1
|
Zhang W, Li Y, Zhang G, Yang X, Chang X, Xing G, Dong H, Wang J, Wang D, Mai Z, Jiang X. Advances in Host-Free White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Utilizing Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: A Comprehensive Review. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:703. [PMID: 38930673 PMCID: PMC11205739 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The ever-growing prominence and widespread acceptance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), particularly those employing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), have firmly established them as formidable contenders in the field of lighting technology. TADF enables achieving a 100% utilization rate and efficient luminescence through reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). However, the effectiveness of TADF-OLEDs is influenced by their high current density and limited device lifetime, which result in a significant reduction in efficiency. This comprehensive review introduces the TADF mechanism and provides a detailed overview of recent advancements in the development of host-free white OLEDs (WOLEDs) utilizing TADF. This review specifically scrutinizes advancements from three distinct perspectives: TADF fluorescence, TADF phosphorescence and all-TADF materials in host-free WOLEDs. By presenting the latest research findings, this review contributes to the understanding of the current state of host-free WOLEDs, employing TADF and underscoring promising avenues for future investigations. It aims to serve as a valuable resource for newcomers seeking an entry point into the field as well as for established members of the WOLEDs community, offering them insightful perspectives on imminent advancements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.C.); (H.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.C.); (H.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.C.); (H.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Xiaotian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Applications of Environmental Friendly Material of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, China;
| | - Xi Chang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.C.); (H.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Guoliang Xing
- Jilin Special Equipment Inspection Center, Jilin Special Equipment Accident Investigation Service Center, No. 866 Huadan Street, Longtan District, Jilin 132013, China;
| | - He Dong
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.C.); (H.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Information Technology, Jilin Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; (W.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.C.); (H.D.)
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Hubei Jiufengshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430206, China; (D.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhihong Mai
- Hubei Jiufengshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430206, China; (D.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han H, Hu S, Zhang S, Li X, Sun H, Chen J, Liu B, Liu C, Chen W, Zhang Q. Achieving Solution‐Processed Non‐Doped Single‐Emitting‐Layer White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes through Adjusting Pyrene‐Based Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201741. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjing Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Sujuan Hu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Hailing Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Baiquan Liu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Chuan Liu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Wangqiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR 999077 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu T, Fu J, Wang X, Lu G, Liu B. Understanding the Structure and Energy Transfer Process of Undoped Ultrathin Emitting Nanolayers Within Interface Exciplexes. Front Chem 2022; 10:887900. [PMID: 35494648 PMCID: PMC9039158 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.887900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have great potential for display, lighting, and near-infrared (NIR) applications due to their outstanding advantages such as high efficiency, low power consumption, and flexibility. Recently, it has been found that the ultrathin emitting nanolayer technology plays a key role in OLEDs with simplified structures through the undoped fabricated process, and exciplex-forming hosts can enhance the efficiency and stability of OLEDs. However, the elementary structure and mechanism of the energy transfer process of ultrathin emitting nanolayers within interface exciplexes are still unclear. Therefore, it is imminently needed to explore the origin of ultrathin emitting nanolayers and their energy process within exciplexes. Herein, the mechanism of films growing to set ultrathin emitting nanolayers (<1 nm) and their energy transfer process within interface exciplexes are reviewed and researched. The UEML phosphorescence dye plays a key role in determining the lifetime of excitons between exciplex and non-exciplex interfaces. The exciplex between TCTA and Bphen has longer lifetime decay than the non-exciplex between TCTA and TAPC, facilitating exciton harvesting. The findings will be beneficial not only to the further development of OLEDs but also to other related organic optoelectronic technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Xu, ; Xinzhong Wang, ; Baiquan Liu,
| | - Jianhui Fu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinzhong Wang
- Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Xu, ; Xinzhong Wang, ; Baiquan Liu,
