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Stevens J, Tezel O, Bonnefil V, Hapstack M, Atreya MR. Biological basis of critical illness subclasses: from the bedside to the bench and back again. Crit Care 2024; 28:186. [PMID: 38812006 PMCID: PMC11137966 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Critical illness syndromes including sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and acute kidney injury (AKI) are associated with high in-hospital mortality and long-term adverse health outcomes among survivors. Despite advancements in care, clinical and biological heterogeneity among patients continues to hamper identification of efficacious therapies. Precision medicine offers hope by identifying patient subclasses based on clinical, laboratory, biomarker and 'omic' data and potentially facilitating better alignment of interventions. Within the previous two decades, numerous studies have made strides in identifying gene-expression based endotypes and clinico-biomarker based phenotypes among critically ill patients associated with differential outcomes and responses to treatment. In this state-of-the-art review, we summarize the biological similarities and differences across the various subclassification schemes among critically ill patients. In addition, we highlight current translational gaps, the need for advanced scientific tools, human-relevant disease models, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying critical illness subclasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Stevens
- Division of Immunobiology, Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Oğuzhan Tezel
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Valentina Bonnefil
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45627, USA
| | - Matthew Hapstack
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Mihir R Atreya
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45627, USA.
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Park S, Gwon Y, Khan SA, Jang KJ, Kim J. Engineering considerations of iPSC-based personalized medicine. Biomater Res 2023; 27:67. [PMID: 37420273 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalized medicine aims to provide tailored medical treatment that considers the clinical, genetic, and environmental characteristics of patients. iPSCs have attracted considerable attention in the field of personalized medicine; however, the inherent limitations of iPSCs prevent their widespread use in clinical applications. That is, it would be important to develop notable engineering strategies to overcome the current limitations of iPSCs. Such engineering approaches could lead to significant advances in iPSC-based personalized therapy by offering innovative solutions to existing challenges, from iPSC preparation to clinical applications. In this review, we summarize how engineering strategies have been used to advance iPSC-based personalized medicine by categorizing the development process into three distinctive steps: 1) the production of therapeutic iPSCs; 2) engineering of therapeutic iPSCs; and 3) clinical applications of engineered iPSCs. Specifically, we focus on engineering strategies and their implications for each step in the development of iPSC-based personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbae Park
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Nano-Stem Cells Therapeutics, NANOBIOSYSTEM Co, Ltd, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Gwon
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Shahidul Ahmed Khan
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Je Jang
- Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Institute of Smart Farm, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano-Stem Cells Therapeutics, NANOBIOSYSTEM Co, Ltd, Gwangju, 61011, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Cen H, Fan P, Ding Y, Luo B, Luo H, Chen M, Zhang Y. iPSCs ameliorate hypoxia-induced autophagy and atrophy in C2C12 myotubes via the AMPK/ULK1 pathway. Biol Res 2023; 56:29. [PMID: 37270528 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked lethal genetic disorder for which there is no effective treatment. Previous studies have shown that stem cell transplantation into mdx mice can promote muscle regeneration and improve muscle function, however, the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. DMD suffers varying degrees of hypoxic damage during disease progression. This study aimed to investigate whether induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have protective effects against hypoxia-induced skeletal muscle injury. RESULTS In this study, we co-cultured iPSCs with C2C12 myoblasts using a Transwell nested system and placed them in a DG250 anaerobic workstation for oxygen deprivation for 24 h. We found that iPSCs reduced the levels of lactate dehydrogenase and reactive oxygen species and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of BAX/BCL2 and LC3II/LC3I in hypoxia-induced C2C12 myoblasts. Meanwhile, iPSCs decreased the mRNA and protein levels of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 and increased myotube width. Furthermore, iPSCs downregulated the phosphorylation of AMPKα and ULK1 in C2C12 myotubes exposed to hypoxic damage. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that iPSCs enhanced the resistance of C2C12 myoblasts to hypoxia and inhibited apoptosis and autophagy in the presence of oxidative stress. Further, iPSCs improved hypoxia-induced autophagy and atrophy of C2C12 myotubes through the AMPK/ULK1 pathway. This study may provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of muscular dystrophy in stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimei Cen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Pin Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Neurology, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, China
| | - Menglong Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Modeling Reduced Contractility and Stiffness Using iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes Generated From Female Becker Muscular Dystrophy Carrier. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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5
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Fujiwara K, Yamamoto R, Kubota T, Tazumi A, Sabuta T, Takahashi MP, Sakurai H. Mature Myotubes Generated From Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Without Forced Gene Expression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:886879. [PMID: 35706901 PMCID: PMC9189389 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.886879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are a promising tool for disease modeling and drug screening. To apply them to skeletal muscle disorders, it is necessary to establish mature myotubes because the onset of many skeletal muscle disorders is after birth. However, to make mature myotubes, the forced expression of specific genes should be avoided, as otherwise dysregulation of the intracellular networks may occur. Here, we achieved this goal by purifying hiPSC-derived muscle stem cells (iMuSC) by Pax7-fluorescence monitoring and antibody sorting. The resulting myotubes displayed spontaneous self-contraction, aligned sarcomeres, and a triad structure. Notably, the phenotype of sodium channels was changed to the mature type in the course of the differentiation, and a characteristic current pattern was observed. Moreover, the protocol resulted in highly efficient differentiation and high homogeneity and is applicable to drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Fujiwara
