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Pálešová N, Řiháčková K, Kuta J, Pindur A, Šebejová L, Čupr P. Internal Flames: Metal(loid) Exposure Linked to Alteration of the Lipid Profile in Czech Male Firefighters (CELSPAC-FIREexpo Study). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2024; 11:679-686. [PMID: 39006815 PMCID: PMC11238583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Increased wildfire activity increases the demands on fire rescue services and firefighters' contact with harmful chemicals. This study aimed to determine firefighters' exposure to toxic metal(loid)s and its association with the lipid profile. CELSPAC-FIREexpo study participants (including 110 firefighters) provided urine and blood samples to quantify urinary levels of metal(loid)s (arsenic, cadmium (Cd), mercury, and lead (Pb)), and serum lipid biomarkers (cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglycerides (TG)). The associations were investigated by using multiple linear regression and Bayesian weighted quantile sum (BWQS) regression. Higher levels of Pb were observed in firefighters. Pb was positively associated with CHOL and TG. Cd was negatively associated with HDL. In the BWQS model, the mixture of metal(loid)s was associated positively with CHOL (β = 14.75, 95% CrI = 2.45-29.08), LDL (β = 15.14, 95% CrI = 3.39-29.35), and TG (β = 14.79, 95% CrI = 0.73-30.42), while negatively with HDL (β = -14.96, 95% CrI = -25.78 to -1.8). Pb emerged as a key component in a metal(loid) mixture. The results suggest that higher exposure to lead and the mixture of metal(loid)s is associated with the alteration of the lipid profile, which can result in an unfavorable cardiometabolic profile, especially in occupationally exposed firefighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Pálešová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Řiháčková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kuta
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Pindur
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Training Centre of Fire Rescue Service, Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, Ministry of the Interior, Trnkova 85, 628 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Šebejová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Liu X, Chi H, Tan Z, Yang X, Sun Y, Li Z, Hu K, Hao F, Liu Y, Yang S, Deng Q, Wen X. Heavy metals distribution characteristics, source analysis, and risk evaluation of soils around mines, quarries, and other special areas in a region of northwestern Yunnan, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132050. [PMID: 37459760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, based on the assessment of soil heavy metals (HMs) pollution using relevant indices, a comprehensive approach combined network environ analysis (NEA), human health risk assessment (HHRA) method and positive definite matrix factor (PMF) model to quantify the risks among ecological communities in a special environment around mining area in northwest Yunnan, calculated the risk to human health caused by HMs in soil, and analyzed the pollution sources of HMs. The integrated risks for soil microorganisms, vegetations, herbivores, and carnivores were 2.336, 0.876, 0.114, and 0.082, respectively, indicating that soil microorganisms were the largest risk receptors. The total hazard indexes (HIT) for males, females, and children were 0.542, 0.591, and 1.970, respectively, revealing a relatively high and non-negligible non-carcinogenic risks (NCR) for children. The total cancer risks (TCR) for both females and children exceeded 1.00E-04, indicating that soil HMs posed carcinogenic risks (CR) to them. Comparatively, Pb was the high-risk metal, accounting for 53.76%, 57.90%, and 68.09% of HIT in males, females, and children, respectively. PMF analysis yielded five sources of pollution, F1 (industry), F2 (agriculture), F3 (domesticity), F4 (nature), and F5 (traffic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Huajian Chi
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yiping Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Zongtao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Kan Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Fangfang Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Shengchun Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Qingwen Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
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Wei D, Wei C, Pan P, Lin B, Wu L, Liu B, He Z. Phosphorus fractions and iron oxides responsible for the variations in the Cd retention capacity in tropical soil aggregates under different cropping patterns. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130017. [PMID: 36174311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The environmental behavior of Cd in soil has been widely studied because of its close relationship with food security and soil environmental pollution. In this study, the roles of P fractions and Fe oxides in the retention of Cd in typical tropical soil from five cropping patterns were investigated. Although there was no evident relationship between the Cd adsorption capacity and soil aggregate particle sizes, strong spatial associations of P, Fe, and Cd at the soil aggregates were observed via energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Among five cropping patterns, citrus plantations exhibited highest ratios (calculated by pixel area) of P overlapped with Cd (8.61%) and Fe overlapped with Cd (9.53%) in the microaggregates. Furthermore, the random forest model revealed that humic P and labile organic P greatly contributed to the sorptivity of Cd2+ by < 0.053 mm (13.3%) and 0.25-0.053 mm (13.4%) soil aggregates, respectively. Compared with the P fractions in different-sized soil aggregates, the contribution of Fe oxides to the sorption of Cd2+ by soil aggregates was more significant. Amorphous ferric oxide had the most significant contribution to the sorptivity of Cd2+ by < 0.053 mm (26.0%), 0.25-0.053 mm (23.0%), 2.0-0.25 mm (25.1%), and > 2.0 mm (33.9%) soil aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengxiu Wei
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chaoxian Wei
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical region of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Pan Pan
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; National Long-term Experimental Station for Agriculture Green Development, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Bigui Lin
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical region of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical region of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China; National Long-term Experimental Station for Agriculture Green Development, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China.
