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Wang D, Chen K, Wang Z, Wu H, Li Y. Research progress on interferon and cellular senescence. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70000. [PMID: 39157951 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400808rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Since the 12 major signs of aging were revealed in 2023, people's interpretation of aging will go further, which is of great significance for understanding the occurrence, development, and intervention in the aging process. As one of the 12 major signs of aging, cellular senescence refers to the process in which the proliferation and differentiation ability of cells decrease under stress stimulation or over time, often manifested as changes in cell morphology, cell cycle arrest, and decreased metabolic function. Interferon (IFN), as a secreted ligand for specific cell surface receptors, can trigger the transcription of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and play an important role in cellular senescence. In addition, IFN serves as an important component of SASP, and the activation of the IFN signaling pathway has been shown to contribute to cell apoptosis and senescence. It is expected to delay cellular senescence by linking IFN with cellular senescence and studying the effects of IFN on cellular senescence and its mechanism. This article provides a review of the research on the relationship between IFN and cellular senescence by consulting relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, P.R. China
| | - Huali Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Even Z, Meli AP, Tyagi A, Vidyarthi A, Briggs N, de Kouchkovsky DA, Kong Y, Wang Y, Waizman DA, Rice TA, De Kumar B, Wang X, Palm NW, Craft J, Basu MK, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV. The amalgam of naive CD4 + T cell transcriptional states is reconfigured by helminth infection to dampen the amplitude of the immune response. Immunity 2024; 57:1893-1907.e6. [PMID: 39096910 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Naive CD4+ T cells in specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice are characterized by transcriptional heterogeneity and subpopulations distinguished by the expression of quiescence, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytoskeleton, type I interferon (IFN-I) response, memory-like, and T cell receptor (TCR) activation genes. We demonstrate that this constitutive heterogeneity, including the presence of the IFN-I response cluster, is commensal independent insofar as being identical in germ-free and SPF mice. By contrast, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection altered this constitutive heterogeneity. Naive T cell-intrinsic transcriptional changes acquired during helminth infection correlated with and accounted for decreased immunization response to an unrelated antigen. These compositional and functional changes were dependent variables of helminth infection, as they disappeared at the established time point of its clearance in mice. Collectively, our results indicate that the naive T cell pool is subject to dynamic transcriptional changes in response to certain environmental cues, which in turn permutes the magnitude of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Even
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Alexandre P Meli
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Antariksh Tyagi
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Aurobind Vidyarthi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Neima Briggs
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Internal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - Yong Kong
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yaqiu Wang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Daniel A Waizman
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tyler A Rice
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Bony De Kumar
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Xusheng Wang
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Noah W Palm
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Joe Craft
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Malay K Basu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Roslund MI, Nurminen N, Oikarinen S, Puhakka R, Grönroos M, Puustinen L, Kummola L, Parajuli A, Cinek O, Laitinen OH, Hyöty H, Sinkkonen A. Skin exposure to soil microbiota elicits changes in cell-mediated immunity to pneumococcal vaccine. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18573. [PMID: 39127736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A resilient immune system is characterized by its capacity to respond appropriately to challenges, such as infections, and it is crucial in vaccine response. Here we report a paired randomized intervention-control trial in which we evaluated the effect of microbially rich soil on immune resilience and pneumococcal vaccine response. Twenty-five age and sex matched pairs of volunteers were randomized to intervention and control groups. The intervention group rubbed hands three times a day in microbially rich soil until participants received a pneumococcal vaccine on day 14. Vaccine response, skin and gut bacteriome and blood cytokine levels were analyzed on days 0, 14 and 35. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with vaccine components and autoclaved soil for cytokine production. Commensal bacterial community shifted only in the intervention group during the 14-day intervention period. When PBMCs collected on day 14 before the vaccination were stimulated with the vaccine components, IFN-y production increased in the intervention but not in the control group. On day 35, vaccination induced a robust antibody response in both groups. In parallel, gut bacterial community was associated with TGF-β plasma levels and TGF-β decrease in plasma was lower in the intervention group. The results indicate that exposure to microbially rich soil can modulate the cell-mediated immunity to components in pneumococcal vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja I Roslund
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Luke, Viikki and Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Nurminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sami Oikarinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Riikka Puhakka
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Mira Grönroos
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Leena Puustinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Kummola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anirudra Parajuli
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ondřej Cinek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, V Úvalu 84, Praha 5, 150 06, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olli H Laitinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Luke, Viikki and Turku, Finland.