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Risa Yamamoto
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kubota
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsutoshi Tazumi
- Laboratory for Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoka Sabuta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masanori P Takahashi
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Sakurai
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Pietrangelo T, Demontis R, Santangelo C, Pini N, Bonelli M, Rosato E, Roberti P, Locatelli M, Tartaglia A, Marramiero L, Verratti V, Bondi D, Fulle S, D’Aloja E, D’Ovidio C. New Perspectives for Postmortem Human Satellite Cells of Different Embryological Origin. Front Physiol 2022; 13:886149. [PMID: 35694403 PMCID: PMC9174741 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.886149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human postmortem skeletal muscles are a unique source of satellite cells for skeletal muscle regenerative studies. Presomite and somite satellite cells obtained by postmortem muscles have been established as populations of human skeletal muscle precursor cells able to proliferate and differentiate in vitro. It is extremely interesting to have access to a large amount of postmortem human skeletal muscle precursor cells, especially from craniofacial as well as limb skeletal muscles in order to evaluate their potential application not only for the fundamental understanding of muscle physiology and diseases but also for drug testing in a challenging 3D-shaping muscles like skeletal muscle microphysiological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Pietrangelo
- Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Cellular Physiology, Department Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Chieti, Italy
- *Correspondence: Tiziana Pietrangelo,
| | - Roberto Demontis
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carmen Santangelo
- Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Cellular Physiology, Department Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Chieti, Italy
| | - Niccolò Pini
- Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Cellular Physiology, Department Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Martina Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Enrica Rosato
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Roberti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Tartaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Marramiero
- Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Cellular Physiology, Department Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Chieti, Italy
| | - Vittore Verratti
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Danilo Bondi
- Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Cellular Physiology, Department Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Fulle
- Laboratory of Functional Evaluation and Cellular Physiology, Department Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Chieti, Italy
| | - Ernesto D’Aloja
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cristian D’Ovidio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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7
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Eintracht J, Harding P, Lima Cunha D, Moosajee M. Efficient embryoid-based method to improve generation of optic vesicles from human induced pluripotent stem cells. F1000Res 2022; 11:324. [PMID: 35811797 PMCID: PMC9218590 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.108829.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models have provided many insights into ocular development and disease, but they remain suboptimal for understanding human oculogenesis. Eye development requires spatiotemporal gene expression patterns and disease phenotypes can differ significantly between humans and animal models, with patient-associated mutations causing embryonic lethality reported in some animal models. The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology has provided a new resource for dissecting the complex nature of early eye morphogenesis through the generation of three-dimensional (3D) cellular models. By using patient-specific hiPSCs to generate in vitro optic vesicle-like models, we can enhance the understanding of early developmental eye disorders and provide a pre-clinical platform for disease modelling and therapeutics testing. A major challenge of in vitro optic vesicle generation is the low efficiency of differentiation in 3D cultures. To address this, we adapted a previously published protocol of retinal organoid differentiation to improve embryoid body formation using a microwell plate. Established morphology, upregulated transcript levels of known early eye-field transcription factors and protein expression of standard retinal progenitor markers confirmed the optic vesicle/presumptive optic cup identity of in vitro models between day 20 and 50 of culture. This adapted protocol is relevant to researchers seeking a physiologically relevant model of early human ocular development and disease with a view to replacing animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Eintracht
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Philippa Harding
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Dulce Lima Cunha
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
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Gao Q, Li Z, Rhee C, Xiang S, Maruyama M, Huang EE, Yao Z, Bunnell BA, Tuan RS, Lin H, Gold MS, Goodman SB. Macrophages Modulate the Function of MSC- and iPSC-Derived Fibroblasts in the Presence of Polyethylene Particles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12837. [PMID: 34884641 PMCID: PMC8657553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts in the synovial membrane secrete molecules essential to forming the extracellular matrix (ECM) and supporting joint homeostasis. While evidence suggests that fibroblasts contribute to the response to joint injury, the outcomes appear to be patient-specific and dependent on interactions between resident immune cells, particularly macrophages (Mφs). On the other hand, the response of Mφs to injury depends on their functional phenotype. The goal of these studies was to further explore these issues in an in vitro 3D microtissue model that simulates a pathophysiological disease-specific microenvironment. Two sources of fibroblasts were used to assess patient-specific influences: mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived fibroblasts. These were co-cultured with either M1 or M2 Mφs, and the cultures were challenged with polyethylene particles coated with lipopolysaccharide (cPE) to model wear debris generated from total joint arthroplasties. Our results indicated that the fibroblast response to cPE was dependent on the source of the fibroblasts and the presence of M1 or M2 Mφs: the fibroblast response as measured by gene expression changes was amplified by the presence of M2 Mφs. These results demonstrate that the immune system modulates the function of fibroblasts; furthermore, different sources of differentiated fibroblasts may lead to divergent results. Overall, our research suggests that M2 Mφs may be a critical target for the clinical treatment of cPE induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gao
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (Q.G.); (C.R.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhong Li
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (Z.L.); (S.X.); (R.S.T.); (H.L.)
