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Solairaja S, Venkatabalasubramanian S. Beyond Hormones: Investigating the Impact of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Membr Biol 2024; 257:231-243. [PMID: 38546883 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-024-00311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is a candidate oncogene with a prominent involvement in the pathogenesis of diverse cancers (ovarian, thyroid, breast, colon, head, and neck). Our study ascertains the ability of PGRMC1 to influence WNT members in the non-small cell lung cancer subtype-lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and participates in augmented cell proliferation and migration. Both computational and in vitro experimental analyses were performed in this study. Gene silencing, in vitro assays, gene expression & and protein expression studies were performed to ascertain the role of PGRMC1 in LUAD cells. The computational analysis, PGRMC1 gene level expression was analysed using the microarray gene expression omnibus datasets (GSE27262; GSE18842) to compare LUAD tumours and normal tissues. Concurrently, the gene expression profiling interactive analysis of PGRMC1 and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a decreasing patient survival rate with an increasing PGRMC1 gene expression in LUAD tumour samples. Interestingly, the experimental gene silencing studies were conducted in vitro (si-PGRMC1 Vs si-Control) to understand the essential role of PGRMC1 in regulating WNT-associated genes (WNT1, WNT5A, and WNT11). Comparative experimental cell migration and spheroid formation assays (si-PGRMC1 Vs si-Control) in vitro showed a strong association between PGRMC1 and LUAD. In vitro expression analysis using real-time PCR and western blot further confirmed the connecting link between PGRMC1 and WNT5A compared to other WNT member genes (WNT1 and WNT11) in LUAD. The computational and experimental analyses agreed with one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solaipriya Solairaja
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
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2
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Mamede I, Ribeiro L, Stecca C, Escalante-Romero L, Cypel M. Survival and pulmonary function in stage IA non-small cell lung cancer after sublobar resection versus lobectomy: An updated meta-analysis. J Surg Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38979906 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, lobectomy was standard for stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent RCTs suggest sublobar resection's comparable outcomes. Our meta-analysis, incorporating 30 studies (including four RCTs), assessed sublobar resection's efficacy. Employing a random-effects model and I2 statistics for heterogeneity, we found sublobar resection reduced DFS (HR 1.31, p < 0.01) and OS (HR 1.27, p < 0.01) overall. However, RCT subgroup analysis showed no significant differences in DFS (p = 0.28) or OS (p = 0.62). Sublobar resection is a viable option for well-selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Mamede
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Joao del-Rei, Divinopolis, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Ribeiro
- Department of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Stecca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mackenzie Evangelical University Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Cypel
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Moreira D, Alexandre D, Miranda A, Lourenço P, Baptista PV, Tomaz C, Lu Y, Cruz C. Detecting mir-155-3p through a Molecular Beacon Bead-Based Assay. Molecules 2024; 29:3182. [PMID: 38999134 PMCID: PMC11243622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is recognized as one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide, underscoring an urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for several diseases and their progression, such as LC. However, traditional methods for detecting and quantifying miRNAs, such as PCR, are time-consuming and expensive. Herein, we used a molecular beacon (MB) bead-based assay immobilized in a microfluidic device to detect miR-155-3p, which is frequently overexpressed in LC. The assay relies on the fluorescence enhancement of the MB upon binding to the target miRNA via Watson and Crick complementarity, resulting in a conformational change from a stem-loop to a linear structure, thereby bringing apart the fluorophores at each end. This assay was performed on a microfluidic platform enabling rapid and straightforward target detection. We successfully detected miR-155-3p in a saline solution, obtaining a limit of detection (LOD) of 42 nM. Furthermore, we evaluated the method's performance in more complex biological samples, including A549 cells' total RNA and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) spiked with the target miRNA. We achieved satisfactory recovery rates, especially in A549 cells' total RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Moreira
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniela Alexandre
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro Lourenço
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro V Baptista
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, FCT-NOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cândida Tomaz
- Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
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4
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Sarova P, Mosleh B, Zehetmayer S, Oberndorfer F, Widder J, Prosch H, Aigner C, Idzko M, Hoda MA, Gompelmann D. PD-L1 expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer is associated with sex and genetic alterations: A retrospective study within the Caucasian population. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:1598-1606. [PMID: 38860475 PMCID: PMC11246784 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a well-established biomarker for predicting responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors and certain targeted therapies. As a result, treatment strategies for patients vary based on their PD-L1 expression status. Understanding the clinical features of patients with distinct PD-L1 levels is crucial for personalized treatment approaches. METHODS Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of 227 patients (54% male, mean age 67 ± 9.9 years) newly diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between April 2020 and December 2022 were retrospectively compared among three groups based on the PD-L1 expression: PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) negative, 1-50%, and ≥50%. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate predictors for high PD-L1 expression ≥50%. RESULTS PD-L1 expression levels were distributed as follows: negative in 29% of patients, between 1% and 50% in 41%, and greater than 50% (high) in 29%. In comparison to negative PD-L1 expression, low and high PD-L1 expression was associated with female sex (32.9% vs. 52.7% vs. 50.7%, p = 0.031), with the absence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations (83.6% vs. 91.1% vs. 98.1% p = 0.029), and with the absence of ERBB2 (HER2) tyrosine kinase mutations (90.9% vs. 100% vs. 98.1% p = 0.007), respectively. Age, smoking status, histological subtype, and disease stage showed no significant differences among the three patient groups. In the univariate logistic regression, EGFR mutation appeared to be the only predictor for PD-L1 expression, although it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION Although sex and genomic alterations are associated with PD-L1 expression in patients with NSCLC, no clinical characteristics seem to predict PD-L1 expression significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sarova
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Mosleh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Zehetmayer
- Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Oberndorfer
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Widder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Prosch
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Idzko
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M A Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Gompelmann
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Khadela A, Megha K, Shah VB, Soni S, Shah AC, Mistry H, Bhatt S, Merja M. Exploring the Potential of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Targeting Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarkers. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2024; 18:11795549241260534. [PMID: 38911453 PMCID: PMC11193349 DOI: 10.1177/11795549241260534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), combining the cytotoxicity of the drug payload with the specificity of monoclonal antibodies, are one of the rapidly evolving classes of anti-cancer agents. These agents have been successfully incorporated into the treatment paradigm of many malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The NSCLC is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer, having a considerable burden on the cancer-related mortality and morbidity rates globally. Several ADC molecules are currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be used in patients with NSCLC. However, the successful management of NSCLC patients using these agents was met with several challenges, including the development of resistance and toxicities. These shortcomings resulted in the exploration of novel therapeutic targets that can be targeted by the ADCs. This review aims to explore the recently identified ADC targets along with their oncologic mechanisms. The ADC molecules targeting these biomarkers are further discussed along with the evidence from clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Khadela
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Kaivalya Megha
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vraj B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shruti Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Aayushi C Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Hetvi Mistry
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shelly Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Manthan Merja
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Starlit Cancer Centre, Kothiya Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Alshehri MA, Asiri SA, Helmi N, Baeissa HM, Hamadi A, Alzahrani A, Alghamdi RM, Rafeeq MM, Alharbi ZM, Kamal MA. Unrevealing the multitargeted potency of 3-1-BCMIYPPA against lung cancer structural maintenance and suppression proteins through pharmacokinetics, QM-DFT, and multiscale MD simulation studies. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303784. [PMID: 38905286 PMCID: PMC11192378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, a relentless and challenging disease, demands unwavering attention in drug design research. Single-target drugs have yielded limited success, unable to effectively address this malignancy's profound heterogeneity and often developed resistance. Consequently, the clarion call for lung cancer drug design echoes louder than ever, and multitargeted drug design emerges as an imperative approach in this landscape, which is done by concurrently targeting multiple proteins and pathways and offering a beacon of hope. This study is focused on the multitargeted drug designing approach by identifying drug candidates against human cyclin-dependent kinase-2, SRC-2 domains of C-ABL, epidermal growth factor and receptor extracellular domains, and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor kinase. We performed the multitargeted molecular docking studies of Drug Bank compounds using HTVS, SP and XP algorithms and poses filter with MM\GBSA against all proteins and identified DB02504, namely [3-(1-Benzyl-3-Carbamoylmethyl-2-Methyl-1h-Indol-5-Yloxy)-Propyl-]-Phosphonic Acid (3-1-BCMIYPPA) as multitargeted lead with docking and MM\GBSA score range from -8.242 to -6.274 and -28.2 and -44.29 Kcal/mol, respectively. Further, the QikProp-based pharmacokinetic computations and QM-based DFT showed acceptance results against standard values, and interaction fingerprinting reveals that THR, MET, GLY, VAL, LEU, GLU and ASP were among the most interacting residues. The NPT ensemble-based 100ns MD simulation in a neutralised state with an SPC water model has also shown a stable performance and produced deviation and fluctuations <2Å with huge interactions, making it a promising multitargeted drug candidate-however, experimental studies are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed A. Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Helmi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanadi M. Baeissa
