of Animals Resources, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Ahmadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioengineering of Animals Resources, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sameh M El-Nabtity
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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10
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Yaseen K, Ali S, Rahman SU, Sajid MS. Comparative Molecular Virulence Typing and Antibiotic Resistance of Campylobacter Species at the Human-Animal-Environment Interface. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024. [PMID: 38394319 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study holds significant importance due to its focus on Campylobacter, the leading bacterial cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, responsible for ∼96 million cases each year. By investigating the prevalence of both Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in humans, animals, and the environment, this research sheds light on the broader impact of these pathogens, which can harm both human and animal populations. Traditional microbiological methods were implemented followed by optimized multiplex polymerase chain reaction targeting 16S rDNA and virulence gene markers by using specific primers. The findings revealed that a total of 219 Campylobacter isolates were recovered from 528 collected specimens from human, animal, and environmental sources. Campylobacter species showed a prevalence of 41.5%, with C. jejuni accounting for 53% and C. coli for 47%. Antimicrobial resistance rates were high, with tetracycline at 89%, ceftriaxone at 75%, cefotaxime at 70%, erythromycin at 69%, nalidixic acid at 54%, ciprofloxacin at 39%, and gentamicin at 23%. Commonly prevalent virulence-associated genes observed in the Campylobacter were cadF at 93%, flaA at 91%, cdtB at 88%, cheY at 86%, sodB at 78%, and iamA at 32%. The study confirmed multidrug-resistant Campylobacter prevalence at the human-animal-environment interface, harboring virulence-associated genes with potential harm to humans. Data analysis showed a nonsignificant (p ≥ 0.05) correlation between virulence genes and antibiotic susceptibility. To effectively manage Campylobacter infections, a multifaceted strategy incorporating preventative interventions at different levels is required. This strategy should take into account practicability, effectiveness, and sustainability while strengthening surveillance systems and addressing the economics of disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashaf Yaseen
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ali
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad-Ur Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Sajid
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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11
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Kreling V, Falcone FH, Herrmann F, Kemper L, Amiteye D, Cord-Landwehr S, Kehrenberg C, Moerschbacher BM, Hensel A. High molecular/low acetylated chitosans reduce adhesion of Campylobacter jejuni to host cells by blocking JlpA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:171. [PMID: 38265503 PMCID: PMC10810038 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Infections caused by Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of severe enteritis worldwide. Multifactorial prevention strategies are necessary to reduce the prevalence of Campylobacter. In particular, antiadhesive strategies with specific inhibitors of early host-pathogen interaction are promising approaches to reduce the bacterial load. An in vitro flow cytometric adhesion assay was established to study the influence of carbohydrates on the adhesion of C. jejuni to Caco-2 cells. Chitosans with a high degree of polymerization and low degree of acetylation were identified as potent antiadhesive compounds, exerting significant reduction of C. jejuni adhesion to Caco-2 cells at non-toxic concentrations. Antiadhesive and also anti-invasive effects were verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy. For target identification, C. jejuni adhesins FlpA and JlpA were expressed in Escherichia coli ArcticExpress, and the influence of chitosan on binding to fibronectin and HSP90α, respectively, was investigated. While no effects on FlpA binding were found, a strong inhibition of JlpA-HSP90α binding was observed. To simulate real-life conditions, chicken meat was inoculated with C. jejuni, treated with antiadhesive chitosan, and the bacterial load was quantified. A strong reduction of C. jejuni load was observed. Atomic force microscopy revealed morphological changes of C. jejuni after 2 h of chitosan treatment, indicating disturbance of the cell wall and sacculi formation by electrostatic interaction of positively charged chitosan with the negatively charged cell surface. In conclusion, our data indicate promising antiadhesive and anti-invasive potential of high molecular weight, strongly de-acetylated chitosans for reducing C. jejuni load in livestock and food production. KEY POINTS: • Antiadhesive effects of chitosan with high DP/low DA against C. jejuni to host cells • Specific targeting of JlpA/Hsp90α interaction by chitosan • Meat treatment with chitosan reduces C. jejuni load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Kreling
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Franco H Falcone
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstraße 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabian Herrmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Leon Kemper
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Amiteye
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Cord-Landwehr
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Corinna Kehrenberg
- Institute of Veterinary Food Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Straße 92, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bruno M Moerschbacher
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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12
