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Polyzos SA, Goulis DG. Menopause and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Maturitas 2024; 186:108024. [PMID: 38760254 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, recently proposed to be renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, is a highly prevalent disease (25-30 % of the global general population) whose prevalence increases after menopause. Apart from the rates of simple steatosis, the severity of the disease (e.g., hepatic fibrosis) increases after menopause. Menopause is associated with higher abdominal adiposity and dysmetabolism of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which may contribute to the development and severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and the higher cardiovascular risk observed after menopause. The association between menopause and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease renders menopausal hormone therapy an appealing way to reverse hepatic disease in parallel with the benefits of menopausal hormone therapy in other tissues. In this regard, most animal studies have shown a beneficial effect of estrogens on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Still, clinical studies are few, and their data are conflicting. The effect of menopausal hormone therapy on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease may be distinct among estrogen monotherapies and the combinations of estrogens and progestogens. It may also depend on the type of progestogen and the route of administration. However, more studies specifically designed for these aims are needed to draw secure conclusions. This review summarizes the data related to the association between menopause and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, as well as between menopausal hormone therapy and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, with a special focus on clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Campus of Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ring Road, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Leca BM, Lagojda L, Kite C, Karteris E, Kassi E, Randeva HS, Kyrou I. Maternal obesity and metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease in pregnancy: a comprehensive narrative review. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2024; 19:335-348. [PMID: 38860684 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2365791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) during pregnancy constitute significant problems for routine antenatal care, with increasing prevalence globally. Similar to obesity, MAFLD is associated with a higher risk for maternal complications (e.g. pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes) and long-term adverse health outcomes for the offspring. However, MAFLD during pregnancy is often under-recognized, with limited management/treatment options. AREAS COVERED PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched based on a search strategy for obesity and/or MAFLD in pregnancy to identify relevant papers up to 2024. This review summarizes the pertinent evidence on the relationship between maternal obesity and MAFLD during pregnancy. Key mechanisms implicated in the underlying pathophysiology linking obesity and MAFLD during pregnancy (e.g. insulin resistance and dysregulated adipokine secretion) are highlighted. Moreover, a diagnostic approach for MAFLD diagnosis during pregnancy and its complications are presented. Finally, promising relevant areas for future research are covered. EXPERT OPINION Research progress regarding maternal obesity, MAFLD, and their impact on maternal and fetal/offspring health is expected to improve the relevant diagnostic methods and lead to novel treatments. Thus, routine practice could apply more personalized management strategies, incorporating individualized algorithms with genetic and/or multi-biomarker profiling to guide prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M Leca
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Lukasz Lagojda
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Clinical Evidence-Based Information Service (CEBIS), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Chris Kite
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Shrewsbury, UK
| | - Emmanouil Karteris
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Institute of Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
- Institute of Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, UK
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Papadimitriou K, Mousiolis AC, Mintziori G, Tarenidou C, Polyzos SA, Goulis DG. Hypogonadism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03878-1. [PMID: 38771482 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently proposed to be renamed to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is a major global public health concern, affecting approximately 25-30% of the adult population and possibly leading to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver transplantation. The liver is involved in the actions of sex steroids via their hepatic metabolism and production of the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Liver disease, including NAFLD, is associated with reproductive dysfunction in men and women, and the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with hypogonadism is considerable. A wide spectrum of possible pathophysiological mechanisms linking NAFLD and male/female hypogonadism has been investigated. As therapies targeting NAFLD may impact hypogonadism in men and women, and vice versa, treatments of the latter may affect NAFLD, and an insight into their pathophysiological pathways is imperative. This paper aims to elucidate the complex association between NAFLD and hypogonadism in men and women and discuss the therapeutic options and their impact on both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasiani Papadimitriou
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Athanasios C Mousiolis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Gesthimani Mintziori
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Chen S, Liu H, Sun Y, Li S, Shi Y, Cheng Z, Zhu H, Sun H. Phthalate Biomarkers Composition in Relation to Fatty Liver: Evidence from Epidemiologic and in vivo studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171607. [PMID: 38461993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates, classified as environmental endocrine disruptors, pose potential toxicity risks to human health. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is one of the most widespread liver diseases globally. Compared to studies focusing on metabolic disorders in relation to pollutants exposure, the impact of individual factors such as fatty liver on the in vivo metabolism of pollutants is always overlooked. Therefore, this study measured concentrations and composition of phthalate monoesters (mPAEs) in human urine samples, particularly those from fatty liver patients. Furthermore, we induced fatty liver in male Wistar rats by formulating a high-fat diet for twelve weeks. After administering a single dose of DEHP at 500 mg/kg bw through gavage, we compared the levels of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), its metabolites (mDEHPs) and three hepatic metabolic enzymes, namely cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1), and carboxylesterase 1 (CarE1), between the normal and fatty liver rat groups. Compared to healthy individuals (n = 75), fatty liver patients (n = 104) exhibited significantly lower urinary concentrations of ∑mPAEs (median: 106 vs. 166 ng/mL), but with a higher proportion of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in ∑mDEHPs (25.7 % vs. 9.9 %) (p < 0.05). In the animal experiment, we found that fatty liver in rats prolonged the elimination half-life of DEHP (24.61 h vs. 18.89 h) and increased the contents of CYP450, CarE1, and UGT1, implying the common but differentiated metabolism of DEHP as excess lipid accumulation in liver cells. This study provides valuable information on how to distinguish populations in biomonitoring studies across a diverse population and in assigning exposure classifications of phthalates or similar chemicals in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yulian Sun
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yixuan Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhipeng Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Sommerauer C, Gallardo-Dodd CJ, Savva C, Hases L, Birgersson M, Indukuri R, Shen JX, Carravilla P, Geng K, Nørskov Søndergaard J, Ferrer-Aumatell C, Mercier G, Sezgin E, Korach-André M, Petersson C, Hagström H, Lauschke VM, Archer A, Williams C, Kutter C. Estrogen receptor activation remodels TEAD1 gene expression to alleviate hepatic steatosis. Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:374-402. [PMID: 38459198 PMCID: PMC10987545 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-024-00024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sex-based differences in obesity-related hepatic malignancies suggest the protective roles of estrogen. Using a preclinical model, we dissected estrogen receptor (ER) isoform-driven molecular responses in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver diseases of male and female mice treated with or without an estrogen agonist by integrating liver multi-omics data. We found that selective ER activation recovers HFD-induced molecular and physiological liver phenotypes. HFD and systemic ER activation altered core liver pathways, beyond lipid metabolism, that are consistent between mice and primates. By including patient cohort data, we uncovered that ER-regulated enhancers govern central regulatory and metabolic genes with clinical significance in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) patients, including the transcription factor TEAD1. TEAD1 expression increased in MASLD patients, and its downregulation by short interfering RNA reduced intracellular lipid content. Subsequent TEAD small molecule inhibition improved steatosis in primary human hepatocyte spheroids by suppressing lipogenic pathways. Thus, TEAD1 emerged as a new therapeutic candidate whose inhibition ameliorates hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sommerauer
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Carlos J Gallardo-Dodd
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Christina Savva
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Linnea Hases
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Madeleine Birgersson
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rajitha Indukuri
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Joanne X Shen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Pablo Carravilla
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Keyi Geng
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jonas Nørskov Søndergaard
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Clàudia Ferrer-Aumatell
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Grégoire Mercier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Marion Korach-André
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Center, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Carl Petersson
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hannes Hagström
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Upper GI Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Amena Archer
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Williams
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden.