| | - Claire Rhee
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (Q.G.); (C.R.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Shiqi Xiang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (Z.L.); (S.X.); (R.S.T.); (H.L.)
| | - Masahiro Maruyama
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (Q.G.); (C.R.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Elijah Ejun Huang
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (Q.G.); (C.R.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (Q.G.); (C.R.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Rocky S. Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (Z.L.); (S.X.); (R.S.T.); (H.L.)
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hang Lin
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; (Z.L.); (S.X.); (R.S.T.); (H.L.)
| | - Michael S. Gold
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA;
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA; (Q.G.); (C.R.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (Z.Y.)
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Wang L, Li H, Li Y, Xu M, Lin J, Liao Z, Pei Z, Zhang C. Generation and characterization of an induced pluripotent stem cell line (ZSYYDNi001-A) from a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy carrying exon 51 deletion in the DMD gene. Stem Cell Res 2021; 56:102553. [PMID: 34619646 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a common hereditary neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. DMD is caused by mutations in the DMD gene, resulting in the dysfunction of dystrophin. We generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) from a patient with DMD carrying exon 51 deletion in the DMD gene. This iPSC line can serve as a model for studying the pathogenesis and therapeutics of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yaqin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Jinfu Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ziyu Liao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Goullée H, Taylor RL, Forrest ARR, Laing NG, Ravenscroft G, Clayton JS. Improved CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in primary human myoblasts using low confluency cultures on Matrigel. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:23. [PMID: 34551826 PMCID: PMC8456651 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-021-00278-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CRISPR/Cas9 is an invaluable tool for studying cell biology and the development of molecular therapies. However, delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components into some cell types remains a major hurdle. Primary human myoblasts are a valuable cell model for muscle studies, but are notoriously difficult to transfect. There are currently no commercial lipofection protocols tailored for primary myoblasts, and most generic guidelines simply recommend transfecting healthy cells at high confluency. This study aimed to maximize CRISPR/Cas9 transfection and editing in primary human myoblasts. Methods Since increased cell proliferation is associated with increased transfection efficiency, we investigated two factors known to influence myoblast proliferation: cell confluency, and a basement membrane matrix, Matrigel. CRISPR/Cas9 editing was performed by delivering Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes via lipofection into primary human myoblasts, cultured in wells with or without a Matrigel coating, at low (~ 40%) or high (~ 80%) confluency. Results Cells transfected at low confluency on Matrigel-coated wells had the highest levels of transfection, and were most effectively edited across three different target loci, achieving a maximum editing efficiency of 93.8%. On average, editing under these conditions was >4-fold higher compared to commercial recommendations (high confluency, uncoated wells). Conclusion This study presents a simple, effective and economical method of maximizing CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in primary human myoblasts. This protocol could be a valuable tool for improving the genetic manipulation of cultured human skeletal muscle cells, and potentially be adapted for use in other cell types. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13395-021-00278-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Goullée
- Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Rhonda L Taylor
- Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Alistair R R Forrest
- Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Nigel G Laing
- Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gianina Ravenscroft
- Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Joshua S Clayton
- Centre for Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia. .,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Boyer O, Butler-Browne G, Chinoy H, Cossu G, Galli F, Lilleker JB, Magli A, Mouly V, Perlingeiro RCR, Previtali SC, Sampaolesi M, Smeets H, Schoewel-Wolf V, Spuler S, Torrente Y, Van Tienen F. Myogenic Cell Transplantation in Genetic and Acquired Diseases of Skeletal Muscle. Front Genet 2021; 12:702547. [PMID: 34408774 PMCID: PMC8365145 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.702547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This article will review myogenic cell transplantation for congenital and acquired diseases of skeletal muscle. There are already a number of excellent reviews on this topic, but they are mostly focused on a specific disease, muscular dystrophies and in particular Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. There are also recent reviews on cell transplantation for inflammatory myopathies, volumetric muscle loss (VML) (this usually with biomaterials), sarcopenia and sphincter incontinence, mainly urinary but also fecal. We believe it would be useful at this stage, to compare the same strategy as adopted in all these different diseases, in order to outline similarities and differences in cell source, pre-clinical models, administration route, and outcome measures. This in turn may help to understand which common or disease-specific problems have so far limited clinical success of cell transplantation in this area, especially when compared to other fields, such as epithelial cell transplantation. We also hope that this may be useful to people outside the field to get a comprehensive view in a single review. As for any cell transplantation procedure, the choice between autologous and heterologous cells is dictated by a number of criteria, such as cell availability, possibility of in vitro expansion to reach the number required, need for genetic correction for many but not necessarily all muscular dystrophies, and immune reaction, mainly to a heterologous, even if HLA-matched cells and, to a minor extent, to the therapeutic gene product, a possible antigen for the patient. Finally, induced pluripotent stem cell derivatives, that have entered clinical experimentation for other diseases, may in the future offer a bank of immune-privileged cells, available for all patients and after a genetic correction for muscular dystrophies and other myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boyer
