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Hwang S, Choi JW. Association between excessive alcohol consumption and hypertension control in hypertensive patients. Chronic Illn 2023; 19:625-634. [PMID: 35593078 DOI: 10.1177/17423953221102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purposes of this study were to investigate the association between excessive alcohol consumption and control of hypertension and the associations stratified by sex, age, and duration of hypertension among Korean adults who were diagnosed with hypertension under medication. METHODS This study was cross-sectional design with a secondary data analysis using national data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey (KNHANES) collected from 2013 to 2018, including 4278 participants who were diagnosed with hypertension under medication. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the associations between excessive alcohol consumption and hypertension control while controlling for potential confounding variables. RESULTS The hypertensive patients who consumed excessive alcohol were more associated with uncontrolled hypertension (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.04-1.65) than those who do not consumed excessive alcohol. Specially, Excessive consumption of alcohol in men and young adults (<65 years) and short duration of hypertension (<5 years) were significantly more associated with uncontrolled hypertension compared to their counterparts. DISCUSSION To improve blood pressure (BP) control in hypertensive patients, healthcare plan should be focused to modifiable risk factors and the intervention for unhealthy alcohol consumption should be part of comprehensive treatment for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinwoo Hwang
- Korea Armed Forces Nursing Academy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Choi
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kortsmit K, Boone KI, Warner L, Horan J, Bower JK, Gallo MF. Prepregnancy and Gestational Diabetes and Cessation of Breastfeeding <1 Week Postpartum, United States, 2016-2018. Public Health Rep 2023; 138:475-482. [PMID: 35674289 PMCID: PMC10240902 DOI: 10.1177/00333549221099082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes may delay milk letdown, and perceiving milk production as insufficient can lead to breastfeeding cessation. We evaluated whether prepregnancy or gestational diabetes is associated with cessation of breastfeeding by 1 week postpartum. METHODS We analyzed 2016-2018 data from 42 sites in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a population-based survey of women with a recent live birth. Participants were surveyed 2-6 months after childbirth. We used logistic regression models to evaluate the relationship between prepregnancy or gestational diabetes only and breastfeeding <1 week postpartum among women who had initiated breastfeeding. RESULTS Among 82 050 women who initiated breastfeeding, 4.5% reported breastfeeding <1 week postpartum. Overall, 11.7% of women reported any history of diabetes in the 3 months before becoming pregnant; 3.3% reported prepregnancy diabetes, and 8.4% reported gestational diabetes only. In both unadjusted and adjusted models, the prevalence of breastfeeding <1 week postpartum did not differ significantly among women with prepregnancy diabetes or gestational diabetes only compared with women without any history of diabetes. The prevalence of breastfeeding <1 week postpartum was 4.4% among women without any history of diabetes, 5.6% among women with prepregnancy diabetes (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.91-1.46), and 4.5% among women with gestational diabetes only (aPR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.84-1.20). CONCLUSIONS We found no association between a history of diabetes prepregnancy or gestational diabetes only and breastfeeding <1 week postpartum in a large, population-based survey of postpartum women who initiated breastfeeding. Regardless of their diabetes status, women who want to breastfeed might benefit from interventions that support their ability to continue breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Kortsmit
- Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kirsten I. Boone
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lee Warner
- Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica Horan
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Julie K. Bower
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maria F. Gallo
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Kaddar R, Tarik C, Atmani M, Enakhil I, Fakhri N, Khalis M, Lotfy A, El Kadmiri N. Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on Moroccan patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:142. [PMID: 35601474 PMCID: PMC9109193 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implementation of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown has affected the daily practices of subjects with chronic diseases such as diabetes and caused negative impact on their lifestyle and habits such as physical activity, dietary habits and accessibility to medications. Diabetic people are considered the most vulnerable groups to COVID-19, and the lockdown measure has disturbed the diabetes self-management. In our study, we aimed to assess, for the first time at the regional level (Souss Massa Region), the COVID-19 lockdown impact on HbA1c levels in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We carried out a cross-sectional quantitative analysis at the health center of the industrial district in Agadir City. RESULTS We found a significant improvement in post-lockdown mean ± SD HbA1c in 150 subjects suffering from T1D and T2D; p = 0.005). Our analysis revealed a significant association of HbA1c deviation with educational level and medical coverage (p = 0.01). No significant association was detected between HbA1c deviation and age, gender, weight, height, current BMI status, fasting blood sugar, family history, urban or rural areas, marital status, professional activity, socioeconomic income, type of diabetes, dietary, comorbidities, diabetic complications, housing, adherence to the dietary recommendations, physical activity, medical appointments, stopping medication, self-monitoring, fasting and anxiety about getting COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 lockdown had no deleterious effect on HbA1c levels in Moroccan patients with T1D and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochdi Kaddar
- International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
- Regional Direction of Health and Social Protection, Souss Massa Region, Agadir City, Morocco
| | - Chayma Tarik
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Agadir, Agadir City, Morocco
| | - Maryam Atmani
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Agadir, Agadir City, Morocco
| | - Ikrame Enakhil
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Agadir, Agadir City, Morocco
| | - Nada Fakhri
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Agadir, Agadir City, Morocco
- Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, IBN ZOHR University, B.P. 271, 83 000 Taroudannt City, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Khalis
- International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Lotfy
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Agadir, Agadir City, Morocco
| | - Nadia El Kadmiri
- Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, IBN ZOHR University, B.P. 271, 83 000 Taroudannt City, Morocco
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Hyun MK, Park JH, Kim KH, Ahn SK, Ji SM. Incidence and Risk Factors for Progression to Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010123. [PMID: 35010384 PMCID: PMC8750431 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