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Zuo Q, Park NH, Lee JK, Santaliz-Casiano A, Madak-Erdogan Z. Navigating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Exploring the roles of estrogens, pharmacological and medical interventions, and life style. Steroids 2024; 203:109330. [PMID: 37923152 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The pursuit of studying this subject is driven by the urgency to address the increasing global prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and its profound health implications. NAFLD represents a significant public health concern due to its association with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular complications, and the potential progression to more severe conditions like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Liver estrogen signaling is important for maintaining liver function, and loss of estrogens increases the likelihood of NAFLD in postmenopausal women. Understanding the multifaceted mechanisms underlying NAFLD pathogenesis, its varied treatment strategies, and their effectiveness is crucial for devising comprehensive and targeted interventions. By unraveling the intricate interplay between genetics, lifestyle, hormonal regulation, and gut microbiota, we can unlock insights into risk stratification, early detection, and personalized therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, investigating the emerging pharmaceutical interventions and dietary modifications offers the potential to revolutionize disease management. This review reinforces the role of collaboration in refining NAFLD comprehension, unveiling novel therapeutic pathways, and ultimately improving patient outcomes for this intricate hepatic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Nicole Hwajin Park
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Jenna Kathryn Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ashlie Santaliz-Casiano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Yao H, Hu Y, Tong H, Shi S. Dimethylglycine Alleviates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Improving the Circulating Estrogen Level via Gut Staphylococcus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2708-2717. [PMID: 38131116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study screened out dietary 0.1% dimethylglycine (DMG), which had beneficial effects on egg production and fat deposition in laying hens during the late laying period. In this paper, it was further found that dietary DMG alleviated fatty liver disease and enhanced lipid deposited into the yolk while promoting hepatic lipid transport. There are intestinal estrogen-metabolizing bacteria (EBM) having β-glucuronase (GUS) activity that regulates the content of circulating estrogen (E2) in mammals. There were 39 related bacteria found in laying hens, and DMG increased E2 in blood, Staphylococcus abundance among EBM and GUS activity in cecum chyme. Interfered in situ, Staphylococcus with GUS activity was proved the target bacteria for DMG. Furthermore, E2 could modify hepatic lipid deposition through promoting lipid transport by the steatosis LMH model. These perspectives confirm that DMG, mediated by Staphylococcus, alleviates the restriction of hepatic lipid transport due to reduced levels of E2 in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yao
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Haibing Tong
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Shourong Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
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Yang X, Zhuo S, Fang T. Interaction between dietary flavonoid intake and trouble sleeping on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:210-219. [PMID: 38047726 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The possible interaction of dietary flavonoid intake and sleep on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been well studied. This study investigated the interaction between dietary flavonoid intake and trouble sleeping on the risk of NAFLD. METHODS Three discrete National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data cycles from 2007 to 2010 and 2017 to 2018 were used. NAFLD was diagnosed by a US Fatty Liver Index ≥30. A sleep questionnaire diagnosed trouble sleeping. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) and subgroup analyses were used to evaluate the association between dietary flavonoids, trouble sleeping and NAFLD. We employed the relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion of interaction and synergy index to evaluate additive interactions. RESULTS Ultimately, 5056 participants were enrolled, and higher anthocyanidins and flavanones intake was negatively correlated with NAFLD. Conversely, trouble sleeping was positively associated with NAFLD. These correlations remained stable after adjusting for confounders, and there was a sex difference in this relationship. In the RCS model, anthocyanins were negatively non-linearly related to NAFLD, while flavanones showed a negative linear relationship. Moreover, there was a synergistic interplay between low dietary anthocyanin intake and trouble sleeping on the risk of NAFLD. A similar relationship existed for flavanone intake. CONCLUSION Anthocyanin and flavanone intake were negatively associated, whereas trouble sleeping was positively associated with NAFLD risk. There was a synergistic effect of low anthocyanin intake and trouble sleeping. The same relationship existed for low flavanone intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxia Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shitu Zhuo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Taiyong Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Liu K, Yang X, Zhang G, Xiang Z. Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism Prediction of Fuzi-Gancao Herb Couple on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:773-785. [PMID: 37317908 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230614102412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fuzi-Gancao herb couple is one of the most common herb couples involved in the TCM formula, which was used for the treatment of chronic diseases. The herb couple has a hepatoprotective effect. However, its main components and therapeutic mechanism are not yet clear. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of the Fuzi-Gancao herb couple on NAFLD from animal experiments, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. METHODS 60 Male C57BL/6 mice (20 g ± 2 g) were randomly divided into six groups including the blank group (n=10) and NALFD group (n=50). The mice of the NALFD group were fed with a high-fat diet for 20 weeks to establish the NAFLD model and the NALFD mice were randomly divided into five groups including positive group (berberine), model group and F-G groups with three dosages (0.257, 0.514, 0.771 g/kg) (n=10). After 10 weeks of administration, the serum was collected for the analysis of ALT, AST, LDL-c, HDL-c, and TC, and liver tissues were collected for pathological analysis. The TCMAS database was used to collect the main components and targets of the Fuzi-Gancao herb couple. The GeneCards database was used to collect NAFLD-related targets, and the key targets were obtained by intersecting with herbal targets. The diseasecomponent- target relationship diagram was constructed by Cytoscape 3.9.1. The obtained key targets were imported into the String database to obtain the PPI network, and imported into the DAVID database for KEGG pathway analysis and GO analysis. Finally, the key targets and key gene proteins were imported into Discovery Studio 2019 for molecular docking verification. RESULTS In this study, H-E staining indicated the pathological changes of liver tissue in Fuzi- Gancao groups were significantly improved, and the levels of AST, ALT, TC, HDL-c, and LDL-c in serum of Fuzi-Gancao groups decreased in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the model group. 103 active components and 299 targets in the Fuzi-Gancao herb couple were confirmed in the TCMSP database and 2062 disease targets in NAFLD were obtained. 142 key targets and 167 signal pathways were screened, such as the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, HIF-1 signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and so on. The main bioactive ingredients of Fuzi-Gancao herb couple in the treatment of NAFLD are quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, inermine, (R)-norcoclaurine, isorhamnetin, ignavine, 2,7-Dideacetyl-2,7- dibenzoyl-taxayunnanine F, glycyrol mainly involving IL6, AKT1, TNF, TP53, IL1B, VEGFA and other core targets. Molecular docking analysis indicated that there is a good affinity between the key components and the key targets. CONCLUSION This study preliminarily explained the main components and mechanism of the Fuzi- Gancao herb couple in the treatment of NAFLD and provided an idea for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Liu
- Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
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Parra NS, Schafer M, Ross HM, Bruckbauer J, Yan B, Chen SL, Khan A, Tholey DM, Halegoua-DeMarzio D. Prevalence of post-liver transplant complications and NASH-related cirrhosis in postmenopausal women. Ann Hepatol 2024; 29:101157. [PMID: 37742744 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2023.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Compared to premenopausal women, postmenopausal women are at greater risk of developing NAFLD and NASH, two common indications for liver transplantation (LT). We aim to determine the prevalence of NASH-related cirrhosis in postmenopausal women from a cohort of LT patients and investigate their post-LT complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chart review of 1200 LT patients from 2002-2020 was performed. Postmenopausal women were defined as women over 51 and compared to a control group of men over 51. Prevalence of LT indications was determined. Subgroup analysis assessed cardiovascular disease risk. BMI and ASCVD risk scores were calculated at the time of LT and after 1 year. RESULTS 510 patients met the inclusion criteria: 189 (37.1%) women and 321 (62.9%) men. The most common indication was NASH for women (26.5%, p<0.001) and alcohol-related cirrhosis for men (23.1%). 53 men and 46 women underwent subgroup analysis. There was no significant difference in BMI or ASCVD 10-year risk post-LT between sexes. MI occurred more in men (n=9.17%) than women (n=1, 2%, p=0.015), with no significant differences in CAD, CHF, or stroke. LT complications occurred less in men (n=5.9%) than women (n=20, 43%, p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal women were significantly more likely to have NASH as an indication for LT than men. Postmenopausal women had greater weight gain and more noncardiac complications than men. Women did not have increased cardiovascular outcomes, ASCVD risk, or mortality. Diet education and weight control in postmenopausal women with existing risk factors for NASH should be encouraged to modulate health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Salinas Parra
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Michelle Schafer
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Heather M Ross
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - John Bruckbauer
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Brian Yan
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sarah L Chen
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Danielle M Tholey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 111 S 11th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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11
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Kalas MA, Khatab Y, Galura G, Alkhateeb H, Mukherjee D, Garcia H, Zuckerman M, Nickel NP. The Association Between Non-Clinically Apparent Liver Fibrosis and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Hispanic Patients. Cardiol Res 2023; 14:429-436. [PMID: 38187513 PMCID: PMC10769614 DOI: 10.14740/cr1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a deadly cardiopulmonary disease with multi-organ involvement including impaired liver function. Liver dysfunction in PAH is poorly understood but significantly associated with morbidity and mortality. Hispanics have a significantly higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and evidence of more advanced disease in comparison to other ethnic groups. The clinical impact of NAFLD in Hispanic PAH patients is unknown. We aimed to investigate the impact of a validated scoring system, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS), to predict the degree of liver fibrosis in a Hispanic PAH population and its relationship to hemodynamics, functional class, and outcomes. Methods A retrospective review of all treatment-naive Hispanic patients with group I World Health Organization (WHO) pulmonary hypertension (PH) at a single academic center between February 2016 and March 2021 was performed. Patients with history of substance or alcohol abuse, non-group I WHO PH, pre-existent liver disease, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, thyroid disease, and warfarin use were excluded from the study. The diagnosis of group I WHO PH was determined by cardiac catheterization after the exclusion of other etiologies. NFS was calculated for each patient and correlated with functional capacity, hemodynamics, N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and survival. Results A total of 96 Hispanic patients were included in our study. The median age of patients in our cohort was 49 years (interquartile range: 15) and 69% of our cohort were females. Higher NFSs indicating advanced hepatic fibrosis (F3-F4) were found to correlate with elevated right-sided cardiac filling pressures (r = 0.27, P = 0.03), elevated levels of NT-proBNP (r = 0.32, P = 0.01), lower 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) (r = -0.49, P = 0.001), lower functional capacity (World Health Organization functional class, WHO-FC, r = -0.35, P = 0.051), a higher prevalence of diabetes (21.1% versus 51.9%, P = 0.001), a higher prevalence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome (81.5% versus 65.0%, P = 0.035), and worse 5-year survival rates. Conclusion In Hispanic patients with PAH, NFSs correlate with the degree of right-sided pressure overload. In addition, advanced NFSs were independently associated with lower 5-year survival rates and added prognostic information to other established risk parameters in PAH. This study suggests that screening for liver disease in this vulnerable patient population can aid in earlier detection leading to discussion of lifestyle modifications and possible escalation of PAH-targeted therapies, thus leading to potential improvement in survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ammar Kalas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Yacoub Khatab
- Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Gian Galura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Haider Alkhateeb
- Division of Cardiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Division of Cardiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Hernando Garcia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Marc Zuckerman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Nils Patrick Nickel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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12
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Zamanian MY, Sadeghi Ivraghi M, Khachatryan LG, Vadiyan DE, Bali HY, Golmohammadi M. A review of experimental and clinical studies on the therapeutic effects of pomegranate ( Punica granatum) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Focus on oxidative stress and inflammation. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7485-7503. [PMID: 38107091 PMCID: PMC10724645 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently linked to metabolic disorders and is prevalent in obese and diabetic patients. The pathophysiology of NAFLD involves multiple factors, including insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and genetic predisposition. Recently, there has been an emphasis on the use of herbal remedies with many people around the world resorting to phytonutrients or nutraceuticals for treatment of numerous health challenges in various national healthcare settings. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) parts, such as juice, peel, seed and flower, have high polyphenol content and is well known for its antioxidant capabilities. Pomegranate polyphenols, such as hydrolyzable tannins, anthocyanins, and flavonoids, have high antioxidant capabilities that can help lower the OS and inflammation associated with NAFLD. The study aimed to investigate whether pomegranate parts could attenuate OS, inflammation, and other risk factors associated with NAFLD, and ultimately prevent the development of the disease. The findings of this study revealed that: 1. pomegranate juice contains hypoglycemic qualities that can assist manage blood sugar levels, which is vital for avoiding and treating NAFLD. 2. Polyphenols from pomegranate flowers increase paraoxonase 1 (PON1) mRNA and protein levels in the liver, which can help protect liver enzymes and prevent NAFLD. 3. Punicalagin (PU) is one of the major ellagitannins found in pomegranate, and PU-enriched pomegranate extract (PE) has been shown to inhibit HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid deposition in rats. 4. Pomegranate fruit consumption, which is high in antioxidants, can decrease the activity of AST and ALT (markers of liver damage), lower TNF-α (a marker of inflammation), and improve overall antioxidant capacity in NAFLD patients. Overall, the polyphenols in pomegranate extracts have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and protective effects on liver enzymes, which can help prevent and manage NAFLD effects on liver enzymes, which can help prevent and manage NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yassin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of PharmacyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | | | - Lusine G. Khachatryan
- Department of Pediatric Diseases, N.F. Filatov Clinical Institute of Children's HealthI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Diana E. Vadiyan
- Institute of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and OrthodonticsI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
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13
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Kuang M, Qiu J, Li D, Hu C, Zhang S, Sheng G, Zou Y. The newly proposed Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat is a reliable tool for identifying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, requiring attention to age-specific effects in both sexes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1281524. [PMID: 38089634 PMCID: PMC10711077 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1281524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The newly proposed Metabolic Visceral Fat Score (METS-VF) is considered a more effective measure for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) than other obesity indicators. This study aimed to reveal the association between METS-VF and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and its variations across age groups within both sexes. Methods Data from 14,251 medical examiners in the NAGALA project were employed in this study. 3D fitted surface plots were constructed based on multivariate logistic regression models to visualize the isolated and combined effects of aging and METS-VF on NAFLD. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted to compare the diagnostic performance of METS-VF with other VAT surrogate markers in predicting NAFLD. Results The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that each unit increase in METS-VF was independently associated with a 333% and 312% increase in the odds of NAFLD in males and females, respectively. Additionally, the 3D fitted surface plot showed that age significantly influenced the association between METS-VF and the odds of NAFLD in both sexes, as follows: (i) In males, when METS-VF was less than 6.2, the METS-VF-related odds of NAFLD increased gradually with age in the 20-45 age group, reached a plateau in the 45-65 age group, and then decreased in the group above 65 years old; however, when male METS-VF exceeded 6.2, aging and METS-VF combined to further increase the odds of NAFLD in all age groups, particularly in the 45-65 age group. (ii) In females, aging seemed to reduce METS-VF-related odds of NAFLD in the 18-40 age group, but significantly increased it in the 40-60 age group, particularly for those with higher METS-VF levels. Further ROC analysis revealed that compared to other VAT surrogate markers, METS-VF showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for NAFLD in females, especially in those under 45 years of age [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.9256]. Conclusions This study firstly revealed a significant positive correlation between METS-VF and the odds of NAFLD, with METS-VF surpassing other VAT surrogate markers in NAFLD diagnosis. Moreover, age significantly influenced the METS-VF-related odds of NAFLD and METS-VF's diagnostic efficacy for NAFLD in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maobin Kuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Mondal T, Smith CI, Loffredo CA, Quartey R, Moses G, Howell CD, Korba B, Kwabi-Addo B, Nunlee-Bland G, R. Rucker L, Johnson J, Ghosh S. Transcriptomics of MASLD Pathobiology in African American Patients in the Washington DC Area †. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16654. [PMID: 38068980 PMCID: PMC10706626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is becoming the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is of concern among African Americans (AA) in the United States. This pilot study evaluated the differential gene expressions and identified the signature genes in the disease pathways of AA individuals with MASLD. Blood samples were obtained from MASLD patients (n = 23) and non-MASLD controls (n = 24) along with their sociodemographic and medical details. Whole-blood transcriptomic analysis was carried out using Affymetrix Clarion-S Assay. A validation study was performed utilizing TaqMan Arrays coupled with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to identify the major disease pathways. Out of 21,448 genes in total, 535 genes (2.5%) were significantly (p < 0.05) and differentially expressed when we compared the cases and controls. A significant overlap in the predominant differentially expressed genes and pathways identified in previous studies using hepatic tissue was observed. Of note, TGFB1 and E2F1 genes were upregulated, and HMBS was downregulated significantly. Hepatic fibrosis signaling is the top canonical pathway, and its corresponding biofunction contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings address the knowledge gaps regarding how signature genes and functional pathways can be detected in blood samples ('liquid biopsy') in AA MASLD patients, demonstrating the potential of the blood samples as an alternative non-invasive source of material for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Mondal
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (T.M.); (G.M.); (J.J.)
| | - Coleman I. Smith
- MedStar-Georgetown Transplantation Institute, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA;
| | | | - Ruth Quartey
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20007, USA; (R.Q.); (C.D.H.)
| | - Gemeyel Moses
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (T.M.); (G.M.); (J.J.)
| | - Charles D. Howell
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20007, USA; (R.Q.); (C.D.H.)
| | - Brent Korba
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA;
| | - Bernard Kwabi-Addo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| | - Leanna R. Rucker
- Department of Internal Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA;
| | - Jheannelle Johnson
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (T.M.); (G.M.); (J.J.)
| | - Somiranjan Ghosh
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA; (T.M.); (G.M.); (J.J.)
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
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15
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Chen R, Petrazzini BO, Nadkarni G, Rocheleau G, Bansal M, Do R. Machine Learning Enables Single-Score Assessment of MASLD Presence and Severity. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.10.24.23297423. [PMID: 37961657 PMCID: PMC10635186 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.24.23297423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects 30% of the global population but is often underdiagnosed. To fill this diagnostic gap, we developed a digital score reflecting presence and severity of MASLD. We fitted a machine learning model to electronic health records from 37,212 UK Biobank participants with proton density fat fraction measurements and/or a MASLD diagnosis to generate a "MASLD score". In holdout testing, our model achieved areas under the receiver-operating curve of 0.83-0.84 for MASLD diagnosis and 0.90-0.91 for identifying MASLD-associated advanced fibrosis. MASLD score was significantly associated with MASLD risk factors, progression to cirrhosis, and mortality. External testing in 252,725 diverse American participants demonstrated consistent results, and hepatologist chart review showed MASLD score identified probable MASLD underdiagnosis. The MASLD score could improve early diagnosis and intervention of chronic liver disease by providing a non-invasive, low-cost method for population-wide screening of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Chen
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ben Omega Petrazzini
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Data Analytics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Girish Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ghislain Rocheleau
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Data Analytics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meena Bansal
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Hepatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ron Do
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Genomic Data Analytics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Kim SE, Min JS, Lee S, Lee DY, Choi D. Different effects of menopausal hormone therapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on the route of estrogen administration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15461. [PMID: 37726372 PMCID: PMC10509271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were compared based on the route of estrogen administration. The study included 368 postmenopausal women who received MHT for 12 months. Patients were divided into transdermal (n = 75) and oral (n = 293) groups based on the estrogen route. Changes in the prevalence of NAFLD were compared between the two groups before and after 12 months of MHT. In addition, differences in the progression of NAFLD after MHT based on the dose of estrogen and type of progestogen were evaluated in the oral group. After MHT, the prevalence of NAFLD decreased from 24 to 17.3% in the transdermal group but increased from 25.3 to 29.4% in the oral group. Little or no change was found in clinical characteristics and laboratory tests in the transdermal group during MHT. However, serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased and triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly in the oral group. Furthermore, changes in the prevalence of NAFLD were not significantly different based on the dose of estrogen or type of progestogen. Our findings indicate that transdermal estrogen can be beneficial in terms of NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Ji-Song Min
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Saemi Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Dong-Yun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | - DooSeok Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
