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Greco M, Al-Enezi E, Amao A, Francescangeli F, Cavaliere M, Bucci C, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Pawlowski J, Frontalini F. Deciphering the impact of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) on benthic foraminiferal communities: Insights from Cell-Tracker Green staining and eDNA metabarcoding. J Hazard Mater 2024; 466:133652. [PMID: 38309158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the ecotoxicological effects of BDE-209, a persistent organic pollutant (POP) prevalent in Kuwait's coastal-industrial areas, on benthic foraminiferal communities. We conducted a mesocosm experiment in which we exposed benthic foraminiferal communities sampled from the coastal-industrial areas of Kuwait to a gradient of BDE-209 concentrations (0.01 to 20 mg/kg). The impact of exposure was assessed using live-staining and metabarcoding techniques. Despite the significantly different taxonomic compositions detected by the two techniques, our results show that BDE-209 significantly affects foraminiferal communities, with moderately high concentrations leading to reduced α-diversity and considerable taxonomic shifts in both molecular and morphological assemblages. At concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/kg, no living foraminifera were detected after 8 weeks, suggesting a threshold for their survival under BDE-209 exposure. The parallel responses of molecular and morphological communities confirm the reliability of both assessment methods. This study is the first to investigate the reaction of eukaryotic communities, specifically foraminifera, to POPs such as BDE-209, generating valuable insights that have the potential to enhance field studies and aid the refinement of sediment quality guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Greco
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eqbal Al-Enezi
- Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait.
| | - Abduljamiu Amao
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, College of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, P.O. Box 5070, 31261 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fabio Francescangeli
- Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 6, 1700 Fribourg/Freiburg, Switzerland.
| | - Marco Cavaliere
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Urbino University, Campus Scientifico, via Ca le Suore 2/4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Carla Bucci
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Urbino University, Campus Scientifico, via Ca le Suore 2/4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Jan Pawlowski
- ID-Gene ecodiagnostics Ltd, 109 ch. du Pont-du-Centenaire, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland; Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, Sopot 81-712, Poland.
| | - Fabrizio Frontalini
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Urbino University, Campus Scientifico, via Ca le Suore 2/4, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
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2
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Albarano L, De Rosa I, Santaniello I, Montuori M, Serafini S, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Lofrano G, Guida M, Libralato G. Synergistic, antagonistic, and additive effects of naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and benzo(k)fluoranthene on Artemia franciscana nauplii and adult. Environ Pollut 2023; 335:122286. [PMID: 37524240 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread across the globe and can be highly toxic for the marine environment. This research investigated the short-term (48 h of exposure) effects of PAHs mixtures on the nauplii and adult of crustacean Artemia franciscana considering the impact in term of toxicity and changes in gene expression. Results showed that all combinations caused additive or synergic effects with the exception of naphthalene + phenanthrene (NAP + PHE; Combination Index (CI) = 22.3), while naphthalene + benzo(k)fluoranthene (NAP + BkF; CI = 7.8) mixture evidenced an antagonistic effect. Real-time qPCR showed that all mixtures impacted the expression level of the five known genes involved in Artemia stress response. The effects of PAHs at environmental concentrations on both adult and nauplii suggested the need for further investigations about the impact of such contaminants on the marine biota considering that crustaceans can accumulate PAHs at concentrations comparable to those assessed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Albarano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ilaria De Rosa
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilaria Santaniello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Montuori
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara Serafini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartiment of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartiment of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Movement, Health and Human Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
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3
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Arienzo M, Toscanesi M, Esposito M, Iaccarino D, Di Nocera F, Canzanella S, Ferrara L, Di Natale G, Trifuoggi M. Comparative study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in salt gland and liver of loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, Cheloniidae) stranded along the Mediterranean coast, Southern Italy. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 263:115355. [PMID: 37611477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, were determined in the liver and salt gland of 19 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta Linnaeus, Cheloniidae) stranded along the coasts of the south Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy, from 2019 to 2021. The 16 EPA's priority PAHs were determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The average values of ΣPAHs in liver, 139 ± 55.0, were exceptionally high and up to one hundred times those of literature and appeared even more worrying in salt gland, 320 ± 97.6 ng/g, w.w. Naphthalene was the predominant contributor to PAHs richness and accounted for 90.0% and 93.7% of ΣPAHs in the two matrices, highlighting the petrogenic source of exposure. An overall higher bioaccumulation of NAP, more than two-fold, was detected in salt gland and especially in female and adults. Data of PAHs richness highlighted a potential risk of neoplastic disease development and that anthropogenic activities may seriously impair healthy state conditions of C. caretta. populations in south Tyrrhenian Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Arienzo
