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Mancuso G, Foglia A, Chioggia F, Drei P, Eusebi AL, Lavrnić S, Siroli L, Carrozzini LM, Fatone F, Toscano A. Demo-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor coupled with hybrid constructed wetlands for energy-carbon efficient agricultural wastewater reuse in decentralized scenarios. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121109. [PMID: 38723500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The impact of climate change on water availability and quality has affected agricultural irrigation. The use of treated wastewater can alleviate water in agriculture. Nevertheless, it is imperative to ensure proper treatment of wastewater before reuse, in compliance with current regulations of this practice. In decentralized agricultural scenarios, the lack of adequate treatment facilities poses a challenge in providing treated wastewater for irrigation. Hence, there is a critical need to develop and implement innovative, feasible, and sustainable treatment solutions to secure the use of this alternative water source. This study proposes the integration of intensive treatment solutions and natural treatment systems, specifically, the combination of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB), anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR), constructed wetlands (CWs), and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. For this purpose, a novel demo-scale plant was designed, constructed and implemented to test wastewater treatment and evaluate the capability of the proposed system to provide an effluent with a quality in compliance with the current European wastewater reuse regulatory framework. In addition, carbon-sequestration and energy analyses were conducted to assess the sustainability of the proposed treatment approach. This research confirmed that UASB rector can be employed for biogas production (2.5 L h-1) and energy recovery from organic matter degradation, but its effluent requires further treatment steps to be reused in agricultural irrigation. The AnMBR effluent complied with class A standards for E. coli, boasting a concentration of 0 CFU 100 mL-1, and nearly negligible TSS levels. However, further reduction of BOD5 (35 mg L-1) is required to reach water quality class A. CWs efficiently produced effluent with BOD5 below 10 mg L-1 and TSS close to 0 mg L-1, making it suitable for water reuse and meeting class A standards. Furthermore, CWs demonstrated significantly higher energy efficiency compared to intensive treatment systems. Nonetheless, the inclusion of a UV disinfection unit after CWs was required to attain water class B standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mancuso
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale Fanin 50, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Alessia Foglia
- Marche Polytechnic University, Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Via Brecce Bianche, 12, Ancona, 60131, Italy.
| | - Francesco Chioggia
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale Fanin 50, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Drei
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale Fanin 50, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Eusebi
- Marche Polytechnic University, Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Via Brecce Bianche, 12, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Stevo Lavrnić
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale Fanin 50, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Siroli
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale Fanin 50, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Fatone
- Marche Polytechnic University, Department of Science and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU, Via Brecce Bianche, 12, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Attilio Toscano
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale Fanin 50, 40127, Bologna, Italy
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Almeida JR, León ES, Rogalla F, Fradinho JC, Oehmen A, Reis MAM. Polyhydroxyalkanoates production in purple phototrophic bacteria ponds: A breakthrough in outdoor pilot-scale operation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168899. [PMID: 38029992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The versatile capacity of purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) for producing valuable bioproducts has gathered renewed interest in the field of resource recovery and waste valorisation. However, greater knowledge regarding the viability of applying PPB technologies in outdoor, large-scale systems is required. This study assessed, for the first time, the upscaling of the phototrophic polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production technology in a pilot-scale system operated in outdoor conditions. An integrated system composed of two up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors (for fermentation of wastewater with molasses), and two high-rate algal ponds retrofitted into PPB ponds, was operated in a wastewater treatment plant under outdoor conditions. UASB's adaptation to the outdoor temperatures involved testing different operational settings, namely hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 48 and 72 h, and molasses fermentation in one or two UASBs. Results have shown that the fermentation of molasses in both UASBs with an increased HRT of 72 h was able to ensure a suitable operation during colder conditions, achieving 3.83 ± 0.63 g CODFermentative Products/L, compared to the 3.73 ± 0.85 g CODFermentative Products/L achieved during warmer conditions (molasses fermentation in one UASB; HRT 48 h). Furthermore, the PPB ponds were operated under a light-feast/dark-aerated-famine strategy and fed with the fermented wastewater and molasses from the two UASBs. The best PHA production was obtained during the summer of 2018 and spring of 2019, attaining 34.7 % gPHA/gVSS with a productivity of 0.11 gPHA L-1 day-1 and 36 % gPHA/gVSS with a productivity of 0.14 gPHA L-1 day-1, respectively. Overall, this study showcases the first translation of phototrophic PHA production technology from an artificially illuminated laboratory scale system into a naturally illuminated, outdoor, pilot-scale system. It also addresses relevant process integration aspects with UASBs for pre-fermenting wastewater with molasses, providing a novel operational strategy to achieve photosynthetic PHA production in outdoor full-scale systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Almeida
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - E Serrano León
- FCC Servicios Ciudadanos, Av. del Camino de Santiago, 40, edificio 3, 4ª planta, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Rogalla
- FCC Servicios Ciudadanos, Av. del Camino de Santiago, 40, edificio 3, 4ª planta, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Fradinho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - A Oehmen
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - M A M Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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3
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Tanguay-Rioux F, Spreutels L, Roy C, Frigon JC. Assessment of the Feasibility of Converting the Liquid Fraction Separated from Fruit and Vegetable Waste in a UASB Digester. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 11:6. [PMID: 38275574 PMCID: PMC10813218 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of food waste still faces important challenges despite its world-wide application. An important fraction of food waste is composed of organic material having a low hydrolysis rate and which is often not degraded in digesters. The addition of this less hydrolysable fraction into anaerobic digesters requires a longer hydraulic residence time, and therefore leads to oversizing of the digesters. To overcome this problem, the conversion of the highly biodegradable liquid fraction from fruit and vegetable waste in a up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) digester is proposed and demonstrated. The more easily biodegradable fraction of the waste is concentrated in the liquid phase using a 2-stage screw press separation. Then, this liquid fraction is digested in a 3.5 L UASB digester at a high organic loading rate. A good and stable performance was observed up to an organic loading rate (OLR) of 12 g COD/(Lrx.d), with a specific methane production of 2.6 L CH4/(Lrx.d) and a degradation of 85% of the initial total COD. Compared to the conversion of the same initial waste with a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), this new treatment strategy leads to 10% lower COD degradation, but can produce the same amount of methane with a digester that is twice as small. The scale-up of this process could contribute to reduced costs related to the anaerobic digestion of food waste, while reducing management efforts associated with digestate handling and increasing process stability at high organic loading rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent Spreutels
- Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Ave., Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada; (F.T.-R.); (J.-C.F.)
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Kandagatla N, Kunnoth B, Sridhar P, Tyagi V, Rao PV, Tyagi RD. Rice mill wastewater management in the era of circular economy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119248. [PMID: 37839206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Several nations around the world use rice as their primary food staple because of its tremendous nutritional value. India's expanding population has sparked a proliferation of rice mills as a result of the country's growing rice demand. However, small and medium-scale industries lack adequate facilities for processing effluents and other waste generated. Paddy is typically processed by parboiling, which involves soaking it in water, boiling it with steam, and then drying and milling. Around 1-1.5 L of water is necessary to partially cook 1 kg of unhusked rice, with approximately half of this water being discharged as effluent. Disposal of rice mill effluent (RME) in water bodies or on the land causes severe damage to soil and water. An inclusive examination of diverse approaches for the treatment and stabilization of partially cooked rice milling effluents is provided. Moreover, the document provides a concise overview of contemporary and environmentally friendly technologies for treating RME. Adsorption, electrocoagulation, chemical coagulation, and bioremediation using microbes, plants, and microalgae are all included in these methods. This manuscript discusses the concept of a circular economy, which is focused on enhancing environmental sustainability through the recycling and repurposing of generated waste into raw materials for the creation of new products. In addition, this review aims to focus on the impact of RME on soils and water species and the status of sustainable management at the point of circular economy with RME bioenergy production (bioelectricity, biomethane, and bio-hydrogen).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarjuna Kandagatla
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India
| | - Bella Kunnoth
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India
| | - Pilli Sridhar
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India.
