1
|
Romero-García PA, Ramirez-Perez S, Miguel-González JJ, Guzmán-Silahua S, Castañeda-Moreno JA, Komninou S, Rodríguez-Lara SQ. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Practices: A Narrative Review Elucidating the Impact on Healthcare Systems, Mechanisms and Paediatric Applications. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1547. [PMID: 39120250 PMCID: PMC11311728 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12151547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
While research on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the general population is expanding, there remains a scarcity of studies investigating the efficacy and utilisation of CAM practices, specifically in the paediatric population. In accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of the parental utilisation of CAM in their dependents is estimated to reach up to 80%. This literature review identified broad, heterogeneous, and inconclusive evidence regarding CAM's applications and effectiveness, primarily attributed to variance in sociodemographic factors and differences in national healthcare systems. Additionally, the review identified a lack of consensus and polarised positions among mainstream professionals regarding the mechanisms of action, applications, and effectiveness of CAM. This narrative review presents varied results concerning the efficacy of most CAM therapies and their applications; however, some evidence suggests potential benefits for acupuncture, yoga, tai chi, and massage in improving physical and mental health. Moreover, the available evidence indicates that meditation may enhance mental health, while reiki may only influence patients' perceptions of comfort. In light of the intricate and multifaceted nature of herbal medicine, it is imperative to assess its efficacy on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the specific compounds and procedures involved. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for health professionals, offering guidance for personalised healthcare approaches that consider the values and beliefs of patients, thereby facilitating integrated, evidence-based practices aimed at enhancing the quality of healthcare services and patient satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Anaid Romero-García
- School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.R.-P.); (J.J.M.-G.); (S.G.-S.); (J.A.C.-M.)
| | - Sergio Ramirez-Perez
- School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.R.-P.); (J.J.M.-G.); (S.G.-S.); (J.A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo-Esquelético (IIRSME), CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge Javier Miguel-González
- School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.R.-P.); (J.J.M.-G.); (S.G.-S.); (J.A.C.-M.)
- Departamento de Investigación, Instituto Cardiovascular de Mínima Invasión (ICMI), Zapopan 45116, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sandra Guzmán-Silahua
- School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.R.-P.); (J.J.M.-G.); (S.G.-S.); (J.A.C.-M.)
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, CMNO OOAD Jalisco Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44160, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Javier Adan Castañeda-Moreno
- School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.R.-P.); (J.J.M.-G.); (S.G.-S.); (J.A.C.-M.)
| | - Sophia Komninou
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;
| | - Simón Quetzalcoatl Rodríguez-Lara
- School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45129, Jalisco, Mexico; (S.R.-P.); (J.J.M.-G.); (S.G.-S.); (J.A.C.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yan S, Jiang H, Yang Z, Tang X, Chen Z, Chen Z, Liu H, Zhang F. Physical activity trajectory during pregnancy and associations with maternal fatigue using a growth mixture modeling approach. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1020. [PMID: 38200232 PMCID: PMC10781982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51648-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of physical activity trajectories with maternal fatigue. Pregnant women provided objectively assessed physical activity data by Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire four times. Fatigue scale-14 was used to assess fatigue during pregnancy. Growth mixture modelling characterized physical activity trajectories across pregnancy. The generalized estimating equations was used to analyze the relationship between different physical activity profiles and fatigue in pregnant women. A total of 626 pregnant women were included in analysis in a teaching hospital in Nantong city. Fatigue (total, mental and physical) was not different between two groups based on total energy expenditure of PA (constantly high vs. constantly low). The pregnant women in "constantly high household PA" group had the higher fatigue compared to "constantly low household PA" (P < 0.05) and "constantly medium household PA" (P < 0.05). The pregnant women in "constantly high sport PA" group had lower fatigue compared to "constantly low sport PA" (P < 0.05). Household PA and sport PA were still an independent influencing factor for fatigue after controlling for confounding variables. Specifically, we observed that higher household PA and lower sport PA were associated with higher fatigue during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Yan
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, 19 QiXiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Health School attached to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 200237, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, 19 QiXiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
- Affiliated hospital of Nantong university, Nantong, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, 19 QiXiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinyan Tang
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, 19 QiXiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zihang Chen
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, 19 QiXiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhifang Chen
- Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huahua Liu
- Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, 19 QiXiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manojlovic M, Roklicer R, Trivic T, Milic R, Maksimović N, Tabakov R, Sekulic D, Bianco A, Drid P. Effects of school-based physical activity interventions on physical fitness and cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents with disabilities: a systematic review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1180639. [PMID: 37362446 PMCID: PMC10289231 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1180639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to examine the influence of school-based physical exercise programs on physical fitness and cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents with disabilities. Methods: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were thoroughly searched to identify relevant investigations. To be included in the systematic review, studies needed to fulfill the following inclusion criteria: 1) performed school-based physical exercise interventions; 2) parameters evaluated referred to health-related physical fitness (HRPF), skill-related physical fitness (SRPF), and cardiometabolic health; 3) a sample of participants consisted of children and adolescents with disabilities; 4) the mean age of respondents was less than 18 years; and 5) were written in the English language. Results: After searching the databases, a total of 474 studies have been identified, 18 of them met the eligibility criteria, and their outcomes were presented. Relating to the respondents' characteristics, the investigations involved 681 children and adolescents with disabilities, out of which 440 were male and 241 female. Regarding types of physical exercise interventions, the most commonly implemented were combined aerobic and resistance training, aerobic exercise, sports games, adapted high-intensity interval training, as well as sprint interval training. The obtained results unambiguously demonstrated that applied exercise interventions improved HRPF components such as cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness, and flexibility. In terms of the SRPF, agility, balance, coordination, and power were considerably enhanced following the school-based exercise. On the other hand, the influence on indices of body composition and cardiometabolic health is quite controversial. The majority of the available studies did not find favorable effects. Additionally, no adverse events were reported in 7 of 8 research, and adherence to exercise was approximately 92%. Conclusion: School-based physical exercise programs were very efficient in improving HRPF and SRPF in children and adolescents with disabilities, while the evidence concerning the variables of body composition and cardiometabolic health is inconclusive and warrants further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Manojlovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Roberto Roklicer
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Faculty of Education, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Brixen-Bressanone, Italy
| | - Tatjana Trivic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Rade Milic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Maksimović
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roman Tabakov
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Damir Sekulic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrik Drid
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Huang J, Kong Z, Sun F, Sit CHP, Li C. Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Exercise on Physical Fitness in People with Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Games Health J 2023; 12:89-99. [PMID: 36716183 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2022.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether virtual reality (VR)-based exercise can improve physical fitness in people with intellectual disability (ID). This systematic review therefore aimed to synthesize existing evidence regarding the efficacy of VR-based exercise on physical fitness in people with ID. Eligible articles were searched through six major electronic databases from inception until August 15, 2022. Returned studies were screened through predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data from the included studies were then extracted and synthesized. A total of 13 randomized controlled trials were included and 12 of them were found to have good research quality. Different physical fitness outcomes were evaluated: (1) muscular fitness (d = 0.05-2.12; proportion of effect = 5/6), (2) cardiorespiratory fitness (d = 0.12-0.67; proportion of effect = 5/5), (3) flexibility (d = 0.81; proportion of effect = 1/2), (4) body composition (d = 0.10; proportion of effect = 2/3), (5) balance (d = 0.23-1.65; proportion of effect = 6/7), (6) coordination (d = 0.19-0.48; proportion of effect = 2/3), (7) speed and agility (d = 0.13-0.46; proportion of effect = 4/4), and (8) overall motor proficiency (d = 0.02-1.08; proportion of effect = 1/3). While there was some preliminary evidence showing that VR-based exercise could improve muscular fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and speed and agility in individuals with ID, other outcomes showed less conclusive or limited positive evidence. Overall, additional studies are needed to understand the benefits of VR-based exercise on physical fitness in people with ID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Li
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiafu Huang
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaowei Kong
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Fenghua Sun
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cindy H P Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.,Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun Y, Yu S, Wang A, Chan HCK, Ou AX, Zhang D, Xie Y, Fong SSM, Gao Y. Effectiveness of an adapted physical activity intervention on health-related physical fitness in adolescents with intellectual disability: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22583. [PMID: 36585423 PMCID: PMC9803657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of an adapted physical activity (APA) intervention on health-related physical fitness (HRPF) in adolescents with intellectual disability (ID). With a randomized controlled trial design, adolescents aged 12-18 years, with mild and moderate ID, and being overweight and obese were recruited and randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group. The APA intervention consisted of overall moderate intensity aerobic and resistance exercise, with a duration of 45 min/session, a frequency of 2 sessions/week, and lasting for 9 months. A negative control was involved, in which participants received no treatment. Changes in four fitness tests, including the 9-min run/walk, handgrip strength, 30-s sit-ups, and sit-and-reach tests, were assessed between the groups using general linear models. A total of 57 participants (39 in the intervention group and 18 in the control group) completed the study. Significant mean differences in changes in the 9-min run/walk test (413.6 m [95% CI 146.72 m, 680.41 m], p = 0.003) and the right-side sit-and-reach test (2.2 cm [95% CI 0.37 cm, 4.09 cm], p = 0.020) respectively were observed in the intervention group, compared to the control group. No significant between-group improvement was observed for the handgrip strength and the 30-s sit-ups tests. The APA intervention induced beneficial effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and potential beneficial effects on flexibility for adolescents with ID. However, no significant effects of this intervention on muscular strength and endurance were observed in this study. Future studies should consider involving effective exercises in interventions to improve muscular strength and endurance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyue Yu
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aiwei Wang
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hardaway Chun-Kwan Chan
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China ,Scientific Conditioning Centre, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alison Xiaoting Ou