- Department of Immunology & Biotherapy, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy University, Inserm U1234, Rouen, France
| | - Gillian Butler-Browne
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Hector Chinoy
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Giulio Cossu
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- InSpe and Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - James B. Lilleker
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Magli
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
| | - Rita C. R. Perlingeiro
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Stefano C. Previtali
- InSpe and Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hubert Smeets
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Developmental Biology and Oncology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Verena Schoewel-Wolf
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Spuler
- Muscle Research Unit, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Unit of Neurology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Florence Van Tienen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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12
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Péladeau C, Sandhu JK. Aberrant NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Ignites the Fire of Inflammation in Neuromuscular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116068. [PMID: 34199845 PMCID: PMC8200055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are molecular hubs that are assembled and activated by a host in response to various microbial and non-microbial stimuli and play a pivotal role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. The NLRP3 is a highly promiscuous inflammasome that is activated by a wide variety of sterile triggers, including misfolded protein aggregates, and drives chronic inflammation via caspase-1-mediated proteolytic cleavage and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. These cytokines further amplify inflammatory responses by activating various signaling cascades, leading to the recruitment of immune cells and overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, resulting in a vicious cycle of chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Neuromuscular diseases are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders that involve injury or dysfunction of peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junctions and muscles. A growing body of evidence suggests that dysregulation, impairment or aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome signaling leads to the initiation and exacerbation of pathological processes associated with neuromuscular diseases. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge about the NLRP3 inflammasome in neuromuscular diseases that affect the peripheral nervous system and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which affects the central nervous system. In addition, we also examine whether therapeutic targeting of the NLRP3 inflammasome components is a viable approach to alleviating the detrimental phenotype of neuromuscular diseases and improving clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Péladeau
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada;
| | - Jagdeep K. Sandhu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada;
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-993-5304
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13
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Ezan J, Moreau MM, Mamo TM, Shimbo M, Decroo M, Richter M, Peyroutou R, Rachel R, Tissir F, de Anda FC, Sans N, Montcouquiol M. Early loss of Scribble affects cortical development, interhemispheric connectivity and psychomotor activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9106. [PMID: 33907211 PMCID: PMC8079449 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders arise from combined defects in processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and commissure formation. The evolutionarily conserved tumor-suppressor protein Scribble (Scrib) serves as a nexus to transduce signals for the establishment of apicobasal and planar cell polarity during these processes. Human SCRIB gene mutations are associated with neural tube defects and this gene is located in the minimal critical region deleted in the rare Verheij syndrome. In this study, we generated brain-specific conditional cKO mouse mutants and assessed the impact of the Scrib deletion on brain morphogenesis and behavior. We showed that embryonic deletion of Scrib in the telencephalon leads to cortical thickness reduction (microcephaly) and partial corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure agenesis. We correlated these phenotypes with a disruption in various developmental mechanisms of corticogenesis including neurogenesis, neuronal migration and axonal connectivity. Finally, we show that Scrib cKO mice have psychomotor deficits such as locomotor activity impairment and memory alterations. Altogether, our results show that Scrib is essential for early brain development due to its role in several developmental cellular mechanisms that could underlie some of the deficits observed in complex neurodevelopmental pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Ezan
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Maité M Moreau
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tamrat M Mamo
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Miki Shimbo
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maureen Decroo
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Melanie Richter
- Germany Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), Research Group Neuronal Development, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronan Peyroutou
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rivka Rachel
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Fadel Tissir
- Developmental Neurobiology Group, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, Box B1.73.16, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Froylan Calderon de Anda
- Germany Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), Research Group Neuronal Development, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Sans
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mireille Montcouquiol
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France.
