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Kumari A, Gupta AK, Sharma S, Jadon VS, Sharma V, Chun SC, Sivanesan I. Nanoparticles as a Tool for Alleviating Plant Stress: Mechanisms, Implications, and Challenges. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1528. [PMID: 38891334 PMCID: PMC11174413 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants, being sessile, are continuously exposed to varietal environmental stressors, which consequently induce various bio-physiological changes in plants that hinder their growth and development. Oxidative stress is one of the undesirable consequences in plants triggered due to imbalance in their antioxidant defense system. Biochemical studies suggest that nanoparticles are known to affect the antioxidant system, photosynthesis, and DNA expression in plants. In addition, they are known to boost the capacity of antioxidant systems, thereby contributing to the tolerance of plants to oxidative stress. This review study attempts to present the overview of the role of nanoparticles in plant growth and development, especially emphasizing their role as antioxidants. Furthermore, the review delves into the intricate connections between nanoparticles and plant signaling pathways, highlighting their influence on gene expression and stress-responsive mechanisms. Finally, the implications of nanoparticle-assisted antioxidant strategies in sustainable agriculture, considering their potential to enhance crop yield, stress tolerance, and overall plant resilience, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Kumari
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Domain, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India; (A.K.); (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Ashish Kumar Gupta
- ICAR—National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Shivika Sharma
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Domain, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India; (A.K.); (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Vikash S. Jadon
- School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, JollyGrant, Dehradun 248016, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Domain, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India; (A.K.); (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Se Chul Chun
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
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Tchouakeu Betnga PF, Poggesi S, Darnal A, Longo E, Rudari E, Boselli E. Terroir Dynamics: Impact of Vineyard and Canopy Treatment with Chitosan on Anthocyanins, Phenolics, and Volatile and Sensory Profiles of Pinot Noir Wines from South Tyrol. Molecules 2024; 29:1916. [PMID: 38731406 PMCID: PMC11085818 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of canopy treatment with chitosan and the effects of the vineyard location on the quality parameters, volatile and non-volatile profiles, and sensory profile of Pinot Noir wines from South Tyrol (Italy) were studied. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to identify the most relevant compounds associated with the variability in phenolics and anthocyanins (analyzed by UHPLC-MS), volatile components (HS-SPME-GCxGC-ToF/MS), and basic enological parameters. A clear separation of low-altitude wines (350 m.a.s.l.), which had a high concentration of most of the identified volatile compounds, compared to high-altitude wines (800 and 1050-1150 m.a.s.l.) was pointed out. Low altitude minimized the concentration of the most significant anthocyanins in wines from a valley bottom, presumably due to reduced sun exposure. Wines obtained from chitosan-treated canopies, and, more particularly, those subjected to multiple treatments per year showed a higher amount of the main non-volatile phenolics and were sensorially described as having "unpleasant flavors" and "odors", which might suggest that grape metabolism is slightly altered compared to untreated grapevines. Thus, optimization of the treatment with chitosan should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudence Fleur Tchouakeu Betnga
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (P.F.T.B.); (A.D.); (E.R.); (E.B.)
- Oenolab, NOITechPark Alto Adige/Südtirol, Via A. Volta 13B, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Simone Poggesi
- Food Experience and Sensory Testing (Feast) Lab., Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Aakriti Darnal
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (P.F.T.B.); (A.D.); (E.R.); (E.B.)
- Oenolab, NOITechPark Alto Adige/Südtirol, Via A. Volta 13B, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Edoardo Longo
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (P.F.T.B.); (A.D.); (E.R.); (E.B.)
- Oenolab, NOITechPark Alto Adige/Südtirol, Via A. Volta 13B, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Elena Rudari
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (P.F.T.B.); (A.D.); (E.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Emanuele Boselli
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (P.F.T.B.); (A.D.); (E.R.); (E.B.)
