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Martchenko A, Papaelias A, Bolz SS. Physiologic effects of the maqui berry ( Aristotelia chilensis): a focus on metabolic homeostasis. Food Funct 2024; 15:4724-4740. [PMID: 38618933 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence and socioeconomic impact of metabolic diseases is rapidly growing. The limited availability of effective and affordable treatments has fuelled interest in the therapeutic potential of natural compounds as they occur in selected food sources. These compounds might help to better manage the current problems of treatment availability, affordability, and adverse effects that, in combination, limit treatment duration and efficacy at present. Specifically, berries garnered interest given a strong epidemiological link between their consumption and improved metabolic functions, making the analysis of their phytochemical composition and the identification and characterization of biologically active ingredients an emerging area of research. In this regard, the present review focuses on the South American maqui berry Aristotelia chilensis, which has been extensively used by the indigenous Mapuche population for generations to treat a variety of disease conditions. An overview of the maqui plant composition precedes a review of pre-clinical and clinical studies that investigated the effects of maqui berries and their major components on metabolic homeostasis. The final part of the review highlights possible technologies to conserve maqui berry structural and functional integrity during passage through the small intestine, ultimately aiming to augment their systemic and luminal bioavailability and biological effects. The integration of the various aspects discussed herein can assist in the development of effective maqui-based therapies to benefit the growing population of metabolically compromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Martchenko
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Alexandra Papaelias
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Steffen-Sebastian Bolz
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at The Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor, Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
- Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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2
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Zhao J, Adiele N, Gomes D, Malovichko M, Conklin DJ, Ekuban A, Luo J, Gripshover T, Watson WH, Banerjee M, Smith ML, Rouchka EC, Xu R, Zhang X, Gondim DD, Cave MC, O’Toole TE. Obesogenic polystyrene microplastic exposures disrupt the gut-liver-adipose axis. Toxicol Sci 2024; 198:210-220. [PMID: 38291899 PMCID: PMC10964747 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MP) derived from the weathering of polymers, or synthesized in this size range, have become widespread environmental contaminants and have found their way into water supplies and the food chain. Despite this awareness, little is known about the health consequences of MP ingestion. We have previously shown that the consumption of polystyrene (PS) beads was associated with intestinal dysbiosis and diabetes and obesity in mice. To further evaluate the systemic metabolic effects of PS on the gut-liver-adipose tissue axis, we supplied C57BL/6J mice with normal water or that containing 2 sizes of PS beads (0.5 and 5 µm) at a concentration of 1 µg/ml. After 13 weeks, we evaluated indices of metabolism and liver function. As observed previously, mice drinking the PS-containing water had a potentiated weight gain and adipose expansion. Here we found that this was associated with an increased abundance of adipose F4/80+ macrophages. These exposures did not cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease but were associated with decreased liver:body weight ratios and an enrichment in hepatic farnesoid X receptor and liver X receptor signaling. PS also increased hepatic cholesterol and altered both hepatic and cecal bile acids. Mice consuming PS beads and treated with the berry anthocyanin, delphinidin, demonstrated an attenuated weight gain compared with those mice receiving a control intervention and also exhibited a downregulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathways. This study highlights the obesogenic role of PS in perturbing the gut-liver-adipose axis and altering nuclear receptor signaling and intermediary metabolism. Dietary interventions may limit the adverse metabolic effects of PS consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Ngozi Adiele
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Daniel Gomes
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Marina Malovichko
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Abigail Ekuban
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Jianzhu Luo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Tyler Gripshover
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Walter H Watson
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Mayukh Banerjee
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Melissa L Smith
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- KY INBRE Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Raobo Xu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
- Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
- Division of Analytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
- The Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Dibson D Gondim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
| | - Timothy E O’Toole
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- The Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
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3
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Sanz-Lamora H, Nicola-Llorente M, Torres-Oteros D, Pérez-Martí A, Aghziel I, Lozano-Castellón J, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Canudas S, Marrero PF, Haro D, Relat J. The Antiobesity Effects of Rosehip (Rosa canina) Flesh by Antagonizing the PPAR Gamma Activity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300539. [PMID: 38332573 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE The rosehip (Rosa canina) is a perennial shrub with a reddish pseudofruit that has demonstrated antidiabetic, antiatherosclerotic, and antiobesogenic effects in rodent models but there is low information about the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects on the onset and progression of diet-induced obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS Four-week-old C57BL/6J male mice are subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD)-supplemented or not with R. canina flesh for 18 weeks. The results indicated that the R. canina flesh exerts a preventive effect on HFD-induced obesity with a significant reduction in body-weight gain and an improvement of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance caused by a HFD. At the tissue level, subcutaneous white adipose tissue exhibits a higher number of smaller adipocytes, with decreased lipogenesis. On its side, the liver shows a significant decrease in lipid droplet content and in the expression of genes related to lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and glucose metabolism. Finally, the data suggest that most of these effects agree with the presence of a putative Perosxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) antagonist in the R. canina flesh. CONCLUSIONS R. canina flesh dietary supplementation slows down the steatotic effect of a HFD at least in part through the regulation of the transcriptional activity of PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hèctor Sanz-Lamora
