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Lagal DJ, Montes-Osuna AM, Ortiz-Olivencia A, Arribas-Parejas C, Ortiz-Alcántara Á, Pescuezo-Castillo C, Bárcena JA, Padilla CA, Requejo-Aguilar R. Tumoral Malignancy Decreases Coupled with Higher ROS and Lipid Peroxidation in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells upon Loss of PRDX6. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:881. [PMID: 39061949 PMCID: PMC11274330 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is an atypical member of the peroxiredoxin family that presents not only peroxidase but also phospholipase A2 and lysophosphatidylcholine acyl transferase activities able to act on lipid hydroperoxides of cell membranes. It has been associated with the proliferation and invasive capacity of different tumoral cells including colorectal cancer cells, although the effect of its removal in these cells has not been yet studied. Here, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we constructed an HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line knockout for PRDX6 to study whether the mechanisms described for other cancer cells in terms of proliferation, migration, and invasiveness also apply in this tumoral cell line. HCT116 cells lacking PRDX6 showed increased ROS and lipid peroxidation, a decrease in the antioxidant response regulator NRF2, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased sensitivity to ferroptosis. All these alterations lead to a decrease in proliferation, migration, and invasiveness in these cells. Furthermore, the reduced migratory and invasive capacity of HCT116 cancer cells is consistent with the observed cadherin switch and decrease in pro-invasive proteins such as MMPs. Therefore, the mechanism behind the effects of loss of PRDX6 in HCT116 cells could differ from that in HepG2 cells which is coherent with the fact that the correlation of PRDX6 expression with patient survival is different in hepatocellular carcinomas. Nonetheless, our results point to this protein as a good therapeutic target also for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Lagal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio M. Montes-Osuna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz-Olivencia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Candela Arribas-Parejas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángel Ortiz-Alcántara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio Bárcena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Alicia Padilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raquel Requejo-Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Naef V, Lieto M, Satolli S, De Micco R, Troisi M, Pasquariello R, Doccini S, Privitera F, Filla A, Tessitore A, Santorelli FM. SCAR32: Functional characterization and expansion of the clinical-genetic spectrum. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:1879-1886. [PMID: 38837640 PMCID: PMC11251466 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Biallelic mutations in PRDX3 have been linked to autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 32. In this study, which aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on this rare disease, we identified two unrelated patients with mutations in PRDX3. We explored the impact of PRDX3 mutation in patient skin fibroblasts and the role of the gene in neurodevelopment. METHODS We performed trio exome sequencing that identified mutations in PRDX3 in two unrelated patients. We also performed functional studies in patient skin fibroblasts and generated a "crispant" zebrafish (Danio rerio) model to investigate the role of the gene during nervous system development. RESULTS Our study reports two additional patients. Patient 1 is a 19-year-old male who showed a novel homozygous c.525_535delGTTAGAAGGTT (p. Leu176TrpfsTer11) mutation as the genetic cause of cerebellar ataxia. Patient 2 is a 20-year-old male who was found to present the known c.425C>G/p. Ala142Gly variant in compound heterozygosity with the p. Leu176TrpfsTer11 one. While the fibroblast model failed to recapitulate the pathological features associated with PRDX3 loss of function, our functional characterization of the prdx3 zebrafish model revealed motor defects, increased susceptibility to reactive oxygen species-triggered apoptosis, and an impaired oxygen consumption rate. CONCLUSIONS We identified a new variant, thereby expanding the genetic spectrum of PRDX3-related disease. We developed a novel zebrafish model to investigate the consequences of prdx3 depletion on neurodevelopment and thus offered a potential new tool for identifying new treatment opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Naef
- Department Neurobiology and Molecular MedicineIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisa56128Italy
| | - Maria Lieto
- Department of Neurology and Stroke UnitOspedale del Mare HospitalNaplesItaly
| | - Sara Satolli
- Department Neurobiology and Molecular MedicineIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisa56128Italy
| | - Rosa De Micco
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Martina Troisi
- Department Neurobiology and Molecular MedicineIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisa56128Italy
| | - Rosa Pasquariello
- Department Neurobiology and Molecular MedicineIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisa56128Italy
| | - Stefano Doccini
- Department Neurobiology and Molecular MedicineIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisa56128Italy
| | - Flavia Privitera
- Department Neurobiology and Molecular MedicineIRCCS Fondazione Stella MarisPisa56128Italy
| | - Alessandro Filla
- Department of NeurosciencesReproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Alessandro Tessitore
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
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Sun HN, Ma DY, Guo XY, Hao YY, Jin MH, Han YH, Jin X, Kwon T. Peroxiredoxin I and II as novel therapeutic molecular targets in cervical cancer treatment through regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by bleomycin. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:267. [PMID: 38821929 PMCID: PMC11143287 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer, significantly affecting women worldwide, often involves treatment with bleomycin, an anticancer agent targeting breast, ovarian, and cervical cancers by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce cancer cell death. The Peroxiredoxin (PRDX) family, particularly PRDX1 and 2, plays a vital role in maintaining cellular balance by scavenging ROS, thus mitigating the damaging effects of bleomycin-induced mitochondrial and cellular oxidative stress. This process reduces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and prevents cell apoptosis. However, reducing PRDX1 and 2 levels reverses their protective effect, increasing apoptosis. This research highlights the importance of PRDX1 and 2 in cervical cancer treatments with bleomycin, showing their potential to enhance treatment efficacy by managing ROS and ER stress and suggesting a therapeutic strategy for improving outcomes in cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Nan Sun
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Da-Yu Ma
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Guo
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Ying-Ying Hao
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Heilongjiang, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xun Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk, 56216, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Applied Biological Engineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Li L, Li J, Lu Y, Li W, Yang J, Wang M, Miao C, Tian Z, Zhang M, Tang X. Conditional knockout mouse model reveals a critical role of peroxiredoxin 1 in oral leukoplakia carcinogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31227. [PMID: 38818156 PMCID: PMC11137383 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) is an antioxidant protein that may promote the carcinogenesis in oral leukoplakia (OLK). To investigate the effect of Prx1 on the oral mucosal epithelium of OLK, we generated a Prx1 conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model. The mRNA and gRNA were generated using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technique. An infusion cloning method was used to construct a homologous recombination vector. To obtain the F0 generation mice, fertilized eggs of C57BL/6J mice were microinjected with Cas9 mRNA, gRNA, and a donor vector. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing were used to identify F1 generation mice. Using the cyclization recombination-enzyme-locus of the X-overP1 (Cre-loxP) system, we created a Prx1 cKO mouse model, and the effectiveness of the knockout was confirmed through immunohistochemistry. We examined the influence of Prx1 knockout on the occurrence of OLK in mice by constructing a model of tongue mucosa carcinogenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO). Prx1 modification was present in the F1 generation, as evidenced by PCR amplification and sequencing. Prx1flox/flox: Cre + mice exhibited normal growth and fertility. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that tongue epithelial cells in Prx1flox/flox: Cre + mice displayed a distinct deletion of Prx1. An examination of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney tissues revealed no visible histological changes. Histological analysis showed a reduction in the occurrence of the malignant transformation of OLK in the tongue tissues of Prx1flox/flox: Cre + mice. Ki67 immunostaining showed that Prx1 knockout significantly inhibited cell proliferation in the tongue epithelial. Our research developed a conditional knockout mouse model for Prx1. The obtained results provide insights into the function of Prx1 in the development of oral cancer and emphasize its potential as a therapeutic target for precancerous oral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunping Lu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Miao
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchuan Tian
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Division of Oral Pathology, Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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5