| | - Guanhua Lu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiquan Liu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Xu, ; Xinzhong Wang, ; Baiquan Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Msalmi R, Elleuch S, Hamdi B, Abd El-Fattah W, Ben Hamadi N, Naïli H. Organically tuned white-light emission from two zero-dimensional Cd-based hybrids. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10431-10442. [PMID: 35425012 PMCID: PMC8982363 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08953f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report two zero-dimensional Cd-based hybrid compounds, denoted CdACP and CdODA, where the Cd atoms adopt tetrahedral geometry. The optical analysis reveals that these materials are classified as wide-gap semi-conductors which makes them suitable for optoelectronic applications. The photoluminescence analysis proves the wavelength dependent white-light emission behavior of the investigated materials. The structural-optical property studies show that, thanks to the heavy halide effect, the CdACP exhibits both fluorescence and room temperature phosphorescence through harvesting triplet states. Meanwhile, in contrast to CdACP, the white light emission from CdODA is purely fluorescence in nature. In fact, within CdODA, both C-H⋯π and N-H⋯N interactions facilitate the intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) between the different cations which leads to ultra-fast fluorescence through excited state ESIPT. Under sub-gap excitations, the inorganic sub-lattice is responsible for the blue-green emission through the STE mechanism, while the organic cations contribute by an intense red emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rawia Msalmi
- Laboratory of Physico Chemistry of the Solid State, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| | - Slim Elleuch
- Laboratory of Applied Physics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| | - Besma Hamdi
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| | - Wesam Abd El-Fattah
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, IMSIU (Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University) Riyadh 11623 kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University Port-Said Egypt
| | - Naoufel Ben Hamadi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, IMSIU (Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University) Riyadh 11623 kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Team: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir Avenue of Environment 5019 Monastir Tunisia
| | - Houcine Naïli
- Laboratory of Physico Chemistry of the Solid State, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Due to the untiring efforts of scientists and researchers on oxide semiconductor materials, processes, and devices, the applications for oxide-based thin film transistors (TFTs) have been researched and promoted on a large scale. With the advantages of relatively high carrier mobility, low off-current, good process compatibility, optical transparency, low cost, and especially flexibility, oxide-based TFTs have already been adapted for not only displays (e.g., liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light emitting diode (OLED), micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED), virtual reality/augmented reality (VR/AR) and electronic paper displays (EPD)) but also large-area electronics, analog circuits, and digital circuits. Furthermore, as the requirement of TFT technology increases, low temperature poly-silicon and oxide (LTPO) TFTs, which combine p-type LTPS and n-type oxide TFT on the same substrate, have drawn further interest for realizing the hybrid complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuit. This invited review provides the current progress on applications of oxide-based TFTs. Typical device configurations of TFTs are first described. Then, the strategies to apply oxide-based TFTs for improving the display quality with different compensation technologies and obtaining higher performance integrated circuits are highlighted. Finally, an outlook for the future development of oxide-based TFTs is given.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mavronasou K, Zamboulis A, Klonos P, Kyritsis A, Bikiaris DN, Papadakis R, Deligkiozi I. Poly(vinyl pyridine) and Its Quaternized Derivatives: Understanding Their Solvation and Solid State Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040804. [PMID: 35215717 PMCID: PMC8962976 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of N-methyl quaternized derivatives of poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) were synthesized in high yields with different degrees of quaternization, obtained by varying the methyl iodide molar ratio and affording products with unexplored optical and solvation properties. The impact of quaternization on the physicochemical properties of the copolymers, and notably the solvation properties, was further studied. The structure of the synthesized polymers and the quaternization degrees were determined by infrared and nuclear magnetic spectroscopies, while their thermal characteristics were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and their thermal stability and degradation by thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA). Attention was given to their optical properties, where UV-Vis and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) measurements were carried out. The optical band gap of the polymers was calculated and correlated with the degree of quaternization. The study was further orientated towards the solvation properties of the polymers in binary solvent mixtures that strongly depend on the degree of quaternization, enabling a better understanding of the key polymer (solute)-solvent interactions. The assessment of the underlying solvation phenomena was performed in a system of different ratios of DMSO/H2O and the solvatochromic indicator used was Reichardt’s dye. Solvent polarity parameters have a significant effect on the visible spectra of the nitrogen quaternization of PVP studied in this work and a detailed path towards this assessment is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Zamboulis
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.Z.); (P.K.); (D.N.B.)
| | - Panagiotis Klonos
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.Z.); (P.K.); (D.N.B.)