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
| | - Mariano Nicola-Llorente
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
| | - Daniel Torres-Oteros
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
| | - Albert Pérez-Martí
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
| | - Inass Aghziel
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
| | - Julián Lozano-Castellón
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
| | - Sílvia Canudas
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
| | - Pedro F Marrero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, E-08028, Spain
| | - Diego Haro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, E-08028, Spain
| | - Joana Relat
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, E-08921, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
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4
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Martins FF, Martins BC, Teixeira AVS, Ajackson M, Souza-Mello V, Daleprane JB. Brown Adipose Tissue, Batokines, and Bioactive Compounds in Foods: An Update. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300634. [PMID: 38402434 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) in human adults and the worldwide increase in obesity and obesity-related chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has made BAT a therapeutic target in the last two decades. The potential of BAT to oxidize fatty acids rapidly and increase energy expenditure inversely correlates with adiposity, insulin and glucose resistance, and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Currently, BAT is recognized by a new molecular signature; several BAT-derived molecules that act positively on target tissues have been identified and collectively called batokines. Bioactive compounds present in foods are endowed with thermogenic properties that increase BAT activation signaling. Understanding the mechanisms that lead to BAT activation and the batokines secreted by it within the thermogenic state is fundamental for its recruitment and management of obesity and NCDs. This review contributes to recent updates on the morphophysiology of BAT, its endocrine role in obesity, and the main bioactive compounds present in foods involved in classical and nonclassical thermogenic pathways activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Ferreira Martins
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro, 20550900, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cadete Martins
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro, 20550900, Brazil
| | - Ananda Vitoria Silva Teixeira
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro, 20550900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Ajackson
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro, 20550900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Souza-Mello
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, 205521031, Brazil
| | - Julio Beltrame Daleprane
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions Between Nutrition and Genetics, LEING, Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro, 20550900, Brazil
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Castillo-García EL, Cossio-Ramírez AL, Córdoba-Méndez ÓA, Loza-Mejía MA, Salazar JR, Chávez-Gutiérrez E, Bautista-Poblet G, Castillo-Mendieta NT, Moreno DA, García-Viguera C, Pinto-Almazán R, Almanza-Pérez JC, Gallardo JM, Guerra-Araiza C. In Silico and In Vivo Evaluation of the Maqui Berry ( Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) on Biochemical Parameters and Oxidative Stress Markers in a Metabolic Syndrome Model. Metabolites 2023; 13:1189. [PMID: 38132871 PMCID: PMC10744843 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease that includes metabolic and physiological alterations in various organs such as the heart, pancreas, liver, and brain. Reports indicate that blackberry consumption, such as maqui berry, has a beneficial effect on chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. In the present study, in vivo and in silico studies have been performed to evaluate the molecular mechanisms implied to improve the metabolic parameters of MetS. Fourteen-day administration of maqui berry reduces weight gain, blood fasting glucose, total blood cholesterol, triacylglycerides, insulin resistance, and blood pressure impairment in the diet-induced MetS model in male and female rats. In addition, in the serum of male and female rats, the administration of maqui berry (MB) improved the concentration of MDA, the activity of SOD, and the formation of carbonyls in the group subjected to the diet-induced MetS model. In silico studies revealed that delphinidin and its glycosylated derivatives could be ligands of some metabolic targets such as α-glucosidase, PPAR-α, and PPAR-γ, which are related to MetS parameters. The experimental results obtained in the study suggest that even at low systemic concentrations, anthocyanin glycosides and aglycones could simultaneously act on different targets related to MetS. Therefore, these molecules could be used as coadjuvants in pharmacological interventions or as templates for designing new multitarget molecules to manage patients with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Leonela Castillo-García
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (E.L.C.-G.); (G.B.-P.)
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 52919, Mexico
| | - Ana Lizzet Cossio-Ramírez
- Maestría en Ciencias de la Salud, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Óscar Arturo Córdoba-Méndez
- Design, Isolation, and Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Chemical Sciences School, Universidad La Salle-México, Benjamín Franklin 45, Mexico City 06140, Mexico; (Ó.A.C.-M.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.R.S.)
| | - Marco A. Loza-Mejía
- Design, Isolation, and Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Chemical Sciences School, Universidad La Salle-México, Benjamín Franklin 45, Mexico City 06140, Mexico; (Ó.A.C.-M.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.R.S.)
| | - Juan Rodrigo Salazar
- Design, Isolation, and Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Chemical Sciences School, Universidad La Salle-México, Benjamín Franklin 45, Mexico City 06140, Mexico; (Ó.A.C.-M.); (M.A.L.-M.); (J.R.S.)
| | - Edwin Chávez-Gutiérrez
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación Manuel Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Guadalupe Bautista-Poblet
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (E.L.C.-G.); (G.B.-P.)