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hamadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alzahrani
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, Applied College, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed Mohammed Alghamdi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied College, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Misbahuddin M. Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh. King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad M. Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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7
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Gargalionis AN, Papavassiliou KA, Papavassiliou AG. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Treatment: Quo Vadis? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6309. [PMID: 38928013 PMCID: PMC11203558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has been established as the second most common cancer worldwide (most common cancer in men and second most common cancer in women) and as the leading cause of cancer morbidity among neoplasms [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios N. Gargalionis
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, ‘Attikon’ University General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Chaidari, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Kostas A. Papavassiliou
- First University Department of Respiratory Medicine, ‘Sotiria’ Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Hu ZY, Sui HY, Zhong QF, Hu L, Shi JH, Jiang SL, Han L. In vitro investigation of the binding characteristics of dacomitinib to human α 1-acid glycoprotein: Multispectral and computational modeling. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 314:124197. [PMID: 38554689 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Dacomitinib is a highly selective second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can irreversibly bind to tyrosine kinase and is mainly used in the treatment of lung cancer. The binding characteristics of dacomitinib with human α 1-acid glycoprotein (HAG) were analyzed by multispectral and computational simulation techniques. The fluorescence spectra showed that dacomitinib can quench the fluorescence of HAG by forming the HAG-dacomitinib complex with a molar ratio of 1:1 (static quenching). At the temperature similar to that of the human body, the affinity of dacomitinib to HAG (8.95 × 106 M-1) was much greater than that to BSA (3.39 × 104 M-1), indicating that dacomitinib will give priority to binding onto HAG. Thermodynamics parameters analysis and driving force competition experiments showed that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic forces were the major sources for keeping the complex of HAG-dacomitinib stable. The experimental outcomes also showed that the binding of dacomitinib can lead to the loosening of the skeleton structure of HAG, which led to a slight change in the secondary structure, and also reduces the hydrophobicity of the microenvironment of Trp and Tyr residues. The binding sites of dacomitinib on HAG and the contribution of key amino acid residues to the binding reaction were determined by molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In addition, it was found that there was a synergistic effect between dacomitinib and Mg2+ and Co2+ ions. Mg2+ and Co2+ could increase the Kb of dacomitinib to HAG and prolong the half-life of dacomitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Ying Hu
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Huan-Yu Sui
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Qi-Feng Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Lu Hu
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jie-Hua Shi
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Shao-Liang Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutic Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Liang Han
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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9
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Cavdar E, Karaboyun K, Kara K. Comprehensive analysis of the prognostic role of laboratory indices in advanced lung cancer patients. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38837742 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related death, is diagnosed mostly in advanced stages, and 5-year survival is approximately 5.8%. It is critical to identify reliable prognostic factors to optimize treatment responses, guide therapeutic strategies and pave the way to new research. In this study, we aimed to investigate the strongest prognostic factors for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 278 patients with NSCLC. We evaluated the association between potential prognostic factors and overall survival (OS) times using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The median OS in all patients was 15.3 months. In univariate analysis, gender, histologic type, performance status, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, hemoglobin level, serum albumin, sodium-globulin ratio (SGR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score (HALP), and advanced lung cancer index (ALI) were associated with survival. Models were established for multivariate analyses. In the models, NLR, SGR, HALP, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status showed independent prognostic features (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.002, p < 0.001, p = 0.010, and p = 0.025, respectively). In addition, in the subgroup analysis, prognostic indexes (NLR, SGR, and HALP) were found to have a prognostic effect on survival in multiple subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment NLR, SGR, HALP, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and ECOG performance status are independent prognostic factors for advanced NSCLC patients. These prognostic factors can be used in clinical practice as easily accessible, simple, and useful tools for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyyüp Cavdar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Karaboyun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Training and Research Hospital, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Kaan Kara
- Department of Chest Disease, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
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10
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Wang P, Martel P, Hajjam ME, Grimaldi L, Giroux Leprieur E. Incidental diagnosis of lung cancer on chest CT scan performed for suspected or documented COVID-19 infection. Respir Med Res 2024; 85:101084. [PMID: 38663250 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmer.2024.101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent studies have shown a benefit of chest computed tomography (CT scan) in lung cancer screening. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many chest CT scan performed on a large population. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and characteristics of lung cancer detected on chest CT scan, outside the framework of a clinical trial, for a suspected or documented COVID-19 infection. METHODS We conducted a multicenter study, carried out from the analysis of data from the prospective COVID-19 database of the Clinical Data Warehouse of the Greater Paris University Hospitals (AP-HP). We identified the patients who had been diagnosed with a lung cancer, due to a chest CT scan done for a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. The study period was limited to the first two epidemic lockdowns: (03/01/20 - 05/31/20) and (10/10/20 - 11/30/20). RESULTS Over the study period, 24 390 patients had at least one chest CT scan. Among them, 72 lung cancer diagnoses were made (incidence 0.30 %; median age 67.4 years old, 50.0 % current smokers, 55.6 % adenocarcinoma). Half of the lung cancer patients (n = 36) did not meet the National Lung Screening Trial inclusion criteria. Twenty-six patients (36.1 %) were diagnosed at an early stage, 25 (34.7 %) of whom received radical curative treatment. Twenty-six patients died during the follow-up (36.1 %) but none in early stages. The median overall survival in lung cancer patients was 693 days [532 - NA]. CONCLUSIONS A large-scale chest CT scan strategy for suspected or documented COVID-19 infection has allowed a significant proportion of early-stage lung cancer diagnosis, all of which have benefited from curative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Wang
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, APHP-Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Patricia Martel
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, APHP-Université Paris Saclay, Clinical Research Unit, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Mostafa El Hajjam
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, APHP-Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Department of Radiology, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Lamiae Grimaldi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, APHP-Université Paris Saclay, Clinical Research Unit, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Etienne Giroux Leprieur
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, APHP-Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
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11
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Szentkereszty M, Ladányi A, Gálffy G, Tóvári J, Losonczy G. Density of tumor-infiltrating NK and Treg cells is associated with 5 years progression-free and overall survival in resected lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2024; 192:107824. [PMID: 38761665 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Surgical resection of pulmonary adenocarcinoma is considered to be curative but progression-free survival (PFS) has remained highly variable. Antitumor immune response may be important, however, the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) and regulatory T (Treg) lymphocytes is uncertain. Resected pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissues (n = 115) were studied by immunohistochemical detection of NKp46 and FoxP3 positivity to identify NK and Treg cells, respectively. Association of cell densities with clinicopathological features and progression-free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (OS) were analyzed with a follow-up time of 60 months. Both types of immune cells were accumulated predominantly in tumor stroma. NK cell density showed association with female gender, non-smoking and KRAS wild-type status. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, PFS and OS proved to be longer in patients with high NK or Treg cell densities (p = 0.0293 and p = 0.0375 for PFS, p = 0.0310 and p = 0.0448 for OS, respectively). Evaluating the prognostic effect of the combination of NK and Treg cell density values revealed that PFS and OS were significantly longer in NKhigh/Treghigh cases compared to the other groups combined (p = 0.0223 and p = 0.0325, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that high NK cell density was independent predictor of longer PFS while high NK and high Treg cell densities both proved significant predictors of longer OS. The NKhigh/Treghigh combination also proved to be an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS. In conclusion, NK and Treg cells can be components of the innate and adaptive immune response at action against progression of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Szentkereszty
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University Clinical Center, Budapest, Hungary; Tumor Pathology Center, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Ladányi
- Tumor Pathology Center, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Gálffy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University Clinical Center, Budapest, Hungary; Pulmonology Hospital of Törökbálint, Törökbálint, Hungary
| | - József Tóvári
- National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University Clinical Center, Budapest, Hungary.