| | - Vinay Tyagi
- Environmental Biotechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - P V Rao
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, India.
| | - R D Tyagi
- BOSK Bioproducts, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Ji J, Xu G, Yang H, Liu J, Wang C, Yin F, Zhang W, Hao S. Study on the treatment of corn alcohol wastewater by the internal circulation anaerobic reactor. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:3129-3141. [PMID: 38154799 PMCID: wst_2023_397 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
To comprehensively assess the efficacy of employing the internal circulation (IC) anaerobic reactor for corn alcohol wastewater treatment and investigate its feasibility, this study focused on anaerobic digestion parameters, energy balance, and the composition of the prokaryotic microbial community. During the operation of the reactor, the hydraulic retention time was progressively reduced from 4.8 to 1.6 days while achieving an average organic loading rate of 12.46 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/(m3·d). Moreover, the removal rate of COD exceeded 98%, and the energy balance (ΔE) reached 10.29 kJ/g fed COD. The initial manifestation of organic acidosis in the reactor was a decline in gas production, which is primarily caused by propionic acid accumulation. The subsequent analysis revealed a high diversity of prokaryotes in granular sludge, with the predominant archaea primarily involved in methane production through the acetic acid pathway. The IC anaerobic reactor shows exceptional performance in treating corn alcohol wastewater by optimizing its operating conditions. Energy balance analysis confirmed the feasibility of the process. The findings of this study may offer valuable insights for optimizing control strategies and engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Ji
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; Economic Crop Technology Extension Station, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Mengzi 661100, China; Authors contributed equally. E-mail:
| | - Guoqin Xu
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China; College of Biological and Agricultural Science, Honghe University, Mengzi 661100, China; Authors contributed equally
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Changmei Wang
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fang Yin
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wudi Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shumei Hao
- School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
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Cavalcante WA, de Menezes CA, da Silva Júnior FCG, Gehring TA, Leitão RC, Zaiat M. From start-up to maximum loading: An approach for methane production in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor fed with the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117578. [PMID: 36863146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This investigation provides a reproducible approach for determining the limits of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor designed for the methanization of the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste (FVWL). Two identical mesophilic UASB reactors were operated for 240 days with a three-day fixed hydraulic retention time and an organic load rate (OLR) increased from 1.8 to 10 gCOD L-1 d-1. Because of the previous estimation of flocculent-inoculum methanogenic activity, it was possible to design a safe OLR for the quick start-up of both UASB reactors. The operational variables obtained from the operation of the UASB reactors did not show statistical differences, ensuring the experiment's reproducibility. As a result, the reactors achieved methane yield close to 0.250 LCH4 gCOD-1 up to the OLR of 7.7 gCOD L-1 d-1. Furthermore, the maximum volumetric methane production rate of 2.0 LCH4 L-1 d-1 was discovered for the OLR ranges between 7.7 and 10 gCOD L-1 d-1. The possible overload at OLR of 10 gCOD L-1 d-1 resulted in a significant reduction of methane production in both UASB reactors. Based on the methanogenic activity of the UASB reactors sludge, a maximum loading capacity of approximately 8 gCOD L-1 d-1 was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willame A Cavalcante
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | | | - Francisco C G da Silva Júnior
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Tito A Gehring
- Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.150, Bochum, 44801, Germany.
| | - Renato C Leitão
- Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Wang L, Liu C, Sangeetha T, Yan WM, Sun F, Li Z, Wang X, Pan K, Wang A, Bi X, Liu W. Integrated microbial electrolysis with high-alkali pretreated sludge digestion: Insight into the effect of voltage on methanogenesis and substrate metabolism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 341:118007. [PMID: 37148763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Integrated microbial electrolysis with anaerobic digestion is proved to be an effective way to improve methanogenesis efficiency of waste activated sludge (WAS). WAS requires pretreatment for efficient improvement of acidification or methanogenesis efficiency, but excessive acidification may inhibit the methanogenesis. In order to balance these two stages, a method for efficient WAS hydrolysis and methanogenesis has been proposed in this study by high-alkaline pretreatment integrated with microbial electrolysis system. The effects of pretreatment methods and voltage on the normal temperature digestion of WAS have also been further investigated with emphasis on the effects of voltage and substrate metabolism. The results show that compared to low-alkaline pretreatment (pH = 10), high-alkaline pretreatment (pH > 14) can double the SCOD release and promote the VFAs accumulation to 5657 ± 392 mg COD/L, but inhibit the methanogenesis process. Microbial electrolysis can alleviate this inhibition effectively through the rapid consumption of VFAs and speeding up of the methanogenesis process. The optimal methane yield of the integrated system is 120.4 ± 8.4 mL/g VSS at the voltage of 0.5 V. Enzyme activities, high-throughput and gene function prediction analysis reveal that the cathode and anode maintain the activity of methanogens under high substrate concentrations. Voltage positively responded to improved methane yield from 0.3 to 0.8 V, but higher than 1.1 V is found to be unfavorable for cathodic methanogenesis and results in additional power loss. These findings provide a perspective idea for rapid and maximum biogas recovery from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150000, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China
| | - Thangavel Sangeetha
- Research Center of Energy Conservation for New Generation of Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Sectors, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan; Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Wei Mon Yan
- Research Center of Energy Conservation for New Generation of Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Sectors, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan; Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Fang Sun
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Department of Physics, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, 157012, PR China
| | - Zhiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150000, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China
| | - Kailing Pan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150000, PR China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Xuejun Bi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266000, PR China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150000, PR China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China.
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Ahmad A, Senaidi AS. Sustainability for wastewater treatment: bioelectricity generation and emission reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48703-48720. [PMID: 36862299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
This review covers the technological measures of a self-sustainable anaerobic up-flow sludge blanket (UASB) system compared with an aerobic activated sludge process (ASP) for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The ASP requires a huge amount of electricity and chemicals and also results in the emission of carbon. The UASB system, instead, is based on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction and is associated with biogas production for cleaner electricity. WWTPs including the ASP system are not sustainable due to the massive financial power required for clean wastewater. When the ASP system was used, the amount of production was estimated to be 10658.98 tonnes CO2eq-d- of carbon dioxide. Whereas it was 239.19 tonnes CO2eq-d-1 with the UASB. The UASB system is advantageous over the ASP system as it has a high production of biogas, needs low maintenance, yields a low amount of sludge, and is also a source of electricity that can be used as a power source for the WWTPs. Also, the UASB system produces less biomass, and this helps in reducing costs and maintaining work. Moreover, the aeration tank of the ASP needs 60% of energy distribution; on the other hand, the UASB consumes less energy, approximately 3-11%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ahmad
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Nizwa, PO 33 Postal Code 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Alaya Said Senaidi
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Nizwa, PO 33 Postal Code 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
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Sánchez Z, Martí-Herrero J, Escalante H, Castro L. Integration of mesophilic biogas plant in the animal slaughter process under real limitations: Techno-economic evaluation of a colombian bovine slaughterhouse. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 160:112-122. [PMID: 36807026 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been a widely tested alternative for the management and valorization of wastewater from the animal slaughter process. However, the integration of AD in slaughterhouses depends on technical and economic aspects. In Colombian slaughterhouses AD integration is limited by the availability of land. In the present study, a techno-economic evaluation of the AD of offal wastewater (OWW) stream in a laboratory scale mesophilic tubular digester was carried out. The digester was operated at organic loading rates (OLR) of 0.28, 0.50, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg VS/m3 d. Boilers and a CHP (combined heat and power) system were considered for energy integration of biogas. For the economic study, the cost structure of a Colombian slaughterhouse was considered. The AD of OWW at 2.0 kg VS/m3 d OLR was unstable with risk of inhibition. Increasing the OLR from 0.28 to 1.5 kg VS/m3 d caused a reduction in the specific biogas production (SBP) from 0.474 to 0.069 m3/kg VS However, the biogas production rate (BPR) remained constant at around 0.105 m3/m3dig d for OLRs > 0.28 kg VSm3 d. Therefore, OWW anaerobic digestion in low-cost mesophilic biogas plants is technically feasible with OLRs between 0.28 and 1.5 kg VS/m3 d. The implementation of boilers is economically favorable for OLR ≥ 1.0 kg VS/m3 d. Nevertheless, feasibility is very sensitive to variations in the cost structure. The implementation of CHP was feasible in the range of OLRs evaluated and its viability is not affected by changes in assumed costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamir Sánchez
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander-UIS, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia.
| | - Jaime Martí-Herrero
- Biomass to Resources Group, Universidad Regional Amazonica Ikiam, Via Tena-Muyuna, Km.7, Tena, Napo, Ecuador; Building Energy and Environment Group, Centre Internacional de Métodes Numérics en Enginyeria, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Humberto Escalante
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander-UIS, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia.
| | - Liliana Castro
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de Valorización de Residuos y Fuentes Agrícolas e Industriales para la Sustentabilidad Energética (INTERFASE), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander-UIS, Carrera 27, Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia.
