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Wang Z, Liu Y, Zhang A, Yang L, Wei C, Chen Y, Liu Z, Li Z. Occurrence characteristics, environmental trend, and source analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the water environment of industrial zones. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118053. [PMID: 38160976 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The middle reaches of the Yellow River are rich in energy resources, with the Kuye River, a first-class river in this region, serving as a vital hub for the coal chemical industry within China. This study investigated the occurrence patterns, environmental trends, and ecological risks associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Kuye River Basin, offering insights into the environmental dynamics of regions. The findings indicated that the river sediments primarily contained PAHs with medium to high-molecular weights, exhibiting levels ranging from 402.92 ng/g dw to 16,783.72 ng/g dw, while water bodies predominantly featured PAHs with low to medium molecular weights, ranging from 299.34 ng/L to 10,930.9 ng/L. The source analysis of PAHs indicated that industrial and traffic exhaust emissions were the primary contributors to PAHs in the Kuye basin, with sediments serving as a secondary release source based on fugacity fraction. The content of PAHs in sediment correlated closely with the environmental factors, and the PAHs inventory of the basin was 19.97 tons. The increased overall PAH concentration in the basin posed significant ecological and public health concerns, necessitating urgent attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Aining Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yan Xiang Road. No.97, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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Sun J, Huang X, Song X, Tang R, Zhao M, Cai B, Wang H, Han Z, Liu Y, Fan Z. New insights into health risk assessment on soil trace metal(loid)s: Model improvement and parameter optimization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131919. [PMID: 37402323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Trace metal(loid)s (TMs) in soils may pose potential health risks to humans. Due to model uncertainty and variability of exposure parameters, the traditional health risk assessment (HRA) model may lead to inaccurate risk assessment results. Therefore, this study developed an improved HRA model to assess health risks by combining two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation (2-D MCS) with a Logistic Chaotic sequence based on published data from 2000 to 2021. The results showed children and adult females were the high-risks populations for Non-carcinogenic risk and Carcinogenic risk, respectively. Meanwhile, children's Ingestion rate (IngR < 160.233 mg/day) and adult females' Skin adherence factor (0.026 mg/(cm2•d) < AF < 0.263 mg/(cm2•d)) were used as recommended exposure to make the health risk within acceptable range. Additionally, when performing risk assessment using actual exposure parameters, priority control TMs were identified, with As being the priority control TM for Southwest China and Inner Mongolia, whereas Cr and Pb for Tibet and Yunnan, respectively. Compared to health risk assessment, improved models increased risk assessment accuracy and provided recommended exposure parameter for high-risk populations. This study will provide new insights for soil-related health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinmiao Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoyong Song
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Menglu Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Boya Cai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zilin Han
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- School of Resoureces and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Guo J, Chen W, Wu M, Qu C, Sun H, Guo J. Distribution, Sources, and Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Water from Beiluo River, Loess Plateau, China. TOXICS 2023; 11:496. [PMID: 37368595 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The Loess Plateau has been a focus of public discussion and environmental concerns over the past three decades. In this study, in order to investigate the effect of OCP pollution in water of the Beiluo River, concentrations of 25 OCPs at 17 locations in the water were examined. The results showed that the concentration of ∑OCPs in the water ranged from 1.76 to 32.57 ng L-1, with an average concentration of 7.23 ng L-1. Compared with other basins in China and abroad, the OCP content in the Beiluo River was at a medium level. Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) pollution in the Beiluo River was mainly from the mixed input of lindane and technical HCHs. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) pollution was mainly from the mixed input of technical DDTs and dicofol. Most of the OCP pollution came from historical residues. The risk assessment results showed that hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and endosulfan had high ecological risks in the middle and lower reaches of the Beiluo River. Most residual OCPs were not sufficient to pose carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks to humans. The results of this study can provide a reference for OCP prevention and control and watershed environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipu Guo
- State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Xi'an 710100, China
| | - Wenwu Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710100, China
| | - Menglei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation, School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Chengkai Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haotian Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710100, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710100, China
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He F, Liu R. Mechanistic insights into phenanthrene-triggered oxidative stress-associated neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, and behavioral disturbances toward the brandling worm (Eisenia fetida) brain: The need for an ecotoxicological evaluation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 450:131072. [PMID: 36857826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, earthworm (Eisenia fetida) brain was chosen as targeted receptors to probe the mechanisms of oxidative stress-related neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, and behavioral disturbances triggered by PHE. Results showed that PHE stress can initiate significant amounts of ROS, thus triggering oxidative stress in E. fetida brain. These effects were accompanied by a significant increase of damage to macromolecules DNA and lipids, resulting in severe oxidative effects. PHE exposure can induce AChE inhibition by ROS-induced injury and the accumulation of excess ACh at the nicotinic post-synaptic membrane, thus inducing aggravated neurological dysfunction and neurotoxicity of E. fetida through an oxidative stress pathway. Moreover, the burrowing behavior of earthworms was disturbed by oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity after exposure to PHE. Furthermore, the abnormal mRNA expression profiles of oxidative stress- and neurotoxicity-related genes in worm brain were induced by PHE stress. The IBR results suggested that E. fetida brain was suffered more serious damage caused by PHE under higher doses and long-term exposure. Taken together, PHE exposure can trigger oxidative stress-mediated neurotoxicity and genotoxicity in worm brain and behavioral disorder through ROS-induced damage. This study is of great significance to evaluate the harmful effects of PHE and its mechanisms on soil ecological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falin He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China.
