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Zhen R, Ban J, Jia Z, Liu Y, Li Z, Chen S. The Relationship Between Non-HDL-C /HDL-C Ratio (NHHR) and Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2661-2673. [PMID: 37670851 PMCID: PMC10476667 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s414673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this research was to examine the relationship between non-HDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and vitamin D in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients and Methods This study enrolled 617 T2DM participants. Participants were separated into two groups: no vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D deficiency. Participants were split into two categories: individuals who had a high NHHR and those with a low NHHR, with the median NHHR serving as the cut-off. Eventually, the study participants were classified into two groups by gender, which were further classified into vitamin D deficient and non-vitamin D deficient groups. Results NHHR values were substantially greater in vitamin D deficient group than in the non-deficient group in both male and female T2DM patients (P<0.05). The high NHHR group displayed substantially lower vitamin D levels than the low NHHR group [16.21 (12.55,21.35) vs 19.05 (14.59,24.07), P<0.001]. NHHR was discovered to be negatively and independently associated with vitamin D levels, and there was no sex difference. Conclusion For the first time, our research revealed a negative relationship between NHHR and vitamin D in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Zhen
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Ban
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuoya Jia
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zelin Li
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Arayici ME, Basbinar Y, Ellidokuz H. Vitamin D Intake, Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) Levels, and Cancer Risk: A Comprehensive Meta-Meta-Analysis Including Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Epidemiological Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:2722. [PMID: 37375626 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is a well-established fact that inadequate Vitamin D (Vit-D) levels have negative effects on the development and progression of malignant diseases, particularly cancer. The purpose of this paper was to elucidate the effects of Vit-D intake and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) levels on cancer incidence and mortality, the current evidence in this field, and the biases of this evidence, using the meta-meta-analysis method. Meta-analyses focusing on Vit-D intake, serum 25(OH)D levels, and cancer risk/mortality were identified. A structured computer literature search was undertaken in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus electronic databases using predetermined keyword combinations. Primary and secondary meta-meta-analyses were carried out, combining odds ratios (ORs), risk ratios (RRs), and hazard ratios (HRs) for outcomes reported in selected meta-analyses. A total of 35 eligible meta-analyses (59 reports yielded from these studies) assessing the association between Vit-D and cancer incidence and/or mortality were included in this study. In the pooled analysis, higher Vit-D intake and serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower cancer risk (OR = 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90-0.96, p < 0.001; OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.72-0.89, p < 0.001, respectively) and cancer-related mortality (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.86-0.93, p < 0.001; RR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.58-0.78, p < 0.001, respectively). When meta-analyses whose primary reports included only randomized controlled trials were pooled, there was no significant association between Vit-D intake and cancer risk (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97-1.01, p = 0.320). In subgroup analysis, Vit-D consumption was associated with a significant decrease in colorectal and lung cancer incidence (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83-0.96, p = 0.002; OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.83-0.94, p < 0.001, respectively). Taken together, both Vit-D intake and higher 25(OH)D levels may provide remarkable benefits in terms of cancer incidence and mortality; however, careful evaluation according to cancer types is critically important and recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Arayici
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, 15 July Medicine and Art Campus, Inciralti-Balcova 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Yasemin Basbinar
- Department of Translational Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Hulya Ellidokuz
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
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Mohammed AA, El-Matty DMA, Abdel-Azeem R, Raafat K, Hussein MA, El-Ansary AR, Hafez W, Hassan HA, Nassar NA, Selim NM, Ghaith D, Kholy AAE, Abd El Salam SM, Anouti FA, Wahba AS. Allelic Discrimination of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Controlled Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040485. [PMID: 36833019 PMCID: PMC9956945 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the rapidly growing healthcare problems, and several vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms seem to modulate the risk of T2DM. Our research was designed to investigate the allelic discrimination of VDR polymorphisms and T2DM occurrence risk. (2) Methods: This case-control research included 156 patients with T2DM and 145 healthy control subjects. Most of the study population were males 56.6% vs. 62.8% in the case and control groups, respectively. Genotyping for VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs228570 (Fok1), rs7975232 (Apa1), and rs1544410 (Bsm1) was compared between both groups. (3) Results: There was a negative link between vitamin D levels and insulin sensitivity. A significant difference was noted in the allelic discrimination of VDR polymorphism rs228570 and rs1544410 between the study groups (p < 0.001). No difference was observed in the allelic discrimination of VDR polymorphism rs7975232 between the groups (p = 0.063). Moreover, T2DM patients had significantly higher levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, 2-h post-prandial blood sugar (PP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), total cholesterol, and triglycerides (p < 0.001), while High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased (p = 0.006). (4) Conclusions: VDR polymorphisms had a positive association with T2DM risk among the Egyptian population. Further large-scale research using deep sequencing of samples is strongly urged to investigate different vitamin D gene variants and interactions, as well as the influence of vitamin D on T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI), Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Dina M. Abo El-Matty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Rola Abdel-Azeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Khaled Raafat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo11566, Egypt
| | - Mona A. Hussein
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Amira R. El-Ansary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12577, Egypt
| | - Wael Hafez
- Department of Internal Medicine, The National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +20-9712235000
| | - Hatem Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | | | - Nora Mahmoud Selim
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ghaith
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Amal A. El Kholy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Soha M. Abd El Salam
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez 43512, Egypt
| | - Fatme Al Anouti
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa S. Wahba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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4
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Hernández-Alonso P, Boughanem H, Canudas S, Becerra-Tomás N, Fernández de la Puente M, Babio N, Macias-Gonzalez M, Salas-Salvadó J. Circulating vitamin D levels and colorectal cancer risk: A meta-analysis and systematic review of case-control and prospective cohort studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:1-17. [PMID: 34224246 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1939649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The associations between circulating vitamin D concentrations and total and site-specific colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence have been examined in several epidemiological studies with overall inconclusive findings. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of both case-control and prospective cohort studies was to evaluate the association between CRC and circulating levels of vitamin D. The main exposure and outcome were circulating total 25(OH)D and CRC, respectively, in the overall population (i.e., all subjects). Two reviewers, working independently, screened all the literature available to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria (e.g., case-control or prospective cohort studies, published in English, and excluding non-original papers). Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method using a random or fixed effect model, as approriate. Heterogeneity was identified using the Cochran's Q-test and quantified by the I2 statistic. Results were stratified by study design, sex, and metabolite of vitamin D. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed. A total of 28 original studies were included for the quantitative meta-analysis. Meta-analyses comparing the highest vs lowest categories, showed a 39% lower risk between levels of total 25(OH)D and CRC risk (OR (95% CI): 0.61 (0.52; 0.71); 11 studies) in case-control studies; whereas a 20% reduced CRC risk in prospective cohort studies (HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.66; 0.97); 6 studies). Results in women mirrored main results, whereas results in men were non-significant in both analyses. Our findings support an inverse association between circulating vitamin D levels and CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Hernández-Alonso
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,Open Evidence Research Group, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hatim Boughanem
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Silvia Canudas
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences. Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK
| | - María Fernández de la Puente
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Macias-Gonzalez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Hu Z, Zhi X, Ma Y, Li J, Wang J, Zhu J, Li B, Zhang Z. The modification of individual factors on association between serum 25(OH)D and incident type 2 diabetes: Results from a prospective cohort study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1077734. [PMID: 36643972 PMCID: PMC9835095 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1077734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have suggested an association between low vitamin D status and increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to explore the dose-response relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with incident T2D and the interaction between serum 25(OH)D with individual factors on T2D risk. A total of 1,926 adults without diabetes (mean age: 52.08 ± 13.82 years; 42% men) were prospectively followed for 36 months. Cox proportional hazards model and restricted cubic spline analysis were performed to assess the association and dose-response relationship between serum 25(OH)D and T2D incidence. Both additive and multiplicative interactions were calculated between serum 25(OH)D and individual factors. The net reclassification index (NRI) was used to evaluate the improvement of risk prediction of T2D by adding serum 25(OH)D to traditional risk factors. There were 114 new T2D cases over a mean follow-up of 36 months. Serum 25(OH)D was not associated with T2D incidence, and no significant dose-response relationship was found in the total population. However, stratified analyses suggested a non-linear inverse relationship among individuals with baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) <5.6 mmol/L (P overall = 0.061, P non-linear = 0.048). And a significant multiplicative interaction was observed between serum 25(OH)D and FPG on T2D risk (P = 0.005). In addition, we found a significant additive interaction of low serum 25(OH)D with older age (RERI = 0.897, 95% CI: 0.080-1.714; AP = 0.468, 95% CI: 0.054-0.881), male (AP = 0.441, 95% CI: 0.010-0.871), and insufficient physical activity (RERI = 0.875, 95% CI: 0.204-1.545; AP = 0.575, 95% CI: 0.039-1.111) on T2D risk. Significant additive interactions were also observed between vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency with male, overweight/obesity, and insufficient physical activity on T2D risk. Moreover, adding low serum 25(OH)D to a model containing established risk factors yielded significant improvements in the risk reclassification of T2D (NRI = 0.205, 95% CI: 0.019-0.391). Our results indicated a non-linear relationship of serum 25(OH)D concentrations with T2D risk among individuals with normal FPG and additive interactions of serum 25(OH)D with gender, overweight/obesity, and physical activity on T2D risk, suggesting the importance of outdoor exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Hu
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueyuan Zhi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiafu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinxiu Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jianliang Zhu
- Lishui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zengli Zhang,
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6