(1) Objective: This study examined the incidence and risk factors contributing to the progression to diabetes mellitus (DM) in a seven-year follow-up study of non-diabetic National Health Examinees. (2) Methods: For this retrospective observational cohort study, we used two national representative databases: the National Health Screening (HEALS) database 2009 and the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database 2009-2015. The eligible subjects without DM with blood sugar levels of <126 mg/dL were selected using the HEALS database. The subsequent follow-up and clinical outcomes were evaluated using the NHIS database. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to examine the effects of the covariates on progression to diabetes. (3) Results: Among those who took part in the national health screening in 2009, 4,205,006 subjects who met the eligibility criteria were selected. Of these, 587,015 were diagnosed with DM during the follow-up by 2015. The incidence of progression from non-diabetes to DM was 14.0%, whereas that from impaired fasting glucose (IFG) to DM was 21.9%. Compared to the normal group, the newly diagnosed DM group was more likely to comprise older, female, currently smoking, and high-risk drinking participants and participants with IFG, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. (4) Conclusions: This epidemiological study in the Republic of Korea found risk factors similar to those of other studies, but the incidence of progression to DM was 22.8 per 1000 person-years, which is higher than that previously reported. Hence, more care is needed to prevent DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Hyun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
| | | | - Kyoung Hoon Kim
- Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Wonju 26465, Korea;
| | - Soon-Ki Ahn
- Public Health and Medical Services Office, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Seon Mi Ji
- National Health Insurance Service, Wonju 26464, Korea;
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5
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Huang G, Cai J, Li W, Zhong Y, Liao W, Wu P. Causal relationship between educational attainment and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a Mendelian randomization study. BMC Rheumatol 2021; 5:47. [PMID: 34670623 PMCID: PMC8529827 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-021-00216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Educational attainment is moderately heritable and inversely associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. However, the causality from educational attainment on rheumatoid arthritis remained unknown. Here, we aimed to determine whether educational attainment is causally associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by using Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods Summary statistics data for RA were obtained from an available, published meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that included 14,361 RA cases and 43,923 controls of European ancestry. The instrumental variables for educational attainment were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis that included over 1 million individuals (N = 1,131,881) of European ancestry. MR analyses were mainly performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses were further performed to test the robustness of the association using the weighted median method, MR-Egger, Cochran Q test, “leave-one-out” analysis and MR-PRESSO test. Results A total of 387 SNPs were employed as instrumental variables in our MR analysis. Genetically predicted higher educational attainment was associated with a significantly lower risk of RA using the IVW method (odds ratio [OR] = 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34–0.52; p = 1.78 × 10− 14). The weighted median method and MR Egger regression analysis yielded consistent results. The effect estimate remained robust after the outlier variants and SNPs (associated with the confounding factors) were excluded. “Leave-one-out” analysis confirmed the stability of our results. Additionally, the results suggested the absence of the horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusions The MR analysis supported a potential inverse causative relationship between educational attainment and the risk of RA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41927-021-00216-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiwu Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Cai
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenchang Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Zhong
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Liao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peihui Wu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Porhcisaliyan VD, Wang Y, Tan NC, Jafar TH. Socioeconomic status and ethnic variation associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with uncontrolled hypertension in Singapore. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:e002064. [PMID: 34301679 PMCID: PMC8728350 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-002064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related vascular complications is particularly high in Asians and ethnic minorities living in the West. However, the association of T2DM with socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity has not been widely studied in populations living in Asia. Therefore, we investigated these associations among the multiethnic population with uncontrolled hypertension in Singapore. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study using baseline data of a 2-year randomized trial in Singapore, we obtained demographic, SES, lifestyle and clinical factors from 915 patients aged ≥40 years with uncontrolled hypertension. T2DM was defined as having either: (i) self-reported 'physician-diagnosed diabetes confirmed through medical records' or taking antidiabetes medications, (ii) fasting blood glucose levels ≥7.0 mmol/dL or (iii) hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%. The SES proxies included education, employment status, housing ownership and housing type, and the ethnicities were Chinese, Malays and Indians. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association of T2DM with SES and ethnicity. RESULTS Higher proportion of T2DM was observed in Malays (40.0%) and Indians (56.0%) than Chinese (26.8%) (p<0.001), and in patients with lower SES (ranging from 25.7% to 66.2% using different proxies) than those with higher SES (19.4% to 32.0%). In a multivariate model comprising age, gender, ethnicity and SES, Malay ethnicity (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.44, p=0.031) or Indian ethnicity (OR 3.65; 95% CI 2.25 to 5.91, p<0.001) versus Chinese and housing type (residing in one to three rooms (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.16 to 3.43, p=0.012) or four to five rooms public housing (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.04, p=0.013) vs private housing) were associated with higher T2DM odds. The associations of Indians and one to three rooms public housing with T2DM met the significance after accounting for multiple testing (p≤0.0125). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that housing type and ethnic variation are independently associated with higher T2DM risk in patients with uncontrolled hypertension in Singapore. Further studies are needed to validate our results. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02972619.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeli Wang
- Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Ngiap Chuan Tan
- SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore
- SingHealth-Duke NUS Family Academic Clinical Program, Singapore
| | - Tazeen H Jafar
- Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Nieto Iglesias J, Abellán-Huerta J, García López JC, Tárraga López PJ, Divisón-Garrote JA. Update on smoking. Alternatives for the management of patients with cardiovascular risk. HIPERTENSION Y RIESGO VASCULAR 2021; 38:178-185. [PMID: 33926853 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is clearly involved as a cardiovascular risk factor. Smoking has different effects on the cardiovascular system, such as a decrease in nitric oxide, increased inflammatory response, increased adhesion of pro-atherogenic molecules, lipid disturbances, generation of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction as can be shown in different biomarkers modifications. Despite the aids currently available for smoking cessation, many smokers are unwilling or unable to achieve this. So alternative tools with potential harm reduction, such as non-combustion tobacco products, could be an option due to the better results they had shown on cardiovascular risk factors. This has led these devices to be taken into account as a risk-modifying tobacco product according to the FDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nieto Iglesias
- Unidad de Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - J Abellán-Huerta
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J C García López
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - P J Tárraga López
- Centro de Salud Zona 5, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - J A Divisón-Garrote
- Centro de Salud de Casas Ibáñez (Albacete), Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Spain
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Meo SA, Abukhalaf AA, Alomar AA, Sami W, Meo AS. Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Cricket Players: Multi-Cricket Clubs Cross Sectional Study. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37:959-965. [PMID: 34290766 PMCID: PMC8281153 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.4.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Sports activities are highly beneficial for improving the human health and reducing the risk of diseases. This cross sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of prediabetes and Type-2 diabetes mellitus in cricket players compared to population based non-elite athlete control subjects. Methods: The present matched cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period October 2019 to February 2020. Initially, 700 volunteer males, (300) cricket players and (400) population based non-elite athlete control subjects were interviewed. After socio-demographic and medical history, (200) nonsmoker cricket players and (300) nonsmoker control subjects were recruited. The age of cricket players was 34 (32-37) years, weight 81 (76-84) kg, height 1.79 (1.74-1.84) meters, and body mass index (BMI) was 25.09 (23.66-26.76) kg/m2. The cricket players have been playing cricket for 4 (3-4) hours per day; 3.50 (3-4) days per week; for the total period of 24 (12-36) months. American Diabetes Association (ADA) based criteria on Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) was used to investigate the prediabetes and Type-2 diabetes mellitus. Results: In cricket players, the prevalence of prediabetes was 23 (11.5%) and Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 7 (3.5%) compared to population based matched non-elite athlete control subjects the prediabetes was 73 (24.34%) and T2DM was 63 (21.1%) (p=0.001). Among cricket players, there was a 6-folds decrease in T2DM compared to control subjects. Conclusions: The cricket sports activities decrease the prevalence of prediabetes and Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among the cricket players compared to population based matched non-elite athlete control subjects. The study findings demonstrate the urgent need for promoting sports activities, more cricket grounds as a physiological preventive strategy against the global growing diabetes epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Sultan Ayoub Meo, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah Adnan Abukhalaf
- Abdulelah Adnan Abukhalaf, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alomar
- Ali Abdullah Alomar, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Sami
- Waqas Sami, Department of Public Health, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anusha Sultan Meo
- Anusha Sultan Meo, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Meo SA, Abukhalaf AA, Alomar AA, Alessa OM, Sumaya OY, Meo AS. Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Football Players: A Novel Multi Football Clubs Cross Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041763. [PMID: 33670289 PMCID: PMC7918251 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sports offer great benefits, improving health and reducing the risk of illnesses. This study’s aim was to investigate the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in football players compared to population based non-elite athlete control subjects. Initially 1100 male volunteers, (550) football players, and (550) population based non-elite athlete control subjects were interviewed. After socio-demographic and medical history analysis, 756 (378) nonsmoker male football players and (378) nonsmoker male control subjects were recruited. The control subjects were not involved in regular sports activities such as football, volleyball, badminton, cricket, hockey, and swimming. Participants with a known history of anemia, blood diseases, diabetes mellitus, and malignancy were excluded from the study. The mean age of football players was 31.80 ± 5.46 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) was 26.40 ± 2.08 (kg/m2), and the mean age of control subjects was 32.32 ± 4.37 years, and BMI was 26.66 ± 1.87 (kg/m2). The selected football players have been playing football for about 2 h a day, 3 days per week, and so the total mean duration of playing football was 1.08 years. American Diabetes Association (ADA) based criteria on Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) was used to investigate prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In football players the prevalence of prediabetes was 30 (7.93%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was 6 (1.59%) compared to population based matched non-elite athlete control subjects where the prediabetes was 71 (18.78%) and T2DM was 89 (23.54%) (p = 0.001). Among football players there was a 7-fold decrease in T2DM compared to control subjects. Football recreational activities markedly reduce the prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM. The study findings demonstrate the benefits of football and other such sport activities and emphasize the urgent need for promoting football based physical activities as a physiological preventive strategy against the globally growing diabetes epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (O.M.A.); (O.Y.S.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Abdulelah Adnan Abukhalaf
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (O.M.A.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Ali Abdullah Alomar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (O.M.A.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Omar Mohammed Alessa
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (O.M.A.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Omar Yassin Sumaya
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.A.A.); (O.M.A.); (O.Y.S.)