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Workie E, Kumar V, Bhatnagar A, He Y, Dai Y, Wah Tong Y, Peng Y, Zhang J, Fu C. Advancing the bioconversion process of food waste into methane: A systematic review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 156:187-197. [PMID: 36493662 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous rise of food waste (FW) throughout the world, a research effort to reveal its potential for bioenergy production is surging. There is a lack of harmonized information and publications available that evaluate the state-of-advance for FW-derived methane production process, particularly from an engineering and sustainability point of view. Anaerobic digestion (AD) has shown remarkable efficiency in the bioconversion of FW to methane. This paper reviews the current research progress, gaps, and prospects in pre-AD, AD, and post-AD processes of FW-derived methane production. Briefly, the review highlights innovative FW collection and optimization routes such as AI that enable efficient FW valorization processes. As weather changes and the FW sources may affect the AD efficiency, it is important to assess the spatio-seasonal variations and microphysical properties of the FW to be valorized. In that case, developing weather-resistant bioreactors and cost-effective mechanisms to modify the raw substrate morphology is necessary. An AI-guided reactor could have high performance when the internal environment of the centralized operation is monitored in real-time and not susceptible to changes in FW variety. Monitoring solvent degradation and fugitive gases during biogas purification is a challenging task, especially for large-scale plants. Furthermore, this review links scientific evidence in the field with full-scale case studies from different countries. It also highlights the potential contribution of ADFW to carbon neutrality efforts. Regarding future research needs, in addition to the smart collection scheme, attention should be paid to the management and utilization of FW impurities, to ensure sustainable AD operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endashaw Workie
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Vinor Kumar
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 OAL, UK
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Yiliang He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minghang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanjun Dai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Yinghong Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Cunbin Fu
- Everbright Water (Nan Ning) Limited, China
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11
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Gaio J, Lora NL, Iltchenco J, Magrini FE, Paesi S. Seasonal characterization of the prokaryotic microbiota of full-scale anaerobic UASB reactors treating domestic sewage in southern Brazil. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:69-87. [PMID: 36401655 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors are alternatives in the anaerobic treatment of sanitary sewage in different parts of the world; however, in temperate environments, they are subject to strong seasonal influence. Understanding the dynamics of the microbial community in these systems is essential to propose operational alternatives, improve projects and increase the quality of treated effluents. In this study, for one year, high-performance sequencing, associated with bioinformatics tools for taxonomic annotation and functional prediction was used to characterize the microbial community present in the sludge of biodigesters on full-scale, treating domestic sewage at ambient temperature. Among the most representative phyla stood out Desulfobacterota (20.21-28.64%), Proteobacteria (7.48-24.90%), Bacteroidota (10.05-18.37%), Caldisericota (9.49-17.20%), and Halobacterota (3.23-6.55%). By performing a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Methanolinea was correlated to the efficiency in removing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Bacteroidetes_VadinHA17 to the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and CI75cm.2.12 at temperature. On the other hand, Desulfovibrio, Spirochaetaceae_uncultured, Methanosaeta, Lentimicrobiaceae_unclassified, and ADurb.Bin063-1 were relevant in shaping the microbial community in a co-occurrence network. Diversity analyses showed greater richness and evenness for the colder seasons, possibly, due to the lesser influence of dominant taxa. Among the principal metabolic functions associated with the community, the metabolism of proteins and amino acids stood out (7.74-8.00%), and the genes related to the synthesis of VFAs presented higher relative abundance for the autumn and winter. Despite the differences in diversity and taxonomic composition, no significant changes were observed in the efficiency of the biodigesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Gaio
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory (LDM), Biotechnology Institute (IB), University of Caxias Do Sul (UCS), Caxias Do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Naline Laura Lora
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory (LDM), Biotechnology Institute (IB), University of Caxias Do Sul (UCS), Caxias Do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Janaína Iltchenco
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory (LDM), Biotechnology Institute (IB), University of Caxias Do Sul (UCS), Caxias Do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Flaviane Eva Magrini
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory (LDM), Biotechnology Institute (IB), University of Caxias Do Sul (UCS), Caxias Do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Suelen Paesi
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory (LDM), Biotechnology Institute (IB), University of Caxias Do Sul (UCS), Caxias Do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
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12
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Cheng J, Qiao L, Xu W, Qian Y, Ge Y, Xia T, Li Y. Nickel (ii) effects on Anammox reaction: reactor performance, dehydrogenase, sludge morphology and microbial community changes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:4227-4236. [PMID: 34152252 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1946165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (ii) (Ni2+) is considered as one of the necessary trace elements in the process of Anammox culture, but it may have toxic effects at high concentration. This study explored the long-term influence of Ni2+ on the denitrification efficiency of Anammox bioreactors. The results showed that when the concentration of Ni2+ was 0.5 mg/L, the bioreactor had the highest denitrification efficiency, while the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen gradually decreased at concentrations higher than 2 mg/L, and the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were 26% and 39.81% at the end of the experiment, respectively. The NRR was decreased from 7.47 kg N/m3 d to 3.28 kg N/m3 d during the whole process. The highest concentration of microbial dehydrogenase was attained in about 40 days; in the meantime, its ability to consume organic matter was also maximized. The sludge morphology was changed from granular cluster to loose flocculant with a small number of spherical and filamentous bacteria and bacilli distributed on the surface. At the end of the experiment, both species richness and community diversity were reduced, and the proportion of the dominant bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia was also decreased from 59.89% to 36.72%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Qiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xu
- Everbright Water Technology Development (Nanjing) Co., Ltd., Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Ge
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, CUMT, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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13
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Ganesan S, Limphattharachai S, Chawengkijwanich C, Liu Y, Janjaroen D. Influence of salinity on biofilm formation and COD removal efficiency in anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactors. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 304:135229. [PMID: 35688188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is widely used for wastewater treatment, but this approach often relies on microbial communities that are adversely affected by high-salinity conditions. This study investigated the applicability of an anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (AMBBR) to treating high-salinity wastewater. The removal performance and microbial community were examined under salinity conditions of 1000-3000 mg/L, and a soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal efficiency of up to 8% ± 2.74% was achieved at high-salinity. Scanning electron microscopy showed that microorganisms successfully attached onto the polyvinyl alcohol gel carrier, and the extracellular polymeric substances on the biofilm increased at higher salt concentrations. The AMBBR also maintained traditionally accepted levels of total alkalinity and volatile fatty acids for stable wastewater processing under these operating conditions. High-throughput sequencing indicated that Desulfomicrobium and three methanogenic groups were the dominant contributors to sCOD removal. Overall, the results showed that the AMBBR can successfully treat fish factory wastewater under varying salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunantha Ganesan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Supanun Limphattharachai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | | | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Dao Janjaroen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Research Network of NANOTEC-CU on Environment, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Research Unit Control of Emerging Micropollutants in Environment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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14
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Li X, Du R, Zhang J, Wang S, Peng Y. Deciphering the spatial distribution along the upflow anammox reactor: Sludge characteristics and interspecies interactions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127748. [PMID: 35944865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, nitrogen conversion, granular characteristics and microbial dynamics were combined to reveal the longitudinal heterogeneity along anammox-UASB with nitrogen removal efficiency of 92.6%. The reactor was divided into Bottom-zone, Middle-zone, Upper-zone, and Top-zone with height increasing. Results indicated that particle size decreased from Bottom-zone to Upper-zone, while granular floatation caused an increase in Top-zone. Protein secondary structure in EPS was loose and hzsA transcription ratio was only 4.45% due to the limited mass-transfer and serious mineralization of ultra-large granules in Bottom-zone. Smaller granules in Middle-zone were more robust and active, with compact tryptophan- and aromatic-like protein in EPS and 23.71% hzsA transcription. Intriguingly, coexisting denitrification survived on EPS and/or microbial metabolites was observed. Transcription of narG was stimulated with height increasing, resulted in performance improvement through combining partial denitrification and anammox in Upper-zone. The findings deciphered stratification characteristics along the height-partitioned anammox-UASB, and reveal cross-feedings between denitrification and anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Rui Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shuying Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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15
