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Farghadani R, Lim HY, Abdulla MA, Rajarajeswaran J. Novel indole Schiff base β-diiminato compound as an anti-cancer agent against triple-negative breast cancer: In vitro anticancer activity evaluation and in vivo acute toxicity study. Bioorg Chem 2024; 152:107730. [PMID: 39216194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) associated with poor prognosis and low five-year survival rates. Schiff base compounds, known for their extensive pharmacological activities, have garnered significant attention in cancer drug research. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of a novel β-diiminato compound and elucidate its mechanism of action. The compound's effect on cell viability was assessed using MTT assays in breast cancer cell lines including MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Cytotoxic effects were further analyzed using trypan blue exclusion and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays. In order to assess the mechanism of inhibitory activity and mode of cell death induced by this compound, flow cytometry of cell cycle distribution and apoptosis analysis were carried out. Apoptosis incidence was initially assessed through cell and nuclear morphological changes (Hoechst 33342/Propidium iodide (PI) staining) and further confirmed by Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry analysis. In addition, the effect of this compound on the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined using the JC-1 indicator and DCFDA dye, respectively. The results demonstrated that the 24 h treatment with β-diiminato compound significantly suppressed the viability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 value of 2.41 ± 0.29 and 3.51 ± 0.14, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of the compound was further confirmed with a dose-dependent increase in the number of dead cells and enhanced LDH level in the culture medium. This compound exerted its anti-proliferative effect by G2/M phase cell growth arrest in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and induced apoptosis-mediated cell death, which involved characteristic changes in cell and nuclear morphology, phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and increased ROS level. Neither hepatotoxicity nor nephrotoxicity was detected in the biochemical and histopathological analysis confirming the safety characterization of this compound usage. Therefore, the results significantly confirmed the potential anticancer activity of a novel β-diiminato compound, as evidenced by the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which might be driven by the ROS‑mediated mitochondrial death pathway. This compound can be a promising candidate for future anticancer drug design and TNBC treatment, and further preclinical and clinical studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Farghadani
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Han Yin Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Jayakumar Rajarajeswaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.
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2
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Nayab S, Jan K, Kim SH, Kim SH, Shams DF, Son Y, Yoon M, Lee H. Insight into the inhibitory potential of metal complexes supported by ( E)-2-morpholino- N-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)ethanamine: synthesis, structural properties, biological evaluation and docking studies. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11295-11309. [PMID: 38898716 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00362d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
A thiophene-derived Schiff base ligand (E)-2-morpholino-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)ethanamine was used for the synthesis of M(II) complexes, [TEM(M)X2] (M = Co, Cu, Zn; X = Cl; M = Cd, X = Br). Structural characterization of the synthesized complexes revealed distorted tetrahedral geometry around the M(II) center. In vitro investigation of the synthesized ligand and its M(II) complexes showed considerable anti-urease and leishmanicidal potential. The synthesized complexes also exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on urease, with IC50 values in the range of 3.50-8.05 μM. In addition, the docking results were consistent with the experimental results. A preliminary study of human colorectal cancer (HCT), hepatic cancer (HepG2), and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines showed marked anticancer activities of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Nayab
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U) 18050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kalsoom Jan
- Department of Plastics Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01851, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01851, USA
| | - Seung-Hyeon Kim
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sa-Hyun Kim
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dilawar Farhan Shams
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Maradan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Islamic Republic of Pakistan
| | - Younghu Son
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyosun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Ullah S, Ullah A, Waqas M, Halim SA, Pasha AR, Shafiq Z, Mali SN, Jawarkar RD, Khan A, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Kashtoh H, Al-Harrasi A. Structural, dynamic behaviour, in-vitro and computational investigations of Schiff's bases of 1,3-diphenyl urea derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12588. [PMID: 38822113 PMCID: PMC11143201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 has had a significant influence on people's lives across the world. The viral genome has undergone numerous unanticipated changes that have given rise to new varieties, raising alarm on a global scale. Bioactive phytochemicals derived from nature and synthetic sources possess lot of potential as pathogenic virus inhibitors. The goal of the recent study is to report new inhibitors of Schiff bases of 1,3-dipheny urea derivatives against SARS COV-2 spike protein through in-vitro and in-silico approach. Total 14 compounds were evaluated, surprisingly, all the compounds showed strong inhibition with inhibitory values between 79.60% and 96.00% inhibition. Here, compounds 3a (96.00%), 3d (89.60%), 3e (84.30%), 3f (86.20%), 3g (88.30%), 3h (86.80%), 3k (82.10%), 3l (90.10%), 3m (93.49%), 3n (85.64%), and 3o (81.79%) exhibited high inhibitory potential against SARS COV-2 spike protein. While 3c also showed significant inhibitory potential with 79.60% inhibition. The molecular docking of these compounds revealed excellent fitting of molecules in the spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) with good interactions with the key residues of RBD and docking scores ranging from - 4.73 to - 5.60 kcal/mol. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation for 150 ns indicated a strong stability of a complex 3a:6MOJ. These findings obtained from the in-vitro and in-silico study reflect higher potency of the Schiff bases of 1,3-diphenyl urea derivatives. Furthermore, also highlight their medicinal importance for the treatment of SARS COV-2 infection. Therefore, these small molecules could be a possible drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Atta Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Anam Rubbab Pasha
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Suraj N Mali
- School of Pharmacy, D.Y. Patil University (Deemed to be University), Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
| | - Rahul D Jawarkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Pharmacy, University Mardi Road, Amravati, 444603, India
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdy Kashtoh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
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Sahu R, Shah K. Schiff Bases: A Captivating Scaffold with Potential Anticonvulsant Activity. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1632-1650. [PMID: 38629363 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575302197240408121537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
One of the most important organic compounds, also known as a Schiff base, imine, or azomethine, has been associated with several biological processes. The group is a component of both natural or synthetic chemicals and functions as both a precursor and an intermediary in the synthesis of therapeutically active substances. The review highlights the various non-metal Schiff bases' structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, general model, docking, and design approach for anticonvulsant actions. Schiff bases serve as linkers in numerous synthetic compounds with a variety of activities, according to the findings of several investigations. As a result, the current review will give readers a thorough understanding of the key ideas put forth by different researchers regarding the anticonvulsant properties of Schiff bases. It will serve as a valuable information source for those planning to synthesize new anticonvulsant molecules that contain Schiff bases as pharmacophores or biologically active moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida-201310, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Kamal Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
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Aydin H, Akocak S, Lolak N, Yumrutaş Ö, Uslu U, Bozgeyik I, Üçkardeş F, Günal S, Ceylan O. Evaluation of cytotoxic, antifungal, and larvicidal activities of different bis-sulfonamide Schiff base compounds. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23375. [PMID: 37129082 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Schiff bases (imines or azomethines) are versatile ligands synthesized from the condensation of amino compounds with active carbonyl groups and used for many pharmaceutical and medicinal applications. In our study, we aimed to determine the cytotoxic, antifungal and larvicidal activities of biologically potent bis-sulfonamide Schiff base derivatives that were re-synthesized by us. For this aim, 16 compounds were re-synthesized and tested for their cytotoxic, antifungal and larvicidal properties. Among this series, compounds A1B2, A1B4, A4B2, A4B3, and A4B4 were shown to have cytotoxic activity against tested cancer lung cell line (A549). The most potent antifungal activity was observed in compounds A2B1 and A2B2 against all fungi. A1B1 showed the strongest larvicidal effect at all concentrations at the 72nd h (100% mortality). These obtained results demonstrate that these type of bis-substituted compounds might be used as biologically potent pharmacophores against different types of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Aydin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Önder Yumrutaş
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Uğur Uslu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Ibrahim Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Üçkardeş
- Department of Biostatistics, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Selami Günal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Onur Ceylan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
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6
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Oboňová B, Habala L, Litecká M, Herich P, Bilková A, Bilka F, Horváth B. Antimicrobially Active Zn(II) Complexes of Reduced Schiff Bases Derived from Cyclohexane-1,2-diamine and Fluorinated Benzaldehydes-Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Bioactivity. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1516. [PMID: 37511891 PMCID: PMC10381420 DOI: 10.3390/life13071516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of Schiff base ligands obtained by the condensation of trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine and fluorinated benzaldehydes were prepared, followed by their reduction with NaBH4. The reduced ligands were employed in the synthesis of zinc complexes of the general formula [ZnCl2(L)]. The structures of both the original and the reduced Schiff bases, as well as of the zinc complexes, were characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis, along with NMR and IR spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activities of the reduced Schiff bases and their zinc complexes were evaluated in vitro against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The compounds containing the 4-(trifluoromethylphenyl) moiety showed marked antibacterial activity. Interestingly, the antimicrobial effect of the zinc complex with this moiety was significantly higher than that of the corresponding free reduced ligand, comparable with ciprofloxacin used as standard. Thus, a synergic effect upon the complexation with zinc can be inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Oboňová