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Thiele RJ, Grünhagel B, Muenchhoff M, Pujantell-Graell M, Jocham L, Düsedau A, Hennesen J, Hildebrandt H, Hagen SH, Sandfort D, Bunders MJ, Keppler OT, Hoffmann C, Altfeld M. Magnitude of Type I Interferon Responses by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells After TLR7 Stimulation Is Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Reservoir Sizes in Cisgender Women With HIV-1 on Antiretroviral Therapy. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1781-1785. [PMID: 38385222 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease manifestations differ between cisgender women and men, including better control of viral replication during primary infection and less frequent residual HIV-1 replication on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in cisgender women with HIV-1 (WWH). Investigating plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) functions and HIV-1 reservoir sizes in 20 WWH on stable ART, we observed inverse correlations between interferon-α and tumor necrosis factor responses of pDCs to Toll-like receptor 7/8 stimulation and intact/total proviral HIV-1 DNA levels. Additionally, ISG15 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlated with cytokine responses of pDCs. These findings demonstrate an association between higher type I interferon responses and lower HIV-1 reservoir sizes in WWH on ART, warranting studies to identify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca-Jo Thiele
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg
| | | | - Maximilian Muenchhoff
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg and Munich
| | | | - Linda Jocham
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg and Munich
| | - Arne Düsedau
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg
| | - Jana Hennesen
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg
| | - Heike Hildebrandt
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg
| | | | - Deborah Sandfort
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg
| | - Madeleine J Bunders
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg
- Center for Internal Medicine, III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Oliver T Keppler
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Munich
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg and Munich
| | | | - Marcus Altfeld
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg and Munich
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Deng X, Lv C, Wang T, Guo J, Luo R, Qi J, Sima M, Yue D, Gao Y. Antiviral activity of theaflavins against Zika virus in vivo and in vitro. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:571-578. [PMID: 38036028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence and infection of the Zika virus (ZIKV) have recently posed a major threat to global public health security. However, there is currently a lack of specific vaccines and effective antiviral drugs for ZIKV infection. METHODS Theaflavins TF1 and TF2 were selected by evaluating the anti-Zika virus activity of four kinds of theaflavins in vitro. Subsequently, in vivo, we investigated the effects of TF1 and TF2 on weight, survival, tissue viral load, and cytokines in ZIKV-infected mice. RESULTS We compared the anti-ZIKV activity of four theaflavins (TFs) in cells and found that TF1 and TF2b significantly inhibited the replication of ZIKV/Z16006 toxic strain in BHK and Vero cells by inhibiting the replication and release of ZIKV, while no similar effects were observed for TF2a and TF3. In vivo assay, we only found that TF2b improved the survival rate of infected mice. In tissues of ZIKV-infected mice, the viral load was higher in spleen and blood, followed by liver, epididymis, and testis, the lowest in muscle. Additionally, TF2b treatment significantly reduced the expression of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CXCL10) induced by ZIKV infection. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that TF2b has a potent antiviral effect and can be used as a potential candidate for the treatment of ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Deng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Chaoxiang Lv
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China; The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China; College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Rongbo Luo
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Mingwei Sima
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Donghui Yue
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
| | - Yuwei Gao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, China.
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Moinuddin A, Poznanski SM, Portillo AL, Monteiro JK, Ashkar AA. Metabolic adaptations determine whether natural killer cells fail or thrive within the tumor microenvironment. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:19-39. [PMID: 38459782 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are a top contender in the development of adoptive cell therapies for cancer due to their diverse antitumor functions and ability to restrict their activation against nonmalignant cells. Despite their success in hematologic malignancies, NK cell-based therapies have been limited in the context of solid tumors. Tumor cells undergo various metabolic adaptations to sustain the immense energy demands that are needed to support their rapid and uncontrolled proliferation. As a result, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is depleted of nutrients needed to fuel immune cell activity and contains several immunosuppressive metabolites that hinder NK cell antitumor functions. Further, we now know that NK cell metabolic status is a main determining factor of their effector functions. Hence, the ability of NK cells to withstand and adapt to these metabolically hostile conditions is imperative for effective and sustained antitumor activity in the TME. With this in mind, we review the consequences of metabolic hostility in the TME on NK cell metabolism and function. We also discuss tumor-like metabolic programs in NK cell induced by STAT3-mediated expansion that adapt NK cells to thrive in the TME. Finally, we examine how other approaches can be applied to enhance NK cell metabolism in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Moinuddin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie M Poznanski
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana L Portillo
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan K Monteiro
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali A Ashkar
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Ho VWT, Boon LH, Cui J, Juequn Z, Shunmuganathan B, Gupta R, Tan NYJ, Qian X, Purushotorman K, Fong S, Renia L, Ng LFP, Angeli V, Chen J, Kennedy BK, Ong CWM, Macary PA. Relative deficiency in interferon-γ-secreting CD4+ T cells is strongly associated with poorer COVID-19 vaccination responses in older adults. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14099. [PMID: 38317404 PMCID: PMC11019126 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the two-dose mRNA vaccination regime provides protection against SARS-CoV-2, older adults have been shown to exhibit poorer vaccination responses. In addition, the role of vaccine-induced T-cell responses is not well characterised. We aim to assess the impact of age on immune responses after two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, focussing on antigen-specific T-cells. A prospective 3-month study was conducted on 15 young (median age 31 years, interquartile range (IQR) 25-35 years) and 14 older adults (median age 72 years, IQR 70-73 years). We assessed functional, neutralising antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants using ACE-2 inhibition assays, and changes in B and T-cell subsets by high-dimensional flow cytometry. Antigen-specific T-cell responses were also quantified by intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry. Older adults had attenuated T-helper (Th) response to vaccination, which was associated with weaker antibody responses and decreased SARS-CoV-2 neutralisation. Antigen-specific interferon-γ (IFNγ)-secreting CD4+ T-cells to wild-type and Omicron antigens increased in young adults, which was strongly positively correlated with their neutralising antibody responses. Conversely, this relationship was negative in older adults. Hence, older adults' relative IFNγ-secreting CD4+ T cell deficiency might explain their poorer COVID-19 vaccination responses. Further exploration into the aetiology is needed and would be integral in developing novel vaccination strategies and improving infection outcomes in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda W. T. Ho
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
- Immunology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Low Heng Boon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Jianzhou Cui
- Immunology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- NUS Immunology Program, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- NUS‐Cambridge Immune Phenotyping Centre (NCIPC), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Zhou Juequn