- Department of Physics, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | - Apostolos Kyritsis
- Department of Physics, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.Z.); (P.K.); (D.N.B.)
| | | | - Ioanna Deligkiozi
- Creative Nano PC, 4 Leventi Street, Peristeri, 12132 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiao P, Yu Y, Cheng J, Chen Y, Yuan S, Chen J, Yuan J, Liu B. Advances in Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Possessing Improved Lifetime. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:E103. [PMID: 33406749 PMCID: PMC7823701 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are seeing an increasing academic and industrial interest with a potential for a broad range of technologies including display, lighting, and signaling. The maximum external quantum efficiency of PeLEDs can overtake 20% nowadays, however, the lifetime of PeLEDs is still far from the demand of practical applications. In this review, state-of-the-art concepts to improve the lifetime of PeLEDs are comprehensively summarized from the perspective of the design of perovskite emitting materials, the innovation of device engineering, the manipulation of optical effects, and the introduction of advanced encapsulations. First, the fundamental concepts determining the lifetime of PeLEDs are presented. Then, the strategies to improve the lifetime of both organic-inorganic hybrid and all-inorganic PeLEDs are highlighted. Particularly, the approaches to manage optical effects and encapsulations for the improved lifetime, which are negligibly studied in PeLEDs, are discussed based on the related concepts of organic LEDs and Cd-based quantum-dot LEDs, which is beneficial to insightfully understand the lifetime of PeLEDs. At last, the challenges and opportunities to further enhance the lifetime of PeLEDs are introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yicong Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Junyang Cheng
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yonglong Chen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shengjin Yuan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jian Yuan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (P.X.); (J.C.); (Y.C.); (S.Y.); (J.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Baiquan Liu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Investigations of the Optical and Thermal Properties of the Pyrazoloquinoline Derivatives and Their Application for OLED Design. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112707. [PMID: 33207751 PMCID: PMC7697901 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the photo-optical properties of the series of new 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline derivatives were investigated. Pyrazoloquinoline studies were conducted to explain the electroluminescent effect in organic LEDs. Absorption and photoluminescence spectra for the materials under consideration were examined, and quantum chemical calculations were made. Differential scanning calorimetric and thermogravimetric measurements were carried out for the manufactured materials. The phase situation of the materials was determined, and glassy transitions were detected for three of the investigated materials. Degradation temperatures were obtained. Single-layer luminescent diodes based on the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/active layer/Al scheme were fabricated. Current-voltage and brightness-voltage characteristics of the diodes were determined, ignition voltage was calculated, and electroluminescence types were determined.