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Oliviero F, Klement W, Mary L, Dauwe Y, Lippi Y, Naylies C, Gayrard V, Marchi N, Mselli-Lakhal L. CAR Protects Females from Diet-Induced Steatosis and Associated Metabolic Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:2218. [PMID: 37759441 PMCID: PMC10527310 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting 70-90% of obese individuals. In humans, a lower NAFLD incidence is reported in pre-menopausal women, although the mechanisms affording this protection remain under-investigated. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the constitutive androstane nuclear receptor (CAR) plays a role in the pathogenesis of experimental NAFLD. Male and female wild-type (WT) and CAR knock-out (CAR-/-) mice were subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. We examined the metabolic phenotype of mice through body weight follow-up, glucose tolerance tests, analysis of plasmatic metabolic markers, hepatic lipid accumulation, and hepatic transcriptome. Finally, we examined the potential impact of HFD and CAR deletion on specific brain regions, focusing on glial cells. HFD-induced weight gain and hepatic steatosis are more pronounced in WT males than females. CAR-/- females present a NASH-like hepatic transcriptomic signature suggesting a potential NAFLD to NASH transition. Transcriptomic correlation analysis highlighted a possible cross-talk between CAR and ERα receptors. The peripheral effects of CAR deletion in female mice were associated with astrogliosis in the hypothalamus. These findings prove that nuclear receptor CAR may be a potential mechanism entry-point and a therapeutic target for treating NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Oliviero
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Wendy Klement
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Lucile Mary
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Dauwe
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Lippi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Naylies
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Gayrard
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicola Marchi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Laila Mselli-Lakhal
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France
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18
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Zhang J, Huang X, Dong L, Yang Y, Kong D. Epidemiology of lean/non-obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Saudi Med J 2023; 44:848-863. [PMID: 37717964 PMCID: PMC10505295 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.9.20230021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence and metabolic characteristics of lean/non-obese (L/NO) nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in China. METHODS The databses, inlcuding PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, as well as Cochrane databases, were retrieved for eligible studies. The prevalence together with clinical features of L/NO-NAFLD in China were analyzed using a random/fixed effects model. Lean or nonobese participants were characterized by the cut-offs of body mass index used in original studies. Heterogeneity was identified using meta-regression and subgroup analyses. RESULTS We included 25 studies for the final analysis comprising 229091 L/NO Chinese adults and 22641 diagnosed with NAFLD, with the NAFLD prevalence of 8.98% (95% confidence interval [CI]: [5.55-13.13] for L-NAFLD Chinese participants and 13.77% (95% CI: [11.13-16.63]) for NO-NAFLD Chinese participants. This prevalence gradually increased during the past few years. The community and health checkup populations presented similar prevalence (14.19% vs. 13.55%). Meanwhile, L/NO patients with NAFLD showed lower blood pressure (128.86/80.48 vs. 136.09/84.98 mmHg), waist circumference (80.63 vs. 92.73 cm), fasting blood glucose (5.53 vs. 5.69 mmol/L), uric acid (339.14 vs. 365.46 μmol/L), triglyceride levels (1.63 vs. 1.94 mmol/L), alanine transaminase (30.28 vs. 33.12 IU/L), and γ-glutamyl transferase (29.9 vs. 43.68 IU/L), but higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.33 vs. 1.26 mmol/L) compared to overweight/obese (OW/O) patients with NAFLD. CONCLUSION Prevalence of NAFLD was slightly lower among the L/NO-NAFLD Chinese population than the global level but has obviously increased recently. In addition, the metabolic profile of L/NO-NAFLD patients was generally better compared to OW/O-NAFLD patients.PROSPERO Reg. No.: CRD42022327240.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Zhang
- From the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Zhang, Yang); from the Department of Geriatrics (Zhang); from the Department of Health Examination (Huang, Dong), Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, and from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Kong), Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaocheng Huang
- From the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Zhang, Yang); from the Department of Geriatrics (Zhang); from the Department of Health Examination (Huang, Dong), Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, and from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Kong), Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
| | - Luying Dong
- From the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Zhang, Yang); from the Department of Geriatrics (Zhang); from the Department of Health Examination (Huang, Dong), Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, and from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Kong), Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
| | - Yachao Yang
- From the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Zhang, Yang); from the Department of Geriatrics (Zhang); from the Department of Health Examination (Huang, Dong), Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, and from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Kong), Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
| | - Dehuan Kong
- From the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Zhang, Yang); from the Department of Geriatrics (Zhang); from the Department of Health Examination (Huang, Dong), Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, and from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Kong), Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
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19
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Weston WC, Hales KH, Hales DB. Flaxseed Reduces Cancer Risk by Altering Bioenergetic Pathways in Liver: Connecting SAM Biosynthesis to Cellular Energy. Metabolites 2023; 13:945. [PMID: 37623888 PMCID: PMC10456508 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This article illustrates how dietary flaxseed can be used to reduce cancer risk, specifically by attenuating obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We utilize a targeted metabolomics dataset in combination with a reanalysis of past work to investigate the "metabo-bioenergetic" adaptations that occur in White Leghorn laying hens while consuming dietary flaxseed. Recently, we revealed how the anti-vitamin B6 effects of flaxseed augment one-carbon metabolism in a manner that accelerates S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) biosynthesis. Researchers recently showed that accelerated SAM biosynthesis activates the cell's master energy sensor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Our paper provides evidence that flaxseed upregulates mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis in liver, concomitant with the attenuation of lipogenesis and polyamine biosynthesis. Defatted flaxseed likely functions as a metformin homologue by upregulating hepatic glucose uptake and pyruvate flux through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) in laying hens. In contrast, whole flaxseed appears to attenuate liver steatosis and body mass by modifying mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and lipogenesis. Several acylcarnitine moieties indicate Randle cycle adaptations that protect mitochondria from metabolic overload when hens consume flaxseed. We also discuss a paradoxical finding whereby flaxseed induces the highest glycated hemoglobin percentage (HbA1c%) ever recorded in birds, and we suspect that hyperglycemia is not the cause. In conclusion, flaxseed modifies bioenergetic pathways to attenuate the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and NAFLD, possibly downstream of SAM biosynthesis. These findings, if reproducible in humans, can be used to lower cancer risk within the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C. Weston
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Systemic Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;
| | - Karen H. Hales
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;
| | - Dale B. Hales
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Systemic Physiology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;
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20
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Mouzaki M, Xanthakos S. Reply. J Pediatr 2023; 259:113467. [PMID: 37179013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marialena Mouzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Stavra Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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21
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Engel BJ, Paolillo V, Uddin MN, Gonzales KA, McGinnis KM, Sutton MN, Patnana M, Grindel BJ, Gores GJ, Piwnica-Worms D, Beretta L, Pisaneschi F, Gammon ST, Millward SW. Gender Differences in a Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Revealed Using Multi-Modal Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3787. [PMID: 37568603 PMCID: PMC10417617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to rise, in part due to poor diet, limited exercise, and alcohol abuse. Numerous studies have suggested that the loss or mutation of PTEN plays a critical role in HCC tumorigenesis through the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling axis. The homozygous knockout of PTEN in the livers of mice results in the accumulation of fat (steatosis), inflammation, fibrosis, and eventually progression to HCC. This phenotype bears a striking similarity to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which is thought to occupy an intermediate stage between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), fibrosis, and HCC. The molecular and physiological phenotypes that manifest during the transition to HCC suggest that molecular imaging could provide a non-invasive screening platform to identify the hallmarks of HCC initiation prior to the presentation of clinical disease. We have carried out longitudinal imaging studies on the liver-specific PTEN knockout mouse model using CT, MRI, and multi-tracer PET to interrogate liver size, steatosis, inflammation, and apoptosis. In male PTEN knockout mice, significant steatosis was observed as early as 3 months using both magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and computed tomography (CT). Enhanced uptake of the apoptosis tracer 18F-TBD was also observed in the livers of male PTEN homozygous knockout mice between 3 and 4 months of age relative to heterozygous knockout controls. Liver uptake of the inflammation tracer [18F]4FN remained relatively low and constant over 7 months in male PTEN homozygous knockout mice, suggesting the suppression of high-energy ROS/RNS with PTEN deletion relative to heterozygous males where the [18F]4FN liver uptake was elevated at early and late time points. All male PTEN homozygous mice developed HCC lesions by month 10. In contrast to the male cohort, only 20% (2 out of 10) of female PTEN homozygous knockout mice developed HCC lesions by month 10. Steatosis was significantly less pronounced in the female PTEN homozygous knockout mice relative to males and could not accurately predict the eventual occurrence of HCC. As with the males, the [18F]4FN uptake in female PTEN homozygous knockout mice was low and constant throughout the time course. The liver uptake of 18F-TBD at 3 and 4.5 months was higher in the two female PTEN knockout mice that would eventually develop HCC and was the most predictive imaging biomarker for HCC in the female cohort. These studies demonstrate the diagnostic and prognostic role of multi-modal imaging in HCC mouse models and provide compelling evidence that disease progression in the PTEN knockout model is highly dependent on gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Engel
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vincenzo Paolillo
- Cyclotron Radiochemistry Facility, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Md. Nasir Uddin
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kristyn A. Gonzales
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kathryn M. McGinnis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Margie N. Sutton
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Madhavi Patnana
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian J. Grindel
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - David Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Laura Beretta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Federica Pisaneschi
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (IMM) at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Seth T. Gammon
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven W. Millward
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Yang L, Meng Y, Shi Y, Fang H, Zhang L. Maternal hepatic immunology during pregnancy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1220323. [PMID: 37457700 PMCID: PMC10348424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1220323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver plays pivotal roles in immunologic responses, and correct hepatic adaptations in maternal immunology are required during pregnancy. In this review, we focus on anatomical and immunological maternal hepatic adaptations during pregnancy, including our recent reports in this area. Moreover, we summarize maternal pregnancy-associated liver diseases, including hyperemesis gravidarum; intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy; preeclampsia, specifically hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome; and acute fatty liver of pregnancy. In addition, the latest information about the factors that regulate hepatic immunology during pregnancy are reviewed for the first time, including human chorionic gonadotropin, estrogen, progesterone, growth hormone, insulin like growth factor 1, oxytocin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenal hormone, prolactin, melatonin and prostaglandins. In summary, the latest progress on maternal hepatic anatomy and immunological adaptations, maternal pregnancy-associated diseases and the factors that regulate hepatic immunology during pregnancy are discussed, which may be used to prevent embryo loss and abortion, as well as pregnancy-associated liver diseases.