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Habala
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Litecká
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the CAS, Husinec-Řež č.p. 1001, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Herich
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Bilková
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - František Bilka
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Branislav Horváth
- NMR Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Bashir M, Saifullah M, Riaz M, Arshad M, Irfan A, Iqbal S, Farooqi ZH, Begum R. Schiff Bases derived from Phloroglucinol Carbonyl Variants and their Applications-A Review. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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8
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Antioxidant activity of new synthesized imine and its corresponding α-aminophosphonic acid: Experimental and theoretical evaluation. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Javaid M, Haq IU, Nadeem H, Fatima H, Khan AU, Irshad N. Design, synthesis and screening of indole acetic acid-based tri-azo moieties as antioxidants, anti-microbial and cytotoxic agents. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1084181. [PMID: 36923352 PMCID: PMC10009108 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1084181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance and infectious disease have enormous spread despite drug discovery and development advancements. 1, 2, 4 -triazoles have been extensively studied, playing an imperative role in many pathologic conditions. A series of Schiff base triazoles; derived from Indole -3- acetic acid with substituted Benzaldehydes (5a-5g) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated through various Spectroanalytical techniques. SwissADME was used to assess physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic drug-likeliness behavior. (5a-5g) were evaluated for their varied biological potential through antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic evaluation. Schiff bases express drug-like nature as they follow Lipinski's rule of five. 5b showed good antioxidant potential in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total reducing power (TRP) assays and was most active in the library in % free radical scavenging assay (%FRSA), showing 32% inhibition at 50 μg/mL concentration. Compounds showed antibacterial activity against various tested strains. 5e and 5f showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 3.12 μg/mL for P.aeruginosa and K.pneumoniae, respectively. In the antifungal assay, only 5e inhibited one strain with a zone of inhibition >6 mm. These synthetic molecules possess good cytotoxic potential in the Brine Shrimp Lethality screening; 5c, 5d, and 5f exhibited LC50 =5.7 μg/mL. In the protein kinase inhibition assay, 5a, 5b, and 5g demonstrated inhibitory potential, showcasing the zone of inhibition as 7.5-10.5 mm for the bald one and 6-7.5 for the clear zone. These findings suggest that the compounds have antibacterial and cytotoxic potential, and there is a chance for further research and development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Javaid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif-Ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Irshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Mermer A, Boulebd H. An eco-friendly method for the synthesis of 1,2,4-triazole-Schiff base derivatives in aqueous medium and DFT calculations. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ni C, Pang Z, Qiao Y, Guo P, Ma X, Yang Z. Organoaluminum derived from Schiff bases: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance in hydroboration. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Rajimon K, Elangovan N, Amir Khairbek A, Thomas R. Schiff bases from chlorine substituted anilines and salicylaldehyde: Synthesis, characterization, fluorescence, thermal features, biological studies and electronic structure investigations. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Sinicropi MS, Ceramella J, Iacopetta D, Catalano A, Mariconda A, Rosano C, Saturnino C, El-Kashef H, Longo P. Metal Complexes with Schiff Bases: Data Collection and Recent Studies on Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314840. [PMID: 36499170 PMCID: PMC9739361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes play a crucial role in pharmaceutical sciences owing to their wide and significant activities. Schiff bases (SBs) are multifaceted pharmacophores capable of forming chelating complexes with various metals in different oxidation states. Complexes with SBs are extensively studied for their numerous advantages, including low cost and simple synthetic strategies. They have been reported to possess a variety of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, antimalarial, analgesic, antiviral, antipyretic, and antidiabetic ones. This review summarizes the most recent studies on the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of SBs-metal complexes. Moreover, recent studies regarding mononuclear and binuclear complexes with SBs are described, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimalarial, antileishmanial, anti-Alzheimer, and catecholase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0805442746
| | | | - Camillo Rosano