| | - Anusha Sultan Meo
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi 051, Pakistan;
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Ji XW, Feng GS, Li HL, Fang J, Wang J, Shen QM, Han LH, Liu DK, Xiang YB. Gender differences of relationship between serum lipid indices and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional survey in Chinese elderly adults. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:115. [PMID: 33569417 PMCID: PMC7867915 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the gender differences of the relationships between clinical serum lipid indices and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese elderly adults. Methods Between 2014 and 2016, participants selected from three communities in an urban district of Shanghai were measured for serum lipid indices of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG). Age and multivariate adjusted logistic regression models were utilized to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of serum lipid indices on T2DM prevalence. Results In total, 4,023 male and 3,862 female participants were included in this study, with the T2DM prevalence proportions of 13.03% and 11.73%, respectively. In association analysis, the serum levels of LDL-c, HDL-c, TC were significant between non-T2DM individuals and T2DM patients in men, but the HDL-c and TG in women. LDL-c/HDL-c, TG/HDL-c, and TC/HDL-c ratios were associated with the T2DM prevalence only in women. In the multivariate analysis, a higher serum LDL-c level was positively associated with a reduced risk of T2DM prevalence in men with OR (95% CI) of 0.57 (0.39–0.85) (P=0.006). Higher ratios of LDL-c/HDL-c, TG/HDL-c, and TC/HDL-c were all more likely associated with the decreased risks of T2DM prevalence with the ORs ranging from 0.45 to 0.62 in men (all P<0.05), but not in women. Conclusions High LDL-c concentration was significantly associated with a lower T2DM prevalence in men. A gender difference of the associations between the lipid ratios and T2DM prevalence was observed for LDL-c/HDL-c and TC/HDL-c ratios, which might be validated in female T2DM prevalence in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Ji
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Shan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kim BJ, Kim JH, Kang JG, Kim BS, Kang JH. Association between secondhand smoke exposure and diabetes mellitus in 131 724 Korean never smokers using self-reported questionnaires and cotinine levels: Gender differences. J Diabetes 2021; 13:43-53. [PMID: 32613744 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to compare the gender-different associations between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and diabetes in self-reported never smokers verified by cotinine. METHODS Self-reported never smokers verified by cotinine levels (<50 ng/mL) enrolled in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study between April 2011 and December 2016 were included for this study. SHS exposure was defined as current exposure to passive smoke indoors at home or workplace. The gender-specific association between SHS exposure and diabetes was assessed using multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS Of the total 131 724 individuals (mean age 35 years, SD 7.1 years), 66.8% were female, and the prevalence of SHS exposure in the entire population was 22.9%. The prevalence of diabetes in the group exposed to SHS was higher than that in the group unexposed to SHS only in females (1.8% vs 1.2%, P < .001 for females; 2.2% vs 2.2%, P = .956 for males). A significant gender interaction existed for the relationships between SHS exposure and diabetes (P for interaction <.001). The multivariate regression model showed that SHS exposure was significantly associated with diabetes only in females (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.40 [1.20, 1.65] for females; 1.00 [0.85, 1.19] for males). In particular, females with SHS exposure ≥1 hour/day, ≥3 times/week, and ≥10 years showed an increased risk of diabetes by more than 50% compared to those without SHS exposure. CONCLUSIONS SHS exposure was significantly associated with diabetes in female never smokers with dose-dependent relationship. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the gender difference in the incidence of diabetes associated with SHS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Gyu Kang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kang SH, Joo JH, Jang SI, Park EC. Association of exposure to secondhand smoke at home with early age at menarche in South Korea. Public Health 2020; 185:144-149. [PMID: 32622222 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The secular trend in age at menarche (AAM) has declined both worldwide and in Korea. Early AAM is associated with the risk of several diseases, reproductive capacity, and psychological problems. We aimed to investigate the relationship between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home and early puberty onset using AAM in Korean adolescents. STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS This study used data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2014-2015. We used the mean AAM (12.2 years) as a determinant of early AAM. After the exclusion of girls without menarche or who did not respond, the total population comprised 63,618 participants. We categorized AAM as 'early' and 'average or late.' Adolescents with SHS exposure were assigned to the 'never exposed,' 'light exposure,' and 'heavy exposure' groups. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS We observed a positive association, approximately 1.12 times, between early AAM and high SHS exposure (odds ratio [OR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.19). Girls who started smoking before the age of 12 years (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.41-1.99) showed a stronger association with early AAM than non-smokers. Active smoking showed a stronger association with early AAM. Never smokers with high SHS exposure at home were 1.13 times likelier to have an early AAM (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05-1.22) than those without SHS exposure. CONCLUSIONS In addition to active smoking, SHS may also be a risk factor for early AAM. Education aimed at active and secondhand smoking prevention is needed to protect children against early AAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Joo