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23
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Araujo LCC, Cruz AG, Camargo FN, Sucupira FG, Moreira GV, Matos SL, Amaral AG, Murata GM, Carvalho CRO, Camporez JP. Estradiol Protects Female ApoE KO Mice against Western-Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9845. [PMID: 37372993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is higher in men than in women of reproductive age, and postmenopausal women are especially susceptible to developing the disease. AIM we evaluated if female apolipoprotein E (ApoE) KO mice were protected against Western-diet (WD)-induced NASH. METHODS Female ovariectomized (OVX) ApoE KO mice or sham-operated (SHAM) mice were fed either a WD or a regular chow (RC) for 7 weeks. Additionally, OVX mice fed a WD were treated with either estradiol (OVX + E2) or vehicle (OVX). RESULTS Whole-body fat, plasma glucose, and plasma insulin were increased and associated with increased glucose intolerance in OVX mice fed a WD (OVX + WD). Plasma and hepatic triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) hepatic enzymes were also increased in the plasma of OVX + WD group, which was associated with hepatic fibrosis and inflammation. Estradiol replacement in OVX mice reduced body weight, body fat, glycemia, and plasma insulin associated with reduced glucose intolerance. Treatment also reduced hepatic triglycerides, ALT, AST, hepatic fibrosis, and inflammation in OVX mice. CONCLUSIONS These data support the hypothesis that estradiol protects OVX ApoE KO mice from NASH and glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layanne C C Araujo
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra G Cruz
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe N Camargo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Felipe G Sucupira
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela V Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Sandro L Matos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Andressa G Amaral
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gilson Masahiro Murata
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Carla R O Carvalho
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Joao Paulo Camporez
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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24
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Wang MX, Peng ZG. 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108428. [PMID: 37116587 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a worldwide epidemic and a major public health problem, with a prevalence of approximately 25%. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex and may be affected by the environment and susceptible genetic factors, resulting in a highly variable disease course and no approved drugs in the clinic. Notably, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 13 (HSD17B13), which belongs to the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase superfamily (HSD17Bs), is closely related to the clinical outcome of liver disease. HSD17Bs consists of fifteen members, most related to steroid and lipid metabolism, and may have the same biological function as HSD17B13. In this review, we highlight recent advances in basic research on the functional activities, major substrates, and key roles of HSD17Bs in the progression of NAFLD to develop innovative anti-NAFLD drugs targeting HSD17Bs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Xi Wang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Zong-Gen Peng
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, The National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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25
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Zhou J, Qi X, Pan N, Li W, Fang H, Wang J, Wang S. A novel UPLC-ESI-MS assay for fifteen portal estrogens and metabolites detection and application in hepatic fibrosis. Anal Biochem 2023; 671:115158. [PMID: 37062458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens and their metabolites (EMs) are involved in chronic liver disease and gut microbiota regulates estrogen metabolism, whereas the role of enterogenous EMs in liver disease is still elusive. Because of the extremely low level of EMs in portal serum and the EMs contain multiple pairs of isomers, an accurate determination of portal serum EMs is urgently needed. This study established a quantitative detection method for portal serum EMs and applied to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) related hepatic fibrosis mice model. The serum was derived with a novel derivatization reagent 4-acetyl aminobenzene sulfonyl chloride, and a UPLC-ESI-MS system was used for quantification of 15 EMs in 120 min. Compared with normal group, the concentrations of E1, E2 in model group were significantly decreased by 4-8 times, all the C2 and C4 substitution products (2-OHE1, 2-OHE2, 2-MeOE1, 4-OHE1, 4-MeOE1, 4-OHE2, 4-MeOE2, 2-MeOE2) were significantly decreased by 2-22 times. However, the C16 and C17 substitution products (E3, 16-epiE3, 17-epiE3, 16-ketoE2) levels were increased by 3-5 times (P < 0.01). This study elucidated the changes of enterogenous EMs which entered the liver via portal vein in NAFLD - related hepatic fibrosis and provided methodological platform for other related studies on estrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Anhui, Medical University, NO.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xueping Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Anhui, Medical University, NO.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Na Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Anhui, Medical University, NO.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wanli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Anhui, Medical University, NO.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Haiming Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO.678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Anhui, Medical University, NO.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- Center for Scientific Research, Anhui Medical University, NO.81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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26
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De Herdt C, De Block C, Francque S, Verrijken A, Van Dessel K, Van Gaal L, Van Cauwenberghe J, Dirinck E. A cross-sectional analysis of the association between testosterone and biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in men with obesity. Endocrine 2023; 80:54-63. [PMID: 36857008 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the association between testosterone and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) since prior studies have reported inconsistent results. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed including obese men who underwent a liver biopsy and a metabolic and hepatological work-up. Free testosterone (CFT) was calculated by the Vermeulen equation. The association between total testosterone (total T) and CFT on the one hand and NAFLD and fibrosis on the other hand was investigated and corrected for biasing factors such as metabolic parameters. RESULTS In total, 134 men (mean age 45 ± 12 years, median BMI 39.6 (25.0-64.9) kg/m²) were included. The level of total T and CFT did not significantly differ between NAFL and NASH and the stages of steatosis and ballooning. CFT was significantly lower in a higher stage of fibrosis (p = 0.013), not seen for total T and not persisting after controlling for the influence of BMI, HDL cholesterol and HOMA-IR. A higher stage of lobular inflammation was associated with a lower level of total T (p = 0.033), not seen for CFT and not persisting after controlling for the influence of visceral adipose tissue surface and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS This is the second largest study investigating the association between testosterone and biopsy-proven NAFLD. No significant association between testosterone levels and NAFLD, and the different histological subgroups or fibrosis was seen. The lower level of CFT in a higher stage of fibrosis and the association between total T and lobular inflammation was driven by poor metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlien De Herdt
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Christophe De Block
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sven Francque
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Verrijken
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Dessel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Gaal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jolijn Van Cauwenberghe
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eveline Dirinck
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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27
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Zhao M, Ma L, Honda T, Kato A, Ohshiro T, Yokoyama S, Yamamoto K, Ito T, Imai N, Ishizu Y, Nakamura M, Kawashima H, Tsuji NM, Ishigami M, Fujishiro M. Astaxanthin Attenuates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis with Downregulation of Osteoprotegerin in Ovariectomized Mice Fed Choline-Deficient High-Fat Diet. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:155-163. [PMID: 35397697 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal estrogen decline increases the risk of developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and it might accelerate progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. AIMS This study aimed to investigate a novel therapy for postmenopausal women who are diagnosed with NASH. METHODS Seven-week-old female C57BL/6 J mice were divided into three experimental groups as follows: (1) sham operation (SHAM group), (2) ovariectomy (OVX group), and (3) ovariectomy + 0.02% astaxanthin (OVX + ASTX group). These three groups of mice were fed a choline-deficient high-fat (CDHF) diet for 8 weeks. Blood serum and liver tissues were collected to examine liver injury, histological changes, and hepatic genes associated with NASH. An in vitro study was performed with the hepatic stellate cell line LX-2. RESULTS The administration of ASTX significantly improved pathological NASH with suppressed steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, in comparison with those in the OVX-induced estrogen deficiency group. As a result, liver injury was also attenuated with reduced levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase. In addition, our study found that ASTX supplementation decreased hepatic osteoprotegerin (OPG) in vivo, a possible factor that contributes to NASH development. In vitro, this study further confirmed that ASTX has an inhibitory effect on the secretion of OPG in LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that ASTX alleviates CDHF-OVX-induced pathohistological NASH with downregulated OPG, possibly via suppression of the transforming growth factor beta pathway. ASTX could has promise for use in postmenopausal women diagnosed with NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Lingyun Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Asuka Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.,ITOCHU Collaborative Research-Molecular Targeted Cancer Treatment for Next Generation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Taichi Ohshiro
- ITOCHU Collaborative Research-Molecular Targeted Cancer Treatment for Next Generation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shinya Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takanori Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Norihiro Imai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoji Ishizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masanao Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawashima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriko M Tsuji
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Food Science, Jumonji University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Dai W, Liu H, Zhang T, Chang Q, Zhao Y, Guo C, Xia Y. Dairy product consumption was associated with a lower likelihood of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1119118. [PMID: 36908921 PMCID: PMC9992538 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1119118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease. Several epidemiological studies attempted to assess the association between dairy product and the likelihood of NAFLD, but the contribution of dairy consumption to NAFLD remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between dairy product consumption and NAFLD. Methods We conducted a literature search using the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, we conducted a thorough search of the literature published before January 5, 2023. Combined odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NAFLD in relation to dairy product intake were estimated using random-effects models. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed according to the study design, region, sex, body mass index (BMI), type of exposure, NAFLD diagnostic criteria, and exposure assessment tools. Results We initially identified 4,634 relevant studies, of which 25 complied with the inclusion criteria, including seven cross-sectional studies, six case-control studies and one cohort study. A total of 51,476 participants (14,546 patients with NAFLD) were included in the meta-analysis. There was an inverse association between dairy product consumption and NAFLD (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.94-0.99). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that lower likelihood of NAFLD was associated with dairy product consumption in subgroups of Asian populations, women, patients diagnosed using NAFLD-related scores, patients with a BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, dairy intake assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, milk consumption, and yogurt consumption. No noteworthy connection was observed in the other subgroups. Conclusion Our meta-analysis findings revealed that dairy product consumption is inversely associated with NAFLD. Consumption of dairy products could help prevent the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiyuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuanji Guo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
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Fresneda S, Abbate M, Busquets-Cortés C, López-González A, Fuster-Parra P, Bennasar-Veny M, Yáñez AM. Sex and age differences in the association of fatty liver index-defined non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study. Biol Sex Differ 2022; 13:64. [PMID: 36333736 PMCID: PMC9636717 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-022-00475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the extensive scientific evidence accumulating on the epidemiological risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), evidence exploring sex- and age-related differences remains insufficient. The present cross-sectional study aims to investigate possible sex differences in the prevalence of FLI-defined NAFLD as well as in its association with common risk factors across different age groups, in a large sample of Spanish working adults. Methods This cross-sectional study included data from 33,216 Spanish adult workers (18–65 years) randomly selected during voluntary routine occupational medical examinations. Sociodemographic characteristics (age and social class), anthropometric (height, weight, and waist circumference) and clinical parameters (blood pressure and serum parameters) were collected. NAFLD was determined by the validated fatty liver index (FLI) with a cut-off value of ≥ 60. The presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was assessed according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Cardiovascular risk was determined using the REGICOR-Framingham equation. The association between FLI-defined NAFLD and risk factors by sex and age was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression. Results The prevalence of FLI-defined NAFLD (FLI ≥ 60) was 19.1% overall, 27.9% (95% CI 23.3–28.5%) for men and 6.8% (95% CI 6.4–7.3%) for women and increasing across age intervals. As compared to women, men presented worse cardiometabolic and anthropometric profiles. The multivariate analysis model showed that hepatic steatosis assessed by FLI was strongly associated with age, HDL-cholesterol, social class, prediabetes, diabetes, prehypertension, hypertension, and smoking status for both men and women. The association between diabetes and hypertension with FLI-defined NAFLD was stronger in women than in men at both univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusions Men presented a higher prevalence of NAFLD than women across all age intervals, as well as a worse cardiometabolic profile and a higher cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, the association between FLI-defined NAFLD and diabetes or hypertension was significantly stronger in women than in men, possibly indicating that the presence of a dysmetabolic state might affect women more than men with regard to liver outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13293-022-00475-7. There is a lack of evidence exploring sex- and age-related differences on the epidemiological risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In our sample, hepatic steatosis assessed by FLI is more prevalent in men than women and is associated with age, lower social class and a dysmetabolic state characterized by prediabetes or diabetes, prehypertension or hypertension and low HDL-cholesterol. Importantly, we observed that although FLI-defined NAFLD is strongly associated with cardiometabolic imbalances in both sexes, its association with diabetes and hypertension is stronger in women than in men, regardless of age. We also observed that such association in women is evident even at stages preceding diabetes and hypertension and at younger ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Fresneda