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Piña-González AM, Castelán-Sánchez HG, Hurtado-Ramírez JM, López-Leal G. Campylobacter prophage diversity reveals pervasive recombination between prophages from different Campylobacter species. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0279523. [PMID: 38088548 PMCID: PMC10782988 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02795-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Prophages play an important role in shaping the genetic diversity and evolution of their hosts. Acquisition or loss of prophages can lead to genomic variations, including changes in the bacterial phenotype promoted by recombination events, genetic repertoire exchanges and dissemination of virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance. By studying prophages in Campylobacter species, scientists can gain insights into the evolutionary patterns, pathogenicity mechanisms, epidemiology, and population dynamics of these species. This has implications for public health, antibiotic resistance surveillance, and the development of targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adán Manuel Piña-González
- Laboratorio de Biología Computacional y Virómica Integrativa, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Hugo G. Castelán-Sánchez
- Grupo de Genómica y Dinámica Evolutiva de Microorganismos Emergentes, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Gamaliel López-Leal
- Laboratorio de Biología Computacional y Virómica Integrativa, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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13
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Garcia-Fernandez A, Janowicz A, Marotta F, Napoleoni M, Arena S, Primavilla S, Pitti M, Romantini R, Tomei F, Garofolo G, Villa L. Antibiotic resistance, plasmids, and virulence-associated markers in human strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated in Italy. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1293666. [PMID: 38260875 PMCID: PMC10800408 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1293666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis, a prevalent foodborne gastrointestinal infection in Europe, is primarily caused by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, with rising global concerns over antimicrobial resistance in these species. This study comprehensively investigates 133 human-origin Campylobacter spp. strains (102 C. jejuni and 31 C. coli) collected in Italy from 2013 to 2021. The predominant Multilocus Sequence Typing Clonal complexes (CCs) were ST-21 CC and ST-206 CC in C. jejuni and ST-828 CC in C. coli. Ciprofloxacin and tetracycline resistance, mainly attributed to GyrA (T86I) mutation and tet(O) presence, were prevalent, while erythromycin resistance was associated with 23S rRNA gene mutation (A2075G), particularly in C. coli exhibiting multidrug-resistant pattern CipTE. Notable disparities in virulence factors among strains were observed, with C. jejuni exhibiting a higher abundance compared to C. coli. Notably, specific C. jejuni sequence types, including ST-21, ST-5018, and ST-1263, demonstrated significantly elevated counts of virulence genes. This finding underscores the significance of considering both the species and strain-level variations in virulence factor profiles, shedding light on potential differences in the pathogenicity and clinical outcomes associated with distinct C. jejuni lineages. Campylobacter spp. plasmids were classified into three groups comprising pVir-like and pTet-like plasmids families, exhibiting diversity among Campylobacter spp. The study underscores the importance of early detection through Whole Genome Sequencing to identify potential emergent virulence, resistance/virulence plasmids, and new antimicrobial resistance markers. This approach provides actionable public health data, supporting the development of robust surveillance programs in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Janowicz
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Marotta
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Maira Napoleoni
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici, CRRPE, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “T. Rosati”, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sergio Arena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Primavilla
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale Patogeni Enterici, CRRPE, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “T. Rosati”, Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Pitti
- Centro di Riferimento per la Tipizzazione delle Salmonelle, CeRTiS, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Romina Romantini
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Giuliano Garofolo
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Teramo, Italy
| | - Laura Villa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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14
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Yu X, Han Y, Liu J, Cao Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Lyu J, Zhou Z, Yan Y, Zhang Y. Distribution characteristics and potential risks of bioaerosols during scattered farming. iScience 2023; 26:108378. [PMID: 38025774 PMCID: PMC10679821 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In most economically underdeveloped areas, scattered farming and human‒livestock cohabitation are common. However, production of bioaerosols and their potential harm in these areas have not been previously researched. In this study, bioaerosol characteristics were analyzed in scattered farming areas in rural Northwest China. The highest bacteria, fungi, and Enterobacteria concentrations were 125609 ± 467 CFU/m³, 25175 ± 10305 CFU/m³, and 4167 ± 592 CFU/m³, respectively. Most bioaerosols had particle sizes >3.3 μm. A total of 71 bacterial genera and 16 fungal genera of potential pathogens were identified, including zoonotic potential pathogenic genera. Moreover, our findings showed that the scattered farming pattern of human‒animal cohabitation can affect the indoor air environment in the surrounding area, leading to chronic respiratory diseases in the occupants. Therefore, relevant government departments and farmers should enhance their awareness of bioaerosol risks and consider measures that may be taken to reduce them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