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S I Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E C Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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The Nexus between Workplace Exposure for Wood, Welding, Motor Mechanic, and Oil Refinery Workers and the Prevalence of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113992. [PMID: 32512868 PMCID: PMC7312831 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Workplace exposure in various occupational and industrial sectors is an emerging health concern worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the nexus between workplace exposure for wood, welding, motor mechanic, and oil refinery workers and the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Initially, 2500 male volunteers who were wood, welding, motor mechanic, and oil refinery workers were interviewed. After an examination of their demographics and medical history, 1408 non-smoking wood (158), welding (560), motor mechanic (272), and oil refinery workers (217), along with 201 control subjects, were selected. The participants' mean age was 36.59 ± 0.29 years and the mean body mass index was 26.14 ± 0.11 kg/m2. The selected industry workers had been exposed to their respective wood, welding, motor mechanic, and oil refinery workplaces for 8 h per day, six days per week. The American Diabetic Association (ADA)-based glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) criterion was used to diagnose prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects with an HbA1c of less than 5.7% were regarded as non-diabetics, subjects with an HbA1c of 5.7%-6.4% were considered prediabetics, and subjects with an HbA1c of more than 6.4% were considered diabetics. In wood industry workers, the prevalence of prediabetes (PD) was 64 (40.50%) and in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it was 21 (13.29%); in welding workers, the prevalence of prediabetes was 261 (46.60%), and for T2DM, it was 90 (16.07%); in motor mechanic workers, the prevalence of prediabetes was 110 (40.44%), and for T2DM, it was 126 (46.32%); and in oil refinery workers, the prevalence of prediabetes was 80 (36.86%), and for T2DM, it was 35 (16.12%). However; the combined prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM among wood, welding, motor mechanic, and oil refinery workers was 421 (34.79%) and 515 (42.66%), respectively. The prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM among workers increased with the duration of working exposure in the wood, welding, motor mechanic, and oil refinery industries. A one-year working exposure in these industries caused an increase of 0.03% in HbA1c. Workplace exposure in wood, welding, motor mechanic, and oil refinery industries increased the risk of prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM among the workers and affected the diabetes etiology.
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Kim JH, Seo DC, Kim BJ, Kang JG, Lee SJ, Lee SH, Kim BS, Kang JH. Association between Cigarette Smoking and New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in 78,212 Koreans Using Self-Reported Questionnaire and Urine Cotinine. Diabetes Metab J 2020; 44:426-435. [PMID: 31701695 PMCID: PMC7332330 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No study has assessed association between cigarette smoking and new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) incidence using two different smoking classification systems: self-reported questionnaire and urine cotinine. The objective of this longitudinal study was to evaluate NODM risk using the above two systems in Korean adults. METHODS Among individuals enrolled in Kangbuk Samsung Health Study and Cohort Study who visited between 2011 and 2012 at baseline and 2014 at follow-up, 78,212 participants without baseline diabetes mellitus were followed up for a median of 27 months. Assessment of NODM incidence was made at the end of follow-up period. Cotinine-verified current smoking was having urinary cotinine ≥50 ng/mL. RESULTS Percentages of self-reported and cotinine-verified current smokers were 25.9% and 23.5%, respectively. Overall incidence of NODM was 1.5%. According to multivariate regression analyses, baseline self-reported current smoking (relative risk [RR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.65) and cotinine-verified current smoking (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.49) increased NODM risk compared to baseline self-reported never smoking and cotinine-verified current non-smoking. Higher daily amount and longer duration of smoking were also associated with increased NODM risk (P for trends <0.05). In particular, self-reported current smokers who smoked ≥20 cigarettes/day (RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.15) and ≥10 years (RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.67) had the highest RRs for NODM. These results remained significant in males, although there was no gender interaction. CONCLUSION This longitudinal study showed that baseline self-reported and cotinine-verified current smoking were associated with increased risks of NODM, especially in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Chul Seo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jeong Gyu Kang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wu J, Pan G, Huang YT, Liu DK, Zeng HX, Zhou XJ, Lai XY, Liu JP. Effects of passive smoking and its duration on the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese women. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9440-9446. [PMID: 32453705 PMCID: PMC7288907 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that active smoking is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effects of passive smoking on T2DM remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of passive smoking and its duration on the prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM. According to passive smoking status, participants were divided into Group A (passive smokers) and Group B (controls). Furthermore, Group A was divided into three subgroups according to the duration of passive smoking: Group A1 (≤10 years), Group A2 (10–20 years), and Group A3 (>20 years). We found that the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in Group A (26.6%), Group A2 (28%), and Group A3 (37.8%) was significantly higher than that in Group B (19.6%), and the prevalence gradually increased with an increase in the duration of passive smoking. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that passive smoking for >10 years was a risk factor for impaired fasting glucose (IFG), IGT, and T2DM. Therefore, passive smoking not only increases the prevalence of IGT in a time-dependent manner, but also a risk factor for IFG, IGT, and T2DM when its duration is over 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gui Pan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Jingdezhen, Jingdezhen 100191, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan-Ting Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Deng-Ke Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hai-Xia Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhou
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