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Mostafa A, Im S, Song YC, Kang S, Shi X, Kim DH. Electrical voltage application as a novel approach for facilitating methanogenic granulation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127632. [PMID: 35863601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite having high-rate methanogenic performance, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor still has challenges regarding long-start up period (3-8 months) for granulation. In this study, "electrical voltage (EV, 0.3 V) application" was attempted for facilitating granulation in the continuous operation with increased organic loading rates (0.5-11.0 kg COD/m3/d). Up to 11.0 kg COD/m3/d, EV-reactor exhibited the stable performance, while the control failed. After 49 days of operation (at 7 kg COD/m3/d), the granules collected from EV-reactor had larger diameter (2.3 vs 1.6 mm), higher settling velocity (2.6 vs 1.9 cm/s), and higher hydrophobicity (52.1 % vs 34.5 %), compared to the control. EV application also increased the specific methanogenic activity for propionate and hydrogen almost by two times. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas sp. (quorum sensing (QS)-related microbe) in EV-reactor was 17 % higher than that in the control. In addition, EV application increased the expression of QS genes significantly by 27 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsayed Mostafa
- Department of Smart-city Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongwon Im
- Department of Smart-city Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chae Song
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoktae Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Xueqing Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Dong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Smart-city Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Ilmasari D, Kamyab H, Yuzir A, Riyadi FA, Khademi T, Al-Qaim FF, Kirpichnikova I, Krishnan S. A Review of the Biological Treatment of Leachate: Available Technologies and Future Requirements for the Circular Economy Implementation. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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17
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Mariraj Mohan S, Swathi T. Enhanced biogas production and substrate degradation through the intermittent operation of modified upflow anaerobic sludge blanket-static granular bed reactor series. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10775. [PMID: 35932182 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the performance of a modified upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (MUASB) reactor-static granular bed reactor (SGBR) series in intermittent operation was analyzed for the treatment of synthetic wastewater. The reactor series was operated with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h. The maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and biogas production of the reactor series obtained during the intermittent operation were 99 ± 0.29% and 0.529 ± 0.03 m3 /kg CODdigested , respectively. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated a significant difference in biogas production during continuous and intermittent operations, whereas the COD removal was similar. Intermittent operation of the reactor series yielded a 56.05% increase in biogas production when compared with the continuous operation. The reactor series was maintained stable throughout the operational period. The maximum total suspended solids (TSS) removal and total nitrogen (TN) removal of the reactor series during the intermittent operation were 91.67% and 72.37%, respectively. Intermittent operation of the reactor series can be considered advantageous because of the reduced operational cost and enhanced biogas production in addition to COD removal. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Intermittent operation of MUASB-SGBR series in terms of COD removal is evaluated. COD removal of reactor series was similar in intermittent and continuous operation. Biogas production in intermittent operation was superior to continuous operation. Reactor series performance is also compared with continuous operation using one-way ANOVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mariraj Mohan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikudi, India
| | - T Swathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikudi, India
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18
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Biological Aspects, Advancements and Techno-Economical Evaluation of Biological Methanation for the Recycling and Valorization of CO2. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15114064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, sustainable and renewable energy production is a global priority. Over the past decade, several Power-to-X (PtX) technologies have been proposed to store and convert the surplus of renewable energies into chemical bonds of chemicals produced by different processes. CO2 is a major contributor to climate change, yet it is also an undervalued source of carbon that could be recycled and represents an opportunity to generate renewable energy. In this context, PtX technologies would allow for CO2 valorization into renewable fuels while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. With this work we want to provide an up-to-date overview of biomethanation as a PtX technology by considering the biological aspects and the main parameters affecting its application and scalability at an industrial level. Particular attention will be paid to the concept of CO2-streams valorization and to the integration of the process with renewable energies. Aspects related to new promising technologies such as in situ, ex situ, hybrid biomethanation and the concept of underground methanation will be discussed, also in connection with recent application cases. Furthermore, the technical and economic feasibility will be critically analyzed to highlight current options and limitations for implementing a sustainable process.
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19
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Cecconet D, Mainardis M, Callegari A, Capodaglio AG. Psychrophilic treatment of municipal wastewater with a combined UASB/ASD system, and perspectives for improving urban WWTP sustainability. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134228. [PMID: 35271894 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
According to new paradigms of urban wastewater management, energy savings and resources and energy recovery from sewage will assume an ever-increasing importance. Anaerobic processes, aside from being more energy efficient than conventional aerobic ones, are particularly suited to recover embedded organic energy, improving the overall energy balance of treatment processes, however, their performance is limited by low temperatures and slower kinetics. In this study, a pilot Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor was operated to treat municipal wastewater at low temperature regime (16.5-18.5 °C) for 22 weeks, both as standalone process and combined with a sidestream anaerobic sludge digester. Process performance highlighted good system robustness, as proved by stable pH and volatile fatty acid/total alkaline buffer capacity ratio, even though observed methane yield was low. Observed COD and TSS removal efficiencies were in the ranges of 60-69% and 63-73%, respectively. Methane production ranged between 0.106 and 0.132 Nm3CH4/kgCODrem. An economic assessment was carried out to evaluate the feasibility and benefits of implementing UASB pre-treatment of municipal wastewater in existing conventional facilities (activated sludge and anaerobic sludge digestion), showing that significant energy demand reduction could be achieved for both biological secondary treatment and sludge management, leading to considerable operational economies, and possible positive economic returns within a short pay-back period (3-4 yrs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Cecconet
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Architettura, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matia Mainardis
- Dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura (DPIA), Università Degli Studi di Udine, Via Del Cotonificio 108, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Arianna Callegari
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Architettura, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea G Capodaglio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Architettura, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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20
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Li P, Chen Q, Dong H, Lu J, Sun D, Wei Y, He H, Tang R, Li Y, Dang Y. Effect of applying potentials on anaerobic digestion of high salinity organic wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153416. [PMID: 35090928 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High salinity organic wastewater (HSOW) contains both organic pollutants and high concentration of inorganic salts. If it is discharged into the environment without proper treatment, it will cause adverse consequences such as dehydration and death of aquatic organisms, and soil salinization. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been applied in various wastewater treatment processes. To assess the feasibility of using BESs to treat HSOW, the effect of applying potential on anaerobic digestion of HSOW was explored in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor poised at -0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). When organic loading rate (OLR) was 2.16-2.88 kg chemical oxygen demand/(m3d) (kg COD/(m3d)), the applied potential had no significant effect on the UASB performance. After OLR was increased to 4.32 kg COD/(m3d), the applied potential decreased COD removal efficiency and methane production and resulted in VFAs accumulation. Mesotoga was enriched on the electrode when potential was applied, causing decrease in relative abundances of acetoclastic methanogens. The abundance of Methanothrix on the electrode in the reactor with applied potential was much lower than in the control reactor (10% vs 28.9%), which might lead to decrease in performance of the reactor due to the depressed direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) and less formation of granular sludge. These results suggest that applying external potentials has negative effect on the anaerobic treatment of HSOW, and should be taken into consideration in real HSOW treatment projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430064, China
| | - He Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jialin Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruting Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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21
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Sustainable Alternatives for Tertiary Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastewater. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14106047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, different alternatives to conventional tertiary treatment of pulp and paper (P&P) wastewater (WW), i.e., physicochemical coagulation-flocculation, were investigated to enhance the environmental and economic sustainability of industrial wastewater treatment. In particular, following a preliminary characterization of secondary effluents, cloth filtration and adsorption were studied, the former by pilot-scale tests, while the latter at laboratory scale. An economic analysis was finally accomplished to verify the full-scale applicability of the most promising technologies. Cloth filtration showed excellent total suspended solids (TSS) removal efficiency (mean 81% removal) but a very limited influence on chemical oxygen demand (COD) (mean 10% removal) due to the prevalence of soluble COD on particulate COD. Adsorption, instead, led to a good COD removal efficiency (50% abatement at powdered activated carbon—PAC—dosage of 400 mg/L). The economic analysis proved that adsorption would be convenient only if a local low-cost (100 €/ton) adsorbent supply chain was established. Ultrafiltration was considered as well as a potential alternative: its huge capital cost (19 M€) could be recovered in a relatively short timeframe (pay-back time of 4.7 years) if the ultrafiltrated effluent could be sold to local industries.