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Hussein El-Kashef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Talebi A, Salehi M, Khaleghian A, Kubicki M. Evaluation of anticancer activities and their apoptosis, molecular docking and antioxidant studies on new Ni(II), VO(IV), Cu(II) , Co(III) Schiff base complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of mononuclear Schiff-base metal complexes. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Manganese Schiff Base Complexes, Crystallographic Studies, Anticancer Activities, and Molecular Docking. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7062912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Choice of ligands is significant to successful synthesis of metal complexes (coordination compounds). This study reports the use of Schiff base as the right ligand to control the poor bioavailability and neurodegenerative toxicity challenges of manganese ion. In line with this study, document analysis was used as the methodological approach to evaluate the significance of Schiff base ligands in easing these manganese’s challenges and aligning the resultant coordination compounds (manganese Schiff base complexes) as therapeutic agents in anticancer studies. Report also involves crystallographic studies where single crystal X-ray crystallography was used as a chemical characterization technique. In addition, molecular docking studies, MOE2008, and AutoDock software were used to reveal the mode of interaction between the Schiff base and the manganese(II) and (III) ions, as well as scrutinizing the biological efficacy of the manganese(II) and manganese(III) Schiff bases coordination compounds as anticancer agents against some anticancer cell lines. Conclusion drawn was that manganese(II) and manganese(III) Schiff bases coordination compounds gave more active and potent activities than the corresponding Schiff bases. As a result, challenges of neurodegenerative toxicity and poor bioavailability of manganese ion were overcome, and the chelation therapy was fulfilled. Results from single crystal X-ray crystallography confirmed the successful synthesis of manganese(II) and manganese(III) Schiff bases coordination compounds and revealed the mechanism of reaction, while the molecular docking buttressed the biological activities of the Schiff base ligand and manganese Schiff base coordination compounds by portraying the structure activity relationship (SAR) between either Schiff base or the manganese Schiff base coordination compounds and the virtual cancer cell line (receptor protein), where hits were obtained for lead optimizations.
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Nawareg NA, Mostafa AS, El-Messery SM, Nasr MNA. New benzimidazole based hybrids: Synthesis, molecular modeling study and anticancer evaluation as TopoII inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106038. [PMID: 35870412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Three series of new benzimidazole hybrids were designed and synthesized as promising human TopoII inhibitors. They were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques (1H, 13C NMR, ESI-MS and IR). All hybrids (6-23) were screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against five human cancer cell lines namely; HepG-2, MCF-7, PC-3, HCT-116 and Hela. Compound 21 showed the most potent anticancer activity against all cancer cell lines, with IC50 range of 2.82 to 12.59 µM, while proving safe towards normal cells WI-38 (IC50 = 31.89 µM) compared to the reference drug doxorubicin (IC50 = 6.72 µM). The most active candidates 13, 20, 21, 22 and 23 were further assessed for their human TopoII inhibition. The best of which, compounds 13 and 20 showed IC50 of 6.72 and 8.18 µM respectively compared to staurosporine (IC50 = 4.64 µM). Further mechanistic studies for compound 13 showed cell cycle arrest at S-phase by 51.29 % and a significant increase in the total apoptosis by 62.5 folds. Furthermore, apoptosis study proved that it induced apoptosis by decreasing both IAP and Bcl-2, activating caspases 3, 8 and 9, and increasing accumulation of ROS in HepG-2 cells. Besides, it decreased transcription factors' binding activity to DNA. Comparative molecular docking study was performed between the most potent TopoII inhibitors 13 and 20, and the least potent one 23 to relate the binding pattern with TopoII catalytic active site to the biological activity, where all results came in agreement with the biological results. Additional molecular modeling studies including surface mapping and contact preferences were performed to emphasize the importance of hydrophobicity. Physicochemical calculations were assessed where compounds 13 and 20 represented very promising orally active drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nareman A Nawareg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Amany S Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Shahenda M El-Messery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Magda N A Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Majid SA, Mir JM, Bhat MA, Shalla AH, Pandey A, Hadda TB, Abdellattif MH. A pair of carbazate derivatives as novel Schiff base ligands: DFT and POM theory supported spectroscopic and biological evaluation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35751130 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2090437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Schiff bases are mentioned as strongly important molecular scaffolds of industrial and medicinal purposes. Due to wide range applications of carbazate derivatives herein synthesis and characterization of a new Schiff base ligand, (E)-ethyl 2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarboxylate and 4-(nitrobenzaldehyde)ethylcarbazate are reported. The compound was characterized on the basis of experimental and density functional theory calculations (using the B3LYP and 6-31 G(d,p)formalism combination). Among characterization techniques elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopic evaluations were mainly employed to carry out the formulation of the compound. In addition to computational validation of characterization other significant molecular parameters were also evaluated including geometry optimization, frontier molecular orbital analysis (FMO) and Columbic interaction of different constituent atoms of the title compound. A good agreement has been found between DFT and experimental outcomes confined to prove the structure of the compound. Moreover, molecular docking and antimicrobial studies have proven the Schiff base as an effective bioactive compound.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Abdul Majid
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Jan Mohammad Mir
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, RD University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Muzzaffar A Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aabid Hussain Shalla
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Abhishek Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, RD University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Taibi Ben Hadda