- Oenolab, NOITechPark Alto Adige/Südtirol, Via A. Volta 13B, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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Beleggia R, Iannucci A, Menga V, Quitadamo F, Suriano S, Citti C, Pecchioni N, Trono D. Impact of Chitosan-Based Foliar Application on the Phytochemical Content and the Antioxidant Activity in Hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) Inflorescences. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3692. [PMID: 37960049 PMCID: PMC10648115 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the phytochemical content and the antioxidant activity in the inflorescences of the monoecious hemp cultivar Codimono grown in southern Italy were assessed, and their elicitation was induced by foliar spray application of 50 mg/L and 250 mg/L of chitosan (CHT) at three different molecular weights (low, CHT L; medium, CHT M; high CHT H). The analysis of the phytochemical profile confirmed that cannabinoids were the most abundant class (54.2%), followed by flavonoids (40.3%), tocopherols (2.2%), phenolic acids (1.9%), and carotenoids (1.4%). Cannabinoids were represented almost exclusively by cannabidiol, whereas cannabigerol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were detected at very low levels (the latter was below the legal limit of 0.3%). The most abundant flavonoids were orientin and vitexin, whereas tocopherols were mainly represented by α-tocopherol. The antioxidant activity was found to be positively correlated with flavonoids and tocopherols. Statistical analysis revealed that the CHT treatments significantly affected the phytochemical content and the antioxidant activity of hemp inflorescences. Notably, a significant increase in the total phenolic content (from +36% to +69%), the α-tocopherol (from +45% to +75%) and β+γ-tocopherol (from +35% to +82%) contents, and the ABTS radical scavenging activity (from +12% to +28%) was induced by all the CHT treatments. In addition, treatments with CHT 50 solutions induced an increase in the total flavonoid content (from +12% to +27%), as well as in the vitexin (from +17% to +20%) and orientin (from +20% to +30%) contents. Treatment with CHT 50 L almost always resulted in the greatest increases. Overall, our findings indicated that CHT could be used as a low-cost and environmentally safe elicitor to improve the health benefits and the economic value of hemp inflorescences, thus promoting their employment in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic supply chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Beleggia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Anna Iannucci
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Valeria Menga
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Filippo Quitadamo
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Serafino Suriano
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Cinzia Citti
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- CNR NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Nicola Pecchioni
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
| | - Daniela Trono
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (V.M.); (F.Q.); (S.S.); (N.P.)
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Qadir M, Hussain A, Shah M, Hamayun M, Iqbal A, Irshad M, Khan ZH, Islam B, Elansary HO, Mahmoud EA, Lee IJ. Pantoea conspicua promoted sunflower growth and engulfed rhizospheric arsenate by secreting exopolysaccharide. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107826. [PMID: 37331076 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
A rhizobacterium, Pantoea conspicua, was examined against sunflower seedlings' growth under arsenate stress. Sunflower upon exposure to arsenate resulted in compromised growth that might be due to the accumulation of higher concentrations of arsenate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in seedlings' tissues. The deposited arsenate led to oxidative damage and electrolyte leakage, making the sunflower seedlings vulnerable to compromise its growth and development. However, inoculation of sunflower seedlings with P. conspicua alleviated arsenate stress in host by initiating a multilayered defence mechanism. In fact, P. conspicua filtered out 75.1% of the arsenate from growth medium that were available to the plant roots in the absence of the said strain. To accomplish such activity, P. conspicua secreted exopolysaccharides as well as altered lignification in host roots. The arsenate (24.9%) that made its way to plant tissues was countered by helping the host seedlings to produce higher levels of indole acetic acid, non enzymatic antioxidants (phenolics and flavonoids) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ascorbte peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase). As a result, ROS accumulation and electrolyte leakage were brought back to normal levels as observed in control seedlings. Hence, the rhizobacterium associated host seedlings achieved higher net assimilation (127.7%) and relative growth rate (113.5%) under 100 ppm of arsenate stress. The work concluded that P. conspicua alleviated arsenate stress in the host plants by imposing physical barrier as well as improving host seedlings' physiology and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qadir
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Mohib Shah
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Hayat Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Badshah Islam
- Department of Horticulture, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hosam O Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Eman A Mahmoud
- Department of Food Industries, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, 34511, Egypt.
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Yu L, Zhang X, Zhang F, Tang Y, Gong D, Oyom W, Li Y, Prusky D, Romanazzi G, Bi Y. Chitosan and chitooligosaccharide regulated reactive oxygen species homeostasis at wounds of pear fruit during healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124395. [PMID: 37054853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Both chitosan (CTS) and chitooligosaccharide (COS) can promote fruit healing. However, whether the two chemicals regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis during wound healing of pear fruit remains unknown. In this study, the wounded pear fruit (Pyrus bretschneideri cv. Dongguo) was treated with a 1 g L-1 CTS and COS. We found CTS and COS treatments increased NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and promoted O2.- and H2O2 production at wounds. CTS and COS also enhanced the activities of catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase, and elevated the levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione. In addition, the two chemicals improved antioxidant capacity in vitro and maintained cell membrane integrity at fruit wounds during healing. Taken together, CTS and COS can regulate ROS homeostasis at wounds of pear fruit during healing by scavenging excessive H2O2 and improving antioxidant capacity. Overall, the COS demonstrated superior performance over the CTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbo Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Di Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - William Oyom