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22
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Valdez FQ, Leite LDS, Zanetoni Filho JA, Tango MD, Daniel LA. Detection and removal of Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts by anaerobic reactors in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:2059-2068. [PMID: 33334260 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1866083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of raw wastewater into the environment can be a contamination source of Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. The UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor is the most popular technology applied for wastewater treatment in Brazil, nevertheless there is little information concerning its capacity for (oo)cyst removal. In this context, this study investigated the occurrence and removal of Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts by three different UASB reactors (i.e. Reactor A, B, and C) treating different wastewater types. In the wastewater influent, the concentration varied from 493.3 to 14,000 cysts·L-1 for Giardia spp. and from 'not detected' to 53.3 oocysts·L-1 for Cryptosporidium spp.. The (oo)cyst concentration increased after the anaerobic treatment in Reactors A and B, while Giardia spp. log-removal of 0.5 ± 0.2 was found in Reactor C. The increment in (oo)cyst concentration may happened due to the inefficacy for (oo)cyst removal by the specific UASB reactor and/or due to the reduction of matrix interference for reactor effluent samples in the detection method. The results suggest that hydraulic retention time (HRT) may be the key parameter for Giardia spp. removal by the UASB reactor. Furthermore, no parameter analysed (physical-chemical and indicator microorganisms) showed a common correlation with the (oo)cyst concentration in the three UASB reactors. Considering that official data of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis cases are rarely reported in Brazil, monitoring Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in wastewater could be an alternative to estimate the occurrence of diseases in the served population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Queiroz Valdez
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Luan de Souza Leite
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - José Antônio Zanetoni Filho
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Mariana Daniel Tango
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Daniel
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
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High Salinity Wastewater Treatment Study Using an Automated Pilot Combining Anaerobic and Aerobic Biofilm Processes. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A 20-ft containerized biological pilot system consisting of both an anaerobic expended granular sludge bed (EGSB) and an aerobic biofilm continuous flow intermittent clean (CFIC®) system has been designed, constructed, and delivered onsite at a pharmaceutical wastewater producer for a wastewater treatment study. The pilot was operated for a total of 317 days, including 147 days of adaptive phase and 170 days of testing phase. A pilot adaptive phase feeding wastewater COD concentration from 2 to 50 g/L with salinity up to 16 g/L was carried out, achieving EGSB where COD removal reached over 80 to 95% at OLR up to 22 kg COD/m3·d. In the testing phase, with repressive practical wastewater, the EGSB can remove over 97% of feed COD (with up to 82% acetic acid) at an average 16.3 kg COD/m3·d. The high wastewater salinity at 20 g/L did not inhibit COD removal efficiency by the system. The complete system with EGSB and aerobic stage was very stable and removed over 90–97% of the total COD dependent on the wastewater composition. The pilot was demonstrated as a valuable tool because of its user-friendly nature with high automation level, as well as its high efficiency in treating specific wastewater under varying operational conditions. This study provides critical information for full-scale system design and offers training for the customer in handling a previously unfamiliar process in a confident manner.
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Degradation or humification: rethinking strategies to attenuate organic pollutants. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1061-1072. [PMID: 35339288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The fate of organic pollutants in environmental matrices can be determined by degradation and humification. The humification process represents a promising strategy to remove organic pollutants, particularly those resistant to degradation. In contrast to the well-studied degradation process, the contribution and application prospects of the humification process for organic pollutant removal has been underestimated. The recent progress in synthesizing artificial humic substances (HS) has made directed humification of recalcitrant organic pollutants possible. This review focuses on degradation and humification of organic matter, especially recalcitrant organic pollutants. Challenges in understanding the contribution, underlying mechanisms, and artificial synthesis of HS for removing organic pollutants are also critically discussed. We advocate further investigating the humification of organic pollutants in future studies.
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Wei D, Zhang X, Chen Z, He Y, Dai J, Zhang S. Comparison of three anaerobic digestion reactors for low-carbon wastewater treatment. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10702. [PMID: 35362241 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three anaerobic digestion reactors using up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (AnSBR), and anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) were studied. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), gas production, sludge performance, and microbial characteristics of the anaerobic digestion process were assessed. The results showed that the average COD removal efficiencies reached 86%, 83%, and 85%, with corresponding removed rates of 2.49, 0.48, and 0.79 kg COD m-3 d-1 in UASB, AnSBR, and AnMBR, respectively. After the reactors attained stable operation, both extracellular polymeric substances and soluble microbial products decreased in all the reactors compared with the seed sludge. Methanothrix was the dominant archaea for methane production in the UASB, the relative abundance of which increased from 58.3% to 83.4%. These results identify UASB as the most suitable reactor for anaerobic digestion when treating wastewater with low carbon. Such reactors are important for the application and development of the energy self-sufficiency in sewage treatment. PRACTITIONER POINTS: UASB, SBR, and MBR were adopted to treat low-carbon wastewater using anaerobic digestion process. UASB performed the highest COD removal from low-carbon wastewater. The main microorganisms in UASB were Methanothrix, Methanomassiliicoccus, and Methanobacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghui Wei
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaqian Dai
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
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26
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Mainardis M, Cecconet D, Moretti A, Callegari A, Goi D, Freguia S, Capodaglio AG. Wastewater fertigation in agriculture: Issues and opportunities for improved water management and circular economy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 296:118755. [PMID: 34971741 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water shortages are an issue of growing worldwide concern. Irrigated agriculture accounts for about 70% of total freshwater withdrawals globally, therefore alternatives to use of conventional sources need to be investigated. This paper critically reviews the application of treated wastewater for agricultural fertigation (i.e., water and nutrient recovery) considering different perspectives: legislation, agronomic characteristics, social acceptability, sustainability of treatment technologies. Critical issues that still need further investigation for a wider application of fertigation practices include accumulation of emerging contaminants in soils, microbiological and public health implications, and stakeholders' acceptance. A techno-economic methodological approach for assessing the sustainability of treated wastewater reuse in agriculture is subsequently proposed herein, which considers different possible local conditions (cultivated crops and effluent characteristics). The results showed that tailoring effluent characteristics to the desired nutrient composition could enhance the process economic sustainability; however, water savings have a major economic impact than fertilizers' savings, partly due to limited P reuse efficiency. The developed methodology is based on a practical approach and may be generalized to most agricultural conditions, to evaluate and encourage safe and efficient agricultural wastewater reuse practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matia Mainardis
- Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture (DPIA), University of Udine, Via Del Cotonificio 108, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Daniele Cecconet
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Adolfo Ferrata 3, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretti
- Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture (DPIA), University of Udine, Via Del Cotonificio 108, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Arianna Callegari
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Adolfo Ferrata 3, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Goi
- Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture (DPIA), University of Udine, Via Del Cotonificio 108, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Freguia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Andrea G Capodaglio
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Adolfo Ferrata 3, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Cayetano RDA, Kim GB, Park J, Yang YH, Jeon BH, Jang M, Kim SH. Biofilm formation as a method of improved treatment during anaerobic digestion of organic matter for biogas recovery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126309. [PMID: 34798247 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of anaerobic digestion could be increased by promoting microbial retention through biofilm development. The inclusion of certain types of biofilm carriers has differentiated existing AD biofilm reactors through their respective mode of biofilm growth. Bacteria and archaea engaged in methanogenesis during anaerobic processes potentially build biofilms by adhering or attaching to biofilm carriers. Meta-analyzed results depicted varying degrees of biogas enhancement within AD biofilm reactors. Furthermore, different carrier materials highly induced the dynamicity of the dominant microbial population in each system. It is suggested that the promotion of surface contact and improvement of interspecies electron transport have greatly impacted the treatment results. Modern spectroscopy techniques have been and will continue to give essential information regarding biofilm's composition and structural organization which can be useful in elucidating the added function of this special layer of microbial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roent Dune A Cayetano
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Beom Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsu Park
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Romero-Soto I, Garcia-Gomez C, Leyva-Soto L, Napoles-Armenta J, Concha-Guzman M, Díaz-Tenorio L, Ulloa-Mercado R, Drogui P, Buelna G, Rentería-Mexia AM, Gortáres-Moroyoqui P. Efficiency of an up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor coupled with an electrochemical system to remove chloramphenicol in swine wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:591-604. [PMID: 35100141 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The application and design of treatment systems in wastewater are necessary due to antibiotics' potential toxicity and resistant genes on residual effluent. This work evaluated a coupled bio-electrochemical system to reduce chloramphenicol (CAP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) on swine wastewater (SWW). SWW characterization found CAP of <10 μg/L and 17,434 mg/L of COD. The coupled system consisted of preliminary use of an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB) followed by electrooxidation (EO). The UASB reactor (primary stage) was operated for three months at an organic load of 8.76 kg of COD/m3d and 50 mg CAP/L as initial concentration. In EO, we carried out a 22 (time operation and intensity) factorial design with a central composite design; we tried two Ti cathodes and one anode of Ti/PbO2. Optimal conditions obtained in the EO process were 240 min of operation time and 1.51 A of current intensity. It was possible to eliminate 44% of COD and 64.2% of CAP in the preliminary stage. On bio-electrochemicals, total COD and CAP removal were 82.35 and >99.99%, respectively. This coupled system can be applied to eliminate antibiotics and other organic pollutants in agricultural, industrial, municipal, and other wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel Romero-Soto
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail: ; Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Km. 191, México 45D No. 23, 46200, Jal., México
| | - Celestino Garcia-Gomez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail: ; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Francisco I. Madero S/N, Ex Hacienda el Cañada, 66050, Cd Gral, Escobedo, NL, Mexico
| | - Luis Leyva-Soto
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail:
| | - Juan Napoles-Armenta
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail: ; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Francisco I. Madero S/N, Ex Hacienda el Cañada, 66050, Cd Gral, Escobedo, NL, Mexico
| | - María Concha-Guzman
- Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Km. 191, México 45D No. 23, 46200, Jal., México
| | - Lourdes Díaz-Tenorio
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail:
| | - Ruth Ulloa-Mercado
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail:
| | - Patrick Drogui
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 490 Couronne St, Quebec City, Quebec G1 K 9A9, Canada
| | - Gerardo Buelna
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail: ; Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 490 Couronne St, Quebec City, Quebec G1 K 9A9, Canada
| | - Ana María Rentería-Mexia
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail:
| | - Pablo Gortáres-Moroyoqui
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México E-mail:
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Rakmak N, Promraksa A. The influence of longitudinal dispersion on the capacity and stability of UASB operation with substrate inhibition. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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30
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Mariraj Mohan S, Swathi T. A review on upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor: Factors affecting performance, modification of configuration and its derivatives. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e1665. [PMID: 34837281 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor can be considered as one of the promising anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies suitable for the treatment of high-strength wastewater. In the recent period, researchers have focused on the treatment of low-strength wastewater using this technology. This review focuses on the key factors affecting the reactor performance such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), temperature, organic loading rate (OLR), pH and alkalinity, granulation, wastewater characteristics, mixing, and modification to conventional configuration. Start-up and granulation played a major role in the determination of reactor performance, and various theories have been proposed to understand the mechanism of granulation. Correlation between start-up time and OLR was found to be low, as other operating parameters might have been influencing the start-up time. Flowchart depicting the development of UASB reactor over time is included. In the present work, further development and derivatives of the UASB reactor such as static granular bed reactor (SGBR) and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor are analyzed. The optimal conditions for UASB for treating various types of substrates was found to be HRT of 3-24 h, OLR of 1-15 kg COD/m3 /d, and operational temperature in mesophilic range (30-40°C). Analysis of various modifications that pave the way for identification of future areas of research to improve reactor performance is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mariraj Mohan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikudi, India
| | - T Swathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikudi, India
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Zhao J, Li Y, Dong R. Recent progress towards in-situ biogas upgrading technologies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149667. [PMID: 34426339 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Yu Li
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Qinghuadonglu No.17, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Renjie Dong
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Qinghuadonglu No.17, 100083 Beijing, China.
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32
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Santiago-Díaz ÁL, Mugica-Álvarez V, de Los Cobos-Vasconcelos D, Vaca-Mier M, Salazar-Peláez ML. Performance evaluation and kinetic modeling of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket septic tank for domestic wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:67414-67428. [PMID: 34254243 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluated the UASB-septic tank performance using different kinetic models that correlated process efficiency and methane production with hydraulic and organic loading rates through experiments with five different HRT (48 h, 36 h, 24 h, 18 h, and 12 h) using synthetic domestic wastewater. The modified Stover-Kincannon model provided the best fitting to calculate kinetics constants, with an R2 above 98% for linear regression, and predicted the effluent COD more accurately than the other models. Methane yield was 0.3294 L CH4/g COD removed, being closer to the theoretical value, and the Van der Meer and Heertjes model had the highest R2 for methane production. Organic matter and solids removal were 45% for TS, 70% and 68% for total and soluble COD, and 85% for TSS. Pollutant removal markedly decreased when the reactor operated HRT below 24 h; thus, it is recommended to operate the UASB-septic tank at this HRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Luis Santiago-Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México
| | - Violeta Mugica-Álvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México
| | - Daniel de Los Cobos-Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Mabel Vaca-Mier
- Departamento de Energía, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México
| | - Mónica Liliana Salazar-Peláez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo Xalpa # 180. Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, Azcapotzalco, 02200, CDMX, México.