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Sciences/Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
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Espinoza-Guillen JA, Alderete-Malpartida MB, Escobar-Mendoza JE, Navarro-Abarca UF, Silva-Castro KA, Martinez-Mercado PL. Identifying contamination of heavy metals in soils of Peruvian Amazon plain: use of multivariate statistical techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:817. [PMID: 36131105 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Peruvian Amazon plain has abundant natural resources and is home to great biodiversity, which makes it an area with high economic potential. However, the use of its resources through various activities has contributed to the release of heavy metals (HMs) into its soils, generating severe pollution problems which have mainly affected the health of local populations and their ecosystems. Currently, there are no comprehensive studies that have identified the specific sources of contamination by HMs in the soils of this part of the Peruvian territory. In this sense, this research aims to identify the possible sources of contamination by HMs in the soils of the Peruvian Amazon plain to focus efforts on the establishment of adequate measures for the protection of the health of people and the ecosystem. In the present study, samples of topsoils (0-20 cm depth) and subsoils (100-150 cm depth) were collected for the analysis of 11 HMs (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, Be, and Hg) in 48 sites located in four regions of the Peruvian Amazon plain (Loreto, Amazonas, San Martín, and Ucayali), over the year 2019. The enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index were applied to assess contamination levels of HMs. The results indicated that topsoils and subsoils presented a greater enrichment by the elements Be and Pb, and were classified as moderately contaminated. Likewise, the integral analysis of these indexes together with principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, correlation analysis, and coefficient of variation allowed the identification of potential sources of contamination by HMs. As a result, Fe, Co, Zn, Ni, V, and Cr were associated with natural or lithogenic sources (parent material, crude oil deposits, and organic matter decomposition). Hg was attributed to anthropogenic sources (illegal gold mining, atmospheric deposition, and vehicle emissions). Be, Pb, Cu, and Mn originated from natural sources (parent material, crude oil deposits, decomposition of organic matter, and forest fires) and anthropogenic (areas degraded by solid waste, illegal gold mining, agriculture, and hydrocarbons). These findings provide essential information to establish regulations and prevent and control HM contamination in soils of the Peruvian Amazon plain.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Abel Espinoza-Guillen
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú.
| | | | - Jessica Emily Escobar-Mendoza
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú
| | - Ursula Fiorela Navarro-Abarca
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú
| | - Katya Angelot Silva-Castro
- Departamento Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s/n, Lima, Perú
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Protected Areas vs. Highway Construction—Problem of Environmental Pollution. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12070838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Landscape parks are protected areas, attractive to live close to and relax in. In parks, economic and agricultural activities are allowed to a limited extent. The high interest in these areas is the cause of unfavorable changes, including environmental contamination. This paper presents the results of soil quality research in Wzniesienia Łódzkie Landscape Park (Poland). The analyses were performed in 2008, before the construction of the highway in the park began, and after its completion in 2016. The contents of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Ni were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The descriptive statistics, principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and geographic information system (GIS) were used to assess the impact of different sources on the content of metal in the soil. Over the period of 8 years, there has been an increase in pH and the level of metals, especially nickel. The changes in the metal content result from the different land use, especially abandonment of agricultural activity and emissions related to the construction of the A1 highway.