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dov Prusky
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
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Miliordos DE, Alatzas A, Kontoudakis N, Unlubayir M, Hatzopoulos P, Lanoue A, Kotseridis Y. Benzothiadiazole Affects Grape Polyphenol Metabolism and Wine Quality in Two Greek Cultivars: Effects during Ripening Period over Two Years. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1179. [PMID: 36904039 PMCID: PMC10005230 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Grape berries are one of the most important sources of phenolic compounds, either consumed fresh or as wine. A pioneer practice aiming to enrich grape phenolic content has been developed based on the application of biostimulants such as agrochemicals initially designed to induce resistance against plant pathogens. A field experiment was conducted in two growing seasons (2019-2020) to investigate the effect of benzothiadiazole on polyphenol biosynthesis during grape ripening in Mouhtaro (red-colored) and Savvatiano (white-colored) varieties. Grapevines were treated at the stage of veraison with 0.3 mM and 0.6 mM benzothiadiazole. The phenolic content of grapes, as well as the expression level of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway were evaluated and showed an induction of genes specifically engaged in anthocyanins and stilbenoids biosynthesis. Experimental wines deriving from benzothiadiazole-treated grapes exhibited increased amounts of phenolic compounds in both varietal wines, as well as an enhancement in anthocyanin content of Mouhtaro wines. Taken together, benzothiadiazole can be utilized to induce the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with oenological interest and to improve the quality characteristics of grapes produced under organic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios-Evangelos Miliordos
- Laboratory of Oenology and Alcoholic Beverage Drinks, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Anastasios Alatzas
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kontoudakis
- Laboratory of Oenology and Alcoholic Beverage Drinks, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Oenology, International Hellenic University, 1st Km Drama-Mikrochori, 66100 Drama, Greece
| | - Marianne Unlubayir
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Polydefkis Hatzopoulos
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologie Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, F37200 Tours, France
| | - Yorgos Kotseridis
- Laboratory of Oenology and Alcoholic Beverage Drinks, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece
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Cuevas-Cianca SI, Romero-Castillo C, Gálvez-Romero JL, Juárez ZN, Hernández LR. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Edible Plants with Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Potential Use as Drugs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031488. [PMID: 36771154 PMCID: PMC9920972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food is our daily companion, performing numerous beneficial functions for our bodies. Many of them can help to alleviate or prevent ailments and diseases. In this review, an extensive bibliographic search is conducted in various databases to update information on unprocessed foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can aid in treating diseases such as cancer. The current state of knowledge on inflammatory processes involving some interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is reviewed. As well as unprocessed foods, which may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are important factors in cancer development. Many studies are still needed to take full advantage of the food products we use daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Isabel Cuevas-Cianca
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
| | - Cristian Romero-Castillo
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - José Luis Gálvez-Romero
- ISSTE Puebla Hospital Regional, Boulevard 14 Sur 4336, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Zaida Nelly Juárez
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
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Aazami MA, Maleki M, Rasouli F, Gohari G. Protective effects of chitosan based salicylic acid nanocomposite (CS-SA NCs) in grape (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Sultana') under salinity stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:883. [PMID: 36650251 PMCID: PMC9845209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that reduce plant growth and performance by changing physiological and biochemical processes. In addition to improving the crop, using nanomaterials in agriculture can reduce the harmful effects of environmental stresses, particularly salinity. A factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with two factors including salt stress at three levels (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl) and chitosan-salicylic acid nanocomposite at three levels (0, 0.1, and 0.5 mM). The results showed reductions in chlorophylls (a, b, and total), carotenoids, and nutrient elements (excluding sodium) while proline, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, total soluble protein, soluble carbohydrate, total antioxidant, and antioxidant enzymes activity increased with treatment chitosan-salicylic acid nanocomposite (CS-SA NCs) under different level NaCl. Salinity stress reduced Fm', Fm, and Fv/Fm by damage to photosynthetic systems, but treatment with CS-SA NCs improved these indices during salinity stress. In stress-free conditions, applying the CS-SA NCs improved the grapes' physiological, biochemical, and nutrient elemental balance traits. CS-SA NCs at 0.5 mM had a better effect on the studied traits of grapes under salinity stress. The CS-SA nanoparticle is a biostimulant that can be effectively used to improve the grape plant yield under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Aazami
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Maryam Maleki
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Farzad Rasouli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
