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Chen N, Xu Y, Liu Y, Zhao H, Liu R, Zhang Z. CEBPD aggravates apoptosis and oxidative stress of neuron after ischemic stroke by Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 440:114127. [PMID: 38857839 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
CCAAT enhancer binding protein delta (CEBPD) is a transcription factor and plays an important role in apoptosis and oxidative stress, which are the main pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. However, whether CEBPD regulates ischemic stroke through targeting apoptosis and oxidative stress is unclear. Therefore, to answer this question, rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) reperfusion model and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) primary cortical neuron were established to mimic ischemic reperfusion injury. We found that CEBPD was upregulated and accompanied with increased neurological deficit scores and infarct size, and decreased neuron in MCAO rats. The siRNA targeted CEBPD inhibited CEBPD expression in rats, and meanwhile lentivirus system was used to blocked CEBPD expression in primary neuron. CEBPD degeneration decreased neurological deficit scores, infarct size and brain water content of MCAO rats. Knockdown of CEBPD enhanced cell viability and reduced apoptosis as well as oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. CEBPD silencing promoted the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to the nucleus and the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Newly, CEBPD facilitated the transcription of cullin 3 (CUL3), which intensified ischemic stroke through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway that was proposed by our team in the past. In conclusion, targeting CEBPD-CUL3-Nrf2/HO-1 axis may be contributed to cerebral ischemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanqi Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yushuang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hanshu Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruijia Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhongling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Wang C, Xiong ZM, Cong YQ, Li ZY, Xie Y, Wang YX, Zhou HM, Yang YF, Liu JJ, Wu HZ. Revealing the pharmacological mechanisms of nao-an dropping pill in preventing and treating ischemic stroke via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11240. [PMID: 38755191 PMCID: PMC11099061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Nao-an Dropping Pill (NADP) is a Chinese patent medicine which commonly used in clinic for ischemic stroke (IS). However, the material basis and mechanism of its prevention or treatment of IS are unclear, then we carried out this study. 52 incoming blood components were resolved by UHPLC-MS/MS from rat serum, including 45 prototype components. The potential active prototype components hydroxysafflor yellow A, ginsenoside F1, quercetin, ferulic acid and caffeic acid screened by network pharmacology showed strongly binding ability with PIK3CA, AKT1, NOS3, NFE2L2 and HMOX1 by molecular docking. In vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) experimental results showed that NADP protected HA1800 cells from OGD/R-induced apoptosis by affecting the release of LDH, production of NO, and content of SOD and MDA. Meanwhile, NADP could improve behavioral of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats, reduce ischemic area of cerebral cortex, decrease brain water and glutamate (Glu) content, and improve oxidative stress response. Immunohistochemical results showed that NADP significantly regulated the expression of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, eNOS, p-eNOS, Nrf2 and HO-1 in cerebral ischemic tissues. The results suggested that NADP protects brain tissues and ameliorates oxidative stress damage to brain tissues from IS by regulating PI3K/Akt/eNOS and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhe-Ming Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - You-Quan Cong
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Zi-Yao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yi Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ying-Xiao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Hui-Min Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yan-Fang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Modern Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - He-Zhen Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Modern Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Khan MZ, Khan A, Huang B, Wei R, Kou X, Wang X, Chen W, Li L, Zahoor M, Wang C. Bioactive Compounds Protect Mammalian Reproductive Cells from Xenobiotics and Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Distress via Nrf2 Signaling Activation: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:597. [PMID: 38790702 PMCID: PMC11118937 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defenses. It poses a significant threat to the physiological function of reproductive cells. Factors such as xenobiotics and heat can worsen this stress, leading to cellular damage and apoptosis, ultimately decreasing reproductive efficiency. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in defending against oxidative stress and protecting reproductive cells via enhancing antioxidant responses. Dysregulation of Nrf2 signaling has been associated with infertility and suboptimal reproductive performance in mammals. Recent advancements in therapeutic interventions have underscored the critical role of Nrf2 in mitigating oxidative damage and restoring the functional integrity of reproductive cells. In this narrative review, we delineate the harmful effects of heat and xenobiotic-induced oxidative stress on reproductive cells and explain how Nrf2 signaling provides protection against these challenges. Recent studies have shown that activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway using various bioactive compounds can ameliorate heat stress and xenobiotic-induced oxidative distress and apoptosis in mammalian reproductive cells. By comprehensively analyzing the existing literature, we propose Nrf2 as a key therapeutic target for mitigating oxidative damage and apoptosis in reproductive cells caused by exposure to xenobiotic exposure and heat stress. Additionally, based on the synthesis of these findings, we discuss the potential of therapies focused on the Nrf2 signaling pathway to improve mammalian reproductive efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Adnan Khan
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 511464, China
| | - Bingjian Huang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Ren Wei
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Xiyan Kou
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien, 90372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Changfa Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 522000, China
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Zhang T, Luo L, He Q, Xiao S, Li Y, Chen J, Qin T, Xiao Z, Ge Q. Research advances on molecular mechanism and natural product therapy of iron metabolism in heart failure. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:253. [PMID: 38659000 PMCID: PMC11044586 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01809-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of heart failure (HF) is complex and involves multiple regulatory pathways. Iron ions play a crucial supportive role as a cofactor for important proteins such as hemoglobin, myoglobin, oxidative respiratory chain, and DNA synthetase, in the myocardial energy metabolism process. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that HF is associated with iron dysmetabolism, and deficiencies in iron and overload of iron can both lead to the development of various myocarditis diseases, which ultimately progress to HF. Iron toxicity and iron metabolism may be key targets for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HF. Some iron chelators (such as desferrioxamine), antioxidants (such as ascorbate), Fer-1, and molecules that regulate iron levels (such as lactoferrin) have been shown to be effective in treating HF and protecting the myocardium in multiple studies. Additionally, certain natural compounds can play a significant role by mediating the imbalance of iron-related signaling pathways and expression levels. Therefore, this review not only summarizes the basic processes of iron metabolism in the body and the mechanisms by which they play a role in HF, with the aim of providing new clues and considerations for the treatment of HF, but also summarizes recent studies on natural chemical components that involve ferroptosis and its role in HF pathology, as well as the mechanisms by which naturally occurring products regulate ferroptosis in HF, with the aim of providing reference information for the development of new ferroptosis inhibitors and lead compounds for the treatment of HF in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Qi He
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang City, China
| | - Sijie Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Junpeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenni Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Qingliang Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China.
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Huang D, Awad ACA, Tang C, Chen Y. Demethylnobiletin ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1335-1349. [PMID: 37955318 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demethylnobiletin (DN), with a variety of biological activities, is a polymethoxy-flavanone (PMF) found in citrus. In the present study, we explored the biological activities and potential mechanism of DN to improve cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats, and identified DN as a novel neuroprotective agent for patients with ischemic brain injury. METHODS Rat CIRI models were established via middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Primary nerve cells were isolated and cultured in fetal rat cerebral cortex in vitro, and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) models of primary nerve cells were induced. After intervention with DN with different concentrations in MCAO rats and OGD/R nerve cells, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to quantify cerebral infarction size in CIRI rats. Modified neurological severity score was utilized to assess neurological performance. Histopathologic staining and live/dead cell-viability staining was used to observe apoptosis. Levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in tissues and cells were detected using commercial kits. DN level in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of MCAO rats were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, expression levels of proteins like Kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nfr2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and apoptosis-related proteins like Cleaved caspase-3, BCL-2-associated X protein (Bax) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS DN can significantly enhance neurological function recovery by reducing cerebral infarction size and weakening neurocytes apoptosis in MCAO rats. It was further found that DN could improve oxidative stress (OS) injury of nerve cells by bringing down MDA and ROS levels and increasing SOD and GSH levels. Notably, DN exerts its pharmacological influences through entering blood-brain barrier. Mechanically, DN can reduce Keap1 expression while activate Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in neurocytes. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of DN on neurocytes have been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo circumstances. It deserves to be developed as a potential neuroprotective agent through regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to ameliorate neurocytes impairment caused by OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Faculty of Medicine/Clinical Campus/Lembah Sireh, Lincoln University college, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ali Chyadmarzok Al Awad
- Faculty of Medicine/Clinical Campus/Lembah Sireh, Lincoln University college, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Chuai Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapeutics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yunqiang Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapeutics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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6
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Wang Y, Xu R, Yan Y, He B, Miao C, Fang Y, Wan H, Zhou G. Exosomes-Mediated Signaling Pathway: A New Direction for Treatment of Organ Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Biomedicines 2024; 12:353. [PMID: 38397955 PMCID: PMC10886966 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) is a common pathological process which occurs mostly in organs like the heart, brain, kidney, and lung. The injury caused by I/R gradually becomes one of the main causes of fatal diseases, which is an urgent clinical problem to be solved. Although great progress has been made in therapeutic methods, including surgical, drug, gene therapy, and transplant therapy for I/R injury, the development of effective methods to cure the injury remains a worldwide challenge. In recent years, exosomes have attracted much attention for their important roles in immune response, antigen presentation, cell migration, cell differentiation, and tumor invasion. Meanwhile, exosomes have been shown to have great potential in the treatment of I/R injury in organs. The study of the exosome-mediated signaling pathway can not only help to reveal the mechanism behind exosomes promoting reperfusion injury recovery, but also provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of exosomes. Here, we review the research progress in utilizing various exosomes from different cell types to promote the healing of I/R injury, focusing on the classical signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, Nrf2, PTEN, Wnt, MAPK, toll-like receptor, and AMPK. The results suggest that exosomes regulate these signaling pathways to reduce oxidative stress, regulate immune responses, decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and promote tissue repair, making exosomes a competitive emerging vector for treating I/R damage in organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.W.); (B.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Ruojiao Xu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (R.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yujia Yan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (R.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.F.)
| | - Binyu He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.W.); (B.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Chaoyi Miao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.W.); (B.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Yifeng Fang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (R.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.F.)
| | - Haitong Wan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (R.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.F.)
| | - Guoying Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China; (R.X.); (Y.Y.); (Y.F.)
