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Zhang F, Wang Y, Song X, Wen Y, Wang H, Zhang Y. The hydroxytyrosol-typed phenylpropanoidglycosides: A phenylpropanoid glycoside family with significant biological activity. Fitoterapia 2024; 178:106155. [PMID: 39089596 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol-typed phenylpropanoid glycosides (HPGs), composed of phenylethanol and various complex oligosaccharides, are widespread and abundant in different plant, and have a diverse range of biological activities. All HPGs reported previously have been isolated from natural sources, and most of them showed significant bioactivities, such as anti-inflamatory, anti-cancer, cytoprotection, neuro-protective effects, enzyme-inhibitory, anti-microbial effects, and cardiovascular activity. The goal of this review is to summarize the structures of HPGs reported over the past few decades, as well as to introduce their pharmacological effects. We also introduce the possible relationship between the structures of HPGs and their source plants, as well as the structure-activity relationships of some important activities. This review will serve as a resource for future research into this class of compounds, and demonstrate their potential value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixun Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Xiaoping Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yingming Wen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, No. 9 Liangshuihe 1st Street, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, China; Glycobiology and Glycotechnology Research center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China; College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China.
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2
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Gonçalves M, Vale N, Silva P. Neuroprotective Effects of Olive Oil: A Comprehensive Review of Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:762. [PMID: 39061831 PMCID: PMC11274152 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a significant challenge to global healthcare, and oxidative stress plays a crucial role in their development. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the neuroprotective potential of olive oil, with a primary focus on its antioxidant properties. The chemical composition of olive oil, including key antioxidants, such as oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and oleocanthal, is systematically examined. The mechanisms by which these compounds provide neuroprotection, including counteracting oxidative damage and modulating neuroprotective pathways, are explored. The neuroprotective efficacy of olive oil is evaluated by synthesizing findings from various sources, including in vitro studies, animal models, and clinical trials. The integration of olive oil into dietary patterns, particularly its role in the Mediterranean diet, and its broader implications in neurodegenerative disease prevention are also discussed. The challenges in translating preclinical findings to clinical applications are acknowledged and future research directions are proposed to better understand the potential of olive oil in mitigating the risk of neurodegenerative conditions. This review highlights olive oil not only as a dietary component, but also as a promising candidate in preventive neurology, advocating for further investigation in the context of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Vale
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Silva
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- iNOVA Media Lab, ICNOVA-NOVA Institute of Communication, NOVA School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1069-061 Lisbon, Portugal
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3
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Karagiannis TC, Ververis K, Liang JJ, Pitsillou E, Liu S, Bresnehan SM, Xu V, Wijoyo SJ, Duan X, Ng K, Hung A, Goebel E, El-Osta A. Identification and Evaluation of Olive Phenolics in the Context of Amine Oxidase Enzyme Inhibition and Depression: In Silico Modelling and In Vitro Validation. Molecules 2024; 29:2446. [PMID: 38893322 PMCID: PMC11173677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet well known for its beneficial health effects, including mood enhancement, is characterised by the relatively high consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), which is rich in bioactive phenolic compounds. Over 200 phenolic compounds have been associated with Olea europaea, and of these, only a relatively small fraction have been characterised. Utilising the OliveNetTM library, phenolic compounds were investigated as potential inhibitors of the epigenetic modifier lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). Furthermore, the compounds were screened for inhibition of the structurally similar monoamine oxidases (MAOs) which are directly implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Molecular docking highlighted that olive phenolics interact with the active site of LSD1 and MAOs. Protein-peptide docking was also performed to evaluate the interaction of the histone H3 peptide with LSD1, in the presence of ligands bound to the substrate-binding cavity. To validate the in silico studies, the inhibitory activity of phenolic compounds was compared to the clinically approved inhibitor tranylcypromine. Our findings indicate that olive phenolics inhibit LSD1 and the MAOs in vitro. Using a cell culture model system with corticosteroid-stimulated human BJ fibroblast cells, the results demonstrate the attenuation of dexamethasone- and hydrocortisone-induced MAO activity by phenolic compounds. The findings were further corroborated using human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neurons stimulated with all-trans retinoic acid. Overall, the results indicate the inhibition of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidases by olive phenolics. More generally, our findings further support at least a partial mechanism accounting for the antidepressant effects associated with EVOO and the Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom C. Karagiannis
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Prahran, VIC 3004, Australia
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at prospED Polytechnic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Katherine Ververis
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at prospED Polytechnic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Julia J. Liang
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Prahran, VIC 3004, Australia
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at prospED Polytechnic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Eleni Pitsillou
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at prospED Polytechnic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Siyao Liu
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah M. Bresnehan
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at prospED Polytechnic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Vivian Xu
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at prospED Polytechnic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Stevano J. Wijoyo
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at prospED Polytechnic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Xiaofei Duan
- Melbourne TrACEES Platform, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ken Ng
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew Hung
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Erik Goebel
- Occhem Labs, LLC, 3510 Hopkins Place North, Oakdale, MN 55128, USA
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Prahran, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Biomedical Laboratory Science, Department of Technology, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, 1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark
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4
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Zodio S, Serreli G, Melis MP, Franchi B, Boronat A, de la Torre R, Deiana M. Protective effect of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol metabolites in LPS-induced vascular barrier derangement in vitro. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1350378. [PMID: 38706564 PMCID: PMC11066181 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1350378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The maintenance of endothelial barrier function is essential for vasal homeostasis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Among the toxic stimuli involved in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesions, Gram negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported to be able to trigger endothelial dysfunction, through the alteration of barrier permeability and inflammatory response. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) and tyrosol (Tyr), the major phenolic compounds of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), as wells as their circulating sulphated and glucuronidated metabolites have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects at endothelial level. Methods In this study we investigated the protective effects of HT and Tyr metabolites on LPS-induced alteration of permeability in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) monolayers and examined underlying signaling pathways, focusing on tight junction (TJ) proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NOD-, LRR-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Results It was shown that LPS-increased permeability in HUVEC cells was due to the alteration of TJ protein level, following the activation of MAPK and NLRP3. HT and Tyr sulphated and glucuronidated metabolites were able to limit the effects exerted by LPS, acting as signaling molecules with an efficacy comparable to that of their precursors HT and Tyr. Discussion The obtained results add a further piece to the understanding of HT and Tyr metabolites mechanisms of action in vascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Zodio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Benedetta Franchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna Boronat
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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5
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Kourti M, Skaperda Z, Tekos F, Stathopoulos P, Koutra C, Skaltsounis AL, Kouretas D. The Bioactivity of a Hydroxytyrosol-Enriched Extract Originated after Direct Hydrolysis of Olive Leaves from Greek Cultivars. Molecules 2024; 29:299. [PMID: 38257212 PMCID: PMC10818913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, olive leaf polyphenols have been at the center of scientific interest due to their beneficial effects on human health. The most abundant polyphenol in olive leaves is oleuropein. The biological properties of oleuropein are mainly due to the hydroxytyrosol moiety, a drastic catechol group, whose biological activity has been mentioned many times in the literature. Hence, in recent years, many nutritional supplements, food products, and cosmetics enriched in hydroxytyrosol have been developed and marketed, with unexpectedly positive results. However, the concentration levels of hydroxytyrosol in olive leaves are low, as it depends on several agricultural factors. In this study, a rapid and easy methodology for the production of hydroxytyrosol-enriched extracts from olive leaves was described. The proposed method is based on the direct acidic hydrolysis of olive leaves, where the extraction procedure and the hydrolysis of oleuropein are carried out in one step. Furthermore, we tested the in vitro bioactivity of this extract using cell-free and cell-based methods, evaluating its antioxidant and DNA-protective properties. Our results showed that the hydroxytyrosol-enriched extract produced after direct hydrolysis of olive leaves exerted significant in vitro antioxidant and geno-protective activity, and potentially these extracts could have various applications in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kourti
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Panagiotis Stathopoulos
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (P.S.); (C.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Christina Koutra
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (P.S.); (C.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Alexios Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (P.S.); (C.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
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6
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Taiti C, Masi E, Flamminii F, Di Mattia C, Mancuso S, Marone E. Does the Harvest Type Affect Olive Health? Influence of the Harvesting System and Storage Time on the Chemical, Volatile and Sensory Qualities of Extra Virgin Olive Oils. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3843. [PMID: 38005740 PMCID: PMC10674536 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of investigating the effect of bruising and its development during the postharvest time, olive fruits (Frantoio and Moraiolo), manually and mechanically harvested, were stored in climatic chambers at two different temperatures (5 °C and 18 °C) for five days. Visual observations highlighted changes in the olive peel with discoloration in the damaged areas and tissue bruising. Olive fruit polyphenols, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other oil quality parameters (phenolic content, free acidity and peroxide index) and sensory assessment were evaluated. Analyses were carried out on fruits and experimental extra virgin oils at harvesting and after 5 days of fruit storage. The results highlight that low-temperature storage (5 °C for 5 days) may contribute to the maintenance of high olive oil quality, and the quality of olives stored at room temperature drastically decreases after 5 days of storage. Moreover, mechanical harvesting, compared to manual harvesting, does not seem to affect the final oil quality, at least at harvesting, but seems to determine differences in the long-term storage period. Finally, the samples stored at 18 °C showed a quality deterioration with the development of sensorial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Taiti
- Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Elisa Masi
- Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Federica Flamminii
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Carla Di Mattia
- Department of Biosciences and Technologies for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.D.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Elettra Marone
- Department of Biosciences and Technologies for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.D.M.); (E.M.)