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 52919, Mexico
| | - Nadia Tzayaka Castillo-Mendieta
- Postdoctorate-Conacyt-Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurologicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330 Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico;
| | - Diego A. Moreno
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), CEBAS, CSIC. Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (D.A.M.); (C.G.-V.)
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), CEBAS, CSIC. Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain; (D.A.M.); (C.G.-V.)
| | - Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Julio César Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, UAM-I, Mexico City 09310, Mexico;
| | - Juan Manuel Gallardo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Christian Guerra-Araiza
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (E.L.C.-G.); (G.B.-P.)
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6
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Wacewicz-Muczyńska M, Moskwa J, Puścion-Jakubik A, Naliwajko SK, Niczyporuk M, Socha K. Antioxidant Properties of Maqui Berry Extract ( Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) and Its Potential Photoprotective Role on Human Skin Fibroblasts. Molecules 2023; 28:7802. [PMID: 38067532 PMCID: PMC10708373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) is characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maqui berry extracts on human skin fibroblasts (NHSFs) exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UVB). The photoprotective properties of the extracts were investigated via the determination of the total polyphenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH), and the chemical composition was assessed. The chemical purity of the extracts was studied via the evaluation of the toxic elements level. The water extract (MWE 57.75 ± 0.44 mg GAE/g) had the highest mean polyphenol content. The water (MWE) and ethanol (MEE70) extracts had the highest inhibitory activities against DPPH radical formation (283.63 ± 7.29 and 284.60 ± 4.31 mg Tx/L, respectively). The analyzed extracts were found to be safe in terms of toxic elements (arsenic, cadmium, lead). The tested extracts of maqui berry did not cause a cytotoxic effect on NHSF cells after 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation. When the NHSF cells were exposed to UVB radiation in the presence of maqui extracts, their viability was increased or maintained. The maqui berry extracts had a slightly protective effect against skin damage caused by UVB radiation. These were preliminary studies that require further research to determine which maqui compounds correspond with the photoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wacewicz-Muczyńska
- Department of Specialist Cosmetology, Medical University of Bialystok, Akademicka 3 St., 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Moskwa
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Puścion-Jakubik
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sylwia K Naliwajko
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marek Niczyporuk
- Department of Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Akademicka 3 St., 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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7
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Navarro-Masip È, Manocchio F, Colom-Pellicer M, Escoté X, Iglesias-Carres L, Calvo E, Bravo FI, Muguerza B, Desjardins Y, Aragonès G. Vitis vinifera L. Bioactive Components Modulate Adipose Tissue Metabolic Markers of Healthy Rats in a Photoperiod-Dependent Manner. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300074. [PMID: 37421210 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The beneficial health effects of (poly)phenol-rich foods such as red grapes mainly depend on both the type and concentration of (poly)phenols. Since fruit (poly)phenol content is influenced by growing conditions, the study examines the seasonal effects of red grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), grown under various cultivation conditions, on metabolic markers of adipose tissue in healthy rats. METHODS AND RESULTS For this purpose, Fischer 344 rats are exposed into three different light-dark cycles and daily supplemented with 100 mg kg-1 of either conventionally or organically grown red grapes for 10 weeks (n = 6). Seasonal consumption of organic grapes (OGs), which are richer in anthocyanins, increases energy expenditure (EE) of animals exposed to long photoperiod and enhances uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) protein expression in brown adipose tissue of animals under standard photoperiod. Additionally, red grape consumption affects the gene expression profile of white adipose tissue (WAT), upregulating browning markers of subcutaneous WAT in 12 h light (L12) and 18 h light (L18) photoperiods, and downregulating adipogenic and lipolytic markers of visceral WAT in 6 h light (L6) and L12 photoperiods. CONCLUSIONS These results clearly show that bioactive compounds of grapes can modulate the metabolic markers of white and brown adipose tissues in a photoperiod and depot-dependent manner, partly affecting EE when consumed out of season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Èlia Navarro-Masip
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Francesca Manocchio
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Marina Colom-Pellicer
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Xavier Escoté
- Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Eurecat, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Lisard Iglesias-Carres
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Institute of Health Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Francisca I Bravo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Institute of Health Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Institute of Health Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Institute of Health Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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8
