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Chen Z, Liao X, Yang J, Tian Y, Peng K, Liu X, Li Y. Association of screen-based activities and risk of self-harm and suicidal behaviors among young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychiatry Res 2024; 338:115991. [PMID: 38833936 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that screen-based activities are associated with self-harm and suicidal behaviors. This study aimed to examine these associations among young people through a meta-analysis. We systematically searched EBSCO pshyARTICLES, MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science from their inception to April 1, 2022, and updated on May 1, 2024. Longitudinal studies reporting the association between various screen-based activities and subsequent self-harm and suicidal behaviors in young people aged 10 to 24 were included. Nineteen longitudinal studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 13 studies comprising 43,489 young people were included in the meta-analysis, revealing that total screen use is significantly associated with the risks of self-harm and suicidal behaviors. Cyberbullying victimization was also related to these adverse outcomes. Subgroup analyses indicated that social media use and problematic screen use are significant risk factors for self-harm and suicidal behaviors. Study quality was appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and potential publication bias was deemed unlikely to affect the results significantly. These findings suggest that screen-based activities should be considered in the management and intervention strategies for self-harm and suicidal behaviors in young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Chen
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoli Liao
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yusheng Tian
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kexin Peng
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaopei Liu
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Girela-Serrano BM, Spiers ADV, Ruotong L, Gangadia S, Toledano MB, Di Simplicio M. Impact of mobile phones and wireless devices use on children and adolescents' mental health: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1621-1651. [PMID: 35705765 PMCID: PMC9200624 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing use of mobiles phones (MP) and other wireless devices (WD) has raised concerns about their possible effects on children and adolescents' wellbeing. Understanding whether these technologies affect children and adolescents' mental health in positive or detrimental ways has become more urgent following further increase in use since the COVID-19 outbreak. To review the empirical evidence on associations between use of MP/WD and mental health in children and adolescents. A systematic review of literature was carried out on Medline, Embase and PsycINFO for studies published prior to July 15th 2019, PROSPERO ID: CRD42019146750. 25 observational studies published between January 1st 2011 and 2019 were reviewed (ten were cohort studies, 15 were cross-sectional). Overall estimated participant mean age and proportion female were 14.6 years and 47%, respectively. Substantial between-study heterogeneity in design and measurement of MP/WD usage and mental health outcomes limited our ability to infer general conclusions. Observed effects differed depending on time and type of MP/WD usage. We found suggestive but limited evidence that greater use of MP/WD may be associated with poorer mental health in children and adolescents. Risk of bias was rated as 'high' for 16 studies, 'moderate' for five studies and 'low' for four studies. More high-quality longitudinal studies and mechanistic research are needed to clarify the role of sleep and of type of MP/WD use (e.g. social media) on mental health trajectories in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Girela-Serrano
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Westminster Children and Adolescents Mental Health Services, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, W9 2NW, UK.
| | - Alexander D V Spiers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Liu Ruotong
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Shivani Gangadia
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mireille B Toledano
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Martina Di Simplicio
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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Liu Y, Shen Q, Duan L, Xu L, Xiao Y, Zhang T. The relationship between childhood psychological abuse and depression in college students: a moderated mediation model. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:410. [PMID: 38816793 PMCID: PMC11141024 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood psychological abuse (CPA) are highly correlated with depression among college students, but the underlying mechanisms between variables need further exploration. This study aims to investigate internet addiction as a mediating factor and alexithymia as a moderating factor, in order to further elucidate the potential risk factors between CPA and depression among college students. METHODS A self-report survey was conducted among 1196 college students from four universities in three provinces in China. The survey included measures of CPA, internet addiction, alexithymia, and depression. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed on these variables, and a moderated mediation model was constructed. RESULTS CPA was positively correlated with depression among college students, as well as internet addiction with alexithymia. Internet addiction partially mediated the relationship between CPA and depression among college students, while alexithymia strengthened the relationships among the paths in the moderated mediation model. CONCLUSION This study provides further insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying the relationship between CPA and depression among college students. Internet addiction serves as a mediating factor in this relationship, while alexithymia may enhance the strength of the relationships among the three variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Qingxin Shen
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Liangfan Duan
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
- Institute of Physical Education, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongxiang Xiao
- School of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
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Li N, Fu L, Yang H, Zhao W, Wang X, Yan Y, Fu Y. The relationship between mobile phone dependence and academic burnout in Chinese college students: a moderated mediator model. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1382264. [PMID: 38827446 PMCID: PMC11140007 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1382264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the level of mobile phone dependence among college students and their experience of academic burnout. Additionally, the study sought to explore the potential mediating effect of study engagement and the moderating role of love. Methods During October and December 2023, a cross-sectional study measuring mobile phone dependence, academic burnout, and study engagement among Chinese college students, using the UtrechtWork Engagement Scale-student (UWES-S), College Student Mobile Phone Dependence Questionnaire (CSMPDQ), and Academic Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). To examine the hypothesis of mediating and moderating effect, SPSS PROCESS was utilized. Results The predictive effect of mobile phone dependence on academic burnout was significant (β = 0.410, t = 14.236, p < 0.001), and the predictive effect of mobile phone dependence on academic burnout remained significant when the mediating variable study engagement was introduced (β = 0.308, t = 10.288, p < 0.001), mobile phone dependence had a significant predictive effect on study engagement (β = -0.292, t = -11.639, p < 0.001), and study engagement had a significant positive predictive effect on academic burnout (β = -0.270, t = -9.028, p < 0.001). Love significantly negatively predicted study engagement (β = -0.564, t = -9.641, p < 0.001); and the interaction term for mobile phone dependence and love was significant (β = -0.211, t = -3.688, p < 0.001), indicating a significant moderating effect of love between mobile phone dependence and study engagement. Conclusion Mobile phones among college students has been found to have a direct correlation with academic burnout. It can also indirectly contribute to academic burnout by diminishing levels of academic engagement. This indirect relationship is further influenced by love. These findings can help researchers and educators better understand the underlying mechanisms between smartphone dependence and learning burnout in undergraduates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yingchun Yan
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yangyang Fu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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Ukkirapandian K, Vp S, Pawar AS, Udaykumar KP, Rangasmy M. Ulnar Nerve Entrapment Among Cell Phone Users: Cell Phone Elbow (Cubital Tunnel Syndrome). Cureus 2024; 16:e55500. [PMID: 38571821 PMCID: PMC10990069 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cell phone usage has tremendously increased, and to make usage comfortable, accessories such as Bluetooth earphones are available. But still, most people use cell phones for a long period of time by flexing their elbows near their ears. When the users flex the elbow to hold the phone near the ear, this results in increased pressure over the ulnar nerve since the ulnar nerve runs superficially at the level of the elbow. The extensive pressure over the ulnar nerve may result in nerve compression, which results in cubital tunnel syndrome, recently called the cell phone elbow. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the ulnar nerve function among cell phone users in relation to the duration of usage. Materials and methods Young healthy volunteers (n = 30) aged between 20 and 25 years were selected for the study in order to prevent age-related neuropathic changes. After getting a history of mobile phone usage, the subjects were asked about neural symptoms such as tingling, numbness, and pain while using cell phones. Ulnar nerve function was assessed by Froment's sign and Wartenberg's sign. An ulnar nerve conduction study was done. Results Seventy percent of the subjects (n = 21) out of the 30 subjects participating in the study reported tingling and numbness during mobile phone usage. But Froment's sign and Wartenberg's sign were negative for all the subjects. There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.913 and r = 0.8253) between the duration of mobile phone use and latency and a negative correlation (r = -0.8439) with conduction velocity. Conclusion The malposition of the elbow during prolonged cell phone use results in ulnar nerve entrapment. The continuous usage of cell phones without rest by flexing the elbow causes nerve compression. This can be taken as a warning sign to prevent further damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Ukkirapandian
- Physiology, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER) University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sundaravadivel Vp
- Physiology, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER) University, Kanchipuram, IND
| | - Archana S Pawar
- Physiology, Sri Venkateswaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Muthulakshmi Rangasmy
- Physiology, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER) University, Chennai, IND
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Nahidi M, Ahmadi M, Fayyazi Bordbar MR, Morovatdar N, Khadem-Rezayian M, Abdolalizadeh A. The relationship between mobile phone addiction and depression, anxiety, and sleep quality in medical students. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 39:70-81. [PMID: 37781789 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the prevalence of mobile phone addiction among medical students and its relationship with depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. The study was conducted at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from 2019 to 2021, and it included medical students at four different levels of training. Participants were selected using a stratified random sampling method. All subjects completed the Mobile Phone Addiction Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory through online electronic self-report questionnaires. Overall, 355 medical students were included in the study, with 203 (57.2%) being female. Mild and severe mobile phone addiction was reported by 83.7 and 2.5% of the students, respectively. Furthermore, the study's findings revealed significantly higher sleep quality disorder, depression, and anxiety scores among students with severe mobile phone addiction compared to other participants ( P < 0.001, P = 0.007, and P < 0.001, respectively). Although mobile phone addiction was prevalent, severe addiction was rare among medical students. Nevertheless, severe addiction was associated with an increased prevalence of mental health problems and sleep disturbances, emphasizing the importance of interventions aimed at reducing mobile phone addiction and improving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nahidi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | - Negar Morovatdar
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
| | - Majid Khadem-Rezayian
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adeleh Abdolalizadeh
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