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Marzuki TNTM, Idrus S, Musa MA, Wahab AMA, Jamali NS, Man HC, Ng SNM. Enhancement of Bioreactor Performance Using Acclimatised Seed Sludge in Anaerobic Treatment of Chicken Slaughterhouse Wastewater: Laboratory Achievement, Energy Recovery, and Its Commercial-Scale Potential. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3313. [PMID: 34828044 PMCID: PMC8614442 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of good management practice of chicken slaughterhouse wastewater (CSWW) has caused pollution into water bodies. In this study, the potential of seed sludge acclimatised modified synthetic wastewater (MSWW) on bioreactor performance and energy recovery of CSWW treatment was investigated. Two sets of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were employed. The seed sludge in UASB 2 was acclimatised with MSWW for 30 days. In UASB 1, no acclimatisation process was undertaken on seed sludge for control purposes. After the acclimatisation process of UASB 2, both reactors were supplied with CSWW under the same condition of organic loading rate (OLR = 0.5 to 6 gCOD/L/d) and mesophilic condition (37 °C). COD removal efficiencies of UASB 2 were >80% all through the steady-state of the OLR applied. Meanwhile, a drastic decrease in overall performance was observed in UASB 1 when the OLR was increased to 3, 4, 5, and 6 gCOD/L/d. Energy recovery from laboratory scale and projected value from commercial-scale bioreactor were 0.056 kWh and 790.49 kWh per day, respectively. Preliminary design of an on-site commercial-scale anaerobic reactor was proposed at a capacity of 60 m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Nurfarhana Tuan Mohd Marzuki
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
| | - Syazwani Idrus
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
| | - Mohammed Ali Musa
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
- Department of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri 600104, Nigeria
| | - Abdul Malek Abdul Wahab
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Syakina Jamali
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Hasfalina Che Man
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Sabrina Ng Muhamad Ng
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Chen Z, Wei D, Song Y, Ma Y, Zhang H. Achieving biogas production and efficient pollutants removal from nitrogenous fertilizer wastewater using combined anaerobic digestion and autotrophic nitrogen removal process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 339:125659. [PMID: 34333336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogenous fertilizer was massively utilized during agricultural production process, which led to the discharge of large amount of nitrogenous wastewater with low C/N ratio. In this study, anaerobic digestion combined with subsequent Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was adopted for treating nitrogenous fertilizer wastewater. The reactor performances and the microbial community structure were analyzed. Results showed that COD was mainly removed by anaerobic digestion, with the COD removal efficiency as 98.4%, and nitrogen was effectively removed via CANON integrating with partial denitrification, with the removal efficiency as 96.3%. The COD, ammonia and total nitrogen in the effluent of the combined process were 3.7, 2.9 and 7.4 mg L-1, respectively. Methanothrix (43.2%) and Methanomassiliicoccus (34.0%) were detected as the dominant methane production archaea, while Nitrosomanas (10.4%), Candidatus Kuenenia (13.8%) and Truepera (2.8%) were detected as the functional bacteria for nitrogen removal, when treated the nitrogenous fertilizer wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Denghui Wei
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yali Song
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongpeng Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Bacterial Community Structure and Dynamic Changes in Different Functional Areas of a Piggery Wastewater Treatment System. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102134. [PMID: 34683455 PMCID: PMC8540373 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemicals of emerging concern (CEC) in pig farm breeding wastewater, such as antibiotics, will soon pose a serious threat to public health. It is therefore essential to consider improving the treatment efficiency of piggery wastewater in terms of microorganisms. In order to optimize the overall piggery wastewater treatment system from the perspective of the bacterial community structure and its response to environmental factors, five samples were randomly taken from each area of a piggery’s wastewater treatment system using a random sampling method. The bacterial communities’ composition and their correlation with wastewater quality were then analyzed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the bacterial community composition of each treatment unit was similar. However, differences in abundance were significant, and the bacterial community structure gradually changed with the process. Proteobacteria showed more adaptability to an anaerobic environment than Firmicutes, and the abundance of Tissierella in anaerobic zones was low. The abundance of Clostridial (39.02%) and Bacteroides (20.6%) in the inlet was significantly higher than it was in the aerobic zone and the anoxic zone (p < 0.05). Rhodocyclaceae is a key functional microbial group in a wastewater treatment system, and it is a dominant microbial group in activated sludge. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that chemical oxygen demand (COD) had the greatest impact on bacterial community structure. Total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), PH and COD contents were significantly negatively correlated with Sphingobacteriia, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, and significantly positively correlated with Bacteroidia and Clostridia. These results offer basic data and theoretical support for optimizing livestock wastewater treatment systems using bacterial community structures.
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Firmansyah I, Carsjens GJ, de Ruijter FJ, Zeeman G, Spiller M. An integrated assessment of environmental, economic, social and technological parameters of source separated and conventional sanitation concepts: A contribution to sustainability analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113131. [PMID: 34214794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Resource recovery and reuse from domestic wastewater has become an important subject for the current development of sanitation technologies and infrastructures. Different technologies are available and combined into sanitation concepts, with different performances. This study provides a methodological approach to evaluate the sustainability of these sanitation concepts with focus on resource recovery and reuse. St. Eustatius, a small tropical island in the Caribbean, was used as a case study for the evaluation. Three source separation-community-on-site and two combined sewerage island-scale concepts were selected and compared in terms of environmental (net energy use, nutrient recovery/reuse, BOD/COD, pathogens, and GHG emission, land use), economic (CAPEX and OPEX), social cultural (acceptance, required competences and education), and technological (flexibility/adaptability, reliability/continuity of service) indicators. The best performing concept, is the application of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) and Trickling Filter (TF) at island level for combined domestic wastewater treatment with subsequent reuse in agriculture. Its overall average normalised score across the four categories (i.e., average of average per category) is about 15% (0.85) higher than the values of the remaining systems and with a score of 0.73 (conventional activated sludge - centralised level), 0.77 (UASB-septic tank (ST)), 0.76 (UASB-TF - community level), and 0.75 (ST - household level). The higher score of the UASB-TF at community level is mainly due to much better performance in the environmental and economic categories. In conclusion, the case study provides a methodological approach that can support urban planning and decision-making in selecting more sustainable sanitation concepts, allowing resource recovery and reuse in small island context or in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Firmansyah
- Wageningen University & Research, Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - G J Carsjens
- Wageningen University & Research, Landscape Architecture and Spatial Planning, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - F J de Ruijter
- Wageningen University & Research, Agrosystems Research, P.O. Box 616, 6700 AP, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - G Zeeman
- Wageningen University & Research, Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Leaf BV P.O. Box 500, 6700 AM, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Spiller
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Collivignarelli MC, Abbà A, Caccamo FM, Calatroni S, Torretta V, Katsoyiannis IA, Carnevale Miino M, Rada EC. Applications of Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) and Characteristics of Its Microbial Community: A Review of Bibliometric Trend and Recent Findings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10326. [PMID: 34639629 PMCID: PMC8508386 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interest in research on up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors is growing. The meta-analysis of bibliometric data highlighted the growing interest in four diverse topics: (i) energy recovery production; (ii) combination with other treatments; (iii) the study of processes for the removal of specific pollutants and, (iv) characterization of microbial community and granular sludge composition. In particular, the papers published in the first 6 months of 2021 on this process were selected and critically reviewed to highlight and discuss the results, the gaps in the literature and possible ideas for future research. Although the state of research on UASB is to be considered advanced, there are still several points that will be developed in future research such as the consolidation of the results obtained on a semi-industrial or real scale, the use of real matrices instead of synthetic ones and a more in-depth study of the effect of substances such as antibiotics on the microbiota and microbiome of UASB granular biomass. To date, few and conflicting data about the environmental footprint of UASB are available and therefore other studies on this topic are strongly suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Collivignarelli
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.C.); (F.M.C.); (S.C.); (M.C.M.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Water Research, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Abbà
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Francesca Maria Caccamo
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.C.); (F.M.C.); (S.C.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Silvia Calatroni
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.C.); (F.M.C.); (S.C.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Torretta
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico 46, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis
- Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Marco Carnevale Miino
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.C.); (F.M.C.); (S.C.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Elena Cristina Rada
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico 46, 21100 Varese, Italy;