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Magda H Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Ribeiro N, Albino M, Ferreira A, Escrevente C, Barral DC, Pessoa JC, Reis CP, Gaspar MM, Correia I. Liposomal Formulations of a New Zinc(II) Complex Exhibiting High Therapeutic Potential in a Murine Colon Cancer Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126728. [PMID: 35743176 PMCID: PMC9223407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Many current therapies rely on chemotherapeutic agents with poor specificity for tumor cells. The clinical success of cisplatin has prompted the research and design of a huge number of metal-based complexes as potential chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, two zinc(II) complexes, [ZnL2] and [ZnL(AcO)], where AcO is acetate and L is an organic compound combining 8-hydroxyquinoline and a benzothiazole moiety, were developed and characterized. Analytical and spectroscopic studies, namely, NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis allowed us to establish the complexes’ structures, demonstrating the ligand-binding versatility: tetradentate in [ZnL(AcO)] and bidentate in [ZnL2]. Complexes were screened in vitro using murine and human colon cancer cells cultured in 2D and 3D settings. In 2D cells, the IC50 values were <22 µM, while in 3D settings, much higher concentrations were required. [ZnL(AcO)] displayed more suitable antiproliferative properties than [ZnL2] and was chosen for further studies. Moreover, based on the weak selectivity of the zinc-based complex towards cancer cell lines in comparison to the non-tumorigenic cell line, its incorporation in long-blood-circulating liposomes was performed, aiming to improve its targetability. The resultant optimized liposomal nanoformulation presented an I.E. of 76% with a mean size under 130 nm and a neutral surface charge and released the metal complex in a pH-dependent manner. The antiproliferative properties of [ZnL(AcO)] were maintained after liposomal incorporation. Preliminary safety assays were carried out through hemolytic activity that never surpassed 2% for the free and liposomal forms of [ZnL(AcO)]. Finally, in a syngeneic murine colon cancer mouse model, while free [ZnL(AcO)] was not able to impair tumor progression, the respective liposomal nanoformulation was able to reduce the relative tumor volume in the same manner as the positive control 5-fluorouracil but, most importantly, using a dosage that was 3-fold lower. Overall, our results show that liposomes were able to solve the solubility issues of the new metal-based complex and target it to tumor sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Ribeiro
- Centro Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.R.); (J.C.P.)
| | - Melissa Albino
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.); (C.P.R.)
| | - Andreia Ferreira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.F.); (C.E.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Cristina Escrevente
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.F.); (C.E.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Duarte C. Barral
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.F.); (C.E.); (D.C.B.)
| | - João Costa Pessoa
- Centro Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.R.); (J.C.P.)
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.); (C.P.R.)
- IBEB, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.A.); (C.P.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.G.); (I.C.)
| | - Isabel Correia
- Centro Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.R.); (J.C.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.G.); (I.C.)
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20
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Wang Y, Zhao X, Wu X, Zhang L, Li G, He Y. Electrochemical Synthesis of Trisubstituted Oxazoles and Imines from β‐Diketones and Amines. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes State Ethnic Affairs Commission School of Ethnic Medicine Yunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 China
| | - Xiao‐Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes State Ethnic Affairs Commission School of Ethnic Medicine Yunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 China
| | - Xi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes State Ethnic Affairs Commission School of Ethnic Medicine Yunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 China
| | - Lizhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes State Ethnic Affairs Commission School of Ethnic Medicine Yunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 China
| | - Ganpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes State Ethnic Affairs Commission School of Ethnic Medicine Yunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 China
| | - Yonghui He
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes State Ethnic Affairs Commission School of Ethnic Medicine Yunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 China
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21
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New Achievements for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of malignancies that are often aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. The development of new TNBC treatment strategies has become an urgent clinical need. Diagnosis and subtyping of TNBC are essential to establish alternative treatments and targeted therapies for every TNBC patient. Chemotherapy, particularly with anthracycline and taxanes, remains the backbone for medical management for both early and metastatic TNBC. More recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have revolutionized cancer treatment. Included in the different strategies studied for TNBC treatment is drug repurposing. Despite the numerous medications available, numerous studies in medicinal chemistry are still aimed at the synthesis of new compounds in order to find new antiproliferative agents capable of treating TNBC. Additionally, some supplemental micronutrients, nutraceuticals and functional foods can potentially reduce the risk of developing cancer or can retard the rate of growth and metastases of established malignant diseases. Finally, nanotechnology in medicine, termed nanomedicines, introduces nanoparticles of variable chemistry and architecture for cancer treatment. This review highlights the most recent studies in search of new therapies for the treatment of TNBC, along with nutraceuticals and repositioning of drugs.