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Zaharieva A, Rusanov K, Rusanova M, Paunov M, Yordanova Z, Mantovska D, Tsacheva I, Petrova D, Mishev K, Dobrev PI, Lacek J, Filepová R, Zehirov G, Vassileva V, Mišić D, Motyka V, Chaneva G, Zhiponova M. Uncovering the Interrelation between Metabolite Profiles and Bioactivity of In Vitro- and Wild-Grown Catmint ( Nepeta nuda L.). Metabolites 2023; 13:1099. [PMID: 37887424 PMCID: PMC10609352 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nepeta nuda L. is a medicinal plant enriched with secondary metabolites serving to attract pollinators and deter herbivores. Phenolics and iridoids of N. nuda have been extensively investigated because of their beneficial impacts on human health. This study explores the chemical profiles of in vitro shoots and wild-grown N. nuda plants (flowers and leaves) through metabolomic analysis utilizing gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Initially, we examined the differences in the volatiles' composition in in vitro-cultivated shoots comparing them with flowers and leaves from plants growing in natural environment. The characteristic iridoid 4a-α,7-β,7a-α-nepetalactone was highly represented in shoots of in vitro plants and in flowers of plants from nature populations, whereas most of the monoterpenes were abundant in leaves of wild-grown plants. The known in vitro biological activities encompassing antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial potentials alongside the newly assessed anti-inflammatory effects exhibited consistent associations with the total content of phenolics, reducing sugars, and the identified metabolic profiles in polar (organic acids, amino acids, alcohols, sugars, phenolics) and non-polar (fatty acids, alkanes, sterols) fractions. Phytohormonal levels were also quantified to infer the regulatory pathways governing phytochemical production. The overall dataset highlighted compounds with the potential to contribute to N. nuda bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zaharieva
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Krasimir Rusanov
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Agrobioinstitute, Agricultural Academy, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.R.)
| | - Mila Rusanova
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Agrobioinstitute, Agricultural Academy, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.R.)
| | - Momchil Paunov
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Zhenya Yordanova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Desislava Mantovska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Ivanka Tsacheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Detelina Petrova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Kiril Mishev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.M.); (G.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Petre I. Dobrev
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Jozef Lacek
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Filepová
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Grigor Zehirov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.M.); (G.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Valya Vassileva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.M.); (G.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Danijela Mišić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Václav Motyka
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Ganka Chaneva
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Miroslava Zhiponova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
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8
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Boronat A, Serreli G, Rodríguez-Morató J, Deiana M, de la Torre R. Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds' Activity against Age-Associated Cognitive Decline: Clinical and Experimental Evidence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1472. [PMID: 37508010 PMCID: PMC10376491 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that consuming olive oil rich in phenolic bioactive compounds is associated with a lower risk of neurodegenerative diseases and better cognitive performance in aged populations. Since oxidative stress is a common hallmark of age-related cognitive decline, incorporating exogenous antioxidants could have beneficial effects on brain aging. In this review, we firstly summarize and critically discuss the current preclinical evidence and the potential neuroprotective mechanisms. Existing studies indicate that olive oil phenolic compounds can modulate and counteract oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, two relevant pathways linked to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative processes. Secondly, we summarize the current clinical evidence. In contrast to preclinical studies, there is no direct evidence in humans of the bioactivity of olive oil phenolic compounds. Instead, we have summarized current findings regarding nutritional interventions supplemented with olive oil on cognition. A growing body of research indicates that high consumption of olive oil phenolic compounds is associated with better preservation of cognitive performance, conferring an additional benefit, independent of the dietary pattern. In conclusion, the consumption of olive oil rich in phenolic bioactive compounds has potential neuroprotective effects. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Boronat
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Jose Rodríguez-Morató
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Pojero F, Gervasi F, Fiore SD, Aiello A, Bonacci S, Caldarella R, Attanzio A, Candore G, Caruso C, Ligotti ME, Procopio A, Restivo I, Tesoriere L, Allegra M, Accardi G. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nutritionally Relevant Concentrations of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: An Age-Related Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11029. [PMID: 37446206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence and inflammaging facilitate the insurgence of chronic diseases. The Mediterranean diet is a non-invasive intervention to improve the chronic low-grade inflammatory status associated with aging. Olive oil oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) demonstrated a controversial modulatory action on inflammation in vitro when tested at concentrations exceeding those detectable in human plasma. We studied the potential anti-inflammatory effects of OLE and HT at nutritionally relevant concentrations on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as regards cell viability, frequency of leukocyte subsets, and cytokine release, performing an age-focused analysis on two groups of subjects: Adult (age 18-64 years) and Senior (age ≥ 65 years). OLE and HT were used alone or as a pre-treatment before challenging PBMCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both polyphenols had no effect on cell viability irrespective of LPS, but 5 µM HT had an LPS-like effect on monocytes, reducing the intermediate subset in Adult subjects. OLE and HT had no effect on LPS-triggered release of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, but 5 µM HT reduced IL-10 secretion by PBMCs from Adult vs. Senior group. In summary, nutritionally relevant concentrations of OLE and HT elicit no anti-inflammatory effect and influence the frequency of immune cell subsets with age-related different outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Gervasi
- Specialistic Oncology Laboratory Unit, ARNAS Hospitals Civico Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Davide Fiore
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosalia Caldarella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, "P. Giaccone" University Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ignazio Restivo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Allegra
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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10
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Dubsky M, Veleba J, Sojakova D, Marhefkova N, Fejfarova V, Jude EB. Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus: New Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10705. [PMID: 37445881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is an important marker of future atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, especially in people with diabetes. This article summarizes the evidence on endothelial dysfunction in people with diabetes and adds different perspectives that can affect the presence and severity of ED and its consequences. We highlight that data on ED in type 1 diabetes are lacking and discuss the relationship between ED and arterial stiffness. Several interesting studies have been published showing that ED modulates microRNA, microvesicles, lipid levels, and the endoplasmatic reticulum. A better understanding of ED could provide important insights into the microvascular complications of diabetes, their treatment, and even their prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Dubsky
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Veleba
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Sojakova
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Marhefkova
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimira Fejfarova
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edward B Jude
- Diabetes Center, Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne OL6 9RW, UK
- Department of Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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11
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Fotiadou R, Lefas D, Vougiouklaki D, Tsakni A, Houhoula D, Stamatis H. Enzymatic Modification of Pomace Olive Oil with Natural Antioxidants: Effect on Oxidative Stability. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1034. [PMID: 37509070 PMCID: PMC10377084 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic lipophilization has been proposed as a cost-effective strategy to produce new liposoluble antioxidant compounds. In this study, modified oils rich in structured phenolipids were prepared via one-pot enzymatic acylation of hydroxytyrosol (HTYR), vanillyl alcohol (VA) and homovanillyl alcohol (HVA) with pomace olive oil (POO) in solvent-free conditions using immobilized lipase on biogenic nanoparticles. The effect of temperature (30-70 °C) and enzyme concentration (0.1-1%, w/w) on the efficiency of the bioprocess as well as the reusability of the nanobiocatalyst were thoroughly investigated. The modified oils exhibited increased antioxidant activity compared to the control oil according to DPPH and CUPRAC assays (p < 0.05). The oxidative stability of pomace olive oil was also significantly enhanced after modification, as depicted by the K232 values and TBARS contents under accelerated oxidation at 60 °C (p < 0.05). Moreover, a fortified mayonnaise containing modified oil with HTYR was prepared that was noticeably stable compared to the control mayonnaise at 28 °C for 5 months (p < 0.05). Enzymatically modified oils have great potential for application in the nutraceutical and food industry, encouraging the exploitation of immobilized lipases as effective and green catalytic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renia Fotiadou
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Lefas
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Despina Vougiouklaki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Aliki Tsakni
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Houhoula
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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12
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Bešlo D, Golubić N, Rastija V, Agić D, Karnaš M, Šubarić D, Lučić B. Antioxidant Activity, Metabolism, and Bioavailability of Polyphenols in the Diet of Animals. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1141. [PMCID: PMC10294820 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As the world’s population grows, so does the need for more and more animal feed. In 2006, the EU banned the use of antibiotics and other chemicals in order to reduce chemical residues in food consumed by humans. It is well known that oxidative stress and inflammatory processes must be combated to achieve higher productivity. The adverse effects of the use of pharmaceuticals and other synthetic compounds on animal health and product quality and safety have increased interest in phytocompounds. With the use of plant polyphenols in animal nutrition, they are gaining more attention as a supplement to animal feed. Livestock feeding based on a sustainable, environmentally friendly approach (clean, safe, and green agriculture) would also be a win–win for farmers and society. There is an increasing interest in producing healthier products of animal origin with a higher ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to saturated fatty acids by modulating animal nutrition. Secondary plant metabolites (polyphenols) are essential chemical compounds for plant physiology as they are involved in various functions such as growth, pigmentation, and resistance to pathogenic organisms. Polyphenols are exogenous antioxidants that act as one of the first lines of cell defense. Therefore, the discoveries on the intracellular antioxidant activity of polyphenols as a plant supplement have contributed significantly to the improvement of antioxidant activity, as polyphenols prevent oxidative stress damage and eliminate excessively produced free radicals. To achieve animal welfare, reduce stress and the need for medicines, and increase the quality of food of animal origin, the addition of polyphenols to research and breeding can be practised in part with a free-choice approach to animal nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drago Bešlo
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.G.); (V.R.); (D.A.); (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Nataša Golubić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.G.); (V.R.); (D.A.); (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Vesna Rastija
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.G.); (V.R.); (D.A.); (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Dejan Agić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.G.); (V.R.); (D.A.); (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Maja Karnaš
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.G.); (V.R.); (D.A.); (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Domagoj Šubarić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.G.); (V.R.); (D.A.); (M.K.); (D.Š.)