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Zhang J, Wang T, Shi Y, Liu Y, Lu T. Abdominal Massage Ameliorates Inguinal Fat Accumulation via Augmentation of PPARγ Signaling in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2409-2418. [PMID: 37602207 PMCID: PMC10439784 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s412218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose With the increase in prevalence and decrease in age of the obese population, safer weight loss methods have attracted growing attention. While abdominal massage (AM) has been clinically proven for weight loss, the mechanism thereof has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate the effect of AM on abdominal fat in obese mice fed a high-fat diet and explore the possible mechanisms involved. Materials and Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks and then treated with AM for 5 weeks; mice fed a standard diet were used as normal controls. Blood and adipose tissue, including inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT) and epididymal WAT, were collected from the mice after the intervention. We explored the mechanism of weight reduction through inguinal WAT transcriptome sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) validation, and Western blot. Results The results revealed that AM decreased fat mass, weight, glucose, and serum lipid levels. Meanwhile, AM enhanced the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and other downstream genes (Fabp4, Acox3, Pck1, and Aqp7) in inguinal WAT. In addition, AM increased the expression of PPARγ protein. Conclusion AM may promote fatty acid oxidation, lipid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis by activating the PPARγ signaling pathway in inguinal WAT, thereby exhibiting therapeutic efficacy against obesity, even in the presence of a persistent high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tieshan Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghui Shi
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yansong Liu
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Kim J, Kim J, Kwon YH. Leucine supplementation in maternal high-fat diet alleviated adiposity and glucose intolerance of adult mice offspring fed a postweaning high-fat diet. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:50. [PMID: 37061742 PMCID: PMC10105473 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined maternal and postnatal high-fat (HF) diet intake predisposes offspring to metabolic dysregulation during adulthood. As the inhibitory effects of leucine consumption on obesity and metabolic disorders have been reported, the effects of maternal leucine supplementation on metabolic dysregulation in adult offspring were investigated. METHODS Female mice were exposed to a control (C) or HF diet, with or without leucine (L) supplementation (1.5%, w/v), 3 weeks before mating, during pregnancy, and during lactation (C, CL, HF, and HFL). Male offspring were exposed to an HF diet for 12 weeks after weaning (C/HF, CL/HF, HF/HF, and HFL/HF). Serum biochemical parameters were determined for both the dams and offspring. Oral glucose tolerance test and qRT-PCR analysis were used to investigate metabolic dysregulation in the offspring. RESULTS HFL dams exhibited higher relative adipose tissue weights than HF dams. Body weight, relative adipose tissue weight, and serum glucose levels were lower in the HFL/HF offspring than in the HF/HF offspring. Maternal leucine supplementation tended to alleviate glucose intolerance in the offspring of HF diet-fed dams. Additionally, mRNA levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a hepatokine associated with glucose homeostasis, were higher in HFL/HF offspring than in HF/HF offspring and were negatively correlated with adiposity and serum glucose levels. The mRNA levels of genes encoding a FGF21 receptor complex, Fgf receptor 1 and klotho β, and its downstream targets, proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1α and sirtuin 1, were higher in adipose tissues of the HFL/HF offspring than in those of the HF/HF offspring. Serum lipid peroxide levels were lower in HFL dams than in HF dams and positively correlated with body and adipose tissue weights of offspring. CONCLUSIONS Leucine supplementation in HF diet-fed dams, but not in control diet-fed dams, resulted in an anti-obesity phenotype accompanied by glucose homeostasis in male offspring challenged with postnatal HF feeding. Activation of FGF21 signaling in the adipose tissue of offspring may be responsible for these beneficial effects of leucine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Juyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Young Hye Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Maqui Berry and Ginseng Extracts Reduce Cigarette Smoke-Induced Cell Injury in a 3D Bone Co-Culture Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122460. [PMID: 36552669 PMCID: PMC9774157 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking-induced oxidative stress has harmful effects on bone metabolism. Maqui berry extract (MBE) and ginseng extract (GE) are two naturally occurring antioxidants that have been shown to reduce oxidative stress. By using an osteoblast and osteoclast three-dimensional co-culture system, we investigated the effects of MBE and GE on bone cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The cell viability and function of the co-culture system were measured on day 14. Markers of bone cell differentiation and oxidative stress were evaluated at gene and protein levels on day 7. The results showed that exposure to CSE induced osteoporotic-like alterations in the co-culture system, while 1.5 µg/mL MBE and 50 µg/mL GE improved CSE-impaired osteoblast function and decreased CSE-induced osteoclast function. The molecular mechanism of MBE and GE in preventing CSE-induced bone cell damage is linked with the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway and the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Therefore, MBE and GE can reduce CSE-induced detrimental effects on bone cells and, thus, prevent smoking-induced alterations in bone cell homeostasis. These two antioxidants are thus suitable supplements to support bone regeneration in smokers.