| | - Yunping Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
| | - Yingnan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
| | - Jinxin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
| | - Ziyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
| | - Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, PR China
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15
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Njoga EO, Nwanta JA, Chah KF. Detection of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter species from food-producing animals and humans in Nigeria: Public health implications and one health control measures. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 103:102083. [PMID: 37925789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant thermophilic Campylobacter species (TCS) pose tremendous public health problems because they are zoonotic, difficult to treat and usually harboured by food-producing animals (FPAs). This study ascertained the phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 56 phenotypically identified TCS from slaughtered cattle, poultry, and humans in Enugu State, Nigeria. The presence of selected AMR and virulence genes harboured by the animal and human isolates were also detected and compared in 36 PCR-confirmed Campylobacter species. All the 56 TCS were multidrug-resistant as none were susceptible to ampicillin, penicillin-G, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalothin and metronidazole. The isolates were 92.9 %, 62.5 %, 92.9 %, 42.9 %, 26.8 %, 25 %, 28.6 %, 53.7 %, 30.1 %, 32.1 % and 55.4 % resistant to ceftriaxone, nalidixic acid, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, gentamycin, erythromycin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline, respectively. The top four most effective classes of antimicrobials were aminoglycosides > macrolides > amphenicol > fluoroquinolones. The AMR genes detected and the percentage of the isolates that harboured them were: aadE-1 (33.3 %), aphA-3-1 (36.1 %), tetO (44.4%), Blaoxa-61 (61.1 %) and the multidrug efflux pump, cmeB (86.1%). Virulence genes detected and the corresponding percentage of TCS that harboured them were: cdtB (61.1 %), flaA (47.2 %), ciaB (38.9 %), and pldA (38.9 %). The cmeB was significantly detected in animal isolates (p = 0.018, OR = 5.1, CI = 0.7-6.6) while BlaOXA-61 predominated in human isolates (p = 0.019, OR = 6.2). Likewise, ciaB virulence gene was mostly detected (p = 0.019, OR = 6.4, CI = 1.3-25) in animal isolates. The findings underscore the roles of FPAs in the zoonotic dissemination of Campylobacter-associated AMR and virulence genes in the study area. This warrants the adoption of One Health control strategies to limit spread of the multidrug-resistant zoonotic Campylobacter species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O Njoga
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Animal Health Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Sentinel Laboratory, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria.
| | - John A Nwanta
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
| | - Kennedy F Chah
- Animal Health Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Sentinel Laboratory, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
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16
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Corcionivoschi N, Balta I, Butucel E, McCleery D, Pet I, Iamandei M, Stef L, Morariu S. Natural Antimicrobial Mixtures Disrupt Attachment and Survival of E. coli and C. jejuni to Non-Organic and Organic Surfaces. Foods 2023; 12:3863. [PMID: 37893756 PMCID: PMC10606629 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The contact and adherence of bacteria to various surfaces has significant consequences on biofilm formation through changes in bacterial surface structures or gene expression with potential ramifications on plant and animal health. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of organic acid-based mixtures (Ac) on the ability Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli to attach and form biofilm on various surfaces, including plastic, chicken carcass skins, straw bedding, and eggshells. Moreover, we aimed to explore the effect of Ac on the expression of E. coli (luxS, fimC, csgD) and C. jejuni (luxS, flaA, flaB) bacterial genes involved in the attachment and biofilm formation via changes in bacterial surface polysaccharidic structures. Our results show that Ac had a significant effect on the expression of these genes in bacteria either attached to these surfaces or in planktonic cells. Moreover, the significant decrease in bacterial adhesion was coupled with structural changes in bacterial surface polysaccharide profiles, impacting their adhesion and biofilm-forming ability. Essentially, our findings accentuate the potential of natural antimicrobials, such as Ac, in reducing bacterial attachment and biofilm formation across various environments, suggesting promising potential applications in sectors like poultry production and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolae Corcionivoschi
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK; (N.C.); (E.B.); (D.M.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.B.); (I.P.); (L.S.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov Street, No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Igori Balta
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.B.); (I.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Eugenia Butucel
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK; (N.C.); (E.B.); (D.M.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.B.); (I.P.); (L.S.)