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Tommasi F, Lyons DM, Pagano G, Oral R, Thomas PJ, Eccles KM, Tez S, Toscanesi M, Giarra A, Siciliano A, Dipierro N, Gjata I, Guida M, Libralato G, Jaklin A, Burić P, Kovačić I, Trifuoggi M. Geospatial pattern of topsoil pollution and multi-endpoint toxicity in the petrochemical area of Augusta-Priolo (eastern Sicily, Italy). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138802. [PMID: 37146778 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at identifying geospatial patterns of pollutants including concentrations and toxicity as complex environmental mixtures, in topsoil samples close to petrochemical facilities in the heavily industrialized area of Augusta and Priolo in south-eastern Sicily (Italy). Elemental analysis of soil was conducted by ICP-MS for 23 metals and 16 rare earth elements (REEs). Organic analyses were primarily focused on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (16 parent homologs) and total aliphatic hydrocarbons (C10 - C40). Topsoil samples were tested for toxicity in multiple bioassay models including: 1) developmental defects and cytogenetic anomalies in sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis early life stages; 2) growth inhibition of diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum; 3) mortality in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans; and 4) induction of mitotic abnormalities in onion Allium cepa. Samples collected at sites closest to defined petrochemical facilities were highest in select pollutants and correlated with biological effects in different toxicity endpoints. A noteworthy finding was the increased level of total REEs in sites closest to petrochemical facilities, suggesting their contributions to identifying petrochemical sources of pollutants to the environment. The combined data obtained in the different bioassays allowed exploration of geospatial patterns of effect in biota as a function of contaminant levels. In conclusion, this study provides consistent data of soil toxicity, metal and REE contamination at Augusta-Priolo sampling sites, and may provide an appropriate baseline for epidemiological studies on high incidences of congenital birth defects in the area and identification of at-risk localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Tommasi
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rahime Oral
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Kristin M Eccles
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of the National Toxicology Program, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | - Serkan Tez
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Giarra
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Nunzio Dipierro
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Isidora Gjata
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Biology, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Biology, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrej Jaklin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | - Ines Kovačić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy
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Zhang Q, Shi B, Su G, Zhao X, Meng J, Sun B, Li Q, Dai L. Application of a hybrid GEM-CMB model for source apportionment of PAHs in soil of complex industrial zone. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130565. [PMID: 37055973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Accurate source apportionment is essential for preventing the contamination of pervasive industrial zones. However, a limitation of traditional receptor models is their negligence of transmission loss, which consequently reduces their accuracy. Herein, chemical mass balance (CMB) and generic environmental model (GEM) was fused into a new method, which was employed to determine the traceability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a complex zone containing three coking plants, two steel plants, and one energy plant. Five categories of fingerprints comprising various compounds were established for the six plant sources where seven PAHs with low-high rings were screened as the best. Considering volatilization, dry deposition, and advective and dispersive transport, the GEM model generated 232 "compartments" in multimedia to capture subtle variations of PAHs during transmission. More than 90 % of the transmission of the seven PAHs varied between 0.4 % and 6.0 %. Over pure CMB model, acceptable results and best-fit results improved by 1.6-44.4 % and 0.3-80.8 % in the GEM-CMB model. Additionally, the coking, steel, and energy industries accounted for 36.4-56.1 %, 25.6-41.7 %, and 18.3-23.6 % of PAHs sources at four receptor points, respectively. Furthermore, quantifying contaminant loss rendered the traceability results more realistic, judged by distances and discharge capacities. Accordingly, these outcomes can help in precisely determining soil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guijin Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bohua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingwen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Ambade B, Sethi SS, Chintalacheruvu MR. Distribution, risk assessment, and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using positive matrix factorization (PMF) in urban soils of East India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:491-505. [PMID: 35201547 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated 16 United States environmental protection agency priority PAHs profiles and their sources in 40 urban soils collected from two industrialised cities, Jamshedpur and Bokaro, in east India and assessed their health risk to humans. The results showed the predominance of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs (4-5 rings). The total PAHs concentration in surface soils ranged from 2223 to 11,266 ng/g and 729 to 5359 ng/g (dw), respectively, for Jamshedpur and Bokaro. Higher concentrations of PAHs were recorded at the selected industrial areas and heavy traffic zones of both cities. In JSR city 4-ring PAHs contributed 43% of total PAHs trailed by 5-ring PAHs 27.2%. Similarly, in BKR city 4-ring PAHs contributed 34% of the total PAHs, followed by 3-ring PAHs 28.9% and 5-ring PAHs 22.9%. Total organic carbon in surface soils exhibited moderate correlation with the low molecular weight (ΣLMW) PAHs (R2 = 0.69) and a comparatively strong correlation with the ΣHMW PAHs (R2 = 0.89), suggesting strong adsorption of HMW PAHs to urban soils. The Diagnostic and PMF modelling analysis indicated that the major sources of PAHs contamination in soils were petroleum combustion, vehicular emissions, biomass, and coal combustion. The health risk assessment shows that the cumulative probability of carcinogenic risks was under the acceptable limits of 10-4 to 10-6. At some sampling areas in both cities, the maximum value of total exposure cancer risk slightly exceeded the acceptable limits indicating some carcinogenic risk for adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balram Ambade
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831014, India.