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12
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Hu J, Lan J, Xu G. Role of frailty in predicting prognosis of older patients with lung cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Geriatr Oncol 2024:101804. [PMID: 38824058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2024.101804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frailty is a syndrome affecting primarily older adults that can impact disease course, treatment, and outcomes in patients with lung cancer (LC). We systematically reviewed current data on the correlation between frailty and overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and the risk of complications in older patients with LC. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were searched for observational cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies involving participants aged 18 years or older diagnosed with LC. Eligible studies were required to perform frailty assessments and have non-frail participants as a comparator group. Random-effects models were used for analysis, and the reported effect sizes were represented as hazards ratio (HR) or odds ratios (OR) with associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Seventeen studies were included, most with a retrospective cohort design (n = 16) and patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Older patients with LC and frailty had lower OS (HR 1.70, 95% CI: 1.39, 2.07) and RFS (HR 2.50, 95% CI: 1.02, 6.12), compared to non-frail subjects. Frail subjects also had increased risk of complications (OR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.42, 2.53). DISCUSSION The observed association between frailty and OS, RFS, and an increased susceptibility to complications emphasizes the potential significance of frailty status as a substantial prognostic indicator. Our results underscore the vital role of including frailty assessment as an integral element within the management plan for patients dealing with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanping Hu
- Department of Gerontology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Jiarong Lan
- Department of Medicine, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, China.
| | - Guangxing Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Eklund EA, Mourad A, Wiel C, Sayin SI, Fagman H, Hallqvist A, Sayin VI. Assessing the prognostic value of KRAS mutation combined with tumor size in stage I-II non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1396285. [PMID: 38884086 PMCID: PMC11176435 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1396285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background KRAS mutation status is a well-established independent prognostic factor in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet its role in early-stage disease is unclear. Here, we investigate the prognostic value of combining survival data on KRAS mutation status and tumor size in stage I-II NSCLC. Methods We studied the combined impact of KRAS mutational status and tumor size on overall survival (OS) in patients with stage I-II NSCLC. We performed a retrospective study including 310 diagnosed patients with early (stage I-II) NSCLCs. All molecularly assessed patients diagnosed with stage I-II NSCLC between 2016-2018 in the Västra Götaland Region of western Sweden were screened in this multi-center retrospective study. The primary study outcome was overall survival. Results Out of 310 patients with stage I-II NSCLC, 37% harbored an activating mutation in the KRAS gene. Our study confirmed staging and tumor size as prognostic factors. However, KRAS mutational status was not found to impact OS and there was no difference in the risk of death when combining KRAS mutational status and primary tumor size. Conclusions In our patient cohort, KRAS mutations in combination with primary tumor size did not impact prognosis in stage I-II NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella A Eklund
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ali Mourad
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Clotilde Wiel
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sama I Sayin
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Hallqvist
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Binshaya AS, Alkahtani OS, Aldakheel FM, Hjazi A, Almasoudi HH. Structure-based multitargeted docking screening, pharmacokinetics, DFT, and dynamics simulation studies reveal mitoglitazone as a potent inhibitor of cellular survival and stress response proteins of lung cancer. Med Oncol 2024; 41:101. [PMID: 38546811 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease in which lung cells grow abnormally and uncontrollably, and the cause of it is direct smoking, secondhand smoke, radon, asbestos, and certain chemicals. The worldwide leading cause of death is lung cancer, which is responsible for more than 1.8 million deaths yearly and is expected to rise to 2.2 million by 2030. The most common type of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for about 80% and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which is more aggressive than NSCLC and is often diagnosed later and accounts for 20% of cases. The global concern for lung cancer demands efficient drugs with the slightest chance of developing resistance, and the idea of multitargeted drug designing came up with the solution. In this study, we have performed multitargeted molecular docking studies of Drug Bank compounds with HTVS, SP and XP algorithms followed by MM\GBSA against the four proteins of lung cancer cellular survival and stress responses, which revealed Mitoglitazone as a multitargeted inhibitor with a docking and MM\GBSA score ranging from - 5.784 to - 7.739 kcal/mol and - 25.81 to - 47.65kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, we performed pharmacokinetics studies and QM-based DFT analysis, showing suitable candidate and interaction pattern analysis revealed the most count of interacting residues was 4GLY, 5PHE, 6ASP, 6GLU, 6LYS, and 6THR. Further, the results were validated with SPC water model-based MD simulation for 100ns in neutralised condition, showing the cumulative deviation and fluctuation < 2Å with many intermolecular interactions. The whole analysis has suggested that Mitoglitazone can be used as a multitargeted inhibitor against lung cancer-however, experimental studies are needed before human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkarim S Binshaya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Omar Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan H Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, 61441, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Thamrongjirapat T, Muntham D, Incharoen P, Trachu N, Sae-Lim P, Sarachai N, Khiewngam K, Monnamo N, Kantathut N, Ngodngamthaweesuk M, Ativitavas T, Chansriwong P, Nitiwarangkul C, Ruangkanchanasetr R, Kositwattanarerk A, Sirachainan E, Dejthevaporn T, Reungwetwattana T. Molecular alterations and clinical prognostic factors in resectable non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:200. [PMID: 38347487 PMCID: PMC10863204 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND EGFR inhibitor and immunotherapy have been approved for adjuvant treatment in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Limited reports of molecular and clinical characteristics as prognostic factors in NSCLC have been published. METHODS Medical records of patients with resectable NSCLC stage I-III diagnosed during 2015-2020 were reviewed. Real time-PCR (RT-PCR) was performed for EGFR mutations (EGFRm). Immunohistochemistry staining was conducted for ALK and PD-L1 expression. Categorical variables were compared using chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Survival analysis was done by cox-regression method. RESULTS Total 441 patients were included. The prevalence of EGFRm, ALK fusion, and PD-L1 expression were 57.8%, 1.9%, and 20.5% (SP263), respectively. The most common EGFRm were Del19 (43%) and L858R (41%). There was no significant difference of recurrence free survival (RFS) by EGFRm status whereas patients with PD-L1 expression (PD-L1 positive patients) had lower RFS compared to without PD-L1 expression (PD-L1 negative patients) (HR = 1.75, P = 0.036). Patients with both EGFRm and PD-L1 expression had worse RFS compared with EGFRm and PD-L1 negative patients (HR = 3.38, P = 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed higher CEA at cut-off 3.8 ng/ml, pT4, pN2, pStage II, and margin were significant poor prognostic factors for RFS in the overall population, which was similar to EGFRm population (exception of pT and pStage). Only pStage was a significant poor prognostic factor for PD-L1 positive patients. The predictive score for predicting of recurrence were 6 for all population (63% sensitivity and 86% specificity) and 5 for EGFRm population (62% sensitivity and 93% specificity). CONCLUSION The prevalence and types of EGFRm were similar between early stage and advanced stage NSCLC. While lower prevalence of PD-L1 expression was found in early stage disease. Patients with both EGFRm and PD-L1 expression had poorer outcome. Thus PD-L1 expression would be one of the prognostic factor in EGFRm patients. Validation of the predictive score should be performed in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thamrongjirapat
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - D Muntham
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Incharoen
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - N Trachu
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Sae-Lim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - N Sarachai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - K Khiewngam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - N Monnamo
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - N Kantathut
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - M Ngodngamthaweesuk
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - T Ativitavas
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - P Chansriwong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - C Nitiwarangkul
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - R Ruangkanchanasetr
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Radiation and Oncology Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - A Kositwattanarerk
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - E Sirachainan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - T Dejthevaporn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - T Reungwetwattana
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Ramathibodi Lung Cancer Consortium (RLC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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16