- Metabolic Core, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Bhuvaneshwari Shunmuganathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- NUS‐Cambridge Immune Phenotyping Centre (NCIPC), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Rashi Gupta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- NUS‐Cambridge Immune Phenotyping Centre (NCIPC), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Nikki Y. J. Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- NUS‐Cambridge Immune Phenotyping Centre (NCIPC), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Xinlei Qian
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Kiren Purushotorman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- NUS‐Cambridge Immune Phenotyping Centre (NCIPC), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Siew‐Wai Fong
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
| | - Laurent Renia
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
| | - Lisa F. P. Ng
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
| | - Veronique Angeli
- Immunology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Immunology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
| | - Brian K. Kennedy
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Catherine W. M. Ong
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and TechnologyNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Paul A. Macary
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- NUS‐Cambridge Immune Phenotyping Centre (NCIPC), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Antibody Engineering Programme, Life Sciences InstituteNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
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Smits HH, Jochems SP. Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230266. [PMID: 39009407 PMCID: PMC11262623 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0266-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections frequently lead to severe respiratory disease, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, individuals with chronic lung conditions and older adults, resulting in hospitalisation and, in some cases, fatalities. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in monitoring for, and initiating responses to, viruses, maintaining a state of preparedness through the constant expression of antimicrobial defence molecules. Throughout the course of infection, innate immunity remains actively involved, contributing to viral clearance and damage control, with pivotal contributions from airway epithelial cells and resident and newly recruited immune cells. In instances where viral infections persist or are not effectively eliminated, innate immune components prominently contribute to the resulting pathophysiological consequences. Even though both young children and older adults are susceptible to severe respiratory disease caused by various respiratory viruses, the underlying mechanisms may differ significantly. Children face the challenge of developing and maturing their immunity, while older adults contend with issues such as immune senescence and inflammaging. This review aims to compare the innate immune responses in respiratory viral infections across both age groups, identifying common central hubs that could serve as promising targets for innovative therapeutic and preventive strategies, despite the apparent differences in underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermelijn H Smits
- Leiden University Center of Infectious Disease (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simon P Jochems
- Leiden University Center of Infectious Disease (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Oh B, Park SC, Yang MS, Yang D, Ham G, Tark D, You MJ, Oh SI, Kim B. Difference in Intraspecies Transmissibility of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Depending on Abrogating Type 1 Interferon Signaling in Mice. Viruses 2024; 16:401. [PMID: 38543766 PMCID: PMC10974630 DOI: 10.3390/v16030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a tick-borne zoonotic disease, is caused by infection with SFTS virus (SFTSV). A previous study reported that human-to-human direct transmission of SFTSV can occur. However, potential animal-to-animal transmission of SFTSV without ticks has not been fully clarified. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate potential mice-to-mice transmission of SFTSV by co-housing three groups of mice [i.e., wild-type mice (WT), mice injected with an anti-type I interferon-α receptor-blocking antibody (IFNAR Ab), and mice with knockout of type I interferon-α receptor (IFNAR KO)] as spreaders or recipients with different immune competence. As a result, co-housed IFNAR Ab and IFNAR KO mice showed body weight loss with SFTS viral antigens detected in their sera, extracorporeal secretions, and various organs. Based on histopathology, white pulp atrophy in the spleen was observed in all co-housed mice except WT mice. These results obviously show that IFNAR Ab and IFNAR KO mice, as spreaders, exhibited higher transmissibility to co-housed mice than WT mice. Moreover, IFNAR KO mice, as recipients, were more susceptible to SFTSV infection than WT mice. These findings suggest that type I interferon signaling is a pivotal factor in mice intraspecies transmissibility of SFTSV in the absence of vectors such as ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungkwan Oh
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
| | - Seok-Chan Park
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
| | - Myeon-Sik Yang
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
| | - Daram Yang
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
| | - Gaeul Ham
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
| | - Dongseob Tark
- Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, 820-120, Hana-ro, Iksan 54531, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myung Jo You
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
| | - Sang-Ik Oh
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (B.O.); (S.-C.P.); (M.-S.Y.); (D.Y.); (G.H.); (M.J.Y.); (S.-I.O.)
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10
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Aguiar Santiago JA, Marrero Miragaya MA, Figueroa Oliva DA, Aguilar Juanes A, Idavoy Corona A, Martínez Fernández S, Morán Bertot I, Rodríguez Hernández M, Canales López E, Hernández Esteves I, Silva Girado JA, Estrada Vázquez RC, Gell Cuesta O, Mendoza-Marí Y, Valdés Prado I, Rodríguez Ibarra C, Palenzuela Gardon DO, Pentón Arias E, Guillén Nieto G, Aguilar Rubido JC. Preparing for the Next Pandemic: Increased Expression of Interferon-Stimulated Genes After Local Administration of Nasalferon or HeberNasvac. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:95-102. [PMID: 38118108 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
HeberNasvac, a therapeutic vaccine for chronic hepatitis B, is able to safely stimulate multiple Toll-like receptors, increasing antigen presentation in vitro and in a phase II clinical trial (Profira) in elderly volunteers who were household contacts of respiratory infection patients. Thus, a new indication as a postexposure prophylaxis or early therapy for respiratory infections has been proposed. In this study, we evaluated the expression of several interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) after mucosal administration of HeberNasvac and compared this effect with the nasal delivery of interferon alpha 2b (Nasalferon). Molecular studies of blood samples of 50 subjects from the Profira clinical trial who were locally treated with HeberNasvac or Nasalferon and concurrent untreated individuals were compared based on their relative mRNA expression of OAS1, ISG15, ISG20, STAT1, STAT3, and DRB1-HLA II genes. In most cases, the gene expression induced by HeberNasvac was similar in profile and intensity to the expression induced by Nasalferon and significantly superior to that observed in untreated controls. The immune stimulatory effect of HeberNasvac on ISGs paved the way for its future use as an innate immunity stimulator in elderly persons and immunocompromised subjects or as part of Mambisa, a nasal vaccine to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivis Morán Bertot
- Plant Molecular Biology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Eduardo Canales López
- Plant Genomic Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | | | - José Angel Silva Girado
- Olinonucleotide Synthesis Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Omar Gell Cuesta
- Olinonucleotide Synthesis Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | - Yssel Mendoza-Marí
- Vaccine Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | - Iris Valdés Prado
- Vaccine Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | - Eduardo Pentón Arias
- Vaccine Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
| | - Gerardo Guillén Nieto
- Vaccine Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Havana, Cuba
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11