| | - Bono Lučić
- NMR Center, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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13
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Marx ÍMG. Co-Extraction Technique Improves Functional Capacity and Health-Related Benefits of Olive Oils: A Mini Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081667. [PMID: 37107462 PMCID: PMC10137819 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive oil, a fundamental component of the Mediterranean diet, is recognized as a functional food due to its health-promoting composition. The concentration of phenolic compounds in olive oil is influenced by various factors such as genetics, agro-climatic conditions, and technological processes. Therefore, to ensure an ideal intake of phenolics through the diet, it is recommended to produce functional enriched olive oil that contains a high concentration of bioactive compounds. The co-extraction technique is used to create innovative and differentiated products that promote the sensory and health-related composition of oils. To enrich olive oil, various natural sources of bioactive compounds can be used, including raw materials derived from the same olive tree such as olive leaves, as well as other compounds from plants and vegetables, such as herbs and spices (garlic, lemon, hot pepper, rosemary, thyme, and oregano). The development of functional enriched olive oils can contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases and improve consumers' quality of life. This mini-review compiles and discusses relevant scientific information related to the development of enriched olive oil using the co-extraction technique and its positive effects on the health-related composition of oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ítala M G Marx
- Mountain Research Center (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Sustainability and Technology in Mountain Regions (SusTEC), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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14
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Micheli L, Bertini L, Bonato A, Villanova N, Caruso C, Caruso M, Bernini R, Tirone F. Role of Hydroxytyrosol and Oleuropein in the Prevention of Aging and Related Disorders: Focus on Neurodegeneration, Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071767. [PMID: 37049607 PMCID: PMC10096778 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multi-faceted process caused by the accumulation of cellular damage over time, associated with a gradual reduction of physiological activities in cells and organs. This degeneration results in a reduced ability to adapt to homeostasis perturbations and an increased incidence of illnesses such as cognitive decline, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and skeletal muscle pathologies. Key features of aging include a chronic low-grade inflammation state and a decrease of the autophagic process. The Mediterranean diet has been associated with longevity and ability to counteract the onset of age-related disorders. Extra virgin olive oil, a fundamental component of this diet, contains bioactive polyphenolic compounds as hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and oleuropein (OLE), known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This review is focused on brain, skeletal muscle, and gut microbiota, as these systems are known to interact at several levels. After the description of the chemistry and pharmacokinetics of HTyr and OLE, we summarize studies reporting their effects in in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases of the central/peripheral nervous system, adult neurogenesis and depression, senescence and lifespan, and age-related skeletal muscle disorders, as well as their impact on the composition of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bertini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Agnese Bonato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Noemi Villanova
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Carla Caruso
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maurizia Caruso
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Via E. Ramarini 32, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
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15
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Farhan N, Rageh Al-Maleki A, Ataei S, Muhamad Sarih N, Yahya R. Synthesis, DFT study, theoretical and experimental spectroscopy of fatty amides based on extra-virgin olive oil and their antibacterial activity. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106511. [PMID: 37027951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Medication products from natural materials are preferred due to their minimal side effects. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a highly acclaimed Mediterranean diet and a common source of lipids that lowers morbidity and disease severity. This study synthesised two fatty amides from EVOO: hydroxamic fatty acids (FHA) and fatty hydrazide hydrate (FHH). The Density Functional Theory (DFT) was applied to quantum mechanics computation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), and element analysis were used to characterise fatty amides. Likewise, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and timing kill assay were determined. The results revealed that 82 % for FHA and 80 % for FHH conversion were achieved. The amidation reagent/EVOO ratio (mmol: mmol) was 7:1, using the reaction time of 12 h and hexane as an organic solvent. The results further revealed that fatty amides have high antibacterial activity with low concentration at 0.04 μg/mL during eight h of FHA and 0.3 μg/mL during ten h of FHH. This research inferred that FHA and FHH could provide an alternative and effective therapeutic strategy for bacterial diseases. Current findings could provide the basis for the modernisation/introduction of novel and more effective antibacterial drugs derived from natural products.
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16
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Vazquez-Aguilar A, Sanchez-Rodriguez E, Rodriguez-Perez C, Rangel-Huerta OD, Mesa MD. Metabolomic-Based Studies of the Intake of Virgin Olive Oil: A Comprehensive Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040472. [PMID: 37110130 PMCID: PMC10142154 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Virgin olive oil (VOO) is a high-value product from the Mediterranean diet. Some health and nutritional benefits have been associated with its consumption, not only because of its monounsaturated-rich triacylglycerols but also due to its minor bioactive components. The search for specific metabolites related to VOO consumption may provide valuable information to identify the specific bioactive components and to understand possible molecular and metabolic mechanisms implicated in those health effects. In this regard, metabolomics, considered a key analytical tool in nutritional studies, offers a better understanding of the regulatory functions of food components on human nutrition, well-being, and health. For that reason, the aim of the present review is to summarize the available scientific evidence related to the metabolic effects of VOO or its minor bioactive compounds in human, animal, and in vitro studies using metabolomics approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vazquez-Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Estefania Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Celia Rodriguez-Perez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus Melilla C/Santander, 52005 Melilla, Spain
| | | | - Maria D. Mesa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Primary Care Promotion of Maternal, Child and Women’s Health for Prevention of Adult Chronic Diseases Network (RD21/0012/0008), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Panichi V, Bissoli I, D'Adamo S, Flamigni F, Cetrullo S, Borzì RM. NOTCH1: A Novel Player in the Molecular Crosstalk Underlying Articular Chondrocyte Protection by Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065830. [PMID: 36982904 PMCID: PMC10058228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, but no effective and safe disease-modifying treatment is available. Risk factors such as age, sex, genetics, injuries and obesity can concur to the onset of the disease, variably triggering the loss of maturational arrest of chondrocytes further sustained by oxidative stress, inflammation and catabolism. Different types of nutraceuticals have been studied for their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Olive-derived polyphenols draw particular interest due to their ability to dampen the activation of pivotal signaling pathways in OA. Our study aims to investigate the effects of oleuropein (OE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) in in vitro OA models and elucidate their possible effects on NOTCH1, a novel therapeutic target for OA. Chondrocytes were cultured and exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Detailed analysis was carried out about the OE/HT mitigating effects on the release of ROS (DCHF-DA), the increased gene expression of catabolic and inflammatory markers (real time RT-PCR), the release of MMP-13 (ELISA and Western blot) and the activation of underlying signaling pathways (Western blot). Our findings show that HT/OE efficiently attenuates LPS-induced effects by firstly reducing the activation of JNK and of the NOTCH1 pathway downstream. In conclusion, our study provides molecular bases supporting the dietary supplementation of olive-derived polyphenols to revert/delay the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Panichi
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all'Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Bissoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania D'Adamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Flavio Flamigni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Cetrullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Borzì
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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18