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Kuklová M, Kukla J, Hniličková H, Hnilička F, Pivková I. Impact of Car Traffic on Metal Accumulation in Soils and Plants Growing Close to a Motorway (Eastern Slovakia). TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040183. [PMID: 35448444 PMCID: PMC9030527 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper evaluates the impact of car transport on the distribution and accumulation of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in soils, as well as in the vegetation near a newly built R4 motorway Košice-Milhosť (Slovakia). Samples were taken from surface humus layer (litter) and 0−5, 10−20 and 20−30 cm mineral layers of Cambisol and Luvisol, as well as from assimilatory organs of Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus cerris, Quercus rubra, Negundo aceroides and Anthriscus sylvestris growing in the segments of geobiocoenosis Querci-Fageta Typica. The concentrations of total Zn and Cu were determined using SensAA AAS and the total concentrations of Cd and Pb using an instrument iCE 3000 Series AAS-F. Contamination factor (CF) values showed that surface humus layer of both soil units is moderately contaminated with Zn (1 ≤ CF ˂ 3), low contaminated with Cu (CF ˂ 1) and considerably contaminated with Pb and Cd (3 ≤ CF ˂ 6). Contamination of the surface humus layer of Luvisol with Pb is very high (CF > 6), while in the case of mineral layers with Zn and Cu it is low (CF ˂ 1). The mineral layers of Luvisol are moderately contaminated with Pb and Cd (1 ≤ CF ˂ 3) and Cambisol layers with Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd. For the group of 5 tested plants, higher values of toxic elements in the leaves were observed on Luvisol compared to Cambisol. However, only Cu conconcentrations in Luvisol significantly correlated with Cu concentrations in plants (r > 0.4 or r < 0.6). The same can be said for Zn concentrations in Cambisol (r > 0.8). The best indicator of the environment polluted by car traffic appears to be A. sylvestris. Transfer coefficients (TC ˃ 1) revealed that this species concentrated the most Zn and Cu on Luvisol and close to 1 are also the TC values found for Cu in F. excelsior and Q. cerris leaves taken on Luvisol. Lead is accumulated most efficiently in N. aceroides leaves and Cd in A. sylvestris leaves regardless of soil unit. Compared to background values, the total concentrations of trace elements in soils and plants were significantly higher and point to the pollution of forest ecosystems already in the initial stage of motorway operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margita Kuklová
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; (J.K.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ján Kukla
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; (J.K.); (I.P.)
| | - Helena Hniličková
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.H.); (F.H.)
| | - František Hnilička
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Ivica Pivková
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia; (J.K.); (I.P.)
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7
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Availability of Trace Elements in Soil with Simulated Cadmium, Lead and Zinc Pollution. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11080879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The research was based on a pot experiment in which the impact of increasing Cd, Zn and Pb doses on the content of available trace elements in soil was compared. Seven series of trials were designed: 1 (Cd), 2 (Pb), 3 (Zn), 4 (Cd + Pb), 5 (Cd + Zn), 6 (Pb + Zn), 7 (Cd + Pb + Zn). Aside from the control one (without the metals), three increasing levels of contamination were considered within each series. Mobile forms of trace elements (Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, and Cr) in soil were determined, in addition to which selected physicochemical soil properties—reaction (pH), salinity (EC), hydrolytic acidity (HAC), total exchange bases (TEB)—were identified while cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (BS) and availability factor (AF) were calculated. The application of Cd and Pb to soil resulted in an increase in the share of potentially available forms of these metals in their total content. The availability factor (AF) in the pots polluted with these metals was higher than in the control, in the range 17.5–20.0% for Cd, and 62.8–71.5% for Pb. In turn, the share of Zn mobile forms was comparable in most experimental objects, oscillating around 30%. Moreover, addition to soil of Cd, Pb and Zn usually caused a significant decrease in the content of available forms of Fe, Mn and Cu, and resulted in significantly higher content of available forms of Cr in the soil.
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8
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Fronczyk J, Markowska-Lech K. Treatment efficiency of synthetic urban runoff by low-cost mineral materials under various flow conditions and in the presence of salt: Possibilities and limitations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145199. [PMID: 33736397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Urban runoff belongs to important carriers of pollutants that during infiltration can accumulate in the soil/water environment. One of the protection solutions may be the enhancement of infiltration systems by horizontal permeable treatment zones. The article presents the results of column tests carried out in order to determine (1) the influence of the hydraulic loading rate on the dynamic capacities of selected reactive materials: low-cost mineral materials (zeolite, limestone sand, halloysite) and reference material (activated carbon), and control soils (topsoil and Vistula sand) against Zn, NH4+ and PO43-, and (2) remobilization of contaminants under the influence of salt (NaCl 5 g/L) present in synthetic runoff water. The research has revealed that the most useful for the removal of zinc ions was limestone sand (>4.36 mg/g), of orthophosphates - halloysite (2.29 mg/g on the average), and of ammonium ions - zeolite (2.75 mg/g on the average). The control soils were characterized by low ability to immobilize the contaminants tested. In addition, increase in the hydraulic loading rate of synthetic runoff water reduced the dynamic capacity of materials to a variable degree depending on the material applied and the contamination removed (by 24% for limestone sand-PO43- system to 95% for activated carbon-NH4+ system). The presence of NaCl caused significant leaching of ammonium ions from zeolite and halloysite filter beds (up to 99.3%), and phosphates from the activated carbon filter bed (up to 41.3%). All tracer contaminants tested leached intensively from the Vistula sand filter bed, while only ammonium ions leached from the topsoil filter bed. It seems justified to support the performance of infiltration systems by layers of: limestone sand, to enhance the processes of heavy metal precipitation and ammonium ion volatilization by increasing the pH, and halloysite for the sorption of phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fronczyk
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw 02-776, Poland.