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Kazami M, Sakamoto T, Suzuki T, Inoue H, Kato H, Kobayashi KI, Tadokoro T, Yamamoto Y. Ca2+/Calmodulin induces translocation of membrane-associated TSC2 to the nucleus where it suppresses CYP24A1 expression. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 87:45-53. [PMID: 36331254 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) is a tumor-suppressor protein. A loss of TSC2 function induces hyperactivation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). The C-terminal region of TSC2 contains a calmodulin (CaM) binding region and the CaM-TSC2 interaction contributes to proper mTOR activity. However, other downstream signaling pathways/effectors activated by the CaM-TSC2 complex have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that activation of Ca2+/CaM signaling resulted in the translocation of membrane-associated TSC2 to the nucleus and suppressed the transcriptional activity of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). TSC2 was released from the membrane in an activated CaM-dependent state in rat brain and HeLa cells. It subsequently formed a transcriptional complex to partially suppress the transcription of CYP24A1, a well-known VDR target gene. These data suggest, in part, that TSC2 attenuates VDR-associated transcriptional regulation via Ca2+/CaM signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Kazami
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sakamoto
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Suzuki
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Inoue
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Kato
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kobayashi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Tadokoro
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamamoto
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Henn M, Martin-Gorgojo V, Martin-Moreno JM. Vitamin D in Cancer Prevention: Gaps in Current Knowledge and Room for Hope. Nutrients 2022; 14:4512. [PMID: 36364774 PMCID: PMC9657468 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive epigenome and transcriptome analyses have unveiled numerous biological mechanisms, including the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and induced apoptosis in neoplastic cells, as well as the modulation of the antineoplastic action of the immune system, which plausibly explains the observed population-based relationship between low vitamin D status and increased cancer risk. However, large randomized clinical trials involving cholecalciferol supplementation have so far failed to show the potential of such interventions in cancer prevention. In this article, we attempt to reconcile the supposed contradiction of these findings by undertaking a thorough review of the literature, including an assessment of the limitations in the design, conduct, and analysis of the studies conducted thus far. We examine the long-standing dilemma of whether the beneficial effects of vitamin D levels increase significantly above a critical threshold or if the conjecture is valid that an increase in available cholecalciferol translates directly into an increase in calcitriol activity. In addition, we try to shed light on the high interindividual epigenetic and transcriptomic variability in response to cholecalciferol supplementation. Moreover, we critically review the standards of interpretation of the available study results and propose criteria that could allow us to reach sound conclusions in this field. Finally, we advocate for options tailored to individual vitamin D needs, combined with a comprehensive intervention that favors prevention through a healthy environment and responsible health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Henn
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra-IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Victor Martin-Gorgojo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose M. Martin-Moreno
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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8
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Grant WB, Boucher BJ, Al Anouti F, Pilz S. Comparing the Evidence from Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials for Nonskeletal Health Effects of Vitamin D. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183811. [PMID: 36145186 PMCID: PMC9501276 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although observational studies of health outcomes generally suggest beneficial effects with, or following, higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have generally not supported those findings. Here we review results from observational studies and RCTs regarding how vitamin D status affects several nonskeletal health outcomes, including Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, autoimmune diseases, cancers, cardiovascular disease, COVID-19, major depressive disorder, type 2 diabetes, arterial hypertension, all-cause mortality, respiratory tract infections, and pregnancy outcomes. We also consider relevant findings from ecological, Mendelian randomization, and mechanistic studies. Although clear discrepancies exist between findings of observational studies and RCTs on vitamin D and human health benefits these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Bias and confounding are seen in observational studies and vitamin D RCTs have several limitations, largely due to being designed like RCTs of therapeutic drugs, thereby neglecting vitamin D’s being a nutrient with a unique metabolism that requires specific consideration in trial design. Thus, RCTs of vitamin D can fail for several reasons: few participants’ having low baseline 25(OH)D concentrations, relatively small vitamin D doses, participants’ having other sources of vitamin D, and results being analyzed without consideration of achieved 25(OH)D concentrations. Vitamin D status and its relevance for health outcomes can usefully be examined using Hill’s criteria for causality in a biological system from results of observational and other types of studies before further RCTs are considered and those findings would be useful in developing medical and public health policy, as they were for nonsmoking policies. A promising approach for future RCT design is adjustable vitamin D supplementation based on interval serum 25(OH)D concentrations to achieve target 25(OH)D levels suggested by findings from observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara J. Boucher
- The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, The Blizard Institute, Barts, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Fatme Al Anouti
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stefan Pilz
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
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9
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Gong T, Di H, Han X, Hu X, Liu C, Chen G. Vitamin D is negatively associated with triglyceride in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Endocrine 2022; 76:304-311. [PMID: 35247144 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D has been identified to have a relation to the development of insulin resistance-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is often associated with obesity and dyslipidemia. Our study aimed to analyze the relationship between vitamin D and lipid profile in patients with T2D. METHODS A total of 446 T2D patients who were hospitalized from January 2015 to December 2016 were recruited. Baseline characteristics were recorded, including body mass index (BMI), serum level of 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), and other biochemical indicators. T2D patients were divided into normal-weight group and overweight/obese group according to their BMI. Subgroup analysis was conducted after patients were subdivided using the quartet-method according to serum level of 25(OH)D. Differences in glucose and lipid metabolism indicators were analyzed. The correlation between serum 25(OH)D and lipid profiles was assessed by the multiple linear regression. RESULTS The levels of serum 25(OH)D and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in T2D patients of overweight/obesity group were significantly lower than those in normal-weight group, while the levels of triglyceride (TG) and HOMA-IR were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis uncovered that total cholesterol (TC) and TG levels were lower with higher 25(OH)D in normal weight T2D patients. In overweight/obese T2D patients, TG level was lower in patients with higher 25(OH)D (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), and hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) among Q1-Q4 in both normal weight and overweight/obese groups. Pearson test showed that serum 25(OH)D was positively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and negatively correlated with TC and TG. Serum 25(OH)D was unrelated to low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in both groups. Multiple linear regression analysis only demonstrated an independent negative correlation between 25(OH)D and TG levels in the overweight/obese group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In overweight/obese patients with T2D, serum 25(OH)D was independently, negatively correlated with TG. Vitamin D supplementation should be guaranteed in patients with diabetes, especially with obese T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210019, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Hongjie Di
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, China.
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10
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Muñoz A, Grant WB. Vitamin D and Cancer: An Historical Overview of the Epidemiology and Mechanisms. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071448. [PMID: 35406059 PMCID: PMC9003337 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a narrative review of the evidence supporting vitamin D’s anticancer actions. The first section reviews the findings from ecological studies of cancer with respect to indices of solar radiation, which found a reduced risk of incidence and mortality for approximately 23 types of cancer. Meta-analyses of observational studies reported the inverse correlations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with the incidence of 12 types of cancer. Case-control studies with a 25(OH)D concentration measured near the time of cancer diagnosis are stronger than nested case-control and cohort studies as long follow-up times reduce the correlations due to changes in 25(OH)D with time. There is no evidence that undiagnosed cancer reduces 25(OH)D concentrations unless the cancer is at a very advanced stage. Meta-analyses of cancer incidence with respect to dietary intake have had limited success due to the low amount of vitamin D in most diets. An analysis of 25(OH)D-cancer incidence rates suggests that achieving 80 ng/mL vs. 10 ng/mL would reduce cancer incidence rates by 70 ± 10%. Clinical trials have provided limited support for the UVB-vitamin D-cancer hypothesis due to poor design and execution. In recent decades, many experimental studies in cultured cells and animal models have described a wide range of anticancer effects of vitamin D compounds. This paper will review studies showing the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, dedifferentiation, and invasion together with the sensitization to proapoptotic agents. Moreover, 1,25-(OH)2D3 and other vitamin D receptor agonists modulate the biology of several types of stromal cells such as fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells in a way that interferes the apparition of metastases. In sum, the available mechanistic data support the global protective action of vitamin D against several important types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBERONC and IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +14-15-409-1980
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11
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ZHAO N, ZHEN D, ZHAO Z, FU S, GUAN C, LIU L, TANG X. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes from a Chinese Cohort Study. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:8-15. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan ZHAO
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
| | - Donghu ZHEN
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
| | - Zhiyun ZHAO
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors of Ministry of Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
| | - Songbo FU
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
| | - Conghui GUAN
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
| | - Lijuan LIU
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
| | - Xulei TANG
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University
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12
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Hospitalisations for falls and hip fractures attributable to vitamin D deficiency in older Australians. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:1682-1686. [PMID: 33509323 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521000416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of falls and fractures. Assuming this association is causal, we aimed to identify the number and proportion of hospitalisations for falls and hip fractures attributable to vitamin D deficiency (25 hydroxy D (25(OH)D) <50 nmol/l) in Australians aged ≥65 years. We used 25(OH)D data from the 2011/12 Australian Health Survey and relative risks from published meta-analyses to calculate population-attributable fractions for falls and hip fracture. We applied these to data published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare to calculate the number of events each year attributable to vitamin D deficiency. In men and women combined, 8·3 % of hospitalisations for falls (7991 events) and almost 8 % of hospitalisations for hip fractures (1315 events) were attributable to vitamin D deficiency. These findings suggest that, even in a sunny country such as Australia, vitamin D deficiency contributes to a considerable number of hospitalisations as a consequence of falls and for treatment of hip fracture in older Australians; in countries where the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is higher, the impact will be even greater. It is important to mitigate vitamin D deficiency, but whether this should occur through supplementation or increased sun exposure needs consideration of the benefits, harms, practicalities and costs of both approaches.
