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Ríos A, López-Gómez S, Belmonte J, Balaguer A, Gutiérrez PR, Ruiz-Merino G, Ayala-García MA, Ramírez P, López-Navas AI. The Roma population's fear of donating their own organs for transplantation. Cir Esp 2023; 101:350-358. [PMID: 35777627 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2022.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The refusal rate for donating organs among the Roma people is much higher than that of any other social group. OBJECTIVE To analyze the attitude towards the donation of one's own organs among the Roma population living in Spain. METHOD . TYPE OF STUDY Spanish national observational sociological study stratified by gender and age. STUDY POPULATION Roma population aged ≥15 years living in Spain. SAMPLE SIZE 1,253 respondents. Assessment instrument: Validated questionnaire on attitude towards organ donation for transplantation "PCID - DTO Ríos". Field work: Random selection based on stratification. Anonymous and self-administered completion. The collaboration of people of Roma ethnicity was required. STATISTICS Student's t test, χ2, Fisher's exact test and a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The degree of completion was 18.2% (n = 228). Of those who completed the questionnaire, 42.1% (n = 96) were in favor of donation, 30.3% (n = 69) were undecided and the remaining 27.6% (n = 63) were against it. Of the 1,025 (81.8%) who declined to complete the questionnaire, 1,004 (98%) indicated that it was for fear of speaking about and filling in a questionnaire that raises the issue of death and organ donation after death. If those who did not complete the questionnaire due to fear of death and donating organs after death are considered not in favor, the results would be as follows: 7.8% (n = 96) in favor of donating their organs compared to 92.2% (n = 1166) not in favor (against or undecided). CONCLUSIONS A majority of the Roma population prefer not speak of death nor organ donation after death. These findings show that current campaigns to promote organ donation are not effective in this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ríos
- Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | - Javier Belmonte
- Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante, Murcia, Spain; Unidad de Trasplante. Servicio de Cirugía, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Andrés Balaguer
- Unidad de Trasplante. Servicio de Cirugía, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro R Gutiérrez
- Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante, Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Urología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias (CHUC), Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Ruiz-Merino
- Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias de la Región de Murcia (FFIS), Murcia, Spain
| | - Marco Antonio Ayala-García
- Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante, Murcia, Spain; Hospital Regional General Número 58 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Delegación de Guanajuato, Guanajuato. México
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía, Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Unidad de Trasplante. Servicio de Cirugía, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel López-Navas
- Proyecto Colaborativo Internacional Donante, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
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Ríos A, López-Gómez S, Belmonte J, Balaguer A, Gutiérrez PR, Ruiz-Merino G, Ayala-García MA, Ramírez P, López-Navas AI. La población gitana tiene miedos sobre la donación de órganos propios para trasplante. Cir Esp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Plaza del Pino FJ, Arrogante O, Gallego-Gómez JI, Simonelli-Muñoz AJ, Castro-Luna G, Jiménez-Rodríguez D. Romani Women and Health: The Need for a Cultural Safety-Based Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020271. [PMID: 35206885 PMCID: PMC8872497 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Romani are the main European ethnic minority. The Romani people’s situation of social vulnerability and their difficulties accessing the health system make their health indicators worse than those of the non-Romani population. The present study will delve into health beliefs, and experiences with health services and professionals, through the perspectives of Romani women. In this qualitative study, 16 women of different ages were interviewed in a city located in the South of Spain. Four themes emerged from the analysis of the data: the construction of the identity of Romani women, difficulties in life, health and disease beliefs and barriers to accessing the health system. We conclude that every project for the improvement of the health of the Romani community must take into account the active participation of Romani women and must consider the principles of Cultural Safety, by delving into the intercultural training of health professionals and addressing the social determinants of health which affect the Romani collective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Jesús Plaza del Pino
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.J.S.-M.); (G.C.-L.); (D.J.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Oscar Arrogante
- Red Cross University College of Nursing, Spanish Red Cross, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juana Inés Gallego-Gómez
- Faculty of Nursing, Campus de los Jerónimos s/n., Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Agustín Javier Simonelli-Muñoz
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.J.S.-M.); (G.C.-L.); (D.J.-R.)
| | - Gracia Castro-Luna
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.J.S.-M.); (G.C.-L.); (D.J.-R.)
| | - Diana Jiménez-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.J.S.-M.); (G.C.-L.); (D.J.-R.)