| | - K Markowska-Lech
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw 02-776, Poland
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Bernardino CAR, Mahler CF, Santelli RE, Freire AS, Braz BF, Novo LAB. Metal accumulation in roadside soils of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: impact of traffic volume, road age, and urbanization level. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:156. [PMID: 30747380 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Traffic-related metal emissions have become a global concern due to their deposition in roadside soils and potential hazardous effects. This study evaluates metal levels in soils adjoining four highways of Rio de Janeiro (Linha Vermelha, Via Dutra, BR-465, and Avenida Brasil), chosen for their diverse traffic volumes, age, and urban/rural settings. In addition to soil physicochemical properties, 11 elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, and Zn) were assessed on samples collected at different distances from the road (1, 3, 5, 10, 15 m) and soil depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm). Moreover, the geoaccumulation index was also computed to infer the soil contamination extent. The results indicate that soil metal levels at each highway are highly dependent on factors like traffic volume, distance to road, other anthropogenic sources of pollution, and their rural or urban location. The highways with greater traffic volume, Linha Vermelha and Avenida Brasil (154,000 and 126,000 vehicles day-1, respectively), clearly presented the highest soil metal concentrations. Still, as stressed by the principal component analysis, traffic volume alone fails to explain the distribution of metals in soils neighboring these highways. Thus, factors like their urban setting and larger exposure to anthropogenic activities may play a pivotal role. On the other hand, soils from Via Dutra and BR-465, both on a rural backdrop, were mostly influenced by traffic as their metal levels decreased with increasing distances from the road. Comparison with reference and preventive values for Brazilian soils and the assessment of the geoaccumulation index have shown that concentrations of Pb and V have reached concerning thresholds at Linha Vermelha and Avenida Brasil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassiano A R Bernardino
- Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudio F Mahler
- Department of Civil Engineering, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo E Santelli
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline S Freire
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bernardo F Braz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luís A B Novo
- GeoBioTec Research Center, Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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10
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Khalid N, Hussain M, Young HS, Boyce B, Aqeel M, Noman A. Effects of road proximity on heavy metal concentrations in soils and common roadside plants in Southern California. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35257-35265. [PMID: 30341753 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Concerns about motor vehicle emissions on human health are typically focused on aerial pollution and are regulated via controls on tailpipe emissions. However, vehicles also contribute heavy metal emissions through non-tailpipe pathways (e.g., brake wear, tire particulates). The metal pollutants produced via both tailpipe and non-tailpipe pathways pose threats to both human and ecosystem health long after they have settled from the atmosphere largely via contamination of soils and plants. In this study, we examined the effect of vehicular pollution on soils and plants in five paired sites in Gaviota, CA. In each site, we examined the effect of proximity to road on heavy metal concentrations (cadmium, nickel, lead, and zinc) in four of the most common roadside plant species-Melilotus indicus, Herschfeldia incana, Avena sativa, and Artemisia californica-as well as on soil metal concentrations. Then, to look at potential effects of road proximity and associated metal pollution on plants, we also examined the carbon and nitrogen ratios of all the plant samples. We found strong and significant effects of proximity to road on concentrations of all heavy metals in plants; plants in close proximity to roads had metal concentrations between 8 and 11 times higher than plants farther from roads. Plant C:N ratios also varied strongly among site types and were always higher in close proximity to roads as compared to farther off roads, potentially indicating broader effects of road proximity to plant ecology and leaf quality for consumers in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Khalid
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Hussain
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hillary S Young
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Benjamin Boyce
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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11
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Hołtra A, Zamorska-Wojdyła D. The input of trace elements from the motor transport into urban soils of Wrocław, Poland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:1163-1174. [PMID: 29727942 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The pH and the EC of soil solutions display a typical character of urban soils, and the concentration of some metal content in the selected locations indicate a strong influence of the motor transport on the Wrocław's congested roads. Sampling stands were located at the busiest road junctions. Pollution of soils with Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr and Cd along the more important traffic roads of Wrocław within the borders of the city has been measured. The internal ring road (encircling the central districts of the city) and the external ring road (the Eastern Ring Road) of the city of Wrocław along with busy exit roads on the border of city were compared. Zinc concentration in soils was exceeded locally relative to standard for soils of group I, according to the Polish Ministry of Environment Regulation from September 1st, 2016. The pollution indexes compared to the geochemical background in the uncontaminated soils of Poland showed an enrichment of Wrocław's soils with trace elements in many locations. Mean values of indexes for all samples display the dominant influence of zinc, copper and nickel on the soil contamination in Wrocław. The results of the studies did not confirm the correlation between the decrease of all metals concentration with the distance from the city center. The Pearson's correlation coefficients between pairs of Zn-Cu, Zn-Pb and Cu-Pb show significantly correlated linear relationships of metals in soils. The frequency histograms of trace elements in soils reveal large deviations from the Gaussian curve due to a significant diversification of metal concentrations between different locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hołtra