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Saengsanga T, Phakratok N, Rattana T. Bioformulations Derived from Enterobacter sp. NRRU-N13 and Oligochitosan Alleviate Drought Stress in Thai Jasmine Rice (Oryza sativa L. var. KDML105). Microbes Environ 2023; 38:ME23025. [PMID: 37914312 PMCID: PMC10728635 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me23025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to increase the length, severity, and frequency of drought, which limits plant development by changing various physiological and biochemical processes. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of drought stress on indole-3-acetic and exopolysaccharide production by Enterobacter sp. NRRU-N13, developed bioformulations of plant growth-promoting Enterobacter sp. NRRU-N13, and evaluated the synergistic effects of these bioformulations in combination with different chitosans on the physiological responses of rice under drought stress. Drought stress inhibited the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic and exopolysaccharides by Enterobacter sp. NRRU-N13. The viability and stability of Enterobacter sp. NRRU-N13 in bioformulations ranged between 4.70 and 5.70 log CFU g-1 after 80 days at an ambient temperature. Oligochitosan and chitosan at 40 mg L-1 were appropriate concentrations for improving rice seedling growth, namely, plant height, root length, shoot and root fresh weights, biomass, and the vigor index (P<0.05). The abilities of these bioformulations, in combination with oligochitosan and chitosan, to alleviate drought stress in rice were examined. The results obtained revealed that the combined application of oligochitosan (40 mg L-1) and the FON13 bioformulation (filter cake+40 mg kg-1 oligochitosan+10% Enterobacter sp. NRRU-N13) exerted the strongest synergistic effects to alleviate drought stress in rice plants by increasing ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities, chlo-rophyll concentrations, and relative water content and suppressing proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage from rice plants under drought stress. The present results indicate that the application of oligochitosan combined with these bioformulations effectively improved plant physiology and development. Therefore, the combined application of oligochitosan and a bioformulation of Enterobacter sp. NRRU-N13 is recommended to alleviate drought stress in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanakorn Saengsanga
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nutthida Phakratok
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Tarntip Rattana
- Environmental Science Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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10
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Soares B, Barbosa C, Oliveira MJ. Chitosan application towards the improvement of grapevine performance and wine quality. CIÊNCIA E TÉCNICA VITIVINÍCOLA 2023. [DOI: 10.1051/ctv/ctv20233801043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Intensification of agrochemicals application in vineyards has raised several concerns in Viticulture and Oenology value chain. Efforts have been developed to optimize grapevine health and productivity, assuring that viticulture is sustainable and competitive in today’s wine market. Viticulture practices have constantly been improved for a more sustainable and environment-friendly production, reducing the application of agrochemicals, replacing them by natural compounds that can have a double effect: protect grapevine against pathogens and improve compounds related to grape organoleptic quality. In this context, the development and optimization of alternative strategies to improve and enhance plant defences and grape/wine quality is becoming a necessity. Since the 1980s, chitosan has become a compound of special interest due to its double effect as elicitor and grapevine biostimulant, representing a complement to soil fertilisation, and reducing the negative effects nutrients leaching into the groundwater. The present review aims to present the wide possibilities of chitosan applications on grapevines to prevent and combat the main diseases and to improve wine quality. In this way, relevant studies about chitosan application will be presented as well as some concerns and limitations in order to cover the knowledge gaps inherent to its application in vineyard and wine as well.
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11
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Khalili N, Oraei M, Gohari G, Panahirad S, Nourafcan H, Hano C. Chitosan-Enriched Salicylic Acid Nanoparticles Enhanced Anthocyanin Content in Grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Red Sultana) Berries. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163349. [PMID: 36015606 PMCID: PMC9414174 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the effects of salicylic acid (SA) on enhancing the phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and especially anthocyanins at higher doses in grapes as well as some toxic effects of SA at higher doses, the use of nano-carriers and nano-forms could assist SA in enhancing the accumulation of these compounds while reducing its toxic activity. Chitosan (CTS) has gained attention as a safe transporter and control releaser for a variety of chemicals, particularly in the agriculture industry. In this regard, the nano-form combination of SA and CTS (CTS-SA NPs) could boost the effectiveness of SA, particularly at lower dosages. Therefore, in the present study, SA (10, 20 mM), CTS (0.1%), and CTS-SA NPs (10, 20 mM) were applied on grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries cv. Red Sultana at the pre-véraison stage to evaluate their actions on phenolic compounds, particularly anthocyanins. The CTS-SA NPs treatments provided the highest results in terms of the total phenolic compounds, flavonoids (10 mM), anthocyanins (in particular oenin, the main anthocyanin of red grapes) (10 and 20 mM), and PAL enzyme activity (20 mM). In conclusion, the CTS-SA NPs could be applied as a potential effective elicitor for phenolics, particularly anthocyanin enhancement of grape berries at pre- véraison stage with synergistic effects between SA and CTS in nano-forms predominantly at lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Khalili
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh 5315836511, Iran
| | - Mehdi Oraei
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh 5315836511, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 5518183111, Iran
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology Limassol, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (S.P.); (C.H.)
| | - Sima Panahirad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (S.P.); (C.H.)
| | - Hassan Nourafcan
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh 5315836511, Iran
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Campus Eure et Loir, Orleans University, 28000 Chartres, France
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (S.P.); (C.H.)