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Li H, Shyam Sunder S, Jatwani K, Bae Y, Deng L, Liu Q, Dy GK, Pokharel S. Tumor Characteristics and Treatment Responsiveness in Pembrolizumab-Treated Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:744. [PMID: 38398135 PMCID: PMC10887414 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pembrolizumab, a widely used immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), has revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Identifying unique tumor characteristics in patients likely to respond to pembrolizumab could help the clinical adjudication and development of a personalized therapeutic strategy. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the clinical data and pathological features of 84 NSCLC patients treated with pembrolizumab. We examined the correlation between the clinical and demographic characteristics and the tumor histopathologic features obtained before immunotherapy. The response to pembrolizumab therapy was evaluated via the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). The clinical data and cancer tissue characteristics were assessed and compared among three groups according to the following RECIST: the responsive group (RG), the stable disease group (SD), and the progressive disease group (PD), where the RG comprised patients with either a complete response (CR) or a partial response (PR). The overall survival rate of the RG group was significantly higher than the SD and PD groups. In addition, the percentage of pre-treatment viable tumor cell content in the RG and SD groups was significantly higher. At the same time, the extracellular stroma proportion was significantly lower than that of the PD group. The number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the RG group was significantly higher than in the PD group. There were no significant differences in tumor necrosis, the stroma composition, PD-L1 expression level (TPS 1-49% vs. ≥50%), and treatment response. In conclusion, our population of NSCLC patients who experienced positive treatment responses to pembrolizumab therapy had a better prognosis compared to patients with either SD or PD. Moreover, the relative proportions of viable tumor cells to tumor-associated lymphocytes were associated with responsiveness to treatment. It is expected that larger prospective clinical studies will further validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.L.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Sunitha Shyam Sunder
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.L.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Karan Jatwani
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (K.J.); (L.D.); (G.K.D.)
| | - Yongho Bae
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (K.J.); (L.D.); (G.K.D.)
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Grace K. Dy
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (K.J.); (L.D.); (G.K.D.)
| | - Saraswati Pokharel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; (H.L.); (S.S.S.)
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17
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Rojiani MV, Rojiani AM. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Tumor Biology. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:716. [PMID: 38398107 PMCID: PMC10887001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide among men and women [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz V. Rojiani
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Amyn M. Rojiani
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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18
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Peng L, Yang R, Wang Z, Jian H, Tan X, Li J, He Z, Huang R, Zeng P, Gao W. Polyphyllin II (PPII) Enhances the Sensitivity of Multidrug-resistant A549/DDP Cells to Cisplatin by Modulating Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism. In Vivo 2024; 38:213-225. [PMID: 38148070 PMCID: PMC10756451 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cisplatin resistance often leads to treatment futility and elevated mortality rates in patients with lung cancer. One promising strategy to address this challenge involves the integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with chemotherapeutic drugs. Currently, the potential synergistic effect and underlying mechanism of polyphyllin II (PPII) and cisplatin combination in combating cisplatin (DDP) resistance in lung cancer remain unexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we established a cisplatin resistance model using A549 cells and explored the underlying mechanisms of PPII in combination with cisplatin in A549/DDP resistant cells. Specifically, we assessed the impact of PPII combined with cisplatin on A549/DDP cell proliferation, viability, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. To gain deeper insights into the underlying mechanism, we examined the effects of PPII and cisplatin on mitochondrial function in A549/DDP cells. RESULTS This combination induced cell cycle arrest at both the S phase and G2/M phase in A549/DDP cells, thereby promoting apoptosis. Western blotting confirmed that DDP acted synergistically with PPII to enhance the expression of apoptotic proteins, diminish the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, and promote the expression of anti-proliferation proteins in the mitochondrial pathway of A549/DDP cells. CONCLUSION The combination of PPII and cisplatin effectively modulated the mitochondrial function, thereby reversing drug resistance in A549/DDP cells. This innovative combination therapy shows significant promise as a novel strategy for overcoming cisplatin resistance in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Peng
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Renyi Yang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhibing Wang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Formula and Syndrome Transformation Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Jian
- Key Laboratory of TCM Formula and Syndrome Transformation Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Tan
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of TCM Formula and Syndrome Transformation Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zuomei He
- Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Rui Huang
- Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Puhua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of TCM Formula and Syndrome Transformation Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China;
| | - Wenhui Gao
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China;
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Hofman P, Denis MG. The use of minimal residual disease in thoracic oncology: Gaps between promises and the on-the-ground reality of daily practice. Cytopathology 2024; 35:7-15. [PMID: 37222472 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) from blood samples of patients with resected non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is promising and opens up many opportunities for the optimisation of patient care in daily practice. Notably, this includes the potential for escalation or de-escalation of adjuvant therapies. Thus, the evaluation of MRD status can directly contribute to an increase in the overall survival of early stage NSCLC patients and/or limit therapeutic but also "financial" toxicity. Therefore, several clinical trials recently evaluated MRD in early stage NSCLC by integrating and retrospectively comparing the results of MRD assessments. In this context, there is an urgent need to close the gap between clinical research and the use of the evaluation of MRD in routine daily practice. Further action needs to be taken, particularly in evaluating the pertinence of the detection of MRD in prospective interventional clinical studies. This may be done in part by comparing different parameters, such as the techniques used, the different time points and the cutoffs of MRD assessments. This article investigates the assessment of MRD in non-small cell lung cancers, with a special focus on the issues associated with the various assays and the limitations of using circulating free DNA analyses for MRD assessment in early stage lung cancer. Recommendations and tips for the optimisation of MRD evaluation in non-small cell lung cancers are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hofman
- FHU OncoAge, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Marc G Denis
- Department of Biochemistry, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in Immunotherapy, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
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20
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Trulson I, Holdenrieder S. Prognostic value of blood-based protein biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer: A critical review and 2008-2022 update. Tumour Biol 2024; 46:S111-S161. [PMID: 37927288 DOI: 10.3233/tub-230009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic possibilities for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have considerably increased during recent decades. OBJECTIVE To summarize the prognostic relevance of serum tumor markers (STM) for early and late-stage NSCLC patients treated with classical chemotherapies, novel targeted and immune therapies. METHODS A PubMed database search was conducted for prognostic studies on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase, squamous-cell carcinoma antigen, progastrin-releasing-peptide, CA125, CA 19-9 and CA 15-3 STMs in NSCLC patients published from 2008 until June 2022. RESULTS Out of 1069 studies, 141 were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. A considerable heterogeneity regarding design, patient number, analytical and statistical methods was observed. High pretherapeutic CYFRA 21-1 levels and insufficient decreases indicated unfavorable prognosis in many studies on NSCLC patients treated with chemo-, targeted and immunotherapies or their combinations in early and advanced stages. Similar results were seen for CEA in chemotherapy, however, high pretherapeutic levels were sometimes favorable in targeted therapies. CA125 is a promising prognostic marker in patients treated with immunotherapies. Combinations of STMs further increased the prognostic value over single markers. CONCLUSION Protein STMs, especially CYFRA 21-1, have prognostic potential in early and advanced stage NSCLC. For future STM investigations, better adherence to comparable study designs, analytical methods, outcome measures and statistical evaluation standards is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Trulson
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Munich Biomarker Research Center, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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21