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14
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Cappella M, Elouej S, Biferi MG. The Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Test Gene Therapy Approaches for Neuromuscular and Motor Neuron Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:662837. [PMID: 33937264 PMCID: PMC8080375 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents a major advance for the development of human disease models. The emerging of this technique fostered the concept of "disease in a dish," which consists into the generation of patient-specific models in vitro. Currently, iPSCs are used to study pathological molecular mechanisms caused by genetic mutations and they are considered a reliable model for high-throughput drug screenings. Importantly, precision-medicine approaches to treat monogenic disorders exploit iPSCs potential for the selection and validation of lead candidates. For example, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) were tested with promising results in myoblasts or motor neurons differentiated from iPSCs of patients affected by either Duchenne muscular dystrophy or Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the use of iPSCs needs additional optimization to ensure translational success of the innovative strategies based on gene delivery through adeno associated viral vectors (AAV) for these diseases. Indeed, to establish an efficient transduction of iPSCs with AAV, several aspects should be optimized, including viral vector serotype, viral concentration and timing of transduction. This review will outline the use of iPSCs as a model for the development and testing of gene therapies for neuromuscular and motor neuron disorders. It will then discuss the advantages for the use of this versatile tool for gene therapy, along with the challenges associated with the viral vector transduction of iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Cappella
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Paris, France
| | - Sahar Elouej
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Paris, France
| | - Maria Grazia Biferi
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Paris, France
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15
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Hnatiuk AP, Briganti F, Staudt DW, Mercola M. Human iPSC modeling of heart disease for drug development. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:271-282. [PMID: 33740432 PMCID: PMC8054828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have emerged as a promising platform for pharmacogenomics and drug development. In cardiology, they make it possible to produce unlimited numbers of patient-specific human cells that reproduce hallmark features of heart disease in the culture dish. Their potential applications include the discovery of mechanism-specific therapeutics, the evaluation of safety and efficacy in a human context before a drug candidate reaches patients, and the stratification of patients for clinical trials. Although this new technology has the potential to revolutionize drug discovery, translational hurdles have hindered its widespread adoption for pharmaceutical development. Here we discuss recent progress in overcoming these hurdles that should facilitate the use of hiPSCs to develop new medicines and individualize therapies for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Hnatiuk
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Francesca Briganti
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David W Staudt
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark Mercola
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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16
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Sinenko SA, Ponomartsev SV, Tomilin AN. Pluripotent stem cell-based gene therapy approach: human de novo synthesized chromosomes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:1207-1220. [PMID: 33011821 PMCID: PMC11072874 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03653-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach in gene therapy was introduced 20 years ago since artificial non-integrative chromosome-based vectors containing gene loci size inserts were engineered. To date, different human artificial chromosomes (HAC) were generated with the use of de novo construction or "top-down" engineering approaches. The HAC-based therapeutic approach includes ex vivo gene transferring and correction of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) or highly proliferative modified stem cells. The current progress in the technology of induced PSCs, integrating with the HAC technology, resulted in a novel platform of stem cell-based tissue replacement therapy for the treatment of genetic disease. Nowadays, the sophisticated and laborious HAC technology has significantly improved and is now closer to clinical studies. In here, we reviewed the achievements in the technology of de novo synthesized HACs for a chromosome transfer for developing gene therapy tissue replacement models of monogenic human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Sinenko
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Ponomartsev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - Alexey N Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave, St-Petersburg, 194064, Russia.
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya Emb, St-Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
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17
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Matsumoto K, Luther KB, Haltiwanger RS. Diseases related to Notch glycosylation. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 79:100938. [PMID: 33341260 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Notch receptors are a family of transmembrane proteins that mediate direct cell-cell interactions and control numerous cell-fate specifications in humans. The extracellular domains of mammalian Notch proteins contain 29-36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, most of which have O-linked glycan modifications: O-glucose added by POGLUT1, O-fucose added by POFUT1 and elongated by Fringe enzymes, and O-GlcNAc added by EOGT. The extracellular domain is also N-glycosylated. Mutations in the glycosyltransferases modifying Notch have been identified in several diseases, including Dowling-Degos Disease (haploinsufficiency of POFUT1 or POGLUT1), a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (autosomal recessive mutations in POGLUT1), Spondylocostal Dysostosis 3 (autosomal recessive mutations in LFNG), Adams-Oliver syndrome (autosomal recessive mutations in EOGT), and some cancers (amplification, gain or loss-of-function of POFUT1, Fringe enzymes, POGLUT1, MGAT3). Here we review the characteristics of these diseases and potential molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiroo Matsumoto
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kelvin B Luther
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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18
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Wang H, Wu K, Guan J, Wang Q. Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (CPGHi001-A) from a hearing loss patient with the TMC1 p.M418K mutation. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:101982. [PMID: 33217648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
By using a nonintegrating plasmid delivery system, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the urine cells of a male patient from the family carrying the TMC1 p.M418K mutation. This mutation is homologous to that in Beethoven mice, which were treated by gene editing successfully. The resulting iPSCs had a normal karyotype, showed pluripotency by immunofluorescence staining, and differentiated into the three germ layers in vivo. This cellular model will provide a useful platform for investigating the pathogenic mechanisms of TMC1-related deafness, further laying the foundation for clinical transformation applications and providing a reference for the final gene therapy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Wang
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, 100853 Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Science of Ministry of Education, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment of Beijing, China
| | - Kaiwen Wu
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, 100853 Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Science of Ministry of Education, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment of Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guan
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, 100853 Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Science of Ministry of Education, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment of Beijing, China
| | - Qiuju Wang
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, 100853 Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Science of Ministry of Education, China; Key Lab of Hearing Impairment Prevention and Treatment of Beijing, China.