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Ma XY, Qi CY, Xu XY, Li H, Liu CD, Wen XR, Fu YY, Liu Y, Liang J, Huang CY, Li DD, Li Y, Shen QC, Qi QZ, Zhu G, Wang N, Zhou XY, Song YJ. PRDX1 Interfering Peptide Disrupts Amino Acids 70-90 of PRDX1 to Inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Attenuate Neuroinflammation and Ischemic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04247-9. [PMID: 38780721 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke ranks among the leading causes of death and disability in humans and is accompanied by motor and cognitive impairment. However, the precise mechanisms underlying injury after stroke and effective treatment strategies require further investigation. Peroxiredoxin-1 (PRDX1) triggers an extensive inflammatory cascade that plays a pivotal role in the pathology of ischemic stroke, resulting in severe brain damage from activated microglia. In the present study, we used molecular dynamics simulation and nuclear magnetic resonance to detect the interaction between PRDX1 and a specific interfering peptide. We used behavioral, morphological, and molecular experimental methods to demonstrate the effect of PRDX1-peptide on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in mice and to investigate the related mechanism. We found that PRDX1-peptide bound specifically to PRDX1 and improved motor and cognitive functions in I/R mice. In addition, pretreatment with PRDX1-peptide reduced the infarct area and decreased the number of apoptotic cells in the penumbra. Furthermore, PRDX1-peptide inhibited microglial activation and downregulated proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby attenuating ischemic brain injury. Our findings clarify the precise mechanism underlying PRDX1-induced inflammation after ischemic stroke and suggest that the PRDX1-peptide can significantly alleviate the postischemic inflammatory response by interfering with PRDX1 amino acids 70-90 and thereby inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Our study provides a theoretical basis for a new therapeutic strategy to treat ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Ma
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Qi
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xing-Yi Xu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chang-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 00000, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiang-Ru Wen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan-Yan Fu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jia Liang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Huang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qian-Cheng Shen
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qian-Zhi Qi
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 00000, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Yuan-Jian Song
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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6
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Li P, Wang W, Zhu B, Wang Y, Li J, Wang C, Wang C, Li Q. PRDX2 regulates stemness contributing to cisplatin resistance and metastasis in bladder cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2869-2880. [PMID: 38294069 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (CDDP)-based chemotherapy has emerged as the primary treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer and metastatic bladder cancer. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patients experience rapidly developed chemoresistance, leading to treatment ineffectiveness. Existing evidence suggests that chemoresistance is governed by various factors, including tumor stem cells, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, limited research has been conducted on the role of PRDX2, a crucial ROS scavenger, in the modulation of chemoresistance in bladder cancer. METHODS Cisplatin-resistant cell lines were established using the concentration gradient overlay method, and differentially expressed genes in resistant cells were screened through RNA sequencing. The expression of PRDX2 in cells and tissues was assessed using RT-qPCR, Western Blot, and immunohistochemistry. The expression of PRDX2 in bladder cancer and adjacent tissues was evaluated using a bladder cancer tissue microarray. Furthermore, the impact of PRDX2 knockdown on tumor formation and metastasis was investigated in vivo by applying subcutaneous tumor xenografts tail vein metastasis assays. RESULTS We demonstrated that PRDX2 is significantly upregulated in bladder tumors and cisplatin-resistant bladder tumor cell lines. Overexpression of PRDX2 can promote tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. We have found that knockdown of PRDX2 expression can effectively reverse cell resistance to cisplatin. Mechanistically, our findings suggest that PRDX2 is involved in regulating tumor stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Knockdown of PRDX2 affects the PI3K-AKT and mTOR signaling pathways, thereby influencing tumor stemness and EMT, ultimately impacting the chemotherapy resistance of the tumor. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a new insight into the regulation of chemotherapy resistance in bladder cancer by PRDX2. Targeting PRDX2 can serve as a potent therapeutic target for chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Urology, Yantaishan Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Baowei Zhu
- Yantai Cellzone Biotechnology Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yangui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaishan Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jixia Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaishan Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chenghong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaishan Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, China
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7
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Gnimpieba E, Diing DM, Ailts J, Cucak A, Gakh O, Isaya G, Vitiello S, Wang S, Pierce P, Cooper A, Roux K, Rogers LK, Vitiello PF. Mapping Novel Frataxin Mitochondrial Networks Through Protein- Protein Interactions. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4259413. [PMID: 38746130 PMCID: PMC11092868 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4259413/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA) is a neuromuscular degenerative disorder caused by trinucleotide expansions in the first intron of the frataxin (FXN) gene, resulting in insufficient levels of functional FNX protein. Deficits in FXN involve mitochondrial disruptions including iron-sulfur cluster synthesis and impaired energetics. These studies were to identify unique protein-protein interactions with FXN to better understand its function and design therapeutics. Two complementary approaches were employed, BioID and Co-IP, to identify protein interactions with FXN at the direct binding, indirect binding, and non-proximal levels. Forty-one novel protein interactions were identified by BioID and IP techniques. The FXN protein landscape was further analyzed incorporating both interaction type and functional pathways using a maximum path of 6 proteins with a potential direct interaction between FXN and NFS1. Probing the intersection between FXN-protein landscape and biological pathways associated with FRDA, we identified 41 proteins of interest. Peroxiredoxin 3 (Prdx3) was chosen for further analysis because of its role in mitochondrial oxidative injury. Our data has demonstrated the strengths of employing complementary methods to identify a unique interactome for FXN. Our data provides new insights into FXN function and regulation, a potential direct interaction between FXN and NFS1, and pathway interactions between FXN and Prdx3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jared Ailts
- University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paul Pierce
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Alec Cooper
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
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Jian J, Liu Y, Zheng Q, Wang J, Jiang Z, Liu X, Chen Z, Wan S, Liu H, Wang L. The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM39 modulates renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction through regulating proteasomal degradation of PRDX3. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:17. [PMID: 38195664 PMCID: PMC10776755 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01785-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is considered to be the ultimate pathway for various chronic kidney disease, with a complex etiology and great therapeutic challenges. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family proteins have been shown to be involved in fibrotic diseases, but whether TRIM39 plays a role in renal fibrosis remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of TRIM39 in renal fibrosis and its molecular mechanism. TRIM39 expression was analyzed in patients' specimens, HK-2 cells and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice were used for functional and mechanistic studies. We found an upregulated expression of TRIM39 in renal fibrosis human specimens and models. In addition, TRIM39 knockdown was found efficient for alleviating renal fibrosis in both UUO mice and HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TRIM39 interacted with PRDX3 directly and induced ubiquitination degradation of PRDX3 at K73 and K149 through the K48 chain, which resulted in ROS accumulation and increased inflammatory cytokine generation, and further aggravated renal fibrosis. It provided an emerging potential target for the therapies of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jian