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Almanza-Aguilera E, Davila-Cordova E, Guiñón-Fort D, Farràs M, Masala G, Santucci de Magistris M, Baldassari I, Tumino R, Padroni L, Katzke VA, Schulze MB, Scalbert A, Zamora-Ros R. Correlation Analysis between Dietary Intake of Tyrosols and Their Food Sources and Urinary Excretion of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol in a European Population. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:715. [PMID: 36978963 PMCID: PMC10044744 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the correlations between the acute and habitual intake of dietary tyrosols, their main food sources, and 24 h urine excretions of tyrosol (Tyr) and hydroxytyrosol (OHTyr) in participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC). Participants (n = 419) were healthy men and women aged from 34 to 73 years from 8 EPIC centers belonging to France, Italy, and Germany. Acute and habitual dietary data were collected using a standardized 24 h dietary recall software and validated country-specific dietary questionnaires, respectively. The intake of 13 dietary tyrosols was estimated using the Phenol-Explorer database. Excretions of Tyr and OHTyr in a single 24 h urine sample were analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry. Urinary excretions of Tyr, OHTyr, and their sum (Tyr + OHTyr) correlated more strongly with their corresponding acute (rhopartial~0.63) rather than habitual intakes (rhopartial~0.47). In addition, individual and combined urinary excretions of Tyr and OHTyr were weakly to moderately correlated with the acute and habitual intake of other individual tyrosol precursors (rhopartial = 0.10-0.44) and especially with major food sources, such as wine (rhopartial = 0.41-0.58), olive oil (rhopartial = 0.25-0.44), and beer (rhopartial = 0.14-0.23). Urinary Tyr + OHTyr excretions were similarly correlated with the acute intake of total tyrosols but differently correlated with food sources among countries. Based on these results, we conclude that 24 h urinary excretions of Tyr + OHTyr could be proposed as biomarkers of total tyrosol intake, preferably for acute intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Almanza-Aguilera
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Estefanía Davila-Cordova
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Daniel Guiñón-Fort
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Marta Farràs
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Baldassari
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP 7), 97100 Ragusa, Italy
| | - Lisa Padroni
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University, Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Verena A Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B. Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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19
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Monteiro CS, Bortolazzo PC, Bonini CAA, Dluzniewski LT, da Silva DT, Baranzelli J, Smaniotto FA, Ballus CA, Lozano-Sánchez J, Somacal S, Emanuelli T. Effect of micronization on olive pomace biotransformation in the static model of colonic fermentation. Food Chem 2023; 418:135921. [PMID: 36996652 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of granulometric fractionation and micronization of olive pomace (OP) on the biotransformation of phenolic compounds by intestinal microbiota was investigated in vitro. Three types of powdered OP samples were incubated with human feces to simulate colonic fermentation, after a sequential static digestion: non-fractionated OP (NF), granulometrically fractionated OP (GF) and granulometrically fractionated and micronized OP (GFM). GF and GFM favored the release of hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein aglycone, apigenin and phenolic acid metabolites in the first hours of colonic fermentation compared to NF (up to 41-fold higher). GFM caused higher release of hydroxytyrosol than GF. GFM was the only sample to release tyrosol and sustained tyrosol levels up to 24 h of fermentation. Micronization associated with granulometric fractionation was more efficient than granulometric fractionation alone to increase the release of phenolic compounds from the OP matrix during simulated colonic fermentation and can be further studied for nutraceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Sant'Anna Monteiro
- Graduate Program on Food Science and Technology, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Colpo Bortolazzo
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Araujo Amorim Bonini
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana Tamires Dluzniewski
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Dariane Trivisiol da Silva
- Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Baranzelli
- Graduate Program on Food Science and Technology, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciele Aline Smaniotto
- Graduate Program on Food Science and Technology, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Augusto Ballus
- Graduate Program on Food Science and Technology, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Bioregion Building, PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sabrina Somacal
- Graduate Program on Food Science and Technology, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Graduate Program on Food Science and Technology, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL), Department of Food Technology and Science, Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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20
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Ali M, Benfante V, Stefano A, Yezzi A, Di Raimondo D, Tuttolomondo A, Comelli A. Anti-Arthritic and Anti-Cancer Activities of Polyphenols: A Review of the Most Recent In Vitro Assays. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020361. [PMID: 36836717 PMCID: PMC9967894 DOI: 10.3390/life13020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have gained widespread attention as they are effective in the prevention and management of various diseases, including cancer diseases (CD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They are natural organic substances present in fruits, vegetables, and spices. Polyphenols interact with various kinds of receptors and membranes. They modulate different signal cascades and interact with the enzymes responsible for CD and RA. These interactions involve cellular machinery, from cell membranes to major nuclear components, and provide information on their beneficial effects on health. These actions provide evidence for their pharmaceutical exploitation in the treatment of CD and RA. In this review, we discuss different pathways, modulated by polyphenols, which are involved in CD and RA. A search of the most recent relevant publications was carried out with the following criteria: publication date, 2012-2022; language, English; study design, in vitro; and the investigation of polyphenols present in extra virgin olive, grapes, and spices in the context of RA and CD, including, when available, the underlying molecular mechanisms. This review is valuable for clarifying the mechanisms of polyphenols targeting the pathways of senescence and leading to the development of CD and RA treatments. Herein, we focus on research reports that emphasize antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Benfante
- Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandro Stefano
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 90015 Cefalù, Italy
| | - Anthony Yezzi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Domenico Di Raimondo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Albert Comelli
- Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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21
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Spagnuolo C, Moccia S, Tedesco I, Crescente G, Volpe MG, Russo M, Russo GL. Phenolic Extract from Extra Virgin Olive Oil Induces Different Anti-Proliferative Pathways in Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010182. [PMID: 36615840 PMCID: PMC9823665 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular consumption of olive oil is associated with protection against chronic-degenerative diseases, such as cancer. Epidemiological evidence indicates an inverse association between olive oil intake and bladder cancer risk. Bladder cancer is among the most common forms of cancer; in particular, the transitional cell carcinoma histotype shows aggressive behavior. We investigated the anti-proliferative effects of a phenolic extract prepared from an extra virgin olive oil (EVOOE) on two human bladder cancer cell lines, namely RT112 and J82, representing the progression from low-grade to high-grade tumors, respectively. In RT112, the EVOOE reduced cell viability (IC50 = 240 μg/mL at 24 h), triggering a non-protective form of autophagy, evidenced by the autophagosome formation and the increase in LC-3 lipidation. In J82, EVOOE induced a strong decrease in cell viability after 24 h of treatment (IC50 = 65.8 μg/mL) through rapid and massive apoptosis, assessed by Annexin V positivity and caspase-3 and -9 activation. Moreover, in both bladder cancer cell lines, EVOOE reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species, but this antioxidant effect was not correlated with its anti-proliferative outcomes. Data obtained suggest that the mixture of phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil activates different anti-proliferative pathways.
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22
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Evaluation of quality and safety of beef hamburgers fortified with Ozonated Extra Virgin Olive Oil. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Biochemistry of Antioxidants: Mechanisms and Pharmaceutical Applications. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123051. [PMID: 36551806 PMCID: PMC9776363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, meats, eggs and fish protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals. They are widely used to reduce food loss and waste, minimizing lipid oxidation, as well as for their effects on health through pharmaceutical preparations. In fact, the use of natural antioxidants is among the main efforts made to relieve the pressure on natural resources and to move towards more sustainable food and pharmaceutical systems. Alternative food waste management approaches include the valorization of by-products as a source of phenolic compounds for functional food formulations. In this review, we will deal with the chemistry of antioxidants, including their molecular structures and reaction mechanisms. The biochemical aspects will also be reviewed, including the effects of acidity and temperature on their partitioning in binary and multiphasic systems. The poor bioavailability of antioxidants remains a huge constraint for clinical applications, and we will briefly describe some delivery systems that provide for enhanced pharmacological action of antioxidants via drug targeting and increased bioavailability. The pharmacological activity of antioxidants can be improved by designing nanotechnology-based formulations, and recent nanoformulations include nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, liposomes/proliposomes, phytosomes and solid lipid nanoparticles, all showing promising outcomes in improving the efficiency and bioavailability of antioxidants. Finally, an overview of the pharmacological effects, therapeutic properties and future choice of antioxidants will be incorporated.