| | - Shrikanta Shankar Sethi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831014, India
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Sun H, Chen Q, Chen W, Qu C, Mo J, Song J, Guo J, Tian Y. Assessment of biological community in riparian zone contaminated by PAHs: Linking source apportionment to biodiversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158121. [PMID: 35988620 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Riparian zone, an important land-water interface, plays an essential role in maintaining the ecological health of rivers, whereas the effects of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the health of biological communities in riparian groundwater remain undetermined. To understand the responses of multiple communities to environmental variables, the distribution and ecosystem risk of 16 PAHs have been investigated in the Beiluo River, China. The distribution of multiple communities in riparian groundwater was investigated by environmental DNA metabarcoding, including 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and COI gene sequencing for bacteria, microbial eukaryotes (including algae, fungi, and protozoa), and metazoan, respectively, followed by correlation analysis between multiple communities and PAH contamination levels. The concentration of PAHs in the Beiluo River ranged largely from 35.32 to 728.59 ng/L. Here, the Shannon's diversity index of bacteria (Firmicutes) decreased possibly due to the occurrence of Pyrene, which mainly derives from coal and biomass combustion. Furthermore, the reduced richness of fungi (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) and algae (Chlorophyta, Chrysophyceae) can be attributed to the presence of medium molecular weight (MMW) PAHs (Pyrene, Benz(a)anthracene, Chrysene), and low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs (Naphthalene, Fluorene, Phenanthrene). The richness and Shannon's diversity index of metazoan (Arthropoda) were promoted owing to MMW PAHs (Chrysene, Fluoranthene) generated from coal and biomass combustion and traffic emission. The ecological risk of PAHs in the groundwater environment of the Beiluo River was characterized as low to medium, where LMW and MMW PAHs posed higher risk than the high molecular weight (HMW) compounds. Overall, this study provides insights into the structures of riparian multi-biological communities altered by PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Qiqi Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Wenwu Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Chengkai Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiezhang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinxi Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Yulu Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
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9
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Determination of Unmetabolized Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Urine of Occupationally Exposed Persons in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-022-00491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zhang Y, Cheng D, Lei Y, Song J, Xia J. Spatiotemporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of a typical river located in the Loess Plateau, China: Influence of human activities and land-use changes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127744. [PMID: 34839980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Loess Plateau, as the key energy base of China, has sensitive responses to the global changes, and receives polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from anthropogenic activities. However, understanding how anthropogenic and climate factors affect synergistically the PAHs distribution in this vulnerable ecological environment is deficient. Here the spatiotemporal distribution of PAHs in sediments from a typical river of the Loess Plateau were investigated. The PAHs were mainly from coal combustion in the range of 194-514 ng g-1, and their concentrations were generally higher in normal season than wet season as the dilution effect of high river discharge and strong precipitation. The interactive effects of land-use and precipitation showed PAHs enriched in forest-grass land were transferred into rivers through surface and subsurface runoff during light rainfall, resulting in the increase of the PAHs concentrations in river sediments. In contrast, large precipitation in wet season would obscure any spatial variations. In addition, human activities, especially energy production, directly enhanced PAHs accumulation in river sediments due to the emission from the production processing of oil and coal, and indirectly influenced the PAHs by impacting the per capita GDP. These findings had important implications for the management and prediction of PAH accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Dandong Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Yali Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; SINOMA International Engineering CO., LTD., Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Jinxi Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Jun Xia