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mauro Esposito
- Centro di referenza Nazionale per lo Studio e Analisi delle Correlazioni tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Portici, Italy; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2, Portici, Italy
| | - Doriana Iaccarino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2, Portici, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Nocera
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2, Portici, Italy
| | - Silvia Canzanella
- Centro di referenza Nazionale per lo Studio e Analisi delle Correlazioni tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Portici, Italy; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, via Salute, 2, Portici, Italy
| | - Luciano Ferrara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Natale
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
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4
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Addeo NF, Nocera FP, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Bovera F, De Martino L, De Prisco R. On effect of poultry manure treatment with Effective Microorganisms with or without zeolite. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:91189-91198. [PMID: 37474855 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition process of poultry manure is generally mediated by microorganisms, whose degradation activity has beneficial effects on soil fertility but, on the other hand, leads to the generation of malodour gas. Indeed, a relevant problem of poultry farms is represented by the release of bad smells, which are mainly a consequence of decomposition process of chicken feces, chicken bedding, plumes, dropped feed, and dust. Furthermore, the unpleasant odour, associated with poultry manure degradation, not only limits its use in agriculture but also negatively affects the housing communities located near the farms. This study aimed at evaluating the effects in vitro of different doses of Effective Microorganisms (EM), mainly consisting of live communities of lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, and yeasts, on poultry manure alone or with zeolite, a porous mineral with absorbent and ion-exchange properties, belonging to the family of aluminosilicates. The obtained results demonstrated that these treatments were able to reduce the poultry manure malodours, associated mainly with a decrease in the ammonia (NH3) levels with respect to controls. The pH tended to increase, the nitrogen to go down, and the phosphorus to go up. Thus, all the effects described above were evident, testifying to a slower degradation of proteins, both with EM alone or in combination with zeolite. The presence of a pool of pesticides (65 components) was evaluated, and no variation was observed in the different experimental conditions versus control, as well as for REEs and metals. In conclusion, these preliminary results demonstrated that the use of EM with or without the addition of zeolite is a valid tool to eliminate the bad smell of manure and to make it a useful product as a fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Francesco Addeo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Paola Nocera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137, Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvia Bovera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa De Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Rocco De Prisco
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli, Italy
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5
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Tommasi F, Lyons DM, Pagano G, Oral R, Thomas PJ, Eccles KM, Tez S, Toscanesi M, Giarra A, Siciliano A, Dipierro N, Gjata I, Guida M, Libralato G, Jaklin A, Burić P, Kovačić I, Trifuoggi M. Geospatial pattern of topsoil pollution and multi-endpoint toxicity in the petrochemical area of Augusta-Priolo (eastern Sicily, Italy). Chemosphere 2023; 333:138802. [PMID: 37146778 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at identifying geospatial patterns of pollutants including concentrations and toxicity as complex environmental mixtures, in topsoil samples close to petrochemical facilities in the heavily industrialized area of Augusta and Priolo in south-eastern Sicily (Italy). Elemental analysis of soil was conducted by ICP-MS for 23 metals and 16 rare earth elements (REEs). Organic analyses were primarily focused on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (16 parent homologs) and total aliphatic hydrocarbons (C10 - C40). Topsoil samples were tested for toxicity in multiple bioassay models including: 1) developmental defects and cytogenetic anomalies in sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis early life stages; 2) growth inhibition of diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum; 3) mortality in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans; and 4) induction of mitotic abnormalities in onion Allium cepa. Samples collected at sites closest to defined petrochemical facilities were highest in select pollutants and correlated with biological effects in different toxicity endpoints. A noteworthy finding was the increased level of total REEs in sites closest to petrochemical facilities, suggesting their contributions to identifying petrochemical sources of pollutants to the environment. The combined data obtained in the different bioassays allowed exploration of geospatial patterns of effect in biota as a function of contaminant levels. In conclusion, this study provides consistent data of soil toxicity, metal and REE contamination at Augusta-Priolo sampling sites, and may provide an appropriate baseline for epidemiological studies on high incidences of congenital birth defects in the area and identification of at-risk localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Tommasi
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rahime Oral