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Jung J, Choi J, Myong JP, Kim HR, Kang MY. Is Educational Level Linked to Unable to Work Due to Ill-health? Saf Health Work 2020; 11:159-164. [PMID: 32596010 PMCID: PMC7303485 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to examine the association between educational level and unable to work due to ill-health (UWdIH) among 30- to 79-year-old South Koreans. Methods A cross-sectional nationwide survey of the 2010–2016 Korea National Health and Nutritional Evaluation Survey was used for analyses. A total of 29,930 participants aged ≥30 and < 80 years, who do not have any disability in their daily life because of health problems, were included. Educational level and reason for nonworking are self-reported with multiple choices. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine an association between education level and UWdIH by setting those who graduated college as their final education (n = 6,997) as a baseline while controlling for potential confounding factors. Results In the age-stratified result, the ratio of UWdIH was increased as age increases in 3 educational groups (p < .0001). There was a tendency that low-level educated [International Standard Classification of Education (0-2)] participants showed higher ratio of UWdIH than high-level educated [International Standard Classification of Education (5≤)] participants in both sexes (odds ratio: 2.54, 95% confidence interval: 2.12-3.05). Conclusion There is a clear link between educational level and UWdIH; the less the educated, the more likely to be UWdIH. Policy priority should be given to plans that can help this vulnerable social group to work and enjoy healthy lives. The main finding of this study was a clear educational gradient in unable to work due to ill-health throughout all age groups. A gender difference was also observed, as female participants showed a smaller gap between the educational level groups. A policy priority should be given to plans that can reduce educational inequalities in unable to work due to ill-health. Therefore, it is important to consider national policies and programmes that can help vulnerable social groups to work and enjoy healthy lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoun Jung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Choi
- Department of Economics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Pyo Myong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ryoul Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mo-Yeol Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Meo SA, Muneif YAB, BenOmran NA, AlSadhan MA, Hashem RF, Alobaisi AS. Prevalence of Pre Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among cement industry workers. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:32-36. [PMID: 32063927 PMCID: PMC6994864 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.2.1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Occupational and environmental pollution have become an imperative jeopardy for developing devastating metabolic diseases. Limited animal model studies have examined the impact of exposure to cement dust on metabolic conditions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pre-diabetes and Type-2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) among non-smoking cement mill workers. METHODS This epidemiological cross sectional study was conducted in the "Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia" during the period Oct 2016 to June 2017. Initially 310 cement mill workers were interviewed; after the interview and clinical history taking, 186 non-smoking cement mill employees were finally recruited. The cement mill employees were exposed to cement dust-related pollution in a cement industry for eight hours a day for six days a week. The mean age was 36.56 ± 0.78 years, mean BMI was 25.70 ± 0.29 m/kg2, and mean period of employment in the cement industry was 82.77 ± 6.95 months. HbA1c was measured using the Dimension Xpand Plus Integrated Chemistry System (USA). RESULTS The cement mill employees were divided into three groups: non-diabetics group, with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <5.7%; pre-diabetics group, with HbA1c 5.7-6.4%; and diabetics group, with HbA1c >6.4%. Among the cement mill personnel, 79 (42.47%) were non-diabetics, 28 (15.05%) were pre-diabetics, and 79 (42.47%) were diabetics. The prevalence of pre-diabetes and T2DM among cement mill employees was considerably associated with the period of employment in the cement industry (p=0.032). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to cement dust was associated with an increased prevalence of pre- diabetes and T2DM among cement industry employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Dr. Sultan Ayoub Meo, MBBS, PhD. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Abdullah Bin Muneif
- Dr. Yasser Abdullah Bin Muneif, MBBS. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Abdullah BenOmran
- Dr. Nasser Abdullah BenOmran, MBBS. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abdullah AlSadhan
- Dr. Mohammad Abdullah AlSadhan, MBBS. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Fuad Hashem
- Dr. Raed Fuad Hashem, MBBS, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saud Alobaisi
- Dr. Abdullah Saud Alobaisi, MBBS. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Pei D, Yang T, Zhang C. Estimation of Diabetes in a High-Risk Adult Chinese Population Using J48 Decision Tree Model. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4621-4630. [PMID: 33273837 PMCID: PMC7705272 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s279329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To predict and make an early diagnosis of diabetes is a critical approach in a population with high risk of diabetes, one of the devastating diseases globally. Traditional and conventional blood tests are recommended for screening the suspected patients; however, applying these tests could have health side effects and expensive cost. The goal of this study was to establish a simple and reliable predictive model based on the risk factors associated with diabetes using a decision tree algorithm. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was used in this study. A total of 10,436 participants who had a health check-up from January 2017 to July 2017 were recruited. With appropriate data mining approaches, 3454 participants remained in the final dataset for further analysis. Seventy percent of these participants (2420 cases) were then randomly allocated to either the training dataset for the construction of the decision tree or the testing dataset (30%, 1034 cases) for evaluation of the performance of the decision tree. For this purpose, the cost-sensitive J48 algorithm was used to develop the decision tree model. RESULTS Utilizing all the key features of the dataset consisting of 14 input variables and two output variables, the constructed decision tree model identified several key factors that are closely linked to the development of diabetes and are also modifiable. Furthermore, our model achieved an accuracy of classification of 90.3% with a precision of 89.7% and a recall of 90.3%. CONCLUSION By applying simple and cost-effective classification rules, our decision tree model estimates the development of diabetes in a high-risk adult Chinese population with strong potential for implementation of diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Pei