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yunxun Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyuan Zheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Levine AJ, Thadani C, Soontornniyomkij V, Lopez-Aranda MF, Mesa YG, Kitchen S, Rezek V, Silva A, Kolson DL. Behavioral and histological assessment of a novel treatment of neuroHIV in humanized mice. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3678629. [PMID: 38168407 PMCID: PMC10760308 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3678629/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Neurocognitive deficits are prevalent among people living with HIV, likely due to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. To date, no pharmaceutical treatments beyond antiretroviral therapy (ARV) has been shown to reduce risk for, or severity of, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Here we investigate a novel compound, CDDO-Me, with documented neuroprotective effects via activation of the nrf2 and inhibition of the NFkB pathways. Methods We conducted three studies to assess the efficacy of CDDO-Me alone or in combination with antiretroviral therapy in humanized mice infected with HIV; behavioral, histopathological, and immunohistochemical. Results CDDO-Me in combination with ARV rescued social interaction deficits; however, only ARV was associated with preserved functioning in other behaviors, and CDDO-Me may have attenuated those benefits. A modest neuroprotective effect was found for CDDO-Me when administered with ARV, via preservation of PSD-95 expression; however, ARV alone had a more consistent protective effect. No significant changes in antioxidant enzyme expression levels were observed in CDDO-Me-treated animals. Only ARV use seemed to affect some antioxidant levels, indicating that it is ARV rather than CDDO-Me that is the major factor providing neuroprotection in this animal model. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis found that several cellular markers in various brain regions varied due to ARV rather than CDDO-Me. Conclusion Limited benefit of CDDO-Me on behavior and neuroprotection were observed. Instead, ARV was shown to be the more beneficial treatment. These experiments support the future use of this chimeric mouse for behavioral experiments in neuroHIV research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Scott Kitchen
- UCLA Humanized Mouse Core Laboratory, University of California
| | - Valerie Rezek
- UCLA Humanized Mouse Core Laboratory, University of California
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10
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Yamamuro-Tanabe A, Mukai Y, Kojima W, Zheng S, Matsumoto N, Takada S, Mizuhara M, Kosuge Y, Ishimaru Y, Yoshioka Y. An Increase in Peroxiredoxin 6 Expression Induces Neurotoxic A1 Astrocytes in the Lumbar Spinal Cord of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mice Model. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3571-3584. [PMID: 37556038 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with selective degeneration of motor neurons. It has been reported that an increase in the levels of inflammatory cytokines and glial cells such as reactive astrocytes is closely involved in the pathological progression of ALS. Recently, the levels of neuropathic cytotoxic (A1) astrocytes among reactive astrocytes have reportedly increased in the central nervous system of ALS mice, which induce motor neuron degeneration through the production of inflammatory cytokines and secretion of neuropathic factors. Hence, elucidating the induction mechanism of A1 astrocytes in ALS is important to understand the mechanism of disease progression in ALS. In this study, we observed that the expression of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), a member of the peroxiredoxin family, was markedly upregulated in astrocytes of the lumbar spinal cord of SOD1G93A mice model for ALS. Additionally, when PRDX6 was transiently transfected into the mouse astrocyte cell line C8-D1A and human astrocytoma cell line U-251 MG, the mRNA expression of complement C3 (a marker for A1 astrocyte phenotype) and inflammatory cytokines was increased. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of C3 and inflammatory cytokine was increased in C8-D1A and U-251 MG cells stably expressing PRDX6, and the increased mRNA expression was significantly suppressed by MJ33 (lithium[1-hexadecoxy-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy) propan-2-yl] methyl phosphate), an inhibitor of the phospholipase A2 activity of PRDX6. Our results suggest that the expression of PRDX6 in astrocytes plays an important role in the induction of A1 astrocytes and expression of inflammatory cytokines in the ALS mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Yamamuro-Tanabe
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yurika Mukai
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Wataru Kojima
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Naoko Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Shoho Takada
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Mao Mizuhara
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kosuge
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, 274-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishimaru
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan.
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11
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Kang JH, Lee HY, Kim NY, Lee DS, Yim M. Extracellular Prdx1 mediates bacterial infection and inflammatory bone diseases. Life Sci 2023; 333:122140. [PMID: 37797684 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to determine the role of extracellular peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections and inflammatory bone disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS We first investigated the role of Prdx1 using knockout mice. Next, we determined the role of extracellular Prdx1 in bacterial infections by using a neutralizing antibody against Prdx1. We finally investigated whether blockade of extracellular Prdx1 affected high- or low-grade inflammatory bone diseases using calvarial osteolysis, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), and microgravity-induced bone loss in mouse models. KEY FINDINGS The lack of Prdx1 increased susceptibility to infections by Listeria monocytogenes or Escherichia coli. Prdx1 is released into the serum upon E. coli infection, and blockade of extracellular Prdx1 confers significant protection against bacterial infections. Our data suggested that circulating Prdx1 is increased by the development of osteolytic disease, and that blockade of extracellular Prdx1 exerts therapeutic effects against high- and low-grade inflammatory bone loss. In addition, the release of Prdx1 under inflammatory osteolytic conditions partly depends on non-canonical TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-caspase-11-gasdemin D (GSDMD) inflammasome pathways. SIGNIFICANCE Extracellular Prdx1 is involved in the development of bacterial infections and inflammatory bone disease. Thus, extracellular Prdx1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for bacterial infections or inflammatory osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hee Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Yeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijung Yim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Teng Y, Xu L, Li W, Liu P, Tian L, Liu M. Targeting reactive oxygen species and fat acid oxidation for the modulation of tumor-associated macrophages: a narrative review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224443. [PMID: 37545527 PMCID: PMC10401428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are significant immunocytes infiltrating the tumor microenvironment(TME). Recent research has shown that TAMs exhibit diversity in terms of their phenotype, function, time, and spatial distribution, which allows for further classification of TAM subtypes. The metabolic efficiency of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) varies among TAM subtypes. FAO is closely linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a role in processes such as oxidative stress. Current evidence demonstrates that FAO and ROS can influence TAMs' recruitment, polarization, and phagocytosis ability either individually or in combination, thereby impacting tumor progression. But the specific mechanisms associated with these relationships still require further investigation. We will review the current status of research on the relationship between TAMs and tumor development from three aspects: ROS and TAMs, FAO and TAMs, and the interconnectedness of FAO, ROS, and TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Linli Tian
- *Correspondence: Linli Tian, ; Ming Liu,
| | - Ming Liu
- *Correspondence: Linli Tian, ; Ming Liu,
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13
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Xu GL, Ye XL, Vashisth MK, Zhao WZ. Correlation between PRDX2 and spermatogenesis under oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 656:139-145. [PMID: 36963350 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the world's diseases that endanger human health, causing systemic inflammation caused by excessive reactive oxygen damage. An increase in the proportion of obese people with reduced sperm motility has been reported. But the mechanism behind it remains unclear. Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is a member of the peroxidase family that effectively removes hydrogen peroxide. This study is to clarify the expression of PRDX2 in the testes of obese mice and lay a foundation for further exploration of the regulatory and protective effects of PRDX2 on spermatogenesis. METHOD A model of high-fat-induced obesity in animals was constructed, and the expression of PRDX2 in the testes of the two groups was detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, immunofluorescence and other techniques. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and cholesterol were co-cultured in testicular support cells for 48 h to observe the expression of PRDX2. RESULT PRDX2 expression was reduced in the testes of the obese group, and immunohistochemistry showed that it was mainly localized to supporting cells. H2O2 inhibits the expression of PRDX2 in Sertoli cells, and high cholesterol upregulates the expression of PRDX2 in Sertoli cells. CONCLUSION PRDX2 has some antioxidant properties against changes in the testicular environment caused by HFD. And under short-term oxidative stress to enhance its antioxidant capacity. PRDX2 may be involved in maintaining the oxidative balance of the spermatogenesis environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Lin Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Lin Ye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China.
| | - Manoj Kumar Vashisth
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China.
| | - Wen-Zhen Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China.