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Research Group on Global Health & Human Development, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain
| | - Manuela Abbate
- Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Research Group on Global Health & Human Development, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Escuela Universitaria ADEMA, C/ Gremi de Passamaners, 11, 07009 Palma, Illes Balears Spain
| | - Carla Busquets-Cortés
- Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Escuela Universitaria ADEMA, C/ Gremi de Passamaners, 11, 07009 Palma, Illes Balears Spain
| | - Arturo López-González
- Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Escuela Universitaria ADEMA, C/ Gremi de Passamaners, 11, 07009 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Prevention of Occupational Risk in Health Services, Balearic Islands Health Service, C/ Reina Esclaramunda, 9, 07003 Palma, Illes Balears Spain
| | - Pilar Fuster-Parra
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain
| | - Miquel Bennasar-Veny
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Research Group on Global Health & Human Development, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aina M. Yáñez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain ,Research Group on Global Health & Human Development, Balearic Islands University, Cra. de Valldemossa, Km 7,5, 07122 Palma, Illes Balears Spain
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Fouda S, Vennikandam MM, Pappachan JM, Fernandez CJ. Pregnancy and Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Clinical Update. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:947-954. [PMID: 36304500 PMCID: PMC9547252 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The intricate relationship between metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and maternal complications has rapidly become a significant health threat in pregnant women. The presence of MAFLD in pregnancy increases the maternal risk of metabolic complications and comorbidities for both mother and baby. The preexistence or development of MAFLD in pregnancy is a complex multifactorial disorder that can lead to further complications for mother and baby. Therefore, as pregnant women are severely underrepresented in clinical research, there is a great need for a fair inclusion of this group in clinical trials. This review aims to explore the effects of MAFLD during pregnancy in the context of maternal complications and outcomes and explore the effects of pregnancy on the development and progression of MAFLD within the context of maternal obesity, altered metabolic profiles, gestational diabetes and altered hormonal profiles. We also addressed potential implications for the presence of MAFLD during pregnancy and its management in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherouk Fouda
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Madhu Mathew Vennikandam
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sparrow Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Joseph M. Pappachan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston, UK
- Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Correspondence to: Joseph M Pappachan, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Royal Preston Hospital, Sharoe Green Lane, Preston PR2 9HT, UK. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0886-5255. Tel/Fax: +44-1-7725-22092, E-Mail:
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Wang ZP, Hua M, Jiu T, Ge RL, Bai Z. Biofunctional roles of estrogen in coronavirus disease 2019: Beyond a steroid hormone. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1003469. [PMID: 36339571 PMCID: PMC9626865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1003469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), epidemic poses a major global public health threat with more than one million daily new infections and hundreds of deaths. To combat this global pandemic, efficient prevention and management strategies are urgently needed. Together with the main characteristics of COVID-19, impaired coagulation with dysfunctions of the immune response in COVID-19 pathophysiology causes high mortality and morbidity. From recent clinical observations, increased expression of specific types of estrogen appears to protect patients from SARS-CoV-2 infection, thereby, reducing mortality. COVID-19 severity is less common in women than in men, particularly in menopausal women. Furthermore, estrogen levels are negatively correlated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. These findings suggest that estrogen plays a protective role in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the potential roles of estrogen in blocking the SARS-CoV-2 from invading alveolar cells and replicating, and summarize the potential mechanisms of anti-inflammation, immune modulation, reactive oxygen species resistance, anti-thrombosis, vascular dilation, and vascular endothelium protection. Finally, the potential therapeutic effects of estrogen against COVID-19 are reviewed. This review provides insights into the role of estrogen and its use as a potential strategy to reduce the mortality associated with COVID-19, and possibly other viral infections and discusses the possible challenges and pertinent questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ping Wang
- Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Mao Hua
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Tai Jiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Ri-Li Ge
- Research Center of High-Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Joint Lab of Qinghai-Utah for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhenzhong Bai
- Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Research Center of High-Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Joint Lab of Qinghai-Utah for High Altitude Medicine, School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Keshavarz Z, Rahimlou M, Farjam M, Homayounfar R, Khodadost M, Abdollahi A, Tabrizi R. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dairy products consumption: Results from FASA Persian cohort study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:962834. [PMID: 36159487 PMCID: PMC9500577 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.962834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives There are limited data on the association between dairy products consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study was conducted to evaluate the association between total intake of different dairy products and fatty liver index (FLI), a marker of subclinical fatty liver. Methods A total of 7,540 adults were included in this population-based cohort study. Dairy products consumption was evaluated by a validated interview questionnaire for food intake frequency. The FLI was calculated using the standard formula. Liver enzyme levels, lipid profiles, glycemic profiles and demographic characteristics were recorded for all participants. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to respectively assess the mean percentage difference of mean FLI and odds ratios (ORs) for subclinical NAFLD across quantiles of dairy consumption. Results The mean age of all participants was 48.81 ± 9.631 years. FLI measurements for men and women were 26.71 ± 23.39 and 39.99 ± 26.64 respectively, which was significantly higher in women (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the amount of milk consumption was an independent preventive predictor of FLI (OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94–0.99), conversely, it did not predict higher levels of liver enzymes. In term of cheese intake, participants in the third tertile of cheese intake had significantly lower FLI than lower tertiles (P = 0.01). However, there wasn't any significant association between cheese intake and the odds of FLI in the multivariate model (P > 0.05). We didn't find any significant association between yogurt consumption and NAFLD indicators (P > 0.05). Conclusion Higher milk consumption was inversely associated with FLI. However, there wasn't any significant association between other types of dairy products and NAFLD indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Keshavarz
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Farjam
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Reza Homayounfar
| | - Mahmoud Khodadost
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Abdollahi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Reza Tabrizi
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Polyzos SA, Lambrinoudaki I, Goulis DG. Menopausal hormone therapy in women with dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:375-381. [PMID: 35532850 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cessation of ovarian function is associated with an increase in abdominal adipose tissue, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which may contribute to the augmented cardiovascular risk observed in postmenopausal women. After ovarian function stops, circulating triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations increase, whereas high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and lipoprotein (Lp(a)) remain essentially unchanged. Similarly, the rates of NAFLD, possibly including the advanced forms of the disease (e.g., hepatic fibrosis), increase in postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women. These effects make menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) an attractive way to restore them. Estrogen per os decreases LDL-C and Lp(a) and increases HDL-C and triglyceride concentrations. The transdermal administration of estrogen has a more neutral effect on triglycerides, albeit a less beneficial effect on LDL-C, HDL-C, and Lp(a). Co-administration of a progestagen diminishes the effect of estrogen on LDL-C, HDL-C, and Lp(a), which, however, remains beneficial. Importantly, the effect may vary with different progestagens, being lesser with natural progesterone and dydrogesterone. Regarding the effect of MHT on NAFLD, though experimental data are currently favorable, clinical evidence is to date limited and controversial. Therefore, there is a need for specifically designed clinical trials, ideally with paired liver biopsies, to demonstrate the effect of different MHT schemes on NAFLD, which is of considerable importance, given that NAFLD is more prevalent after the cessation of ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Irene Lambrinoudaki
- Menopause Unit, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieio Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Abdelnabi MN, Flores Molina M, Soucy G, Quoc-Huy Trinh V, Bédard N, Mazouz S, Jouvet N, Dion J, Tran S, Bilodeau M, Estall JL, Shoukry NH. Sex-Dependent Hepatoprotective Role of IL-22 Receptor Signaling in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Related Fibrosis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:1269-1294. [PMID: 35970323 PMCID: PMC9596743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health problem with complex pathogenesis. Although sex differences in NAFLD pathogenesis have been reported, the mechanisms underlying such differences remain understudied. Interleukin (IL)22 is a pleiotropic cytokine with both protective and/or pathogenic effects during liver injury. IL22 was shown to be hepatoprotective in NAFLD-related liver injury. However, these studies relied primarily on exogenous administration of IL22 and did not examine the sex-dependent effect of IL22. Here, we sought to characterize the role of endogenous IL22-receptor signaling during NAFLD-induced liver injury in males and females. METHODS We used immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, histopathologic assessment, and gene expression analysis to examine IL22 production and characterize the intrahepatic immune landscape in human subjects with NAFLD (n = 20; 11 men and 9 women) and in an in vivo Western high-fat diet-induced NAFLD model in IL22RA knock out mice and their wild-type littermates. RESULTS Examination of publicly available data sets from 2 cohorts with NAFLD showed increased hepatic IL22 gene expression in females compared with males. Furthermore, our immunofluorescence analysis of liver sections from NAFLD subjects (n = 20) showed increased infiltration of IL22-producing cells in females. Similarly, IL22-producing cells were increased in wild-type female mice with NAFLD and the hepatic IL22/IL22 binding protein messenger RNA ratio correlated with expression of anti-apoptosis genes. The lack of endogenous IL22-receptor signaling (IL22RA knockout) led to exacerbated liver damage, inflammation, apoptosis, and liver fibrosis in female, but not male, mice with NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a sex-dependent hepatoprotective antiapoptotic effect of IL22-receptor signaling during NAFLD-related liver injury in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed N Abdelnabi
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Manuel Flores Molina
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Soucy
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bédard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sabrina Mazouz
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jouvet
- Institut de Recherches, Cliniques de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jessica Dion
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Tran
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Bilodeau
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de Recherches, Cliniques de Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Naglaa H Shoukry
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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A review of the effects of estrogen and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation on intrauterine adhesion and endometriosis. Transpl Immunol 2022; 79:101679. [PMID: 35908631 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Uterus transplantation has become an option for women suffering from some form of infertility. Current review discusses key physiological functions of the endometrium requiring the transition of tissue cells between the mesenchyme and epithelial cell phenotype, a process known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Estrogen and EMT play a key role in the pathogenesis and treatment of intrauterine adhesion and endometriosis. There is also a close regulatory relationship between estrogen and EMT, and investigation of this relationship is of great significance for the treatment of endometrial disorders. The present review discusses the effects of estrogen on endometrial dysfunction, with a focus on the relationship between estrogen and EMT in endometrial disorders, taking into consideration the mechanisms by which receptors that regulate their functions and proteins that regulate their local biological functions interact with the factors involved in EMT. In addition, the review summarizes emerging drugs targeting receptors or proteins and provides information on the direction of new therapies for endometrial disorders.