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22
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Seliem IA, Panda SS, Girgis AS, Tran QL, Said MF, Bekheit MS, Abdelnaser A, Nasr S, Fayad W, Soliman AAF, Sakhuja R, Ibrahim TS, Abdel-Samii Z, Al-Mahmoudy AMM. Development of isatin-based Schiff bases targeting VEGFR2 inhibition: Synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative properties, and QSAR studies. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200164. [PMID: 35511203 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three sets of isatin-based Schiff bases were synthesized utilizing the molecular hybridization approach. Some of the synthesized Schiff bases show significant to moderate antiproliferative properties against MCF7 (breast), HCT116 (colon), and PaCa2 (pancreatic) cancer cell line with potency compared to reference drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and sunitinib. Among all, compound 17f (3-((1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)imino)-1-((1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-5-methylindolin-2-one) exhibits promising antiproliferative properties against the MCF7 cancer cell line with 2.1-fold more potency than sunitinib. However, among all the synthesized compounds three (5-methylisatin derivatives) were the most effective against HCT116 in comparison to 5-FU. Compound 17f exhibited the highest anti-angiogenic effect on the vasculature as it significantly reduced BV from 43 mm to 2 mm in comparison to 5.7 mm for Sunitinib and flow cytometry supports the arrest of the cell cycle at G1/S phases. In addition, compound 17f also showed high VEGFR-2 inhibition properties against breast cancer cell lines. Robust 2D-QSAR studies supported the biological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa A Seliem
- Zagazig University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, EGYPT
| | - Siva S Panda
- Augusta University, Chemistry & Physics, 1120 15th Street, 30912, Augusta, UNITED STATES
| | - Adel S Girgis
- National Dental Centre, Department of Pesticide Chemistry, EGYPT
| | - Queen L Tran
- Augusta University, Department of Chemistry and Physics, UNITED STATES
| | - Mona F Said
- Cairo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, EGYPT
| | | | - Anwar Abdelnaser
- The American University in Cairo, Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, EGYPT
| | - Soad Nasr
- The American University in Cairo, Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, EGYPT
| | - Walid Fayad
- National Research Centre, Pharmacognosy Department, EGYPT
| | | | - Rajeev Sakhuja
- BITS: Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Department of Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Tarek S Ibrahim
- King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Zakaria Abdel-Samii
- Zagazig University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, EGYPT
| | - Amany M M Al-Mahmoudy
- Zagazig University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, EGYPT
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23
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Carbazole-based Schiff base: A sensitive fluorescent ‘turn-on’ chemosensor for recognition of Al(III) ions in aqueous-alcohol media. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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24
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Solution Equilibrium Studies on Salicylidene Aminoguanidine Schiff Base Metal Complexes: Impact of the Hybridization with L-Proline on Stability, Redox Activity and Cytotoxicity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072044. [PMID: 35408443 PMCID: PMC9000575 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The proton dissociation processes of two tridentate salicylidene aminoguanidine Schiff bases (SISC, Pro-SISC-Me), the solution stability and electrochemical properties of their Cu(II), Fe(II) and Fe(III) complexes were characterized using pH-potentiometry, cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible, 1H NMR and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopic methods. The structure of the proline derivative (Pro-SISC-Me) was determined by X-ray crystallography. The conjugation of L-proline to the simplest salicylidene aminoguanidine Schiff base (SISC) increased the water solubility due to its zwitterionic structure in a wide pH range. The formation of mono complexes with both ligands was found in the case of Cu(II) and Fe(II), while bis complexes were also formed with Fe(III). In the complexes these tridentate ligands coordinate via the phenolato O, azomethine N and the amidine N, except the complex [Fe(III)L2]+ of Pro-SISC-Me in which the (O,N) donor atoms of the proline moiety are coordinated beside the phenolato O, confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. This binding mode yielded a stronger Fe(III) preference for Pro-SISC-Me over Fe(II) in comparison to SISC. This finding is also reflected in the lower redox potential value of the iron-Pro-SISC-Me complexes. The ligands alone were not cytotoxic against human colon cancer cell lines, while complexation of SISC with Cu(II) resulted in moderate activity, unlike the case of its more hydrophilic counterpart.