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Souquette A, Thomas PG. Variation in the basal immune state and implications for disease. eLife 2024; 13:e90091. [PMID: 38275224 PMCID: PMC10817719 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Analysis of pre-existing immunity and its effects on acute infection often focus on memory responses associated with a prior infectious exposure. However, memory responses occur in the context of the overall immune state and leukocytes must interact with their microenvironment and other immune cells. Thus, it is important to also consider non-antigen-specific factors which shape the composite basal state and functional capacity of the immune system, termed here as I0 ('I naught'). In this review, we discuss the determinants of I0. Utilizing influenza virus as a model, we then consider the effect of I0 on susceptibility to infection and disease severity. Lastly, we outline a mathematical framework and demonstrate how researchers can build and tailor models to specific needs. Understanding how diverse factors uniquely and collectively impact immune competence will provide valuable insights into mechanisms of immune variation, aid in screening for high-risk populations, and promote the development of broadly applicable prophylactic and therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Souquette
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisUnited States
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisUnited States
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12
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Pons MJ, Mayanga-Herrera A, Palomino-Kobayashi LA, Quispe AM, Ugarte-Gil MF. High Anti-Interferon-Alpha Autoantibody Levels in Severe/Critical COVID-19 Patients from Peru. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:565-570. [PMID: 37906115 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune responses through the production of type I interferon-α (anti-IFN-α) play an essential role in the defense against viruses. The autoantibodies (auto-Abs) anti-IFN-α are implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis with higher levels among patients with worse prognoses. The study aimed to assess the levels of anti-IFN-α auto-Abs in Peruvian patients with severe/critical hospitalized COVID-19 compared to asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 outpatients and healthy controls. We analyzed 101 serum samples, including 56 (55.5%) severe/critical, 13 (12.3%) asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 patients, and 32 (32.2%) healthy controls, which we tested using a commercial ELISA anti-IFN-α-auto-Abs kit. We observed seropositivity of 48.2% (26/54) to anti-IFN-α auto-Abs among the severe/critical COVID-19 group, but 0% (0/13) and 3.1% (1/32) among the asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 and healthy groups (P = 0.021), respectively. Furthermore, we observed a significant association between the log10 of anti-IFN-α auto-Abs and the COVID-19 status, with the log10 of anti-IFN-α auto-Abs levels being significantly higher among the severe/critical COVID-19 group compared to the healthy controls (β = 1.20; confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.72-1.67; P < 0.001). Such association remains significant either when adjusted by age and gender (adjusted β = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.62-1.70; P < 0.001) and when adjusted by the subjects' age, gender, and obesity (adjusted β = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.62-1.70; P < 0.001). Despite not measuring neutralizing activity, this study highlights the high frequency of these auto-Abs in the Peruvian population with a worse prognosis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Pons
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas Re-Emergentes, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - Ana Mayanga-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular e Inmunología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Antonio M Quispe
- Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Perú
| | - Manuel F Ugarte-Gil
- Reumathology, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
- Grupo Peruano de Estudio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas, Universidad Científica Del Sur, Lima, Perú
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13
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Thakolwiboon S, Mills EA, Yang J, Doty J, Belkin MI, Cho T, Schultz C, Mao-Draayer Y. Immunosenescence and multiple sclerosis: inflammaging for prognosis and therapeutic consideration. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1234572. [PMID: 37900152 PMCID: PMC10603254 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1234572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive decline of innate and adaptive immune responses, called immunosenescence. This phenomenon links to different multiple sclerosis (MS) disease courses among different age groups. While clinical relapse and active demyelination are mainly related to the altered adaptive immunity, including invasion of T- and B-lymphocytes, impairment of innate immune cell (e.g., microglia, astrocyte) function is the main contributor to disability progression and neurodegeneration. Most patients with MS manifest the relapsing-remitting phenotype at a younger age, while progressive phenotypes are mainly seen in older patients. Current disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) primarily targeting adaptive immunity are less efficacious in older patients, suggesting that immunosenescence plays a role in treatment response. This review summarizes the recent immune mechanistic studies regarding immunosenescence in patients with MS and discusses the clinical implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth A. Mills
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer Yang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jonathan Doty
- Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, Farmington Hills, MI, United States
| | - Martin I. Belkin
- Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, Farmington Hills, MI, United States
| | - Thomas Cho
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Charles Schultz
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yang Mao-Draayer
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, Farmington Hills, MI, United States
- Autoimmune Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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14
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Bellucci G, Albanese A, Rizzi C, Rinaldi V, Salvetti M, Ristori G. The value of Interferon β in multiple sclerosis and novel opportunities for its anti-viral activity: a narrative literature review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161849. [PMID: 37334371 PMCID: PMC10275407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-beta (IFN-β) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is turning 30. The COVID-19 pandemic rejuvenated the interest in interferon biology in health and disease, opening translational opportunities beyond neuroinflammation. The antiviral properties of this molecule are in accord with the hypothesis of a viral etiology of MS, for which a credible culprit has been identified in the Epstein-Barr Virus. Likely, IFNs are crucial in the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as demonstrated by inherited and acquired impairments of the interferon response that predispose to a severe COVID-19 course. Accordingly, IFN-β exerted protection against SARS-CoV-2 in people with MS (pwMS). In this viewpoint, we summarize the evidence on IFN-β mechanisms of action in MS with a focus on its antiviral properties, especially against EBV. We synopsize the role of IFNs in COVID-19 and the opportunities and challenges of IFN-β usage for this condition. Finally, we leverage the lessons learned in the pandemic to suggest a role of IFN-β in long-COVID-19 and in special MS subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Bellucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Albanese
- Merck Serono S.p.A., An Affiliate of Merck KGaA, Rome, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Caterina Rizzi
- Merck Serono S.p.A., An Affiliate of Merck KGaA, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Rinaldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ristori
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies (CENTERS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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15
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Severe COVID-19 patients have impaired plasmacytoid dendritic cell-mediated control of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Commun 2023; 14:694. [PMID: 36755036 PMCID: PMC9907212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I and III interferons (IFN-I/λ) are important antiviral mediators against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we demonstrate that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are the predominant IFN-I/λ source following their sensing of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. Mechanistically, this short-range sensing by pDCs requires sustained integrin-mediated cell adhesion with infected cells. In turn, pDCs restrict viral spread by an IFN-I/λ response directed toward SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. This specialized function enables pDCs to efficiently turn-off viral replication, likely via a local response at the contact site with infected cells. By exploring the pDC response in SARS-CoV-2 patients, we further demonstrate that pDC responsiveness inversely correlates with the severity of the disease. The pDC response is particularly impaired in severe COVID-19 patients. Overall, we propose that pDC activation is essential to control SARS-CoV-2-infection. Failure to develop this response could be important to understand severe cases of COVID-19.