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19
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Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C, Castro-Viñuelas R, Piñeiro-Ramil M, Rodríguez-Fernández S, Fuentes-Boquete I, Blanco FJ, Díaz-Prado S. Versatility of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) for Improving the Knowledge on Musculoskeletal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176124. [PMID: 32854405 PMCID: PMC7504376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an unlimited source of pluripotent cells capable of differentiating into any cell type of the body. Several studies have demonstrated the valuable use of iPSCs as a tool for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying disorders affecting bone, cartilage and muscle, as well as their potential for tissue repair. Musculoskeletal diseases are one of the major causes of disability worldwide and impose an important socio-economic burden. To date there is neither cure nor proven approach for effectively treating most of these conditions and therefore new strategies involving the use of cells have been increasingly investigated in the recent years. Nevertheless, some limitations related to the safety and differentiation protocols among others remain, which humpers the translational application of these strategies. Nonetheless, the potential is indisputable and iPSCs are likely to be a source of different types of cells useful in the musculoskeletal field, for either disease modeling or regenerative medicine. In this review, we aim to illustrate the great potential of iPSCs by summarizing and discussing the in vitro tissue regeneration preclinical studies that have been carried out in the musculoskeletal field by using iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sanjurjo-Rodríguez
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain; (R.C.-V.); (M.P.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (I.F.-B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.-R.); (S.D.-P.)
| | - Rocío Castro-Viñuelas
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain; (R.C.-V.); (M.P.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (I.F.-B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - María Piñeiro-Ramil
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain; (R.C.-V.); (M.P.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (I.F.-B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodríguez-Fernández
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain; (R.C.-V.); (M.P.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (I.F.-B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Isaac Fuentes-Boquete
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain; (R.C.-V.); (M.P.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (I.F.-B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Blanco
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
- Tissular Bioengineering and Cell Therapy Unit (GBTTC-CHUAC), Rheumatology Group, 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Silvia Díaz-Prado
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain; (R.C.-V.); (M.P.-R.); (S.R.-F.); (I.F.-B.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.-R.); (S.D.-P.)
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20
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Eintracht J, Toms M, Moosajee M. The Use of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Model for Developmental Eye Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:265. [PMID: 32973457 PMCID: PMC7468397 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one-third of childhood blindness is attributed to developmental eye disorders, of which 80% have a genetic cause. Eye morphogenesis is tightly regulated by a highly conserved network of transcription factors when disrupted by genetic mutations can result in severe ocular malformation. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are an attractive tool to study early eye development as they are more physiologically relevant than animal models, can be patient-specific and their use does not elicit the ethical concerns associated with human embryonic stem cells. The generation of self-organizing hiPSC-derived optic cups is a major advancement to understanding mechanisms of ocular development and disease. Their development in vitro has been found to mirror that of the human eye and these early organoids have been used to effectively model microphthalmia caused by a VSX2 variant. hiPSC-derived optic cups, retina, and cornea organoids are powerful tools for future modeling of disease phenotypes and will enable a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of many other developmental eye disorders. These models will also provide an effective platform for identifying molecular therapeutic targets and for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Toms
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Aisenbrey EA, Murphy WL. Synthetic alternatives to Matrigel. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2020; 5:539-551. [PMID: 32953138 PMCID: PMC7500703 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-020-0199-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Matrigel, a basement-membrane matrix extracted from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcomas, has been used for more than four decades for a myriad of cell culture applications. However, Matrigel is limited in its applicability to cellular biology, therapeutic cell manufacturing and drug discovery owing to its complex, ill-defined and variable composition. Variations in the mechanical and biochemical properties within a single batch of Matrigel - and between batches - have led to uncertainty in cell culture experiments and a lack of reproducibility. Moreover, Matrigel is not conducive to physical or biochemical manipulation, making it difficult to fine-tune the matrix to promote intended cell behaviours and achieve specific biological outcomes. Recent advances in synthetic scaffolds have led to the development of xenogenic-free, chemically defined, highly tunable and reproducible alternatives. In this Review, we assess the applications of Matrigel in cell culture, regenerative medicine and organoid assembly, detailing the limitations of Matrigel and highlighting synthetic scaffold alternatives that have shown equivalent or superior results. Additionally, we discuss the hurdles that are limiting a full transition from Matrigel to synthetic scaffolds and provide a brief perspective on the future directions of synthetic scaffolds for cell culture applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William L. Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA
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22
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Araldi RP, Khalil C, Grignet PH, Teixeira MR, de Melo TC, Módolo DG, Fernandes LGV, Ruiz J, de Souza EB. Medical applications of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas) tool: A comprehensive overview. Gene 2020; 745:144636. [PMID: 32244056 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the double helix and the introduction of genetic engineering, the possibility to develop new strategies to manipulate the genome has fascinated scientists around the world. Currently scientists have the knowledge andabilitytoedit the genomes. Several methodologies of gene editing have been established, all of them working like "scissor", creating double strand breaks at specific spots. The introduction of a new technology, which was adapted from the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas bacterial immune system, has revolutionized the genetic therapy field, as it allows a much more precise editing of gene than the previously described tools and, therefore, to prevent and treat disease in humans. This review aims to revisit the genome editing history that led to the rediscovery of the CRISPR/Cas technology and to explore the technical aspects, applications and perspectives of this fascinating, powerful, precise, simpler and cheaper technology in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil.