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dexing Zhang
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaojie Xie
- grid.16890.360000 0004 1764 6123School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shirley S. M. Fong
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China ,grid.419993.f0000 0004 1799 6254Department of Health and Physical Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Gao
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China ,grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park SB, Ju Y, Kwon H, Youm H, Kim MJ, Chung J. Effect of a Cognitive Function and Social Skills-Based Digital Exercise Therapy Using IoT on Motor Coordination in Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16499. [PMID: 36554380 PMCID: PMC9778621 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of a virtual reality exercise program based on cognitive function and social skills on motor coordination in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Thirty-five children with IDD were randomly assigned to either the cognitive function and social skills-based virtual reality exercise system (CS-VR) group or the conventional virtual reality exercise system (C-VR) group. Before and after the intervention, each participant was tested for motor coordination (extended horizontal jump, hop, stationary dribble, overarm throw) and exercise performance (standing long jump, YMCA step test). Compared with the C-VR group, the CS-VR group showed significant improvements in motor coordination in terms of extended horizontal jump, hop, and overarm throw (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively). In addition, compared with the C-VR group, the CS-VR group showed a significant increase in standing long jump (p < 0.01), although no significant between-group variation was found in stationary dribble and recovery heart rate (RHR) as part of the YMCA step test (p > 0.05, and p > 0.05, respectively). These results suggest that for the development of motor skills in children with IDD, it is essential to develop an exercise program that reflects the levels of cognitive functions and social skills of these children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Bo Park
- Department of Sports Science Convergence, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Ju
- Human Development and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Education Service Science, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Kwon
- Department of Sport Culture, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeok Youm
- Department of Sport Culture, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwook Chung
- Department of Sport Culture, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang A, Bu D, Yu S, Sun Y, Wang J, Lee TCT, Baker JS, Gao Y. Effects of a School-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Obesity, Health-Related Physical Fitness, and Blood Pressure in Children with Intellectual Disability: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12015. [PMID: 36231316 PMCID: PMC9564506 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Children with intellectual disability (ID) are more vulnerable to health conditions than their typically developing peers. Evidence of effective interventions is scarce. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 30 overweight and obese children with intellectual disability (ID) in China to evaluate a 12-week school-based physical activity intervention for obesity, health-related physical fitness (HRPF), and blood pressure. The intervention consisted of 24 physical activity (PA) sessions (2 sessions/week, 60 min/session), with exercise intensity progressively increasing from a moderate level to a vigorous level. All participants were followed up for 12 weeks after the intervention period to evaluate sustained effects. Outcomes were repeatedly measured at baseline, after the intervention, and after follow-up. The intervention was effective in reducing some obesity-related outcomes (including weight and body mass index) and improving some HRPF-related outcomes (including the 6 min walk test and the 30 s sit-to-stand test), with the significant effects being sustained after the 12-week follow-up. No effect was observed on blood pressure. The findings of this study contribute to the development and implementation of PA interventions to reduce obesity and improve HRPF in children with ID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiwei Wang
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danran Bu
- Department of Sport, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Institute of Sport Science, Wuhan 432025, China
| | - Siyue Yu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Mass Sports Research Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061, China
| | - Tinky Chin Ting Lee
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Effects of Tai Chi on the Executive Functions and Physical Fitness in Middle-Aged Adults with Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1589106. [PMID: 36147650 PMCID: PMC9489347 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1589106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective The present study examined the effects of Tai Chi exercise on the executive functions (EFs) and physical fitness of middle-aged adults with depression. Methods A total of 39 middle-aged adults with depression (Mage = 50.59, SD = 7.38) were randomly assigned to the Tai Chi group (n = 20) or the waiting-list control group (n = 19). The Tai Chi group engaged in two 90 min sessions of Tai Chi exercise per week for 12 weeks; the waiting-list control group was asked to maintain their usual daily routines for 12 weeks. Depression symptoms, EFs (i.e., inhibitory control, planning, working memory, and cognitive flexibility), and physical fitness (i.e., cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, power, and flexibility) were evaluated at the baseline (pretest), 6-week (mid-test), and 12-week (post-test) marks. Results Both groups showed decreased depression symptoms over time. Compared with the control group, the Tai Chi group showed decreased reaction times for incongruent conditions in the Stroop test from pretest to mid- and post-test, and shorter reaction time for incongruent conditions in the Stroop test than the control group at post-test; the Tai Chi group performed significantly better than the control group in overall total move score of Tower of London (TOL). The Tai Chi group also showed increased total correct scores of TOL from pretest to mid- and post-test, and greater total correct scores of TOL than the control group at post-test. Additionally, results indicated that Tai Chi exercise comprehensively improved physical fitness from pretest to mid- and post-test. Greater performance in terms of cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, and power was also found in the Tai Chi group at post-test than in the control group. Conclusions These findings suggest that the 12-week Tai Chi exercise improved inhibitory control, planning and working memory aspects of executive functions, and physical fitness in middle-aged adults with depression.