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Associations of Sex Steroids and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Study and Meta-Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060966. [PMID: 35741728 PMCID: PMC9223113 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prior studies have reported inconsistent results or less well-explored associations between sex hormones and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we aimed to investigate the associations of NAFLD with sex steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in the population-based study and conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of all published observational studies. Methods: Analyses included 755 men and 1109 women with available data on sex steroids, SHBG, and ultrasound-based NAFLD from the Rotterdam Study. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the associations. Additionally, we searched five databases from inception to 1 April 2022 and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) method was used for meta-analysis, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the effect estimate, subgroup and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses were conducted, and meta-regression was performed to explore the pooled statistics with high heterogeneity. Results: In the Rotterdam Study, lower levels of SHBG were associated with NAFLD in both sexes, while lower testosterone was associated with NAFLD only among women. Similarly, the meta-analysis of 16 studies indicated no sex-specific association between SHBG and NAFLD (men: OR = 0.37, 95%CI 0.21–0.53; women: OR = 0.40, 95%CI 0.21–0.60), yet there was a sex-specific association between testosterone and NAFLD (men: OR = 0.59, 95%CI 0.42–0.76; women: OR = 1.06, 95%CI 0.68–1.44). Moreover, men with NAFLD had lower estradiol levels than those without NAFLD. Conclusions: Lower SHBG levels were associated with NAFLD in both sexes, but testosterone levels were associated in a sex-specific manner. In addition, our results showed estradiol with the potential as a protective factor for NAFLD in healthy men.
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Yin Y, Li D, Liu F, Wang X, Cui Y, Li S, Li X. The Ameliorating Effects of Apple Polyphenol Extract on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis Are SIRT1-Dependent: Evidence from Hepatic-Specific SIRT1 Heterozygous Mutant C57BL/6 Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5579-5594. [PMID: 35485931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Apple polyphenol extract (APE) has been reported to possess protective effects against hepatic steatosis. To explore whether APE-induced alleviation of hepatic steatosis is SIRT1-dependent, the present study was carried out using wild-type and hepatic SIRT1 heterozygous mutant (Sirt1+/-) C57BL/6 mice. On consideration of the sex disparity related to hepatic steatosis morbidity, both male and female mice were included in the study. Six to eight week old mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and randomly assigned to one of the following groups: (1) wild-type mice (wt+HFD), (2) Sirt1+/- mice (Sirt1+/-+HFD), and (3) Sirt1+/- mice with 500 mg/(kg·bw·d) APE intragastric administration (Sirt1+/-+HAP). HFD-induced weight gain and triglyceride accumulation was more prominent in Sirt1+/- mice in comparison to wild-type mice. Following APE treatment, these effects were significantly reduced along with the alleviation of hepatic steatosis via upregulated expression of SIRT1 at the protein and mRNA levels in both male and female mice. However, APE differentially regulated the genes related to lipid metabolism (Lkb1, Ampk, Hsl, Srebp-1c, Abcg1, and Cd36) in a sex-specific manner. Moreover, APE treatment altered gut microbiota composition, with an increased relative abundance of Akkermansia and a decreased Firmicutes/Bacterodetes ratio. Thus, our study provided new evidence supporting our hypothesis that APE-induced alleviation of hepatic steatosis is SIRT1-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yin
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Deming Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjing Wang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Cui
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilan Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, People's Republic of China
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Associations of Urinary Phytoestrogen Concentrations with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Adults. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:4912961. [PMID: 35399831 PMCID: PMC8989597 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4912961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens can alleviate some pathological processes related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, there are limited and contradictory studies on the relationships between phytoestrogens (especially single phytoestrogen) and NAFLD. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between urinary phytoestrogen concentrations and NAFLD in American adults. This cross-sectional study used the data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2010, and 2294 adults were finally enrolled in this study. The concentrations of phytoestrogens were measured in urine samples, and urinary phytoestrogens were divided into tertiles according to the concentration distributions. The diagnosis of NAFLD was determined by the United States fatty liver index. The main analysis used a multivariate logistic regression model. The fully adjusted models included gender, age, race, education, marriage, poverty, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and other five phytoestrogens. In the fully adjusted model, the urinary enterolactone (ENL) concentration was negatively correlated with NAFLD (OR of Tertile 3 : 0.48, 95% CI 0.25–0.94). When stratified by age and gender, the urinary ENL concentration was negatively correlated with NAFLD in males aged 40–59 years (OR of Tertile 3 : 0.08, 95% CI 0.01–0.82), while the urinary equol concentration was positively correlated with NAFLD in such population (OR of Tertile 3 : 4.27, 95% CI 1.02–17.85). In addition, a negative correlation between enterodiol (END) concentration and NAFLD was observed in males aged 60 years or over (OR of Tertile 2 : 0.18, 95% CI 0.05–0.69). Collectively, in middle-aged males, urinary ENL may be associated with a lower risk of NAFLD, while urinary equol may be related to a higher risk. In addition, urinary END has a possible relationship with a reduced risk of NAFLD in elder males. Definitely, clinical randomized controlled trials are needed to further verify the conclusions.
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Lee C, Kim J, Han J, Oh D, Kim M, Jeong H, Kim TJ, Kim SW, Kim JN, Seo YS, Suzuki A, Kim JH, Jung Y. Formyl peptide receptor 2 determines sex-specific differences in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:578. [PMID: 35102146 PMCID: PMC8803937 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important health concern worldwide and progresses into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Although prevalence and severity of NAFLD/NASH are higher in men than premenopausal women, it remains unclear how sex affects NAFLD/NASH pathophysiology. Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) modulates inflammatory responses in several organs; however, its role in the liver is unknown. Here we show that FPR2 mediates sex-specific responses to diet-induced NAFLD/NASH. NASH-like liver injury was induced in both sexes during choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) feeding, but compared with females, male mice had more severe hepatic damage. Fpr2 was more highly expressed in hepatocytes and healthy livers from females than males, and FPR2 deletion exacerbated liver damage in CDAHFD-fed female mice. Estradiol induced Fpr2 expression, which protected hepatocytes and the liver from damage. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that FPR2 mediates sex-specific responses to diet-induced NAFLD/NASH, suggesting a novel therapeutic target for NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanbin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Oh
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeong Jeong
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Nam Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayako Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Jung
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Chattopadhyay M, Jenkins EC, Lechuga-Vieco AV, Nie K, Fiel MI, Rialdi A, Guccione E, Enriquez JA, Sia D, Lujambio A, Germain D. The portrait of liver cancer is shaped by mitochondrial genetics. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Zhu C, Ma H, Huang D, Li G, Gao J, Cai M, You H, Bu L, Qu S. J-Shaped Relationship Between Serum Prolactin and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Female Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:815995. [PMID: 35222274 PMCID: PMC8875202 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.815995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become a worldwide epidemic. Prolactin (PRL), a pituitary hormone, has been linked to MAFLD. As a result, we set out to look into the relationship between serum PRL and the risk of MAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A total of 724 adults with T2DM were enrolled and categorized as MAFLD and non-MAFLD groups. Anthropometric data, biochemical parameters, and serum PRL levels were collected. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were assessed using FibroScan. Patients were stratified into normal PRL (NP) and high PRL (HP) groups and divided into four groups based on serum PRL quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between serum PRL and MAFLD risk. RESULTS Female but not male patients with MAFLD, liver steatosis, and fibrosis had significantly lower PRL levels in the NP group but higher PRL levels in the HP group than their counterparts. The proportions of MAFLD, liver steatosis, and fibrosis were significantly decreased in the NP group but increased in the HP group across the PRL quartiles in females but not in males. After multivariate adjustment, the adjusted ORs (AORs) and 95% CI for MAFLD among females were 18.165 (3.425-96.336), 1.784 (0.658-5.002), 1.744 (0.608-4.832), and 1.00 (reference) in the NP group (Q1-Q4, P-trend < 0.001) and 1.00 (reference), 11.098 (1.819-110.356), 15.225 (1.996-116.112), and 18.211 (2.579-128.568) in the HP group (Q1-Q4, P-trend = 0.020). Such associations were also found between serum PRL and liver fibrosis in females but not in males. CONCLUSION We observed a J-shaped association between serum PRL and the risk of MAFLD and liver fibrosis in females but not in males with T2DM, indicating that PRL may be relevant to MAFLD and its progression in a gender-specific manner. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, number ChiCTR-OCS-12002381.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Metabolic Management Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Metabolic Management Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifang Li
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Pu'er City, Pu'er, China
| | - Jingyang Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Metabolic Management Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meili Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Metabolic Management Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Metabolic Management Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Bu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Metabolic Management Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Metabolic Management Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yang Y, Li S, Xu Y, Ke J, Zhao D. The Perirenal Fat Thickness Was Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1505-1515. [PMID: 35586202 PMCID: PMC9109981 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s350579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is an important risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Perirenal fat and paranephric fat were seldom studied in NAFLD. We aimed to explore the relationship between perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) and paranephric fat thickness (PnFT) and NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 493 diabetic patients including 231 NAFLD patients were enrolled in our study from September 2019 to December 2020. Patients with NAFLD were categorized into three subgroups according to the severity and fibrosis risk of NAFLD. Anthropometric indices and clinical characteristics were collected from clinical records. PrFT and PnFT were measured via ultrasound. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between PrFT, PnFT and presence, severity and advanced fibrosis risk of NAFLD. RESULTS Compared with non-NAFLD patients, those with NAFLD had significantly higher PrFT and PnFT. The PrFT and PnFT were independently associated with presence of NAFLD and the PrFT was independently associated with the advanced fibrosis risk of NAFLD after adjusting confounding factors. CONCLUSION The PrFT was independently associated with the presence and advanced fibrosis risk of NAFLD in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Yang
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuting Li
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuechao Xu
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Ke
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jing Ke; Dong Zhao, Email ;
| | - Dong Zhao
- Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Ito T, Yamamoto Y, Yamagishi N, Kanai Y. Stomach secretes estrogen in response to the blood triglyceride levels. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1364. [PMID: 34876651 PMCID: PMC8651635 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals receive body energy information to maintain energy homeostasis. Ghrelin, insulin, leptin and vagal afferents transmit the status of fasting, blood glucose, body fat, and food intake, respectively. Estrogen also inhibits feeding behavior and lipogenesis, but increases body fat mass. However, how blood triglyceride levels are monitored and the physiological roles of estrogen from the perspective of lipid homeostasis remain unsettled. Here, we show that stomach secretes estrogen in response to the blood triglyceride levels. Estrogen-secreting gastric parietal cells predominantly use fatty acids as an energy source. Blood estrogen levels increase as blood triglyceride levels rise in a stomach-dependent manner. Estrogen levels in stomach tissues increase as blood triglyceride levels rise, and isolated gastric gland epithelium produces estrogen in a fatty acid-dependent manner. We therefore propose that stomach monitors and controls blood triglyceride levels using estrogen, which inhibits feeding behavior and lipogenesis, and promotes triglyceride uptake by adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Ito