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Wu LL, Jiang WM, Qian JY, Tian JY, Li ZX, Li K, Ma GW, Xie D, Chen C. High-risk characteristics of pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma after resection: patients for whom adjuvant chemotherapy should be performed. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23207. [PMID: 38144332 PMCID: PMC10746451 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the present study was to identify patients with pathologic stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) who are at high risk of recurrence and assess the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in these individuals. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 1504 patients with pathologic stage I LUAD who underwent surgical resection at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital and Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to identify indicators associated with a high risk of recurrence, while the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were employed to compare recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients with ACT and those without it. Results Four independent indicators, including age (≥62 years), visceral pleural invasion (VPI), predominant pattern (micropapillary/solid), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI), were identified to be significantly related with RFS. Subsequently, patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups by LVI, VPI, and predominant pattern. The administration of ACT significantly increased both RFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P = 0.03) in the high-risk group (n = 250). Conversely, no significant difference was observed in either RFS (P = 0.45) or OS (P = 0.063) between ACT and non-ACT patients in the low-risk group (n = 1254). Conclusions Postoperative patients with stage I LUAD with factors such as LVI, VPI, and micropapillary/solid predominant pattern may benefit from ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Lei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092, PR China
| | - Wen-Mei Jiang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Jia-Yi Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092, PR China
| | - Jia-Yuan Tian
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092, PR China
| | - Guo-Wei Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Dong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092, PR China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092, PR China
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22
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Qian JY, Wu LL, Zhang LY, Li K, Li ZX, Zhao Y, Xie D. Prognostic evaluation of stage I lung adenocarcinoma based on systematic inflammatory response. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023; 7:pkad090. [PMID: 37941434 PMCID: PMC10660118 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to construct an effective nomogram based on the clinical and laboratory characteristics to predict the prognosis of stage I lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR alteration. METHODS A retrospective study was performed of 913 eligible patients with EGFR alteration after surgery at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. The peripheral blood indicators were included in the nomogram. Calibration plots, concordance index, decision curve analysis, and X-tile software were used in this study. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for RFS. The calibration curves for RFS probabilities showed good agreement between the nomogram prediction and actual observation. Furthermore, the nomogram, including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio had a higher concordance index (0.732, 95% confidence interval = 0.706 to 0.758) than that without neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio or platelet to lymphocyte ratio (0.713, 95% confidence interval = 0.686 to 0.740), and decision curve analysis plots showed that the nomogram with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio had better clinical practicability. Additionally, the patients were divided into 2 groups according to cutoff values of risk points, and statistically significant differences in RFS and overall survival were observed between the high-risk and low-risk groups (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS High pretreatment levels of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio were strongly associated with a worse prognosis in stage I EGFR-altered lung adenocarcinomas. Besides, the proposed nomogram with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio presented a better prediction ability for the survival of those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
| | - Lei-Lei Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
| | - Li-Yan Zhang
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
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23
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Alamery S, AlAjmi A, Wani TA, Zargar S. In Silico and In Vitro Exploration of Poziotinib and Olmutinib Synergy in Lung Cancer: Role of hsa-miR-7-5p in Regulating Apoptotic Pathway Marker Genes. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1923. [PMID: 38003971 PMCID: PMC10673591 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is often caused by EGFR mutations, leading to overactive cell growth pathways. Drug resistance is a significant challenge in lung cancer treatment, affecting therapy effectiveness and patient survival. However, combining drugs in research shows promise in addressing or delaying resistance, offering a more effective approach to cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated the potential alterations in the apoptotic pathway in A549 cells induced by a combined targeted therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) olmutinib and poziotinib, focusing on cell proliferation, differential gene expression, and in silico analysis of apoptotic markers. Methods: A combined targeted therapy involving olmutinib and poziotinib was investigated for its impact on the apoptotic pathway in A549 cells. Cell proliferation, quantitative differential gene expression, and in silico analysis of apoptotic markers were examined. A549 cells were treated with varying concentrations (1, 2.5, and 5 μM) of poziotinib, olmutinib, and their combination. Results: Treatment with poziotinib, olmutinib, and their combination significantly reduced cell proliferation, with the most pronounced effect at 2.5 μM (p < 0.005). A synergistic antiproliferative effect was observed with the combination of poziotinib and olmutinib (p < 0.0005). Quantitative differential gene expression showed synergistic action of the drug combination, impacting key apoptotic genes including STK-11, Bcl-2, Bax, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In silico analysis revealed direct interactions between EGFR and ERBB2 genes, accounting for 77.64% of their interactions, and 8% co-expression with downstream apoptotic genes. Molecular docking indicated strong binding of poziotinib and olmutinib to extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathway markers, with binding energies of -9.4 kcal/mol and -8.5 kcal/mol, respectively, on interacting with STK-11. Conclusions: Combining poziotinib and olmutinib therapies may significantly improve drug tolerance and conquer drug resistance more effectively than using them individually in lung cancer patients, as suggested by this study's mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Anfal AlAjmi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Tanveer A. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.A.)
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Dell’Amore A, Bonis A, Melan L, Silvestrin S, Cannone G, Shamshoum F, Zampieri A, Pezzuto F, Calabrese F, Nicotra S, Schiavon M, Faccioli E, Mammana M, Comacchio GM, Pasello G, Rea F. Microscopical Variables and Tumor Inflammatory Microenvironment Do Not Modify Survival or Recurrence in Stage I-IIA Lung Adenocarcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4542. [PMID: 37760512 PMCID: PMC10527442 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microscopical predictors and Tumor Immune Microenvironment (TIME) have been studied less in early-stage NSCLC due to the curative intent of resection and the satisfactory survival rate achievable. Despite this, the emerging literature enforces the role of the immune system and microscopical predictors as prognostic variables in NSCLC and in adenocarcinomas (ADCs) as well. Here, we investigated whether cancer-related microscopical variables and TIME influence survival and recurrence in I-IIA ADCs. We retrospectively collected I-IIA ADCs treated (lobectomy or segmentectomy) at the University Hospital (Padova) between 2016 and 2022. We assigned to pathological variables a cumulative pathological score (PS) resulting as the sum of them. TIME was investigated as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs < 11% or ≥11%) and PD-L1 considering its expression (<1% or ≥1%). Then, we compared survival and recurrence according to PS, histology, TILs and PD-L1. A total of 358 I-IIA ADCs met the inclusion criteria. The median PS grew from IA1 to IIA, indicating an increasing microscopical cancer activity. Except for the T-SUVmax, any pathological predictor seemed to be different between PD-L1 < 1% and ≥1%. Histology, PS, TILs and PD-L1 were unable to indicate a survival difference according to the Log-rank test (p = 0.37, p = 0.25, p = 0.41 and p = 0.23). Even the recurrence was non-significant (p = 0.90, p = 0.62, p = 0.97, p = 0.74). According to our findings, resection remains the best upfront treatment in I-IIA ADCs. Microscopical cancer activity grows from IA1 to IIA tumors, but it does not affect outcomes. These outcomes are also unmodified by TIME. Probably, microscopical cancer development and immune reaction against cancer are overwhelmed by an adequate R0-N0 resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dell’Amore
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Alessandro Bonis
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Luca Melan
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Stefano Silvestrin
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Giorgio Cannone
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Fares Shamshoum
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Alberto Zampieri
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Federica Pezzuto
- Pathology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.P.)
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Pathology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.P.)
| | - Samuele Nicotra
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Marco Schiavon
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Eleonora Faccioli
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Marco Mammana
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Giovanni Maria Comacchio
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Oncology 2 Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Rea
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health–DSCTV, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy (S.N.); (G.M.C.)