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11
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A Comprehensive Literature Review on Cardioprotective Effects of Bioactive Compounds Present in Fruits of Aristotelia chilensis Stuntz (Maqui). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196147. [PMID: 36234679 PMCID: PMC9571323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Some fruits and vegetables, rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, may inhibit platelet activation pathways and therefore reduce the risk of suffering from CVD when consumed regularly. Aristotelia chilensis Stuntz (Maqui) is a shrub or tree native to Chile with outstanding antioxidant activity, associated with its high content in anthocyanins, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Previous studies reveal different pharmacological properties for this berry, but its cardioprotective potential has been little studied. Despite having an abundant composition, and being rich in bioactive products with an antiplatelet role, there are few studies linking this berry with antiplatelet activity. This review summarizes and discusses relevant information on the cardioprotective potential of Maqui, based on its composition of bioactive compounds, mainly as a nutraceutical antiplatelet agent. Articles published between 2000 and 2022 in the following bibliographic databases were selected: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Our search revealed that Maqui is a promising cardiovascular target since extracts from this berry have direct effects on the reduction in cardiovascular risk factors (glucose index, obesity, diabetes, among others). Although studies on antiplatelet activity in this fruit are recent, its rich chemical composition clearly shows that the presence of chemical compounds (anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, among others) with high antiplatelet potential can provide this berry with antiplatelet properties. These bioactive compounds have antiplatelet effects with multiple targets in the platelet, particularly, they have been related to the inhibition of thromboxane, thrombin, ADP, and GPVI receptors, or through the pathways by which these receptors stimulate platelet aggregation. Detailed studies are needed to clarify this gap in the literature, as well as to specifically evaluate the mechanism of action of Maqui extracts, due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
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12
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Factors Associated with White Fat Browning: New Regulators of Lipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147641. [PMID: 35886989 PMCID: PMC9325132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian adipose tissue can be divided into white and brown adipose tissue based on its colour, location, and cellular structure. Certain conditions, such as sympathetic nerve excitement, can induce the white adipose adipocytes into a new type of adipocytes, known as beige adipocytes. The process, leading to the conversion of white adipocytes into beige adipocytes, is called white fat browning. The dynamic balance between white and beige adipocytes is closely related to the body’s metabolic homeostasis. Studying the signal transduction pathways of the white fat browning might provide novel ideas for the treatment of obesity and alleviation of obesity-related glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. This article aimed to provide an overview of recent advances in understanding white fat browning and the role of BAT in lipid metabolism.
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13
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Li X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Shi C, Wang S, Wang X, Lü X. A review on the potential use of natural products in overweight and obesity. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1990-2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Shuxuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Caihong Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
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Sanz-Lamora H, Marrero PF, Haro D, Relat J. A Mixture of Pure, Isolated Polyphenols Worsens the Insulin Resistance and Induces Kidney and Liver Fibrosis Markers in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:120. [PMID: 35052623 PMCID: PMC8772794 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic with severe metabolic consequences. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites in plants and the most abundant dietary antioxidants, which possess a wide range of health effects. The most relevant food sources are fruit and vegetables, red wine, black and green tea, coffee, virgin olive oil, and chocolate, as well as nuts, seeds, herbs, and spices. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of a pure, isolated polyphenol supplementation to counteract the pernicious metabolic effects of a high-fat diet (HFD). Our results indicated that the administration of pure, isolated polyphenols under HFD conditions for 26 weeks worsened the glucose metabolism in diet-induced obese mice. The data showed that the main target organ for these undesirable effects were the kidneys, where we observed fibrotic, oxidative, and kidney-disease markers. This work led us to conclude that the administration of pure polyphenols as a food supplement would not be advisable. Instead, the ingestion of complete "whole" foods would be the best way to get the health effects of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hèctor Sanz-Lamora
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Research, University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Pedro F. Marrero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Haro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Relat
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Research, University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Crisóstomo-Ayala KA, Sabater-Jara AB, Pérez Manriquez C, Ferreres F, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Pedreño MÁ, Hernández de la Torre M, Sanchez-Olate M, Ríos Leal DG. Comparative Study of Metabolomic Profile and Antioxidant Content of Adult and In Vitro Leaves of Aristotelia chilensis. PLANTS 2021; 11:plants11010037. [PMID: 35009040 PMCID: PMC8747544 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to identify the bioactive compounds present in adult maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) leaves from different stages of development and seasons of the year and compare them with leaves obtained from maqui plants grown in vitro. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of maqui leaf extracts by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn showed the presence of different polyphenolic compounds classified into galloyl and caffeoyl quinic acids, ellagitannins and ellagic acid- and flavonoid-derivatives. In general, the total phenolic content of the in vitro samples was higher than that of ex vitro samples, whereas the total flavonoid content was higher in winter basal leaves. Additionally, the analysis by HPLC-MS showed that the extract from spring basal leaves was enriched in quercetin, catechin, kaempferol and 3-caffeoyl quinic acids, while in the in vitro leaves extract, quercetin was not present. As regards lipophilic compounds identified by GC/MS, the samples of in vitro leaves showed a high presence of α-tocopherol and β-sitosterol. In contrast, the samples of adult leaves presented a hight level of linolenic and linoleic acids. These results suggest that maqui leaves could be an excellent source of antioxidants and lipophilic compounds for many industries, such as the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Andrea Crisóstomo-Ayala