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24
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Martins BT, Bronze MR, Ventura MR. Phenolic Compounds from Virgin Olive Oil: Approaches for Their Synthesis and Analogues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14109-14128. [PMID: 36301258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Virgin olive oil (VOO) is the main fat consumed by populations in the Mediterranean basin, and phenolic compounds, minor components of this fat, are known to be responsible for diverse health benefits when consumed in a regular diet. According to numerous investigations, these benefits are mostly related to phenols such as tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol and secoiridoid derivatives such as ligstroside, oleuropein, oleocanthal and oleacein. These compounds are present in low concentrations, and for some of them, standards are not commercially available, hampering studies on the mechanisms underlying their biological activity. In order to contribute to a better knowledge of the bioactivity of these compounds and their metabolites, they must be available with high purity and in sufficient amounts for the assays. Chemical synthesis has been considered a convenient way to obtain these compounds. This Review will focus on the synthesis of representative VOO compounds, namely, ligstroside, oleuropein, oleocanthal, oleacein and analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz T Martins
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Bronze
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- FFULisboa-Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal
- IBET-Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Rita Ventura
- ITQB NOVA-Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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25
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Red osier dogwood and its use in animal nutrition: A review. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 13:64-77. [PMID: 37009073 PMCID: PMC10060110 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As the human population increases globally, the food animal industry has not been spared from the monumental demand for edible animal products, particularly meat. This has necessitated the simultaneous expansion of the productivity of the animal sector to meet the ever-growing human needs. Although antibiotics have been used in food animal production with commendable positive impacts on their growth performance, their sole contributive factor to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance has ushered the strict restrictions placed on their use in the animal sector. This has handed a setback to both animals and farmers; thus, the intense push for a more sustainable antibiotic alternative for use in animal production. The use of plants with concentrated phytogenic compounds has gained much interest due to their beneficial bioactivities, including antioxidant and selective antimicrobial. While the reported beneficial activities of phytogenic additives on animals vary due to their varying total polyphenol concentrations (TPC), red osier dogwood (ROD) plant materials boast of high TPC with excellent antioxidant prowess and growth improvement capacities compared to some plant extracts commonly used in research. However, its adoption in research and commercial scale is still low. Thus, the present review aims to provide concise information on the dietary potential of ROD plant materials in animal feeding.
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26
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Bounegru AV, Apetrei C. Studies on the Detection of Oleuropein from Extra Virgin Olive Oils Using Enzymatic Biosensors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012569. [PMID: 36293426 PMCID: PMC9604468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein (OLEU) is an important indicator of the quality and authenticity of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO). Electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the detection of oleuropein can be used to test the adulteration of extra virgin olive oils. The present study aimed at the qualitative and quantitative determination of oleuropein in commercial EVOO samples by applying electrochemical techniques, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The sensing devices used were two newly constructed enzyme biosensors, supported on single-layer carbon-nanotube-modified carbon screen-printed electrode (SPE/SWCNT) on whose surface tyrosinase (SPE/SWCNT/Tyr) and laccase (SPE/SWCNT/Lac) were immobilized, respectively. The active surfaces of the two biosensors were analyzed and characterized by different methods, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the results confirmed the efficient immobilization of the enzymes. SPE/SWCNT/Tyr was characterized by a low detection limit (LOD = 9.53 × 10−8 M) and a very good sensitivity (0.0718 μA·μM−1·cm−2) over a wide linearity range from 0.49 to 11.22 μM. The process occurring at the biosensor surface corresponds to kinetics (h = 0.90), and tyrosinase showed a high affinity towards OLEU. The tyrosinase-based biosensor was shown to have superior sensitive properties to the laccase-based one. Quantitative determination of OLEU in EVOOs was performed using SPE/SWCNT/Tyr and the results confirmed the presence of the compound in close amounts in the EVOOs analysed, proving that they have very good sensory properties.
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27
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López-Yerena A, Grases-Pintó B, Zhan-Dai S, Pérez-Cano FJ, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Vallverdú-Queralt A. Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation: New evidence for the vertical transmission of extra virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in rats. Food Chem 2022; 391:133211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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28
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Mariotti R, Núñez-Carmona E, Genzardi D, Pandolfi S, Sberveglieri V, Mousavi S. Volatile Olfactory Profiles of Umbrian Extra Virgin Olive Oils and Their Discrimination through MOX Chemical Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7164. [PMID: 36236259 PMCID: PMC9572317 DOI: 10.3390/s22197164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the best vegetable oil worldwide but, at the same time, is one of the product victims of fraud in the agri-food sector, and the differences about quality within the extra-virgin olive oil category are often missed. Several scientific techniques were applied in order to guarantee the authenticity and quality of this EVOO. In the present study, the volatile compounds (VOCs) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with solid-phase micro-extraction detection (GC-MS SPME), organoleptic analysis by the official Slow Food panel and the detection by a Small Sensor System (S3) were applied. Ten EVOOs from Umbria, a central Italian region, were selected from the 2021 Slow Food Italian extra virgin olive oil official guide, which includes hundreds of high-quality olive oils. The results demonstrated the possibility to discriminate the ten EVOOs, even if they belong to the same Italian region, by all three techniques. The result of GC-MS SPME detection was comparable at the discrimination level to the organoleptic test with few exceptions, while the S3 was able to better separate some EVOOs, which were not discriminated perfectly by the other two methods. The correlation analysis performed among and between the three methodologies allowed us to identify 388 strong associations with a p value less than 0.05. This study has highlighted how much the mix of VOCs was different even among few and localized EVOOs. The correlation with the sensor detection, which is faster and chipper compared to the other two techniques, elucidated the similarities and discrepancies between the applied methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mariotti
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Estefanía Núñez-Carmona
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, URT-Reggio Emilia, Via J. F. Kennedy 17/I, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Dario Genzardi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, URT-Reggio Emilia, Via J. F. Kennedy 17/I, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Saverio Pandolfi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Veronica Sberveglieri
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, URT-Reggio Emilia, Via J. F. Kennedy 17/I, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, 06128 Perugia, Italy
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29
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Metabolism and Bioavailability of Olive Bioactive Constituents Based on In Vitro, In Vivo and Human Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183773. [PMID: 36145149 PMCID: PMC9504511 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of olive products has been established as a health-promoting dietary pattern due to their high content in compounds with eminent pharmacological properties and well-described bioactivities. However, their metabolism has not yet been fully described. The present critical review aimed to gather all scientific data of the past two decades regarding the absorption and metabolism of the foremost olive compounds, specifically of the phenylalcohols hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and tyrosol (Tyr) and the secoiridoids oleacein (Olea), oleocanthal (Oleo) and oleuropein (Oleu). A meticulous record of the in vitro assays and in vivo (animals and humans) studies of the characteristic olive compounds was cited, and a critical discussion on their bioavailability and metabolism was performed taking into account data from their gut microbial metabolism. The existing critical review summarizes the existing knowledge regarding the bioavailability and metabolism of olive-characteristic phenylalchohols and secoiridoids and spotlights the lack of data for specific chemical groups and compounds. Critical observations and conclusions were derived from correlating structure with bioavailability data, while results from in vitro, animal and human studies were compared and discussed, giving significant insight to the future design of research approaches for the total bioavailability and metabolism exploration thereof.