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Iacopetta D, Ceramella J, Catalano A, Saturnino C, Pellegrino M, Mariconda A, Longo P, Sinicropi MS, Aquaro S. COVID-19 at a Glance: An Up-to-Date Overview on Variants, Drug Design and Therapies. Viruses 2022; 14:573. [PMID: 35336980 PMCID: PMC8950852 DOI: 10.3390/v14030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a member of the Coronavirus family which caused the worldwide pandemic of human respiratory illness coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Presumably emerging at the end of 2019, it poses a severe threat to public health and safety, with a high incidence of transmission, predominately through aerosols and/or direct contact with infected surfaces. In 2020, the search for vaccines began, leading to the obtaining of, to date, about twenty COVID-19 vaccines approved for use in at least one country. However, COVID-19 continues to spread and new genetic mutations and variants have been discovered, requiring pharmacological treatments. The most common therapies for COVID-19 are represented by antiviral and antimalarial agents, antibiotics, immunomodulators, angiotensin II receptor blockers, bradykinin B2 receptor antagonists and corticosteroids. In addition, nutraceuticals, vitamins D and C, omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics are under study. Finally, drug repositioning, which concerns the investigation of existing drugs for new therapeutic target indications, has been widely proposed in the literature for COVID-19 therapies. Considering the importance of this ongoing global public health emergency, this review aims to offer a synthetic up-to-date overview regarding diagnoses, variants and vaccines for COVID-19, with particular attention paid to the adopted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (M.S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (M.S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (M.S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (M.S.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Stefano Aquaro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.P.); (M.S.S.); (S.A.)
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Ashfaq M, Tahir MN, Muhammad S, Munawar KS, Ali S, Ahmed G, Al-Sehemi AG, Alarfaji SS, Ibraheem Khan ME. Shedding Light on the Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Characterization, and Computational Study of Optoelectronic Properties and Bioactivity of Imine derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5217-5230. [PMID: 35187337 PMCID: PMC8851652 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two imine compounds named as (E)-2-(((3,4-dichlorophenyl)imino)methyl)phenol (DC2H) and (E)-4-(((2,4-dimethylphenyl)imino)methyl)phenol (DM4H) are synthesized, and their crystal structures are verified using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The crystal structures of the compounds are compared with the closely related crystal structures using the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). The crystal packing in terms of intermolecular interactions is fully explored by Hirshfeld surface analysis. Void analysis is carried out for both compounds to check the strength of the crystal packing. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art dual computational technique consisting of quantum chemical and molecular docking methods is used to shed light on the molecular structure, optoelectronic properties, and bioactivity of indigenously synthesized compounds. The optimized molecular geometries are compared with their counterpart experimental values. Based on previous reports of biofunctions of the indigenously synthesized imine derivatives, they are explored for their potential inhibition properties against two very crucial proteins (main protease (Mpro) and nonstructural protein 9 (NSP9)) of SARS-CoV-2. The calculated interaction energy values of DC2H and DM4H with Mpro are found to be -6.3 and -6.6 kcal/mol, respectively, and for NSP9, the calculated interaction energy value is found to be -6.5 kcal/mol. We believe that the current combined study through experiments and computational techniques will not only pique the interest of the broad scientific community but also evoke interest in their further in vitro and in vivo investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department
of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saqib Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Ahmed
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh S. Alarfaji
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid
University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Ceramella J, Iacopetta D, Catalano A, Cirillo F, Lappano R, Sinicropi MS. A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Bases: Data Collection and Recent Studies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:191. [PMID: 35203793 PMCID: PMC8868340 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schiff bases (SBs) have extensive applications in different fields such as analytical, inorganic and organic chemistry. They are used as dyes, catalysts, polymer stabilizers, luminescence chemosensors, catalyzers in the fixation of CO2 biolubricant additives and have been suggested for solar energy applications as well. Further, a wide range of pharmacological and biological applications, such as antimalarial, antiproliferative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antipyretic, antibacterial and antifungal uses, emphasize the need for SB synthesis. Several SBs conjugated with chitosan have been studied in order to enhance the antibacterial activity of chitosan. Moreover, the use of the nanoparticles of SBs may improve their antimicrobial effects. Herein, we provide an analytical overview of the antibacterial and antifungal properties of SBs and chitosan-based SBs as well as SBs-functionalized nanoparticles. The most relevant and recent literature was reviewed for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.I.); (F.C.); (R.L.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.I.); (F.C.); (R.L.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.I.); (F.C.); (R.L.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.I.); (F.C.); (R.L.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.I.); (F.C.); (R.L.); (M.S.S.)