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7
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Ismaeel A, McDermott MM, Joshi JK, Sturgis JC, Zhang D, Ho KJ, Sufit R, Ferrucci L, Peterson CA, Kosmac K. Cocoa flavanols, Nrf2 activation, and oxidative stress in peripheral artery disease: mechanistic findings in muscle based on outcomes from a randomized trial. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C589-C605. [PMID: 38189132 PMCID: PMC11193455 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00573.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of muscle damage in peripheral artery disease (PAD) includes increased oxidant production and impaired antioxidant defenses. Epicatechin (EPI), a naturally occurring flavanol, has antioxidant properties that may mediate the beneficial effects of natural products such as cocoa. In a phase II randomized trial, a cocoa-flavanol-rich beverage significantly improved walking performance compared with a placebo in people with PAD. In the present work, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of cocoa flavanols were investigated by analyzing baseline and follow-up muscle biopsies from participants. Increases in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) target antioxidants heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (NQO1) in the cocoa group were significantly associated with reduced accumulation of central nuclei, a myopathy indicator, in type II muscle fibers (P = 0.017 and P = 0.023, respectively). Protein levels of the mitochondrial respiratory complex III subunit, cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2 (UQCRC2), were significantly higher in the cocoa group than in the placebo group (P = 0.032), and increases in UQCRC2 were significantly associated with increased levels of Nrf2 target antioxidants HO-1 and NQO1 (P = 0.001 and P = 0.035, respectively). Exposure of non-PAD human myotubes to ex vivo serum from patients with PAD reduced Nrf2 phosphorylation, an indicator of activation, increased hydrogen peroxide production and oxidative stress, and reduced mitochondrial respiration. Treatment of myotubes with EPI in the presence of serum from patients with PAD increased Nrf2 phosphorylation and protected against PAD serum-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, these findings suggest that cocoa flavanols may enhance antioxidant capacity in PAD via Nrf2 activation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The current study supports the hypothesis that in people with PAD, cocoa flavanols activate Nrf2, thereby increasing antioxidant protein levels, protecting against skeletal muscle damage, and increasing mitochondrial protein abundance. These results suggest that Nrf2 activation may be an important therapeutic target for improving walking performance in people with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismaeel
- Deparment of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Mary M McDermott
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Jai K Joshi
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Jada C Sturgis
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Dongxue Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Karen J Ho
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Robert Sufit
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Kate Kosmac
- Department of Physical Therapy, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Yu C, Yang P, Xu M, Ling J, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Shi A, Liu X, Zhang J, Yu P, Zhang D. Food-derived peptides as novel therapeutic strategies for NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-32. [PMID: 38153262 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2294164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3), a member of the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD) and leucine-rich repeat sequence (LRR) protein (NLR) family, plays an essential role in the inflammation initiation and inflammatory mediator secretion, and thus is also associated with many disease progressions. Food-derived bioactive peptides (FDBP) exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory activity in both in vivo and in vitro models. They are encrypted in plant, meat, and milk proteins and can be released under enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation conditions, thereby hindering the progression of hyperuricemia, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic liver disease, neurological disorders, lung injury and periodontitis by inactivating the NLRP3. However, there is a lack of systematic review around FDBP, NLRP3, and NLRP3-related diseases. Therefore, this review summarized FDBP that exert inhibiting effects on NLRP3 inflammasome from different protein sources and detailed their preparation and purification methods. Additionally, this paper also compiled the possible inhibitory mechanisms of FDBP on NLRP3 inflammasomes and its regulatory role in NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases. Finally, the progress of cutting-edge technologies, including nanoparticle, computer-aided screening strategy and recombinant DNA technology, in the acquisition or encapsulation of NLRP3 inhibitory FDBP was discussed. This review provides a scientific basis for understanding the anti-inflammatory mechanism of FDBP through the regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and also provides guidance for the development of therapeutic adjuvants or functional foods enriched with these FDBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Chenfeng Yu
- Huankui College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Zicheng Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ao Shi
- School of Medicine, St. George University of London, London, UK
| | - Xiao Liu
- Cardiology Department, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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9
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Shirzad H, Mousavinezhad SA, Panji M, Ala M. Amlodipine alleviates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats through Nrf2/Sestrin2/PGC-1α/TFAM Pathway. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 24:82. [PMID: 38129888 PMCID: PMC10740300 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-023-00722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, observational studies showed that amlodipine can mitigate calcineurin inhibitor- and contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Herein, we aimed to measure the effect of amlodipine on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and find the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bilateral renal I/R was induced by clamping the hilum of both kidneys for 30 min. The first dose of amlodipine 10 mg/kg was gavaged before anesthesia. The second dose of amlodipine was administered 24 h after the first dose. Forty-eight hours after I/R, rats were anesthetized, and their blood and tissue specimens were collected. RESULTS Amlodipine significantly decreased the elevated serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and mitigated tissue damage in hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining. Amlodipine strongly reduced the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 1β (IL1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Amlodipine enhanced antioxidant defense by upregulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Sestrin2. Furthermore, amlodipine significantly improved mitochondrial biogenesis by promoting Sestrin2/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α)/mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) pathway. It also enhanced autophagy and attenuated apoptosis, evidenced by increased LC3-II/LC3-I and bcl2/bax ratios after renal I/R. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that amlodipine protects against renal I/R through Nrf2/Sestrin2/PGC-1α/TFAM Pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Shirzad
- Research Center for Life, Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarters, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amin Mousavinezhad
- Research Center for Life, Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarters, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Panji
- Research Center for Life, Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarters, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moin Ala
- Research Center for Life, Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarters, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang X, Shao C, Jin L, Wan H, He Y. Optimized Separation of Carthamin from Safflower by Macroporous Adsorption Resins and Its Protective Effects on PC12 Cells Injured by OGD/R via Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18986-18998. [PMID: 37997370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for safe natural products has reignited people's interest in natural food pigments. Here, we proposed the use of macroporous adsorption resins (MARs) to separate and purify carthamin from safflower. The optimal parameters for carthamin purification with HPD400 MAR were determined as follows: a mass ratio of crude carthamin in sample solution to wet resin of 0.3, a crude carthamin solution concentration of 0.125 g·mL-1, a pH of 6.00, a sample volume flow rate of 0.5 mL·min-1, an ethanol volume fraction of 58%, an elution volume of 4 BV, and an elution volume flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. Under the above purification conditions, the recovery rate of carthamin was above 96%. Carthamin dramatically improved the survival rate of PC12 cells damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation and protected them from oxidative stress by inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species and increasing the total antioxidant capacity and glutathione (GSH) levels. Carthamin promoted extracellularly regulated protein kinase phosphorylation into the nucleus, permitting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and upregulating the gene expression of the rate-limiting enzymes glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit of GSH synthesis to obliterate free radicals and exert antioxidant effects. This study revealed the purification method of carthamin and its antioxidant protective effects, providing important insights into the application of carthamin in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P. R. China
| | - Chongyu Shao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P. R. China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P. R. China
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P. R. China
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11
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Zhang Z, Li X, Guo J, He B, Wu L, Yang R, Li X, Fang D, Yang X, Yang D, Wang F, Tang M, Han Y, Jose PA, Wang H, Zeng C. β-aminoisobutyrics acid, a metabolite of BCAA, activates the AMPK/Nrf-2 pathway to prevent ferroptosis and ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Med 2023; 29:164. [PMID: 38049750 PMCID: PMC10696792 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious clinical problem without effective treatment. Enhancing branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) metabolism can protect against cardiac I/R injury, which may be related to bioactive molecules generated by BCAA metabolites. L-β-aminoisobutyric acid (L-BAIBA), a metabolite of BCAA, has multi-organ protective effects, but whether it protects against lung I/R injury is unclear. METHODS To assess the protective effect of L-BAIBA against lung I/R injury, an animal model was generated by clamping the hilum of the left lung, followed by releasing the clamp in C57BL/6 mice. Mice with lung I/R injury were pre-treated or post-treated with L-BAIBA (150 mg/kg/day), given by gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Lung injury was assessed by measuring lung edema and analyzing blood gases. Inflammation was assessed by measuring proinflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and neutrophil infiltration of the lung was measured by myeloperoxidase activity. Molecular biological methods, including western blot and immunofluorescence, were used to detect potential signaling mechanisms in A549 and BEAS-2B cells. RESULTS We found that L-BAIBA can protect the lung from I/R injury by inhibiting ferroptosis, which depends on the up-regulation of the expressions of GPX4 and SLC7A11 in C57BL/6 mice. Additionally, we demonstrated that the Nrf-2 signaling pathway is key to the inhibitory effect of L-BAIBA on ferroptosis in A549 and BEAS-2B cells. L-BAIBA can induce the nuclear translocation of Nrf-2. Interfering with the expression of Nrf-2 eliminated the protective effect of L-BAIBA on ferroptosis. A screening of potential signaling pathways revealed that L-BAIBA can increase the phosphorylation of AMPK, and compound C can block the Nrf-2 nuclear translocation induced by L-BAIBA. The presence of compound C also blocked the protective effects of L-BAIBA on lung I/R injury in C57BL/6 mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that L-BAIBA protects against lung I/R injury via the AMPK/Nrf-2 signaling pathway, which could be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Outpatient Department, Hospital of PLA, Hanzhong, Shanxi, 96608, P. R. China
| | - Xingbing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lianpan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Rongpei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Dandong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - XiaoLi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Donghai Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Fengxian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hongyong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, P. R. China.
- Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China.
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12
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Lv C, Cheng T, Zhang B, Sun K, Lu K. Triptolide protects against podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2165103. [PMID: 36938748 PMCID: PMC10035962 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2165103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the mechanism of triptolide (TP) in podocyte injury in DN.Methods: DN mouse models were established by feeding with a high-fat diet and injecting with streptozocin and MPC5 podocyte injury models were induced by high-glucose (HG), followed by TP treatment. Fasting blood glucose and renal function indicators, such as 24 h urine albumin (UAlb), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and kidney/body weight ratio of mice were examined. H&E and TUNEL staining were performed for evaluating pathological changes and apoptosis in renal tissue. The podocyte markers, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress (OS), serum inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway-related proteins, and pyroptosis were detected by Western blotting and corresponding kits. MPC5 cell viability and pyroptosis were evaluated by MTT and Hoechst 33342/PI double-fluorescence staining. Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 was used to verify the regulation of TP on Nrf2.Results: TP improved renal function and histopathological injury of DN mice, alleviated podocytes injury, reduced OS and ROS by activating the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, and weakened pyroptosis by inhibiting the nod-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. In vitro experiments further verified the inhibition of TP on OS and pyroptosis by mediating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. Inhibition of Nrf2 reversed the protective effect of TP on MPC5 cells.Conclusions: Overall, TP alleviated podocyte injury in DN by inhibiting OS and pyroptosis via Nrf2/ROS/NLRP3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyang Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keda Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Casper E. The crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways in coronary artery disease: Can it be regulated by SIRT6? Life Sci 2023; 330:122007. [PMID: 37544377 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress and inflammation are major mechanisms responsible for the progression of CAD. Nuclear transcription factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that modulates the cellular redox status. Nrf2 upregulation increases the expression of antioxidant genes, decreases the expression of Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), and increases free radical metabolism. Activated NF-kB increases the production of inflammatory cytokines causing endothelial dysfunction. The two pathways of Nrf2 and NF-kB can regulate the expression of each other. Foremost, the Nrf2 pathway can decrease the level of active NF-κB by increasing the level of antioxidants and cytoprotective enzymes. Furthermore, the Nrf2 pathway prevents IκB-α degradation, an inhibitor of NF-kB, and thus inhibits NF-κB mediated transcription. Also, NF-kB transcription inhibits Nrf2 activation by reducing the antioxidant response element (ARE) transcription. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the Sirtuins family that was found to protect against cardiovascular diseases. SIRT6 can suppress the production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) through deacetylation of NRF2 which results in NRF2 activation. Furthermore, SIRT6 can inhibit the inflammatory process through the downregulation of NF-kB transcription. Therefore, targeting sirtuins could be a therapeutic strategy to treat CAD. This review describes the potential role of SIRT6 in regulating the crosstalk between NRF2 and NF-kB signaling pathways in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Casper
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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14
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Liu J, Chen J, Zhang J, Fan Y, Zhao S, Wang B, Wang P. Mechanism of Resveratrol Improving Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Microglial Function Through microRNA-450b-5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 Pathway. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1498-1507. [PMID: 36656498 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the M1/M2 polarization phenotype significantly affect disease progression. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protective effects of resveratrol (Res) have been demonstrated. This paper tested the hypothesis that Res could protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) by modulating microglial polarization via the miR-450b-5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 pathway. Rats were first treated with Res and adenovirus that interfered with miR-450b-5p or KEAP1, and then established a middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion model using modified nylon sutures. Rats were then evaluated for neurological and behavioral functions, and markers of M2 microglia were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Additionally, the signature patterns of miR-450b-5p, KEAP1, and Nrf2 were determined. The collected data demonstrated that Res exerted neuroprotective effects in CI/RI by promoting microglial M2 polarization. Additionally, Res could regulate the Nrf2 pathway by targeting KEAP1 by up-regulating miR-450b-5p. Up-regulating miR-450b-5p or down-regulating KEAP1 could further promote the protective effect of Res, while down-regulating miR-450b-5p or up-regulating KEAP1 worked oppositely. Our study demonstrates that Res exerts neuroprotective effects on microglial M2 polarization through the miR-450b-5p/KEAP1/Nrf2 pathway during CI/RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaHui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - JinYu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - JinFeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - ShiJun Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - BaoJun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Po Wang
- Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia Baotou Central Hospital, No. 61 Ring Roads, Donghe District, Baotou, 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
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15
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Zhang MJ, Sun WW, Yang J, Shi DD, Dai XF, Li XM. The Effect of Preventing Oxidative Stress and Its Mechanisms in the Extract from Sonchus brachyotus DC. Based on the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1677. [PMID: 37759980 PMCID: PMC10525685 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As the organ with the largest contact area with the outside world, the intestine is home to a large number of microorganisms and carries out the main functions of food digestion, absorption, and metabolism. Therefore, there is a very active metabolism of substances and energy in the gut, which is easily attacked by oxygen free radicals. What is more, oxidative stress can gradually and slowly cause very serious damage to the gut. Hence, maintaining redox balance is essential for maintaining environmental balance in the gut. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the extract of Sonchus brachyotus DC. (SBE) has been shown to be capable of repairing oxidative damage, while it has not been demonstrated that it can prevent oxidative stress or how it develops. In this work, we investigated the prevention of oxidative stress and its mechanism in SBE based on the H2O2-induced oxidative damage model in Caco-2 cells; the results indicate that SBE can reduce the contents of ROS and MDA and increase the activities of SOD and CAT in preventing oxidative stress. Then, at the mRNA and protein level, SBE can up-regulate and down-regulate the expression of related genes (NFE2L2, KEAP1, HMOX1, NQO1, SOD1, CAT, and GPX1) and proteins involved in the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathway. In conclusion, SBE plays a preventive role in oxidative stress through the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiao-Feng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
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Sorice M, Profumo E, Capozzi A, Recalchi S, Riitano G, Di Veroli B, Saso L, Buttari B. Oxidative Stress as a Regulatory Checkpoint in the Production of Antiphospholipid Autoantibodies: The Protective Role of NRF2 Pathway. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1221. [PMID: 37627286 PMCID: PMC10452087 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a well-known hallmark of Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS), a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity. Oxidative stress may affect various signaling pathways and biological processes, promoting dysfunctional immune responses and inflammation, inducing apoptosis, deregulating autophagy and impairing mitochondrial function. The chronic oxidative stress and the dysregulation of the immune system leads to the loss of tolerance, which drives autoantibody production and inflammation with the development of endothelial dysfunction. In particular, anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL), which target phospholipids and/or phospholipid binding proteins, mainly β-glycoprotein I (β-GPI), play a functional role in the cell signal transduction pathway(s), thus contributing to oxidative stress and thrombotic events. An oxidation-antioxidant imbalance may be detected in the blood of patients with APS as a reflection of disease progression. This review focuses on functional evidence highlighting the role of oxidative stress in the initiation and progression of APS. The protective role of food supplements and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) activators in APS patients will be summarized to point out the potential of these therapeutic approaches to reduce APS-related clinical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Sorice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.D.V.)
| | - Antonella Capozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Serena Recalchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Gloria Riitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (A.C.); (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Benedetta Di Veroli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.D.V.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.D.V.)