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30
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Costa M, Costa V, Lopes M, Paiva-Martins F. A biochemical perspective on the fate of virgin olive oil phenolic compounds in vivo. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1403-1428. [PMID: 36094444 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2116558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of the phenolic compounds found in virgin olive oil (VOO) is very complex due, not only to the different classes of polyphenols that can be found in it, but, above all, due to the existence of a very specific phenol class found only in oleaceae plants: the secoiridoids. Searching in the Scopus data base the keywords flavonoid, phenolic acid, lignin and secoiridoid, we can find a number of 148174, 79435, 11326 and 1392 research articles respectively, showing how little is devote to the latter class of compounds. Moreover, in contrast with other classes, that include only phenolic compounds, secoiridoids may include phenolic and non-phenolic compounds, being the articles concerning phenolic secoiridoids much less than the half of the abovementioned articles. Therefore, it is important to clarify the structures of these compounds and their chemistry, as this knowledge will help understand their bioactivity and metabolism studies, usually performed by researchers with a more health science's related background. In this review, all the structures found in many research articles concerning VOO phenolic compounds chemistry and metabolism was gathered, with a special attention devoted to the secoiridoids, the main phenolic compound class found in olives, VOO and olive leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vânia Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Lopes
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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31
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Ibrahim MA, Khalifa AM, Mohamed AA, Galhom RA, Korayem HE, Abd El-Fadeal NM, Abd-Eltawab Tammam A, Khalifa MM, Elserafy OS, Abdel-Karim RI. Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Their Conditioned Media, and Olive Leaf Extract Protect against Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity by Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Rats. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10090526. [PMID: 36136492 PMCID: PMC9504158 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10090526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic and renal damage is a cisplatin (Cis)-induced deleterious effect that is a major limiting factor in clinical chemotherapy. OBJECTIVES The current study was designed to investigate the influence of pretreatment with olive leaf extract (OLE), bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC), and their conditioned media (CM-MSC) against genotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and immunotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats. METHODS The rats were randomly divided into six groups (six rats each) as follows: Control; OLE group, treated with OLE; Cis group, treated with a single intraperitoneal dose of Cis (7 mg/kg bw); Cis + OLE group, treated with OLE and cisplatin; Cis + CM-MSC group, treated with BM-MSC conditioned media and Cis; and Cis + MSC group, treated with BM-MSC in addition to Cis. RESULTS Cis resulted in a significant deterioration in hepatic and renal functions and histological structures. Furthermore, it increased inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased glutathione (GSH) content, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hepatic and renal tissues. Furthermore, apoptosis was evident in rat tissues. A significant increase in serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), nitric oxide (NO) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and a decrease in lysozyme activity were detected in Cis-treated rats. OLE, CM-MSC, and BM-MSC have significantly ameliorated Cis-induced deterioration in hepatic and renal structure and function and improved oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, with preference to BM-MSC. Moreover, apoptosis was significantly inhibited, evident from the decreased expression of Bax and caspase-3 genes and upregulation of Bcl-2 proteins in protective groups as compared to Cis group. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that BM-MSC, CM-MSC, and OLE have beneficial effects in ameliorating cisplatin-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrous A. Ibrahim
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt or
| | - Athar M. Khalifa
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa A. Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Division, Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Rania A. Galhom
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Horeya E. Korayem
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Noha M. Abd El-Fadeal
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abd-Eltawab Tammam
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 41412, Saudi Arabia
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mansour Khalifa
- Human Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Human Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama S. Elserafy
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences Department, King Fahd Security College, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab I. Abdel-Karim
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (SCU), Ismailia 41522, Egypt or
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D’Archivio M, Santangelo C, Silenzi A, Scazzocchio B, Varì R, Masella R. Dietary EVOO Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota Interaction: Are There Any Sex/Gender Influences? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091744. [PMID: 36139818 PMCID: PMC9495659 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that regular consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet, is associated with beneficial health effects and a reduced risk of developing chronic degenerative disorders. The beneficial effects of EVOO can be attributed to its unique composition in monounsaturated fats and phenolic compounds that provide important antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating activities. On the other hand, it is well known that the gut microbiota has several important roles in normal human physiology, and its composition can be influenced by a multitude of environmental and lifestyle factors, among which dietary components play a relevant role. In the last few years, the two-way interaction between polyphenols, including those in EVOO, and the gut microbiota, i.e., the modulation of the microbiota by polyphenols and that of polyphenol metabolism and bioavailability by the microbiota, has attracted growing attention, being potentially relevant to explain the final effects of polyphenols, as well as of the microbiota profile. Furthermore, sex and gender can affect dietary habits, polyphenol intake, and nutrient metabolism. Lastly, it has been recently suggested that differences in gut microbiota composition could be involved in the unequal incidence of metabolic diseases observed between women and men, due to sex-dependent effects on shaping gut microbiota profiles according to diet. This review summarizes the most recent studies on the relationship between EVOO polyphenols and the gut microbiota, taking into account possible influences of sex and gender in modulating such an interaction.
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Mahmod AI, Haif SK, Kamal A, Al-Ataby IA, Talib WH. Chemoprevention effect of the Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer: Current studies and future prospects. Front Nutr 2022; 9:924192. [PMID: 35990343 PMCID: PMC9386380 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.924192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most deadly cancer worldwide. Nevertheless, more than 70% of CRC cases are resulted from sporadic tumorigenesis and are not inherited. Since adenoma-carcinoma development is a slow process and may take up to 20 years, diet-based chemoprevention could be an effective approach in sporadic CRC. The Mediterranean diet is an example of a healthy diet pattern that consists of a combination of nutraceuticals that prevent several chronic diseases and cancer. Many epidemiological studies have shown the correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and low incidence of CRC. The goal of this review is to shed the light on the anti-inflammatory and anti-colorectal cancer potentials of the natural bioactive compounds derived from the main foods in the Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shatha Khaled Haif
- Department of Pharmacy, Princess Sarvath Community College, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayah Kamal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Israa A Al-Ataby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Lopes R, Costa V, Costa M, Paiva-Martins F. Olive oil oleogels as strategy to confer nutritional advantages to burgers. Food Chem 2022; 397:133724. [PMID: 35908461 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of bovine back fat replacement by oleogels containing pork skin and olive oil on the oxidative stability, physicochemical, technological, nutritional, and sensory parameters of burgers was evaluated. Four different hamburger (H) were manufactured: with 90 % of lean beef and 10 % of bovine back fat (control, HC), or with 10 % of pork skin/water/virgin olive oil (HVOO), stripped olive oil added of an olive leaf extract (HESOO) or stripped olive oil (HSOO) oleogels, at 20:60:20 ratio. Physical-chemical stability was assessed after storage for 7 days at 4 °C and for 90 days at -20 °C, under non-vacuum and vacuum packaging. A reduction in the fat content by 80 % and in the energy content by 35 %, an increase in the protein content by 15 % and a better fatty acid profile were achieved in the oleogel containing burgers. After processing at 180 °C (grill), hardness, chewiness, sensory parameters and overall acceptability were high and comparable to control. All burgers were oxidative stable during 7 days at 4 °C. After storage for 90 days at -20 °C, only HSOO samples stored under non-vacuum packaging were oxidized. The antioxidant content in samples HVOO and HESOO efficiently prevented the oxidation of these samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Lopes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vânia Costa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marlene Costa
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Paiva-Martins
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, Porto, Portugal
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Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of the Antioxidant Hydroxytyrosol on the Hippocampus Proteome in a Porcine Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061135. [PMID: 35740029 PMCID: PMC9219860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of a mother’s diet with antioxidants such as hydroxytyrosol (HTX) has been proposed to ameliorate the adverse phenotypes of foetuses affected by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Our previous studies showed, in a porcine model of IUGR, an effect of maternal HTX supplementation on the neurotransmitter profile of several brain areas and the morphology of the hippocampus in 100 days old foetuses. The present study analyzed the impact of maternal HTX supplementation on the hippocampus proteome at this foetal age by TMT10plex labelling. Eleven differentially abundant proteins were identified by comparing both conditions, and eight of them downregulated and three upregulated in the HTX-treated group. The downregulated proteins were mainly involved in protein synthesis and RNA metabolism and may explain the differences in neuron differentiation in the HTX-treated group. The upregulated proteins were related to cell detoxification and could represent a potential mechanism to explain the neuroprotective effect of HTX.
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Sakavitsi ME, Breynaert A, Nikou T, Lauwers S, Pieters L, Hermans N, Halabalaki M. Availability and Metabolic Fate of Olive Phenolic Alcohols Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol in the Human GI Tract Simulated by the In Vitro GIDM–Colon Model. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050391. [PMID: 35629895 PMCID: PMC9144922 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HTyr) and tyrosol (Tyr) are the most well studied phenolic alcohols of olive oil and olive products demonstrating numerous and significant beneficial health effects. However, their activity in the human organism as food bioactives is strongly associated with their bioavailability and metabolism, while manifested through their metabolites. Nevertheless, there are limited studies investigating their biotransformation and mainly catabolism by gut microflora under a holistic interpretation close to the human organism. Thus, in the present study, the GastroIntestinal Dialysis (GIDM)-colon model, a continuous flow in vitro dialysis system mimicking physiological conditions during human gastrointestinal digestion, was used to explore the metabolism of HTyr and Tyr as pure compounds. The GIDM–colon model simulates absorption from the lumen to the mucosa, followed by the colon phase using pooled human fecal suspensions. Samples were collected at different time points and analyzed via LC–Orbitrap MS. An integrated approach combining Multivariate Data Analysis (MVA) and thorough dereplication procedures led to the identification of HTyr and Tyr metabolites in different phases (gastric, small intestine, and colon), yielding also valuable information about metabolites kinetics. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting full spectrometric data of HTyr and Tyr metabolites along with possible transformation mechanisms in the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eleni Sakavitsi
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.E.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Annelies Breynaert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Theodora Nikou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.E.S.); (T.N.)
| | - Stef Lauwers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Nina Hermans
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; (A.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: (N.H.); (M.H.); Tel.: +32-32652732 (N.H.); +30-2107274781 (M.H.)