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14
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Wu H, Wu R, Liu T, Ma H, Xue G, Liu M. Peroxiredoxin 6 alleviates high glucose-induced inflammation and apoptosis in HK-2 cells by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:41. [PMID: 36819569 PMCID: PMC9929773 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background This research sought to elucidate the effects of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) on the biological processes in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to identify the underlying regulatory mechanism related to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. Methods To induce an in vitro DN cellular model, human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells were treated with high glucose (HG). The mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate level, reactive oxygen species generation, and oxidative stress of the cells were then evaluated. After the PRDX6 level had been determined, the effects of its overexpression on the mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate level, reactive oxygen species generation, and oxidative stress of the cells were assessed. Next, cytochrome c expression, cell viability, cell apoptosis, the inflammatory level, and the TLR4/NF-κB signaling-related factors were assessed. After the addition of the TLR4 activator CRX-527 or the NF-κB activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), cell viability, cell apoptosis and the inflammatory level were evaluated again. Results The results revealed that HG exposure triggered mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress and decreased PRDX6 expression in the HK-2 cells. PRDX6 elevation exacerbated cell viability while alleviating mitochondrial membrane potential loss, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in the HG-treated HK-2 cells. Further, PRDX6 inhibited HG-induced TLR4/NF-κB activation. The administration of CRX-527 or PMA reversed the effects of PRDX6 on the cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammation of the HG-exposed HK-2 cells. Conclusions To conclude, PRDX6 appears to protect HG-exposed HK-2 cells against inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guozhong Xue
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Minglong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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15
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Blood leukocyte transcriptional modules and differentially expressed genes associated with disease severity and age in COVID-19 patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:898. [PMID: 36650374 PMCID: PMC9844197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the molecular mechanisms determining COVID-19 severity are not yet well understood, there is a demand for biomarkers derived from comparative transcriptome analyses of mild and severe cases, combined with patients' clinico-demographic and laboratory data. Here the transcriptomic response of human leukocytes to SARS-CoV-2 infection was investigated by focusing on the differences between mild and severe cases and between age subgroups (younger and older adults). Three transcriptional modules correlated with these traits were functionally characterized, as well as 23 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated to disease severity. One module, correlated with severe cases and older patients, had an overrepresentation of genes involved in innate immune response and in neutrophil activation, whereas two other modules, correlated with disease severity and younger patients, harbored genes involved in the innate immune response to viral infections, and in the regulation of this response. This transcriptomic mechanism could be related to the better outcome observed in younger COVID-19 patients. The DEGs, all hyper-expressed in the group of severe cases, were mostly involved in neutrophil activation and in the p53 pathway, therefore related to inflammation and lymphopenia. These biomarkers may be useful for getting a better stratification of risk factors in COVID-19.
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16
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Torres FF, Bernardo VS, de Paula CP, da Silva JPMDO, de Almeida EA, da Cunha AF, da Silva DGH. Influence of Melatonin Treatment on Cellular Mechanisms of Redox Adaptation in K562 Erythroleukemic Cells. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122337. [PMID: 36553603 PMCID: PMC9778059 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MEL) presents well-documented pleiotropic actions against oxidative stress (OS), acting indirectly through activation of transcription factors, e.g., FoxO3 and Nrf2. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the possible modulating effects of MEL on the redox signaling pathways PI3K/AKT/FoxO3 and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE in K562 erythroleukemic cells subjected to OS induction. For this, the viability, and transcript levels of genes involved in redox adaptation were evaluated in K562 cells in different periods of erythroid differentiation: under OS induction by hydrogen peroxide (100 µM H2O2); treated with 1 nM (C1) and 1 mM (C2) MEL; and associated or not with stress induction. We observed a restoration of physiological levels of Nrf2 in both MEL concentrations under OS. The C1 was related to enhanced expression of antioxidant and proteasome genes through the Nrf2-ARE pathway, while C2 to the induction of FOXO3 expression, suggesting an involvement with apoptotic pathway, according to BIM transcript levels. The effects of MEL administration in these cells showed a period and dose-dependent pattern against induced-OS, with direct and indirect actions through different pathways of cellular adaptation, reinforcing the importance of this indolamine in the regulation of cellular homeostasis, being a promising therapeutic alternative for diseases that present an exacerbated OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviene Felix Torres
- Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Victoria Simões Bernardo
- Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Peres de Paula
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Alves de Almeida
- Department of Natural Sciences, Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Blumenau 89030-000, SC, Brazil
| | - Anderson Ferreira da Cunha
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Grünig Humberto da Silva
- Campus de Três Lagoas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (CPTL/UFMS), Três Lagoas 79613-000, MS, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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17
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Ma P, Zhou Y, Fang P, Ke W, Xiao S, Fang L. Molecular cloning, prokaryotic expression and the anti-inflammatory activity of porcine PRDX5. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 136:104515. [PMID: 35985565 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5) is the sole member of the atypical 2-Cys subfamily of mammalian PRDXs, a family of thiol-dependent peroxidases. In addition to its antioxidant effect, PRDX5 has been implicated in modulating the inflammatory response. In this study, the full-length cDNA encoding porcine PRDX5 (pPRDX5) was cloned. Subsequently, using porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), the target cells of PRRSV infection in vivo, we found that the recombinant pPRDX5 protein inhibited inflammatory responses induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a virus causing severe interstitial pneumonia in pigs. By contrast, knockdown of endogenous pPRDX5 with specific siRNA enhanced inflammatory responses induced by TNF-α or PRRSV. We also demonstrated that the involvement of pPRDX5 in inflammation regulation depended on its peroxidase activity. Taken together, these results showed that pPRDX5 is an anti-inflammatory molecule, which may play an important immune-regulation role in the pathogenicity of PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Puxian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenting Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liurong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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18
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Thioredoxin deficiency increases oxidative stress and causes bilateral symmetrical degeneration in rat midbrain. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 175:105921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Meng Q, Wang J, Cui J, Li B, Wu S, Yun J, Aschner M, Wang C, Zhang L, Li X, Chen R. Prediction of COPD acute exacerbation in response to air pollution using exosomal circRNA profile and Machine learning. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 168:107469. [PMID: 36041244 PMCID: PMC9939562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is linked to an increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, which significantly increase the risk of mortality in COPD patients. Identifying the subtype of COPD patients who are sensitive to environmental aggressions is necessary. Using in vitro and in vivo PM2.5 exposure models, we demonstrate that exosomal hsa_circ_0005045 is upregulated by PM2.5 and binds to the protein cargo peroxiredoxin2, which functionally aggravates hallmarks of COPD by recruiting neutrophil elastase and triggering in situ release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by inflammatory cells. The biological function of hsa_circ_0005045 associated with aggravation of COPD is validated using exosome-transplantation and conditional circRNA-knockdown murine models. By sorting the major components of PM2.5, we find that PM2.5-bound heavy metals, which are distinguishable from the components of cigarette smoke, trigger the elevation of exosomal hsa_circ_0005045. Finally, using machine learning models in a cohort with 327 COPD patients, the PM2.5 exposure-sensitive COPD patients are characterized by relatively high hsa_circ_0005045 expression, non-smoking, and group C (mMRC 0-1 (or CAT < 10) and ≥ 2 exacerbations (or ≥ 1 exacerbation leading to hospital admission) in the past year). Thus, our results suggest that environmental reduction in PM2.5 emission provides a targeted approach to protecting non-smoking COPD patients against air pollution-related disease exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jian Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87, Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Shenshen Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Jun Yun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Chengshuo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Luo Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing China; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100005, China.