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Wang K, Zhou M, Du Y, Li P, Huang Z. Zearalenone induces the senescence of cardiovascular cells in vitro and in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:56037-56053. [PMID: 36913015 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone is a contaminant in food and feed products. It has been reported that zearalenone could lead to serious damage to health. So far, it is unclear whether zearalenone could lead to cardiovascular aging-related injury. For this, we assessed the effect of zearalenone on cardiovascular aging. Cardiomyocyte cell lines and primary coronary endothelial cells were used as two cell models in vitro experiments, and Western-blot, indirect immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were performed to study the effect of zearalenone on cardiovascular aging. Experimental results indicated zearalenone treatment increased Sa-β-gal positive cell ratio, and the expression of senescence markers (p16 and p21) was significantly upregulated. Additionally zearalenone upregulated the inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular cells. Furthermore, the effect of zearalenone on cardiovascular aging was also evaluated in vivo, and the results indicated that zearalenone treatment also led to the aging of myocardial tissue. These findings suggest that zearalenone could lead to cardiovascular aging-related injury. Furthermore, we also preliminarily explored the potential effect of zeaxanthin (which is a powerful antioxidant) on zearalenone-caused aging-related damage in vitro cell model, and found that zeaxanthin could alleviate zearalenone-induced aging-related damage. Collectively, the most important finding of the current work is that zearalenone could lead to cardiovascular aging. Next in importance, we also found that zeaxanthin could partially alleviate zearalenone-induced cardiovascular aging in vitro, indicating that zeaxanthin can be used as a drug or functional food to treat cardiovascular damage caused by zearalenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yipeng Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peixin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Klotho, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Damage in Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020239. [PMID: 36829798 PMCID: PMC9952437 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing oxidative stress stands at the center of a prevention and control strategy for mitigating cellular senescence and aging. Kidney disease is characterized by a premature aging syndrome, and to find a modulator targeting against oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence in kidney cells could be of great significance to prevent and control the progression of this disease. This review focuses on the pathogenic mechanisms related to the appearance of oxidative stress damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney disease. In this scenario, the anti-aging Klotho protein plays a crucial role by modulating signaling pathways involving the manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and the transcription factors FoxO and Nrf2, known antioxidant systems, and other known mitochondrial function regulators, such as mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), Wnt/β-catenin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1 alpha), transcription factor EB, (TFEB), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma). Therefore, Klotho is postulated as a very promising new target for future therapeutic strategies against oxidative stress, mitochondria abnormalities, and cellular senescence in kidney disease patients.
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Jiang H, Shang Z, You L, Zhang J, Jiao J, Qian Y, Lin J, Wang F, Gao Y, Kong X, Sun X. Electroacupuncture Pretreatment at Zusanli (ST36) Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Reducing Oxidative Stress via Activating Vagus Nerve-Dependent Nrf2 Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1595-1610. [PMID: 37092126 PMCID: PMC10120822 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s404087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Current pharmacological approaches to prevent hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) are limited. To mitigate hepatic injury, more research is needed to improve the understanding of hepatic IRI. Depending on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, acupuncture therapy has been used for the treatment of ischemic diseases with good efficacy. However, the efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture for hepatic IRI are still unclear. Methods Blood provided to the left and middle lobe of mice livers was blocked with a non-invasive clamp and then the clamps were removed for reperfusion to establish a liver IRI model. Quantitative proteomics approach was used to evaluate the impact of EA pretreatment on liver tissue proteome in the IRI group. Serum biochemistry was used to detect liver injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress levels. H&E staining and TUNEL staining were used to detect hepatocyte injury and apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used to detect the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and the level of inflammation. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities were detected by Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results We found that EA at Zusanli (ST36) has a protective effect on hepatic IRI in mice by alleviating oxidative stress, hepatocyte death, and inflammation response. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as a crucial target was regulated by EA and was then successfully validated. The Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 and cervical vagotomy eliminated the protective effect in the EA treatment group. Conclusion This study firstly demonstrated that EA pretreatment at ST36 significantly ameliorates hepatic IRI in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress via activating the Nrf2 signal pathway, which was vagus nerve-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Jiang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Shang
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping You
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinghao Zhang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junzhe Jiao
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yihan Qian
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Lin
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Xiaoni Kong, Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Xuehua Sun
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xuehua Sun, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Xuesaitong Combined with Dexmedetomidine Improves Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Activating Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling and Mitophagy in Hippocampal Tissue. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5126042. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5126042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and poor prognosis, and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury is the main murderer. Here, we attempted to explore the effects and mechanism of Xuesaitong (XST) combined with dexmedetomidine (Dex) on CI/R injury in rats. First, a rat model of CI/R injury was constructed via the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method and treated with XST and Dex alone or in combination. Then, on the 5th and 10th days of treatment, the neurological impairment was assessed using the modified neurological severity scores (mNSS), the 8-arm radial maze test (8ARMT), novel object recognition test (NORT), and fear conditioning test (FCT). H&E staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of the hippocampus. ELISA and related kits were used to assess the monoamine neurotransmitters and antioxidant enzyme activities in the hippocampus. The ATP, mitochondrial membrane potential levels, and qRT-PCR of genes related to mitochondrial function were determined to assess mitochondrial functions in the hippocampus and western blot to determine Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and mitophagy-related protein expression. The results showed that XST combined with Dex significantly reduced mNSS, improved spatial memory and learning deficits, and enhanced fear memory and cognitive memory ability in CI/R rats, which was superior to single-drug treatment. Moreover, XST combined with Dex treatment improved hippocampal histopathological damage; significantly increased the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, ATP, and mitochondrial membrane potential; and upregulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of mitophagy-related proteins in the hippocampus of CI/R rats. XST combined with Dex treatment also activated the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling and upregulated the protein expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and NQ. Altogether, this study showed that a combination of XST and Dex could activate the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling and mitophagy to protect rats from CI/R-related neurological impairment.
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Yu H, Xie Y, Dai M, Pan Y, Xie C. SMAD3 interacts with vitamin D receptor and affects vitamin D-mediated oxidative stress to ameliorate cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:6055-6068. [PMID: 36161391 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is caused by blood flow restoration after an ischaemic insult, and effective treatments targeting I/R injury are still insufficient. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cerebral I/R injury. This study investigated whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) could inhibit oxidative stress caused by cerebral I/R injury and explored the detailed mechanism. VDR was highly expressed in brain tissues of mice with cerebral I/R injury. Pretreatment with the active vitamin D calcitriol and synthetic vitamin D analogue paricalcitol (PC) reduced autophagy and apoptosis, improved neurological deficits and decreased infarct size in mice after cerebral I/R. Calcitriol or PC upregulated VDR expression to prevent cerebral I/R injury by affecting oxidative stress. Silencing of VDR reversed the protective effects of calcitriol or PC on brain tissues in mice with cerebral I/R. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that VDR interacted with SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3). It was validated through the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay that SMAD3 can bind to the VDR promoter and VDR can bind to the SMAD3 promoter. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that reciprocal activation between SMAD3 and VDR transcription factors defines vitamin D-mediated oxidative stress to prevent cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuxiang Xie
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Mingming Dai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuxiang Pan
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Chengzhi Xie
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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22
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Jia H, Chen Y, Liu Y. TGR5 overexpression mediated by the inhibition of transcription factor SOX9 protects against hypoxia-/reoxygenation-induced injury in hippocampal neurons by activating Nrf2/ HO-1 signaling. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1245. [PMID: 36544646 PMCID: PMC9761130 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury is a destructive cerebrovascular disease associated with long-term disability and high mortality rates. TGR5 has been discovered in multiple human and animal tissues and to modulate a variety of physiological processes. The current study sought to reveal the function of TGR5 in CI/R injury and uncover the latent regulatory mechanism. Methods A hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was established in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. The TGR5 expression in the H/R-treated HT22 cells was tested by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blots. After TGR5 was overexpressed, Cell Counting Kit-8 assays were used to estimate cell viability, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was assessed by a LDH assay kit. Cell apoptosis was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling assays. Cytochrome c release was detected by immunofluorescence assays and western blots were used to analyze the protein levels of apoptosis-related factors. The oxidative stress levels were assessed by corresponding kits. Next, SOX9 expression in the H/R-treated HT22 cells was tested by RT-qPCR and western blots. The interaction between the TGR5 promoter and SOX9 was verified by luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Subsequently, after the H/R-treated HT22 cells had been co-transfected with TGR5 overexpression and SOX9 overexpression plasmids, TGR5 expression was tested by RT-qPCR and western blots, and the above-mentioned functional experiments were repeated. Finally, the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling-related proteins was examined by western blots. Results TGR5 expression was significantly decreased in the H/R-exposed HT22 cells. The elevation of TGR5 enhanced the viability, hindered the apoptosis, and alleviated the oxidative stress of the HT22 cells under H/R conditions. Additionally, SOX9 had a strong affinity with TGR5 promoter, and TGR5 was transcriptionally inhibited by SOX9. Further, SOX9 overexpression restored the protective role of TGR5 upregulation in H/R-induced HT22 cell injury. Additionally, TGR5 overexpression mediated by SOX9 inhibition activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Conclusions TGR5 was transcriptionally inhibited by SOX9, and the overexpression of TGR5 played a protective role in CI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Yaoqi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xingtai Third Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Yalin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, China