Collapse
|
9
|
Mirza M, Brown-Hollie JP, Suarez-Balcazar Y, Parra-Medina D, Camillone S, Zeng W, Garcia-Gomez E, Heydarian N, Magaña S. Interventions for Health Promotion and Obesity Prevention for Children and Adolescents with Developmental Disabilities: a Systematic Review. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2022:1-24. [PMID: 36032995 PMCID: PMC9395920 DOI: 10.1007/s40489-022-00335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review evaluated interventions and relevant outcomes for health promotion and obesity prevention among children and adolescents with developmental disabilities (DD). Twenty-one studies including randomized control trials (n= 9) and quasi-experimental studies (n=12) published between 2010 and 2021 met inclusion criteria related to participant characteristics, intervention type, and child obesity-related outcomes. Five types of intervention programs were identified: aerobic and strength training, sport-based physical activity, aquatic exercise, active video gaming, and diet and lifestyle. Whereas analysis of intervention outcomes, efficacy, and study rigor showed mixed results and weak evidence of effective interventions, this review identified gaps in the literature, promising strategies for addressing obesity in children with DD, and implications for practice and future research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40489-022-00335-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansha Mirza
- University of Illinois, 1919 W Taylor., IL 60612 Chicago, USA
| | | | | | - Deborah Parra-Medina
- Latino Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, 210 W. 24th St., Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Sarah Camillone
- University of Illinois, 1919 W Taylor., IL 60612 Chicago, USA
| | - Weiwen Zeng
- University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | | | - Nazanin Heydarian
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA
| | - Sandy Magaña
- University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang A, Gao Y, Wang J, Brown TJ, Sun Y, Yu S, Tong TK, Zhong LLD, Fong SSM, Dutheil F, Baker JS. Interventions for health-related physical fitness and overweight and obesity in children with intellectual disability: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2022; 35:1073-1087. [PMID: 35445495 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor health-related physical fitness (HRPF) and overweight and obesity are common health problems for children with intellectual disability. This study aimed to review existing lifestyle intervention studies, and identify effective strategies for this population. METHODS A systematic search was undertaken in three databases. The random-effects model was used to pool the weighted results by inverse variance methods, and the I2 statistic was applied to assess heterogeneity among the included studies. RESULTS Most of the identified interventions (27/29) adopted physical activity (PA). For obesity-related outcomes, the results showed no significant effect of PA studies on reducing obesity. For HRPF outcomes, significant effects were found on 6-min walk distance (51.86 m, 95% CI [16.49, 87.22], p < .05). CONCLUSIONS PA is the predominant intervention component adopted and may contribute to improving cardiopulmonary fitness; but the lack of research limits our ability to draw any confirmed conclusion on obesity-related outcomes and other HRPF outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiwei Wang
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Mass Sports Research Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Tamara J Brown
- Applied Obesity Research Centre, School of Health, Leeds, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyue Yu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tomas K Tong
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linda L D Zhong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shirley Siu Ming Fong
- School of Nursing and Healthcare, Hong Kong Nang Yan College of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), UMR6024, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He G, Zhang X, Yan T, Wang J, Li Q, Liu T, Oh YP. The efficacy of Tai Chi for depression: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28330. [PMID: 35119001 PMCID: PMC8812674 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a commonly occurring and recurrent mental disorder cross the world. Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise which could be used to treat mental disorders including depression. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficiency of Tai Chi for patients with depression. METHODS This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol statement. Literature will be searched at PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Technology Journal Database, and Wan Fang database from the start date to September 2021. The Review Manager 5.3 software will be used to manage literature. After literature screening, 2 reviewers will extract data from the respects of general information, methodology, and results. The data analysis will be conducted with Review Manager and Stata 16 software, and the publication bias and literature quality will be both evaluated. RESULTS The results will contain the evaluation of clinical efficacy of Tai Chi practice for depression, as well as the assessment of literature quality and publication bias. CONCLUSION The current review will provide new evidence on whether and to what extent patients with depression can benefit from Tai Chi practice.Registration number: DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/AUDNQ (https://osf.io/audnq).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojian He
- Physical Education Department, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiucai Zhang
- School of International Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Yan
- School of Sport, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Sport, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- School of Sport, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Youn-Poong Oh
- Department of Physical Education, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kuo CC, Chen SC, Wang JY, Ho TJ, Lin JG, Lu TW. Effects of Tai-Chi Chuan Practice on Patterns and Stability of Lower Limb Inter-Joint Coordination During Obstructed Gait in the Elderly. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:739722. [PMID: 34993183 PMCID: PMC8724780 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.739722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Losing balance or tripping during obstacle-crossing is one of the most frequent causes of falls in the elderly. As a low speed, low impact exercise, Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) can be promising in helping the elderly develop strategies for improved balance, inter-joint coordination, and end-point control during obstacle-crossing. This study investigates the effects of TCC training on the patterns and variability of the lower-limb inter-joint coordination during obstacle-crossing in the elderly. Fifteen older TCC practitioners and 15 healthy controls crossed obstacles of three different heights, while sagittal angles (x) and angular velocities (x′) of the hips, knees and ankles were measured and their phase angles obtained. The continuous relative phases (CRP) of the hip-knee and knee-ankle coordination were also calculated. The standard deviations of the CRP curve points were averaged to obtain deviation phase (DP) values for the stance and swing phases. The TCC group was found to cross obstacles with increased leading and trailing toe-clearances with unaltered CRP values when the swing toe was above the obstacle. Long-term TCC training altered the patterns and magnitudes of the CRPs primarily over double-limb support and significantly reduced the variabilities of leading knee-ankle and trailing hip-knee and knee-ankle CRP curves over the crossing cycle, regardless of obstacle height. The current results suggest that long-term TCC practice was helpful for a crossing strategy with significantly increased foot-obstacle clearances and reduced variability of the way the motions of the lower limb joints are coordinated during obstacle-crossing. These benefits may be explained by the long-lasting effects of continuous practice of the slow movement patterns emphasizing between-limb transfer of body weight in TCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Kuo