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; School of Public Health, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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20
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Sharapov MG, Goncharov RG, Parfenyuk SB, Glushkova OV. Effect of Peroxiredoxin 6 on p53 Transcription Factor Level. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:839-849. [PMID: 36171649 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922080156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is an important antioxidant enzyme with multiple functions in the cell. Prdx6 neutralizes a wide range of hydroperoxides, participates in phospholipid metabolism and cell membrane repair, and in transmission of intracellular and intercellular signals. Disruption of normal Prdx6 expression in the cell leads to the development of pathological conditions. Decrease in the Prdx6 concentration leads to increase in oxidative damage to the cell. At the same time, hyperproduction of Prdx6 is associated with increase in antioxidant status, suppression of apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. Currently, mechanisms of carcinogenic action of peroxiredoxins are poorly understood. In this work we established that the 3-4-fold increase in Prdx6 production in mouse embryonic fibroblast 3T3 cells leads to the 4-5-fold decrease in the level of oncosuppressor p53. At the same time, hyperproduction of Prdx6 leads to the increased expression of RELA and HIF1A, which have oncogenic effects. The 3-4-fold increase in intracellular Prdx6 increases intensity of cell proliferation by 20-30%, promotes increase in antioxidant activity by 30-50%, and increases radioresistance of the transfected 3T3 cells by 30-40%. Increase of the level of intranuclear Prdx6 leads to the decrease in expression of the DNA repair genes in response to radiation, indicating decrease in the genomic DNA damage. This work discusses possible molecular mechanisms of p53 suppression during Prdx6 hyperproduction, which could be used in the development of new approaches in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mars G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Ruslan G Goncharov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Svetlana B Parfenyuk
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olga V Glushkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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21
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Oocytes maintain ROS-free mitochondrial metabolism by suppressing complex I. Nature 2022; 607:756-761. [PMID: 35859172 PMCID: PMC9329100 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oocytes form before birth and remain viable for several decades before fertilization1. Although poor oocyte quality accounts for most female fertility problems, little is known about how oocytes maintain cellular fitness, or why their quality eventually declines with age2. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced as by-products of mitochondrial activity are associated with lower rates of fertilization and embryo survival3-5. Yet, how healthy oocytes balance essential mitochondrial activity with the production of ROS is unknown. Here we show that oocytes evade ROS by remodelling the mitochondrial electron transport chain through elimination of complex I. Combining live-cell imaging and proteomics in human and Xenopus oocytes, we find that early oocytes exhibit greatly reduced levels of complex I. This is accompanied by a highly active mitochondrial unfolded protein response, which is indicative of an imbalanced electron transport chain. Biochemical and functional assays confirm that complex I is neither assembled nor active in early oocytes. Thus, we report a physiological cell type without complex I in animals. Our findings also clarify why patients with complex-I-related hereditary mitochondrial diseases do not experience subfertility. Complex I suppression represents an evolutionarily conserved strategy that allows longevity while maintaining biological activity in long-lived oocytes.
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Wu M, Deng C, Lo TH, Chan KY, Li X, Wong CM. Peroxiredoxin, Senescence, and Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111772. [PMID: 35681467 PMCID: PMC9179887 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are multifunctional enzymes that play a key role in protecting cells from stresses and maintaining the homeostasis of many cellular processes. Peroxiredoxins were firstly identified as antioxidant enzymes that can be found in all living organisms. Later studies demonstrated that peroxiredoxins also act as redox signaling regulators, chaperones, and proinflammatory factors and play important roles in oxidative defense, redox signaling, protein folding, cycle cell progression, DNA integrity, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. The versatility of peroxiredoxins is mainly based on their unique active center cysteine with a wide range of redox states and the ability to switch between low- and high-molecular-weight species for regulating their peroxidase and chaperone activities. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of peroxiredoxin in these processes will allow the development of new approaches to enhance longevity and to treat various cancers. In this article, we briefly review the history of peroxiredoxins, summarize recent advances in our understanding of peroxiredoxins in aging- and cancer-related biological processes, and discuss the future perspectives of using peroxiredoxins in disease diagnostics and treatments.
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Ginckels P, Holvoet P. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer: Role of Non-coding RNAs. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022; 95:129-152. [PMID: 35370493 PMCID: PMC8961704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
High oxidative stress, Th1/Th17 immune response, M1 macrophage inflammation, and cell death are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Controlled oxidative stress, Th2/Treg anti-tumor immune response, M2 macrophage inflammation, and survival are associated with cancer. MiR-21 protects against cardiovascular diseases but may induce tumor growth by retaining the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage and Treg phenotypes and inhibiting apoptosis. Down-regulation of let-7, miR-1, miR-9, miR-16, miR-20a, miR-22a, miR-23a, miR-24a, miR-26a, miR-29, miR-30a, miR-34a, miR-124, miR-128, miR-130a, miR-133, miR-140, miR-143-145, miR-150, miR-153, miR-181a, miR-378, and miR-383 may aid cancer cells to escape from stresses. Upregulation of miR-146 and miR-223 may reduce anti-tumor immune response together with miR-21 that also protects against apoptosis. MiR-155 and silencing of let-7e, miR-125, and miR-126 increase anti-tumor immune response. MiR expression depends on oxidative stress, cytokines, MYC, and TGF-β, and expression of silencing lncRNAs and circ-RNAs. However, one lncRNA or circ-RNA may have opposite effects by targeting several miRs. For example, PVT1 induces apoptosis by targeting miR-16a and miR-30a but inhibits apoptosis by silencing miR-17. In addition, levels of a non-coding RNA in a cell type depend not only on expression in that cell type but also on an exchange of microvesicles between cell types and tumors. Although we got more insight into the function of a growing number of individual non-coding RNAs, overall, we do not know enough how several of them interact in functional networks and how their expression changes at different stages of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieterjan Ginckels
- Department of Architecture, Brussels and Gent, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Holvoet
- Experimental Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Paul Holvoet, Experimental
Cardiology, KU Leuven, Belgium; ; ORCID iD:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9201-0772
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Superoxide Radicals in the Execution of Cell Death. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030501. [PMID: 35326151 PMCID: PMC8944419 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide is a primary oxygen radical that is produced when an oxygen molecule receives one electron. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays a primary role in the cellular defense against an oxidative insult by ROS. However, the resulting hydrogen peroxide is still reactive and, in the presence of free ferrous iron, may produce hydroxyl radicals and exacerbate diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are the preferred target of hydroxyl radicals. Ferroptosis, a type of necrotic cell death induced by lipid peroxides in the presence of free iron, has attracted considerable interest because of its role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Radical electrons, namely those released from mitochondrial electron transfer complexes, and those produced by enzymatic reactions, such as lipoxygenases, appear to cause lipid peroxidation. While GPX4 is the most potent anti-ferroptotic enzyme that is known to reduce lipid peroxides to alcohols, other antioxidative enzymes are also indirectly involved in protection against ferroptosis. Moreover, several low molecular weight compounds that include α-tocopherol, ascorbate, and nitric oxide also efficiently neutralize radical electrons, thereby suppressing ferroptosis. The removal of radical electrons in the early stages is of primary importance in protecting against ferroptosis and other diseases that are related to oxidative stress.