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Beaumont A, Durand C, Ledrans M, Schwoebel V, Noel H, Le Strat Y, Diulius D, Colombain L, Médus M, Gueudet P, Mouly D, Aumaître H. Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in a vulnerable population in France: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e053201. [PMID: 34815286 PMCID: PMC8611237 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the level of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in socially deprived neighbourhoods after the first wave of the pandemic, and to identify factors associated with seropositivity. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Three socially deprived neighbourhoods of the city of Perpignan, in the south of France, where large settled Roma communities live. PARTICIPANTS People aged 6 years old or over, living in the study area. 700 people were included in the study using two-stage stratified sampling design. INTERVENTIONS The study included a questionnaire and SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing by the Roche Elecsys immunoassay between 29 June and 17 July 2020. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence was estimated from weighted data. Associated factors and reported symptoms were investigated using univariable and multivariable logistic regressions. RESULTS The seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 35.4% (95% CI 30.2% to 41.0%). People aged 15-64 years old had increased odds of being seropositive than those aged 65 years or over. Obese people had higher odds of being seropositive (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.8). The odds of being seropositive were higher in households with clinical COVID-19 cases (one case: aOR=2.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.0; several cases: aOR=6.9, 95% CI 3.1 to 15.2). In the neighbourhood with the highest measured seroprevalence, people living in a dwelling with one to two rooms had higher odds of being seropositive than those living in a four-room house (aOR=2.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.3). Working during the lockdown was associated with lower odds of being seropositive (aOR=0.2, 95% CI 0.03 to 1.0). CONCLUSION Transmission of SARS-COV-2 in this vulnerable population was very high during the COVID-19 pandemic's first wave. Our results highlight the need to strengthen and adapt preventive measures taking into account all social determinants of health, especially housing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Beaumont
- Santé publique France, Direction des régions, Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Durand
- Santé publique France, Direction des régions, Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Martine Ledrans
- Santé publique France, Direction des régions, Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Schwoebel
- Santé publique France, Direction des régions, Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Harold Noel
- Santé publique France, Direction des maladies infectieuses, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Yann Le Strat
- Santé publique France, Direction appui traitements et analyses des données, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Donatien Diulius
- Agence régionale de Santé Occitanie, délégation départementale Pyrénées Orientales, Perpignan, France
| | - Léa Colombain
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Perpignan Hospital Center, Perpignan, France
| | - Marie Médus
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Perpignan Hospital Center, Perpignan, France
| | - Philippe Gueudet
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biology, Perpignan Hospital Center, Perpignan, France
| | - Damien Mouly
- Santé publique France, Direction des régions, Occitanie, Toulouse, France
| | - Hugues Aumaître
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Perpignan Hospital Center, Perpignan, France
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The Țigani Community Adaptability to Changes in Rural Romania and the COVID-19 Impact. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010622. [PMID: 34682367 PMCID: PMC8535995 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Romanian rural villages are struggling to survive present times when youngsters leave for a better life in the city while elders work the land like a hundred years ago. Our paper integrates human environments research with public health preparedness, presenting the Țigani (Gypsy/Roma) ethnic group from rural Romania as an example to the world. The future security of mankind will require a new understanding of the human place in its environment. That will lead to a new society, not the most powerful or intelligent, but the one that is more adaptable to changes, with sensitive and interconnected community members. Therefore, the Țigani ethnic group that fought for its rights and flourished despite unfavorable odds, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic, represents the best example for a new world that prioritizes humans, promotes health and wellbeing, facilitating innovation and transformative networks environmental integration. This research attempts to quantify the Țigani′s unique attributes that helped their communities survive and made them more adaptive to change. Always marginalized, they identified the other ethnic groups’ weaknesses to penetrate the villages and learned to use the smartphone apps to communicate, for their trades, coppersmith, metal roof tiles and drainage systems. Our research was based on Geographical Information System, Microsoft Power Bi analytics data visualization tools and statistical analysis with SPSS V20 to demonstrate what enables their flourishing and what resistance they face locally. We argue that the Țigani′s intense social cooperation, strong sense of family, community and mutual assistance helped them to fight COVID-19, generating their significant adaptability to the societal changes and their power to keep intact their cultural identity. The results show how the constant growing Țigani population changed and may change Romania′s rural environments in the future.
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Pavlikova B, Freel L, van Dijk JP. To Comply or Not to Comply: Roma Approach to Health Laws. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3087. [PMID: 32365484 PMCID: PMC7246461 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
According to the general public in Slovakia, compliance with the law is problematic when it comes to Roma and health. Roma compliance with laws has not yet been studied. The aim of this is study was to explore the determinants of Roma behavior in the field of health laws. We used the concept of a semi-autonomous field proposed by Moore (1973) and the theory of planned behavior by Ajzen (1985). We found that Roma (non-)compliance with health laws was influenced by many different factors, such as beliefs, traditions, living conditions and culture. Group beliefs overrule national laws and also individual preferences, which tend to be subordinate to the group view. The less contact Roma from settlements have with non-Roma, the stronger their own rules are in the field of health. Roma health status is influenced by many factors: group beliefs and community traditions are stronger and overrule individual and state behavioral influence. A community-based participatory approach together with improvement of living conditions in cooperation with Roma is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pavlikova
- Research Agency, 831 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Labor Law and Social Welfare Law, Faculty of Law, Comenius University, 810 00 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Freel
- Department of Labor Law and Social Welfare Law, Faculty of Law, Comenius University, 810 00 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jitse P. van Dijk
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
- Theological Faculty, Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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