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jaung-Geng Lin
- Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wu Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Özkan Z, Kale R. Investigation of the effects of physical education activities on motor skills and quality of life in children with intellectual disability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 69:578-592. [PMID: 37346264 PMCID: PMC10281414 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2021.1978267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Aim: This study was carried out in order to examine whether there is a difference between the quality of life and motor skills of children with intellectual disability who participate in physical education activities and those who do not participate. Method: This study was conducted with a total of 34 children with 16 children in the control group (8 girls, 8 boys) and 18 children in the experimental group (11 boys, 7 girls) using a pre-test, post-test and control group experimental design. A 14-week "Physical Education Activities Program" was applied to the children in the experimental group. Children in the control group did not participate in physical education activities. The Bruininks Oseretsky test of motor proficiency second edition brief form 2010 to measure the motor performance and "Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL)" developed by Varni et al. in 1999 were used for children with intellectual disability. Findings: When the motor skill tests of the children with intellectual disability in the experimental group were evaluated, significant improvements were found in fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual dexterity, bilateral coordination, balance, speed and agility, upper limb coordination, strength tests and all dimension scores for quality of life compared to the pre-test (p < 0.05). In the control group, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the quality of life Physical Functioning score and fine motor integration, bilateral coordination, and upper limb coordination tests (p < 0.05). More significant improvement was observed in motor skills and quality of life in children with intellectual disability who participated in the 14-week physical education program compared to the control group. Conclusion: Physical education activities contributed positively to improving the motor skills and quality of life of children with intellectual disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zekiye Özkan
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Rasim Kale
- Physical Education and Sports Dept, İstanbul Gelişim University, İstanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hsu PJ, Yeh HL, Tsai CL, Chu CH, Chen FC, Pan CY. Effects of a Floor Hockey Intervention on Motor Proficiency, Physical Fitness, and Adaptive Development in Youths with Mild Intellectual Disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137059. [PMID: 34280994 PMCID: PMC8297291 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a 12-week floor hockey training program on the motor proficiency, physical fitness, and adaptive development of youths with mild intellectual disabilities (IDs). A total of 54 youths with IDs were divided into two groups: a floor hockey exercise group (EG; n = 27; age, 16.59 ± 0.56 years) and a control group (CG; n = 27; age, 16.65 ± 0.63 years). The participants in the EG attended sessions of a floor hockey training program 3 times per week over a 12-week period. The CG group maintained their standard activities of daily living. The participants' scores on the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition, Brockport Physical Fitness Test, and traditional Chinese version of the teacher form of the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition, were obtained before and after the intervention. The results of the study indicate that the 12-week floor hockey training program significantly increased the participants' scores for most indicators of motor proficiency (p < 0.01), physical fitness (p < 0.01), and adaptive development (p < 0.01). The findings provide evidence that physical activity interventions focusing on floor hockey training are a viable therapeutic option for treating youths with IDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Physical Education, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Ling Yeh
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Hua Chu
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Fu-Chen Chen
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Chien-Yu Pan
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-7172930
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Analysis of the Relationship between Obesity Factors and Health-Related Physical Fitness Factors among People with Intellectual Disabilities in South Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126533. [PMID: 34204409 PMCID: PMC8296327 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the relationship between health-related physical fitness factors and obesity-related factors in individuals with intellectual disabilities. We investigated the prevalence of obesity and the relationship between obesity-related factors and health-related physical fitness factors among people with intellectual disabilities in South Korea to identify the physical fitness factors that influence the degree of obesity. For obesity-related factors, we measured body composition (height, weight, body mass index—BMI, and body fat percentage) of 108 subjects with intellectual disabilities (mean ± standard deviation; age = 24.4 ± 8.45 years). For health-related physical fitness factors, we measured muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility. There was a significant negative correlation between muscular endurance and obesity factors (BMI, r = −0.306, p < 0.01; body fat percentage, r = −0.402, p < 0.01). Further, the prevalence of obesity (34.3%) and being overweight (17.6%) among people with intellectual disabilities was high in South Korea. In addition, muscular endurance was found to have a significant effect on the obesity level (β = −0.239, p < 0.000). This suggests that a program that considers muscular endurance should be prioritized when implementing an exercise intervention strategy for the treatment of overweight and obesity among people with intellectual disabilities.