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Varadaraj K, Gao J, Mathias RT, Kumari SS. GPX1 knockout, not catalase knockout, causes accelerated abnormal optical aberrations and cataract in the aging lens. Mol Vis 2022; 28:11-20. [PMID: 35400989 PMCID: PMC8942455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and catalase are expressed in the lens epithelial cells and cortical fiber cells, where they detoxify H2O2 to reduce oxidative stress, which is a major cause for cataractogenesis. We sought to find out, between these two enzymes, which is critical for transparency and homeostasis in the aging lens by investigating alterations in the lens's refractive property, transparency, and gap junction coupling (GJC) resistance. Methods Wild-type (C57BL/6J), GPX1 knockout (GPX1-/-) and catalase knockout (CAT-/-) mice were used. Lens transparency was quantified using dark-field images and ImageJ software. For optical aberration evaluation, each lens was placed over a copper electron microscopy specimen grid; the grid image was captured through the lens using a digital camera attached to a dark-field binocular microscope. Optical aberrations were assessed by the quality of the magnified gridlines. Microelectrode-based intact lens intracellular impedance was measured to determine GJC resistance. Results In contrast to wild-type (WT) and CAT-/- lenses, GPX1-/- lenses developed accelerated age-related cataracts. While two-month-old lenses were normal, at nine months of age, GPX1-/- mice started to show the development of abnormal optical distortion aberrations and loss of transparency. At 12 months of age, GPX1-/- lenses developed significant opacity and abnormal optical distortion aberrations compared to CAT-/- and WT (p<0.001); these aberrations gradually increased with age and matured into cataracts by 24 months of age. There was also a significant increase (p<0.001) in GJC resistance in the differentiating and mature fiber cells of GPX1-/- lenses at 12 months of age compared to that in similar areas of age-matched CAT-/- and WT lenses. Conclusions Changes in the refractive and physiological properties of the lens occurred before cataract formation in GPX1-/- lenses but not in CAT-/- lenses. GPX1 is more critical than catalase for lens transparency, optical quality, and homeostasis in the aging lens under normal physiological conditions. GPX1 could be a promising therapeutic target for developing potential strategies to reduce adverse oxidative stress and delay/treat/prevent age-related cataracts.
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Nucera F, Mumby S, Paudel KR, Dharwal V, DI Stefano A, Casolaro V, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COPD. Minerva Med 2022; 113:370-404. [PMID: 35142479 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.22.07972-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inhalation of cigarette smoke is a prominent cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and provides an important source of exogenous oxidants. In addition, several inflammatory and structural cells are a source of endogenous oxidants in the lower airways of COPD patients, even in former smokers. This suggests that oxidants play a key role in the pathogenesis of COPD. This oxidative stress is counterbalanced by the protective effects of the various endogenous antioxidant defenses of the lower airways. A large amount of data from animal models and patients with COPD have shown that both the stable phase of the disease, and during exacerbations, have increased oxidative stress in the lower airways compared with age-matched smokers with normal lung function. Thus, counteracting the increased oxidative stress may produce clinical benefits in COPD patients. Smoking cessation is currently the most effective treatment of COPD patients and reduces oxidative stress in the lower airways. In addition, many drugs used to treat COPD have some antioxidant effects, however, it is still unclear if their clinical efficacy is related to pharmacological modulation of the oxidant/antioxidant balance. Several new antioxidant compounds are in development for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy -
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airways Diseases Section, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Keshav R Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vivek Dharwal
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, Australia
| | - Antonino DI Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, Novara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Diseases Section, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
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Yang JCS, Huang LH, Wu SC, Wu YC, Wu CJ, Lin CW, Tsai PY, Chien PC, Hsieh CH. Recovery of Dysregulated Genes in Cancer-Related Lower Limb Lymphedema After Supermicrosurgical Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis – A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:761-773. [PMID: 35153500 PMCID: PMC8824698 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s350421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johnson Chia-Shen Yang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Hung Huang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chan Wu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Wu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Tsai
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Chen Chien
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Hsieh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Ching-Hua Hsieh, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung City, 833, Taiwan, Tel +886-7-7317123, ext.8002, Fax +886-7-7354309, Email
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Dissecting the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial import and maturation of peroxiredoxins from yeast and mammalian cells. Biophys Rev 2022; 13:983-994. [PMID: 35059022 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are cysteine-based peroxidases that play a central role in keeping the H2O2 at physiological levels. Eukaryotic cells express different Prxs isoforms, which differ in their subcellular locations and substrate specificities. Mitochondrial Prxs are synthesized in the cytosol as precursor proteins containing N-terminal cleavable presequences that act as mitochondrial targeting signals. Due to the fact that presequence controls the import of the vast majority of mitochondrial matrix proteins, the mitochondrial Prxs were initially predicted to be localized exclusively in the matrix. However, recent studies showed that mitochondrial Prxs are also targeted to the intermembrane space by mechanisms that remain poorly understood. While in yeast the IMP complex can translocate Prx1 to the intermembrane space, the maturation of yeast Prx1 and mammalian Prdx3 and Prdx5 in the matrix has been associated with sequential cleavages of the presequence by MPP and Oct1/MIP proteases. In this review, we describe the state of the art of the molecular mechanisms that control the mitochondrial import and maturation of Prxs of yeast and human cells. Once mitochondria are considered the major intracellular source of H2O2, understanding the mitochondrial Prx biogenesis pathways is essential to increase our knowledge about the H2O2-dependent cellular signaling, which is relevant to the pathophysiology of some human diseases.
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Prognostic Biomarkers in Uveal Melanoma: The Status Quo, Recent Advances and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010096. [PMID: 35008260 PMCID: PMC8749988 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although rare, uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common cancer that develops inside adult eyes. The prognosis is poor, since 50% of patients will develop lethal metastases in the first decade, especially to the liver. Once metastases are detected, life expectancy is limited, given that the available treatments are mostly unsuccessful. Thus, there is a need to find methods that can accurately predict UM prognosis and also effective therapeutic strategies to treat this cancer. In this manuscript, we initially compile the current knowledge on epidemiological, clinical, pathological and molecular features of UM. Then, we cover the most relevant prognostic factors currently used for the evaluation and follow-up of UM patients. Afterwards, we highlight emerging molecular markers in UM published over the last three years. Finally, we discuss the problems preventing meaningful advances in the treatment and prognostication of UM patients, as well as forecast new roadblocks and paths of UM-related research. Abstract Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common malignant intraocular tumour in the adult population. It is a rare cancer with an incidence of nearly five cases per million inhabitants per year, which develops from the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes in the choroid (≈90%), ciliary body (≈6%) or iris (≈4%). Patients initially present either with symptoms like blurred vision or photopsia, or without symptoms, with the tumour being detected in routine eye exams. Over the course of the disease, metastases, which are initially dormant, develop in nearly 50% of patients, preferentially in the liver. Despite decades of intensive research, the only approach proven to mildly control disease spread are early treatments directed to ablate liver metastases, such as surgical excision or chemoembolization. However, most patients have a limited life expectancy once metastases are detected, since there are limited therapeutic approaches for the metastatic disease, including immunotherapy, which unlike in cutaneous melanoma, has been mostly ineffective for UM patients. Therefore, in order to offer the best care possible to these patients, there is an urgent need to find robust models that can accurately predict the prognosis of UM, as well as therapeutic strategies that effectively block and/or limit the spread of the metastatic disease. Here, we initially summarized the current knowledge about UM by compiling the most relevant epidemiological, clinical, pathological and molecular data. Then, we revisited the most important prognostic factors currently used for the evaluation and follow-up of primary UM cases. Afterwards, we addressed emerging prognostic biomarkers in UM, by comprehensively reviewing gene signatures, immunohistochemistry-based markers and proteomic markers resulting from research studies conducted over the past three years. Finally, we discussed the current hurdles in the field and anticipated the future challenges and novel avenues of research in UM.