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16
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Zinatizadeh MR, Zarandi PK, Ghiasi M, Kooshki H, Mohammadi M, Amani J, Rezaei N. Immunosenescence and inflamm-ageing in COVID-19. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 84:101818. [PMID: 36516928 PMCID: PMC9741765 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The destructive effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the elderly and people with cardiovascular disease have been proven. New findings shed light on the role of aging pathways on life span and health age. New therapies that focus on aging-related pathways may positively impact the treatment of this acute respiratory infection. Using new therapies that boost the level of the immune system can support the elderly with co-morbidities against the acute form of COVID-19. This article discusses the effect of the aging immune system against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the pathways affecting this severity of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zinatizadeh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,Cancer Biology Signaling Pathway Interest Group (CBSPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Kheirandish Zarandi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,Cancer Biology Signaling Pathway Interest Group (CBSPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghiasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Kooshki
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozafar Mohammadi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Schmitz CRR, Maurmann RM, Guma FTCR, Bauer ME, Barbé-Tuana FM. cGAS-STING pathway as a potential trigger of immunosenescence and inflammaging. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1132653. [PMID: 36926349 PMCID: PMC10011111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1132653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an increased incidence of autoimmune diseases, despite the progressive decline of immune responses (immunosenescence). This apparent paradox can be explained by the age-related chronic low-grade systemic inflammation (inflammaging) and progressive dysregulation of innate signaling. During cellular aging, there is an accumulation of damaged DNA in the cell's cytoplasm, which serves as ubiquitous danger-associated molecule, promptly recognized by DNA sensors. For instance, the free cytoplasmic DNA can be recognized, by DNA-sensing molecules like cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase linked to a stimulator of interferon genes), triggering transcriptional factors involved in the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. However, the contribution of this pathway to the aging immune system remains largely unknown. Here, we highlight recent advances in understanding the biology of the cGAS-STING pathway, its influence on the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and its modulation of the immune system during sterile inflammation. We propose that this important stress sensor of DNA damage is also a trigger of immunosenescence and inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Raquel Richter Schmitz
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas - Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Moura Maurmann
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fatima T C R Guma
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Biológicas - Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Moisés Evandro Bauer
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Neuroimunomodulação (INCT-NIM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia Biomédica, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Florencia Maria Barbé-Tuana
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular da Escola de Ciências da Saúde da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Pediatria e Saúde da Criança da Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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18
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Moser C, Li JZ, Eron JJ, Aga E, Daar ES, Wohl DA, Coombs RW, Javan AC, Bender Ignacio RA, Jagannathan P, Ritz J, Sieg SF, Parikh UM, Hughes MD, Currier JS, Smith DM, Chew KW. Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 RNA From Nasopharyngeal Swabs and Concordance With Other Compartments in Nonhospitalized Adults With Mild to Moderate COVID-19. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac618. [PMID: 36467293 PMCID: PMC9709705 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying characteristics associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA shedding may be useful to understand viral compartmentalization, disease pathogenesis, and risks for viral transmission. Methods Participants were enrolled August 2020 to February 2021 in ACTIV-2/A5401, a placebo-controlled platform trial evaluating investigational therapies for mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and underwent quantitative SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing on nasopharyngeal and anterior nasal swabs, oral wash/saliva, and plasma at entry (day 0, pretreatment) and days 3, 7, 14, and 28. Concordance of RNA levels (copies/mL) across compartments and predictors of nasopharyngeal RNA levels were assessed at entry (n = 537). Predictors of changes over time were evaluated among placebo recipients (n = 265) with censored linear regression models. Results Nasopharyngeal and anterior nasal RNA levels at study entry were highly correlated (r = 0.84); higher levels of both were associated with greater detection of RNA in plasma and oral wash/saliva. Older age, White non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, lower body mass index (BMI), SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G seronegativity, and shorter prior symptom duration were associated with higher nasopharyngeal RNA at entry. In adjusted models, body mass index and race/ethnicity associations were attenuated, but the association with age remained (for every 10 years older, mean nasopharyngeal RNA was 0.27 log10 copies/mL higher; P < .001). Examining longitudinal viral RNA levels among placebo recipients, women had faster declines in nasopharyngeal RNA than men (mean change, -2.0 vs -1.3 log10 copies/mL, entry to day 3; P < .001). Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding was concordant across compartments. Age was strongly associated with viral shedding, and men had slower viral clearance than women, which could explain sex differences in acute COVID-19 outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlee Moser
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph J Eron
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Evgenia Aga
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric S Daar
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - David A Wohl
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert W Coombs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Rachel A Bender Ignacio
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Justin Ritz
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott F Sieg
- Department of Medicine, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Urvi M Parikh
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael D Hughes
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Judith S Currier
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Davey M Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kara W Chew
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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19