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12
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Chayjarung P, Phonherm M, Inmano O, Kongbangkerd A, Wongsa T, Limmongkon A. Influence of peanut hairy root cultivars on prenylated stilbenoid production and the response mechanism for combining the elicitors of chitosan, methyl jasmonate, and cyclodextrin. PLANTA 2022; 256:32. [PMID: 35794498 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peanut cultivars are known to produce stilbene compounds. Transcriptional control plays a key role in the early stages of the stress response mechanism, involving both PR-proteins and stilbene compounds. In this study, the production of stilbenoid compounds, especially prenylated, was investigated in two cultivars of peanut hairy root lines, designated as K2-K599 and T9-K599 elicited with a combination of chitosan (CHT), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and cyclodextrin (CD): CHT + MeJA + CD. The antioxidant activities and stilbenoid content of both K2-K599 and T9-K599 hairy root lines increased significantly during the elicitation period. The T9-K599 hairy root line expressed higher ABTS and FRAP antioxidant activities than the K2-K599 line while the latter exhibited greater total phenolic content than the former at all-time points. Additionally, the K2-K599 line exhibited more stilbene compounds, including trans-resveratrol, trans-arachidin-1, and trans-arachidin-3 than the T9-K599 line, which showed statistically significant differences at all-time points. Gene expression of the enzyme involved in the stilbene biosynthesis pathway (PAL, RS, RS3) was observed, responding early to elicitor treatment and the metabolic production of a high level of stilbenoid compounds at a later stage. The antioxidant enzyme (CuZn-SOD, APX, GPX) and pathogenesis-related protein (PR; PR4A, PR5, PR10, chitinase) genes were strongly expressed after elicitor treatment at 24 h and decreased with an increasing elicitation time. Investigation of the response mechanism illustrates that the elicitor treatment can affect various plant responses, including plant cell wall structure and integrity, antioxidant system, PR-proteins, and secondary plant metabolites at different time points after facing external environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phadtraphorn Chayjarung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Montinee Phonherm
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Onrut Inmano
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Anupan Kongbangkerd
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Wongsa
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University, Kamphaeng phet, 62000, Thailand
| | - Apinun Limmongkon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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Abscisic Acid and Chitosan Modulate Polyphenol Metabolism and Berry Qualities in the Domestic White-Colored Cultivar Savvatiano. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131648. [PMID: 35807600 PMCID: PMC9269509 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, several studies demonstrated the effect of biostimulants on the transcriptional and metabolic profile of grape berries, suggesting their application as a useful viticultural practice to improve grape and wine quality. Herein, we investigated the impact of two biostimulants—abscisic acid (0.04% w/v and 0.08% w/v) and chitosan (0.3% w/v and 0.6% w/v)—on the polyphenol metabolism of the Greek grapevine cultivar, Savvatiano, in order to determine the impact of biostimulants’ application in the concentration of phenolic compounds. The applications were performed at the veraison stage and the impact on yield, berry quality traits, metabolome and gene expression was examined at three phenological stages (veraison, middle veraison and harvest) during the 2019 and 2020 vintages. Results showed that anthocyanins increased during veraison after treatment with chitosan and abscisic acid. Additionally, stilbenoids were recorded in higher amount following the chitosan and abscisic acid treatments at harvest. Both of the abscisic acid and chitosan applications induced the expression of genes involved in stilbenoids and anthocyanin biosynthesis and resulted in increased accumulation, regardless of the vintage. Alterations in other phenylpropanoid gene expression profiles and phenolic compound concentrations were observed as well. Nevertheless, they were mostly restricted to the first vintage. Therefore, the application of abscisic acid and chitosan on the Greek cultivar Savvatiano showed promising results to induce stilbenoid metabolism and potentially increase grape defense and quality traits.
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14
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Wu C, Wang Y, Ai D, Li Z, Wang Y. Biocontrol yeast T‐2 improves the postharvest disease resistance of grape by stimulation of the antioxidant system. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:3219-3229. [PMID: 36249987 PMCID: PMC9548374 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Table grapes are susceptible to external pathogens during postharvest storage. The resulting continuous oxidative stress causes damage and aging, thereby reducing the defense against disease. In this study, the effect of biocontrol yeast T‐2 on the storage performance of grapes was evaluated. After T‐2 treatment, the grapefruits rot rate and lesion diameter caused by Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) were significantly decreased at 2–5 days after inoculation (DAI). Additionally, the browning rate and shedding rate of grapefruit during storage were significantly reduced at 2–5 DAI, and the weight loss rate was significantly reduced at 3–5 DAI. The decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in grapefruits at 1–5 DAI with T‐2 indicated a reduction in oxidative damage. Furthermore, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), phenylalanin ammonia‐lyase (PAL) were significantly increased during most storage time after being treated with T‐2. Moreover, the contents of total phenolics and flavonoids and the expression levels of key enzyme genes in metabolic pathways were increased after T‐2 treatment during most postharvest storage time, providing evidence that T‐2 changed the biological process of phenolic flavonoid metabolism. The increase in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants after treatment with T‐2 reflected the strengthening of the antioxidant system, hence postponing fruit senescence and promoting storage performance under the stress of B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Wu
- Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin China
| | - Yuci Wang
- Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin China
| | - Dan Ai
- Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin China
| | - Zhuoran Li
- Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin China
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15
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Red Fruits Composition and Their Health Benefits-A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050644. [PMID: 35267278 PMCID: PMC8909293 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The probability that fruit ingestion may protect human health is an intriguing vision and has been studied around the world. Therefore, fruits are universally promoted as healthy. Over the past few decades, the number of studies proposing a relationship between fruit intake and reduced risk of major chronic diseases has continued to grow. Fruits supply dietary fiber, and fiber intake is linked to a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease and obesity. Fruits also supply vitamins and minerals to the diet and are sources of phytochemicals that function as phytoestrogens, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, and other protective mechanisms. So, this review aims to summarize recent knowledge and describe the most recent research regarding the health benefits of some selected red fruits.