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Changes in Porcine Corpus Luteum Proteome Associated with Development, Maintenance, Regression, and Rescue during Estrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111740. [PMID: 34769171 PMCID: PMC8583735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Corpus luteum (CL), a transitory gland, undergoes rapid growth in a limited time to produce progesterone (P4) followed by its regression. A complex molecular signaling is involved in controlling luteal P4 production. In the present study, 2D gel electrophoresis-based proteomics and in silico functional analysis were used to identify changes in key proteins and pathways in CL along the different stages of the estrous cycle as its development progresses from early (Day 3) to mid-luteal phase (Day 9), effective functioning (Day 12) followed by regression (Day 15) or, in the case of pregnancy, rescue of function (Day 15). A total of 273 proteins were identified by MALDI-MS/MS analysis that showed significant changes in abundances at different stages of CL development or regression and rescue. Functional annotation of differentially abundant proteins suggested enrichment of several important pathways and functions during CL development and function maintenance including cell survival, endocytosis, oxidative stress response, estradiol metabolism, and angiogenesis. On the other hand, differentially abundant proteins during CL regression were associated with decreased steroid synthesis and metabolism and increased apoptosis, necrosis, and infiltration of immune cells. Establishment of pregnancy rescues CL from regression by maintaining the expression of proteins that support steroidogenesis as pathways such as the super-pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, RhoA signaling, and functions such as fatty acid metabolism and sterol transport were enriched in CL of pregnancy. In this study, some novel proteins were identified along CL development that advances our understanding of CL survival and steroidogenesis.
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Sharapov MG, Gudkov SV, Lankin VZ. Hydroperoxide-Reducing Enzymes in the Regulation of Free-Radical Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1256-1274. [PMID: 34903155 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The review presents current concepts of the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress development and describes main stages of the free-radical reactions in oxidative stress. Endogenous and exogenous factors of the oxidative stress development, including dysfunction of cell oxidoreductase systems, as well as the effects of various external physicochemical factors, are discussed. The review also describes the main components of the antioxidant defense system and stages of its evolution, with a special focus on peroxiredoxins, glutathione peroxidases, and glutathione S-transferases, which share some phylogenetic, structural, and catalytic properties. The substrate specificity, as well as the similarities and differences in the catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes, are discussed in detail. The role of peroxiredoxins, glutathione peroxidases, and glutathione S-transferases in the regulation of hydroperoxide-mediated intracellular and intercellular signaling and interactions of these enzymes with receptors and non-receptor proteins are described. An important contribution of hydroperoxide-reducing enzymes to the antioxidant protection and regulation of such cell processes as growth, differentiation, and apoptosis is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mars G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Gudkov
- Prokhorov Institute of General Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022, Russia.,All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshiye Vyazemy, 143050, Russia
| | - Vadim Z Lankin
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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Andreadou I, Efentakis P, Frenis K, Daiber A, Schulz R. Thiol-based redox-active proteins as cardioprotective therapeutic agents in cardiovascular diseases. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:44. [PMID: 34275052 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00885-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thiol-based redox compounds, namely thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs) and peroxiredoxins (Prxs), stand as a pivotal group of proteins involved in antioxidant processes and redox signaling. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are considered as one of the major families of proteins involved in redox regulation by removal of S-glutathionylation and thereby reactivation of other enzymes with thiol-dependent activity. Grxs are also coupled to Trxs and Prxs recycling and thereby indirectly contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of peroxidases, which play an essential role in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, aliphatic and aromatic hydroperoxides, and peroxynitrite. The Trxs, Grxs and Prxs systems, which reversibly induce thiol modifications, regulate redox signaling involved in various biological events in the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the role of Trxs, Grxs and Prxs on cardiovascular pathologies and especially in cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure as well as in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome. Further studies on the roles of thiol-dependent redox systems in the cardiovascular system will support the development of novel protective and therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Panagiotis Efentakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katie Frenis
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Partner Site Rhine-Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Langenbeckstr 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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Gao L, Meng J, Yue C, Wu X, Su Q, Wu H, Zhang Z, Yu Q, Gao S, Fan S, Zuo L. Integrative analysis the characterization of peroxiredoxins in pan-cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:366. [PMID: 34246267 PMCID: PMC8272277 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are an antioxidant enzymes protein family involved in several biological functions such as differentiation, cell growth. In addition, previous studies report that PRDXs play critical roles in the occurrence and development of carcinomas. However, few studies have conducted systematic analysis of PRDXs in cancers. Therefore, the present study sought to explore the molecular characteristics and potential clinical significance of PRDX family members in pan cancer and further validate the function of PRDX6 in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA). Methods A comprehensive analysis of PRDXs in 33 types of cancer was performed based on the TCGA database. This involved an analysis of mRNA expression profiles, genetic alterations, methylation, prognostic values, potential biological pathways and target drugs. Moreover, both the gain and loss of function strategies were used to assess the importance and mechanism of PRDX6 in the cell cycle of BLCA. Result Analysis showed abnormal expression of PRDX1-6 in several types of cancer compared to normal tissues. Univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that expression levels of PRDX1, PRDX4 and PRDX6 were mostly associated with poor survival of OS, DSS and PFI, and PRDX2 and PRDX3 with favorable survival. In addition, the expression of PRDX genes were positively correlated with CNV and negatively with methylation. Moreover, analysis based on PharmacoDB dataset showed that the augmented levels of PRDX1, PRDX3 and PRDX6 were significantly correlated with EGFR/VEGFR inhibitor drugs. Furthermore, knocking down of PRDX6 inhibited growth of cancer cells through the JAK2-STAT3 in bladder cell lines. Conclusions PRDXs are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for several carcinomas, especially for BLCA. In addition, PRDX6 could regulate proliferation of cancer cell via JAK2-STAT3 pathway and involve into the process of cell cycle in BLCA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02064-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialin Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuang Yue
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Quanxin Su
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qinzhou Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shenglin Gao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Song Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.