| | - Charbel Khalil
- Reviva Research and Application Center- Lebanese University, Middle East Institute of Health University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pedro Henrique Grignet
- Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza (ILACVN), Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
| | - Michelli Ramires Teixeira
- Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza (ILACVN), Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
| | - Thatiana Correa de Melo
- Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza (ILACVN), Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jorge Ruiz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil; Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza (ILACVN), Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
| | - Edislane Barreiros de Souza
- Laboratory of Genetics, Molecular Biology and Mutagenesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Assis, SP, Brazil
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23
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Mazaleyrat K, Badja C, Broucqsault N, Chevalier R, Laberthonnière C, Dion C, Baldasseroni L, El-Yazidi C, Thomas M, Bachelier R, Altié A, Nguyen K, Lévy N, Robin JD, Magdinier F. Multilineage Differentiation for Formation of Innervated Skeletal Muscle Fibers from Healthy and Diseased Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061531. [PMID: 32585982 PMCID: PMC7349825 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) obtained by reprogramming primary somatic cells have revolutionized the fields of cell biology and disease modeling. However, the number protocols for generating mature muscle fibers with sarcolemmal organization using iPSCs remain limited, and partly mimic the complexity of mature skeletal muscle. Methods: We used a novel combination of small molecules added in a precise sequence for the simultaneous codifferentiation of human iPSCs into skeletal muscle cells and motor neurons. Results: We show that the presence of both cell types reduces the production time for millimeter-long multinucleated muscle fibers with sarcolemmal organization. Muscle fiber contractions are visible in 19–21 days, and can be maintained over long period thanks to the production of innervated multinucleated mature skeletal muscle fibers with autonomous cell regeneration of PAX7-positive cells and extracellular matrix synthesis. The sequential addition of specific molecules recapitulates key steps of human peripheral neurogenesis and myogenesis. Furthermore, this organoid-like culture can be used for functional evaluation and drug screening. Conclusion: Our protocol, which is applicable to hiPSCs from healthy individuals, was validated in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Myotonic Dystrophy, Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy and type 2A Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy, opening new paths for the exploration of muscle differentiation, disease modeling and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Mazaleyrat
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Cherif Badja
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Natacha Broucqsault
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Raphaël Chevalier
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Camille Laberthonnière
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Camille Dion
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Lyla Baldasseroni
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Claire El-Yazidi
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Morgane Thomas
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Richard Bachelier
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Alexandre Altié
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Karine Nguyen
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
- APHM, Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
- APHM, Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Jérôme D. Robin
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Frédérique Magdinier
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics, 13385 Marseille, France; (K.M.); (C.B.); (N.B.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.E.-Y.); (M.T.); (K.N.); (N.L.); (J.D.R.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Sinenko SA, Ponomartsev SV, Tomilin AN. Human artificial chromosomes for pluripotent stem cell-based tissue replacement therapy. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Mornet D. [Xenograft: a powerful tool! Protocol to better follow the evolution of muscular dystrophy]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 35 Hors série n° 2:47-48. [PMID: 31859633 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2019185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Mornet
- Ancien DR2CNRS, PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, CNRS, Montpellier 34295 Cedex 5, France
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26
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Fusto A, Moyle LA, Gilbert PM, Pegoraro E. Cored in the act: the use of models to understand core myopathies. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm041368. [PMID: 31874912 PMCID: PMC6955215 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.041368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The core myopathies are a group of congenital myopathies with variable clinical expression - ranging from early-onset skeletal-muscle weakness to later-onset disease of variable severity - that are identified by characteristic 'core-like' lesions in myofibers and the presence of hypothonia and slowly or rather non-progressive muscle weakness. The genetic causes are diverse; central core disease is most often caused by mutations in ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1), whereas multi-minicore disease is linked to pathogenic variants of several genes, including selenoprotein N (SELENON), RYR1 and titin (TTN). Understanding the mechanisms that drive core development and muscle weakness remains challenging due to the diversity of the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) proteins involved and the differential effects of mutations across proteins. Because of this, the use of representative models expressing a mature ECC apparatus is crucial. Animal models have facilitated the identification of disease progression mechanisms for some mutations and have provided evidence to help explain genotype-phenotype correlations. However, many unanswered questions remain about the common and divergent pathological mechanisms that drive disease progression, and these mechanisms need to be understood in order to identify therapeutic targets. Several new transgenic animals have been described recently, expanding the spectrum of core myopathy models, including mice with patient-specific mutations. Furthermore, recent developments in 3D tissue engineering are expected to enable the study of core myopathy disease progression and the effects of potential therapeutic interventions in the context of human cells. In this Review, we summarize the current landscape of core myopathy models, and assess the hurdles and opportunities of future modeling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Fusto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Louise A Moyle