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Monteiro E, Gonçalves B, Cortez I, Castro I. The Role of Biostimulants as Alleviators of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Grapevine: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030396. [PMID: 35161376 PMCID: PMC8839214 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The viticulture and wine industry contribute to the economy and reputation of many countries all over the world. With the predicted climate change, a negative impact on grapevine physiology, growth, production, and quality of berries is expected. On the other hand, the impact of these changes in phytopathogenic fungi development, survival rates, and host susceptibility is unpredictable. Grapevine fungal diseases control has been a great challenge to winegrowers worldwide. The use of chemicals in viticulture is high, which can result in the development of pathogen resistance, increasingly raising concerns regarding residues in wine and effects on human and environmental health. Promoting sustainable patterns of production is one of the overarching objectives and essential requirements for sustainable development. Alternative holistic approaches, such as those making use of biostimulants, are emerging in order to reduce the consequences of biotic and abiotic stresses in the grapevine, namely preventing grape fungal diseases, improving grapevine resistance to water stress, and increasing yield and berry quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Monteiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.G.); (I.C.); (I.C.)
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Berta Gonçalves
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.G.); (I.C.); (I.C.)
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isabel Cortez
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.G.); (I.C.); (I.C.)
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Agronomy, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isaura Castro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.G.); (I.C.); (I.C.)
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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17
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Cataldo E, Fucile M, Mattii GB. Biostimulants in Viticulture: A Sustainable Approach against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:162. [PMID: 35050049 PMCID: PMC8777853 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and disproportionate anthropogenic interventions, such as the excess of phytopharmaceutical products and continuous soil tillage, are jeopardizing viticulture by subjecting plants to continuous abiotic stress. One of the main physiological repercussions of abiotic stress is represented by the unbalanced redox homeostasis due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to a state of oxidative stress (detrimental to grape quality). To these are added the direct and indirect damages caused by pathogens (biotic stresses). In light of this scenario, it is inevitable that sustainable techniques and sensitivity approaches for environmental and human health have to be applied in viticulture. Sustainable viticulture can only be made with the aid of sustainable products. Biostimulant (PB) applications (including resistance inducers or elicitors) in the vineyard have become interesting maneuvers for counteracting vine diseases and improving grape quality. These also represent a partial alternative to soil fertilization by improving nutrient absorption and avoiding its leaching into the groundwater. Their role as elicitors has important repercussions in the stimulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway by triggering the activation of several enzymes, such as polyphenol oxidase, lipoxygenase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and peroxidase (with the accumulation of phenolic compounds). The present review paper summarizes the PBs' implications in viticulture, gathering historical, functional, and applicative information. This work aims to highlight the innumerable beneficial effects on vines brought by these products. It also serves to spur the scientific community to a greater contribution in investigating the response mechanisms of the plant to positive inductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cataldo
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (M.F.); (G.B.M.)
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18
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Qiu H, Su L, Wang H, Zhang Z. Chitosan elicitation of saponin accumulation in Psammosilene tunicoides hairy roots by modulating antioxidant activity, nitric oxide production and differential gene expression. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:115-127. [PMID: 34098155 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elicitation is one of the most effective strategies for enhancing plant bioactive compounds, such as triterpenoid saponins. Chitosan gained worldwide attention for biostimulant activity, but little is known about its roles in the elicitation of triterpenoid saponin in medicinal plants. Here, we explored the regulatory network of chitosan on saponin accumulation in hairy root cultures of Psammosilene tunicoides, a valuable medicinal herb known for its pain-relieving properties endemic to China. Compared with control, the highest total saponin accumulation exhibited a 4.55-fold enhancement in hairy roots elicited by 200 mg L-1 chitosan for nine days. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the yields of quillaic acid, gypsogenin and gypsogenin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside were significantly increased after chitosan treatments. Moreover, exogenous chitosan application dramatically triggered the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzyme activities and nitric oxide (NO) content in hairy roots. Comparative transcriptome analysis from chitosan-treated (1 and 9 d) or control groups revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were greatly enriched in plant-pathogen interaction and metabolic processes. The transcriptions of candidate DEGs involved in chitosan-elicited saponin metabolism were increased, especially genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD and GR), stress-responsive transcription factors (WRKYs and NACs) and terpenoid biosynthetic enzymes (DXS, GPPS and SE). Taken together, these results indicate that chitosan elicitor promotes triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis by enhancing antioxidant activities, NO production and differential gene expression in P. tunicoides hairy roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhan Qiu
- School of Biology Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lingye Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zongshen Zhang
- School of Biology Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China.