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Andersen TO, Sejling C, Jensen AK, Dissing AS, Severinsen ER, Drews HJ, Sørensen TIA, Varga TV, Rod NH. Self-reported and tracked nighttime smartphone use and their association with overweight and cardiometabolic risk markers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4861. [PMID: 38418905 PMCID: PMC10902390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Nighttime smartphone use is associated with sleep problems, which in turn have a bidirectional association with overweight. We aim to investigate whether nighttime smartphone use and sleep are related to overweight and metabolic dysfunction in adult populations. We used data from three population samples (aged 16-89) from the SmartSleep Study, which included survey data (N = 29,838), high-resolution tracking data (N = 3446), follow-up data (N = 1768), and cardiometabolic risk markers (N = 242). Frequent self-reported nighttime smartphone use was associated with 51% higher odds (95% CI: 1.32; 1.70) of overweight compared with no use. Tracked nighttime smartphone use was also associated with overweight. Similar results were found for obesity as an outcome. No consistent associations were found between nighttime smartphone use and cardiometabolic risk markers in a small subsample of healthy young women. Poor sleep quality (vs. good sleep quality) was associated with overweight (OR = 1.19, 85% CI: 1.10; 1.28). Overall, frequent nighttime smartphone use was consistently associated with overweight and a higher BMI across diverse population samples. The bidirectional interplay between nighttime smartphone use, sleep, and overweight may create a vicious circle of metabolic dysfunction over time. Therefore, nighttime smartphone use may be a potential target point for public health interventions to reduce overweight at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Otte Andersen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christoffer Sejling
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kryger Jensen
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Agnete Skovlund Dissing
- Real World Evidence & Epidemiology, Department of Value Evidence and Patient Insights, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elin Rosenbek Severinsen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Johannes Drews
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Naja Hulvej Rod
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Useche SA, Alonso F, Faus M, Cervantes Trejo A, Castaneda I, Oviedo-Trespalacios O. "It's okay because I'm just driving": an exploration of self-reported mobile phone use among Mexican drivers. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16899. [PMID: 38410804 PMCID: PMC10896083 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Technological advancements have the potential to enhance people's quality of life, but their misuse can have a detrimental impact on safety. A notable example is the escalating issue of distracted driving resulting from the use of mobile phones behind the wheel, leading to severe crashes and injuries. Despite these concerns, both drivers' usage patterns and their risk-related associations remain scarcely documented in Mexico. Therefore, this descriptive study aimed to examine the mobile phone usage of Mexican drivers, its relationships to risk awareness and near-miss/crash involvement, and the self-reported underlying reasons for this behavior. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized a sample of 1,353 licensed Mexican drivers who took part in a nationwide series of interviews regarding their onboard phone use settings. Results A significant percentage of drivers (96.8%) recognize using a mobile phone while driving as high-risk behavior. However, only 7.4% reported completely avoiding its use while driving, with 22.4% identified as high-frequency users. Frequency was also found positively associated with the self-reported rate of near-misses and crashes. Furthermore, qualitative data analysis highlights the emergence of a 'sense of urgency' to attend to phone-related tasks in response to daily demands and life dynamics, offering a potential explanation for this behavior. Conclusion The results of this study suggest common patterns of onboard mobile use among Mexican drivers concerning driving situations and associated risks. This underscores the need for increased efforts to discourage onboard phone use in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A. Useche
- Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety (INTRAS), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Alonso
- Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety (INTRAS), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mireia Faus
- Research Institute on Traffic and Road Safety (INTRAS), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Isaac Castaneda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Anahuac University, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | - Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios
- Faculty of Technology, Policy, and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Liu J, Ji X, Rovit E, Pitt S, Lipman T. Childhood sleep: assessments, risk factors, and potential mechanisms. World J Pediatr 2024; 20:105-121. [PMID: 36441394 PMCID: PMC9702880 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep problem is a highly prevalent health issue among pediatric populations across the world. In this review, we aimed to identify risk factors contributing to sleep deficiency and poor sleep hygiene in children. Potential biological, psychosocial, and environmental mechanisms as well as research gaps in the literature are also discussed. DATA SOURCES A comprehensive search for relevant English language full-text, peer-reviewed publications was performed focusing on pediatric sleep studies from prenatal to childhood and adolescence in a variety of indexes in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Psych Info. Both relevant data based and systematic reviews are included. RESULTS This paper summarizes many risk factors for childhood sleep problems, including biological (e.g., genetics, gender, age and puberty, prenatal factors, postnatal factors); nutritional (e.g., macronutrients, micronutrients, omega-3 fatty acids, obesity); environmental (e.g., heavy metals, noise, light, air pollution); interpersonal (e.g., family, exposure to violence, screen media use, physical injury); and community/socioeconomic variables (e.g., racial/ethnicity and cultural factors, neighborhood conditions and socioeconomic status, school factors, public health disasters/emergencies), to better understand the development of sleep problems in children. CONCLUSIONS Poor childhood sleep is a multifactorial issue affected by a wide range of prenatal and early-life biological, environmental, and psychosocial risk factors and contributors. A better understanding of these risk factors and their mechanisms is an important first step to develop future research and prevention programs focusing on pediatric sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd., Room 426, Claire M. Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Xiaopeng Ji
- School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rovit
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd., Room 426, Claire M. Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Susannah Pitt
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, 18510, USA
| | - Terri Lipman
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd., Room 426, Claire M. Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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10
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Bansal S, Garg N, Singh J, Van Der Walt F. Cyberbullying and mental health: past, present and future. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1279234. [PMID: 38288359 PMCID: PMC10823540 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1279234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cyberbullying has attracted the world's attention, and therefore researchers across the world have contributed to the literature on cyberbullying and mental health. Amongst others, they have conducted bibliometric analyses and associated cyberbullying with various factors but have not determined the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health. Hence, the aim of this study was to conduct bibliometric analyses of cyberbullying and mental health to analyze the academic performance of the literature on impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health; and to propose future research avenues to make further contributions to this field of study. Methodology Spreadsheets and VOSviewer were used to conduct the bibliometric analysis. The data were extracted from the SCOPUS database which provided an extensive collection of data and journals. Findings Having explored the top active countries publishing on the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health and the academic performance of such research articles by means of a qualitative bibliometric analysis, the results revealed that this research topic is still to be researched extensively. The study also suggests countries/regions where this research topic can be explored further, as well as possible journals for publication of research results, and further studies to be conducted. Discussion The literature presents a fragmented view on the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health. Studies on cyberbullying are limited for the reasons as discussed in this article. Hence, bibliometric analysis was conducted to analyze the performance of academic literature on the impact of cyberbullying on people's mental health; the academic performance of research articles on cyberbullying and mental health; and to make proposals toward a future research agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhans Bansal
- University School of Management and Entrepreneurship (USME), Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India
| | - Naval Garg
- University School of Management and Entrepreneurship (USME), Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jagvinder Singh
- Department of Operational Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Freda Van Der Walt
- Faculty of Management Sciences, Department of Business Management, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Kang KW, Kim J, Kim KT, Kim MK, Cho YW. Association Between Electronic Device Use at Bedtime and COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Adverse Events During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korean Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e413. [PMID: 38111283 PMCID: PMC10727916 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to heightened mood disturbances linked to increased electronic device use at bedtime (EUB). General anxiety may contribute to an increased likelihood of experiencing nocebo responses, which have been reported to be associated with COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse events (CAEs). However, no related studies have been conducted to examine this association to date. METHODS We executed a nationwide cross-sectional study to explore these correlations during the pandemic. Using data from the 2022 National Sleep Survey of South Korea, we analyzed the sleep health of 4,000 adults aged 20-69 years between January and February 2022. Shift workers and those with severe sleep disorders were excluded. Participants with EUB more than four days a week were labeled as high frequency EUB, and those reporting CAEs after both vaccine doses were marked as having a presence of CAEs. The survey also included details about anthropometric data, socioeconomic status, and sleep status. RESULTS Of the 3,702 participants, 92.6% had received two or more vaccine doses, with 41.2% experiencing CAEs. Furthermore, 73.7% had a high EUB frequency. Factors associated with CAE reporting included younger age, female sex, and high EUB frequency, while heavy alcohol use was found to be less likely to be associated with CAE reporting. Notably, a high EUB frequency was significantly associated with reported CAEs (odds ratio, 1.223; 95% confidence interval, 1.028-1.455; P = 0.023). CONCLUSION A nationwide online survey conducted in South Korea during the pandemic found that individuals who engaged in the relatively frequent use of electronic devices during bedtime had worse sleep quality and increased COVID-19-related adverse events compared with those using these devices less frequently. These findings have the potential to enhance our understanding of the impact of the use of electronic devices at bedtime on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Wook Kang
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Keun Tae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Myeong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yong Won Cho
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
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12
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Andersen TO, Sejling C, Jensen AK, Drews HJ, Ritz B, Varga TV, Rod NH. Nighttime smartphone use, sleep quality, and mental health: investigating a complex relationship. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad256. [PMID: 37758231 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This study investigated the complex relationship between nighttime smartphone use, sleep, and mental health among adult populations in Denmark. METHODS Data from three interconnected samples (aged 16-89 years) from the SmartSleep Study included 5798 individuals with survey and register data; 4239 individuals also provided high-resolution smartphone tracking data. Logistic regression models and causal discovery algorithms, which suggest possible causal pathways consistent with the underlying data structure, were used to infer the relationship between self-reported and tracked nighttime smartphone use, self-reported sleep quality, mental health indicators, and register-based psychotropic medication use. RESULTS Frequent self-reported nighttime smartphone use was associated with high perceived stress (OR: 2.24, 95% CI = 1.42 to 3.55) and severe depressive symptoms (OR: 2.96, 95% CI = 2.04 to 4.28). We found no clear associations between tracked nighttime smartphone use and mental health outcomes, except for the cluster that used their smartphones repeatedly during the sleep period, which was associated with severe depressive symptoms (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.24 to 2.31). Poor sleep quality (vs. good sleep quality) was associated with high perceived stress (OR = 5.07, 95% CI = 3.72 to 6.90), severe depressive symptoms (OR = 9.67, 95% CI = 7.09 to 13.19), and psychotropic medication use (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.36 to 3.35). The causal discovery models suggest that nighttime smartphone use affects mental health through both problematic smartphone use and poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION The complex relationship between nighttime smartphone use, sleep, and poor mental health may create a vicious circle over time, and nighttime smartphone use may constitute a potential leverage point for public health interventions aimed at improving sleep and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Otte Andersen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Sejling