| | - David McCleery
- Bacteriology Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK; (N.C.); (E.B.); (D.M.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.B.); (I.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Ioan Pet
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.B.); (I.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Iamandei
- Research Development Institute for Plant Protection, 013813 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lavinia Stef
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.B.); (I.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Sorin Morariu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences King Mihai I from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
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17
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Manyi-Loh CE, Lues R. A South African Perspective on the Microbiological and Chemical Quality of Meat: Plausible Public Health Implications. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2484. [PMID: 37894142 PMCID: PMC10608972 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat comprises proteins, fats, vitamins, and trace elements, essential nutrients for the growth and development of the body. The increased demand for meat necessitates the use of antibiotics in intensive farming to sustain and raise productivity. However, the high water activity, the neutral pH, and the high protein content of meat create a favourable milieu for the growth and the persistence of bacteria. Meat serves as a portal for the spread of foodborne diseases. This occurs because of contamination. This review presents information on animal farming in South Africa, the microbial and chemical contamination of meat, and the consequential effects on public health. In South Africa, the sales of meat can be operated both formally and informally. Meat becomes exposed to contamination with different categories of microbes, originating from varying sources during preparation, processing, packaging, storage, and serving to consumers. Apparently, meat harbours diverse pathogenic microorganisms and antibiotic residues alongside the occurrence of drug resistance in zoonotic pathogens, due to the improper use of antibiotics during farming. Different findings obtained across the country showed variations in prevalence of bacteria and multidrug-resistant bacteria studied, which could be explained by the differences in the manufacturer practices, handling processes from producers to consumers, and the success of the hygienic measures employed during production. Furthermore, variation in the socioeconomic and political factors and differences in bacterial strains, geographical area, time, climatic factors, etc. could be responsible for the discrepancy in the level of antibiotic resistance between the provinces. Bacteria identified in meat including Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., etc. are incriminated as pathogenic agents causing serious infections in human and their drug-resistant counterparts can cause prolonged infection plus long hospital stays, increased mortality and morbidity as well as huge socioeconomic burden and even death. Therefore, uncooked meat or improperly cooked meat consumed by the population serves as a risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy E. Manyi-Loh
- Centre of Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa;
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Ortega-Sanz I, Barbero-Aparicio JA, Canepa-Oneto A, Rovira J, Melero B. CamPype: an open-source workflow for automated bacterial whole-genome sequencing analysis focused on Campylobacter. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:291. [PMID: 37474912 PMCID: PMC10357626 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid expansion of Whole-Genome Sequencing has revolutionized the fields of clinical and food microbiology. However, its implementation as a routine laboratory technique remains challenging due to the growth of data at a faster rate than can be effectively analyzed and critical gaps in bioinformatics knowledge. RESULTS To address both issues, CamPype was developed as a new bioinformatics workflow for the genomics analysis of sequencing data of bacteria, especially Campylobacter, which is the main cause of gastroenteritis worldwide making a negative impact on the economy of the public health systems. CamPype allows fully customization of stages to run and tools to use, including read quality control filtering, read contamination, reads extension and assembly, bacterial typing, genome annotation, searching for antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes and plasmids, pangenome construction and identification of nucleotide variants. All results are processed and resumed in an interactive HTML report for best data visualization and interpretation. CONCLUSIONS The minimal user intervention of CamPype makes of this workflow an attractive resource for microbiology laboratories with no expertise in bioinformatics as a first line method for bacterial typing and epidemiological analyses, that would help to reduce the costs of disease outbreaks, or for comparative genomic analyses. CamPype is publicly available at https://github.com/JoseBarbero/CamPype .
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ortega-Sanz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, 09006, Burgos, Spain
| | | | | | - Jordi Rovira
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, 09006, Burgos, Spain
| | - Beatriz Melero
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, 09006, Burgos, Spain.
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Mantzios T, Tsiouris V, Papadopoulos GA, Economou V, Petridou E, Brellou GD, Giannenas I, Biliaderis CG, Kiskinis K, Fortomaris P. Investigation of the Effect of Three Commercial Water Acidifiers on the Performance, Gut Health, and Campylobacter jejuni Colonization in Experimentally Challenged Broiler Chicks. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2037. [PMID: 37370547 DOI: 10.3390/ani13122037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of three commercial water acidifiers on the performance, gut health, and C. jejuni colonization in experimentally challenged broiler chicks. A total of 192 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308®) were randomly allocated into 6 treatment groups with 4 replicates according to the following experimental design: group A, birds were not challenged and received tap water; group B, birds were challenged and received tap water; groups C, D, E, and F, birds were challenged and received tap water treated with 0.1% v/v SPECTRON®, with 0.1-0.2% v/v ProPhorce™ SA Exclusive, with 0.1-0.2% v/v Premium acid, and with 0.1-0.2% v/v Salgard® Liquid, respectively. The continuous water acidification evoked undesirable effects on broilers' performance and to an increased number of birds with ulcers and erosions in the oral cavity and the upper esophageal area. ProPhorce™ SA Exclusive and Premium acid significantly reduced the C. jejuni counts in the crop, whereas Salgard® Liquid significantly reduced the C. jejuni counts in the ceca of birds. At slaughter age, only Premium acid significantly reduced C. jejuni counts in the ceca of birds. All the tested products ameliorated the changes induced by C. jejuni infection in the pH in the ceca of birds. It can be concluded that besides the effectiveness of the tested products in controlling C. jejuni in broilers, their continuous application evoked undesirable effects on broilers' performance, leading to the need to modify the dosage scheme in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilemachos Mantzios
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilios Tsiouris
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios A Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vangelis Economou
- Laboratory of Food Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evanthia Petridou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia D Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas G Biliaderis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kiskinis
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Fortomaris
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
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