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Belén Sabater-Jara
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Claudia Pérez Manriquez
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion 4030000, Chile;
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation (REM) Group, Campus Los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica de Murcia, UCAM, s/n, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Ángel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Maria Ángeles Pedreño
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Martha Hernández de la Torre
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Olate
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Darcy Graciela Ríos Leal
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
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16
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Lanuza F, Zamora-Ros R, Petermann-Rocha F, Martínez-Sanguinetti MA, Troncoso-Pantoja C, Labraña AM, Leiva-Ordoñez AM, Nazar G, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Ulloa N, Lasserre-Laso N, Parra-Soto S, Martorell M, Villagrán M, Garcia-Diaz DF, Andrés-Lacueva C, Celis-Morales C. Advances in Polyphenol Research from Chile: A Literature Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2009508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Lanuza
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Epidemiología Cardiovascular y Nutricional (EPICYN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - R Zamora-Ros
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Petermann-Rocha
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - C Troncoso-Pantoja
- Centro de Investigación en Educación y Desarrollo (CIEDE-UCSC), Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - AM Labraña
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - AM Leiva-Ordoñez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - G Nazar
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, y Centro de Vida Saludable. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - K Ramírez-Alarcón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - N Ulloa
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia, y Centro de Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - N Lasserre-Laso
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Ángeles, Chile
| | - S Parra-Soto
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Martorell
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M Villagrán
- Department of Basic Science, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - DF Garcia-Diaz
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027 Santiago, Chile
| | - C Andrés-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Celis-Morales
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio (CIFE), Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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Chen Y, Qie X, Quan W, Zeng M, Qin F, Chen J, Adhikari B, He Z. Omnifarious fruit polyphenols: an omnipotent strategy to prevent and intervene diabetes and related complication? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-37. [PMID: 34792409 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome which cannot be cured. Recently, considerable interest has been focused on food ingredients to prevent and intervene in complications of diabetes. Polyphenolic compounds are one of the bioactive phytochemical constituents with various biological activities, which have drawn increasing interest in human health. Fruits are part of the polyphenol sources in daily food consumption. Fruit-derived polyphenols possess the anti-diabetic activity that has already been proved either from in vitro studies or in vivo studies. The mechanisms of fruit polyphenols in treating diabetes and related complications are under discussion. This is a comprehensive review on polyphenols from the edible parts of fruits, including those from citrus, berries, apples, cherries, mangoes, mangosteens, pomegranates, and other fruits regarding their potential benefits in preventing and treating diabetes mellitus. The signal pathways of characteristic polyphenols derived from fruits in reducing high blood glucose and intervening hyperglycemia-induced diabetic complications were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejiao Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Pinto C, Ibáñez MR, Loyola G, León L, Salvatore Y, González C, Barraza V, Castañeda F, Aldunate R, Contreras-Porcia L, Fuenzalida K, Bronfman FC. Characterization of an Agarophyton chilense Oleoresin Containing PPARγ Natural Ligands with Insulin-Sensitizing Effects in a C57Bl/6J Mouse Model of Diet-Induced Obesity and Antioxidant Activity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nutrients 2021; 13:1828. [PMID: 34071972 PMCID: PMC8227508 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomedical potential of the edible red seaweed Agarophyton chilense (formerly Gracilaria chilensis) has not been explored. Red seaweeds are enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosanoids, which are known natural ligands of the PPARγ nuclear receptor. PPARγ is the molecular target of thiazolidinediones (TZDs), drugs used as insulin sensitizers to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Medical use of TZDs is limited due to undesired side effects, a problem that has triggered the search for selective PPARγ modulators (SPPARMs) without the TZD side effects. We produced Agarophyton chilense oleoresin (Gracilex®), which induces PPARγ activation without inducing adipocyte differentiation, similar to SPPARMs. In a diet-induced obesity model of male mice, we showed that treatment with Gracilex® improves insulin sensitivity by normalizing altered glucose and insulin parameters. Gracilex® is enriched in palmitic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, and lipophilic antioxidants such as tocopherols and β-carotene. Accordingly, Gracilex® possesses antioxidant activity in vitro and increased antioxidant capacity in vivo in Caenorhabditis elegans. These findings support the idea that Gracilex® represents a good source of natural PPARγ ligands and antioxidants with the potential to mitigate metabolic disorders. Thus, its nutraceutical value in humans warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Pinto
- Postgraduate Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
- Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - María Raquel Ibáñez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Gloria Loyola
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Luisa León
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Yasmin Salvatore
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Carla González
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Víctor Barraza
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Francisco Castañeda
- Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (F.C.); (L.C.-P.)
- Quintay Marine Research Center (CIMARQ), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Valparaiso, Quintay 2480000, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago 8370251, Chile
| | - Rebeca Aldunate
- Faculty of Sciences, School of Biotechnology, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Loretto Contreras-Porcia
- Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (F.C.); (L.C.-P.)