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Novel thiazolium ionic liquids-tagged bicyclo-palladium(II) Schiff base complexes; Synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity toward ovarian cancer. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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29
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Multidrug Resistance (MDR): A Widespread Phenomenon in Pharmacological Therapies. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030616. [PMID: 35163878 PMCID: PMC8839222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is a leading concern in public health. It describes a complex phenotype whose predominant feature is resistance to a wide range of structurally unrelated cytotoxic compounds, many of which are anticancer agents. Multidrug resistance may be also related to antimicrobial drugs, and is known to be one of the most serious global public health threats of this century. Indeed, this phenomenon has increased both mortality and morbidity as a consequence of treatment failures and its incidence in healthcare costs. The large amounts of antibiotics used in human therapies, as well as for farm animals and even for fishes in aquaculture, resulted in the selection of pathogenic bacteria resistant to multiple drugs. It is not negligible that the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may further contribute to antimicrobial resistance. In this paper, multidrug resistance and antimicrobial resistance are underlined, focusing on the therapeutic options to overcome these obstacles in drug treatments. Lastly, some recent studies on nanodrug delivery systems have been reviewed since they may represent a significant approach for overcoming resistance.
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30
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Çınar E, Başaran E, Erdoğan Ö, Çakmak R, Boğa M, Çevik Ö. Heterocyclic Schiff base derivatives containing pyrazolone moiety: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological studies. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Çınar
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Batman University Batman Turkey
| | - Eyüp Başaran
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Vocational School of Technical Sciences Batman University Batman Turkey
| | - Ömer Erdoğan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Adnan Menderes University Aydın Turkey
| | - Reşit Çakmak
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services Batman University Batman Turkey
| | - Mehmet Boğa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Dicle University Diyarbakır Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Adnan Menderes University Aydın Turkey
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31
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Smolyaninov IV, Burmistrova DA, Arsenyev MV, Almyasheva NR, Ivanova ES, Smolyaninova SA, Pashchenko KP, Poddel'sky AI, Berberova NT. Catechol‐ and Phenol‐Containing Thio‐Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Electrochemical Properties and Biological Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V. Smolyaninov
- Department of Chemistry Astrakhan State Technical University 16 Tatischeva str. Astrakhan 414056 Russia
| | - Daria A. Burmistrova
- Department of Chemistry Astrakhan State Technical University 16 Tatischeva str. Astrakhan 414056 Russia
| | - Maxim V. Arsenyev
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina str. 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russia
| | - Nailya R. Almyasheva
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics 11/1 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str. Moscow 119021 Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina S. Ivanova
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology 24 Kashirskoye Shosse Moscow 115478 Russian Federation
| | - Susanna A. Smolyaninova
- Department of Chemistry Astrakhan State Technical University 16 Tatischeva str. Astrakhan 414056 Russia
| | - Konstantin P. Pashchenko
- Department of Chemistry Astrakhan State Technical University 16 Tatischeva str. Astrakhan 414056 Russia
| | - Andrey I. Poddel'sky
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina str. 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russia
| | - Nadezhda T. Berberova
- Department of Chemistry Astrakhan State Technical University 16 Tatischeva str. Astrakhan 414056 Russia
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32
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A Review on the Advancements in the Field of Metal Complexes with Schiff Bases as Antiproliferative Agents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11136027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes play an essential role in pharmaceutical sciences for their multiple and important activities. Schiff bases are versatile pharmacophores able to form chelating complexes with several metals in different oxidation states. Complexes with Schiff bases are widely described in the literature for their multiple actions and numerous advantages, such as low cost and easy synthesis. They show multiple biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimalarial, antinflammatory and antitumor. Schiff bases may also form complexes with lanthanides and actinides acting as catalysts (e.g., in various synthetic processes) and antitumor agents. This review intends to extend on our previous paper regarding Schiff bases as antitumorals, highlighting the importance, in the field of the anticancer agents, of these tools as ligands of metal complexes.
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