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Dongmei Pei Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang110004, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Tengfei Yang
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengpu Zhang
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Jeong H, Baek SY, Kim SW, Park EJ, Lee J, Kim H, Jeon CH. C reactive protein level as a marker for dyslipidaemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e029861. [PMID: 31473619 PMCID: PMC6720331 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasma C reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation, and increased plasma CRP is reported in many diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, arthritis and malignancies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between plasma CRP levels and cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, malignancies and other comorbidities. DESIGN A retrospective, cross-sectional survey study. SETTING Large population survey in Korea. METHODS A total of 5887 (weighted n=40 251 868) participants aged 19 years or older from the 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included for analysis. Weighted prevalence and OR of comorbidities were analysed according to the continuous variable of log plasma high-sensitivity CRP levels. RESULTS The mean age was 46.7±0.37 years and the median plasma CRP was 0.58 mg/L (IQR 0.36-1.09). The mean plasma CRP levels were higher in participants with cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and several cancers, including gastric, colon, breast and cervix, than in the general population. In the multivariable analysis, plasma CRP concentration was associated with increased prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia (OR 1.157, 95% CI 1.040 to 1.287, p=0.007), diabetes (OR 1.204, 95% CI 1.058 to 1.371, p=0.005) and metabolic syndrome (OR 1.228, 95% CI 1.112 to 1.357, p<0.001) after adjustment for socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics. There was no significant association between plasma CRP level and cancers. CONCLUSION Plasma CRP was associated with an increased risk of dyslipidaemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Jeong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Baek
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seon Woo Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaejoon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan Hong Jeon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, South Korea
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Roderick P, Turner V, Readshaw A, Dogar O, Siddiqi K. The global prevalence of tobacco use in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 154:52-65. [PMID: 31202865 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A multi-layered association between tobacco use and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well established. However, global epidemiological patterns of tobacco use among T2DM patients are not well documented; this review thus aims to estimate the overall global burden of tobacco use in T2DM. METHODS A systematic review of studies published from Jan 1, 1990 to October 5, 2017 was undertaken, comprising: a comprehensive literature search on multiple electronic databases; quality assessment of studies; data extraction for the primary (prevalence of tobacco use in T2DM patients) and secondary outcomes (patterns of tobacco use in T2DM patients); and a meta-analysis. The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. A protocol for this review is available on PROSPERO (CRD42016038793). FINDINGS 74 studies were included in the review, reporting data from 3.2 million participants across 33 countries. Global mean prevalence of tobacco use in T2DM was 20·81% (95% CI 18·93-22·76), and was higher in the WHO East Asia and Pacific and South Asia regions, compared to the Americas, Middle East and North Africa, Europe and Central Asia. In studies which compared prevalence of tobacco use in patients to non-patients, patients with T2DM were 26% less likely to use tobacco (pooled OR = 0·74 (CI 0·61-0·88). INTERPRETATION Tobacco is used by one in five T2DM patients globally, but usage is less likely in patients than in non-patients. Global patterns of use demonstrated by this review have implications for both prevention and The understanding of diabetes burden, and the success of tobacco cessation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Readshaw
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Omara Dogar
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Kamran Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom
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Cuschieri S, Grech S. Closing the gap - Is type 2 diabetes awareness enough to prevent the growing epidemic? Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1739-1744. [PMID: 31235087 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a public health burden requiring a multi-sectorial approach including adequate population awareness to tackle this epidemic. The study was aimed to determine the level of diabetes awareness among a high-risk dysglycaemic population in relation to socio-demographic, lifestyle and family history of diabetes as well as to body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure measurements. Furthermore, the authors strived to explore any relationships between diabetes awareness and an oral glucose tolerance test dysglycaemia diagnosis. METHOD Participants obtaining impaired fasting blood glucose in a representative health examination survey were invited to undergo an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). During the OGTT session, participants were invited to take part in a diabetes awareness questionnaire as well as have their weight, height and blood pressure measured. Association between awareness scores and different parameters (age, gender, education, residential district, smoking, alcohol habit, family history, BMI and blood pressure) were explored. RESULTS Being a female, ageing, non-smoker and having a family history of diabetes had a positive association with adequate diabetes awareness. Even though generally good awareness was present, the majority of the participants were obese, with an elevated blood pressure and obtained a dysglycaemic status post OGTT. CONCLUSION Diabetes awareness solely does not appear to engage individuals in preventive initiatives. Behavioural changes are required but these are only established after the motivational action gap has been overcome. Empowering community diabetes mellitus screening programs targeting the environment, social gradients and cultural norms while engaging in preventive interventions are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cuschieri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
| | - Stephan Grech
- Royal National Orthopeadics Hospital, Stanmore, London, UK.