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Heyman L, Ferrarini E, Sanchez L, Barka EA, Höfte M. A sensitive chemiluminescence method for quantification of the oxidative burst in grapevine cells and rice roots. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 307:110892. [PMID: 33902853 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Roots are prominent plant-microbe interaction sites and of great biological relevance for many studies. The root response is of interest when searching for potential systemic resistance inducers. Screening of elicitors often focuses on the oxidative burst, the rapid and transient production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). However, to our knowledge, no high-throughput, sensitive methods have been developed for the quantification of ROS released by roots. Here, we report on the development of an L-012-based chemiluminescence bioassay to quantitatively determine the oxidative burst following elicitation events in roots. Rice and grapevine were used as monocot and dicot models. We demonstrate that chitosan, a recognized elicitor in rice cells, was able to elicit ROS production in rice roots. Chitosan also triggered a strong oxidative burst in grapevine cell suspension cultures, while grapevine roots were not responsive. Although this method is broadly applicable, the L-012 probe requires careful consideration of solvents and plant species. Insufficient extracellular ROS, quenching, and the interference of solvents with the probe can undermine the assay sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Heyman
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Enrico Ferrarini
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lisa Sanchez
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- RIBP-EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.
| | - Monica Höfte
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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20
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Rajestary R, Landi L, Romanazzi G. Chitosan and postharvest decay of fresh fruit: Meta‐analysis of disease control and antimicrobial and eliciting activities. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 20:563-582. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Rajestary
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Marche Polytechnic University Via Brecce Bianche 10 Ancona Italy
| | - Lucia Landi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Marche Polytechnic University Via Brecce Bianche 10 Ancona Italy
| | - Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Marche Polytechnic University Via Brecce Bianche 10 Ancona Italy
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21
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22
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Chitosan Oligosaccharide Addition to Buddhist Pine (Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb) Sweet) under Drought: Reponses in Ecophysiology and δ13C Abundance. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11050526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Climate warming induces the necessity to increase the drought resistance of shade-obligate juvenile trees in sub-tropical forests. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is a biopolymer derived from the marine resource that has attracted accumulative attention to induce and promote a plant’s resistance to abiotic stress. Buddhist pine (Podocarpus mascrophyllus (Thunb)Sweet) seedlings were cultured as the model material whose natural distribution in sub-tropical areas of China has suffered severe summer drought events in the last 113 years. A split-block design was conducted with a simulated drought event (drought vs. irrigated control), the COS addition, and two samplings at the ends of drought and re-watered treatments. The COS addition increased the resistance to drought by inducing a starch allocation towards roots where δ13C abundance and antioxidant enzyme activities were upregulated. The COS addition can promote biomass allocation to roots and increase the number of new roots. The COS addition to drought-treated Buddhist pine seedlings resulted in robust diameter growth. Therefore, COS is an available polymer to promote the resistance of Buddhist pine to drought. More work is suggested to clarify the dose of COS addition that can induce a prominent response of biomass accumulation and carbohydrate metabolism.
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A Reference List of Phenolic Compounds (Including Stilbenes) in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) Roots, Woods, Canes, Stems, and Leaves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050398. [PMID: 32397203 PMCID: PMC7278806 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their biological activities, both in plants and in humans, there is a great interest in finding natural sources of phenolic compounds or ways to artificially manipulate their levels. During the last decade, a significant amount of these compounds has been reported in the vegetative organs of the vine plant. In the roots, woods, canes, stems, and leaves, at least 183 phenolic compounds have been identified, including 78 stilbenes (23 monomers, 30 dimers, 8 trimers, 16 tetramers, and 1 hexamer), 15 hydroxycinnamic acids, 9 hydroxybenzoic acids, 17 flavan-3-ols (of which 9 are proanthocyanidins), 14 anthocyanins, 8 flavanones, 35 flavonols, 2 flavones, and 5 coumarins. There is great variability in the distribution of these chemicals along the vine plant, with leaves and stems/canes having flavonols (83.43% of total phenolic levels) and flavan-3-ols (61.63%) as their main compounds, respectively. In light of the pattern described from the same organs, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, and caftaric acid are the main flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids in the leaves; the most commonly represented flavan-3-ols and flavonols in the stems and canes are catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B1, and quercetin-3-O-galactoside. The main stilbenes (trans-ε-viniferin, trans-resveratrol, isohopeaphenol/hopeaphenol, vitisin B, and ampelopsins) accumulate primarily in the woods, followed by the roots, the canes, and the stems, whereas the leaves, which are more exposed to environmental stresses, have a low concentration of these compounds. Data provided in this review could be used as (i) a metabolomic tool for screening in targeted and untargeted analyses and (ii) a reference list in studies aimed at finding ways to induce naturally occurring polyphenols on an industrial scale for pant and human disease control.