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang A, Gao Y, Wang J, Tong TK, Sun Y, Yu S, Zhao H, Zou D, Zhang Z, Qi Y, Zuo N, Bu D, Zhang D, Xie Y, Baker JS. Effects of a School-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Obesity and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Adolescents With Intellectual Disability: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e25838. [PMID: 33749611 PMCID: PMC8088867 DOI: 10.2196/25838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity accompanied by lower levels of health-related physical fitness (HRPF) is a major threat to public health both internationally and locally. Children with intellectual disability, especially adolescents, have a higher risk of being overweight/obese and having poor HRPF levels. Therefore, more interventions are needed to help this population attain their optimal health levels. However, there has been relatively limited research on this population compared with on their typically developing peers. OBJECTIVE The proposed study aims to fill this knowledge gap by developing and examining the success of a physical activity (PA) intervention for the target population. METHODS The proposed study will be a 12-week, school-based randomized controlled trial. The participants (N=48) will be recruited from special schools for students with mild intellectual disability and then randomly allocated to either the intervention group (IG) or the wait-list control group (CG). During the intervention period, the participants in the IG will receive a fun game-based moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) training program (2 sessions/week, 60 minutes/session, for a total of 24 sessions). The intensity of the activities will increase in a progressive manner. Participants in the CG will receive no program during the study period, but the same PA program will be provided to them after the completion of the study. To observe and evaluate the sustaining effects of the intervention, follow-up testing will be scheduled for the participants 12 weeks after the intervention concludes. The study outcomes will include primary outcomes (obesity- and fitness-related outcomes) and a secondary outcome (blood pressure). All of the measurements will be taken at 3 time points. After the follow-up tests, the same PA training program will be provided to the participants in the CG. RESULTS This study is ongoing. The participants were recruited from October 2020 to November 2020. The total duration of the study is 13 months. Study results are expected at the end of 2021. CONCLUSIONS The proposed study is expected to reduce obesity and improve HRPF levels in children with intellectual disability. If proven effective, the intervention will be made accessible to more special schools and mainstream schools with students with intellectual disability. Furthermore, the study can serve as an example for international researchers, policy makers, and members of the public who are seeking to tackle the problem of obesity and poor HRPF among children with intellectual disability. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04554355; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04554355. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/25838.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiwei Wang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Mass Sports Research Center, Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Tomas K Tong
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siyue Yu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Qianjiang Special Education School, Qianjiang, China
| | - Daozhi Zou
- Qianjiang Special Education School, Qianjiang, China
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- Zhijiang Special Education School, Zhijiang, China
| | - Yuling Qi
- Dangyang Special Education School, Dangyang, China
| | - Nan Zuo
- Yingshan Special Education School, Yingshan, China
| | - Danran Bu
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,HuBei Institute of Sport Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Dexing Zhang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaojie Xie
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xie Y, Wu Z, Sun L, Zhou L, Wang G, Xiao L, Wang H. The Effects and Mechanisms of Exercise on the Treatment of Depression. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:705559. [PMID: 34803752 PMCID: PMC8602192 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.705559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is necessary to seek alternative therapies for depression, because side effects of medications lead to poor adherence and some patients do not achieve a clinical treatment effect. Recently the role of exercise as a low-cost and easy-to-use treatment for depression has gained attention with a number of studies showing that exercise is effective at reducing depressive symptoms and improving body functions such as cardiorespiratory system and cognitive function. Because of the heterogeneity of exercise therapy programs, there is no standardized and unified program. Few studies have summarized the specific properties of exercise programs (type, intensity, duration, and frequency) and clinical prescriptions for exercise are not mentioned in most articles. Aims: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of exercise therapy for patients with depression, in order to appraise the evidence and outline accepted guidelines to direct individualized treatment plans for patients with depression based on their individual situations. Methods: A systematic review of English language literature including papers published from 2010 to present in PubMed was performed. Given the feasibility of prescribing exercise therapy for patients with depression, nearly 3 years of clinical studies on the treatments of depressive symptoms with exercise were first reviewed, comparing the exercise programs utilized. Conclusions: Exercise has therapeutic effects on depression in all age groups (mostly 18-65 years old), as a single therapy, an adjuvant therapy, or a combination therapy, and the benefits of exercise therapy are comparable to traditional treatments for depression. Moderate intensity exercise is enough to reduce depressive symptoms, but higher-dose exercise is better for overall functioning. Exercise therapy has become more widely used because of its benefits to the cardiovascular system, emotional state, and systemic functions. Recommendations: Aerobic exercise/mind-body exercise (3-5 sessions per week with moderate intensity lasting for 4-16 weeks) is recommended. Individualized protocols in the form of group exercise with supervision are effective at increasing adherence to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuotian Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Limin Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu S, Yu Q, Li Z, Cunha PM, Zhang Y, Kong Z, Lin W, Chen S, Cai Y. Effects of Acute and Chronic Exercises on Executive Function in Children and Adolescents: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2020; 11:554915. [PMID: 33391074 PMCID: PMC7773601 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.554915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Physical exercises can affect executive function both acutely and chronically, with different mechanisms for each moment. Currently, only a few reviews have elaborated on the premise that different types of exercises have different mechanisms for improving executive function. Therefore, the primary purpose of our systematic review was to analyze the effects of acute and chronic exercises on executive function in children and adolescents. Objective: We identified acute and chronic exercise studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of executive function in children and adolescents that reported overall effect, heterogeneity, and publication bias of acute and chronic exercises on executive function. Methods: We searched for RCTs of exercise interventions in children and adolescents from databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Wanfang, from January 1 2009 to December 31 2019. We performed methodological quality evaluations on the included literature