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Fukuda S, Suda K, Hamada A, Tsutani Y. Recent Advances in Perioperative Immunotherapies in Lung Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1377. [PMID: 37759777 PMCID: PMC10526295 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several clinical trials have been revolutionizing the perioperative treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Many of these clinical trials involve cancer immunotherapies with antibody drugs that block the inhibitory immune checkpoints programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1. While these new treatments are expected to improve the treatment outcome of NSCLC patients after pulmonary resection, several major clinical questions remain, including the appropriate timing of immunotherapy (neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or both) and the identification of patients who should be treated with neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant immunotherapies, because some early-stage NSCLC patients are cured by surgical resection alone. In addition, immunotherapy may induce immune-related adverse events that will require permanent treatment in some patients. Based on this fact as well, it is desirable to select appropriate patients for neoadjuvant/adjuvant immunotherapies. So far, data from several important trials have been published, with findings demonstrating the efficacy of adjuvant atezolizumab (IMpower010 trial), neoadjuvant nivolumab plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy (CheckMate816 trial), and several perioperative (neoadjuvant plus adjuvant) immunotherapies (AEGEAN, KEYNOTE-671, NADIM II, and Neotorch trials). In addition to these key trials, numerous clinical trials have reported a wealth of data, although most of the above clinical questions have not been completely answered yet. Because there are so many ongoing clinical trials in this field, a comprehensive understanding of the results and/or contents of these trials is necessary to explore answers to the clinical questions above as well as to plan a new clinical trial. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the recent data obtained from clinical trials addressing such questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenichi Suda
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Japan; (S.F.); (A.H.); (Y.T.)
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26
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Gabryel P, Skrzypczak P, Campisi A, Kasprzyk M, Roszak M, Piwkowski C. Predictors of Long-Term Survival of Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Stage IA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Large Retrospective Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3877. [PMID: 37568693 PMCID: PMC10416904 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard of care for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is anatomical lung resection with lymphadenectomy. This multicenter, retrospective, cohort study aimed to identify predictors of 5-year survival in patients after thoracoscopic lobectomy for stage IA NSCLC. The study included 1249 patients who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy for stage IA NSCLC between 17 April 2007, and December 28, 2016. The 5-year survival rate equaled 77.7%. In the multivariate analysis, higher age (OR, 1.025, 95% CI: 1.002 to 1.048; p = 0.032), male sex (OR, 1.410, 95% CI: 1.109 to 1.793; p = 0.005), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR, 1.346, 95% CI: 1.005 to 1.803; p = 0.046), prolonged postoperative air leak (OR, 2.060, 95% CI: 1.424 to 2.980; p < 0.001) and higher pathological stage (OR, 1.271, 95% CI: 1.048 to 1.541; p = 0.015) were related to the increased risk of death within 5 years after surgery. Lobe-specific mediastinal lymph node dissection (OR, 0.725, 95% CI: 0.548 to 0.959; p = 0.024) was related to the decreased risk of death within 5 years after surgery. These findings provide valuable insights for clinical practice and may contribute to improving the quality of treatment of early-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gabryel
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.); (M.K.); (C.P.)
| | - Piotr Skrzypczak
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.); (M.K.); (C.P.)
| | - Alessio Campisi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University and Hospital Trust—Ospedale Borgo Trento, Piazzale Aristide Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Mariusz Kasprzyk
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.); (M.K.); (C.P.)
| | - Magdalena Roszak
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 7 Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Cezary Piwkowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569 Poznan, Poland; (P.S.); (M.K.); (C.P.)
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Tournoy KG, Adam V, Muylle I, De Rijck H, Everaert E, Eqlimi E, van Meerbeeck JP, Vercauter P. Health Outcomes with Curative and Palliative Therapies in Real World: Role of the Quality of Life Summary Score in Thoracic Oncology Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3821. [PMID: 37568637 PMCID: PMC10417517 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For patients receiving therapy with curative or palliative intent for a thoracic malignancy, prediction of quality of life (QOL), once therapy starts, remains challenging. The role of health assessments by the patient instead of the doctor herein remains ill-defined. AIMS To assess the evolution of QOL in patients with thoracic malignancies treated with curative and palliative intent, respectively. To identify factors that determine QOL one year after the start of cancer therapy. To identify factors that affect survival. METHODS We prospectively included consecutive patients with a thoracic malignancy who were starting anti-cancer therapy and measured QOL with QLQ-C30 before the start of therapy, and thereafter at regular intervals for up to 12 months. A multivariate regression analysis of the global health score (GHS) and QOL summary scores (QSS) one year after the start of therapy was conducted. A proportional hazards Cox regression was conducted to investigate the effects of case-mix variables on survival. RESULTS Of 587 new patients, 375 started different forms of therapy. Most had non-small cell lung cancer (n = 298), 35 had small cell lung cancer, and 42 had other thoracic malignancies or were diagnosed on imaging alone. There were 203 who went for a curative intent and 172 for a palliative intent strategy. The WHO score of 0-1 was more prevalent in the former group (p = 0.02), and comorbidities were equally distributed. At baseline, all QOL indices were better in the curative group (p < 0.05). The curative group was characterized by a significant worsening of GHS and QSS (p < 0.05). The palliative group was characterized by an improvement in GHS and emotional health (p < 0.05), while other dimensions of functioning remained stable. GHS at 12 months was estimated in a multivariate linear regression model (R2 = 0.23-p < 0.001) based on baseline GHS, QSS, and comorbidity burden. QSS at 12 months was estimated (R2 = 0.31-p < 0.001) by baseline QSS and therapeutic intent strategy (curative vs. palliative). The prognostic factors for overall survival were the type of therapy (curative vs. palliative intent, p < 0.001) and occurrence of early toxicity-related hospitalization (grade ≥ 3, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Patients with thoracic malignancies treated with curative intent experience a worsening of their QOL in the first year, whereas those receiving palliative anti-cancer therapy do not. QOL one year after the start of therapy depends on the baseline health scores as determined by the patient, comorbidity burden, and therapeutic strategy. Survival depends on therapeutic strategy and early hospitalization due to toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt G. Tournoy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve Vrouw Ziekenhuis, 9300 Aalst, Belgium; (V.A.); (I.M.); (H.D.R.); (E.E.); (P.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valerie Adam
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve Vrouw Ziekenhuis, 9300 Aalst, Belgium; (V.A.); (I.M.); (H.D.R.); (E.E.); (P.V.)
| | - Inge Muylle
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve Vrouw Ziekenhuis, 9300 Aalst, Belgium; (V.A.); (I.M.); (H.D.R.); (E.E.); (P.V.)
| | - Helene De Rijck
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve Vrouw Ziekenhuis, 9300 Aalst, Belgium; (V.A.); (I.M.); (H.D.R.); (E.E.); (P.V.)
| | - Ellen Everaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve Vrouw Ziekenhuis, 9300 Aalst, Belgium; (V.A.); (I.M.); (H.D.R.); (E.E.); (P.V.)
| | - Ehsan Eqlimi
- Clinical Trial Center and Center of Biostatistics, Onze-Lieve Vrouw Ziekenhuis, 9300 Aalst, Belgium;
| | - Jan P. van Meerbeeck
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium;
| | - Piet Vercauter
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Onze-Lieve Vrouw Ziekenhuis, 9300 Aalst, Belgium; (V.A.); (I.M.); (H.D.R.); (E.E.); (P.V.)