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (M.E.S.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: (N.H.); (M.H.); Tel.: +32-32652732 (N.H.); +30-2107274781 (M.H.)
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Pitsillou E, Liang JJ, Beh RC, Prestedge J, Catak S, Hung A, Karagiannis TC. Identification of novel bioactive compounds from Olea europaea by evaluation of chemical compounds in the OliveNet™ library: in silico bioactivity and molecular modelling, and in vitro validation of hERG activity. Comput Biol Med 2022; 142:105247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Porro C, La Torre ME, Tartaglia N, Benameur T, Santini M, Ambrosi A, Messina G, Cibelli G, Fiorelli A, Polito R, Messina G. The Potential Role of Nutrition in Lung Cancer Establishment and Progression. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:270. [PMID: 35207557 PMCID: PMC8877211 DOI: 10.3390/life12020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a devastating disease with a high incidence and low survival rates, so recent studies have focused on analyzing the risk factors that might prevent this disease from developing or have protective/therapeutic effects. Nutrition is an important key factor in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. Various factors appear to be involved in the development of the latter, such as cigarette smoking or certain external environmental factors. The increase in oxidative stress is therefore an integral part of the carcinogenesis process. The biological role of bioactive factors derived from adipose tissue, mainly adipokines, is implicated in various cancers, and an increasing body of evidence has shown that certain adipocytokines contribute to the development, progression and prognosis of lung cancer. Not all adipokines stimulate tumor growth; in fact, adiponectin inhibits carcinogenesis by regulating both cell growth and the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Adiponectin expression is deregulated in several cancer types. Many nutritional factors have been shown to increase adiponectin levels and therefore could be used as a new therapeutic strategy for combating lung cancer. In addition, foods with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties play a key role in the prevention of many human diseases, including lung cancer. The purpose of this review is to analyze the role of diet in lung cancer in order to recommend dietary habit and lifestyle changes to prevent or treat this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.E.L.T.); (G.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Maria Ester La Torre
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.E.L.T.); (G.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Nicola Tartaglia
- Department of Medical Additionally, Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (N.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Tarek Benameur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mario Santini
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Antonio Ambrosi
- Department of Medical Additionally, Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy; (N.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.E.L.T.); (G.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Cibelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.E.L.T.); (G.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Alfonso Fiorelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Rita Polito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.E.L.T.); (G.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Gaetana Messina
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (G.M.)
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Siroma TK, Machate DJ, Zorgetto-Pinheiro VA, Figueiredo PS, Marcelino G, Hiane PA, Bogo D, Pott A, Cury ERJ, Guimarães RDCA, Vilela MLB, Ferreira RDS, do Nascimento VA. Polyphenols and ω-3 PUFAs: Beneficial Outcomes to Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Diseases. Front Nutr 2022; 8:781622. [PMID: 35111795 PMCID: PMC8802753 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.781622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the leading causes of death in the worldwide. On the other hand, the intake of vegetables, fruits and fish is related to the reduction of obesity and other metabolic syndromes. This review aims to highlight the role of ingestion of polyphenols and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) in reducing obesity and related metabolic diseases (RMDs). The consumption of vegetables, fish and by-products rich in polyphenols and α-linolenic acid (ALA), as well as oils rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with a decrease in obesity and its RMDs in consumers. Furthermore, we discussed the adequate amount of extracts, powder, polyphenols, ω-3 PUFAs administrated in animal models and human subjects, and the relevant outcomes obtained. Thus, we appeal to the research institutions and departments of the Ministries of Health in each country to develop a food education joint project to help schools, businesses and families with the aim of reducing obesity and other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Keiko Siroma
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - David Johane Machate
- Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health - GEBABS, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Materials Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Silva Figueiredo
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Marcelino
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Danielle Bogo
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Arnildo Pott
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Elenir Rose Jardim Cury
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health - GEBABS, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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Kalai FZ, Boulaaba M, Ferdousi F, Isoda H. Effects of Isorhamnetin on Diabetes and Its Associated Complications: A Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies and a Post Hoc Transcriptome Analysis of Involved Molecular Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:704. [PMID: 35054888 PMCID: PMC8775402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 (T2DM), is a major public health problem globally. DM is characterized by high levels of glycemia and insulinemia due to impaired insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity of the cells, known as insulin resistance. T2DM causes multiple and severe complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy causing cell oxidative damages in different internal tissues, particularly the pancreas, heart, adipose tissue, liver, and kidneys. Plant extracts and their bioactive phytochemicals are gaining interest as new therapeutic and preventive alternatives for T2DM and its associated complications. In this regard, isorhamnetin, a plant flavonoid, has long been studied for its potential anti-diabetic effects. This review describes its impact on reducing diabetes-related disorders by decreasing glucose levels, ameliorating the oxidative status, alleviating inflammation, and modulating lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation by regulating involved signaling pathways reported in the in vitro and in vivo studies. Additionally, we include a post hoc whole-genome transcriptome analysis of biological activities of isorhamnetin using a stem cell-based tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Zar Kalai
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (F.Z.K.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology, Technopark of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Mondher Boulaaba
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (F.Z.K.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology, Technopark of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Farhana Ferdousi
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (F.Z.K.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (F.Z.K.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
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Polyphenols as Antioxidants for Extending Food Shelf-Life and in the Prevention of Health Diseases: Encapsulation and Interfacial Phenomena. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121909. [PMID: 34944722 PMCID: PMC8698762 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxicity caused by the exposure to human-made chemicals and environmental conditions has become a major health concern because they may significantly increase the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), negatively affecting the endogenous antioxidant defense. Living systems have evolved complex antioxidant mechanisms to protect cells from oxidative conditions. Although oxidative stress contributes to various pathologies, the intake of molecules such as polyphenols, obtained from natural sources, may limit their effects because of their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against lipid peroxidation and against a broad range of foodborne pathogens. Ingestion of polyphenol-rich foods, such as fruits and vegetables, help to reduce the harmful effects of ROS, but the use of supramolecular and nanomaterials as delivery systems has emerged as an efficient method to improve their pharmacological and therapeutic effects. Suitable exogenous polyphenolic antioxidants should be readily absorbed and delivered to sites where pathological oxidative damage may take place, for instance, intracellular locations. Many potential antioxidants have a poor bioavailability, but they can be encapsulated to improve their ideal solubility and permeability profile. Development of effective antioxidant strategies requires the creation of new nanoscale drug delivery systems to significantly reduce oxidative stress. In this review we provide an overview of the oxidative stress process, highlight some properties of ROS, and discuss the role of natural polyphenols as bioactives in controlling the overproduction of ROS and bacterial and fungal growth, paying special attention to their encapsulation in suitable delivery systems and to their location in colloidal systems where interfaces play a crucial role.