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kryger Jensen
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Johannes Drews
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, LA, USA
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Naja Hulvej Rod
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Forte C, O'Sullivan D, McDowell CP, Hallgren M, Woods CB, Herring MP. Associations between screen-time, physical activity and depressive symptoms differ based on gender and screen-time mode. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:2313-2322. [PMID: 36097092 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02080-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Higher levels of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) are associated with positive and negative mental health outcomes among adolescents, respectively. Research is needed to determine the interrelationship between ST and PA with depressive symptoms and the influence of ST modes. This study examines the associations between ST and PA level with depressive symptoms among 1756 adolescents (15.2 ± 1.6y; 995 female) in Ireland. Participants completed the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and self-reported weekly ST (TV, computer, and phone use) and PA level (low, moderate, and high). Linear regressions examined associations between ST mode, PA level and relevant covariates with depressive symptoms in the full sample by gender, and in a sample stratified by PA level. Chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA examined gender differences in hours of ST, PA levels, and depressive symptoms. Differential associations were observed depending on the gender and ST mode. Higher levels of computer (β = 0.106, p ≤ 0.000) and phone use (β = 0.138, p ≤ 0.000) showed the strongest associations with depressive symptoms. PA level was inversely associated with depressive symptoms (β = - 0.175, p ≤ 0.000). When the sample was stratified by PA level, only associations between phone use and depressive symptoms were moderated by PA level for males and females. These findings highlight the complex interrelationships between ST, PA, and depressive symptoms, and that associations may vary based on gender and ST mode. This may have implications for future interventions. Increasing PA and reducing ST should be targeted concurrently with consideration given to different media and genders. Future research should explore longitudinal and prospective associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Forte
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Darragh O'Sullivan
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Cillian P McDowell
- Health Information and Quality Authority, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Smithfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use, and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catherine B Woods
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Matthew P Herring
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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14
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Correa-Iriarte S, Hidalgo-Fuentes S, Martí-Vilar M. Relationship between Problematic Smartphone Use, Sleep Quality and Bedtime Procrastination: A Mediation Analysis. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:839. [PMID: 37887489 PMCID: PMC10604906 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to study the relationship between sleep quality, problematic smartphone use (PSU) and bedtime procrastination, as well as to assess gender and age differences. A total of 313 participants, aged 18-60 (M = 30 ± 10.1; 53.2% males), completed an online survey between February and May 2023 in Spain. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version and Bedtime Procrastination Scale were used to measure sleep quality, PSU and bedtime procrastination, respectively. Additionally, smartphone use habits were evaluated through self-report questions. Pearson correlations, independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni's post hoc tests and mediation analysis were conducted. Correlation analysis showed positive associations between the three main variables. Independent sample t-tests indicated females were more prone to PSU along with higher overall smartphone use. Post hoc analysis of one-way ANOVA exposed age differences between young adults (18-25 years old), adults (26-44 years old) and middle-aged adults (45-60 years old) in PSU and bedtime procrastination. Finally, mediation analysis revealed that PSU had indirect effects on sleep quality through bedtime procrastination, but no direct effects on sleep quality. Therefore, PSU, and especially bedtime procrastination, should be considered as targets in future campaigns or intervention programs to improve sleep quality among the young Spanish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Correa-Iriarte
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.C.-I.); (S.H.-F.)
| | - Sergio Hidalgo-Fuentes
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.C.-I.); (S.H.-F.)
- Departamento de Psicología y Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y la Educación, Universidad a Distancia de Madrid (UDIMA), 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martí-Vilar
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (S.C.-I.); (S.H.-F.)
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15
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Chen L. Smartphone dependency and mental health among Chinese rural adolescents: the mediating role of cognitive failure and parent-child relationship. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1194939. [PMID: 37868610 PMCID: PMC10585030 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1194939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the widespread use of smartphones in daily life, smartphone dependency has become a global problem, especially among adolescents. Existing research studies have supported the association between smartphone dependency and the mental health of Chinese rural adolescents, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Objective The present study used a survey to test whether smartphone dependency may be associated with mental health in Chinese rural adolescents. The mediating role of cognitive failure and parent-child relationship was also examined. Materials and methods In total, 941 adolescents (45.91% male; mean age = 14.05, SD = 1.04) in rural areas of mainland China were recruited to complete four scales, including the Mobile Phone Dependence Scale (MPDS), Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), Family Adaption and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES), and Mental Health of Middle School Students Scale. Results The results showed that both cognitive failure and parent-child relationship acted as mediators in the effect of smartphone dependency on mental health among Chinese rural adolescents, and smartphone dependency also affected parent-child relationship by influencing cognitive failure, thus affecting mental health among Chinese rural adolescents indirectly. Conclusion The present study suggests that improving parent-child relationships and reducing cognitive failure can reduce the impact of smartphone dependency on the mental health of Chinese rural adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Chen
- School of Psychology, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- Adolescent Psychological Development and Education Center of Hainan, Haikou, China
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16
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Rod NH, Andersen TO, Severinsen ER, Sejling C, Dissing A, Pham VT, Nygaard M, Schmidt LKH, Drews HJ, Varga T, Freiesleben NLC, Nielsen HS, Jensen AK. Cohort profile: The SmartSleep Study, Denmark, combining evidence from survey, clinical and tracking data. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e063588. [PMID: 37793923 PMCID: PMC10551986 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The SmartSleep Study is established to comprehensively assess the impact of night-time smartphone use on sleep patterns and health. An innovative combination of large-scale repeated survey information, high-resolution sensor-driven smartphone data, in-depth clinical examination and registry linkage allows for detailed investigations into multisystem physiological dysregulation and long-term health consequences associated with night-time smartphone use and sleep impairment. PARTICIPANTS The SmartSleep Study consists of three interconnected data samples, which combined include 30 673 individuals with information on smartphone use, sleep and health. Subsamples of the study population also include high-resolution tracking data (n=5927) collected via a customised app and deep clinical phenotypical data (n=245). A total of 7208 participants are followed in nationwide health registries with full data coverage and long-term follow-up. FINDINGS TO DATE We highlight previous findings on the relation between smartphone use and sleep in the SmartSleep Study, and we evaluate the interventional potential of the citizen science approach used in one of the data samples. We also present new results from an analysis in which we use 803 000 data points from the high-resolution tracking data to identify clusters of temporal trajectories of night-time smartphone use that characterise distinct use patterns. Based on these objective tracking data, we characterise four clusters of night-time smartphone use. FUTURE PLANS The unprecedented size and coverage of the SmartSleep Study allow for a comprehensive documentation of smartphone activity during the entire sleep span. The study has been expanded by linkage to nationwide registers, which allow for further investigations into the long-term health and social consequences of night-time smartphone use. We also plan new rounds of data collection in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naja Hulvej Rod
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thea Otte Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elin Rosenbek Severinsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Agnete Dissing
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vi Thanh Pham
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Nygaard
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Tibor Varga
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nina La Cour Freiesleben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
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17
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Lai X, Hu C, Ying L, Xu H, Zhao C, Yang X, Yu X, Zhang G. Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Smartphone Addiction and Phubbing Behavior Among College Students in China. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:2172-2190. [PMID: 35412349 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221084905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Both smartphone addiction and phubbing are emerging behavioral problems. The present study investigates potential risk and protective factors of smartphone addiction and phubbing behavior, including demographic factors, personal factors, and interpersonal factors among Chinese college students. A total of 866 college students (Mage = 21.01, SD = 1.60) completed self-reported questionnaires in classroom settings. Collected data were analyzed by using Pearson's correlation and hierarchical linear regression analyses. The risk factors for smartphone addiction were phubbing behavior, depression, and social anxiety, while the protective factors were self-control and sense of security. In addition, the risk factors for phubbing behavior included female sex and smartphone addiction, while the protective factors included sense of security and interpersonal adaptability. Our findings help to enhance understanding of the general and specific risks and protective factors for smartphone addiction and phubbing behavior, which can benefit intervention development for related behavior prevention and reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lai
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Chenyan Hu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Liang Ying
- Renji College, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Chengjia Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, China
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, China
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18
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Dibben GO, Martin A, Shore CB, Johnstone A, McMellon C, Palmer V, Pugmire J, Riddell J, Skivington K, Wells V, McDaid L, Simpson SA. Adolescents' interactive electronic device use, sleep and mental health: a systematic review of prospective studies. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13899. [PMID: 37029099 PMCID: PMC10909457 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Optimal sleep, both in terms of duration and quality, is important for adolescent health. However, young people's sleeping habits have worsened over recent years. Access to and use of interactive electronic devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, portable gaming devices) and social media have become deep-rooted elements of adolescents' lives and are associated with poor sleep. Additionally, there is evidence of increases in poor mental health and well-being disorders in adolescents; further linked to poor sleep. This review aimed to summarise the longitudinal and experimental evidence of the impact of device use on adolescents' sleep and subsequent mental health. Nine electronic bibliographical databases were searched for this narrative systematic review in October 2022. Of 5779 identified unique records, 28 studies were selected for inclusion. A total of 26 studies examined the direct link between device use and sleep outcomes, and four reported the indirect link between device use and mental health, with sleep as a mediator. The methodological quality of the studies was generally poor. Results demonstrated that adverse implications of device use (i.e., overuse, problematic use, telepressure, and cyber-victimisation) impacted sleep quality and duration; however, relationships with other types of device use were unclear. A small but consistent body of evidence showed sleep mediates the relationship between device use and mental health and well-being in adolescents. Increasing our understanding of the complexities of device use, sleep, and mental health in adolescents are important contributions to the development of future interventions and guidelines to prevent or increase resilience to cyber-bullying and ensure adequate sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace O. Dibben