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West H, Hu X, Chirovsky D, Walker MS, Wang Y, Kaushiva A, Tepsick J, Samkari A. Clinical and economic impact of recurrence in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer following complete resection. Future Oncol 2023; 19:1415-1427. [PMID: 37218514 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Real-world data on outcomes for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are needed to better understand the benefits of new therapies. Methods: In this retrospective study using the ConcertAI Patient360™ database, overall survival and healthcare resource utilization were compared among patients with recurrent and non-recurrent completely resected stage IB-IIIA NSCLC. Results: Recurrence was associated with a shorter median overall survival compared with non-recurrence (31.5 months vs 75.6 months, respectively), lower survival probability 5-years post-resection, and higher healthcare resource utilization. Patients with late recurrence had a longer restricted mean survival time versus patients with early recurrence. Conclusion: Results from this real-world study highlight the potential value of preventing or delaying recurrence in patients with early-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard West
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xiaohan Hu
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Diana Chirovsky
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Mark S Walker
- ConcertAI, 1120 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yuexi Wang
- ConcertAI, 1120 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Alpana Kaushiva
- ConcertAI, 1120 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jon Tepsick
- ConcertAI, 1120 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ayman Samkari
- Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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29
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Manisekaran R, Chettiar ADR, Kandasamy G, Garcia-Contreras R, Acosta-Torres LS. State-of-the-art: MXene structures in nano-oncology. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 147:213354. [PMID: 36842245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancer nanomedicine has been investigated widely and boomed in the last two decades, resulting in designing nanostructures with biofunctionalization, giving rise to an "All-in-One" multifunctional platform. The development of rational design technology with extended functionalities brought interdisciplinary researchers to work continuously, aiming to find a prevent or effectively treat the deadly disease of the century. Thus, it led to some Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approving nano-based formulations for cancer treatment and opening a vast area of promising discoveries by exploiting different nanomaterials. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have recently gained tremendous interest among scientists because of their outstanding structural, optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical characteristics. Among various 2D nanomaterials, MXenes are a widely studied nanosystem because of their close similarity to graphene analogs. So, it is synthesized using multiple approaches and exploits their inherited properties. But in most cases, surface functionalization techniques are carried out for targeting, site-specific drug clearance, renal clearance, and biocompatible with healthy cells. Thus, fabricating a multimodal agent for mono or combined therapies is also an image-guided diagnostic agent. This review will explain the recent and emerging advancements of MXenes-based composites as a multifunctional theragnostic agent and discuss the possibilities of transferring laboratory research to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Manisekaran
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, 37684 León, Mexico.
| | - Aruna-Devi Rasu Chettiar
- Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, 76010 Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ganeshlenin Kandasamy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rene Garcia-Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, 37684 León, Mexico
| | - Laura Susana Acosta-Torres
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates, 37684 León, Mexico
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A Novel Systematic Oxidative Stress Score Predicts the Survival of Patients with Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061718. [PMID: 36980604 PMCID: PMC10099732 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to construct an effective nomogram based on the clinical and oxidative stress-related characteristics to predict the prognosis of stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). A retrospective study was performed on 955 eligible patients with stage I LUAD after surgery at our hospital. The relationship between systematic-oxidative-stress biomarkers and the prognosis was analyzed. The systematic oxidative stress score (SOS) was established based on three biochemical indicators, including serum creatinine (CRE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and uric acid (UA). SOS was an independent prognostic factor for stage I LUADs, and the nomogram based on SOS and clinical characteristics could accurately predict the prognosis of these patients. The nomogram had a high concordance index (C-index) (0.684, 95% CI, 0.656–0.712), and the calibration curves for recurrence-free survival (RFS) probabilities showed a strong agreement between the nomogram prediction and actual observation. Additionally, the patients were divided into two groups according to the cut-off value of risk points based on the nomogram, and a significant difference in RFS was observed between the high-risk and low-risk groups (p < 0.0001). SOS is an independent prognostic indicator for stage I LUAD. These things considered, the constructed nomogram based on SOS could accurately predict the survival of those patients.
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Adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapeutic strategy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Investig 2023; 61:133-134. [PMID: 36634545 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Liu X, Dong X, Hu Y, Fang Y. Identification of thioredoxin-1 as a biomarker of lung cancer and evaluation of its prognostic value based on bioinformatics analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1080237. [PMID: 36776308 PMCID: PMC9911911 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1080237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thioredoxin-1 (TXN), a redox balance factor, plays an essential role in oxidative stress and has been shown to act as a potential contributor to various cancers. This study evaluated the role of TXN in lung cancer by bioinformatics analyses. Materials and methods Genes differentially expressed in lung cancer and oxidative stress related genes were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus and GeneCards databases. Following identification of TXN as an optimal differentially expressed gene by bioinformatics, the prognostic value of TXN in lung cancer was evaluated by univariate/multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, with validation by receiver operation characteristic curve analysis. The association between TXN expression and lung cancer was verified by immunohistochemical analysis of the Human Protein Atlas database, as well as by western blotting and qPCR. Cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit-8 after changing TXN expression using lentiviral transfection. Results Twenty differentially expressed oxidative stress genes were identified. Differential expression analysis identified five genes (CASP3, CAT, TXN, GSR, and HSPA4) and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis identified four genes (IL-6, CYCS, TXN, and BCL2) that differed significantly in lung cancer and normal lung tissue, indicating that TXN was an optimal differentially expressed gene. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that T stage (T3/T4), N stage (N2/N3), curative effect (progressive diseases) and high TXN expression were associated with poor survival, although high TXN expression was poorly predictive of overall survival. TXN was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of TXN suppressed cell proliferation, while overexpression of TXN enhanced cell proliferation. Conclusion High expression of TXN plays an important role in lung cancer development and prognosis. Because it is a prospective prognostic factor, targeting TXN may have clinical benefits in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Wang P, Chapron J, Bennani S, Revel MP, Wislez M. [Lung cancer screening: Update, news and perspectives]. Bull Cancer 2023; 110:42-54. [PMID: 36496261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in France and worldwide (20 % of cancer deaths). This mortality is partly linked to an overrepresentation of metastatic stages at diagnosis (approximately 55 % of lung cancers at diagnosis). Low-dose chest CT in a target population to detect early forms accessible to radical treatment has been evaluated through multiple randomized trials (NLST, NELSON, MILD, DANTE…). These trials demonstrated a reduction in lung cancer specific mortality. The current problem is to integrate a CT screening policy CT at a national level, which should be both efficient and cost-effective, while presenting the least harms for the eligible population. Finally, it is necessary to optimize the participation of the eligible population and particularly in the most deprived areas and ensure the proper implementation of smoking cessation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Wang
- AP-HP, hôpital Cochin, université Paris Cité, unité d'oncologie thoracique, service de pneumologie, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Chapron
- AP-HP, hôpital Cochin, université Paris Cité, unité d'oncologie thoracique, service de pneumologie, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Souhail Bennani
- AP-HP, hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Cité, service de radiologie, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Revel
- AP-HP, hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Cité, service de radiologie, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marie Wislez
- AP-HP, hôpital Cochin, université Paris Cité, unité d'oncologie thoracique, service de pneumologie, 75014 Paris, France; Université de Paris, centre de recherche des cordeliers, sorbonne université, Inserm, Team Inflammation, Complement, and Cancer, 75006 Paris, France.