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China; Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Yi M, Zhang L, Qin C, Lu P, Bai H, Han X, Yuan S. Temporal changes of microbial community structure and nitrogen cycling processes during the aerobic degradation of phenanthrene. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131709. [PMID: 34340117 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthrene (PHE) is frequently detected in worldwide soils. But it is still not clear that how the microbial community succession happens and the nitrogen-cycling processes alter during PHE degradation. In this study, the temporal changes of soil microbial community composition and nitrogen-cycling processes during the biodegradation of PHE (12 μg g-1) were explored. The results showed that the biodegradation of PHE followed the second-order kinetics with a half-life of 7 days. QPCR results demonstrated that the bacteria numbers increased by 67.1%-194.7% with PHE degradation, whereas, no significant change was observed in fungi numbers. Thus, high-throughput sequencing based on 16 S rRNA was conducted and showed that the abundances of Methylotenera, Comamonadaceae, and Nocardioides involved in PHE degradation and denitrification were significantly increased, while those of nitrogen-metabolism-related genera such as Nitrososphaeraceae, Nitrospira, Gemmatimonadacea were decreased in PHE-treated soil. Co-occurrence network analysis suggested that more complex interrelations were constructed, and Proteobacteria instead of Acidobacteriota formed intimate associations with other microbes in responding to PHE exposure. Additionally, the abundances of nifH and narG were significantly up-regulated in PHE-treated soil, while that of amoA especially AOAamoA was down-regulated. Finally, correlation analysis found several potential microbes (Methylotenera, Comamonadaceae, and Agromyces) that could couple PHE degradation and nitrogen transformation. This study confirmed that PHE could alter microbial community structure, change the native bacterial network, and disturb nitrogen-cycling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yi
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cunli Qin
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Peili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongcheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinkuan Han
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Shupei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
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Zhang T, Liu F, Yu X, Jiang X, Cui Y, Li M. Risk assessment and ecotoxicological diagnosis of soil from a chemical industry park in Nanjing, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1303-1314. [PMID: 33405002 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution due to the activities of industrial parks, is becoming an increasingly serious issue, particularly throughout China. Therefore, it is essential to explore the soil pollution characteristics and its ecotoxicological effects on model species, such as higher plant species, in typical industrial areas. In this study, concentrations of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were examined in the soil collected from 10 sampling sites at a chemical industry park in Nanjing, China. The pollution index was used to assess the heavy metal pollution level of soils, while the hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk index (RI) were calculated to assess the human health risk of soil PAHs. In addition, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was used as the model species to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of polluted soil in pot experiments. Results showed that the content of heavy metals and PAHs varied greatly in soil samples, among which the heavy metal pollution at S1, S2 and S3 was the most serious. The health risk assessment of PAHs indicated that non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic values for all soil samples were below the threshold levels. Statistical analysis of the correlation between contaminated soil and toxic effects in wheat found that the significance values of regression equations were all less than 0.05 for chlorophyll content, peroxidase (POD) and amylase (AMS) activity. This indicates that the chlorophyll content, POD and AMS activity in wheat leaves could be suitable biomarkers for evaluation of the combined toxicity of multiple pollutants. This study provides a reference for future research on the risk assessment of soil containing multiple pollutants from industrial chemical parks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, China
| | - Xiezhi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yibin Cui
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Mapping the Finer-Scale Carcinogenic Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Soil-A Case Study of Shenzhen City, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186735. [PMID: 32947814 PMCID: PMC7559718 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The high-precision mapping of urban health risk is a difficult problem due to the high heterogeneity of the urban environment. In this paper, the spatial distribution characteristics of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) content in the urban soil of Shenzhen City were analyzed through a field investigation. We propose an approach for improving the accuracy and spatial resolution of PAH carcinogenic risk assessment by integrating the pollutant distribution and Location Based Service (LBS) data. The results showed that the concentration of PAHs in the high-density urban area was 271.67 ng g−1, which was 27.2% higher than that in the green area. Although the average carcinogenic risk of PAHs in the surface soil of Shenzhen city was less than 10−6, the maximum carcinogenic risk at some sample sites exceeded 10−6, which indicates a potential health risk. The LBS data were effective for high-precision mapping of the population distribution. According to the combination relationship between the risk threshold of pollutants and the population density, four types of risk zones were proposed. Among them, 6.9% of the areas had a high-risk and high population density and 15.8% of the areas were high-risk with a low population density. These two kinds of zones were the critical areas for controlling risk. The fine-scale risk mapping approach for determining the carcinogenic risk of soil PAHs integrating pollutant distribution and location based service data was demonstrated to be a useful tool for explicit spatial risk management. This tool could provide spatial insights and decision support for urban health-risk management and pollution prevention.
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