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Webster SE, Vos D, Rothstein TL, Holodick NE. Modulation of microbiome diversity and cytokine expression is influenced in a sex-dependent manner during aging. FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOMES 2022; 1:994464. [PMID: 37426084 PMCID: PMC10328149 DOI: 10.3389/frmbi.2022.994464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome and immune system have a unique interplay, which influences homeostasis within the organism. Both the microbiome and immune system play important roles in health and diseases of the aged including development of cancer, autoimmune disorders, and susceptibility to infection. Various groups have demonstrated divergent changes in the gut microbiota during aging, yet the compounding factor of biological sex within the context of aging remains incompletely understood, and little is known about the effect of housing location in the composition of gut microbiota in the context of both sex and age. To better understand the roles of sex, aging, and location in influencing the gut microbiome, we obtained normal healthy BALB/cByJ mice from a single source and aged male and female mice in two different geographical locations. The 16S rRNA was analyzed from fecal samples of these mice and cytokine levels were measured from serum.16S rRNA microbiome analysis indicated that both age and sex play a role in microbiome composition, whereas location plays a lesser role in the diversity present. Interestingly, microbiome changes occurred with alterations in serum expression of several different cytokines including IL-10 and IL-6, which were also both differentially regulated in context to sex and aging. We found both IL-10 and IL-6 play a role in the constitutive expression of pSTAT-3 in CD5+ B-1 cells, which are known to regulate the microbiome. Additionally, significant correlations were found between cytokine expression and significantly abundant microbes. Based on these results, we conclude aging mice undergo sex-associated alterations in the gut microbiome and have a distinct cytokine profile. Further, there is significant interplay between B-1 cells and the microbiome which is influenced by aging in a sex-dependent manner. Together, these results illustrate the complex interrelationship among sex, aging, immunity, housing location, and the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Webster
- Center for Immunobiology, Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Duncan Vos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Thomas L. Rothstein
- Center for Immunobiology, Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Nichol E. Holodick
- Center for Immunobiology, Department of Investigative Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
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20
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Torrance BL, Haynes L. Cellular senescence is a key mediator of lung aging and susceptibility to infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1006710. [PMID: 36119079 PMCID: PMC9473698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging results in systemic changes that leave older adults at much higher risk for adverse outcomes following respiratory infections. Much work has been done over the years to characterize and describe the varied changes that occur with aging from the molecular/cellular up to the organismal level. In recent years, the systemic accumulation of senescent cells has emerged as a key mediator of many age-related declines and diseases of aging. Many of these age-related changes can impair the normal function of the respiratory system and its capability to respond appropriately to potential pathogens that are encountered daily. In this review, we aim to establish the effects of cellular senescence on the disruption of normal lung function with aging and describe how these effects compound to leave an aged respiratory system at great risk when exposed to a pathogen. We will also discuss the role cellular senescence may play in the inability of most vaccines to confer protection against respiratory infections when administered to older adults. We posit that cellular senescence may be the point of convergence of many age-related immunological declines. Enhanced investigation into this area could provide much needed insight to understand the aging immune system and how to effectively ameliorate responses to pathogens that continue to disproportionately harm this vulnerable population.
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Biomarkers of Inflammation among Patients with COVID-19: A Single-Centre Prospective Study from Prishtina, Kosovo. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2022; 2022:4461647. [PMID: 35873360 PMCID: PMC9298187 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4461647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the phase of viral replication and inflammatory response predicting the severity of COVID-19. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between IL-6 and hematological and inflammatory parameters and outcomes of patients with COVID-19. Plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and other inflammatory and hematological parameters were analyzed in 86 adult patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Kosovo. The median age of patients was 61.50 (49.75–67.25) years. Over half of patients were categorised as severe (58%) and had comorbidities (69%) with hypertension being the most common. The overall mortality rate was 4.7%. The distribution of biochemical parameters across disease severity groups was significantly different for C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cells (WBC), and granulocytes with higher median values in more severe and critically ill patients whereas lower percentage of lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelet count in severe and critically ill patients. IL-6 levels were increased in 63% of patients with significant differences in the distribution across the following groups; age, disease severity, hospitalisation status, pulmonary infiltrates, oxygen therapy, and hypertension status. IL-6 significantly correlated with CRP, LDH, CK, ESR, and percentages of granulocytes. IL-6 and other inflammatory and hematological parameters were strongly associated with disease severity and may predict the outcome of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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22
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Lee KA, Flores RR, Jang IH, Saathoff A, Robbins PD. Immune Senescence, Immunosenescence and Aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:900028. [PMID: 35821850 PMCID: PMC9261375 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.900028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
With aging, there is increased dysfunction of both innate and adaptive immune responses, which contributes to impaired immune responses to pathogens and greater mortality and morbidity. This age-related immune dysfunction is defined in general as immunosenescence and includes an increase in the number of memory T cells, loss of ability to respond to antigen and a lingering level of low-grade inflammation. However, certain features of immunosenescence are similar to cellular senescence, which is defined as the irreversible loss of proliferation in response to damage and stress. Importantly, senescence cells can develop an inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), that also drives non-autonomous cellular senescence and immune dysfunction. Interestingly, viral infection can increase the extent of immune senescence both directly and indirectly, leading to increased immune dysfunction and inflammation, especially in the elderly. This review focuses on age-related immune dysfunction, cellular senescence and the impaired immune response to pathogens.
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Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a devastating pandemic. Although most people infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop a mild to moderate disease with virus replication restricted mainly to the upper airways, some progress to having a life-threatening pneumonia. In this Review, we explore recent clinical and experimental advances regarding SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and discuss potential mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), specifically focusing on new insights obtained using novel technologies such as single-cell omics, organoid infection models and CRISPR screens. We describe how SARS-CoV-2 may infect the lower respiratory tract and cause alveolar damage as a result of dysfunctional immune responses. We discuss how this may lead to the induction of a 'leaky state' of both the epithelium and the endothelium, promoting inflammation and coagulation, while an influx of immune cells leads to overexuberant inflammatory responses and immunopathology. Finally, we highlight how these findings may aid the development of new therapeutic interventions against COVID-19.