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3E1, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biochemical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3G9, Canada
| | - Penney M Gilbert
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3E1, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biochemical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3G9, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3G5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua 35128, Italy
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27
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Tan HL, Choo A. Opportunities for Antibody Discovery Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: Conservation of Oncofetal Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5752. [PMID: 31731794 PMCID: PMC6888136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) comprise both embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The application of pluripotent stem cells is divided into four main areas, namely: (i) regenerative therapy, (ii) the study and understanding of developmental biology, (iii) drug screening and toxicology and (iv) disease modeling. In this review, we describe a new opportunity for PSCs, the discovery of new biomarkers and generating antibodies against these biomarkers. PSCs are good sources of immunogen for raising monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) because of the conservation of oncofetal antigens between PSCs and cancer cells. Hence mAbs generated using PSCs can potentially be applied in two different fields. First, these mAbs can be used in regenerative cell therapy to characterize the PSCs. In addition, the mAbs can be used to separate or eliminate contaminating or residual undifferentiated PSCs from the differentiated cell product. This step is critical as undifferentiated PSCs can form teratomas in vivo. The mAbs generated against PSCs can also be used in the field of oncology. Here, novel targets can be identified and the mAbs developed as targeted therapy to kill the cancer cells. Conversely, as new and novel oncofetal biomarkers are discovered on PSCs, cancer mAbs that are already approved by the FDA can be repurposed for regenerative medicine, thus expediting the route to the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liang Tan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore 138668, Singapore;
| | - Andre Choo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore 138668, Singapore;
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
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28
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Xu B, Zhang M, Perlingeiro RCR, Shen W. Skeletal Muscle Constructs Engineered from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Myogenic Progenitors Exhibit Enhanced Contractile Forces When Differentiated in a Medium Containing EGM‐2 Supplements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1900005. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Mengen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Rita C. R. Perlingeiro
- Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Stem Cell Institute and Institute for Engineering in Medicine University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Stem Cell Institute and Institute for Engineering in Medicine University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA
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29
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Gois Beghini D, Iwao Horita S, Monteiro da Fonseca Cardoso L, Anastacio Alves L, Nagaraju K, Henriques-Pons A. A Promising Future for Stem-Cell-Based Therapies in Muscular Dystrophies-In Vitro and In Vivo Treatments to Boost Cellular Engraftment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215433. [PMID: 31683627 PMCID: PMC6861917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies (MD) are a group of genetic diseases that lead to skeletal muscle wasting and may affect many organs (multisystem). Unfortunately, no curative therapies are available at present for MD patients, and current treatments mainly address the symptoms. Thus, stem-cell-based therapies may present hope for improvement of life quality and expectancy. Different stem cell types lead to skeletal muscle regeneration and they have potential to be used for cellular therapies, although with several limitations. In this review, we propose a combination of genetic, biochemical, and cell culture treatments to correct pathogenic genetic alterations and to increase proliferation, dispersion, fusion, and differentiation into new or hybrid myotubes. These boosted stem cells can also be injected into pretreate recipient muscles to improve engraftment. We believe that this combination of treatments targeting the limitations of stem-cell-based therapies may result in safer and more efficient therapies for MD patients. Matricryptins have also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gois Beghini
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Samuel Iwao Horita
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) 21040-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Luiz Anastacio Alves
- Laboratório de Comunicação Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Kanneboyina Nagaraju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, New York, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Andrea Henriques-Pons
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) 21040-900, Brazil.
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