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Xie B, Chen X, Deng Q, Shi K, Xiao J, Zou Y, Yang B, Guan A, Yang S, Dai Z, Xie H, He S, Chen Q. Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Population-Based Study. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:5698582. [PMID: 36536690 PMCID: PMC9759395 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5698582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish an effective and accurate prognostic nomogram for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Patients and Methods. 62,355 LUAD patients from 1975 to 2016 enrolled in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were randomly and equally divided into the training cohort (n = 31,179) and the validation cohort (n = 31,176). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses screened the predictive effects of each variable on survival. The concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to examine and validate the predictive accuracy of the nomogram. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate overall survival (OS). RESULTS 10 prognostic factors associated with OS were identified, including age, sex, race, marital status, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM stage, tumor size, grade, and primary site. A nomogram was established based on these results. C-indexes of the nomogram model reached 0.777 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.773 to 0.781) and 0.779 (95% CI, 0.775 to 0.783) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curves were well-fitted for both cohorts. The AUC for the 3- and 5-year OS presented great prognostic accuracy in the training cohort (AUC = 0.832 and 0.827, respectively) and validation cohort (AUC = 0.835 and 0.828, respectively). The Kaplan-Meier curves presented significant differences in OS among the groups. CONCLUSION The nomogram allows accurate and comprehensive prognostic prediction for patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ke Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Baishuang Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Anqi Guan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shasha Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ziyu Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Huayan Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shuya He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Geriatrics,Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Yuan H, Tan X, Sun X, He L, Li D, Jiang L. Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT and sarcopenia in untreated non-small cell lung cancer with advanced stage. Jpn J Radiol 2022; 41:521-530. [PMID: 36480105 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-022-01369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is essential in managing advanced stage (III-IV) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but is laborious to diagnose using currently available method. This study aimed to establish a simple approach to predict sarcopenia using 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters and clinical characteristics and determine their roles in prognostication in advanced stage NSCLC. METHODS Untreated 202 NSCLC patients with stage III-IV were retrospectively reviewed. Sarcopenia was defined using the skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured at the third lumbar vertebra (L3). 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters of maximum standard uptake value, metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion glycolysis of the primary tumor (SUVmax_T, MTV_T, and TLG_T) and of whole-body lesions (MTV_WB and TLG_WB) were measured. Besides, SUVmax of the psoas major muscle (SUVmax_Muscle) was measured at the L3 level. The diagnostic endpoint was the probability of sarcopenia, and the survival endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Among the enrolled 202 patients, 82 (40.6%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Higher age, male, lower BMI, and lower SUVmax_Muscle were correlated with a higher incidence of sarcopenia (P < 0.05), while age, sex, BMI, and SUVmax_Muscle were independently predictive of sarcopenia, and thus were utilized to construct a nomogram model. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that sarcopenia score derived from the nomogram model, sarcopenia, stage, and TLG_WB were independently predictive of both PFS and OS. CONCLUSION The incidence of sarcopenia increased with declining SUVmax_Muscle in advanced stage NSCLC. Our model using age, sex, BMI, and SUVmax_Muscle might be substituted for the complicated measurement of SMI. After adjustment by stage and TLG_WB, both sarcopenia score and sarcopenia were found to be independently predictive of PFS and OS.
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The Overview of Perspectives of Clinical Application of Liquid Biopsy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101640. [PMID: 36295075 PMCID: PMC9604747 DOI: 10.3390/life12101640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard diagnostics procedure for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) requires a pathological evaluation of tissue samples obtained by surgery or biopsy, which are considered invasive sampling procedures. Due to this fact, re-sampling of the primary tumor at the moment of progression is limited and depends on the patient’s condition, even if it could reveal a mechanism of resistance to applied therapy. Recently, many studies have indicated that liquid biopsy could be provided for the noninvasive management of NSCLC patients who receive molecularly targeted therapies or immunotherapy. The liquid biopsy of neoplastic patients harbors small fragments of circulating-free DNA (cfDNA) and cell-free RNA (cfRNA) secreted to the circulation from normal cells, as well as a subset of tumor-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). In NSCLC patients, a longitudinal assessment of genetic alterations in “druggable” genes in liquid biopsy might improve the follow-up of treatment efficacy and allow for the detection of an early progression before it is detectable in computed tomography or a clinical image. However, a liquid biopsy may be used to determine a variety of relevant molecular or genetic information for understanding tumor biology and its evolutionary trajectories. Thus, liquid biopsy is currently associated with greater hope for common diagnostic and clinical applications. In this review, we would like to highlight diagnostic challenges in the application of liquid biopsy into the clinical routine and indicate its implications on the metastatic spread of NSCLC or monitoring of personalized treatment regimens.
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Hsu EC, Wu KL, Tsai YM, Lee MH, Tsai MJ, Kuo CY, Liu YC, Liang FW, Yang CJ, Hung JY. Real-world treatment pattern and prognostic factors of stage IV lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:1001-1011. [PMID: 36214468 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) represents a minor proportion of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring a poor prognosis. Herein, retrospective medical record research was performed to investigate real-world treatment patterns and identify the prognostic factors among LUSC patients. A total of 173 patients with a median age of 68 years were enrolled for analysis. Males were predominant (n = 143, 83%) and current or ex-smokers contributed to 78% of the entire cohort. Pleura and lung were the most common metastatic sites, whereas brain metastasis was only 7%. After diagnosis, however, only 107 patients (62%) had received first-line chemotherapy. In the chemotherapy cohort, median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 3.9 and 11.1 months, respectively. After multivariable analysis, bone metastasis and the use of first-line single-agent chemotherapy independently predicted shorter PFS. For baseline characteristics, male sex, metastasis to lung, pleura, liver, and bone independently predicted worse OS. Regarding the treatment pattern, patients who had undergone standard first-line doublet therapy and employed targeted therapies after disease progression linked to longer OS. In the real world, even those who underwent chemotherapy still had poor outcome. The findings may help clinicians to orchestrate the treatment strategies for LUSC patients and provide further direction of large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Chi Hsu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Liu
- Clinical Trial Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Wen Liang
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Identification of Prognostic Genes and Immune Landscape Signatures Based on Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6703053. [PMID: 36033829 PMCID: PMC9411923 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6703053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common lung cancer subtype and accounts for the highest proportion of cancer-related deaths. The tumor microenvironment influences prognostic outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Materials and Methods We used the ESTIMATE algorithm (Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data) to investigate the role of microenvironment-related genes and stromal cells in lung adenocarcinoma prognosis. This analysis was done on lung adenocarcinoma cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The cases were divided into high and low groups on the basis of immune and stromal scores, respectively. Results There were close correlations between immune scores with prognosis and disease stage. There were 367 differentially expressed genes. Combining the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we found 14 prognosis-related genes. Results There were close correlations between immune scores with prognosis and disease stage. There were 367 differentially expressed genes. Combining the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we found 14 prognosis-related genes. Results. Based on the enrichment levels of the immune cell types, we clustered LUAD into Immunity_H and Immunity_L subtypes. Most of these genes were upregulated in Immunity_H subtype. Finally, using the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) databases, most of the proteins corresponding to prognostic genes were verified to be differentially expressed between the tumor and normal groups. Conclusions The key genes identified in this study are involved in molecular mechanisms of LUAD.
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Sobolewski C, Dubuquoy L, Legrand N. MicroRNAs, Tristetraprolin Family Members and HuR: A Complex Interplay Controlling Cancer-Related Processes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143516. [PMID: 35884580 PMCID: PMC9319505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary AU-rich Element Binding Proteins (AUBPs) represent important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression by regulating mRNA decay and/or translation. Importantly, AUBPs can interfere with microRNA-dependent regulation by (i) competing with the same binding sites on mRNA targets, (ii) sequestering miRNAs, thereby preventing their binding to their specific targets or (iii) promoting miRNA-dependent regulation. These data highlight a new paradigm where both miRNA and RNA binding proteins form a complex regulatory network involved in physiological and pathological processes. However, this interplay is still poorly considered, and our current models do not integrate this level of complexity, thus potentially giving misleading interpretations regarding the role of these regulators in human cancers. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the crosstalks existing between HuR, tristetraprolin family members and microRNA-dependent regulation. Abstract MicroRNAs represent the most characterized post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Their altered expression importantly contributes to the development of a wide range of metabolic and inflammatory diseases but also cancers. Accordingly, a myriad of studies has suggested novel therapeutic approaches aiming at inhibiting or restoring the expression of miRNAs in human diseases. However, the influence of other trans-acting factors, such as long-noncoding RNAs or RNA-Binding-Proteins, which compete, interfere, or cooperate with miRNAs-dependent functions, indicate that this regulatory mechanism is much more complex than initially thought, thus questioning the current models considering individuals regulators. In this review, we discuss the interplay existing between miRNAs and the AU-Rich Element Binding Proteins (AUBPs), HuR and tristetraprolin family members (TTP, BRF1 and BRF2), which importantly control the fate of mRNA and whose alterations have also been associated with the development of a wide range of chronic disorders and cancers. Deciphering the interplay between these proteins and miRNAs represents an important challenge to fully characterize the post-transcriptional regulation of pro-tumorigenic processes and design new and efficient therapeutic approaches.
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