using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro) and graded evidence with a meta-analysis using Stata 12.0 software. Results: In total, 36 RCTs were included (14 acute exercises, 22 chronic exercises); the overall results of the meta-analysis (4,577 students) indicated that acute exercises significantly improved working memory (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.89 to -0.56; p < 0.001), inhibitory control (SMD = -0.25; 95% CI -0.40 to -0.09; p = 0.002), and cognitive flexibility (SMD = -0.34; 95% CI -0.55 to -0.14; p < 0.005), whereas chronic exercises significantly improved working memory (SMD = -0.54; 95% CI -0.74 to -0.33; p < 0.001), inhibitory control (SMD = -0.30; 95% CI -0.38 to -0.22; p < 0.001), and cognitive flexibility (SMD = -0.34, 95 % CI -0.48 to -0.20, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Acute and chronic exercises can effectively improve the executive function of children and adolescents. The effects on inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility are considered as small effect sizes, while the effects on working memory are considered as moderate effect size. Limited by the quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified with more high-quality studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zaimin Li
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Paolo Marcello Cunha
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Zhaowei Kong
- Faculty of Education, University of Macao, Macao, China
| | - Wang Lin
- Department of Physical Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujun Cai
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zurita-Ortega F, Ubago-Jiménez JL, Puertas-Molero P, Ramírez-Granizo IA, Muros JJ, González-Valero G. Effects of an Alternative Sports Program Using Kin-Ball in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5296. [PMID: 32717831 PMCID: PMC7432726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The first aim of the present work was to examine the effects of a physical activity sports program, specifically Kin-Ball, within a group of individuals with intellectual disabilities, on decreasing sedentary behavior and improving basic physical skills. The second aim was to evaluate social validity and acceptability of the intervention. In this pre-experimental study, 47 individuals participated (46.8% male and 53.2% female) with an average age of 29.85 (SD = 10.41). All participants were administered an intervention program based on the alternative sport of Kin-Ball. BMI was calculated for body composition and age-related Z-scores were interpreted with the tables provided by the WHO. Endurance was measured through a modified six-minute test, speed was analyzed using a 50 m test, and strength was estimated according to a hand-grip dynamometer. Likewise, balance and coordination were examined in line with adaptations proposed by the scientific literature. Results indicated that all cases experienced statistically significant differences following the intervention program (p = 0.000). Improvement effects were detected in all post-intervention tests (endurance, strength, speed, balance, and coordination). As a main conclusion, it is indicated that an alternative sports-based program improves physical ability and motor skills in individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gabriel González-Valero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (F.Z.-O.); (J.L.U.-J.); (P.P.-M.); (I.A.R.-G.); (J.J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xiao T, Yang L, Smith L, Loprinzi PD, Veronese N, Yao J, Zhang Z, Yu JJ. Correlation Between Cognition and Balance Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults Observed Through a Tai Chi Intervention Program. Front Psychol 2020; 11:668. [PMID: 32328017 PMCID: PMC7153433 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Age-associated decline in cognition and balance may cause severe ability loss for daily living activities among middle-aged and older adults. The relationship between cognition and balance in this aging population remains to be explored. Objective The present study Is exploratory in nature and aimed to examine the relationship between balance (both static and dynamic components) and global cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults through Tai Chi (TC) practice as a research avenue. Methods A short-term (12 weeks) intervention of TC was conducted among middle-aged and older adults in the community setting. Global cognitive function (using the Chinese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (MoCA) and balance (i.e., one leg standing test score; Timed Up and Go Test score, TUGT) of all participants were assessed before and after the intervention. Age, body mass index (BMI), sex, and physical fitness variables (Chair Stand Test, CST; the 6-Meter Walk Test, 6MWT) were also collected as confounding factors. Results Significant moderator effects of baseline CST on the association between the dichotomized baseline MoCA score and the baseline left leg balance score (p = 0.0247), the baseline right leg balance score (p = 0.0140) and the baseline TUGT score (p = 0.0346) were found. Change score of left score balance (p = 0.0192) and change score of TUGT (p = 0.0162) were found to be significantly associated with change score of cognitive function. Conclusion Cognitive function and balance are interrelated in middle-aged and older adults. The association between global cognitive function and balance Is moderated by strength of lower limbs. The change scores of cognitive function and balance introduced by TC training were found to be positively correlated. Future research Is warranted to further confirm the cause-effect relationship of cognitive function and balance and its influencing factors among middle-aged and older adults utilizing intervention studies with larger sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management School of Applied Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Jie Yao
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zonghao Zhang
- College of Physical Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jane Jie Yu
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tai Chi is Effective in Delaying Cognitive Decline in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3620534. [PMID: 32308706 PMCID: PMC7132349 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3620534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether Tai Chi (TC) is effective in slowing cognitive decline in older populations with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Tai Chi and MCI. We searched eight electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Wanfang, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CNKI, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) for appropriate RCTs published up to August 2019. For those studies included, the data were extracted, methodological quality was evaluated, and then meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software (version 5.3). A total of 11 of the studies were available for systematic review, which together included 1061 participants, met the inclusion criteria, and ten of these were included in the meta-analysis. For most RCTs, the methodological quality was moderate. The meta-analysis revealed that Tai Chi could significantly improve global cognitive function; memory and learning; mental speed and attention; ideas, abstraction, figural creations, and mental flexibility; and visuospatial perception. The present review adds to the evidence showing that Tai Chi is potentially beneficial in improving cognitive functions among elderly people with MCI. However, strictly designed and well-reported RCTs are required.