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Wang T, Zhou T, Xu M, Wang S, Wu A, Zhang M, Zhou YL, Shi J. Platelet membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles carry microRNA inhibitor against myocardial ischaemia‒reperfusion injury. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:434. [PMID: 36195952 PMCID: PMC9531416 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of myocardial ischaemia‒reperfusion injury (MIRI) is increasing every year, and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic approaches. Nrf2 is thought to play a protective role during MIRI and it is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). This study focused on PLGA nanoparticles camouflaged by platelet membrane vesicles (PMVs) (i.e., PMVs@PLGA complexes) carrying microRNA inhibitors, which regulate Nrf2 and can play a therapeutic role in the MIRI process. In vitro and in vivo characterization showed that PMVs@PLGA has excellent transfection efficiency, low toxicity and good targeting. MicroRNAs that effectively regulate Nrf2 were identified, and then PMVs@PLGA-miRNA complexes were prepared and used for in vitro and in vivo treatment. PMVs@PLGA-miRNA complexes can effectively target the delivery of inhibitors to cardiomyocytes. Our results suggest that PMVs@PLGA complexes are a novel delivery system and a novel biological approach to the treatment of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Wang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Anqi Wu
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, NO.178, Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - You Lang Zhou
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, and Research Institution of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, NO.20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China. .,School of Public Health, Nantong University, NO.9, Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
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Ren X, Yu J, Guo L, Zhang Z. CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 mitigates apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in HT22 hippocampal neurons by Akt-Nrf2-activated pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2417-2429. [PMID: 35819709 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 (Cisd2) is known as a key determinant factor in maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, whether Cisd2 contributes to the mediation of neuronal injury during ischemic stroke has not been well stressed. This work focuses on investigating the role of Cisd2 in regulating neuronal injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The dramatic down-regulation of Cisd2 was observed in hippocampal neurons suffering from OGD/R injury. In Cisd2-overexpressed neurons, OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation were prominently mitigated. Further investigation uncovered that the forced expression of Cisd2 reinforced the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in OGD/R-exposed neurons. Moreover, the overexpression of Cisd2 enhanced Akt activation, and the restraint of Akt abolished Cisd2-induced Nrf2 activation. Importantly, restraint of Nrf2 reversed Cisd2-conferred neuroprotective effects in OGD/R-exposed neurons. Taken together, our findings indicate that Cisd2 is able to protect neurons from OGD/R-induced injuries by strengthening Nrf2 activation via Akt. Our work identifies Cisd2 as a potential determinant factor for neuronal injury during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ren
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiangang Yu
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zaili Zhang
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
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Nrf2 Pathway and Autophagy Crosstalk: New Insights into Therapeutic Strategies for Ischemic Cerebral Vascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091747. [PMID: 36139821 PMCID: PMC9495910 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease is highly prevalent and has a complex etiology and variable pathophysiological activities. It thus poses a serious threat to human life and health. Currently, pathophysiological research on cerebrovascular diseases is gradually improving, and oxidative stress and autophagy have been identified as important pathophysiological activities that are gradually attracting increasing attention. Many studies have found some effects of oxidative stress and autophagy on cerebrovascular diseases, and studies on the crosstalk between the two in cerebrovascular diseases have made modest progress. However, further, more detailed studies are needed to determine the specific mechanisms. This review discusses nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) molecules, which are closely associated with oxidative stress and autophagy, and the crosstalk between them, with the aim of providing clues for studying the two important pathophysiological changes and their crosstalk in cerebrovascular diseases as well as exploring new target treatments.
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26
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Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Mitigation via Geraniol: The Role of Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1 and TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081568. [PMID: 36009287 PMCID: PMC9405463 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury is a clinically recurrent event during kidney transplantation. Geraniol is a natural monoterpene essential oil component. This study aimed to inspect geraniol's reno-protective actions against renal I/R injury with further analysis of embedded mechanisms of action through scrutinizing the Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1 and TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB signaling pathways. METHODS Wistar male rats were randomized into five groups: Sham, Sham + geraniol, Renal I/R, and two Renal I/R + geraniol groups representing two doses of geraniol (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 14 days before the renal I/R. Renal I/R was surgically induced by occluding both left and right renal pedicles for 45 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. A docking study was performed to anticipate the expected affinity of geraniol towards three protein targets: hTLR4/MD2, hTLR2, and hNrf2/Keap1. RESULTS Renal I/R rats experienced severely compromised renal functions, histological alteration, oxidative stress status, escalated Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1, and amplified TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB. Geraniol administration ameliorated renal function, alleviated histological changes, and enhanced Nrf-2/HO-1/NQO-1 with a subsequent intensification of antioxidant enzyme activities. Geraniol declined TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB with subsequent TNF-α, IFN-γ, MCP-1 drop, Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 reduction IL-10 and Bcl-2 augmentation. Geraniol exhibited good fitting in the binding sites of the three in silico examined targets. CONCLUSIONS Geraniol might protect against renal I/R via the inhibition of the TLR2,4/MYD88/NFκB pathway, mediating anti-inflammation and activation of the Nrf2 pathway, intervening in antioxidative activities.
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Sayed AM, Gohar OM, Abd-Alhameed EK, Hassanein EHM, Ali FEM. The importance of natural chalcones in ischemic organ damage: Comprehensive and bioinformatic analysis review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14320. [PMID: 35857486 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, extensive research has been conducted, yielding a detailed account of thousands of newly discovered compounds of natural origin and their biological activities, all of which have the potential to be used for a wide range of therapeutic purposes. There are multiple research papers denoting the central objective of chalcones, which have been shown to have therapeutic potential against various forms of ischemia. The various aspects of chalcones are discussed in this review regarding molecular mechanisms involved in the promising anti-ischemic potential of these chalcones. The main mechanisms involved in these protective effects are Nrf2/Akt activation and NF-κB/TLR4 suppression. Furthermore, in-silico studies were carried out to discover the probable binding of these chalcones to Keap-1 (an inhibitor of Nrf2), Akt, NF-κB, and TLR4 protein molecules. Besides, network pharmacology analysis was conducted to predict the interacting partners of these signals. The obtained results indicated that Nrf2, Akt, NF-κB, and TLR4 are involved in the beneficial anti-ischemic actions of chalcones. Conclusively, the present findings show that chalcones as anti-ischemic agents have a valid rationale. The discussed studies will provide a comprehensive viewpoint on chalcones and can help to optimize their effects in different ischemia. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Ischemic organ damage is an unavoidable pathological condition with a high worldwide incidence. According to the current research progress, natural chalcones have been proved to treat and/or prevent various types of ischemic organ damage by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by different molecular mechanisms. This article displays the comprehensive research progress and the molecular basis of ischemic organ damage pathophysiology and introduces natural chalcones' mechanism in the ischemic organ condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Osama M Gohar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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Qin J, Chen J, Peng F, Sun C, Lei Y, Chen G, Li G, Yin Y, Lin Z, Wu L, Li J, Liu W, Peng C, Xie X. Pharmacological activities and pharmacokinetics of liquiritin: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115257. [PMID: 35395381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liquiritin is a flavonoid derived from Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae, which is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine with the effects of invigorating spleen qi, clearing heat, resolving toxins, and dispelling phlegm to stop coughs. AIM OF THE STUDY In this review,the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological activities of liquiritin have been summarized. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information on liquiritin up to 2021 was collected from PubMed, Web of Science, Springer Link, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. The key words were "liquiritin", "nerve", "tumor", "cardiac", etc. RESULTS: The absorption mechanism of liquiritin conforms to the passive diffusion and first-order kinetics while with low bioavailability. Liquiritin can penetrate the blood-brain-barrier. Besides, liquiritin displays numerous pharmacological effects including anti-Alzheimer's disease, antidepressant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular protection, antitussive, hepatoprotection, and skin protective effects. In addition, the novel preparations, new pharmacological effects,and cdusafty of liquiritin are also discussed in this review. CONCLUSION This review provides a comprehensive state of knowledge on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological activities of liquiritin, and makes a forecast for its research directions and applications in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Guangru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Gangming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yanpeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ziwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Liujun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wenxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Wang S, Liu G, Jia T, Wang C, Lu X, Tian L, Yang Q, Zhu C. Protection Against Post-resuscitation Acute Kidney Injury by N-Acetylcysteine via Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:848491. [PMID: 35655853 PMCID: PMC9152005 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.848491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Acute kidney injury (AKI), the common complication after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), seriously affects the prognosis of cardiac arrest (CA) patients. However, there are limited studies on post-resuscitation AKI. In addition, it has been demonstrated that N-acetylcysteine (N-AC) as an ROS scavenger, has multiorgan-protective effects on systemic and regional ischaemia-reperfusion injuries. However, no studies have reported its protective effects against post-resuscitation AKI and potential mechanisms. This study aimed to clarify the protective effects of N-AC on post-resuscitation AKI and investigate whether its potential mechanism was mediated by activating Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway in the kidney. Methods We established cardiac arrest models in rats. All animals were divided into four groups: the sham, control, N-AC, and ZnPP groups. Animals in each group except for the ZnPP group were assigned into two subgroups based on the survival time: 6 and 48 h. The rats in the control, N-AC, and ZnPP groups underwent induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF), 8 min untreated VF and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Renal function indicators, were detected using commercial kits. Renal pathologic changes were assessed by haematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses were measured using the corresponding indicators. Apoptosis was evaluated using terminal uridine nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and expression of proteins associated with apoptosis and the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway was measured by western blotting. Results N-AC inhibited post-resuscitation AKI. We observed that N-AC reduced the levels of biomarkers of renal function derangement; improved renal pathological changes; and suppressed apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Additionally, the production of ROS in the kidneys markedly decreased by N-AC. More importantly, compared with the control group, N-AC further upregulated the expression of nuclear Nrf2 and endogenous HO-1 in N-AC group. However, N-AC-determined protective effects on post-resuscitation AKI were markedly reversed after pretreatment of the HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP). Conclusions N-AC alleviated renal dysfunction and prolonged survival in animal models of CA. N-AC partially exerts beneficial renal protection via activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Altogether, all these findings indicated that N-AC as a common clinical agent, may have the potentially clinical utility to improve patients the outcomes in cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyuan Jia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changsheng Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoye Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Shi M, Wang J, Bi F, Bai Z. Diosmetin alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through Keap1-mediated Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway activation and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1529-1542. [PMID: 35191607 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diosmetin was found to exert protective effect on renal and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. This study aimed to investigate the role of diosmetin in cerebral IR (CIR) injury. PC12 neurons were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to establish CIR injury model in vitro and then incubated with diosmetin, and we found that diosmetin alleviated OGD/R-induced viability inhibition, LDH release, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Then our results showed that diosmetin downregulated kelch like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) expression, and upregulated nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression, antioxidant response element (ARE) activity and the mRNA and protein expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Keap1 overexpression or Nrf2 silencing both attenuated the neuroprotective effect of diosmetin on PC12 cells. Moreover, diosmetin inhibited the levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway related proteins and inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Additionally, a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was established and diosmetin was injected for treatment. Diosmetin alleviated CIR-induced neurological deficits, cerebral infarction, brain edema and histopathological damage, and neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress in MCAO rats. In conclusion, diosmetin attenuated OGD/R-induced PC12 cell viability inhibition, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation through Keap1-mediated Nrf2/ARE signaling activation and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition, and alleviated CIR-induced neurological injury in MCAO rat model. Our study may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for CIR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Medical School, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Generic Universal China Railway Xi'an Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangfang Bi
- Medical School, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhangyong Bai
- Department of Intervention, Baoji People's Hospital, Baoji, China
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Bellini C, Antonucci S, Morillas-Becerril L, Scarpa S, Tavano R, Mancin F, Di Lisa F, Papini E. Nanoparticles Based on Cross-Linked Poly(Lipoic Acid) Protect Macrophages and Cardiomyocytes from Oxidative Stress and Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050907. [PMID: 35624771 PMCID: PMC9137738 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of radical damage and oxidative stress, phenomena involved in a large number of human pathologies, is a major pharmaceutical and medical goal. We here show that two biocompatible formulations of Pluronic-stabilized, poly (lipoic acid)-based nanoparticles (NP) effectively antagonized the formation of radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These NPs, not only intrinsically scavenged radicals in a-cellular DPPH/ABTS assays, but also inhibited the overproduction of ROS induced by tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) in tumor cells (HeLa), human macrophages and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs). NPs were captured by macrophages and cardiomyocytes much more effectively as compared to HeLa cells and non-phagocytic leukocytes, eventually undergoing intracellular disassembly. Notably, NPs decreased the mitochondrial ROS generation induced by simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (IRI) in isolated cardiomyocytes. NPs also prevented IRI-triggered cardiomyocyte necrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and alterations of contraction-related intracellular Ca2+ waves. Hence, NPs appear to be an effective and cardiomyocyte-selective drug to protect against damages induced by post-ischemic reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bellini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (S.A.); (S.S.); (R.T.)
- CRIBI—Centre for Innovative Biotechnology Research, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Antonucci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (S.A.); (S.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Lucía Morillas-Becerril
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy; (L.M.-B.); (F.M.)
| | - Sara Scarpa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (S.A.); (S.S.); (R.T.)
- CRIBI—Centre for Innovative Biotechnology Research, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Regina Tavano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (S.A.); (S.S.); (R.T.)
- CRIBI—Centre for Innovative Biotechnology Research, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy; (L.M.-B.); (F.M.)
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (S.A.); (S.S.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence: (F.D.L.); (E.P.)
| | - Emanuele Papini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (S.A.); (S.S.); (R.T.)
- CRIBI—Centre for Innovative Biotechnology Research, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.D.L.); (E.P.)
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Antioxidant Cardioprotection against Reperfusion Injury: Potential Therapeutic Roles of Resveratrol and Quercetin. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082564. [PMID: 35458766 PMCID: PMC9027566 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion myocardial damage is a paradoxical tissue injury occurring during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Although this damage could account for up to 50% of the final infarct size, there has been no available pharmacological treatment until now. Oxidative stress contributes to the underlying production mechanism, exerting the most marked injury during the early onset of reperfusion. So far, antioxidants have been shown to protect the AMI patients undergoing PCI to mitigate these detrimental effects; however, no clinical trials to date have shown any significant infarct size reduction. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider multitarget antioxidant therapies targeting multifactorial AMI. Indeed, this clinical setting involves injurious effects derived from oxygen deprivation, intracellular pH changes and increased concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species, among others. Thus, we will review a brief overview of the pathological cascades involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury and the potential therapeutic effects based on preclinical studies involving a combination of antioxidants, with particular reference to resveratrol and quercetin, which could contribute to cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in myocardial tissue. We will also highlight the upcoming perspectives of these antioxidants for designing future studies.
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Yi X, Wang J, Lin W, Chen L, Li H, Lan T, Li Z. Hydroxysafflower yellow A alleviates HK-2 cells injury in cold hypoxia/reoxygenation via mitochondrial apoptosis. Transpl Immunol 2022; 74:101610. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Wu Y, Shi H, Xu Y, Pei J, Song S, Chen W, Xu S. Ebselen ameliorates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via enhancing autophagy in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1873-1885. [PMID: 35338455 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). It brings unfavorable outcomes to the patients and leads to a considerable socioeconomic burden. The study of renal I/R injury is still one of the hot topics in the medical field. Ebselen is an organic selenide that attenuates I/R injury in various organs. However, its effect and related mechanism underlying renal I/R injury remains unclear. In this study, we established a rat model of renal I/R injury to study the preventive effect of ebselen on renal I/R injury and further explore the potential mechanism of its action. We found that ebselen pretreatment reduced renal dysfunction and tissue damage caused by renal I/R. In addition, ebselen enhanced autophagy and inhibited oxidative stress. Additionally, ebselen pretreatment activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. The protective effect of ebselen was suppressed by autophagy inhibitor wortmannin. In conclusion, ebselen could ameliorate renal I/R injury, probably by enhancing autophagy, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Wu
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hua Shi
- Department of Urology, Tongren City People's Hospital, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuangao Xu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Pei
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shang Song
- Department of Urology, Tongren City People's Hospital, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuxiong Xu
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Modification of Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Alterations in Subcellular Organelles by Ischemic Preconditioning. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073425. [PMID: 35408783 PMCID: PMC8998910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with the compromised recovery of cardiac contractile function. Such an adverse effect of I/R injury in the heart is attributed to the development of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload, which are known to induce remodeling of subcellular organelles such as sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and myofibrils. However, repeated episodes of brief periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion or ischemic preconditioning (IP) have been shown to improve cardiac function and exert cardioprotective actions against the adverse effects of prolonged I/R injury. This protective action of IP in attenuating myocardial damage and subcellular remodeling is likely to be due to marked reductions in the occurrence of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload in cardiomyocytes. In addition, the beneficial actions of IP have been attributed to the depression of proteolytic activities and inflammatory levels of cytokines as well as the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid factor 2-mediated signal transduction pathway. Accordingly, this review is intended to describe some of the changes in subcellular organelles, which are induced in cardiomyocytes by I/R for the occurrence of oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload and highlight some of the mechanisms for explaining the cardioprotective effects of IP.