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Garcia C, Compagnon B, Poëtte M, Gratacap MP, Lapébie FX, Voisin S, Minville V, Payrastre B, Vardon-Bounes F, Ribes A. Platelet Versus Megakaryocyte: Who Is the Real Bandleader of Thromboinflammation in Sepsis? Cells 2022; 11:1507. [PMID: 35563812 PMCID: PMC9104300 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are mainly known for their key role in hemostasis and thrombosis. However, studies over the last two decades have shown their strong implication in mechanisms associated with inflammation, thrombosis, and the immune system in various neoplastic, inflammatory, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. During sepsis, platelets amplify the recruitment and activation of innate immune cells at the site of infection and contribute to the elimination of pathogens. In certain conditions, these mechanisms can lead to thromboinflammation resulting in severe organ dysfunction. Here, we discuss the interactions of platelets with leukocytes, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and endothelial cells during sepsis. The intrinsic properties of platelets that generate an inflammatory signal through the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome are discussed. As an example of immunothrombosis, the implication of platelets in vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia is documented. Finally, we discuss the role of megakaryocytes (MKs) in thromboinflammation and their adaptive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Garcia
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (C.G.); (S.V.); (B.P.)
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR1297 and Université Toulouse 3, 31024 Toulouse, France; (B.C.); (M.P.); (M.-P.G.); (F.V.-B.)
| | - Baptiste Compagnon
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR1297 and Université Toulouse 3, 31024 Toulouse, France; (B.C.); (M.P.); (M.-P.G.); (F.V.-B.)
- Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Michaël Poëtte
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR1297 and Université Toulouse 3, 31024 Toulouse, France; (B.C.); (M.P.); (M.-P.G.); (F.V.-B.)
- Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Marie-Pierre Gratacap
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR1297 and Université Toulouse 3, 31024 Toulouse, France; (B.C.); (M.P.); (M.-P.G.); (F.V.-B.)
| | - François-Xavier Lapébie
- Service de Médecine Vasculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Sophie Voisin
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (C.G.); (S.V.); (B.P.)
| | - Vincent Minville
- Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (C.G.); (S.V.); (B.P.)
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR1297 and Université Toulouse 3, 31024 Toulouse, France; (B.C.); (M.P.); (M.-P.G.); (F.V.-B.)
| | - Fanny Vardon-Bounes
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR1297 and Université Toulouse 3, 31024 Toulouse, France; (B.C.); (M.P.); (M.-P.G.); (F.V.-B.)
- Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France;
| | - Agnès Ribes
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse, France; (C.G.); (S.V.); (B.P.)
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm UMR1297 and Université Toulouse 3, 31024 Toulouse, France; (B.C.); (M.P.); (M.-P.G.); (F.V.-B.)
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25
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Dowling JW, Forero A. Beyond Good and Evil: Molecular Mechanisms of Type I and III IFN Functions. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:247-256. [PMID: 35017214 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IFNs are comprised of three families of cytokines that confer protection against pathogen infection and uncontrolled cellular proliferation. The broad role IFNs play in innate and adaptive immune regulation has placed them under heavy scrutiny to position them as "friend" or "foe" across pathologies. Genetic lesions in genes involving IFN synthesis and signaling underscore the disparate outcomes of aberrant IFN signaling. Abrogation of the response leads to susceptibility to microbial infections whereas unabated IFN induction underlies a variety of inflammatory diseases and tumor immune evasion. Type I and III IFNs have overlapping roles in antiviral protection, yet the mechanisms by which they are induced and promote the expression of IFN-stimulated genes and inflammation can distinguish their biological functions. In this review, we examine the molecular factors that shape the shared and distinct roles of type I and III IFNs in immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack W Dowling
- Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; and.,Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Adriana Forero
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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26
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Yang CY, Chen YH, Liu PJ, Hu WC, Lu KC, Tsai KW. The emerging role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of COVID-19: Protective effects of nutraceutical polyphenolic compounds against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1340-1356. [PMID: 35928726 PMCID: PMC9346380 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.76168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause immunosuppression and cytokine storm, leading to lung damage and death. The clinical efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs in preventing viral entry into host cells and suppressing viral replication remains inadequate. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial to the immune response to and pathogenesis of coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. However, the specific roles of miRNAs in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. miRNAs can participate in SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis through at least four possible mechanisms: 1. host cell miRNA expression interfering with SARS-CoV-2 cell entry, 2. SARS-CoV-2-derived RNA transcripts acting as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that may attenuate host cell miRNA expression, 3. host cell miRNA expression modulating SARS-CoV-2 replication, and 4. SARS-CoV-2-encoded miRNAs silencing the expression of host protein-coding genes. SARS-CoV-2-related miRNAs may be used as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for predicting outcomes among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, accumulating evidence suggests that dietary polyphenolic compounds may protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection by modulating host cell miRNA expression. These findings have major implications for the future diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yun Yang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Min-Sheng Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, CHENG HSIN General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jung Liu
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Chung Hu
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
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27
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Chee SEJ, Solito E. The Impact of Ageing on the CNS Immune Response in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738511. [PMID: 34603320 PMCID: PMC8484764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease strongly associated with increasing age. Neuroinflammation and the accumulation of amyloid protein are amongst the hallmarks of this disease and most translational research to date has focused on targeting these two processes. However, the exact etiology of AD remains to be fully elucidated. When compared alongside, the immune response in AD closely resembles the central nervous system (CNS) immune changes seen in elderly individuals. It is possible that AD is a pathological consequence of an aged immune system secondary to chronic stimulation by a previous or ongoing insult. Pathological changes like amyloid accumulation and neuronal cell death may reflect this process of immunosenescence as the CNS immune system fails to maintain homeostasis in the CNS. It is likely that future treatments designed to modulate the aged immune system may prove beneficial in altering the disease course. The development of new tests for appropriate biomarkers would also be essential in screening for patients most likely to benefit from such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan En Jie Chee
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Egle Solito
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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28