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13
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Winandar T, Raharjo A, Wujoso H, Sidharta BRA, Bagus BI. Relationship between 25(OH)D and Colorectal Cancer Prevalence at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta-Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is a malignancy of the colon and / or rectum. Vitamin D has a role as an inhibitor of tumor progression, namely through the process of influencing cellular differentiation and proliferation. (VDR) Vitamin D Receptor affects cell differentiation by upregulating brush boundary enzymes and improving morphological microvilli. This study seeks to determine the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and colorectal cancer in dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional design study with quantitative-analytical observation was conducted. All patients had symptoms of colorectal cancer, either undiagnosed or previously diagnosed. 25(OH)D samples were taken from a total of 50 patients at dr. Moewardi Surakarta and subsequent diagnostic measures from the results of histopathology were assessed. The parameters assessed were 25(OH)D level and a diagnosis of colorectal malignancy. Statistical analysis of 25(OH)D levels and colorectal diagnosis using the Chi Square test.
Results: The prevalence of colorectal cancer is higher in respondents with 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency compared to respondents with normal 25(OH)D concentrations who tend to have non-colorectal cancer. Based on the Chi-Square test result, the significance value was 0.004, marking a statistically significant association.
Conclusion: This study shows a significant relationship between deficiency and insufficiency of 25(OH)D concentrations with the occurrence of colorectal malignancy
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14
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Bahrami A, Sahebkar A. Vitamin D as a Potential Therapeutic Option in Cancer Treatment: Is There a Role for Chemoprevention? Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:2138-2149. [PMID: 32729431 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620999200729192728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (Vit D) serves as a precursor to the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, which regulates numerous genes that control homeostasis, epithelial cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Low level of Vit D is implicated in the development and progression of several diseases including bone fractures, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancers. The present review highlights the role of vitamin D in cancer with a particular emphasis on genetic variants related to Vit D metabolism as well as clinical trials of Vit D supplementation as a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of cancer patients. METHODS Data were collected following an electronic search in the Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, and Scopus databases by using some keywords such as "cancer", "tumor", "malignancy", "vitamin D", "cholecalciferol" and "calcitriol". RESULTS The collected evidence from the studies revealed a consistent and strong association between Vit D status and cancer risk and survival. The associations between Vit D-related genetic variants and cancer survival support the hypothesis that Vit D may affect cancer outcomes. The mechanisms whereby Vit D reduces cancer risk and increases survival are regulation of cellular differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis as well as decreased angiogenesis in tumor microenvironment and inhibition of metastasis. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of evidence-based recommendations for the optimal 25(OH)D levels in patients with cancer and the role of Vit D supplementation for primary or secondary prevention of cancer. Well-designed and sufficiently powered randomized clinical trials are necessary to assess the clinical application of Vit D in enhancing the clinical efficacy of standard and adjuvant chemotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Bilani N, Elson L, Szuchan C, Elimimian E, Saleh M, Nahleh Z. Newly-identified Pathways Relating Vitamin D to Carcinogenesis: A Review. In Vivo 2021; 35:1345-1354. [PMID: 33910812 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidemiological relationship between vitamin D levels and cancer has been thoroughly investigated. Published data from large studies appear to corroborate a significant relationship between higher serum vitamin D concentrations and improved survival. Mechanistic reviews on commonly-studied cancers - including breast cancer, colon cancer and melanoma - focus predominantly on data from older studies. In outlining avenues for future research, we believe there is utility in summarizing novel findings introduced to the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this narrative review, we used MEDLINE, PUBMED and Cochrane databases to identify mechanistic studies published from January 1, 2015 onwards exploring this topic. RESULTS Twenty-five mechanistic studies were included in this review. It was found that vitamin D plays a critical role in both direct (i.e. tumor gene expression, proliferation, invasiveness, sensitivity to chemotherapy etc.) and indirect (i.e. effects on the tumor microenvironment and immunomodulation) tumor suppression mechanisms. CONCLUSION These newly-identified pathways warrant further research, with the hopes that we may understand how and when vitamin D supplementation can be integrated into precision medicine therapeutics for cancers of the breast, colon and skin. Cancer care providers should consider recommendations to screen for vitamin D deficiency in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Bilani
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, U.S.A.;
| | - Leah Elson
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, U.S.A
| | - Charles Szuchan
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth Elimimian
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, U.S.A
| | | | - Zeina Nahleh
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, U.S.A
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16
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Zhou J, Ge X, Fan X, Wang J, Miao L, Hang D. Associations of vitamin D status with colorectal cancer risk and survival. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:606-614. [PMID: 33783821 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biological evidence suggests that vitamin D has numerous anticancer functions, but the associations between vitamin D status and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and survival remain inconclusive. Based on UK Biobank, we prospectively evaluated the associations of season-standardized 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations with CRC risk among 360 061 participants, and with survival among 2509 CRC cases. We observed an inverse linear relationship between 25(OH)D concentrations and CRC risk (P for linearity = .01; HR per 1-SD increment, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-0.99). Compared to the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D, the highest quartile was associated with a 13% (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77-0.98) lower risk of CRC. For CRC survival, compared to those in the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D, cases in the highest quartile had a 20% (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65-0.99) lower risk for overall death. Our findings indicate that higher concentrations of serum 25(OH)D are associated with lower incidence and improved survival of CRC, suggesting a role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianxiu Ge
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xikang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Miao
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Hang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Liang Q, Hu H, Wu H, Chen X, Wang W, Le Y, Yang S, Jia L. A Nonlinear Relationship Between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2581-2593. [PMID: 34135610 PMCID: PMC8200147 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s308390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease often presents as increased urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR). 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is considered as the best indicator of vitamin D status. Previous studies have shown that 25(OH)D is related to the UACR. However, evidence concerning the connection between 25(OH)D and UACR is still limited in the Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 549 participants with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the study from Shenzhen People's Hospital, China. The participants were grouped by the tertiles of 25(OH)D level. The association between 25(OH)D and UACR was examined by multiple linear regression. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to verify a non-linear relationship. We conducted a subgroup analysis to evaluate the robustness of the results. RESULTS After adjusting for relevant variables, 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with UACR (β = -8.7, 95% CI (-12.0, -5.4)). A non-linear relationship was discovered between 25(OH)D and UACR, and the 25(OH)D threshold was 67. The effect sizes and confidence intervals on the left and right sides of the inflection point were -13.9 (-18.2, -9.6) and 8.9 (-1.1, 18.9), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed a stronger correlation could be detected in males. The same trend also could be found in patients older than 70 years old, those with using ACEI/ARB, with history of hypertension, with SBP ≥140 mmHg and eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2. CONCLUSION The relationship between 25(OH)D and UACR is non-linear. 25(OH)D was negatively related to UACR when 25(OH)D is less than 67 nmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Le
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shufen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijing Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lijing Jia Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China Email
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Wang M, Zhou T, Li X, Ma H, Liang Z, Fonseca VA, Heianza Y, Qi L. Baseline Vitamin D Status, Sleep Patterns, and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Data From the UK Biobank Study. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:2776-2784. [PMID: 32847829 PMCID: PMC7576418 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating vitamin D concentrations have been associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the results are inconsistent. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D metabolism is linked to sleep behaviors. We investigated the prospective association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and the risk of incident T2D and whether such association was modified by sleep behaviors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study included 350,211 individuals free of diabetes in the UK Biobank. Serum 25OHD (nmol/L) concentrations were measured. Five sleep behaviors including sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, chronotype, and daytime sleepiness were included to generate overall sleep patterns, defined by healthy sleep scores. We also calculated genetic risk scores of sleep patterns. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, we documented 6,940 case subjects with incident T2D. We found that serum 25OHD was significantly associated with a lower risk of incident T2D, and the multivariate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) per 10 nmol/L increase was 0.88 (0.87-0.90). We found a significant interaction between 25OHD and overall sleep patterns on the risk of incident T2D (P for interaction = 0.002). The inverse association between high 25OHD and T2D was more prominent among participants with healthier sleep patterns. Among the individual sleep behaviors, daytime sleepiness showed the strongest interaction with 25OHD (P for interaction = 0.0006). The reduced HR of T2D associated with high 25OHD appeared to be more evident among participants with no frequent daytime sleepiness compared with those with excessive daytime sleepiness. The genetic variations of the sleep patterns did not modify the relation between 25OHD and T2D. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that higher serum 25OHD concentrations are associated with a lower risk of incident T2D, and such relations are modified by overall sleep patterns, with daytime sleepiness being the major contributor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Tao Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Zhaoxia Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA .,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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19
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Ciulei G, Orasan OH, Coste SC, Cozma A, Negrean V, Procopciuc LM. Vitamin D and the insulin-like growth factor system: Implications for colorectal neoplasia. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13265. [PMID: 32379895 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have strongly associated lower levels of vitamin D and its metabolites with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The action of calcitriol, the active metabolite of vitamin D, is mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR) that is present in most tissues. In advanced CRC, VDR expression is lowered. Calcitriol has several antineoplastic effects in CRC: it promotes the G1-phase cycle arrest, lowers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis and acts on tumour stromal fibroblasts to limit cell migration and angiogenesis. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of CRC. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 have been the most studied components of the IGF system. Only 1% of the total serum IGF-1 is free and bioactive, and 80% of it binds to IGFBP-3. IGF-1 and its receptor IGF-1R are known to induce cell proliferation. Both IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 can favour angiogenesis by increasing the transcription of the VEGF gene. A high serum IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio is associated with increased risk for CRC. VDR is a transcription factor for the IGFBP-3 gene, and IGF-1 can increase calcitriol synthesis. Studies examining the effect of vitamin D treatment on serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 have not been in agreement since different populations, dosages and intervention periods have been used. New vitamin D treatment studies that examine CRC should take in account confounding factors such as obesity or VDR genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Ciulei