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Kristin M Eccles
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of the National Toxicology Program, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | - Serkan Tez
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Giarra
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Nunzio Dipierro
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Isidora Gjata
- University of Bari Aldo Moro, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Biology, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Biology, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrej Jaklin
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | - Ines Kovačić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126, Naples, Italy
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6
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Tommasi F, Thomas PJ, Lyons DM, Pagano G, Oral R, Siciliano A, Toscanesi M, Guida M, Trifuoggi M. Evaluation of Rare Earth Element-Associated Hormetic Effects in Candidate Fertilizers and Livestock Feed Additives. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2573-2581. [PMID: 35715718 PMCID: PMC10020260 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are recognized as emerging contaminants with implications in human and environmental health. Apart from their adverse effects, REEs have been reported as having positive effects when amended to fertilizers and livestock feed additives, thus suggesting a hormetic trend, implying a concentration-related shift from stimulation to inhibition and toxicity, with analogous trends that have been assessed for a number of xenobiotics. In view of optimizing the success of REE mixtures in stimulating crop yield and/or livestock growth or egg production, one should foresee the comparative concentration-related effects of individual REEs (e.g., Ce and La) vs. their mixtures, which may display distinct trends. The results might prompt further explorations on the use of REE mixtures vs. single REEs aimed at optimizing the preparation of fertilizers and feed additives, in view of the potential recognition of their use in agronomy and zootechny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Tommasi
- Department of Biology, "Aldo Moro" Bari University, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210 , Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, via Cintia, I-80126 , Naples, Italy.
| | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, via Cintia, I-80126 , Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 , Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, via Cintia, I-80126 , Naples, Italy
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7
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Albarano L, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Guida M, Lofrano G, Libralato G. In situ microcosm remediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons: influence and effectiveness of Nano-Zero Valent Iron and activated carbon. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:3235-3251. [PMID: 35943650 PMCID: PMC9892105 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22408-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) and activated carbon (AC) addition are ongoing techniques for the remediation of hydrophobic organic compound-contaminated sediment and water, but with still unexplored eco(toxico)logical implications, especially when applied in situ. In this study, we investigated AC and nZVI as remediation methods for marine contaminated sediment and water, including chemical and toxicity (Artemia franciscana survival and genotoxicity) surveys. The removal efficiency of AC and nZVI (about 99%) was similar in both sediment and seawater, while the survival of nauplii and adults was mainly impacted by nZVI than AC. At the molecular level, the nZVI-addition induced down-regulation in the expression of two stress and one developmental genes, whereas AC was able to up-regulated only one gene involved in stress response. Results suggested that the use of AC is safer than nZVI that requires further investigation and potential optimization to reduce secondary undesired effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Albarano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
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8
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Capriello T, Di Meglio G, De Maio A, Scudiero R, Bianchi AR, Trifuoggi M, Toscanesi M, Giarra A, Ferrandino I. Aluminium exposure leads to neurodegeneration and alters the expression of marker genes involved to parkinsonism in zebrafish brain. Chemosphere 2022; 307:135752. [PMID: 35863414 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium, despite being extremely widespread in the world, is a non-essential metal to human metabolism. This metal is known to have toxic effects on a variety of organs including the brain and is considered an etiological factor in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms by which aluminium exerts neurotoxic effects are not yet completely understood. Zebrafish is an animal model also used to study neurodegenerative diseases since the overall anatomical organization of the central nervous system is relatively conserved and similar to mammals. Adult zebrafish were exposed to 11 mg/L of Al for 10, 15, and 20 days and the neurotoxic effects of aluminium were analysed by histological, biochemical, and molecular evaluations. Histological stainings allowed to evaluation of the morphology of the brain parenchyma, the alteration of myelin and the activation of neurodegenerative processes. The expression of the Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, a marker of glial cells, was evaluated to observe the quantitative alteration of this important protein for the nervous system. In addition, the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity was measured to verify a possible oxidative DNA damage caused by exposure to this metal. Finally, the evaluation of the markers involved in Parkinsonism was assessed by Real-Time PCR to better understand the role of aluminium in the regulation of genes related to Parkinson's neurodegenerative disease. Data showed that aluminium significantly affected the histology of cerebral tissue especially in the first periods of exposure, 10 and 15 days. This trend was also followed by the expression of GFAP. At longer exposure times, there was an improvement/stabilization of the overall neurological conditions and decrease in PARP activity. In addition, aluminium is involved in the deregulation of the expression of genes closely related to Parkinsonism. Overall, the data confirm the neurotoxicity induced by aluminium and shed a light on its involvement in neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Capriello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Di Meglio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Anna De Maio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Scudiero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Anna Rita Bianchi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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9