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Dorota Zamorska-Wojdyła
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Ramdani S, Amar A, Belhsaien K, El Hajjaji S, Ghalem S, Zouahri A, Douaik A. Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk of Roadside Soils in Tlemcen (Algeria) Using Flame-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2018.1428985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumia Ramdani
- Condensed Matter and Sustainable Development Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbès, Sidi Bel Abbès, Algeria
| | - Amina Amar
- Condensed Matter and Sustainable Development Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbès, Sidi Bel Abbès, Algeria
| | - Kamal Belhsaien
- LS3M2E-CERNE2D, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Research Unit on Environment and Conservation of Natural Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Souad El Hajjaji
- LS3M2E-CERNE2D, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Said Ghalem
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Bioactives, Aboubekr Belkaid University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Abdelmjid Zouahri
- Research Unit on Environment and Conservation of Natural Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Douaik
- Research Unit on Environment and Conservation of Natural Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Rabat, Morocco
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Adamiec E. Chemical fractionation and mobility of traffic-related elements in road environments. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:1457-1468. [PMID: 28551883 PMCID: PMC5700227 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-9983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to considerable progress in exhaust control emission technology and extensive regulatory work regarding this issue, non-exhaust sources of air pollution have become a growing concern. This research involved studying three types of road environment samples such as road dust, sludge from storm drains and roadside soil collected from heavily congested and polluted cities in Poland (Krakow, Warszawa, Opole and Wroclaw). Particles below 20 µm were examined since it was previously estimated that this fine fraction of road dust is polluted mostly by metals derived from non-exhaust sources of pollution such as brake linings wear. Chemical analysis of all samples was combined with a fractionation study using BCR protocol. It was concluded that the finest fractions of road environment samples were significantly contaminated with all of the investigated metals, in particular with Zn, Cu, both well-known key tracers of brake and tire wear. In Warszawa, the pollution index for Zn was on average 15-18 times the background value, in Krakow 12 times, in Wroclaw 8-12 times and in Opole 6-9 times the background value. The pollution index for Cu was on average 6-14 times the background in Warszawa, 7-8 times in Krakow, 4-6 times in Wroclaw and in Opole 5 times the background value. Fractionation study revealed that mobility of examined metals decreases in that order: Zn (43-62%) > Cd (25-42%) > Ni (6-16%) > Cu (3-14%) > Pb (1-8%). It should, however, be noted that metals even when not mobile in the environment can become a serious health concern when ingested or inhaled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Adamiec
- AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059, Kraków, Poland.
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Radziemska M, Vaverková MD, Baryła A. Phytostabilization-Management Strategy for Stabilizing Trace Elements in Contaminated Soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14090958. [PMID: 28841169 PMCID: PMC5615495 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14090958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of soil by copper (Cu) has become a serious problem throughout the world, causing the reduction of agricultural yield and harmful effects on human health by entering the food chain. A glasshouse pot experiment was designed to evaluate the potential use of halloysite as an immobilizing agent in the aided phytostabilization of Cu-contaminated soil, using Festuca rubra L. The content of Cu in plants, i.e., total and extracted by 0.01 M CaCl2, was determined using the method of spectrophotometry. Cu content in the tested parts of F. rubra differed significantly when halloysite was applied to the soil, as well as with increasing concentrations of Cu. The addition of halloysite significantly increased plant biomass. Cu accumulated in the roots, thereby reducing its toxicity to the aerial parts of the plant. The obtained values of bioconcentration and translocation factors observed for halloysite treatment indicate the effectiveness of using F. rubra in phytostabilization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Radziemska
- Department of Environmental Improvement, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena D Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Baryła
- Department of Environmental Improvement, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Use of Spent Zeolite Sorbents for the Preparation of Lightweight Aggregates Differing in Microstructure. MINERALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/min7020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Quality of Water in the Road Drainage Systems in the Warsaw Agglomeration, Poland. WATER 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/w8100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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