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Hilda Orasan
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sorina Cezara Coste
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Angela Cozma
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Negrean
- Department 5 Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucia Maria Procopciuc
- Department 3 Molecular Sciences, Medical Biochemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Moo IH, Kam CJW, Cher EWL, Peh BCJ, Lo CE, Chua DTC, Lo NN, Howe TS, Koh JSB. The effect of the comorbidity burden on vitamin D levels in geriatric hip fracture. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:524. [PMID: 32770993 PMCID: PMC7414725 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elderly patients with hip fractures often have multiple medical comorbidities, and vitamin D deficiency is common in this population. Accumulating evidence links low vitamin D levels to various comorbidities. However, very little is known about the collective impact of comorbidities on vitamin D levels. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a validated comorbidity burden index. We hypothesized that a high CCI score is associated with vitamin D deficiency in elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted among all hospitalized elderly patients aged > 60 years admitted for low-energy hip fracture in a single tertiary hospital from 2013 to 2015. Data regarding patient demographics, fracture type, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and age-adjusted CCI score were collected and analysed. Results Of the 796 patients included in the study, 70.6% (n = 562) of the patients were women and the mean age was 77.7 ± 8.0 years. The mean vitamin D level was 20.4 ± 7.4 ng/mL, and 91.7% ofhospitalized elderly patients with hip fracture had inadequate vitamin D level. There was no correlation between the individual serum vitamin D level with respect to age-adjusted CCI (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.01; p = 0.87). After stratifying the CCI scores into low and high comorbidity burden groups (i.e., with scores 1–2 and ≥ 3), there was no relationship between the 2 subgroups for age-adjusted CCI and vitamin D levels (p = 0.497). Furthermore, there was also no association among age, gender, fracture type, and smoking status with the mean 25(OH)D level (p > 0.05). Conclusion Low vitamin D levels were highly prevalent in our hip fracture cohort. There was no relationship between the CCI score and vitamin D levels in the geriatric hip population. The comorbidity burden in geriatric patients with hip fractures did not seem to be a significant factor for vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing How Moo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | - Eric Wei Liang Cher
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bryan Ce Jie Peh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chung Ean Lo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ngai Nung Lo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tet Sen Howe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joyce Suang Bee Koh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Effects of chromium supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105098. [PMID: 32730903 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the effect of chromium supplementation on glycemic control indices in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS Randomized controlled trials examining the effect of chromium supplementation on glycemic control indices and published before February 2020 were detected by searching online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of sciences and The Cochrane Library, using a combination of suitable keywords. Mean change and standard deviation (SD) of the outcome measures were used to estimate the mean difference between the supplementation group and the control group at follow-up. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies reported fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as an outcome measure. Results revealed significant reduction in FPG (weighted mean difference (WMD): -19.00 mg/dl, 95% CI: -36.15, -1.85, P = 0.030; I2: 99.8%, p < 0.001), insulin level (WMD: -12.35 pmol/l, 95% CI: -17.86, -6.83, P < 0.001), HbA1C (WMD: -0.71 %, 95% CI: -1.19, -0.23, P = 0.004) and HOMA-IR (WMD: -1.53, 95% CI: -2.35, -0.72, P < 0.001; I2: 89.9%, p < 0.001) after chromium supplementation. CONCLUSION The results of the current meta-analysis study might support the use of chromium supplementation for the improvement of glycemic control indices in T2DM patients.
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Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Janbabaei G, Alizadeh-navaei R, Amjadi O, Mahdavi Izadi J, Omrani-Nava V. Association between pre-chemotherapy serum levels of vitamin D and clinicopathologic findings in gastric cancer. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020; 11:290-294. [PMID: 32874436 PMCID: PMC7442461 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.11.3.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the serum levels of vitamin D in newly diagnosed gastric cancer (GC) patients compared with normal subjects and any possible association with prognostic variables. METHODS One-hundred subjects (50 GC and 50 controls) were enrolled and serum vitamin D levels were assessed using ELISA. Based on two definitions, vitamin D was classified as a sufficient level (≥30 ng/dL) and optimal level (25-80 ng/dL). The χ2and unpaired t-test was used for data analysis with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS The mean serum levels of vitamin D in patients and controls were 26.86 (±14.6) and 31.72 (±13.4), respectively (P=0.09). The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was higher in GC cases than controls (P=0.045 if sufficient level ≥30 and P=0.065 if sufficient level ≥25). According to histological grade analysis, grade 3 patients (poorly differentiated) were found with significantly lower vitamin D concentrations in serum than grade 1 and 2 subjects (22.25 vs 33.29 ng/dL, P=0.021). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) stages, distant metastasis, and location of the tumor. CONCLUSION Higher prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in GC patients may reflect its role in malignancy; however, further studies are needed to confirm this relationship and any possible benefits to the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghasem Janbabaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Omolbanin Amjadi
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jeyran Mahdavi Izadi
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Versa Omrani-Nava
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Correspondence: Versa Omrani-Nava, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. E-mail: , Tel: 0098 1133361640 , Fax: 0098 1133361640
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Heath AK, Hodge AM, Ebeling PR, Kvaskoff D, Eyles DW, Giles GG, English DR, Williamson EJ. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and cause-specific mortality in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 198:105612. [PMID: 32007563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher all-cause mortality, but associations with specific causes of death are unclear. We investigated the association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration and cause-specific mortality using a case-cohort study within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS). Eligibility for the case-cohort study was restricted to participants with baseline dried blood spot samples and no pre-baseline diagnosis of cancer. These analyses included participants who died (n = 2307) during a mean follow-up of 14 years and a sex-stratified random sample of eligible cohort participants ('subcohort', n = 2923). Concentration of 25(OH)D was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Cox regression, with Barlow weights and robust standard errors to account for the case-cohort design, was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for cause-specific mortality in relation to 25(OH)D concentration with adjustment for confounders. Circulating 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with risk of death due to cancer (HR per 25 nmol/L increment = 0.88, 95 % CI 0.78-0.99), particularly colorectal cancer (HR = 0.75, 95 % CI 0.57-0.99). Higher 25(OH)D concentrations were also associated with a lower risk of death due to diseases of the respiratory system (HR = 0.62, 95 % CI 0.43-0.88), particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR = 0.53, 95 % CI 0.30-0.94), and diseases of the digestive system (HR = 0.44, 95 % CI 0.26-0.76). Estimates for diabetes mortality (HR = 0.64, 95 % CI 0.33-1.26) and cardiovascular disease mortality (HR = 0.90, 95 % CI 0.76-1.07) lacked precision. The findings suggest that vitamin D might be important for preventing death due to some cancers, respiratory diseases, and digestive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K Heath
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - David Kvaskoff
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Darryl W Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, the Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Precision Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Dallas R English
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth J Williamson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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Akter S, Kuwahara K, Matsushita Y, Nakagawa T, Konishi M, Honda T, Yamamoto S, Hayashi T, Noda M, Mizoue T. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and risk of type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults: the Hitachi Health Study. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:1218-1224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kopp TI, Vogel U, Andersen V. Associations between common polymorphisms in CYP2R1 and GC, Vitamin D intake and risk of colorectal cancer in a prospective case-cohort study in Danes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228635. [PMID: 32012190 PMCID: PMC6996822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between vitamin D and incidence of colorectal cancer has been thoroughly investigated, but the results are conflicting. The objectives in this study were to investigate whether two functional polymorphisms in GC and CYP2R1, respectively, previously shown to predict vitamin D concentrations, were associated with risk of colorectal cancer; and further, to assess gene-environment interaction between the polymorphisms and intake of vitamin D through diet and supplementation in relation to risk of colorectal cancer. Methods A nested case-cohort study of 920 colorectal cancer cases and 1743 randomly selected participants from the Danish prospective “Diet, Cancer and Health” study was performed. Genotypes CYP2R1/rs10741657 and GC/rs4588 were determined by PCR-based KASP™ genotyping assay. Vitamin D intake from supplements and diet was assessed from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Incidence rate ratios were estimated by the Cox proportional hazards model, and interactions between polymorphisms in GC and CYP2R1 and vitamin D intake in relation to risk of colorectal cancer were assessed. Results Neither of the two polymorphisms was associated with risk of colorectal cancer per se. Heterozygote carriage of CYP2R1/rs10741657 and GC/rs4588, and carriage of two risk alleles (estimated by a genetic risk score) were weakly associated with 9–12% decreased risk of colorectal cancer per 3 μg intake of vitamin D per day (IRRCYP2R1/rs10741657 = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79–0.97; IRRGC/rs4588 = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82–1.01, IRRGRS2 = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81–0.99). Conclusions The results suggest that genetic variation in vitamin D metabolising genes may influence the association between vitamin D intake, through food and supplementation, and risk of colorectal cancer. Clinical trial registry NCT03370432. Registered 12 December 2017 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Iskov Kopp
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Focused Research Unit for Molecular Diagnostic and Clinical Research, IRS-Centre Sonderjylland, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research-Center Sønderjylland, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Zhang D, Cheng C, Wang Y, Sun H, Yu S, Xue Y, Liu Y, Li W, Li X. Effect of Vitamin D on Blood Pressure and Hypertension in the General Population: An Update Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials. Prev Chronic Dis 2020; 17:E03. [PMID: 31922371 PMCID: PMC6977781 DOI: 10.5888/pcd17.190307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure has been explored in previous meta-analyses, but whether the association is causal in the general population is still unknown. We evaluated the association comprehensively and quantitatively. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase for relevant cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used a 2-step generalized least-squares method to assess the dose–response association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and hypertension and a fixed-effects model to pool the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of blood pressure across RCTs. Results We identified 11 cohort studies and 27 RCTs, with 43,320 and 3,810 participants, respectively. The dose–response relationship between circulating 25(OH)D levels and hypertension risk was approximately L-shaped (Pnonlinearity = .04), suggesting that the risk of hypertension increased substantially below 75 nmol/L as 25(OH)D decreased, but it remained significant over the range of 75–130 nmol/L. However, pooled results of RCTs showed that there was no significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (WMD, −0.00 mm Hg; 95% CI, −0.71 to 0.71) or diastolic blood pressure (WMD, 0.19 mm Hg; 95% CI, −0.29 to 0.67) after vitamin D intervention. Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis indicate that supplementation with vitamin D does not lower blood pressure in the general population. RCTs with long-term interventions and a sufficient number of participants who have low levels of vitamin D are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Hualei Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Songcheng Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan, China.