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Anne Martin
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Colin B. Shore
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Avril Johnstone
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Christina McMellon
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Victoria Palmer
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | | | - Julie Riddell
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Kathryn Skivington
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Valerie Wells
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Lisa McDaid
- Institute for Social Science ResearchThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sharon A. Simpson
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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19
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Yang LL, Guo C, Li GY, Gan KP, Luo JH. Mobile phone addiction and mental health: the roles of sleep quality and perceived social support. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1265400. [PMID: 37809316 PMCID: PMC10556235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1265400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As a global phenomenon, mobile phone addiction has become an increasingly common issue among Chinese university students. Although previous research explored the link between mobile phone addiction and mental health, the possible mechanism underlying the above association is unclear. We administered a cross-sectional survey to 585 participants from two universities in Kunming, southwest China, from October 2021 to January 2022. Our results suggested that mobile phone addiction was negatively associated with mental health, and sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between mobile phone addiction and mental health. Furthermore, perceived social support positively moderated the direct effect of sleep quality on mental health, as well as the indirect effect of mobile phone addiction on mental health. These findings provide a new insight into the underlying mechanism by which mobile phone addiction affects university students' mental health. The results emphasize a necessary task for administrators, health workers, and family members to attach importance to the overuse of mobile phones among university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Yang
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Guo
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Geng-Yin Li
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai-Peng Gan
- School of Law and Political Science, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-Huan Luo
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan, China
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20
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Wang Y, Dai X, Zhu J, Xu Z, Lou J, Chen K. What complex factors influence sleep quality in college students? PLS-SEM vs. fsQCA. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1185896. [PMID: 37691806 PMCID: PMC10485266 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1185896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleep quality has a significant impact on the health-related quality of life, particularly among college students. This study proposes a framework for identifying factors that influence college students' sleep quality, including stress, self-control, bedtime habits, and neighborhood environment. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional analytical approach on a convenience sample of 255 medical students from a private university in China during the 2021/2022 academic year, of which 80.39% (205) were women. Two complementary methodologies, partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), and fuzzy sets qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), were utilized in the study. Results The results of the PLS-SEM analysis suggest that Stress and Self-control act as mediating variables in the model, with Bedtime habits and Neighborhood environment influencing sleep quality through these variables. Additionally, the fsQCA analysis reveals that Bedtime habits and Neighborhood environment can combine with Stress and Self-control, respectively, to influence sleep quality. Discussion These findings provide insight into how multiple factors, such as Stress, Self-control, Bedtime habits, and Neighborhood environment, can impact college students' sleep quality, and can be used to develop intervention programs aimed at improving it. Moreover, the use of both methodologies enables the expansion of new methodological approaches that can be applied to different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Olivella-Cirici M, Garcia-Continente X, Bartroli Checa M, Serral Cano G, Pérez Albarracín G. [The problematic use of the mobile phone: cross-sectional analysis of the individual profile and associated factors.]. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2023; 97:e202305036. [PMID: 37132395 PMCID: PMC10560524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The problematic use of mobile phones is a phenomenon that can be associated with a specific individual profile and it has been seen that there are associated factors, although most of them have been studied in a limited way and in small samples. The aim of this study was to describe the association between the problematic use of the mobile phone and social traits, health, and health-related behaviors among high school students. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study performed in a representative sample of students aged 13-18 years in the Lifestyle Risk Factors in Secondary School Students (FRESC) survey conducted in 2016 in Barcelona (n=3,778). Problematic mobile phone use was obtained from the Mobile Related Experiences Questionnaire (CERM). Multivariate logistic regression models were built to assess the relationship between this variable and social, health and behavioural variables. RESULTS A total of 52% of girls and 44% of boys reported frequent or occasional problems with their mobile phone usage. The factors associated with the dependent variable were poor relationships with the family, mobile phone usage before sleeping or during dinner, inadequate hours of sleep, sedentariness, substance consumption and poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS The problematic use of the mobile is frequent among students and there are several associated social, health and behavioral factors. There are substantial differences by sex and age, with the strongest associations in younger girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Olivella-Cirici
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).BarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF).Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Xavier Garcia-Continente
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).BarcelonaSpain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.BarcelonaSpain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en red de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP).Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en red de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP).MadridSpain
| | - Montse Bartroli Checa
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).BarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF).Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.BarcelonaSpain
| | - Gemma Serral Cano
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).BarcelonaSpain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.BarcelonaSpain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en red de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP).Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en red de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP).MadridSpain
| | - Glòria Pérez Albarracín
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB).BarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF).Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Sant Pau.BarcelonaSpain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en red de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP).Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en red de epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP).MadridSpain
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22
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Ochoa-Brezmes J, Ruiz-Hernández A, Blanco-Ocampo D, García-Lara GM, Garach-Gómez A. Mobile phone use, sleep disorders and obesity in a social exclusion zone. An Pediatr (Barc) 2023; 98:344-352. [PMID: 37087382 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is little information on the impact of mobile phone overuse (MPO) in areas in need of social transformation (ANST). Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of MPO in an ANST and its association with sleep disorders, academic performance and obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Consecutive sampling of patients aged 10-17 years who visited a primary care centre in an ARST between October 2019 and March 2020. The study involved performance of a clinical interview with collection of anthropometric, sociodemographic, mobile phone use and sleep data. RESULTS The analysis included 214 participants. The prevalence of MPO during weekdays (more than 2 h a day) was 37.5% in children aged 10-12 years and 65.2% in 13- to 17-year-olds; in the weekend, the prevalence increased to 66.6% and 81.3%, respectively. In weekdays, MPO was associated with an increased prevalence of obesity, lower maternal educational attainment, greater difficulty waking up, daytime sleepiness and higher frequency of school failure. The adjusted risk was double for excess weight (odds ratio [OR] 1.90, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04-3.47), obesity (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.23-4.89) and sleep disorders or sleep duration of less than 7 h (OR 2.26; 95% CI 1.31-3.92). Weekend MPO was associated with sleep disorders or sleep duration of less than 7 h (OR 2.68; 95% CI 1.40-5.11). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of mobile phone overuse is high in areas of social exclusion and is associated with sleep disorders, school failure and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ochoa-Brezmes
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Materno-Infantil Virgen de las Nieves de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | | | | | | | - Ana Garach-Gómez
- Centro de Salud de Zaidín Sur, Distrito Sanitario Granada-Metropolitano, Granada, Spain
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Rong F, Wang M, Peng C, Cheng J, Ding H, Wang Y, Yu Y. Association between mobile phone addiction, chronotype and nonsuicidal self-injury among adolescents: A large-scale study in China. Addict Behav 2023; 144:107725. [PMID: 37087768 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious public health and clinical problem, particularly for adolescents, and may link to problematic smartphone use (PSU) and chronotype. This study examines the independent and interaction effects of PSU and chronotype on NSSI among adolescents and identified gender differences in these associations. METHODS A total of 21,357 students aged 11-19 were recruited using stratified cluster sampling across five representative provinces in China and completed standard questionnaires to record details of PSU, chronotype, and NSSI. RESULTS A total of 38.1 % of students reported having engaged in NSSI and 17.7 % had PSU. PSU and chronotype were significantly associated with NSSI among adolescents, and this relationship was stronger in females. Interaction analysis indicated that E-type and PSU were interactively associated with increased risks of NSSI. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that E-type and PSU can increase the risk of NSSI both independently and interactively. Therefore, they should be considered in intervention programs for NSSI, especially for females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajuan Rong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengni Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Peng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhan Cheng
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongli Ding
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yizhen Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Mobile Phone Addiction and Sleep Quality: The Mediating Role of Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13030250. [PMID: 36975275 PMCID: PMC10045665 DOI: 10.3390/bs13030250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Smartphones have become a fundamental tool in the daily life of mankind, but its excessive use seriously impairs people’s quality of sleep. A specific state of emotion has been shown to play a crucial role in the relationship between mobile phone addiction (MPA) and the sleep quality of college students. However, studies have rarely considered top-down emotion regulation. This study is the first to examine the effects of MPA on the sleep quality of Chinese college students from a top-down emotion regulation perspective. The survey sample comprised 1559 university students (40.73% male; M (SD) age = 19.11 (1.22) years) who completed questionnaires on MPA, sleep quality, anxiety and emotion regulation. The results revealed that (1) Anxiety mediated the relationship between MPA and sleep quality; (2) Cognitive reappraisal (CR) negatively moderated the relationship between MPA and anxiety; and (3) Expressive suppression (ES) positively moderated the relationship between MPA and anxiety. These findings reveal the mechanism of sleep problems in Chinese college students. We provide research ideas and method guidance for the follow-up intervention and treatment of college students’ sleep problems.