Collapse
|
22
|
Maine A, Brown MJ, Ski CF, Thompson DR, Marsh L, O'Leary L. Recruitment settings, delivery contexts, intervention techniques and outcomes of health promotion programmes for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic review. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 99:103592. [PMID: 32035320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at risk of developing long term health conditions, and a preventative health agenda research is emerging. However, little is known about the recruitment settings, delivery contexts, intervention techniques and outcomes of health promotion programmes for this population. Therefore, the aim of this review was to synthesize and evaluate these characteristics. METHOD A systematic review of studies identified from multiple databases on healthy lifestyle interventions for adolescents and young people with IDD was conducted. Data were synthesized and evaluated using a logic model. Quality of rigour was also assessed. RESULTS Sixteen geographically diverse studies were selected and evaluated. Participants were most commonly recruited from schools, with interventions typically taking place in a gym setting and involving physical activity training. CONCLUSIONS This review indicates that physical activity and dietary interventions in people with IDD may lead to lifestyle changes, however more robust evidence is required. Educational settings are conducive, with settings beyond schools requiring further consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Maine
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Michael J Brown
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Chantal F Ski
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - David R Thompson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - Lynne Marsh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Lisa O'Leary
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Games on Balance Performance among Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214161. [PMID: 31661938 PMCID: PMC6861947 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to evaluate the effect of virtual reality (VR) games on balance recovery of children with cerebral palsy (CP) by quantitatively synthesizing the existing literature, and to further determine the impact of VR game intervention (the duration of each intervention, intervention frequency, intervention cycle, and total intervention time) on the balance recovery of children with CP. To this end, relevant literature up until 3 August 2019 was retrieved from Chinese databases (CNKI and Wanfang Data) and the databases in other languages (Web of Science, Pubmed, EBSCOhost, Informit, Scopus, Science Direct, and ProQuest), and bias analysis was conducted with the PEDro scale in this research. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected and underwent meta-analysis, and combined effect size was calculated with a random effects model. The results showed that VR games may improve the balance of children with CP (Hedge’s g = 0.29; 95% CI 0.10–0.48), and no significant influence of the intervention on balance of children with CP was shown in the subgroup analysis. In conclusion, VR games played a positive role in the improvement of balance of children with CP, but these results should be viewed with caution owing to current methodological defects (difference in measurement, heterogeneity of control groups, intervention combined with other treatments, etc.).
Collapse
|
24
|
Zou L, Loprinzi PD, Yu JJ, Yang L, Li C, Yeung AS, Kong Z, Chiou SY, Xiao T. Superior Effects of Modified Chen-Style Tai Chi versus 24-Style Tai Chi on Cognitive Function, Fitness, and Balance Performance in Adults over 55. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9050102. [PMID: 31060221 PMCID: PMC6562620 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9050102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive decline and balance impairment are prevalent in the aging population. Previous studies investigated the beneficial effects of 24-style Tai Chi (TC-24) on either cognitive function or balance performance of older adults. It still remains largely unknown whether modified Chen-style TC (MTC) that includes 18 complex movements is more beneficial for these age-related health outcomes, as compared to TC-24. Objective: We investigated if MTC would show greater effects than TC-24 on global cognitive function and balance-related outcomes among older adults. Methods: We conducted a randomized trial where 80 eligible adults aged over 55 were allocated into two different styles of Tai Chi (TC) arms (sixty-minute session × three times per week, 12 weeks). Outcome assessments were performed at three time periods (baseline, Week 6, and Week 12) and included the Chinese Version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for overall cognitive function, One-leg Standing Test (LST) for static balance, Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) for dynamic balance, chair Stand Test (CST) for leg power, and the six-meter Walk Test (6MWT) for aerobic exercise capacity. Results: Compared to TC-24 arm, MTC arm demonstrated significantly greater improvements in MoCA, LST, TUGT, CST, and 6MWT (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Both forms of TC were effective in enhancing global cognitive function, balance, and fitness. Furthermore, MTC was more effective than TC-24 in enhancing these health-related parameters in an aging population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liye Zou
- Lifestyle (Mind-Body Movement) Research Center, College of Sports Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Jane Jie Yu
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3C3, Canada.
- Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada.
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Physical Education and Sport Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore.
| | - Albert S Yeung
- Depression Clinical and Research Program at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Zhaowei Kong
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Shin-Yi Chiou
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Tao Xiao
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wuqinxi Qigong as an Alternative Exercise for Improving Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16081396. [PMID: 31003412 PMCID: PMC6517947 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: The improvement of living standards has led to increases in the prevalence of hypokinetic diseases. In particular, multifactorial complex diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, are becoming more prevalent. Currently, developing effective methods to combat or prevent metabolic syndrome is of critical public health importance. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate the existing literature regarding the effects of Wuqinxi exercise on reducing risk factors related to metabolic syndrome. Methods: Both English- and Chinese-language databases were searched for randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of Wuqinxi on these outcomes. Meanwhile, we extracted usable data for computing pooled effect size estimates, along with the random-effects model. Results: The synthesized results showed positive effects of Wuqinxi exercise on systolic blood pressure (SBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.85, p < 0.001, I2 = 24.06%), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.00, p < 0.001, I2 = 61.28%), total plasma cholesterol (TC, SMD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.36, p < 0.001, I2 = 78.71%), triglyceride (TG, SMD = 0.87, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.24, p < 0.001, I2 = 67.22%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, SMD = 1.24, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.72, p < 0.001, I2 = 78.27%), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, SMD = 0.95, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.46, p < 0.001, I2 = 82.27%). In addition, regression results showed that longer-duration Wuqinxi intervention significantly improved DBP (β = 0.00016, Q = 5.72, df = 1, p = 0.02), TC (β = −0.00010, Q = 9.03, df = 1, p = 0.01), TG (β = 0.00012, Q = 6.23, df = 1, p = 0.01), and LDL (β = 0.00011, Q = 5.52, df = 1, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Wuqinxi may be an effective intervention to alleviate the cardiovascular disease risk factors of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
|