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
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Li J, Li X, Gathirua-Mwangi W, Song Y. Prevalence and trends in dietary supplement use among US adults with diabetes: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1999-2014. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000925. [PMID: 31958304 PMCID: PMC7039581 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate overall prevalence and trends of use of any supplements, multivitamins/multiminerals (MVMM), individual vitamins, minerals, and non-vitamin, non-mineral (NVNM) supplements among adults with diabetes in the USA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used a nationally representative sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected between 1999 and 2014. Information on supplement use in the preceding 30 days was collected during interview over 8 continuous 2-year waves. To account for the complex sampling design, weighted analyses were conducted among 6688 US adults with diabetes aged 20-85 years and also stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, comorbidity status, and diabetes duration. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of any supplement use (52%-58%; P for trend=0.08) and that of any mineral use (47%-51%; P for trend=0.23) seemed stable over the years studied. Reported use of MVMM slightly decreased from 36% to 32% (P for trend=0.006). Use of any vitamin products significantly increased from 47% to 52% (P for trend=0.03). Use of some individual supplements, especially vitamin D, choline, lycopene, and fish oil supplements, significantly increased, while some vitamins, minerals and NVNM supplements decreased over the years. In addition, the trend of any supplement use varied by age, sex, race/ethnicity, or education, but not by diabetes duration or diabetic comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS Among US patients with diabetes, use of any dietary supplements or any minerals remained stable, while MVMM use slightly decreased and use of any vitamins increased. Additionally, use of several individual supplements varied significantly over the 16-year period studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Zhang L, Zou H, Zhao Y, Hu C, Atanda A, Qin X, Jia P, Jiang Y, Qi Z. Association between blood circulating vitamin D and colorectal cancer risk in Asian countries: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030513. [PMID: 31874870 PMCID: PMC7008426 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association between blood circulating vitamin D levels and colorectal cancer risk in the Asian population. DESIGN This is a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies that investigated the relationship between blood circulating vitamin D levels and colorectal cancer risk in the Asian population. DATA SOURCES Relevant studies were identified through a literature search in Medline, Embase and Web of Science from 1st January 1980 to 31st January 2019. Eligibility criteria: original studies published in peer-reviewed journals investigating the association between blood circulating vitamin D levels and the risk of colorectal cancer and/or adenoma in Asian countries. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two authors independently extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies. Study-specific ORs were pooled using a random-effects model. A dose-response meta-analysis was performed with generalised least squares regression. We applied the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. RESULTS The eight included studies encompassed a total of 2916 cases and 6678 controls. The pooled ORs of colorectal cancer for the highest versus lowest categories of blood circulating vitamin D levels was 0.75 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.97) up to 36.5 ng/mL in the Asian population. There was heterogeneity among the studies (I2=53.9%, Pheterogeneity=0.034). The dose-response meta-analysis indicated a significant linear relationship (Pnon-linearity=0.11). An increment of 16 ng/mL in blood circulating vitamin D level corresponded to an OR of 0.79 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.97). CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis indicate that blood circulating vitamin D level is associated with decreased risk of colorectal cancer in Asian countries. The dose-response meta-analysis shows that the strength of this association among the Asian population is similar to that among the Western population. Our study suggests that the Asian population should improve nutritional status and maintain a higher level of blood circulating vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre of Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health(Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre on Implementation Research for Prevention & Control of NCDs, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chunlei Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Adejare Atanda
- School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xuzhen Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Jia
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, Overijssel, Netherlands
- International Initiative on Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Harreiter J, Desoye G, van Poppel MNM, Kautzky-Willer A, Dunne F, Corcoy R, Devlieger R, Simmons D, Adelantado JM, Damm P, Mathiesen ER, Jensen DM, Anderson LLT, Lapolla A, Dalfrà MG, Bertolotto A, Wender-Ozegowska E, Zawiejska A, Hill DJ, Snoek FJ. The Effects of Lifestyle and/or Vitamin D Supplementation Interventions on Pregnancy Outcomes: What Have We Learned from the DALI Studies? Curr Diab Rep 2019; 19:162. [PMID: 31845115 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-019-1282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The DALI (vitamin D and lifestyle intervention in the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)) study aimed to prevent GDM with lifestyle interventions or Vitamin D supplementation (1600 IU/day). This review summarizes the learnings from the DALI studies among pregnant women with a BMI ≥ 29 kg/m2. RECENT FINDINGS Women diagnosed with GDM earlier in pregnancy had a worse metabolic profile than those diagnosed later. A combined physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) lifestyle intervention improved both behaviours, limited gestational weight gain (GWG) and was cost-effective. Although GDM risk was unchanged, neonatal adiposity was reduced due to less sedentary time. Neither PA nor HE alone limited GWG or GDM risk. Fasting glucose was higher with HE only intervention, and lower with Vitamin D supplementation. Our combined intervention did not prevent GDM, but was cost-effective, limited GWG and reduced neonatal adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Harreiter
- Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Gender Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Rosa Corcoy
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Roland Devlieger
- KU Leuven Department of Development and Regeneration: Pregnancy, Fetus and Neonate, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Simmons
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, England.
- School of Medicine, Macarthur Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Campbelltown, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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Provvisiero DP, Negri M, de Angelis C, Di Gennaro G, Patalano R, Simeoli C, Papa F, Ferrigno R, Auriemma RS, De Martino MC, Colao A, Pivonello R, Pivonello C. Vitamin D reverts resistance to the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in hepatocellular carcinoma through the activation of a miR-375/oncogenes circuit. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11695. [PMID: 31406139 PMCID: PMC6690984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary or acquired resistant mechanisms prevent the employment of individualized therapy with target drugs like the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (EVE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The current study evaluated the effect of 1,25(OH)2Vitamin D (VitD) treatment on EVE sensitivity in established models of HCC cell lines resistant to everolimus (EveR). DNA content and colony formation assays, which measure the proliferative index, revealed that VitD pre-treatment re-sensitizes EveR cells to EVE treatment. The evaluation of epithelial and mesenchymal markers by western blot and immunofluorescence showed that VitD restored an epithelial phenotype in EveR cells, in which prolonged EVE treatment induced transition to mesenchymal phenotype. Moreover, VitD treatment prompted hepatic miRNAs regulation, evaluated by liver miRNA finder qPCR array. In particular, miR-375 expression was up-regulated by VitD in EveR cells, in which miR-375 was down-regulated compared to parental cells, with consequent inhibition of oncogenes involved in drug resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) such as MTDH, YAP-1 and c-MYC. In conclusion, the results of the current study demonstrated that VitD can re-sensitize HCC cells resistant to EVE treatment triggering miR-375 up-regulation and consequently down-regulating several oncogenes responsible of EMT and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Paola Provvisiero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Negri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina de Angelis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Di Gennaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Patalano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Simeoli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fortuna Papa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Ferrigno
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Renata Simona Auriemma
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina De Martino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
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31
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Zhu K, Knuiman M, Divitini M, Hung J, Lim EM, Cooke BR, Walsh JP. Lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with colorectal and breast cancer, but not overall cancer risk: a 20-year cohort study. Nutr Res 2019; 67:100-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shah M, Garg A. The relationships between macronutrient and micronutrient intakes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asians: A review. J Diabetes Complications 2019; 33:500-507. [PMID: 31126704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Asians (SA) have increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The role of nutrient intakes in T2DM in SA is not well understood, however. OBJECTIVE The paper reviewed the relationship between macronutrient and micronutrients intakes and T2DM in SA. METHODS The MEDLINE database was searched for relevant papers on this topic in SA. RESULTS There was some evidence that dietary fiber and linoleic acid intake may reduce but carbohydrates may increase the risk of T2DM. Some studies found higher energy from protein and fat in subjects with T2DM versus controls. Other studies, however, found lower carbohydrate intake among those with T2DM or no relationship between diet composition and T2DM. Several vitamins and minerals were also inversely related to T2DM. CONCLUSIONS The data were limited to a few epidemiological studies. Most studies did not distinguish between undiagnosed and known T2DM. Subjects with known T2DM are more likely to have changed their diet. Prospective cohort or randomized controlled studies examining the role of diet composition, using precise image-assisted dietary assessment method and blood biomarkers, in the development of T2DM among migrant and native SA are needed. Lastly, a more complete nutrient database for foods consumed by SA is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Shah
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America; Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America; Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, United States of America.
| | - Abhimanyu Garg
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America; Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America.