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Zheng H, Ma W, Li J, Botero J. Relationship between Internet Use and Negative Affect. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2023; 18:1-21. [PMID: 37359227 PMCID: PMC9974400 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-023-10158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
While positive emotions like happiness and life satisfaction have received great attention, how to eliminate negative affect is largely neglected. This study contributes to the literature by examining the relationship between Internet use and people's negative affect. Unlike previous studies that consider only one indicator, we capture negative affect from different dimensions by considering loneliness, sadness, and life hardship. We employ an endogenous ordered probit model to address the selection bias of Internet use and analyze the 20,107 individual-level samples sourced from the 2020 China Family Panel Studies survey. The results show that Internet use significantly reduces people's loneliness, sadness, and life hardship. We also find that studying online and watching short videos would increase people's loneliness feeling and shopping online deepens people's life hardship. In contrast, using WeChat significantly reduces sadness and life hardship. Our findings confirm that guiding people to use the Internet appropriately is necessary to reduce negative affect and improve the quality of their life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Zheng
- College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanglin Ma
- Department of Global Value Chains and Trade, Faculty of Agribusiness and Commerce, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Junpeng Li
- School of Economics and Management, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai‘an, China
| | - Julio Botero
- Faculty of Agribusiness and Commerce, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Precht LM, Mertens F, Brickau DS, Kramm RJ, Margraf J, Stirnberg J, Brailovskaia J. Engaging in physical activity instead of (over)using the smartphone: An experimental investigation of lifestyle interventions to prevent problematic smartphone use and to promote mental health. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36785655 PMCID: PMC9909154 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Aim Tendencies of problematic smartphone use (PSU) have risen during the past decade. As PSU is consistently linked to mental health issues, measures to prevent its appearance and to promote mental health are urgently required. Subject and Methods The present study investigated the impact of three interventions on health behavior, PSU, positive mental health (PMH), and depression and anxiety symptoms. Overall, 503 persons from Germany (M age = 29.19, SD age = 10.51, range: 18-79) participated in the study. Over 14 days, the three experimental groups (a) reduced their daily smartphone use time by 60 minutes, (b) increased their daily level of physical activity by 30 minutes, and (c) combined both measures. The control group continued its behavior as usual. Outcomes were assessed via online surveys at five measurement time points (baseline, intermediate, post-intervention, and 1 and 3 months after the intervention). Results All interventions resulted in a significant increase in weekly physical activity and in reduced symptoms of PSU, depression, and anxiety. Furthermore, the smartphone reduction and the combination of both measures contributed to a significant reduction of participants' daily smartphone use and higher levels of PMH. The effects of the reduction of smartphone use time and its combination with increased physical activity were more stable in the longer term than the increase in physical activity only. Conclusion Combined with an increase in physical activity, the reduction of smartphone use time could serve as an efficient and cost-effective measure for the prevention of PSU and the promotion of mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena-Marie Precht
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Franziska Mertens
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Debora S. Brickau
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Romy J. Kramm
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Stirnberg
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
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Bouazza S, Abbouyi S, El Kinany S, El Rhazi K, Zarrouq B. Association between Problematic Use of Smartphones and Mental Health in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2891. [PMID: 36833586 PMCID: PMC9956271 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Smartphones have become essential components of daily life, and research into the harmful effects of problematic smartphone use (PSU) on mental health is expanding in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This issue has yet to be synthesized and critically evaluated. To find quantitative observational studies on the relationship between PSU and mental health in the MENA region, we developed a search equation and adapted it for four databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed during the selection process. This review included 32 cross-sectional studies and one cohort study. The available language was English. All identified studies published until 8 October 2021, were considered. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The studies enrolled 21,487 people and had low-to-moderate methodological quality. The prevalence of PSU ranged from 4.3 to 97.8 percent. The time factor, type of application used on the smartphone, and sociodemographic characteristics were the determinants of PSU. Depression, anxiety, and stress were strongly correlated with PSU. Epidemiological longitudinal studies that respect the quality of evidence are needed in all MENA countries to better plan and implement preventive measures against PSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Bouazza
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
| | - Samira Abbouyi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
| | - Soukaina El Kinany
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Karima El Rhazi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
| | - Btissame Zarrouq
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
- Department of Biology and Geology, Teachers Training College (Ecole Normale Superieure), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30030, Morocco
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Han Y, Qin G, Han S, Ke Y, Meng S, Tong W, Guo Q, Li Y, Ye Y, Shi W. Effect of Mobile Phone Addiction on Physical Exercise in University Students: Moderating Effect of Peer Relationships. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2685. [PMID: 36768051 PMCID: PMC9915063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The influence of mobile phone addiction (MPA) on physical exercise in university students was explored, and peer relationships were introduced as a moderating variable. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and an online survey questionnaire was conducted to investigate two universities in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, and Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. A total of 4959 university students completed the questionnaire. Measurement tools included the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, the Physical Activity Rating Scale, and the Peer Rating Scale of university students. RESULTS University students scored 39.322 ± 15.139 for MPA and 44.022 ± 7.735 for peer relationships, with 87.8% of their physical exercise, in terms of exercise grade, being classified as medium or low intensity. The MPA of the university students was negatively correlated with peer relationships (r = -0.377, p < 0.001) and physical exercise behavior (r = -0.279, p < 0.001). The moderating effect of peer relationships on the MPA-physical exercise behavior relationship was significant (ΔR2 = 0.03, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The physical exercise of university students was at a medium or low intensity. The more serious the university students' addiction to mobile phones was, the lower the amount of physical exercise. The physical activity of males was higher than that of females. MPA and peer relationships were the limiting factors of the physical exercise behavior of university students. Under the lower effect of peer relationship regulation, MPA had a greater negative impact on physical exercise behavior. The data from this research can provide theoretical support to improve the participation of university students in physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Han
- Institute of Sports Science, Kyunggi University, Suwon 449701, Republic of Korea
| | - Guoyou Qin
- Physical Education Institute, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Shanshan Han
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Youzhi Ke
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuqiao Meng
- Physical Education College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Wenxia Tong
- Physical Education College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Physical Education College, Shangqiu University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Yaxing Li
- Physical Education College, Shangqiu University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Yupeng Ye
- School of Physical Education, Jing-Gang-Shan University, Ji’an 343009, China
| | - Wenya Shi
- Physical Education College, Guangxi Minzu Normal University, Chongzuo 532200, China
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Orjatsalo M, Toppila J, Heimola M, Tuisku K, Simola P, Ämmälä AJ, Räisänen P, Parkkola K, Paunio T, Alakuijala A. Snoring was related to self-reported daytime sleepiness and tiredness in young adults performing compulsory conscript service. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:243-251. [PMID: 36111359 PMCID: PMC9892747 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES In young adults performing compulsory military service, fatigue and somnolence are common and presumably associated with objective or self-reported sleep deprivation. We aimed to find out whether objective sleep parameters from ambulatory polysomnography could explain their self-reported tiredness and sleepiness and whether habits were associated with sleep parameters or tiredness. METHODS Seventy (67 male, age 18-24 years) participants had their sleep assessed with polysomnography. Their self-reported symptoms and demographic data were obtained from online survey including Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Beck's Depression Inventory, items from Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire, Internet Addiction Scale, and lifestyle questions. RESULTS Snoring (audio recording, percentage of total sleep time) was associated with self-reported sleepiness (P = .010) and tiredness (P = .030) and snoring seemed to, partially, explain sleepiness (P = .029). Twenty-six percent of the conscripts had self-reported sleep deprivation (mismatch between reported need for sleep and reported sleep). Self-reported sleep deprivation was significantly associated with somnolence (P = .016) and fatigue (P = .026). Smartphone usage, both average time (P = .022) and frequency of usage (P = .0093) before bedtime, was associated with shorter total sleep time. On average, objective sleep time was rather short (7 hours, 6 minutes), sleep efficiency high (94.9%), proportion of N3 sleep high (27.7%), and sleep latency brief (9 minutes)-suggesting that many of the conscripts might have chronic partial sleep deprivation. CONCLUSIONS Snoring might predispose to tiredness in presumably healthy young adults. Conscripts may have partial sleep deprivation. CITATION Orjatsalo M, Toppila J, Heimola M, et al. Snoring was related to self-reported daytime sleepiness and tiredness in young adults performing compulsory conscript service. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(2):243-251.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Orjatsalo
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Toppila
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Heimola
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katinka Tuisku
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helskinki, Finland
| | - Petteri Simola
- Finnish Defence Research Agency, Human Performance Division, Tuusula, Finland
| | - Antti-Jussi Ämmälä
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Military Medicine, The Finnish Defence Forces, Riihimäki, Finland
| | - Pekka Räisänen
- Centre for Military Medicine, The Finnish Defence Forces, Riihimäki, Finland
| | - Kai Parkkola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland, and National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helskinki, Finland
| | - Anniina Alakuijala
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Uso de móviles, problemas de sueño y obesidad en una zona de exclusión social. An Pediatr (Barc) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
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Digital media use and sleep in late adolescence and young adulthood: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 68:101742. [PMID: 36638702 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite much attention on digital media use and young peoples' sleep, the literature on digital media and its impact on sleep in older adolescents and young adults remains to be synthesized. We conducted a systematic review of studies including young people aged 16-25 years. We searched Medline, Web of Science, and CINAHL for observational studies, identifying 60 studies. These studies were assessed for methodological quality. Only studies rated as moderate or high-quality studies were included (n = 42). A narrative synthesis summarized the impact of digital media use on eight sleep outcomes: Bedtime; Sleep onset latency or problems falling asleep; Sleep duration; Early awakening; Sleep disturbance; Daytime tiredness and function; Sleep deficits; Sleep quality. In summary, digital media use was associated to shorter sleep duration and poorer sleep quality. These associations were found for general screen use and use of mobile phone, computer, internet, and social media, but not for television, game console, and tablet use. Most studies investigating bedtime or nighttime use found associations to poor sleep outcomes. Later bedtime and daytime tiredness were associated with mobile phone use at night. Additional research is warranted to draw solid conclusions about the causal direction and to understand the underlying mechanisms.