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Exosomes from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Overexpressed Nrf2 Inhibit Cardiac Fibrosis in Rats with Atrial Fibrillation. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:2687807. [PMID: 35360547 PMCID: PMC8941574 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2687807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even though nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling has been associated with the pathogenesis of multiple heart conditions, data on roles of Nrf2 within atrial fibrillation (AF) still remain scant. The present investigation had the aim of analyzing Nrf2-overexpressing role/s upon bone mesenchymal stem cell- (BMSC-) derived exosomes in rats with AF. Methods Exosomes were collected from control or Nrf2 lentivirus-transduced BMSCs and then injected into rats with AF through the tail vein. AF duration was observed using electrocardiography. Immunohistochemical staining was then employed for assessing Nrf2, HO-1, α-SMA, collagen I, or TGF-β1 expression profiles within atrial myocardium tissues. Conversely, Masson staining was utilized to evaluate atrial fibrosis whereas apoptosis within myocardia was evaluated through TUNEL assays. In addition, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, or IL-10 serum expression was assessed through ELISA. Results Results of the current study showed significant downregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 within AF rat myocardia. It was found that injection of the control or Lv-Nrf2 exosomes significantly alleviated and lowered AF timespans together with reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Moreover, injection of Lv-Nrf2 exosomes essentially lowered AF-driven atrial fibrosis and also inhibited inflammatory responses in the rats with AF. Conclusion Delivery of BMSC-derived exosomes using overexpressed Nrf2 inhibited AF-induced arrhythmias, myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis, and inflammation via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway triggering.
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Rihal V, Khan H, Kaur A, Singh TG. Vitamin D as therapeutic modulator in cerebrovascular diseases: a mechanistic perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7772-7794. [PMID: 35285752 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to several major chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancer, linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging. Vitamin D deficiency appears to be particularly harmful to the cardiovascular system, as it can cause endothelial dysfunctioning and vascular abnormalities through the modulation of various downstream mechanisms. As a result, new research indicates that therapeutic approaches targeting vitamin D inadequacies or its significant downstream effects, such as impaired autophagy, abnormal pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant reactions, may delay the onset and severity of major cerebrovascular disorders such as stroke and neurologic malformations. Vitamin D modulates the various molecular pathways, i.e., Nitric Oxide, PI3K-Akt Pathway, cAMP pathway, NF-kB Pathway, Sirtuin 1, Nrf2, FOXO, in cerebrovascular disorder. The current review shows evidence for vitamin D's mitigating or slowing the progression of these cerebrovascular disorders, which are significant causes of disability and death worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Rihal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
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STAT6/VDR Axis Mitigates Lung Inflammatory Injury by Promoting Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2485250. [PMID: 35047105 PMCID: PMC8763503 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2485250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung inflammatory injury is a global public health concern. It is characterized by infiltration of diverse inflammatory cells and thickening of pulmonary septum along with oxidative stress to airway epithelial cells. STAT6 is a nuclear transcription factor that plays a crucial role in orchestrating the immune response, but its function in tissue inflammatory injury has not been comprehensively studied. Here, we demonstrated that STAT6 activation can protect against particle-induced lung inflammatory injury by resisting oxidative stress. Specifically, genetic ablation of STAT6 was observed to worsen particle-induced lung injury mainly by disrupting the lungs' antioxidant capacity, as reflected by the downregulation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, an increase in malondialdehyde levels, and a decrease in glutathione levels. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has been previously proved to positively regulate Nrf2 signals. In this study, silencing VDR expression in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells consistently suppressed autophagy-mediated activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, thereby aggravating particle-induced cell damage. Mechanically, STAT6 activation promoted the nuclear translocation of VDR, which increased the transcription of autophagy-related genes and induced Nrf2 signals, and silencing VDR abolished these effects. Our research provides important insights into the role of STAT6 in oxidative damage and reveals its potential underlying mechanism. This information not only deepens the appreciation of STAT6 but also opens new avenues for the discovery of therapies for inflammatory respiratory system disorders.
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Kim MJ, Jeon JH. Recent Advances in Understanding Nrf2 Agonism and Its Potential Clinical Application to Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052846. [PMID: 35269986 PMCID: PMC8910922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major component of cell damage and cell fat, and as such, it occupies a central position in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease. Nuclear factor-erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor that coordinates expression of genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, is regulated primarily by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). However, involvement of the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway in tissue and organism homeostasis goes far beyond protection from cellular stress. In this review, we focus on evidence for Nrf2 pathway dysfunction during development of several metabolic/inflammatory disorders, including diabetes and diabetic complications, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune diseases. We also review the beneficial role of current molecular Nrf2 agonists and summarize their use in ongoing clinical trials. We conclude that Nrf2 is a promising target for regulation of numerous diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, more studies are needed to explore the role of Nrf2 in the pathogenesis of metabolic/inflammatory diseases and to review safety implications before therapeutic use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Endocrinology in Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-(53)-200-3182; Fax: +82-(53)-200-3155
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Chen C, Yu LT, Cheng BR, Xu JL, Cai Y, Jin JL, Feng RL, Xie L, Qu XY, Li D, Liu J, Li Y, Cui XY, Lu JJ, Zhou K, Lin Q, Wan J. Promising Therapeutic Candidate for Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: What Are the Possible Mechanisms and Roles of Phytochemicals? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:792592. [PMID: 35252368 PMCID: PMC8893235 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.792592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the most effective reperfusion strategies for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) despite myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, causing one of the causes of most cardiomyocyte injuries and deaths. The pathological processes of myocardial I/R injury include apoptosis, autophagy, and irreversible cell death caused by calcium overload, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Eventually, myocardial I/R injury causes a spike of further cardiomyocyte injury that contributes to final infarct size (IS) and bound with hospitalization of heart failure as well as all-cause mortality within the following 12 months. Therefore, the addition of adjuvant intervention to improve myocardial salvage and cardiac function calls for further investigation. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive bioactive secondary compounds abundantly found in Chinese herbal medicine. Great effort has been put into phytochemicals because they are often in line with the expectations to improve myocardial I/R injury without compromising the clinical efficacy or to even produce synergy. We summarized the previous efforts, briefly outlined the mechanism of myocardial I/R injury, and focused on exploring the cardioprotective effects and potential mechanisms of all phytochemical types that have been investigated under myocardial I/R injury. Phytochemicals deserve to be utilized as promising therapeutic candidates for further development and research on combating myocardial I/R injury. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to provide a better understanding of the mechanism of myocardial I/R injury treatment using phytochemicals and possible side effects associated with this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-Ru Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang-Lin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Lin Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Li Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Long Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yan Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Jin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Lin
| | - Jie Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Jie Wan
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Fu Y, Gao J, Li Y, Yang X, Zhang Y. RETRACTED: TRIM21 deficiency confers protection from OGD/R-induced oxidative and inflammatory damage in cultured hippocampal neurons through regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 103:108414. [PMID: 34929478 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). The authors have requested that this paper be retracted as they were unable to repeat some results reported in this paper under the same conditions. In Figure 1D, they found that TRIM21 siRNA-1 could not silence the expression of TIRM21. Therefore, the subsequent results were no longer reliable. The authors apologize for any inconvenience this retraction may cause for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Fu
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Junxian Gao
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, No. 151 East Section of South Second Ring Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Marquez-Exposito L, Tejedor-Santamaria L, Valentijn FA, Tejera-Muñoz A, Rayego-Mateos S, Marchant V, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Rubio-Soto I, Knoppert SN, Ortiz A, Ramos AM, Goldschmeding R, Ruiz-Ortega M. Oxidative Stress and Cellular Senescence Are Involved in the Aging Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020301. [PMID: 35204184 PMCID: PMC8868560 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be considered as a clinical model for premature aging. However, non-invasive biomarkers to detect early kidney damage and the onset of a senescent phenotype are lacking. Most of the preclinical senescence studies in aging have been done in very old mice. Furthermore, the precise characterization and over-time development of age-related senescence in the kidney remain unclear. To address these limitations, the age-related activation of cellular senescence-associated mechanisms and their correlation with early structural changes in the kidney were investigated in 3- to 18-month-old C57BL6 mice. Inflammatory cell infiltration was observed by 12 months, whereas tubular damage and collagen accumulation occurred later. Early activation of cellular-senescence-associated mechanisms was found in 12-month-old mice, characterized by activation of the DNA-damage-response (DDR), mainly in tubular cells; activation of the antioxidant NRF2 pathway; and klotho downregulation. However, induction of tubular-cell-cycle-arrest (CCA) and overexpression of renal senescent-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) components was only found in 18-month-old mice. In aging mice, both inflammation and oxidative stress (marked by elevated lipid peroxidation and NRF2 inactivation) remained increased. These findings support the hypothesis that prolonged DDR and CCA, loss of nephroprotective factors (klotho), and dysfunctional redox regulatory mechanisms (NRF2/antioxidant defense) can be early drivers of age-related kidney-damage progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marquez-Exposito
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (A.T.-M.); (S.R.-M.); (V.M.); (I.R.-S.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Lucia Tejedor-Santamaria
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (A.T.-M.); (S.R.-M.); (V.M.); (I.R.-S.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Floris A. Valentijn
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, H04.312, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (F.A.V.); (S.N.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Antonio Tejera-Muñoz
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (A.T.-M.); (S.R.-M.); (V.M.); (I.R.-S.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (A.T.-M.); (S.R.-M.); (V.M.); (I.R.-S.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (A.T.-M.); (S.R.-M.); (V.M.); (I.R.-S.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Raul R. Rodrigues-Diez
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Irene Rubio-Soto
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (A.T.-M.); (S.R.-M.); (V.M.); (I.R.-S.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Sebastiaan N. Knoppert
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, H04.312, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (F.A.V.); (S.N.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M. Ramos
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roel Goldschmeding
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, H04.312, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (F.A.V.); (S.N.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.-E.); (L.T.-S.); (A.T.-M.); (S.R.-M.); (V.M.); (I.R.-S.)