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Serreli G, Le Sayec M, Diotallevi C, Teissier A, Deiana M, Corona G. Conjugated Metabolites of Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Contribute to the Maintenance of Nitric Oxide Balance in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells at Physiologically Relevant Concentrations. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247480. [PMID: 34946563 PMCID: PMC8707355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in many pathophysiological processes. NO mediates vasodilation and blood flow in the arteries, and its action contributes to maintaining vascular homeostasis by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and growth, platelet aggregation, and leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Dietary antioxidants and their metabolites have been found to be directly and/or indirectly involved in the modulation of the intracellular signals that lead to the production of NO. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of conjugated metabolites of hydroxytyrosol (HT) and tyrosol (TYR) to the release of NO at the vascular level, and the related mechanism of action, in comparison to their parental forms. Experiments were performed in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) to evaluate the superoxide production, the release of NO and production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), the activation of serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (Akt1), and the activation state of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). It was observed that the tested phenolic compounds enhanced NO and cGMP concentration, inhibiting its depletion caused by superoxide overproduction. Moreover, some of them enhanced the activation of Akt (TYR, HT metabolites) and eNOS (HT, HVA, TYR-S, HT-3S). Overall, the obtained data showed that these compounds promote NO production and availability, suggesting that HT and TYR conjugated metabolites may contribute to the effects of parental extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolics in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Serreli
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Melanie Le Sayec
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
| | - Camilla Diotallevi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
| | - Alice Teissier
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Giulia Corona
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)20-8392-3622
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Contente ML, Annunziata F, Cannazza P, Donzella S, Pinna C, Romano D, Tamborini L, Barbosa FG, Molinari F, Pinto A. Biocatalytic Approaches for an Efficient and Sustainable Preparation of Polyphenols and Their Derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13669-13681. [PMID: 34762407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many sectors of industry, such as food, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals, have increased their interest in polyphenols due to their beneficial properties. These molecules are widely found in Nature (plants) and can be obtained through direct extraction from vegetable matrices. Polyphenols introduced through the diet may be metabolized in the human body via different biotransformations leading to compounds having different bioactivities. In this context, enzyme-catalyzed reactions are the most suitable approach to produce modified polyphenols that not only can be studied for their bioactivity but also can be labeled as green, natural products. This review aims to give an overview of the potential of biocatalysis as a powerful tool for the modification of polyphenols to enhance their bioaccessibility, bioavailability, biological activity or modification of their physicochemical properties. The main polyphenol transformations occurring during their metabolism in the human body have been also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Letizia Contente
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Annunziata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cannazza
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Donzella
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pinna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Romano
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francisco Geraldo Barbosa
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, González-Barreiro C, Martínez-Carballo E, Cambeiro-Pérez N, Rial-Otero R, Figueiredo-González M, Cancho-Grande B. Applicability of an In-Vitro Digestion Model to Assess the Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds from Olive-Related Products. Molecules 2021; 26:6667. [PMID: 34771074 PMCID: PMC8588322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet includes virgin olive oil (VOO) as the main fat and olives as snacks. In addition to providing nutritional and organoleptic properties, VOO and the fruits (olives) contain an extensive number of bioactive compounds, mainly phenolic compounds, which are considered to be powerful antioxidants. Furthermore, olive byproducts, such as olive leaves, olive pomace, and olive mill wastewater, considered also as rich sources of phenolic compounds, are now valorized due to being mainly applied in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. The digestive system must physically and chemically break down these ingested olive-related products to release their phenolic compounds, which will be further metabolized to be used by the human organism. The first purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current status of in-vitro static digestion models for olive-related products. In this sense, the in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion methods are widely used with the following aims: (i) to study how phenolic compounds are released from their matrices and to identify structural changes of phenolic compounds after the digestion of olive fruits and oils and (ii) to support the functional value of olive leaves and byproducts generated in the olive industry by assessing their health properties before and after the gastrointestinal process. The second purpose of this review is to survey and discuss all the results available to date.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - María Figueiredo-González
- Food and Health Omics, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, 32004-Ourense, Spain; (P.R.-R.); (C.G.-B.); (E.M.-C.); (N.C.-P.); (R.R.-O.); (B.C.-G.)
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Finicelli M, Squillaro T, Galderisi U, Peluso G. Polyphenols, the Healthy Brand of Olive Oil: Insights and Perspectives. Nutrients 2021; 13:3831. [PMID: 34836087 PMCID: PMC8624306 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Given their beneficial potential on human health, plant food bioactive molecules are important components influencing nutrition. Polyphenols have been widely acknowledged for their potentially protective role against several complex diseases. In particular, the polyphenols of olive oil (OOPs) emerge as the key components of many healthy diets and have been widely studied for their beneficial properties. The qualitative and quantitative profile defining the composition of olive oil phenolic molecules as well as their absorbance and metabolism once ingested are key aspects that need to be considered to fully understand the health potential of these molecules. In this review, we provide an overview of the key aspects influencing these variations by focusing on the factors influencing the biosynthesis of OOPs and the findings about their absorption and metabolism. Despite the encouraging evidence, the health potential of OOPs is still debated due to limitations in current studies. Clinical trials are necessary to fully understand and validate the beneficial effects of olive oil and OOPs on human health. We provide an update of the clinical trials based on olive oil and/or OOPs that aim to understand their beneficial effects. Tailored studies are needed to standardize the polyphenolic distribution and understand the variables associated with phenol-enriched OO. An in-depth knowledge of the steps that occur following polyphenol ingestion may reveal useful insights to be used in clinical settings for the prevention and treatment of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Finicelli
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (U.G.)
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (T.S.); (U.G.)
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Nunes A, Marto J, Gonçalves L, Martins AM, Fraga C, Ribeiro HM. Potential therapeutic of olive oil industry by‐products in skin health: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Nunes
- Faculty of Pharmacy Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa) Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Joana Marto
- Faculty of Pharmacy Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa) Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Lídia Gonçalves
- Faculty of Pharmacy Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa) Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Martins
- Faculty of Pharmacy Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa) Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Carmo Fraga
- Sovena Portugal – Consumer Goods S.A., com sede em Rua Dr. António Borges no 2 Edifício Arquiparque 2 – 3° andar Algés 1495‐131 Portugal
| | - Helena Margarida Ribeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa) Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
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Serreli G, Naitza MR, Zodio S, Leoni VP, Spada M, Melis MP, Boronat A, Deiana M. Ferulic Acid Metabolites Attenuate LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Enterocyte-like Cells. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093152. [PMID: 34579029 PMCID: PMC8471535 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a polyphenol pertaining to the class of hydroxycinnamic acids present in numerous foods of a plant origin. Its dietary consumption leads to the formation of several phase I and II metabolites in vivo, which represent the largest amount of ferulates in the circulation and in the intestine in comparison with FA itself. In this work, we evaluated their efficacy against the proinflammatory effects induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers, as well as the mechanisms underlying their protective action. LPS-induced overexpression of proinflammatory enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the consequent hyperproduction of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were limited by physiological relevant concentrations (1 µM) of FA, its derivatives isoferulic acid (IFA) and dihydroferulic acid (DHFA), and their glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites, which acted upstream by limiting the activation of MAPK p38 and ERK and of Akt kinase, thus decreasing the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB) translocation into the nucleus. Furthermore, the compounds were found to promote the expression of Nrf2, which may have contributed to the downregulation of NF-ĸB activity. The overall data show that phase I/II metabolites retain the efficacy of their dietary free form in contrasting inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Micaela Rita Naitza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Sonia Zodio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Vera Piera Leoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Martina Spada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Maria Paola Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Anna Boronat
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.S.); (M.R.N.); (S.Z.); (V.P.L.); (M.S.); (M.P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-675-4126
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Boronat A, Rodriguez-Morató J, Serreli G, Fitó M, Tyndale RF, Deiana M, de la Torre R. Contribution of Biotransformations Carried Out by the Microbiota, Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes, and Transport Proteins to the Biological Activities of Phytochemicals Found in the Diet. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:2172-2189. [PMID: 34388248 PMCID: PMC8634308 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of dietary phytochemicals has been associated with several health benefits and relevant biological activities. It is postulated that biotransformations of these compounds regulated by the microbiota, Phase I/II reactions, transport proteins, and deconjugating enzymes contribute not only to their metabolic clearance but also, in some cases, to their bioactivation. A number of factors (age, genetics, sex, physiopathological conditions, and the interplay with other dietary phytochemicals) modulating metabolic activities are important sources and contributors to the interindividual variability observed in clinical studies evaluating the biological activities of phytochemicals. In this review, we discuss all the processes that can affect the bioaccessibility and beneficial effects of these bioactive compounds. Herein, we argue that the role of these factors must be further studied to correctly understand and predict the effects observed following the intake of phytochemicals. This is, in particular, with regard to in vitro investigations, which have shown great inconsistency with preclinical and clinical studies. The complexity of in vivo metabolic activity and biotransformation should therefore be considered in the interpretation of results in vitro and their translation to human physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Boronat
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Rodriguez-Morató
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain,Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (UPF-CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Science, Pathology Section, Experimental Pathology Unit, University of Cagliari, Montserrato, Italy
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain,Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rachel F Tyndale
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (CAMH), Toronto, Canada,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Science, Pathology Section, Experimental Pathology Unit, University of Cagliari, Montserrato, Italy
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Cairone F, Petralito S, Scipione L, Cesa S. Study on Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Quality Evaluation by Anti-Radical Activity, Color Analysis, and Polyphenolic HPLC-DAD Analysis. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081808. [PMID: 34441585 PMCID: PMC8392269 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the quality of oils available on the Italian market and purchased directly from the mill or in the supermarket and labelled as extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs). As one of the most relevant foods of the Mediterranean diet and recognized as a functional food if regularly consumed, the quality of EVOO needs to be continuously monitored. Different analytical protocols were applied. The spectrophotometric parameters used to classify the extra virgin olive oils—a CIEL*a*b*color analysis and the quali-quantitative analysis of bioactive molecules by HPLC-DAD detection and the anti-radical activity, by the DPPH method, were evaluated and compared among the samples. This study confirmed a very high variation in terms of quality, both in oils purchased directly from mills throughout Italy, but also in oils labeled as “100% of Italian origin”. Due to the high variability reconfirmed in the monitored samples, it is necessary to carry out a capillary control, not limited only to the parameters indexed by law. A useful complementary method could be represented by reflectance colorimetric analysis.
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50
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Hrelia S, Angeloni C. New Mechanisms of Action of Natural Antioxidants in Health and Disease II. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081200. [PMID: 34439447 PMCID: PMC8388864 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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