Collapse
|
9
|
Narsaria AK, Rauch F, Krebs J, Endres P, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Finze M, Nitsch J, Bickelhaupt FM, Marder TB. Computationally Guided Molecular Design to Minimize the LE/CT Gap in D-π-A Fluorinated Triarylboranes for Efficient TADF via D and π-Bridge Tuning. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2002064. [PMID: 32774198 PMCID: PMC7405949 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202002064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this combined experimental and theoretical study, a computational protocol is reported to predict the excited states in D-π-A compounds containing the B(FXyl)2 (FXyl = 2,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) acceptor group for the design of new thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. To this end, the effect of different donor and π-bridge moieties on the energy gaps between local and charge-transfer singlet and triplet states is examined. To prove this computationally aided design concept, the D-π-B(FXyl)2 compounds 1-5 were synthesized and fully characterized. The photophysical properties of these compounds in various solvents, polymeric film, and in a frozen matrix were investigated in detail and show excellent agreement with the computationally obtained data. Furthermore, a simple structure-property relationship is presented on the basis of the molecular fragment orbitals of the donor and the π-bridge, which minimize the relevant singlet-triplet gaps to achieve efficient TADF emitters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayush K. Narsaria
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1083AmsterdamNL‐1081 HVThe Netherlands
| | - Florian Rauch
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Johannes Krebs
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Peter Endres
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1083AmsterdamNL‐1081 HVThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM)Radboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 135NijmegenNL‐6525 AJThe Netherlands
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Luo D, Wang L, Qiu Y, Huang R, Liu B. Emergence of Impurity-Doped Nanocrystal Light-Emitting Diodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1226. [PMID: 32599722 PMCID: PMC7353084 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, impurity-doped nanocrystal light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have aroused both academic and industrial interest since they are highly promising to satisfy the increasing demand of display, lighting, and signaling technologies. Compared with undoped counterparts, impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs have been demonstrated to possess many extraordinary characteristics including enhanced efficiency, increased luminance, reduced voltage, and prolonged stability. In this review, recent state-of-the-art concepts to achieve high-performance impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs are summarized. Firstly, the fundamental concepts of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs are presented. Then, the strategies to enhance the performance of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs via both material design and device engineering are introduced. In particular, the emergence of three types of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs is comprehensively highlighted, namely impurity-doped colloidal quantum dot LEDs, impurity-doped perovskite LEDs, and impurity-doped colloidal quantum well LEDs. At last, the challenges and the opportunities to further improve the performance of impurity-doped nanocrystal LEDs are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- Institute of Semiconductors, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;
| | - Lin Wang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore;
| | - Ying Qiu
- Guangdong R&D Center for Technological Economy, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Runda Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Baiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li W, Li B, Cai X, Gan L, Xu Z, Li W, Liu K, Chen D, Su S. Tri‐Spiral Donor for High Efficiency and Versatile Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11301-11305. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Lin Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Zhida Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Kunkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Dongcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Shi‐Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stachelek P, Ward JS, dos Santos PL, Danos A, Colella M, Haase N, Raynes SJ, Batsanov AS, Bryce MR, Monkman AP. Molecular Design Strategies for Color Tuning of Blue TADF Emitters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27125-27133. [PMID: 31314484 PMCID: PMC7006999 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
New thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) blue emitter molecules based on the known donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D)-type TADF molecule, 2,7-bis(9,9-dimethylacridin-10-yl)-9,9-dimethylthioxanthene-S,S-dioxide (DDMA-TXO2), are reported. The motivation for the present investigation is via the use of rational molecular design, based on DDMA-TXO2, to elevate the organic light emitting diode (OLED) performance and obtain deeper blue color coordinates. To achieve this goal, the strength of the donor (D) unit and acceptor (A) units have been tuned with methyl substituents. The methyl functionality on the acceptor was also expected to modulate the D-A torsion angle in order to obtain a blue shift in the electroluminescence. The effect of regioisomeric structures has also been investigated. Herein, we report the photophysical, electrochemical, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography data to assist with the successful OLED design. The methyl substituents on the DDMA-TXO2 framework have profound effects on the photophysics and color coordinates of the emitters. The weak electron-donating methyl groups alter the redox properties of the D and A units and consequently affect the singlet and triplet levels but not the energy gap (ΔEST). By systematically manipulating all of the aforementioned factors, devices have been obtained with acceptor-substituted III with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 22.6% and Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage coordinates of (0.15, 0.18) at 1000 cd m-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Stachelek
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Jonathan S. Ward
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Paloma L. dos Santos
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Andrew Danos
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Marco Colella
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Nils Haase
- Institute
of Physics, Experimental Physics IV, University
of Augsburg, Universitätsstr.