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Jia Q, Sieburth D. Mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide positively regulates neuropeptide secretion during diet-induced activation of the oxidative stress response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2304. [PMID: 33863916 PMCID: PMC8052458 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in the generation of signals coupling metabolism with neurotransmitter release, but a role for mitochondrial-produced ROS in regulating neurosecretion has not been described. Here we show that endogenously produced hydrogen peroxide originating from axonal mitochondria (mtH2O2) functions as a signaling cue to selectively regulate the secretion of a FMRFamide-related neuropeptide (FLP-1) from a pair of interneurons (AIY) in C. elegans. We show that pharmacological or genetic manipulations that increase mtH2O2 levels lead to increased FLP-1 secretion that is dependent upon ROS dismutation, mitochondrial calcium influx, and cysteine sulfenylation of the calcium-independent PKC family member PKC-1. mtH2O2-induced FLP-1 secretion activates the oxidative stress response transcription factor SKN-1/Nrf2 in distal tissues and protects animals from ROS-mediated toxicity. mtH2O2 levels in AIY neurons, FLP-1 secretion and SKN-1 activity are rapidly and reversibly regulated by exposing animals to different bacterial food sources. These results reveal a previously unreported role for mtH2O2 in linking diet-induced changes in mitochondrial homeostasis with neuropeptide secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- PIBBS program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Derek Sieburth
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hernández-Fernández J, Pinzón-Velasco A, López EA, Rodríguez-Becerra P, Mariño-Ramírez L. Transcriptional Analyses of Acute Exposure to Methylmercury on Erythrocytes of Loggerhead Sea Turtle. TOXICS 2021; 9:70. [PMID: 33805397 PMCID: PMC8066450 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To understand changes in enzyme activity and gene expression as biomarkers of exposure to methylmercury, we exposed loggerhead turtle erythrocytes (RBCs) to concentrations of 0, 1, and 5 mg L-1 of MeHg and de novo transcriptome were assembled using RNA-seq. The analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that 79 unique genes were dysregulated (39 upregulated and 44 downregulated genes). The results showed that MeHg altered gene expression patterns as a response to the cellular stress produced, reflected in cell cycle regulation, lysosomal activity, autophagy, calcium regulation, mitochondrial regulation, apoptosis, and regulation of transcription and translation. The analysis of DEGs showed a low response of the antioxidant machinery to MeHg, evidenced by the fact that genes of early response to oxidative stress were not dysregulated. The RBCs maintained a constitutive expression of proteins that represented a good part of the defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by MeHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Hernández-Fernández
- Department of Natural and Environmental Science, Marine Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Genetics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatic Research Group–GENBIMOL, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Cra. 4 No 22-61, Bogotá 110311, Colombia;
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Calle 45, Cra. 7, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Andrés Pinzón-Velasco
- Bioinformática y Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 45, Cra. 30, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
| | - Ellie Anne López
- IDEASA Research Group-Environment and Sustainability, Institute of Environmental Studies and Services, Sergio Arboleda University, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Pilar Rodríguez-Becerra
- Department of Natural and Environmental Science, Marine Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Genetics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatic Research Group–GENBIMOL, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Cra. 4 No 22-61, Bogotá 110311, Colombia;
| | - Leonardo Mariño-Ramírez
- NCBI, NLM, NIH Computational Biology Branch, Building 38A, Room 6S614M 8600 Rockville Pike, MSC 6075, Bethesda, MD 20894-6075, USA;
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Dimethyl Fumarate, an Approved Multiple Sclerosis Treatment, Reduces Brain Oxidative Stress in SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques: Potential Therapeutic Repurposing for HIV Neuroprotection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030416. [PMID: 33803289 PMCID: PMC7998206 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an antioxidant/anti-inflammatory drug approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, induces antioxidant enzymes, in part through transcriptional upregulation. We hypothesized that DMF administration to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques would induce antioxidant enzyme expression and reduce oxidative injury and inflammation throughout the brain. Nine SIV-infected, CD8+-T-lymphocyte-depleted rhesus macaques were studied. Five received oral DMF prior to the SIV infection and through to the necropsy day. Protein expression was analyzed in 11 brain regions, as well as the thymus, liver, and spleen, using Western blot and immunohistochemistry for antioxidant, inflammatory, and neuronal proteins. Additionally, oxidative stress was determined in brain sections using immunohistochemistry (8-OHdG, 3NT) and optical redox imaging of oxidized flavoproteins containing flavin adenine dinucleotide (Fp) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). The DMF treatment was associated with no changes in virus replication; higher expressions of the antioxidant enzymes NQO1, GPX1, and HO-1 in the brain and PRDX1 and HO-2 in the spleen; lower levels of 8-OHdG and 3NT; a lower optical redox ratio. The DMF treatment was also associated with increased expressions of cell-adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and no changes in HLA-DR, CD68, GFAP, NFL, or synaptic proteins. The concordantly increased brain antioxidant enzyme expressions and reduced oxidative stress in DMF-treated SIV-infected macaques suggest that DMF could limit oxidative stress throughout the brain through effective induction of the endogenous antioxidant response. We propose that DMF could potentially induce neuroprotective brain responses in persons living with HIV.
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Xu Z, Zeng X, Li M, Liao J, Chen Q. MicroRNA-383 promotes reactive oxygen species-induced autophagy via downregulating peroxiredoxin 3 in human glioma U87 cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:439. [PMID: 33747176 PMCID: PMC7967820 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3) is an abundant and effective enzyme, which aids in the removal of H2O2 in the mitochondria, thereby inhibiting cell autophagy. PRDX3 is a target protein of microRNA (miRNA/miR)-383, the overexpression of which has been found to inhibit the growth of glioma cells. We hypothesized that miR-383 serves an antitumor role by inhibiting oxidative stress during tumor growth. In the current study, human glioma U87 cells were transfected with pre-/short hairpin (sh)-PRDX3 vectors and miR-383 mimics/inhibitors. Apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were detected using flow cytometry. Autophagy was examined using acridine orange staining, and the expression of cytoplasmic autophagy-related proteins [autophagy-related protein 9 (ATG9), Ras-related protein Rab-1A (Rab1) and p62] was determined using western blot analysis. The interaction between miR-383 and PRDX3 was assessed using a dual-luciferase assay. The results indicated that both sh-PRDX3 and miR-383 mimics promoted apoptosis and increased the level of mitochondrial ROS, whilst acridine orange staining revealed that sh-PRDX3 promoted autophagy in U87 cells compared with that in the control cells. The detection of autophagic proteins indicated that sh-PRDX3 and miR-383 mimics increased the protein expression level of ATG9 and RAB1, and inhibited that of p62. On the contrary, the effect of miR-383 mimics was opposite to that of pre-PRDX3 in U87 cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot assays revealed that miR-383 was negatively associated with PRDX3 in U87 cells. miR-383 was indicated to interact with PRDX3, as demonstrated using a dual-luciferase assay. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR-383 induced cell apoptosis and mitochondrial ROS production by downregulating PRDX3 in U87 cells, thereby promoting oxidative stress-induced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xingruo Zeng
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Sadvakassova G, Tiedemann K, Steer KJD, Mikolajewicz N, Stavnichuk M, In-Kyung Lee I, Sabirova Z, Schranzhofer M, Komarova SV. Active hematopoiesis triggers exosomal release of PRDX2 that promotes osteoclast formation. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14745. [PMID: 33587325 PMCID: PMC7883842 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic disorders, particularly hemolytic anemias, commonly lead to bone loss. We have previously reported that actively proliferating cancer cells stimulate osteoclastogenesis from late precursors in a RANKL-independent manner. We theorized that cancer cells exploit the physiological role of bone resorption to support expanding hematopoietic bone marrow and examined if hematopoietic cells can trigger osteoclastogenesis. Using phlebotomy-induced acute anemia in mice, we found strong correlation between augmented erythropoiesis and increased osteoclastogenesis. Conditioned medium (CM) from K562 erythroleukemia cells and primary mouse erythroblasts stimulated osteoclastogenesis when added to RANKL-primed precursors from mouse bone marrow or RAW264.7 cells. Using immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, PRDX2 was identified as a factor produced by erythroid cells in vitro and in vivo. PRDX2 was detected in K562-derived exosomes, and inhibiting exosomal release significantly decreased the osteoclastogenic capacity of K562 CM. Recombinant PRDX2 induced osteoclast formation from RANKL-primed primary or RAW 264.7 precursors to levels comparable to achieved with continuous RANKL treatment. Thus, increased bone marrow erythropoiesis secondary to anemia leads to upregulation of PRDX2, which is released in the exosomes and acts to induce osteoclast formation. Increased bone resorption by the osteoclasts expands bone marrow cavity, which likely plays a supporting role to increase blood cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhakhan Sadvakassova
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kerstin Tiedemann
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kieran J D Steer
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicholas Mikolajewicz
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mariya Stavnichuk
- Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Zarina Sabirova
- Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthias Schranzhofer
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Svetlana V Komarova
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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