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Scarabottolo CC, Tebar WR, Araújo Guerra PH, Martins CMDL, Ferrari G, Beretta VS, Christofaro DGD. Association between Different Domains of Sedentary Behavior and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults: A Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16389. [PMID: 36554270 PMCID: PMC9778904 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extended periods of time on screen devices and sitting are the main activities that characterize sedentary behavior (SB), which negatively impacts the quality of life. This negative influence was demonstrated mainly by cross-sectional studies performed in high-income countries in which the effects of screen time on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is not considered. Thus, we analyzed the association between the different domains of SB (i.e., subdomains of screen time-television, computer, cellphone) and the HRQoL in adults that live in Brazil during two years of follow-up. The sample included 331 adults. Subdomains of screen time (i.e., watching television, using computers, and cellphones) and of HRQoL (i.e., physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, mental health, and current health perception) were assessed by a structured questionnaire and SF-36, respectively. Our results indicate a significant increase in screen time during the two years of follow-up. Linear regression models indicated that although domains of SB were differently associated with HRQoL, in general, screen time was negatively associated with social functioning and positively associated with physical functioning during locomotion and activities of daily living (ADL), role-physical (i.e., physical issues during work and ADLs), and role-emotional (i.e., emotional issues during work and ADLs) after the two-year follow-up. In conclusion, screen time may positively or negatively influence some domains of HRQoL in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Covolo Scarabottolo
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
| | - William Rodrigues Tebar
- Center of Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gerson Ferrari
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
| | - Victor Spiandor Beretta
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
- Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Physical Education Department, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil
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Associations between smartphone use and mental health and well-being among young Swiss men. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 156:602-610. [PMID: 36372003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intense use of smartphones is associated with mental health problems and low well-being. However, little is known about the mental health and well-being of non- and low-level users. This study investigated the possibly non-linear associations between time spent using a smartphone, including non-users, and mental health and well-being among young adults. METHODS Between 2016 and 2018, 5315 young Swiss men (M = 25.45 years old, SD = 1.25) completed a questionnaire assessing smartphone use, daily time spent using a smartphone, mental health and well-being (i.e. depression, social anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, life satisfaction, stress) and potential confounding variables (social capital, personality, education). The associations of smartphone use and time spent using a smartphone (linear and quadratic associations) with mental health and well-being were tested using regression models. RESULTS Non-users (4.3%) reported worse mental health and well-being than smartphone users on all outcomes. Time spent using a smartphone was linearly associated with higher rates of social anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and lower levels of life satisfaction. The association with stress was non-linear, with significant linear and quadratic coefficients of time spent using a smartphone. Associations were partially attributable to confounding variables (i.e. social capital, personality, and education). CONCLUSIONS Non-users and intense users of smartphones have lower levels of mental health and well-being than low-level users. Although society and mental health professionals are deeply concerned about the potentially negative consequences of the ever-increasing use of smartphones, the present study suggested that not using a smartphone may also indicate problems.
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Kalaitzaki A, Laconi S, Tsouvelas G. Problematic Internet, Smartphone, and SMS Use among Adults: Shared and Unique Predictors. J Res Health Sci 2022; 22:e00562. [PMID: 37571933 PMCID: PMC10422158 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2022.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a surge of interest has recently emerged in investigating the simultaneous problematic use of various technology-based tools, the findings are still inconclusive. The present web-based survey aimed at examining whether (a) personality traits, coping strategies, and sociodemographics are associated with problematic internet, smartphone, and SMS use among Greek users and (b) personality traits mediate the relationship between maladaptive coping strategies and problematic use of the three media. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS A convenience and snowball sample of 1016 participants (84.4% female, mean age of 30.3 years) completed the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire-9 (PIUQ-9), the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale (MPPUS), the Self-Perception of Text Message Dependency Scale (STDS), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4+(PDQ-4+), and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief COPE). RESULTS Shared predictors between problematic use of the three technology-based tools were younger age and low educational level, the coping strategy of substance use, and the narcissistic, avoidant, and dependent personality disorders. Predictors of problematic internet and smartphone use were coping strategies of emotional support, self-distraction, and behavioral disengagement. According to structural equation models (SEM) models, cluster C personality disorders fully mediate the relationship between maladaptive coping strategies and problematic use of technology-based tools. CONCLUSION Addressing factors that predispose (i.e., personality traits), precipitate, or maintain problematic use (i.e., coping strategies) can lead to effective and cost-saving preventive (i.e., screening of vulnerable groups) and therapeutic efforts (i.e., teaching adaptive coping strategies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyroula Kalaitzaki
- Social Work Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Hellenic Mediterranean University; Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Enhancement of Quality of Life (Quality of Life Lab); Affiliated Researcher of the University Research Centre ‘Institute of AgriFood and Life Sciences’, Greece
| | - Stéphanie Laconi
- Laboratoire CERPPS (Centre d’Études et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé) - EA 7411 - Université Toulouse 2 Jean Jaurès, UFR de Psychologie, Bureau M153, 5 Allée Antonio Machado, 31058 TOULOUSE Cedex, 9. France
| | - George Tsouvelas
- Department of Nursing, University of West Attica; Affiliated researcher of the Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Approaches for the Enhancement of Quality of Life, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Greece
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He J, Yang X, Du M, Zhao C, Wang X, Zhang G, Peng H. Prospective Association between Smartphone Addiction and Perceived Stress and Moderation of Boredom during COVID-19 in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15355. [PMID: 36430074 PMCID: PMC9692943 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Smartphone addiction (SPA) is prevalent in college students and harms their healthy development, and perceived stress (PS) has been a well-documented risk factor of SPA. People often experienced boredom during COVID-19; however, its effect on behavioral/mental health during the pandemic has been rarely tested. We investigated the prospective association between SPA and PS before and during COVID-19, as well as the moderation of boredom. A total of 197 college students participated in four-wave surveys from December 2018 to June 2020 in China. The cross-lagged model was developed to investigate the prospective association between SPA and PS from T1 to T4. Boredom was added to the model at T4 as a moderator to explore the moderating role of boredom during COVID-19. The results showed that the pandemic changed PS's prediction on SPA. During COVID-19, boredom significantly affected SPA and PS and moderated the link from PS at T3 to PS at T4. The results suggest that the prospective associations between SPA and PS varied before and during COVID-19. Prevention of SPA should be conducted for new students and should be used to enhance their stress coping capacity. Intervention programs for eliminating boredom may be effective for reducing stress and SPA during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang He
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Mingxuan Du
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chengjia Zhao
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Honglei Peng
- The Audit Office, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Amiri F, Moradinazar M, Moludi J, Pasdar Y, Najafi F, Shakiba E, Hamzeh B, Saber A. The association between self-reported mobile phone usage with blood pressure and heart rate: evidence from a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2031. [PMID: 36344963 PMCID: PMC9639298 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the advancement of technology, the rate of access and use of mobile phones in different communities has increased significantly. Mobile phones emit electromagnetic waves and therefore excessive use of them may have harmful effects on physical and mental health and especially on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate the association between self-reported mobile phone use duration and blood pressure and heart rate (HR) using data from Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study. Methods The present cross-sectional study was performed using the data of 8905 out of 10,065 participants in the RaNCD study in Iran. According to the mean self-reported duration of mobile phone usage (min/day) over the previous 12 months, all users were divided into four groups. The first and fourth groups had the least and most time using mobile phones respectively. The relationship between blood pressure and the duration of mobile phone use was determined using univariate and multiple linear regression. Results Of 8905 participants aged 35–65 years, 1515 (17.0%) of them didn't use mobile phones. The minimum, maximum, and mean duration of self-reported mobile phone use between users were 3.4, 50.4, and 19.5 min/day, respectively. A decrease in women's systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and HR was observed by increasing the duration of mobile phone use. With adjustment for effective confounding factors, there was a significant negative association between SBP [-2.52 (-4.11, -0.94)], DBP [-1.86 (-2.83, -0.89)], and duration of mobile use. Conclusion In this study, a significant decreasing trend was found between SBP, DBP, and HR and higher mobile phone usage in women. Based on regression analysis, SBP, DBP, and duration of mobile phone use were associated negatively in those who used their phones for at least 8 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amiri
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Jalal Moludi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Shakiba
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Behrooz Hamzeh
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Saber
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Internet Risk Perception: Development and Validation of a Scale for Adults. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1581-1593. [DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of Internet risk perception, no instrument currently exists that measures this awareness in the Spanish population. The goal of this study was to provide information on studies of the validity and reliability of the Internet Risk Perception (IRP) Scale for adult Spanish citizens. We began with a literature review and validation using a mixed panel with 20 participants. We analyzed the degree to which the subjects agreed or disagreed with the criteria evaluated, including contributions for improving the instrument, and performed a pilot test with 517 adults aged 18 to 77. Construct reliability and validity were analyzed using various statistical analyses. The results from the confirmatory factor analysis showed a sufficient accuracy of the data with parameters that indicated an excellent fit for all items. The Spanish version of the scale for adults is a reliable and valid instrument for use in studies that investigate Internet risk perception in people over 18 years of age.