1, Augsburg 86135, Germany
- Merck
KGaA, Performance Materials—Display Solutions, Frankfurter Straße 250, Darmstadt 64293, Germany
| | - Samuel J. Raynes
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Andrei S. Batsanov
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| | - Andrew P. Monkman
- Department
of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luo D, Chen Q, Qiu Y, Zhang M, Liu B. Device Engineering for All-Inorganic Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1007. [PMID: 31336905 PMCID: PMC6669542 DOI: 10.3390/nano9071007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, all-inorganic perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have attracted both academic and industrial interest thanks to their outstanding properties, such as high efficiency, bright luminance, excellent color purity, low cost and potentially good operational stability. Apart from the design and treatment of all-inorganic emitters, the device engineering is another significant factor to guarantee the high performance. In this review, we have summarized the state-of-the-art concepts for device engineering in all-inorganic PeLEDs, where the charge injection, transport, balance and leakage play a critical role in the performance. First, we have described the fundamental concepts of all-inorganic PeLEDs. Then, we have introduced the enhancement of device engineering in all-inorganic PeLEDs. Particularly, we have comprehensively highlighted the emergence of all-inorganic PeLEDs, strategies to improve the hole injection, approaches to enhance the electron injection, schemes to increase the charge balance and methods to decrease the charge leakage. Finally, we have clarified the issues and ways to further enhance the performance of all-inorganic PeLEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qizan Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Qiu
- Guangdong R&D Center for Technological Economy, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Menglong Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Semiconductors, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Baiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- LUMINOUS! Centre of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li W, Li B, Cai X, Gan L, Xu Z, Li W, Liu K, Chen D, Su S. Tri‐Spiral Donor for High Efficiency and Versatile Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Lin Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Zhida Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Kunkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Dongcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| | - Shi‐Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Province P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Luo D, Chen Q, Liu B, Qiu Y. Emergence of Flexible White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E384. [PMID: 30960368 PMCID: PMC6419156 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible white organic light-emitting diodes (FWOLEDs) have considerable potential to meet the rapidly growing requirements of display and lighting commercialization. To achieve high-performance FWOLEDs, (i) the selection of effective flexible substrates, (ii) the use of transparent conducting electrodes, (iii) the introduction of efficient device architectures, and iv) the exploitation of advanced outcoupling techniques are necessary. In this review, recent state-of-the-art strategies to develop FWOLEDs have been summarized. Firstly, the fundamental concepts of FWOLEDs have been described. Then, the primary approaches to realize FWOLEDs have been introduced. Particularly, the effects of flexible substrates, conducting electrodes, device architectures, and outcoupling techniques in FWOLEDs have been comprehensively highlighted. Finally, issues and ways to further enhance the performance of FWOLEDs have been briefly clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qizan Chen
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS! Centre of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ying Qiu
- Guangdong R&D Center for Technological Economy, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xiao P, Huang J, Yu Y, Liu B. Recent Developments in Tandem White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Molecules 2019; 24:E151. [PMID: 30609748 PMCID: PMC6337303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tandem white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are promising for the lighting and displays field since their current efficiency, external quantum efficiency and lifetime can be strikingly enhanced compared with single-unit devices. In this invited review, we have firstly described fundamental concepts of tandem device architectures and their use in WOLEDs. Then, we have summarized the state-of-the-art strategies to achieve high-performance tandem WOLEDs in recent years. Specifically, we have highlighted the developments in the four types of tandem WOLEDs (i.e., tandem fluorescent WOLEDs, tandem phosphorescent WOLEDs, tandem thermally activated delayed fluorescent WOLEDs, and tandem hybrid WOLEDs). Furthermore, we have introduced doping-free tandem WOLEDs. In the end, we have given an outlook for the future development of tandem WOLEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Junhua Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Yicong Yu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS! Centre of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Siddiqui QT, Awasthi AA, Bhui P, Parab P, Muneer M, Bose S, Agarwal N. TADF and exciplex emission in a xanthone–carbazole derivative and tuning of its electroluminescence with applied voltage. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40248-40254. [PMID: 35542672 PMCID: PMC9076223 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials showing white light emission have found applications in a variety of solid state devices especially in display technology. For white light emission, doping of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) emitters in a host matrix is commonly practised. However, finding RGB emitters of similar stability with homogenous doping is challenging. Furthermore, such devices suffer from color purity in the long run. Small organic light emitters, capable of colour tuning and having a broad emission spectrum are in high demand as they provide colour stability, reproducibility, a simple device geometry and high efficiency. Recently, it has been shown that the efficiency of OLEDs can be enhanced by employing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials. Here, we designed and synthesised a xanthone–carbazole based D-A-D material (Xan-Cbz) for TADF properties. Blue TADF emission, in neat thin films, at 470 nm was observed and further investigated by studying delayed fluorescence and lifetime measurements. In addition, a blend of Xan-Cbz with NPD shows exciplex emission at 525 nm in thin film. OLEDs based on Xan-Cbz were fabricated using several device configurations. OLEDs having the device configuration ITO/PEDOT:PSS/NPD/Xan-Cbz/Bphen/LiF-Al showed a luminance of 1.96 × 104 Cd m−2 (at a current density of 50 mA cm−2) and VON at ∼6 V. Electroluminescence showed the features of both neat emission (470 nm) of Xan-Cbz and its exciplex (525 nm) with NPD. Further, colour tuning was observed as a function of applied voltage and the ratio of light intensity (I525/I470) of neat and exciplex emission was found to decrease with increasing voltage. Greenish-blue emission (CIE coordinates: 0.202, 0.382) from Xan-Cbz OLEDs was obtained. Xan-Cbz showed its neat emission (at 470 nm) in ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CBP/Xan-Cbz/Bphen/LiF-Al and pure exciplex emission (at 525 nm) in ITO/PEDOT:PSS/NPD:Xan-Cbz/Bphen/LiF-Al device configurations. Thus in this article we showed blue TADF emission, exciplex emission and voltage dependent color tuning in OLEDs based on a small organic emitter. Xanthone–carbazole (Xan–Cbz) derivative is synthesized and its photophysical properties are explored. OLEDs of Xan–Cbz shows tunability of electro-luminescence with applied voltage.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qamar T. Siddiqui
- School of Chemical Sciences
- UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Ankur A. Awasthi
- School of Chemical Sciences
- UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Prabhjyot Bhui
- School of Physical Sciences
- UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Pradnya Parab
- School of Physical Sciences
- UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Mohammad Muneer
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh
- India
| | - Sangita Bose
- School of Physical Sciences
- UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- School of Chemical Sciences
- UM-DAE, Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
- University of Mumbai
- Mumbai
- India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Recent Advances of Exciplex-Based White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, exciplexes have been actively investigated in white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs), since they can be effectively functioned as (i) fluorescent or thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters; (ii) the hosts of fluorescent, phosphorescent and TADF dopants. By virtue of the unique advantages of exciplexes, high-performance exciplex-based WOLEDs can be achieved. In this invited review, we have firstly described fundamental concepts of exciplexes and their use in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Then, we have concluded the primary strategies to develop exciplex-based WOLEDs. Specifically, we have emphasized the representative WOLEDs using exciplex emitters or hosts. In the end, we have given an outlook for the future development of exciplex-based WOLEDs.
Collapse
|
19
|
Xiao P, Huang J, Yan D, Luo D, Yuan J, Liu B, Liang D. Emergence of Nanoplatelet Light-Emitting Diodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1376. [PMID: 30096754 PMCID: PMC6119858 DOI: 10.3390/ma11081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since 2014, nanoplatelet light-emitting diodes (NPL-LEDs) have been emerged as a new kind of LEDs. At first, NPL-LEDs are mainly realized by CdSe based NPLs. Since 2016, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite NPLs are found to be effective to develop NPL-LEDs. In 2017, all-inorganic perovskite NPLs are also demonstrated for NPL-LEDs. Therefore, the development of NPL-LEDs is flourishing. In this review, the fundamental concepts of NPL-LEDs are first introduced, then the main approaches to realize NPL-LEDs are summarized and the recent progress of representative NPL-LEDs is highlighted, finally the challenges and opportunities for NPL-LEDs are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Junhua Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dong Yan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Dongxiang Luo
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jian Yuan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Baiquan Liu
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Dong Liang
- LUMINOUS, Center of Excellent for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|