- Quintay Marine Research Center (CIMARQ), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Valparaiso, Quintay 2480000, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago 8370251, Chile
| | - Karen Fuenzalida
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Francisca C. Bronfman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.R.I.); (G.L.); (L.L.); (Y.S.); (C.G.); (V.B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
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19
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Sandoval V, Sanz-Lamora H, Marrero PF, Relat J, Haro D. Lyophilized Maqui ( Aristotelia chilensis) Berry Administration Suppresses High-Fat Diet-Induced Liver Lipogenesis through the Induction of the Nuclear Corepressor SMILE. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:637. [PMID: 33919415 PMCID: PMC8143281 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is one of the first organs affected by accumulated ectopic lipids. Increased de novo lipogenesis and excessive triglyceride accumulation in the liver are hallmarks of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and are strongly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Maqui dietary supplemented diet-induced obese mice showed better insulin response and decreased weight gain. We previously described that these positive effects of maqui are partially due to an induction of a brown-like phenotype in subcutaneous white adipose tissue that correlated with a differential expression of Chrebp target genes. In this work, we aimed to deepen the molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of maqui on the onset and development of the obese phenotype and insulin resistance focusing on liver metabolism. Our results showed that maqui supplementation decreased hepatic steatosis caused by a high-fat diet. Changes in the metabolic profile include a downregulation of the lipogenic liver X receptor (LXR) target genes and of fatty acid oxidation gene expression together with an increase in the expression of small heterodimer partner interacting leucine zipper protein (Smile), a corepressor of the nuclear receptor family. Our data suggest that maqui supplementation regulates lipid handling in liver to counteract the metabolic impact of a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Sandoval
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede De la Patagonia, Puerto-Montt 5501842, Chile;
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Hèctor Sanz-Lamora
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Pedro F. Marrero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Relat
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Haro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Vega-Galvez A, Rodríguez A, Stucken K. Antioxidant, functional properties and health-promoting potential of native South American berries: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:364-378. [PMID: 32608511 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays berries are globally recognized to be among the healthiest foods because they contain diverse and abundant bioactive compounds. Among these are phenolic acids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which are known to have beneficial health effects. South America, particularly southern Chile, is covered by a diversity of insufficiently studied and underexploited native berry species. In this review we summarize all the available literature on the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, bioaccessibility, and biological activity of five native South American berries: calafate, maqui, murta, arrayán, and chequén. The potential of these native berries for promoting human health and as source of bioactive substances is remarkable. Bioactive compounds, mainly anthocyanins, and in less abundance flavonoids and phenolic acids, show strong antioxidant effects. Some of these constituents are bioaccessible and bioavailable, and exert anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities as well as inhibitory effects against enzymes involved in metabolic syndromes. Given the potential of native South American berries to promote health, more work is still needed to understand fully the potential beneficial effects of the consumption of these berries on human health. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vega-Galvez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
| | - Angela Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
| | - Karina Stucken
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
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21
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Badakhshi Y, Jin T. Current understanding and controversies on the clinical implications of fibroblast growth factor 21. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020; 58:311-328. [PMID: 33382006 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2020.1864278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic functions of the hepatic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) have been recognized for more than a decade in studying the responses of human subjects and rodent models to nutritional stresses such as fasting, high-fat diet or ketogenic diet consumption, and ethanol intake. Our interest in the beneficial metabolic effects of FGF21 has risen due to its potential ability to serve as a therapeutic agent for various metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver diseases, as well as its potential to act as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for metabolic and other disorders. Here, we briefly review the FGF21 gene and protein structures, its expression pattern, and cellular signaling cascades that mediate FGF21 production and function. We mainly focus on discussing experimental and clinical literature pertaining to FGF21 as a therapeutic agent. Furthermore, we present several lines of investigation, including a few studies conducted by our team, suggesting that FGF21 expression and function can be regulated by dietary polyphenol interventions. Finally, we discuss the literature debating FGF21 as a potential biomarker in various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Badakhshi
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Banting and Best Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tianru Jin
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Banting and Best Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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22
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Hameed A, Galli M, Adamska-Patruno E, Krętowski A, Ciborowski M. Select Polyphenol-Rich Berry Consumption to Defer or Deter Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Complications. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2538. [PMID: 32825710 PMCID: PMC7551116 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries are considered "promising functional fruits" due to their distinct and ubiquitous therapeutic contents of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavanols, alkaloids, polysaccharides, hydroxycinnamic, ellagic acid derivatives, and organic acids. These polyphenols are part of berries and the human diet, and evidence suggests that their intake is associated with a reduced risk or the reversal of metabolic pathophysiologies related to diabetes, obesity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hypertension. This work reviewed and summarized both clinical and non-clinical findings that the consumption of berries, berry extracts, purified compounds, juices, jams, jellies, and other berry byproducts aided in the prevention and or otherwise management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related complications. The integration of berries and berries-derived byproducts into high-carbohydrate (HCD) and high-fat (HFD) diets, also reversed/reduced the HCD/HFD-induced alterations in glucose metabolism-related pathways, and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid oxidation in healthy/obese/diabetic subjects. The berry polyphenols also modulate the intestinal microflora ecology by opposing the diabetic and obesity rendered symbolic reduction of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction-restoring bacteria, short-chain fatty acids, and organic acid producing microflora. All studies proposed a number of potential mechanisms of action of respective berry bioactive compounds, although further mechanistic and molecular studies are warranted. The metabolic profiling of each berry is also included to provide up-to-date information regarding the potential anti-oxidative/antidiabetic constituents of each berry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Hameed