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Longitudinal associations of the duration of mobile phone use with suicidal behavior in adolescents: The mediating role of depressive symptoms. J Affect Disord 2022; 314:365-371. [PMID: 35878828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged mobile phone use has been demonstrated to be associated with mental health problems and suicidal behavior in adolescents. This study examined the mediating role of depressive symptoms in the association between duration of mobile phone use (DMPU) and suicidal behavior in adolescents. METHODS A total of 6,923 participants from the Shandong Adolescent Behavior & Health Cohort (SABHC) were included in the analysis. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire to assess DMPU on weekdays and weekends, mental disorders, insomnia symptoms, depressive symptoms, suicidal behavior (thought, plan, or attempt), and family demographics in November-December 2015. One year later, a follow-up survey was conducted to ask participants to report their depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. Path analyses with logistic regressions were performed to examine the mediating role of depressive symptoms in the DMPU-suicidal behavior link. RESULTS Of the sample, mean age was 14.58 (SD = 1.45) and 3,455 (49.9 %) were female at baseline. 12.12 % of participants reported having ever suicidal behavior during the past 12 months at baseline, and 10.63 % reported having ever suicidal behavior during 1-year follow-up. Path analyses showed that the depressive symptoms played a partial mediating role in the association of DMPU on weekdays and weekends with subsequent suicidal behavior. After controlling for covariates, depressive symptoms accounted for 33.6 % and 58.6 % of the total effect of DMPU on weekdays and weekends on suicidal behavior, respectively. LIMITATION All variables were measured based on self-report. CONCLUSIONS The link between DMPU and suicidal behavior was partially mediated by depressive symptoms. Prolonged mobile phone use and depressive symptoms should be assessed and intervened to prevent suicidal behavior in adolescents.
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Egfors D, Gunnarsson AG, Ricklund N. Changes in Reported Symptoms Attributed to Office Environments in Sweden between 1995 and 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11434. [PMID: 36141707 PMCID: PMC9517370 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-specific building-related symptoms (NBRSs) describe various symptoms in those affected. Questionnaires are the first step in investigating suspected NBRSs in office environments and have been used for over two decades. However, changes in reporting of symptoms among office workers over time are currently unknown. The overall aim was thus to investigate if reported symptoms and perceived causality to the office environment have changed during 25 years of using the MM 040 NA Office questionnaire. A cross-sectional study of 26,477 questionnaires from 1995-2020 was conducted, where 12 symptoms and perceived causality to office environment were examined using logistic regression analyses of 5-year groups adjusted for sex and atopy. Reporting trends in the year groups varied slightly among symptoms, but eight symptoms were statistically significant in the 2015-2020 group compared to the 1995-1999 group. Seven symptoms had increased: fatigue, heavy-feeling head, headache, difficulties concentrating, itchy/irritated eyes, congested/runny nose, and dry/red hands. One symptom decreased: hoarseness/dry throat. Perceived causality of symptoms to the office environment decreased to a statistically significant degree in 2015-2020 for 11 symptoms, and there was an overall trend of decreasing perceived causality throughout the year groups for most symptoms. The observed time trends suggest a need for up-to-date reference data, to keep up with changes in symptom reporting in office environments over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Della Egfors
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, SE 70182 Orebro, Sweden
| | - Anita Gidlöf Gunnarsson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, SE 70182 Orebro, Sweden
| | - Niklas Ricklund
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Business, Science and Engineering, Örebro University, SE 70182 Orebro, Sweden
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Liu S, Lan Y, He G, Chen B, Jia Y. The associations between problematic smartphone use and blood pressure among 2,573 aged 9-17 years students in Shanghai, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:904509. [PMID: 36159281 PMCID: PMC9490019 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.904509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to (1) examine the cross-sectional association between problematic smartphone use (PSU) and blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents and (2) determine whether the association between PSU and BP differs by the grade of students. Methods We recruited a total of 2,573 participants from 14 schools in Shanghai by a two-stage sampling method. We derived BP data from the participant's most recent medical examination data, including systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). We measured PSU by a modified PSU Classification Scale. We also assessed demographic characteristics, body mass index, behavioral variables, and physiological characteristics. Results High school students had higher BP and PSU scores than primary and middle school students. PSU on the dimension of information collection was associated positively with both SBP and DBP among primary and middle school students, with the β (95% CI) values of 0.282 (0.018, 0.546) and 0.229 (0.031, 0.427). Meanwhile, the dimension of the relationship of social network was associated positively with SBP among primary and middle school students, with a β (95% CI) value of 0.390 (0.062, 0.717). PSU on the dimension of information collection was positively associated with the development of high BP, with a OR (95% CI) value of 1.072 (1.011, 1.137) among primary and middle school students. Conclusions PSU might be a potential correlate of high BP among school-age children and adolescents. The associations between PSU and BP differed by the grade of students as well as according to the four dimensions of PSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Lan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingnan Jia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Yingnan Jia
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Zhong Y, Ma H, Liang YF, Liao CJ, Zhang CC, Jiang WJ. Prevalence of smartphone addiction among Asian medical students: A meta-analysis of multinational observational studies. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1171-1183. [PMID: 35422151 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221089535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High prevalence of smartphone addiction among medical students may contribute to adverse physical and mental health outcomes. AIM To estimate the prevalence of smartphone addiction, and explore the influencing factors and related mental health symptoms of smartphone addiction among Asian medical students. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE were searched for relevant literature from the inception to September 10, 2021. Using Stata software 11.0, the meta-analysis of prevalence and the influencing factors of smartphone addiction were determined with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Nineteen articles, published between 2014 and 2019, were included, producing medical student studies from seven different Asian countries. The included studies were conducted in India (n = 11) and Malaysia (n = 3), with China, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Nepal, and Iran each contributing one study. Among a total of 5,497 medical students, the participants included 3,214 females, of whom 2,181 were medical students with smartphone addiction. The prevalence of smartphone addiction among Asian medical students was 41.93% (95% CI [36.24%, 47.72%]). The influencing factors of smartphone addiction among medical students included gender, duration of smartphone use, smartphone function, and marital status. Ten studies (52.63%) explored related mental health symptoms of smartphone addiction among Asian medical students. Smartphone addiction was positively correlated with poor sleep quality (r = .17-.31), stress (r = .30-.40), anxiety, depression, neuroticism, and general health among Asian medical students. CONCLUSION Smartphone addiction is highly prevalent among Asian medical students. Smartphone addiction may adversely affect mental health, resulting in sleep disturbance, stress, anxiety, depression, and neuroticism. It is necessary to take appropriate precautionary actions and interventions to prevent smartphone overuse among medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhong
- Nursing Department, Zigong First People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Nursing Department, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Fen Liang
- Nursing Department, Zigong First People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang-Ju Liao
- Nursing Department, Zigong First People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Cui-Cui Zhang
- Nursing Department, Zigong First People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen-Jing Jiang
- Nursing Department, Zigong First People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
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The Prevalence and Predictors of Problematic Mobile Phone Use: a 14-Country Empirical Survey. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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The association of work-related extended availability with recuperation, well-being, life domain balance and work: A meta-analysis. ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20413866221116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Work-related extended availability (WREA; the availability of employees for work-related matters in their leisure time) seems to be associated with decreases in well-being and life-domain balance, but to date there is no quantitative synthesis of the scattered evidence. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis (113 articles with 121 studies relying on k = 117 independent samples with N = 131,872) on the associations between WREA and employee outcomes while examining potential moderators as well as differences between availability demands and behaviors. WREA was adversely associated with recuperation, well-being and private life, but favorably with some work-related criteria. There were no systematic differences in effect sizes between availability demands and behaviors; however, segmentation preferences were a moderator. Overall, these results suggest that WREA may pose a threat to employee recuperation, well-being and private lives, especially when employees prefer separating work and private life. However, positive potentials of WREA should not be overlooked. Plain Language Summary Work-related extended availability (WREA) refers to the availability of employees for work-related matters in their leisure time. Studies have shown that WREA may go along with primarily negative consequences for employees, but to date, there is no comprehensive overview of the literature statistically summarizing the current state of research, which was done in the study at hand. We assumed that WREA be related to problems with recovery, poorer well-being and difficulties to find a balance between work and private life. We also assessed in how far WREA goes along with attitudes towards work, absence from work and the intention to change jobs. Moreover, we considered differences between demands to be available and behaviors of actually taking care of work-related matters during leisure time. Finally, we investigated factors that may be associated with stronger consequences of WREA. We included 113 scientific papers with a total of 131,872 participants. WREA was related to problems with recovery, poorer well-being and difficulties to find a balance between work and private life, but also to more positive attitudes towards work. We did not find systematic differences between demands to be available and availability behaviors. However, we found that the relationship between WREA and work creating conflict with family life were stronger in samples with higher preferences to segment work and private life. Our findings suggest that WREA may pose a threat to employee recuperation, well-being and private lives, especially when employees prefer separating life domains. Still, positive potentials of WREA should not be overlooked.