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Nunzio AD, Giarra A, Toscanesi M, Amoresano A, Piscopo M, Ceretti E, Zani C, Lorenzetti S, Trifuoggi M, Montano L. Comparison between Macro and Trace Element Concentrations in Human Semen and Blood Serum in Highly Polluted Areas in Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191811635. [PMID: 36141930 PMCID: PMC9517217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Macro and trace elements are important regulators of biological processes, including those ones linked to reproduction. Among them, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, and Zn ensure normal spermatic functions. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of 26 macro and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, U, V, and Zn) in blood serum and also in semen of healthy young men, homogeneous for age, anthropometric characteristics, and lifestyle, living in three highly polluted areas in Italy. Furthermore, a comparison among three geographical areas was performed to highlight any difference in the investigated parameters and, overall, to speculate any correlations between chemical elements and semen quality. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) among the three areas were found for each investigated element, in both semen and serum samples, where inter-area differences were more evident in semen than in blood serum, suggesting human semen as an early environmental marker. Considering the homogeneity of three cohorts, these differences could be due more to environmental conditions in the recruiting areas, suggesting that variations in those involved in reproductive-associated pathways can have an impact on male fertility. Nevertheless, more research is needed to evaluate threshold values for sperm dysfunction and male infertility. Actually, the role of different dietary intake and environmental exposure underlying the observed differences in the recruiting areas is under further investigation for the same cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Di Nunzio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi-Consorzio Interuniversitario, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ceretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Zani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL) Salerno, Coordination Unit of the Network for Environmental and Reproductive Health (EcoFoodFertility Project), Italy “Oliveto Citra Hospital”, Oliveto Citra, 84020 Salerno, Italy
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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10
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Nolasco A, Squillante J, Esposito F, Velotto S, Romano R, Aponte M, Giarra A, Toscanesi M, Montella E, Cirillo T. Coffee Silverskin: Chemical and Biological Risk Assessment and Health Profile for Its Potential Use in Functional Foods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182834. [PMID: 36140962 PMCID: PMC9498437 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The coffee supply chain is characterized by a complex network with many critical and unsustainable points producing a huge amount of waste products. Among these, coffee silverskin (CS), the only by-product of the coffee roasting phase, has an interesting chemical profile that suggests potential use as a food ingredient. However, few data on its safety are available. For this reason, the purpose of the study was to assess the occurrence of chemical and biological contaminants in CS, and the resulting risk due to its potential consumption. Essential, toxic, and rare earth elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), process contaminants, ochratoxin A (OTA), and pesticides residues were analyzed in three classes of samples (Coffea arabica CS, Coffea robusta CS, and their blend). Furthermore, total mesophilic bacteria count (TMBC) at 30 °C, Enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, and molds was evaluated. The risk assessment was based upon the hazard index (HI) and lifetime cancer risk (LTCR). In all varieties and blends, rare earth elements, pesticides, process contaminants, OTA, and PAHs were not detected except for chrysene, phenanthrene, and fluoranthene, which were reported at low concentrations only in the arabica CS sample. Among essential and toxic elements, As was usually the most representative in all samples. Microorganisms reported a low load, although arabica and robusta CS showed lower contamination than mixed CS. Instead, the risk assessment based on the potential consumption of CS as a food ingredient did not show either non-carcinogenic or carcinogenic risk. Overall, this study provides adequate evidence to support the safety of this by-product for its potential use in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Nolasco
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, Portici, 100-80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Jonathan Squillante
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, Portici, 100-80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Esposito
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Salvatore Velotto
- Department of Promotion of Human Sciences and the Quality of Life, University of Study of Roma “San Raffaele”, Via di Val Cannuta, 247-00166 Roma, Italy
| | - Raffaele Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, Portici, 100-80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Aponte
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, Portici, 100-80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia, 21-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia, 21-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Emma Montella