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Yamagishi
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kanai
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
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Li X, Cao G, Yang H, Zhi D, Li L, Wang D, Liu M, Su H. S100A8 expression in oviduct mucosal epithelial cells is regulated by estrogen and affects mucosal immune homeostasis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260188. [PMID: 34793556 PMCID: PMC8601440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation can cause oviduct mucosal damage and immune dysfunction, leading to infertility, early pregnancy loss, ectopic pregnancy, tumors, and a decrease in reproductive capacities in female animals. Estrogen can suppress immune responses in different tissues and oviducts, and regulate the oviduct immune balance; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the mechanism of estrogen-regulated oviduct mucosal immunity and discover new estrogen targets for regulating oviduct mucosal immune homeostasis. Sheep oviduct epithelial cells (SOECs) were treated with 17-β estradiol (E2). Transcriptome sequencing and analysis showed differentially expressed S100 calcium-binding protein A (S100A) genes that may participate in the oviduct mucosa immunoregulation of estrogen. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry analysis showed that S100A8 expression changed dynamically in E2-treated SOECs and peaked after 7 h of treatment. Estrogen nuclear receptors and G protein-coupled membrane receptors promoted E2-dependent S100A8 upregulation. The S100A8 gene was disrupted using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 method. Levels of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-4 were significantly upregulated in S100A8-knockdown SOECs, whereas those of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was downregulated. Following S100A8 knockdown in SOECs treated with E2 for 7 h, IL-10 levels increased significantly. Estrogen affected oviduct mucosa immune function and dynamically regulated S100A8 in SOECs. S100A8 knockdown caused an excessive immune response, indicating that S100A8 is beneficial for maintaining immune homeostasis in the oviduct mucosa. Moreover, estrogen can compensate for the effect of S100A8 knockdown by upregulating IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Guifang Cao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Hongxin Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Dafu Zhi
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Li
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hohhot, Hohhot, China
| | - Daqing Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Moning Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hong Su
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Lefebvre P, Staels B. Hepatic sexual dimorphism - implications for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:662-670. [PMID: 34417588 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00538-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The liver is often thought of as a single functional unit, but both its structural and functional architecture make it highly multivalent and adaptable. In any given physiological situation, the liver can maintain metabolic homeostasis, conduct appropriate inflammatory responses, carry out endobiotic and xenobiotic transformation and synthesis reactions, as well as store and release multiple bioactive molecules. Moreover, the liver is a very resilient organ. This resilience means that chronic liver diseases can go unnoticed for decades, yet culminate in life-threatening clinical complications once the adaptive capacity of the liver is overwhelmed. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) predisposes individuals to cirrhosis and increases liver-related and cardiovascular disease-related mortality. This Review discusses the accumulating evidence of sexual dimorphism in NAFLD, which is currently rarely considered in preclinical and clinical studies. Increased awareness of the mechanistic causes of hepatic sexual dimorphism could lead to improved understanding of the biological processes that are dysregulated in NAFLD, to the identification of relevant therapeutic targets and to improved risk stratification of patients with NAFLD undergoing therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lefebvre
- Université Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Bart Staels
- Université Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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Chung GE, Cho EJ, Yoon JW, Yoo JJ, Chang Y, Cho Y, Park SH, Han K, Shin DW, Yu SJ. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease increases the risk of diabetes in young adults: A nationwide population-based study in Korea. Metabolism 2021; 123:154866. [PMID: 34411553 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of diabetes but has been rarely investigated in young adults. In this study, we investigated the relationship between NAFLD and incident diabetes risk in young adults using nationwide Korean population data. METHODS This population-based cohort study from the Korean National Health Insurance Service included adults aged 20 through 39 years who underwent a health examination from 2009 to 2012. NAFLD was defined as a fatty liver index (FLI) ≥60 in the absence of alcohol consumption of ≥30 g/day. Newly diagnosed diabetes during follow-up was identified using claims data. Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio for incident diabetes after adjusting for classical confounders. FINDINGS Among the 5,254,786 participants, 9.3% had an FLI ≥60. During the median follow-up of 8.6 years, 91,885 cases of incident diabetes occurred. In multivariable analysis, the risk of incident diabetes was significantly higher in the NAFLD group than the control group (adjusted hazard ratio = 4.97, 95% confidence interval, 4.90-5.05). Stratified analyses showed higher associations in those who were ≥30 years, male, obese, smokers, alcohol consumers, and did not regularly exercise (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS NAFLD is associated with a five-fold increased risk of incident diabetes in young adults. These results suggest an independent high risk for incident diabetes in young adults and underscore the importance of paying early attention to patients who develop NAFLD before middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goh Eun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ju Yoo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Cho
- Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science, Republic of Korea; Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Morán-Costoya A, Proenza AM, Gianotti M, Lladó I, Valle A. Sex Differences in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Estrogen Influence on the Liver-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:753-774. [PMID: 33736456 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic and systemic disorder with a complex multifactorial pathogenesis. Owing to the rising incidence of obesity and diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of NAFLD and its impact on global health care are expected to increase in the future. Differences in NAFLD exist between males and females, and among females depending on their reproductive status. Clinical and preclinical data show that females in the fertile age are more protected against NAFLD, and studies in postmenopausal women and ovariectomized animal models support a protective role for estrogens. Recent Advances: An efficient crosstalk between the liver and adipose tissue is necessary to regulate lipid and glucose metabolism, protecting the liver from steatosis and insulin resistance contributing to NALFD. New advances in the knowledge of sexual dimorphism in liver and adipose tissue are providing interesting clues about the sex differences in NAFLD pathogenesis that could inspire new therapeutic strategies. Critical Issues: Sex hormones influence key master regulators of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in liver and adipose tissue. All these sex-biased metabolic adjustments shape the crosstalk between liver and adipose tissue, contributing to the higher protection of females to NAFLD. Future Directions: The development of novel drugs based on the protective action of estrogens, but without its feminizing or undesired side effects, might provide new therapeutic strategies for the management of NAFLD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 753-774.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Morán-Costoya
- Energy Metabolism and Nutrition Group, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Ana M Proenza
- Energy Metabolism and Nutrition Group, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in the Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Gianotti
- Energy Metabolism and Nutrition Group, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in the Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Lladó
- Energy Metabolism and Nutrition Group, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in the Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adamo Valle
- Energy Metabolism and Nutrition Group, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in the Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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48
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Lee JH, Lee HS, Ahn SB, Kwon YJ. Dairy protein intake is inversely related to development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5252-5260. [PMID: 34534894 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and is closely related to metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Dairy protein, rich in casein and whey protein, could help to reduce metabolic diseases. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. METHODS We analyzed data for 5171 adults aged 40-69 years from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.(KoGES) Participants were separated as men, women aged ≥50 years, and women aged <50 years and then divided into tertiles based on dairy protein intake. NAFLD was defined as NAFLD liver fat score >-0.640. Scores were calculated as 1.18 × metabolic syndrome (Yes: 1, No: 0) + 0.45 × diabetes mellitus (Yes: 2, No: 0) + 0.15 × serum insulin +0.04 × AST - 0.94 × (AST/ALT) - 2.89. Cox proportional hazards spline curves were drawn to visualize dose-response relationships between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. Multiple Cox hazard regression analysis was conducted to examine associations between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. RESULTS The Cox proportional hazards spline curves revealed a negative linear relationship between dairy protein intake and incident NAFLD. The cumulative incidence of NAFLD significantly decreased with increasing tertiles of dairy protein intake in men and women aged ≥50 years. After adjusting for confounding factors, the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for NAFLD in the middle and highest tertiles, compared to the lowest tertile, were 0.80 (0.67-0.96) and 0.71 (0.57-0.88) in men, 0.89 (0.72-1.09) and 0.72 (0.56-0.92) in women aged ≥50 years, and 1.01 (0.80-1.27) and 0.91 (0.67-1.24) in women aged <50 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We found that higher dairy protein intake was significantly and inversely associated with the risk of incident NAFLD in men and women aged ≥50 years. Consumption of milk and other dairy products could help prevent the development of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, 01830, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, 01830, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea.
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Dean AE, Reichardt F, Anakk S. Sex differences feed into nuclear receptor signaling along the digestive tract. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166211. [PMID: 34273530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in physiology are noted in clinical and animal studies. However, mechanisms underlying these observed differences between males and females remain elusive. Nuclear receptors control a wide range of physiological pathways and are expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, including the mouth, stomach, liver and intestine. We investigated the literature pertaining to ER, AR, FXR, and PPAR regulation and highlight the sex differences in nutrient metabolism along the digestive system. We chose these nuclear receptors based on their metabolic functions, and hormonal actions. Intriguingly, we noted an overlap in target genes of ER and FXR that modulate mucosal integrity and GLP-1 secretion, whereas overlap in target genes of PPARα with ER and AR modulate lipid metabolism. Sex differences were seen not only in the basal expression of nuclear receptors, but also in activation as their endogenous ligand concentrations fluctuate depending on nutrient availability. Finally, in this review, we speculate that interactions between the nuclear receptors may influence overall metabolic decisions in the gastrointestinal tract in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela E Dean
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - François Reichardt
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America; Cancer center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America.
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50
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Protective Effects of Estrogen on Cardiovascular Disease Mediated by Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5523516. [PMID: 34257804 PMCID: PMC8260319 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5523516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Perimenopause is an important stage of female senescence. Epidemiological investigation has shown that the incidence of cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women is lower than that in men, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women is significantly higher than that in men. This phenomenon reveals that estrogen has a definite protective effect on the cardiovascular system. In the cardiovascular system, oxidative stress is considered important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, myocardial dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and myocardial ischemia. From the perspective of oxidative stress, estrogen plays a regulatory role in the cardiovascular system through the estrogen receptor, providing strategies for the treatment of menopausal women with cardiovascular diseases.
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