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33
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Sadeghi H, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Yaghoob-Taleghani M, Amin-Beidokhti M, Yassaee VR, Aghdaei HA, Zali MR, Mirfakhraie R. miR-30a promoter variation contributes to the increased risk of colorectal cancer in an Iranian population. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7734-7740. [PMID: 30387187 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1) gene is overexpressed in many cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC) and correlated with tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and the reduced overall survival. We predicted that miR-30a and miR-125a regulate the CYp24A1 gene expression. Therefore, we performed a case-control study using 800 individuals, including 389 patients with CRC and 411 noncancer controls to evaluate the association between miR-30a rs2222722 and miR-125a rs12976445 polymorphisms, located at in the promoter region, and the risk of sporadic CRC in an Iranian population. The genotyping assay for both polymorphisms was performed using Tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation systems polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated that the frequency of the miR-30a rs2222722 CT genotype was significantly different in the studied groups ( P = 0.0001; odds ratio [OR] = 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39-2.60). Also, a significant difference was observed under the dominant inheritance model ( P = 0.0001; OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.33-2.43). The frequency of the miR-30a rs2222722 T allele was significantly associated with increased CRC risk in the studied population ( P = 0.0019; OR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.15-1.89). Taken together, our study provides preliminary evidence that the rs2222722 polymorphism increases the susceptibility to CRC in an Iranian population. Therefore, the affecting factors on CYP24A1 gene expression such as microRNAs can be considered as risk factors for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yaghoob-Taleghani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Amin-Beidokhti
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Yassaee
- Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Vitamin D, traditionally well known for its role in maintaining optimal health through its contribution to calcium metabolism and skeletal health, has received increased attention over the past two decades, with considerable focus being placed on its nonskeletal benefits. This paper is a narrative review of the nonskeletal health benefits of vitamin D, of particular interest to inhabitants of Mediterranean countries, namely, autism, cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dental caries, diabetes mellitus, erectile dysfunction, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, respiratory tract infections, all-cause mortality, and pregnancy and birth outcomes, because of the relatively high incidence and/or prevalence of these disorders in this region. Currently, the best evidence is coming out of observational studies related to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations. Vitamin D clinical trials have generally been poorly designed and conducted, usually being based on vitamin D dose rather than 25(OH)D concentration. The optimal 25(OH)D concentration is above 75 nmol/l (30 ng/ml), with even better health outcomes in the range of 100-150 nmol/l. Achieving these concentrations with vitamin D3 supplements will require 1000-4000 IU/day of vitamin D3. Sensible sun exposure should also be encouraged. Countries should also consider fortifying grain and dairy products with vitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA, 94164-1603, USA.
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35
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Heath AK, Williamson EJ, Hodge AM, Ebeling PR, Eyles DW, Kvaskoff D, O'Dea K, Giles GG, English DR. Vitamin D status and the risk of type 2 diabetes: The Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 149:179-187. [PMID: 29782935 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Inverse associations between vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes observed in epidemiological studies could be biased by confounding and reverse causality. We investigated the prospective association between vitamin D status and type 2 diabetes and the possible role of reverse causality. METHODS We conducted a case-cohort study within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS), including a random sample of 628 participants who developed diabetes and a sex-stratified random sample of the cohort (n = 1884). Concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in samples collected at recruitment. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of type 2 diabetes for quartiles of 25(OH)D relative to the lowest quartile and per 25 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D, adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS The ORs for the highest versus lowest 25(OH)D quartile and per 25 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D were 0.60 (95% CI: 0.44, 0.81) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.92; p = 0.004), respectively. In participants who reported being in good/very good/excellent health approximately four years after recruitment, ORs for the highest versus lowest 25(OH)D quartile and per 25 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D were 0.46 (95% CI: 0.29, 0.72) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.89; p = 0.003), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of middle-aged Australians, vitamin D status was inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, and this association did not appear to be explained by reverse causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia K Heath
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Williamson
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, 222 Euston Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 2DA, UK; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Allison M Hodge
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Darryl W Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia
| | - David Kvaskoff
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kerin O'Dea
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Dallas R English
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
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36
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Lucas RM, Yazar S, Young AR, Norval M, de Gruijl FR, Takizawa Y, Rhodes LE, Sinclair CA, Neale RE. Human health in relation to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation under changing stratospheric ozone and climate. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:641-680. [PMID: 30810559 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp90060d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Montreal Protocol has limited increases in the UV-B (280-315 nm) radiation reaching the Earth's surface as a result of depletion of stratospheric ozone. Nevertheless, the incidence of skin cancers continues to increase in most light-skinned populations, probably due mainly to risky sun exposure behaviour. In locations with strong sun protection programs of long duration, incidence is now reducing in younger age groups. Changes in the epidemiology of UV-induced eye diseases are less clear, due to a lack of data. Exposure to UV radiation plays a role in the development of cataracts, pterygium and possibly age-related macular degeneration; these are major causes of visual impairment world-wide. Photodermatoses and phototoxic reactions to drugs are not uncommon; management of the latter includes recognition of the risks by the prescribing physician. Exposure to UV radiation has benefits for health through the production of vitamin D in the skin and modulation of immune function. The latter has benefits for skin diseases such as psoriasis and possibly for systemic autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The health risks of sun exposure can be mitigated through appropriate sun protection, such as clothing with both good UV-blocking characteristics and adequate skin coverage, sunglasses, shade, and sunscreen. New sunscreen preparations provide protection against a broader spectrum of solar radiation, but it is not clear that this has benefits for health. Gaps in knowledge make it difficult to derive evidence-based sun protection advice that balances the risks and benefits of sun exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. and Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - S Yazar
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - M Norval
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - F R de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y Takizawa
- Akita University School of Medicine, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Nakadai, Itabashiku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L E Rhodes
- Centre for Dermatology Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - R E Neale
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia and School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Australia
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37
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Liu M, Wang J, He Y. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D were associated with higher risk of both albuminuria and impaired GFR incidence: a cohort study based on CLHLS study. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:20. [PMID: 30646860 PMCID: PMC6332878 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the relationship between 25-hyfromxyvitamin D (25OHD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence. METHODS All the elderly who had participated both in the 2011-2012 survey and 2014 survey in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), and have biomarker data were included in the analysis. We studied those without CKD with complete data at 2011-2012 waves. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D was assessed at baseline. Cox proportional risk model was used to evaluate associations between serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and CKD (including both albuminuria and impaired eGFR) incidence after adjusted for potential confounding.. RESULTS During the follow-up years, 255 incident cases of CKD were diagnosed. Those who developed CKD had relatively lower serum 25(OH)D (mean 37.63 vs.51.36 nmol/L, p < 0.001) compared with those who remained free of CKD. Each 1 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D was associated with 3.4% reduced risk of CKD (HR = 0.966, 95%CI: 0.959-0.973) after adjusted for related covariates. The HRs of each 1 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D for albuminuria and impaired eGFR were 0.952(95%CI: 0.941-0.963) and 0.975(95%CI: 0.966-0.983) respectively. When use the classifications (sufficiency, insufficiency, deficiency) or quintiles of baseline 25(OH)D levels in the Cox model, the corresponding HRs showed an increasing trend along with the decrease of baseline 25(OH)D levels (p for trend < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Higher 25(OH)D levels were inversely and independently associated with CKD incidence among Chinese elderly. The trend for the observed linear relationship b was most pronounced among the lowest quintile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National clinical research center for geriatrics diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National clinical research center for geriatrics diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National clinical research center for geriatrics diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
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38
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Association Between the 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Status and Physical Performance in Healthy Recreational Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122724. [PMID: 30513927 PMCID: PMC6313736 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular and clinical studies have linked vitamin D (vitD) deficiency to several aspects of muscle performance. For this retrospective cross-sectional study data from 297 male (M) and 284 female (F) healthy recreational athletes were used to evaluate the prevalence of vitD deficiency in athletes living in Austria and to determine whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) correlates with maximal (Pmax) and submaximal physical performance (Psubmax) measured on a treadmill ergometer. The data were controlled for age, season, weekly training hours (WTH), body mass index (BMI) and smoking status. 96 M and 75 F had 25(OH)D levels ≤ 20 ng/mL. 25(OH)D levels showed seasonal variations, but no seasonal differences in Pmax and Psubmax were detected. M with 25(OH)D levels ≤ 20 ng/mL had significantly lower Psubmax (p = 0.045) than those with normal levels. In F no significant differences in Pmax or Psubmax were detected. Stepwise multiple regression analysis including all covariates revealed significant correlations between 25(OH)D levels and Pmax (β = 0.138, p = 0.003) and Psubmax (β = 0.152, p = 0.002) in M. Interestingly, for F significant correlations between 25(OH)D and both Pmax and Psubmax disappeared after adding WTH to the model. In conclusion, our data suggest that 25(OH)D status is associated with physical performance especially in M, while in F, WTH and BMI seem to affect the correlation.