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Silva V, Singh RK, Gomes N, Soares BG, Silva A, Falco V, Capita R, Alonso-Calleja C, Pereira JE, Amaral JS, Igrejas G, Poeta P. Comparative Insight upon Chitosan Solution and Chitosan Nanoparticles Application on the Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Individual Grape Components of Sousão Variety. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020178. [PMID: 32098120 PMCID: PMC7070837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, has been previously proposed as an elicitor in plants to prevent pathogen infections. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of chitosan solution and chitosan nanoparticles treatment applied on the grapevine variety Sousão with respect to the phenolic composition, antioxidant potential and antibacterial activity of its individual grape components. Grapevine plants of selected lines were sprayed with chitosan solution and chitosan nanoparticles, and ethanolic extracts of stems, seeds and skins were prepared from grapevines treated and not treated with chitosan. Total phenolic, anthocyanin and tannin contents were studied, and the identification of the individual phenolic compounds was performed by HPLC-DAD. The antimicrobial susceptibility method was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Overall, there was small increase in the concentration of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in grape components treated with chitosan solution. Seed extracts showed the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The studied individual components obtained from chitosan-treated grapevines could represent an added value due to the increased antioxidant and antibacterial potentials. The phenolic compounds found in components may be used in food and pharmaceutical industries as natural food preservers and antibiotic adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Silva
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (A.S.); (J.E.P.)
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Functional Genomics and Proteomics’ Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.G.); (G.I.)
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisboa, Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Rupesh Kumar Singh
- Centro de Química-Vila Real (CQ-VR), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.K.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Nelson Gomes
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Functional Genomics and Proteomics’ Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.G.); (G.I.)
| | - Bruno Gonçalves Soares
- CoLAB Vines&Wines—National Collaborative Laboratory for the Portuguese Wine Sector, Associação para o Desenvolvimento da Viticultura Duriense (ADVID), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Adriana Silva
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (A.S.); (J.E.P.)
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Functional Genomics and Proteomics’ Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.G.); (G.I.)
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisboa, Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Virgílio Falco
- Centro de Química-Vila Real (CQ-VR), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (R.K.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Rosa Capita
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, E-24071 León, Spain; (R.C.); (C.A.-C.)
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, Av. Facultad de Vetrinaria, 25, 24004 León, Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso-Calleja
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, E-24071 León, Spain; (R.C.); (C.A.-C.)
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, Av. Facultad de Vetrinaria, 25, 24004 León, Spain
| | - José Eduardo Pereira
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (A.S.); (J.E.P.)
- CECAV, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Joana S. Amaral
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Igrejas
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Functional Genomics and Proteomics’ Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (N.G.); (G.I.)
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisboa, Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (V.S.); (A.S.); (J.E.P.)
- Laboratório Associado for Green Chemistry (LAQV-REQUIMTE), University NOVA of Lisboa, Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-259350466; Fax: +351-259350629
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Chitosan Application in Vineyards ( Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tinto Cão) Induces Accumulation of Anthocyanins and Other Phenolics in Berries, Mediated by Modifications in the Transcription of Secondary Metabolism Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010306. [PMID: 31906425 PMCID: PMC6981802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the numerous beneficial properties and uses of chitosan in agriculture, the molecular mechanisms behind its elicitation potential are still unclear. This study aimed at understanding the effect of chitosan application in the levels of phenolic compounds of Vitis vinifera L. red grapes berry skin (cv. Tinto Cão) during veraison. Grapevines were treated with chitosan (0.01% in 0.01% acetic acid) while control grapevines were sprayed with 0.01% acetic acid. Results showed that several monomeric anthocyanins increased significantly in berry skins after treatment with chitosan. Additionally, Catechin, Rutin and Querecetin-3-O-galactoside were also recorded in higher amount upon chitosan treatment. Besides modulating the phenolic content, chitosan treatment also induced modifications in several target genes encoding key enzymes and transporters involved in secondary metabolic pathways. For instance, the genes PAL, CHS, F3H, ANR, UFGT, ABCC1, GST, MATE1 were upregulated in leaves and berry skins at veraison cessation in response to chitosan treatment. Overall, the results demonstrated that chitosan has a stimulatory effect on the accumulation of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, mediated by modifications in the transcription of key genes involved in their biosynthesis and transport in grape berries.
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