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Ligotti ME, Pojero F, Accardi G, Aiello A, Caruso C, Duro G, Candore G. Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, the Immunological Key Words of Severe COVID-19. Is There a Role for Stem Cell Transplantation? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:725606. [PMID: 34595175 PMCID: PMC8477205 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The outcomes of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vary depending on the age, health status and sex of an individual, ranging from asymptomatic to lethal. From an immunologic viewpoint, the final severe lung damage observed in COVID-19 should be caused by cytokine storm, driven mainly by interleukin-6 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, which immunopathogenic status precedes this "cytokine storm" and why the male older population is more severely affected, are currently unanswered questions. The aging of the immune system, i.e., immunosenescence, closely associated with a low-grade inflammatory status called "inflammageing," should play a key role. The remodeling of both innate and adaptive immune response observed with aging can partly explain the age gradient in severity and mortality of COVID-19. This review discusses how aging impacts the immune response to the virus, focusing on possible strategies to rejuvenate the immune system with stem cell-based therapies. Indeed, due to immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a worth-considering option against COVID-19 adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- International Society on Aging and Disease, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Giovanni Duro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Resveratrol as an Adjunctive Therapy for Excessive Oxidative Stress in Aging COVID-19 Patients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091440. [PMID: 34573071 PMCID: PMC8471532 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to burden healthcare systems worldwide. COVID-19 symptoms are highly heterogeneous, and the patient may be asymptomatic or may present with mild to severe or fatal symptoms. Factors, such as age, sex, and comorbidities, are key determinants of illness severity and progression. Aging is accompanied by multiple deficiencies in interferon production by dendritic cells or macrophages in response to viral infections, resulting in dysregulation of inflammatory immune responses and excess oxidative stress. Age-related dysregulation of immune function may cause a more obvious pathophysiological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in elderly patients and may accelerate the risk of biological aging, even after recovery. For more favorable treatment outcomes, inhibiting viral replication and dampening inflammatory and oxidative responses before induction of an overt cytokine storm is crucial. Resveratrol is a potent antioxidant with antiviral activity. Herein, we describe the reasons for impaired interferon production, owing to aging, and the impact of aging on innate and adaptive immune responses to infection, which leads to inflammation distress and immunosuppression, thereby causing fulminant disease. Additionally, the molecular mechanism by which resveratrol could reverse a state of excessive basal inflammatory and oxidative stress and low antiviral immunity is discussed.
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30
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Bartleson JM, Radenkovic D, Covarrubias AJ, Furman D, Winer DA, Verdin E. SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and the Ageing Immune System. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:769-782. [PMID: 34746804 PMCID: PMC8570568 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00114-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health threat with particular risk for severe disease and death in older adults and in adults with age-related metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Recent advances in the science of ageing have highlighted how ageing pathways control not only lifespan but also healthspan, the healthy years of life. Here, we discuss the ageing immune system and its ability to respond to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We specifically focus on the intersect of severe COVID-19 and immunosenescence to highlight pathways that may be determinant for the risk of complications and death following infection with SARS-CoV-2. New or adapted therapeutics that target ageing-associated pathways may be important tools to reduce the burden of death and long-term disability caused by this pandemic. Proposed interventions aimed at immunosenescence could enhance immune function not only in the elderly but in susceptible younger individuals as well, ultimately improving complications of severe COVID-19 for all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dina Radenkovic
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
- Hooke, Health, Longevity Optimisation, London W1J 5RG, UK
| | - Anthony J. Covarrubias
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
| | - David Furman
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- These authors jointly supervised this work
| | - Daniel A. Winer
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- These authors jointly supervised this work
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- These authors jointly supervised this work
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31
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A Murine Model for Enhancement of Streptococcus pneumoniae Pathogenicity upon Viral Infection and Advanced Age. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0047120. [PMID: 34031128 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00471-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) resides asymptomatically in the nasopharynx (NP) but can progress from benign colonizer to lethal pulmonary or systemic pathogen. Both viral infection and aging are risk factors for serious pneumococcal infections. Previous work established a murine model that featured the movement of pneumococcus from the nasopharynx to the lung upon nasopharyngeal inoculation with influenza A virus (IAV) but did not fully recapitulate the severe disease associated with human coinfection. We built upon this model by first establishing pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization, then inoculating both the nasopharynx and lungs with IAV. In young (2-month-old) mice, coinfection triggered bacterial dispersal from the nasopharynx into the lungs, pulmonary inflammation, disease, and mortality in a fraction of mice. In aged mice (18 to 24 months), coinfection resulted in earlier and more severe disease. Aging was not associated with greater bacterial burdens but rather with more rapid pulmonary inflammation and damage. Both aging and IAV infection led to inefficient bacterial killing by neutrophils ex vivo. Conversely, aging and pneumococcal colonization also blunted alpha interferon (IFN-α) production and increased pulmonary IAV burden. Thus, in this multistep model, IAV promotes pneumococcal pathogenicity by modifying bacterial behavior in the nasopharynx, diminishing neutrophil function, and enhancing bacterial growth in the lung, while pneumococci increase IAV burden, likely by compromising a key antiviral response. Thus, this model provides a means to elucidate factors, such as age and coinfection, that promote the evolution of S. pneumoniae from asymptomatic colonizer to invasive pathogen, as well as to investigate consequences of this transition on antiviral defense.
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32
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Epithelial Cell Transformation and Senescence as Indicators of Genome Aging: Current Advances and Unanswered Questions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147544. [PMID: 34299168 PMCID: PMC8303760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent advances in deciphering the human genome allow us to understand and evaluate the mechanisms of human genome age-associated transformations, which are largely unclear. Genome sequencing techniques assure comprehensive mapping of human genetics; however, understanding of gene functional interactions, specifically of time/age-dependent modifications, remain challenging. The age of the genome is defined by the sum of individual (inherited) and acquired genomic traits, based on internal and external factors that impact ontogenesis from the moment of egg fertilization and embryonic development. The biological part of genomic age opens a new perspective for intervention. The discovery of single cell-based mechanisms for genetic change indicates the possibility of influencing aging and associated disease burden, as well as metabolism. Cell populations with transformed genetic background were shown to serve as the origin of common diseases during extended life expectancy (superaging). Consequently, age-related cell transformation leads to cancer and cell degeneration (senescence). This article aims to describe current advances in the genomic mechanisms of senescence and its role in the spatiotemporal spread of epithelial clones and cell evolution.
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