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39
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Lin T, Song Y, Zhang X, Guo H, Liu L, Zhou Z, Wang B, Tang G, Liu C, Yang Y, Ling W, Yuan Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Huo Y, Wang X, Zhang H, Qin X, Xu X. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and risk of incident cancer in adults with hypertension: A nested case-control study. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:2381-2388. [PMID: 30473442 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Evidence from epidemiologic studies on the association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with the incident risk of cancer has been inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the prospective relationship of baseline plasma 25(OH)D concentrations with the risk of cancer, and to examine possible effect modifiers. METHODS We employed a nested case-control study design, including 231 patients with incident cancer during a median 4.5 years of follow up, and 231 matched controls from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT). RESULTS The prevalence of plasma 25(OH)D <15, <20 and <30 ng/mL was 23.6%, 47.4% and 85.5%, respectively. Overall, there was an inverse relation between risk of cancer and plasma 25(OH)D. The Odds ratios (95% CI) for participants in the second (15.1 to <20.6 ng/mL), third (20.6 to <26.4 ng/mL) and fourth quartiles (≥26.4 ng/mL) were 0.45 (95% CI: 0.25-0.80), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.27-1.06) and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.27-1.10), respectively, compared with those in quartile 1. Conversely, low 25(OH)D (<15.1 ng/mL) concentrations were associated with increased risk of cancer (OR, 2.08; 95% CI: 1.20-3.59) compared to higher concentrations. These associations were consistent across subtypes of cancer. Several potential effect modifiers were identified, including plasma vitamin E concentrations and alcohol intake. CONCLUSIONS Low plasma 25(OH)D concentrations (<15.1 ng/mL) were associated with increased total cancer risk among Chinese hypertensive adults, compared to higher 25(OH)D concentrations. This finding and the possible effect modifiers warrant additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease, The State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xianglin Zhang
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease, The State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lishun Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease, The State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Genfu Tang
- Health Management College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhengqiang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xianhui Qin
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease, The State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Xiping Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease, The State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Triangular relationship between CYP2R1 gene polymorphism, serum 25(OH)D 3 levels and T2DM in a Chinese rural population. Gene 2018; 678:172-176. [PMID: 30081191 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A low serum vitamin D concentration is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, several single nucleotid polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified which influence vitamin D levels. If a causal relationship exists between vitamin D concentrations and T2DM, one would expect a similar association between the newly identified SNPs and T2DM risk. Therefore, this study investigated the association between four SNPs of cytochrome P450 family 2, subfamily R, peptide 1 (CYP2R1) gene, serum 25(OH)D3 levels and T2DM. METHODS Three hundred and ninety-seven patients with confirmed T2DM, as well as 397 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Genotyping was performed by TaqMan probe assays. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis and muitiple logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the possible risk genotype for vitamin D levels and T2DM, respectively. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to analyze the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. RESULTS The serum 25(OH)D3 levels were significant lower in the T2DM group. Significant differences were observed between patients and controls in terms of the genotype distributions of rs1993116 (P = 0.048) and rs10766197 (P = 0.024). Similarly, rs1993116 and rs10766197 polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with T2DM risk. AG + GG genotype carriers of the rs1993116 and rs10766197 polymorphisms could have an increased risk of developing T2DM compared with AA carriers, the OR and 95% CI were 1.64 (1.09-2.46) and 1.76 (1.18-2.65), respectively. However, none of the tested SNPs were independently associated with serum 25(OH)D3 levels (P > 0.059). Gene-gene and gene-environment interaction analyses indicated that rs12794714-rs10766197 and rs12794714-vitamin D deficiency (VDD) models successfully predicted T2DM risk (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Rs1993116 and rs10766197 polymorphisms of CYP2R1 gene may be novel genetic markers for T2DM in China. Given the lack of association between SNPs and serum 25(OH)D3 levels, well-designed future studies should be conducted with larger sample sizes in rural areas of China.
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Moossavi M, Parsamanesh N, Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Moosavi M, Tavakkoli T, Fakharian T, Naseri M. Positive correlation between vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility in South-Khorasan of Iran. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8190-8194. [PMID: 29953646 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem. Despite the major milestone in early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer, the prevalence of CRC rates is still rising. The etiology of CRC is still unknown but we know CRC is influenced by both of environment and genetic factors. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphic regions; FokI and TaqI single nucleotide polymorphisms, in increasing the risk of colorectal cancer in Birjand population. One hundred patients with CRC and 100 healthy controls recruited to the study. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) method technique for all individuals. There were statistically significant differences between ff genotype and f allele of FokI SNP in case and control groups. Our results manifested positive correlation between ff genotype and f allele of FokI SNP with colorectal cancer predisposition (P = 0.035, P = 0.0001 respectively) in South Khorasan population. The present study showed that FokI polymorphism but not TaqI polymorphism may contribute to CRC susceptibility. In addition, ff genotype of FokI polymorphism was associated with CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moossavi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Negin Parsamanesh
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Milad Mohammadoo-Khorasani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Moosavi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Tavakkoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahereh Fakharian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Genomic Research Group, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Muller DC, Hodge AM, Fanidi A, Albanes D, Mai XM, Shu XO, Weinstein SJ, Larose TL, Zhang X, Han J, Stampfer MJ, Smith-Warner SA, Ma J, Gaziano JM, Sesso HD, Stevens VL, McCullough ML, Layne TM, Prentice R, Pettinger M, Thomson CA, Zheng W, Gao YT, Rothman N, Xiang YB, Cai H, Wang R, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Butler LM, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Wu J, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Langhammer A, Hveem K, Johansson M, Hultdin J, Grankvist K, Arslan AA, Le Marchand L, Severi G, Johansson M, Brennan P. No association between circulating concentrations of vitamin D and risk of lung cancer: an analysis in 20 prospective studies in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Ann Oncol 2018; 29:1468-1475. [PMID: 29617726 PMCID: PMC6005063 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is observational evidence suggesting that high vitamin D concentrations may protect against lung cancer. To investigate this hypothesis in detail, we measured circulating vitamin D concentrations in prediagnostic blood from 20 cohorts participating in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Patients and methods The study included 5313 lung cancer cases and 5313 controls. Blood samples for the cases were collected, on average, 5 years before lung cancer diagnosis. Controls were individually matched to the cases by cohort, sex, age, race/ethnicity, date of blood collection, and smoking status in five categories. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used to separately analyze 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and their concentrations were combined to give an overall measure of 25(OH)D. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 25(OH)D as both continuous and categorical variables. Results Overall, no apparent association between 25(OH)D and risk of lung cancer was observed (multivariable adjusted OR for a doubling in concentration: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.06). Similarly, we found no clear evidence of interaction by cohort, sex, age, smoking status, or histology. Conclusion This study did not support an association between vitamin D concentrations and lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Muller
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - A M Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - A Fanidi
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - X M Mai
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - X O Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - S J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - T L Larose
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - X Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - J Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA; Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
| | - M J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - S A Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - J Ma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - J M Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Division of Boston VA Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - H D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA; Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - V L Stevens
- Division of Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - M L McCullough
- Division of Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - T M Layne
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - R Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - M Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - C A Thomson
- Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - W Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Y T Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai
| | - N Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Y B Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - H Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - R Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - J M Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - W P Koh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L M Butler
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Q Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - W J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - J Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - P M Ueland
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - A Langhammer
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - K Hveem
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - M Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Hultdin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - K Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA; Department of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - L Le Marchand
- Department of Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - G Severi
- Cancer Epidemiology Center, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Torino, Italy; Centre de Recherche en Epidemiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP) UMR1018 Inserm, Facultés de Médicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - M Johansson
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - P Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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Shah M, Vasandani C, Adams-Huet B, Garg A. Comparison of nutrient intakes in South Asians with type 2 diabetes mellitus and controls living in the United States. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 138:47-56. [PMID: 29382587 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite having a high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), little is known about the relationship between nutrient intakes and T2DM in South Asians (SA) in the U.S. In addition, the available data are limited to a few macronutrients and collected using subjective measures. Therefore, we compared macro- and micro-nutrient intakes of SA migrants with and without T2DM using an objective measure. METHODS SA in the U.S. with T2DM (n = 44) and controls (n = 33) reported their dietary intake using image-assisted dietary assessment method. They took pictures of all foods/drinks consumed on two weekdays and one weekend day. Age, gender distribution, and body mass index were similar across the two groups. RESULTS SA with T2DM, as compared to controls, consumed less total energy (mean difference: 499 kcal/d; p < .0001), linoleic acid (3.6 g/d; p = .003), dietary fiber (8.6 g/d; p < .0001), vitamin A (262 µg/d; p = .003), vitamin E (2.7 mg/d; p = .007), calcium (133 mg/d; p = .01), magnesium (116 mg/d; p < .0001), zinc (1.4 mg/d; p = .004), potassium (754 mg/d; p < .0001), and β-carotene (1761 µg/d; p = .03). SA with T2DM, as compared to controls, were significantly more likely not to meet the requirements for linoleic acid, dietary fiber, vitamin E, calcium, magnesium, zinc, and potassium (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS SA with T2DM, compared to controls, consume less total energy and have lower consumption of many nutrients associated with reduced risk of T2DM. Dietary interventions to reduce risk for T2DM are warranted in SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Shah
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, United States.