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Meo SA, AlMutairi FJ, Alasbali MM, Alqahtani TB, AlMutairi SS, Albuhayjan RA, Al Rouq F, Ahmed N. Men's Health in Industries: Plastic Plant Pollution and Prevalence of Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:2167-2172. [PMID: 30222030 PMCID: PMC6199426 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318800203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic production is prominently increasing and its pollution is an emerging environmental global health concern. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among nonsmoking plastic industry workers. Three hundred and forty volunteers male plastic industry workers were interviewed after medical history and examination; finally, 278 nonsmoking plastic industry workers were selected. The mean age for the participants was 38.03 ± 10.86 years and body mass index was 25.52 ± 3.15 (kg/m)2. The plastic industry workers had been exposed to plastic plant pollution for 8 hr daily, 6 days in a week. Subjects with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) less than 5.7% were considered non-diabetics; HbA1c 5.7%–6.4% were pre-diabetics; and subjects with HbA1c greater than 6.4% were considered diabetics. In plastic industry workers, the prevalence of pre-diabetes was 176 (63.30%) and T2DM was 66 (23.74%); however, 36 (12.95%) plastic plant workers were normal. The prevalence of pre-diabetes and T2DM among plastic industry workers was significantly increased with duration of working exposure in plastic industry (p = .0001). Exposure to plastic plant pollution is associated with the prevalence of pre-diabetes and T2DM among plastic industry workers. The prevalence was associated with the duration of working exposure in plastic industry. The occupational and environmental health executives must take priority steps to minimize the plastic plant pollution from plastic industries to reduce the occurrence of pre-diabetes and T2DM among the plastic industrial workers and save the men’s health in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Ayoub Meo
- 1 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Jamal AlMutairi
- 1 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Turki Badr Alqahtani
- 1 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Saeed AlMutairi
- 1 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fawziah Al Rouq
- 1 Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- 2 Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Urinary Cotinine Concentration and Self-Reported Smoking Status in 1075 Subjects Living in Central Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040804. [PMID: 29671826 PMCID: PMC5923846 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Urinary cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, is a marker of tobacco smoke exposure. A cutoff value for cotinine concentration can be set to distinguish smokers from non-smokers, independently from self-declared status. Method: Cotinine was determined by isotopic dilution High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) between 2013 and 2014 on urine samples of a population of 1075 subjects. Results: 296 subjects have a cotinine level higher than 100 μg/g of creatinine (cutoff), with a median cotinine concentration of 1504.70 μg/g of creatinine. The mean is 27.5% of smokers and 60.5% in this group are females. The median value for non-smokers is 5.6 μg/g of creatinine. Two hundred and seventy-five subjects declared to be smokers in the questionnaire, but 6 (2.2%) present urinary cotinine levels lower than cutoff; 800 subjects declared to be non-smokers, but 26 of them presented urinary cotinine levels that were higher than the cutoff (3.3%). Conclusion: Using the cutoff of 100 μg/g, the misclassification of smokers resulted to be 2.2%, indicating that the selected value is suitable for studying the human exposures to environmental and occupational pollutants, including those produced by smoking.
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Xu H, Wang Q, Sun Q, Qin Y, Han A, Cao Y, Yang Q, Yang P, Lu J, Liu Q, Xiang Q. In type 2 diabetes induced by cigarette smoking, activation of p38 MAPK is involved in pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:9817-9827. [PMID: 29372523 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease caused by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Exposure to smoke is a risk factor for diabetes; however, its mechanisms are unclear. In an epidemiological study, we determined the relationship between cigarette smoking and β-cell function. T2D patients had a history of heavier smoking than people without T2D, and heavy smokers had more abnormal glucose metabolism. For various smoking populations, there was a dose-effect relationship between decreases of homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-β levels or the increases of HOMA-insulin resistance (IR) levels and amount of smoking (pack-years), which indicated that smoking induced β-cell dysfunction. For MIN6 cells, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) decreased insulin secretion and content; enhanced apoptosis, as illustrated by decreases of BCL-2 levels, increases of BAX and cleaved caspase-3 levels, and an increased apoptotic index; and activated the p38 MAPK pathway. For MIN6 cells, inhibition of p-p38 MAPK by SB203580 prevented enhanced apoptosis and the dysfunction of insulin secretion induced by CSE. In sum, activation of p38 MAPK is involved in the apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells induced by cigarette smoking, which is a possible mechanism for induction of T2D by cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Sun
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qin
- Institute of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aohan Han
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cao
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianlei Yang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- School of Public Health, Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- School of Public Health, Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Quanyong Xiang
- Institute of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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