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Nagda A, Meena M, Shah MP. Bioremediation of industrial effluents: A synergistic approach. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 62:395-414. [PMID: 34516028 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater consists of inorganic and organic toxic pollutants that pose a threat to environmental sustainability. The organic pollutants are a menace to the environment and life forms than the inorganic substances and pose teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, and other serious detrimental effects on the living entities, moreover, they have a gene-altering effect on aquatic life forms and affect the soil fertility and quality. Removal of varying effluents having recalcitrant contaminants with conventional treatment technologies is strenuous. In contrast to physical and chemical methods, biological treatment methods are environmentally friendly, versatile, efficient, and technically feasible with low operational costs and energy footprints. Biological treatment is a secondary wastewater treatment system that utilizes the metabolic activities of microorganisms to oxidize or reduce inorganic and organic compounds and transform them into dense biomass, which later can be removed by the sedimentation process. Biological treatment in bioreactors is an ex situ method of bioremediation and provides the benefits of continuous monitoring under controlled parameters. This paper attempts to provide a review of bioremediation technologies discussing most concerning widespread bioreactors and advances used for different industrial effluents with their comparative merits and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhishree Nagda
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Maulin P Shah
- Environmental Technology Lab, Bharuch, Gujarat, India
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Asano K, Watari T, Hatamoto M, Yamaguchi T. Development of UASB-DHS system for anaerobically-treated tofu processing wastewater treatment under ambient temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 43:1-10. [PMID: 34080528 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1938242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tofu is widely processed in East and Southeast Asian countries. During the production, highly polluted wastewater is discharged. This wastewater is commonly treated using a high-rate anaerobic wastewater treatment process; however, several organic compounds and nitrogen remain in the anaerobic effluent. The aim of this study was to develop a combined upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and downflow hanging sponge (DHS) biosystem that that serves as a post-treatment for an expanded granular sludge blanket reactor used for treating tofu-processing wastewater in Japan for 699 days. The UASB reactor played a role in treating of COD, with 58 ± 16% and 74 ± 20% of total COD and soluble COD removed anaerobically. Besides, methane was recovered from removed soluble COD were 63 ± 28% and 87 ± 64% at winter and summer. Meanwhile, the DHS reactor showed its potential in treatment of BOD and TSS. The final effluents were recorded as 67 ± 38 mg L-1, 50 ± 26 mg L-1, and 22 ± 16 mg L-1 of total COD, BOD and total suspended solids, respectively. This indicates that the proposed UASB-DHS system has proven its suitability as post-treatment system for anaerobically treated tofu-processing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Asano
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nagano College, Nagano, Japan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takahiro Watari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Masashi Hatamoto
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
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40
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Zhang L, Mou A, Sun H, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Liu Y. Calcium phosphate granules formation: Key to high rate of mesophilic UASB treatment of toilet wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:144972. [PMID: 33582333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Toilet wastewater, a rich source of organic matter and nutrients, can be treated anaerobically to recover energy and resources at mesophilic conditions (35 °C) using an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) digester. However, low organic loading rates (OLR) have often been reported, which may be attributed to the flocs biomass applied in previous studies. In the present study, CaP granules were developed in the UASB reactor during the reactor operation of 250 days, which accounted for 89.2% of the UASB sludge, and had high VSS (25.9 ± 0.3 g/L) and high methanogenesis rates (0.34 ± 0.04 g CH4-COD/(gVSS·d)). An OLR of 16.0 g/(L·d) and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 0.25 days, were achieved, with a total chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 75.6 ± 6.0%, and a methane production rate of 8.4 ± 0.9 g CH4-COD/(L·d). The efficiency of the hydrolysis of organic substrates ranged from 32.6 ± 2.8% to 43.4 ± 1.4%. Microbial community analysis revealed that syntrophic bacteria Syntrophus, together with diverse H2-utilizing methanogens, proliferated; and eventually resulted in a hydrogenotrophic dominant pathway in the UASB reactor. The performance, mechanism of CaP granule formation, and the application of the process were discussed in detail. The present paper provided insight of high rate biomethane production from anaerobic toilet wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Anqi Mou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Huijuan Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Yingdi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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41
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Promoting Renewable Energy to Cope with Climate Change—Policy Discourse in Israel. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13063170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evidence shows that global climate change is increasing over time, and requires the adoption of a variety of coping methods. As an alternative for conventional electricity systems, renewable energies are considered to be an important policy tool for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and therefore, they play an important role in climate change mitigation strategies. Renewable energies, however, may also play a crucial role in climate change adaptation strategies because they can reduce the vulnerability of energy systems to extreme events. The paper examines whether policy-makers in Israel tend to focus on mitigation strategies or on adaptation strategies in renewable energy policy discourse. The results indicate that despite Israel’s minor impact on global greenhouse gas emissions, policy-makers focus more on promoting renewable energies as a climate change mitigation strategy rather than an adaptation strategy. These findings shed light on the important role of international influence—which tends to emphasize mitigation over adaptation—in motivating the domestic policy discourse on renewable energy as a coping method with climate change.
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Gameiro T, Novais RM, Correia CL, Carvalheiras J, Seabra MP, Tarelho LAC, Labrincha JA, Capela I. Role of waste-based geopolymer spheres addition for pH control and efficiency enhancement of anaerobic digestion process. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1167-1183. [PMID: 33575842 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In anaerobic digestion processes, pH has a vital role due to the direct impacts on the microbial community. An eco-friendly approach has been applied to control pH in anaerobic bioreactors, using waste-containing fly ash geopolymer spheres (GS) instead of powdered chemical compounds, to promote continuous alkalis leaching. The influence of GS porosity and concentration on the behavior of anaerobic sequential batch reactor treating cheese whey was evaluated. Results showed that the use of GS with the highest concentration and porosity promoted an increase in methane yield up to 30%, compared to the assay with powdered chemical compounds addition. In addition, GS boosted butyric acid production to the detriment of propionic acid, which favored methane production by a factor up to 1.2. This innovative approach indicates that GS addition can regulate pH in anaerobic digesters treating challenging wastewaters and, simultaneously, improve not only its efficiency but also the sustainability of the entire process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Gameiro
- Department of Environment and Planning/CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Rui M Novais
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Catarina L Correia
- Department of Environment and Planning/CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Carvalheiras
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria P Seabra
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís A C Tarelho
- Department of Environment and Planning/CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João A Labrincha
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Capela
- Department of Environment and Planning/CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Dahiya S, Chatterjee S, Sarkar O, Mohan SV. Renewable hydrogen production by dark-fermentation: Current status, challenges and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124354. [PMID: 33277136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global urbanization has resulted in amplified energy and material consumption with simultaneous waste generation. Current energy demand is mostly fulfilled by finite fossil reserves, which has critical impact on the environment and thus, there is a need for carbon-neutral energy. In this view, biohydrogen (bio-H2) is considered suitable due to its potential as a green and dependable carbon-neutral energy source in the emerging 'Hydrogen Economy'. Bio-H2 production by dark fermentation of biowaste/biomass/wastewater is gaining significant attention. However, bio-H2production still holds critical challenges towards scale-up with reference to process limitations and economic viabilities. This review illustrates the status of dark-fermentation process in the context of process sustainability and achieving commercial success. The review also provides an insight on various process integrations for maximum resource recovery including closed loop biorefinery approach towards the accomplishment of carbon neutral H2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Dahiya
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sulogna Chatterjee
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Omprakash Sarkar
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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44
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Anaerobic Digestion in the 21st Century. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7040157. [PMID: 33297305 PMCID: PMC7762284 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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45
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Demand-Response Application in Wastewater Treatment Plants Using Compressed Air Storage System: A Modelling Approach. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13184780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are known to be one of the most energy-intensive industrial sectors. In this work, demand response was applied to the biological phase of wastewater treatment to reduce plant electricity cost, considering that the daily peak in flowrate typically coincides with the maximum electricity price. Compressed air storage system, composed of a compressor and an air storage tank, was proposed to allow energy cost reduction. A multi-objective modelling approach was applied by analyzing different scenarios (with and without anaerobic digestion, AD), considering both plant characteristics (in terms of treated flowrate and influent chemical oxygen demand, COD, concentration) and storage system properties (volume, air pressure), together with the current Italian market economic conditions. The results highlight that air tank volume has a strong positive influence on the obtainable economic savings, with a less significant impact held by air pressure, COD concentration and flowrate. In addition, biogas exploitation from AD led to an improvement in economic indices. The developed model is highly flexible and can be applied to different WWTPs and market conditions.
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