| | - Chandna Vasandani
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Beverley Adams-Huet
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Abhimanyu Garg
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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Bais F, Luca RM, Bornman JF, Williamson CE, Sulzberger B, Austin AT, Wilson SR, Andrady AL, Bernhard G, McKenzie RL, Aucamp PJ, Madronich S, Neale RE, Yazar S, Young AR, de Gruijl FR, Norval M, Takizawa Y, Barnes PW, Robson TM, Robinson SA, Ballaré CL, Flint SD, Neale PJ, Hylander S, Rose KC, Wängberg SÅ, Häder DP, Worrest RC, Zepp RG, Paul ND, Cory RM, Solomon KR, Longstreth J, Pandey KK, Redhwi HH, Torikai A, Heikkilä AM. Environmental effects of ozone depletion, UV radiation and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, update 2017. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:127-179. [PMID: 29404558 PMCID: PMC6155474 DOI: 10.1039/c7pp90043k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) is one of three Panels of experts that inform the Parties to the Montreal Protocol. The EEAP focuses on the effects of UV radiation on human health, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, air quality, and materials, as well as on the interactive effects of UV radiation and global climate change. When considering the effects of climate change, it has become clear that processes resulting in changes in stratospheric ozone are more complex than previously held. Because of the Montreal Protocol, there are now indications of the beginnings of a recovery of stratospheric ozone, although the time required to reach levels like those before the 1960s is still uncertain, particularly as the effects of stratospheric ozone on climate change and vice versa, are not yet fully understood. Some regions will likely receive enhanced levels of UV radiation, while other areas will likely experience a reduction in UV radiation as ozone- and climate-driven changes affect the amounts of UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface. Like the other Panels, the EEAP produces detailed Quadrennial Reports every four years; the most recent was published as a series of seven papers in 2015 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2015, 14, 1-184). In the years in between, the EEAP produces less detailed and shorter Update Reports of recent and relevant scientific findings. The most recent of these was for 2016 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2017, 16, 107-145). The present 2017 Update Report assesses some of the highlights and new insights about the interactive nature of the direct and indirect effects of UV radiation, atmospheric processes, and climate change. A full 2018 Quadrennial Assessment, will be made available in 2018/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Bais
- Aristotle Univ. of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - R. M. Luca
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National Univ., Canberra, Australia
| | - J. F. Bornman
- Curtin Univ., Curtin Business School, Perth, Australia
| | | | - B. Sulzberger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - A. T. Austin
- Univ. of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Agronomy and IFEVA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S. R. Wilson
- School of Chemistry, Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, Univ. of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - A. L. Andrady
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - G. Bernhard
- Biospherical Instruments Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - P. J. Aucamp
- Ptersa Environmental Consultants, Faerie Glen, South Africa
| | - S. Madronich
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R. E. Neale
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S. Yazar
- Univ. of Western Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Australia
| | | | - F. R. de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden Univ. Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. Norval
- Univ. of Edinburgh Medical School, UK
| | - Y. Takizawa
- Akita Univ. School of Medicine, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Nakadai, Itabashiku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P. W. Barnes
- Department of Biological Sciences and Environment Program, Loyola Univ., New Orleans, USA
| | - T. M. Robson
- Research Programme in Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Univ. of Helsinki, Finland
| | - S. A. Robinson
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions, School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - C. L. Ballaré
- Univ. of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Agronomy and IFEVA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S. D. Flint
- Dept of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - P. J. Neale
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA
| | - S. Hylander
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial model Systems, Linnaeus Univ., Kalmar, Sweden
| | - K. C. Rose
- Dept of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - S.-Å. Wängberg
- Dept Marine Sciences, Univ. of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - D.-P. Häder
- Friedrich-Alexander Univ. Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dept of Biology, Möhrendorf, Germany
| | - R. C. Worrest
- CIESIN, Columbia Univ., New Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - R. G. Zepp
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - N. D. Paul
- Lanter Environment Centre, Lanter Univ., LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - R. M. Cory
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K. R. Solomon
- Centre for Toxicology, School of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J. Longstreth
- The Institute for Global Risk Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K. K. Pandey
- Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - H. H. Redhwi
- Chemical Engineering Dept, King Fahd Univ. of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Torikai
- Materials Life Society of Japan, Kayabacho Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. M. Heikkilä
- Finnish Meteorological Institute R&D/Climate Research, Helsinki, Finland
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Chandler PD, Tobias DK, Wang L, Smith-Warner SA, Chasman DI, Rose L, Giovannucci EL, Buring JE, Ridker PM, Cook NR, Manson JE, Sesso HD. Association between Vitamin D Genetic Risk Score and Cancer Risk in a Large Cohort of U.S. Women. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10010055. [PMID: 29315215 PMCID: PMC5793283 DOI: 10.3390/nu10010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Some observational studies suggest an inverse association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and cancer incidence and mortality. We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis of the relationship between a vitamin D genetic risk score (GRS, range 0–10), comprised of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vitamin D status in the DHCR7, CYP2R1 and GC genes and cancer risk among women. Analysis was performed in the Women’s Genome Health Study (WGHS), including 23,294 women of European ancestry who were cancer-free at baseline and followed for 20 years for incident cancer. In a subgroup of 1782 WGHS participants with 25OHD measures at baseline, the GRS was associated with circulating 25OHD mean (SD) = 67.8 (26.1) nmol/L, 56.9 (18.7) nmol/L in the lowest versus 73.2 (27.9) nmol/L in the highest quintile of the GRS (p trend < 0.0001 across quintiles). However, in age-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, higher GRS (reflecting higher 25OHD levels) was not associated (cases; Hazard Ratio (HR) (95% Confidence Interval (CI)), p-value) with incident total cancer: (n = 3985; 1.01 (1.00–1.03), p = 0.17), breast (n = 1560; 1.02 (0.99–1.05), p = 0.21), colorectal (n = 329; 1.06 (1.00–1.13), p = 0.07), lung (n = 330; 1.00 (0.94–1.06), p = 0.89) or total cancer death (n = 770; 1.00 (0.96–1.04), p = 0.90). Results were similar in fully-adjusted models. A GRS for higher circulating 25OHD was not associated with cancer incidence or mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulette D Chandler
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Deirdre K Tobias
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Stephanie A Smith-Warner
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Lynda Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Nancy R Cook
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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46
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Tang H, Li D, Li Y, Zhang X, Song Y, Li X. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis and Incident Diabetes among Nondiabetic Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:7908764. [PMID: 30627160 PMCID: PMC6304827 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7908764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Emerging evidence has suggested a mechanistic link from vitamin D metabolism to glucose and insulin homeostasis. This study is aimed at specifically quantifying the direct effects of vitamin D supplementation on indexes of glucose and insulin homeostasis as well as incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among nondiabetic adults. METHODS We systematically searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation in nondiabetic adults in PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the estimates. RESULTS Our meta-analysis included 47 RCTs involving 44,161 nondiabetic individuals with a median trial duration of 4 months and a median dose of 4000 IU/d. Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced fasting glucose by 0.11 mmol/L, fasting insulin by 1.47 mIU/L, and HOMA-IR by 0.32 while increasing total 25 (OH) D levels by 40.14 nmol/L. We found no significant effects of vitamin D supplementation on insulin secretion or beta cell function indexes. Based on the data from six trials involving 39,633 participants and 2533 incident T2D cases, vitamin D supplementation was not associated with the risk of incident diabetes compared to placebo (pooled relative risk: 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.93 to 1.08). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis found that vitamin D supplementation might improve glucose and insulin metabolism without affecting the risk of T2D among nondiabetic adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Deming Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Pinggu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Clinical Research Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Xinli Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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47
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Taylor CL, Sempos CT, Davis CD, Brannon PM. Vitamin D: Moving Forward to Address Emerging Science. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1308. [PMID: 29194368 PMCID: PMC5748758 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The science surrounding vitamin D presents both challenges and opportunities. Although many uncertainties are associated with the understandings concerning vitamin D, including its physiological function, the effects of excessive intake, and its role in health, it is at the same time a major interest in the research and health communities. The approach to evaluating and interpreting the available evidence about vitamin D should be founded on the quality of the data and on the conclusions that take into account the totality of the evidence. In addition, these activities can be used to identify critical data gaps and to help structure future research. The Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) at the National Institutes of Health has as part of its mission the goal of supporting research and dialogues for topics with uncertain data, including vitamin D. This review considers vitamin D in the context of systematically addressing the uncertainty and in identifying research needs through the filter of the work of ODS. The focus includes the role of systematic reviews, activities that encompass considerations of the totality of the evidence, and collaborative activities to clarify unknowns or to fix methodological problems, as well as a case study using the relationship between cancer and vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Taylor
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Room 3B01, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Christopher T Sempos
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Room 3B01, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Cindy D Davis
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Room 3B01, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Patsy M Brannon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, 225 Savage Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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48
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Moshammer H, Simic S, Haluza D. UV-Radiation: From Physics to Impacts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14020200. [PMID: 28218687 PMCID: PMC5334754 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has affected life at least since the first life forms moved out of the seas and crawled onto the land. Therefore, one might assume that evolution has adapted to natural UV radiation. However, evolution is mostly concerned with the propagation of the genetic code, not with a long, happy, and fulfilling life. Because rickets is bad for a woman giving birth, the beneficial effects of UV-radiation outweigh the adverse effects like aged skin and skin tumors of various grades of malignancy that usually only afflict us at older age. Anthropogenic damage to the stratospheric ozone layer and frighteningly high rates of melanoma skin cancer in the light-skinned descendants of British settlers in Australia piqued interest in the health impacts of UV radiation. A changing cultural perception of the beauty of tanned versus light skin and commercial interests in selling UV-emitting devices such as tanning booths caught public health experts off-guard. Counseling and health communication are extremely difficult when dealing with a “natural” risk factor, especially when this risk factor cannot (and should not) be completely avoided. How much is too much for whom or for which skin type? How even measure “much”? Is it the (cumulative) dose or the dose rate that matters most? Or should we even construct a more complex metric such as the cumulative dose above a certain dose rate threshold? We find there are still many open questions, and we are glad that this special issue offered us the opportunity to present many interesting aspects of this important topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanns Moshammer
- Department for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Stana Simic
- Institute for Meteorology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 1180, Austria.
| | - Daniela Haluza
- Department for Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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