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
| | - Mauro Galli
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Edyta Adamska-Patruno
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
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23
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Sandoval V, Sanz-Lamora H, Arias G, Marrero PF, Haro D, Relat J. Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2393. [PMID: 32785059 PMCID: PMC7469047 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention and treatment of obesity is primary based on the follow-up of a healthy lifestyle, which includes a healthy diet with an important presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. For many years, the health benefits of polyphenols have been attributed to their anti-oxidant capacity as free radical scavengers. More recently it has been described that polyphenols activate other cell-signaling pathways that are not related to ROS production but rather involved in metabolic regulation. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge in this field by focusing on the metabolic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are widely distributed in the plant kingdom where they are used for growing and defensing. They are structurally characterized by two benzene rings and a heterocyclic pyrone ring and based on the oxidation and saturation status of the heterocyclic ring flavonoids are grouped in seven different subclasses. The present work is focused on describing the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic impact of flavonoids in obesity and obesity-related diseases. We described the effects of each group of flavonoids in liver, white and brown adipose tissue and central nervous system and the metabolic and signaling pathways involved on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Sandoval
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Hèctor Sanz-Lamora
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Giselle Arias
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Pedro F. Marrero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Haro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Relat
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (V.S.); (H.S.-L.); (G.A.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of the University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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24
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The role of anthocyanins as antidiabetic agents: from molecular mechanisms to in vivo and human studies. J Physiol Biochem 2020; 77:109-131. [PMID: 32504385 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-020-00739-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose concentration. Nowadays, type 2 diabetes or insulin resistant diabetes is the most common diabetes, mainly due to unhealthy lifestyle. Healthy habits like appropriate nutritional approaches or the consumption of certain natural products or food supplements have been suggested as non-pharmacological strategies for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. Some of the main bioactive compounds from plant foods are polyphenols, important mainly for their antioxidant capacity in oxidative stress conditions and ageing. Anthocyanins are polyphenols of the flavonoid group, which act as pigments in plants, especially in fruits such as berries. A search of in vitro, in vivo and human studies in relation with antidiabetic properties of anthocyanins has been performed in different electronic databases. Results of this review demonstrate that these compounds have the ability to inhibit different enzymes as well as to influence gene expression and metabolic pathways of glucose, such as AMPK, being able to modulate diabetes and other associated disorders, as hyperlipidaemia, overweight, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, human interventional studies have shown that high doses of anthocyanins have potential in the prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes; nevertheless, anthocyanins used in these studies should be standardized and quantified in order to make general conclusions about its use and to claim benefits for the human population.
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25
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Sivamaruthi BS, Kesika P, Chaiyasut C. The Influence of Supplementation of Anthocyanins on Obesity-Associated Comorbidities: A Concise Review. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060687. [PMID: 32466434 PMCID: PMC7353506 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are water-soluble plant pigments, and based on their chemical structure (nature, position, and the number of sugar moieties attached; the number of hydroxyl groups; acylation of sugars with acids) about 635 different anthocyanins have been identified and reported from plants. Cyanidin, peonidin, pelargonidin, petunidin, and malvidin are the commonly found anthocyanidins (aglycon forms of anthocyanins) in edible plants out of almost 25 anthocyanidins that are identified (based on the position of methoxyl and hydroxyl groups in the rings) in nature. Anthocyanins are known for numerous health benefits including anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory bowel disease, anti-cancer, etc. Obesity can be defined as excessive or abnormal adipose tissue and body mass, which increases the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, etc. The manuscript summarizes the recent updates in the effects of anthocyanins supplementation on the health status of obese subjects, and briefly the results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Several studies confirmed that the consumption of anthocyanins-rich food improved obesity-associated dysbiosis in gut microbiota and inflammation in adipose tissue. Anthocyanin consumption prevents obesity in healthy subjects, and aids in maintaining or reducing the body weight of obese subjects, also improving the metabolism and energy balance. Though preclinical studies proved the beneficial effects of anthocyanins such as the fact that daily intake of anthocyanin rich fruits and vegetables might aid weight maintenance in every healthy individual, Juҫara pulp might control the inflammatory status of obesity, Queen garnet plum juice reduced the blood pressure and risk factors associated with metabolic disorders, and highbush organic blueberries improved the metabolism of obese individuals, we don't have an established treatment procedure to prevent or manage the over-weight condition and its comorbidities. Thus, further studies on the optimum dose, duration, and mode of supplementation of anthocyanins are required to develop an anthocyanins-based clinical procedure.
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