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Khoo SS, Yang H. Resisting problematic smartphone use: Distracter resistance strengthens grit's protective effect against problematic smartphone use. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The Relationship between Cellphone Usage on the Physical and Mental Wellbeing of University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159352. [PMID: 35954709 PMCID: PMC9368281 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The study aims to examine the use of cell phones on physical and mental health status and their impact on personality among university students. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. The association of physical and mental health variables with the demographic variables was examined using Pearson’s correlation and χ2-test. The binary logistic regression model was further used to predict the probabilities of negative impact on personality due to excessive use of cell phones. (3) Results: A total of 400 participants participated with a mean age of 24.45 ± 3.45 years. The average eye strain was more in High cell phone users HCPU than in LCPU and that difference was significant p = 0.000. The average neck pain was more in (HCPU) than Low cell phone users (LCPU) and there was a significant difference between the two groups with p = 0.006. The average weight gain was more in HCPU than LCPU and that difference was significant p = 0.000. Considering back pain, back pain was found more in HCPU as compared to LCPU with a statistical difference at p = 0.027. Cell phone usage significantly correlated with eye strain (r = 0.577, p = 0.000), neck pain (r = 0.543, p = 0.000), back pain (r = 0.611, p = 0.000), weight gain (r = 0.423, p = 0.000), depression (r = 0.430, p = 0.000), loneliness (r = −0.276, p = 0.002), and mood disorder (r = 0.608, p = 0.000). Eye strain, neck pain, and back pain was observed more in HCPU than in LCPU. HCPU felt they gained more weight when compared to the respondents in the LCPU group. HCPU felt more changes in mood and feeling low when compared to the LCPU, while LCPU group felt more lonelier when compared to the HCPU group. (4) Conclusions: The study highlights a significant association between excess use of cell phones and negative effects on physical and mental health wellbeing. Based on the results, it is recommended that more physical activities and alternative to minimize cell phone usage should be planned for the students. Public health policy makers and stakeholder need to address the ill effects of excessive use of cell phones through novel policies., especially young students, and alternatives to reduce their cell phone activities.
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Exploring the Influence of Problematic Mobile Phone Use on Mathematics Anxiety and Mathematics Self-Efficacy: An Empirical Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Problematic mobile phone use is a pervasive issue globally and has aroused wide public concerns. Prior studies have indicated that problematic mobile phone use has a series of negative effects on individuals’ physical and mental health. However, the effects on student learning have seldom been investigated. During the COVID-19 pandemic, home quarantine and social distancing have led to individuals’ greater problematic mobile phone use, and it is essential to have a better understanding of individuals’ problematic mobile phone use and its negative effects during this unprecedented period. Given this, the present study investigates the effects of university students’ problematic mobile phone use on mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics anxiety, which play critical roles in mathematics learning. This study collected data from 420 students in March 2022, when a large-scale COVID-19 lockdown took place in Shanghai, China. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Our findings show that university students’ problematic mobile phone use can significantly impact mathematics anxiety and indirectly—yet considerably—influence mathematics self-efficacy. This study calls for increased public concern regarding students’ problematic mobile phone use during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Lai X, Huang S, Nie C, Yan JJ, Li Y, Wang Y, Luo Y. Trajectory of problematic smartphone use among adolescents aged 10-18 years: The roles of childhood family environment and concurrent parent-child relationships. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:577-587. [PMID: 35895472 PMCID: PMC9295210 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adolescence is a period of high incidence of problematic smartphone use. Understanding the developmental trajectory of problematic smartphone use in adolescence and its influencing factors could guide the choice of timing for prevention and intervention. This study fitted the growth trajectory of problematic smartphone use among adolescents and examined its associations with the childhood family environment and concurrent parent-child relationships. METHODS Using a cohort sequential design, we investigated 2,548 Chinese adolescents and their parents three times in three years. Multiple group multiple cohort growth models were used to fit the growth trajectory. RESULTS The quadratic growth trajectory of problematic smartphone use in adolescents aged 10-18 years showed a clear increasing trend, with a possible decreasing trend in late adolescence or early adulthood. Early life socioeconomic status, childhood family unpredictability, and the concurrent parent-child relationship had unique impacts on the development of problematic smartphone use during adolescence. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Early adolescence is a favorable time for problematic smartphone use prevention and intervention. A supportive family environment should be maintained throughout the different developmental stages of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shunsen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chang Nie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jia Julia Yan
- Department of Child and Family Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Yajun Li
- Guangming Institute of Education Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Corresponding author. Tel.: +(010) 58807506. E-mail:
| | - Yuhan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Corresponding author. Tel.: +(010) 58807506. E-mail:
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The relationship between stress and smartphone addiction among adolescents: the mediating effect of grit. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractInterpretable machine learning has become a very active area of research due to the rising popularity of machine learning algorithms and their inherently challenging interpretability. Most work in this area has been focused on the interpretation of single features in a model. However, for researchers and practitioners, it is often equally important to quantify the importance or visualize the effect of feature groups. To address this research gap, we provide a comprehensive overview of how existing model-agnostic techniques can be defined for feature groups to assess the grouped feature importance, focusing on permutation-based, refitting, and Shapley-based methods. We also introduce an importance-based sequential procedure that identifies a stable and well-performing combination of features in the grouped feature space. Furthermore, we introduce the combined features effect plot, which is a technique to visualize the effect of a group of features based on a sparse, interpretable linear combination of features. We used simulation studies and real data examples to analyze, compare, and discuss these methods.
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Mobile phones are hazardous microbial platforms warranting robust public health and biosecurity protocols. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10009. [PMID: 35705596 PMCID: PMC9199474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in technology and communication have revolutionised the twenty-first century with the introduction of mobile phones and smartphones. These phones are known to be platforms harbouring microbes with recent research shedding light on the abundance and broad spectrum of organisms they harbour. Mobile phone use in the community and in professional sectors including health care settings is a potential source of microbial dissemination. To identify the diversity of microbial genetic signature present on mobile phones owned by hospital medical staff. Twenty-six mobile phones of health care staff were swabbed. DNA extraction for downstream next generation sequencing shotgun metagenomic microbial profiling was performed. Survey questionnaires were handed to the staff to collect information on mobile phone usage and users' behaviours. Each of the 26 mobile phones of this study was contaminated with microbes with the detection of antibiotic resistance and virulent factors. Taken together the sum of microbes and genes added together across all 26 mobile phones totalised 11,163 organisms (5714 bacteria, 675 fungi, 93 protists, 228 viruses, 4453 bacteriophages) and 2096 genes coding for antibiotic resistance and virulent factors. The survey of medical staff showed that 46% (12/26) of the participants used their mobile phones in the bathroom. Mobile phones are vectors of microbes and can contribute to microbial dissemination and nosocomial diseases worldwide. As fomites, mobile phones that are not decontaminated may pose serious risks for public health and biosecurity.
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