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDinREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.R.R.-D.); (A.O.); (A.M.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Deng Y, Zhang X, Chen F, Huang J, Zhang D, Luo J. HO-1 mediated by PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway is involved in (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-rescueing impaired cognitive function induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rat model. Exp Aging Res 2022; 48:428-443. [DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2021.2011689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Daijiang Zhang
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Geratology, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
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Effects of Heme Oxygenase-1 on c-Kit-Positive Cardiac Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413448. [PMID: 34948245 PMCID: PMC8704354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is one of the most powerful cytoprotective proteins known. The goal of this study was to explore the effects of HO-1 in c-kit-positive cardiac cells (CPCs). LinNEG/c-kitPOS CPCs were isolated and expanded from wild-type (WT), HO-1 transgenic (TG), or HO-1 knockout (KO) mouse hearts. Compared with WT CPCs, cell proliferation was significantly increased in HO-1TG CPCs and decreased in HO-1KO CPCs. HO-1TG CPCs also exhibited a marked increase in new DNA synthesis during the S-phase of cell division, not only under normoxia (21% O2) but after severe hypoxia (1% O2 for 16 h). These properties of HO-1TG CPCs were associated with nuclear translocation (and thus activation) of Nrf2, a key transcription factor that regulates antioxidant genes, and increased protein expression of Ec-SOD, the only extracellular antioxidant enzyme. These data demonstrate that HO-1 upregulates Ec-SOD in CPCs and suggest that this occurs via activation of Nrf2, which thus is potentially involved in the crosstalk between two antioxidants, HO-1 in cytoplasm and Ec-SOD in extracellular matrix. Overexpression of HO-1 in CPCs may improve the survival and reparative ability of CPCs after transplantation and thus may have potential clinical application to increase efficacy of cell therapy.
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Limonin Inhibits IL-1 β-Induced Inflammation and Catabolism in Chondrocytes and Ameliorates Osteoarthritis by Activating Nrf2. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7292512. [PMID: 34795843 PMCID: PMC8595032 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7292512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disorder, is considered to be one of the most common forms of arthritis. Limonin (Lim) is extracted from lemons and other citrus fruits. Limonin has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects, while inflammation is a major cause of OA; thus, we propose that limonin may have a therapeutic effect on OA. In this study, the therapeutic effect of limonin on OA was assessed in chondrocytes in vitro in IL-1β induced OA and in the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mice in vivo. The Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway was evaluated to illustrate the working mechanism of limonin on OA in chondrocytes. In this study, it was found that limonin can reduce the level of IL-1β induced proinflammatory cytokines such as INOS, COX-2, PGE2, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. Limonin can also diminish the biosynthesis of IL-1β-stimulated chondrogenic catabolic enzymes such as MMP13 and ADAMTS5 in chondrocytes. The research on the mechanism study demonstrated that limonin exerts its protective effect on OA through the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Taken together, the present study shows that limonin may activate the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB pathway to alleviate OA, making it a candidate therapeutic agent for OA.
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Zhao X, Li S, Mo Y, Li R, Huang S, Zhang A, Ni X, Dai Q, Wang J. DCA Protects against Oxidation Injury Attributed to Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion by Regulating Glycolysis through PDK2-PDH-Nrf2 Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5173035. [PMID: 34712383 PMCID: PMC8548159 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5173035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke (IS) is still a difficult problem to be solved; energy metabolism failure is one of the main factors causing mitochondrion dysfunction and oxidation stress damage within the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia, which produces considerable reactive oxygen species (ROS) and opens the blood-brain barrier. Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) can inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). Moreover, DCA has been indicated with the capability of increasing mitochondrial pyruvate uptake and promoting oxidation of glucose in the course of glycolysis, thereby improving the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). As a result, pyruvate flow is promoted into the tricarboxylic acid cycle to expedite ATP production. DCA has a protective effect on IS and brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study adopted a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model for simulating IS and I/R injury in mice. We investigated the mechanism by which DCA regulates glycolysis and protects the oxidative damage induced by I/R injury through the PDK2-PDH-Nrf2 axis. As indicated from the results of this study, DCA may improve glycolysis, reduce oxidative stress and neuronal death, damage the blood-brain barrier, and promote the recovery of oxidative metabolism through inhibiting PDK2 and activating PDH. Additionally, DCA noticeably elevated the neurological score and reduced the infarct volume, brain water content, and necrotic neurons. Moreover, as suggested from the results, DCA elevated the content of Nrf2 as well as HO-1, i.e., the downstream antioxidant proteins pertaining to Nrf2, while decreasing the damage of BBB and the degradation of tight junction proteins. To simulate the condition of hypoxia and ischemia in vitro, HBMEC cells received exposure to transient oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). The DCA treatment is capable of reducing the oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier of HBMEC cells after in vitro hypoxia and reperfusion (H/R). Furthermore, this study evidenced that HBMEC cells could exhibit higher susceptibility to H/R-induced oxidative stress after ML385 application, the specific inhibitor of Nrf2. Besides, the protection mediated by DCA disappeared after ML385 application. To sum up, as revealed from the mentioned results, DCA could exert the neuroprotective effect on oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier after brain I/R injury via PDK2-PDH-Nrf2 pathway activation. Accordingly, the PDK2-PDH-Nrf2 pathway may play a key role and provide a new pharmacology target in cerebral IS and I/R protection by DCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Anesthesia, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261021, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yunchang Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ruru Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shaoyi Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuqing Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qinxue Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junlu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
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Zhao W, Zhao J, Zhang X, Fan N, Rong J. Upregulation of Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier 2 and Protein SUMOylation as a Cardioprotective Mechanism Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:731980. [PMID: 34588985 PMCID: PMC8473707 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins modify proteins through SUMOylation as an essential protein post-translational modification (PTM) for regulating redox status, inflammation, and cardiac fibrosis in myocardial infarction. This study aimed to investigate whether natural product puerarin could alleviate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI-RI) by targeting protein SUMOylation. Methods: Mouse MI-RI model was induced by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery and subsequently treated with puerarin at the dose of 100 mg/kg. Rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells were challenged by hypoxia/reoxygenation and treated with puerarin at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 μM. The infarction area of mouse hearts was assessed by 2% TTC staining. Cell damage was analyzed for the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum and cell culture medium. Western blot technique was employed to detect the expression of SUMO2, phospho-ERK, pro-inflammatory biomarker COX2, fibrosis index galectin-3, apoptosis-related protein cleaved PARP-1. The activation of the estrogen receptor (ER) pathway was assayed by the dual-luciferase reporter system. Results: The present study validated that puerarin effectively reduced myocardial infarct size and LDH release in the mouse MI-RI model. In the cell culture system, puerarin effectively decreased the release of LDH and the protein level of COX2, galectin-3, and cleaved PARP-1. Mechanistic studies revealed that puerarin increased the expression of SUMO2, SUMOylation of proteins and the activation of ER/ERK pathway in cardiomyocytes. ER, ERK and SUMO2 inhibitors attenuated the cardioprotective effects of puerarin. Conclusion: Puerarin may alleviate myocardial injury by promoting protein SUMOylation through ER/ERK/SUMO2-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Ni Fan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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