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Cirillo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, Portici, 100-80055 Naples, Italy
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11
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Prigioniero A, Zuzolo D, Niinemets Ü, Postiglione A, Mercurio M, Izzo F, Trifuoggi M, Toscanesi M, Scarano P, Tartaglia M, Sciarrillo R, Guarino C. Particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon uptake in relation to leaf surface functional traits in Mediterranean evergreens: Potentials for air phytoremediation. J Hazard Mater 2022; 435:129029. [PMID: 35525010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We explored relationships between particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) leaf concentrations, uptake rates and leaf surface functional traits in four Mediterranean evergreen trees (Chamaerops humilis, Citrus × aurantium, Magnolia grandiflora, and Quercus ilex) during a dry month. Pollutant leaf concentration at different dates and uptake rate were correlated. We quantified PM by gravimetric analysis, PAHs were extracted from intact and dewaxed leaves and analyzed by GC-MS, and cuticle thickness, number and surface of stomata (Ns and SS) and trichomes (Nt and St) were determined by optical microscopy. Infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the leaves surfaces composition and assess esterification index (E). Studied species were characterized by unique combinations of functional traits and pollutant uptake capacities. PM10 uptake scaled positively with SS, St and upper cuticle thickness (Tc,u) across species. PM2.5 uptake scaled positively with Tc,u, and thicker cuticles were also associated with greater shares of uptake of hydrophobic PM fractions. Uptakes of different fractions of PAH were generally weakly related to different leaf functional traits, except for some correlations with E and SS. We conclude that both plant surface morphological and chemical leaf traits influence PM and PAH retention, unveiling their potential role in air phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Prigioniero
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Daniela Zuzolo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy.
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - Alessia Postiglione
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Mariano Mercurio
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Scarano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Maria Tartaglia
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Rosaria Sciarrillo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Carmine Guarino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy
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12
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Corniello A, Guida M, Stellato L, Trifuoggi M, Carraturo F, Del Gaudio E, Del Giudice C, Forte G, Giarra A, Iorio M, Marzaioli F, Toscanesi M. Hydrochemical, isotopic and microbiota characterization of telese mineral waters (Southern Italy). Environ Geochem Health 2022; 44:1949-1970. [PMID: 33438150 PMCID: PMC9177486 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The study deals with the analyses of springs and wells at the base of Montepugliano Hill that represents the SE edge of the wide carbonate Matese massif (Campania, southern Italy). At the base of the hill, from west to east and for almost one kilometre, cold springs HCO3-Ca type (Grassano springs, ~ 4.5 m3/s; TDS: about 0.45 g/L) pass to hypothermal, HCO3-Ca type, sulphurous and CO2-rich springs (~ 1 m3/s with TDS > 1 g/L). Some of the latter are widely used in Telese Spa and Centro Relax Spa. Chemical and isotopic analyses carried out for this study support the hypothesis that all these waters (mineral and non-mineral) have the same catchment area, which is located in the Matese massif. As regards the sulphurous springs, they receive both meteoric waters infiltration and uprising of deeper waters rich in endogenous CO2 and H2S gases through important faults systems. Far from these faults, the chemistry of groundwater is scarcely (or not at all) affected by these deep fluid enrichment processes. This scheme is very significant; in fact, when very important groundwater resources are present, it is possible to use both mineral waters in Spa and, in areas far from the faults, those not yet mineralized. Finally, at Montepugliano Hill, in the final stage of the flow path, groundwater is also affected by change in the microbiome: this could provide a basis for comparison between various mineral waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Corniello
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Univ. Federico II, P/le Tecchio 80, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, Univ. Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luisa Stellato
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Univ. Vanvitelli, Viale Lincoln, 5, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Univ. Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21, Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Carraturo
- Department of Biology, Univ. Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elena Del Gaudio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Univ. Federico II, P/le Tecchio 80, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Del Giudice
- Department of Biology, Univ. Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Forte
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Univ. Federico II, P/le Tecchio 80, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Univ. Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marina Iorio
- Institute of Marine Sciences (CNR), Calata Porta di Massa, 80, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Marzaioli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Univ. Vanvitelli, Viale Lincoln, 5, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Univ. Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cintia, 21, Napoli, Italy
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13
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Trifuoggi M, Ferrara L, Toscanesi M, Mondal P, Ponniah JM, Sarkar SK, Arienzo M. Spatial distribution of trace elements in surface sediments of Hooghly (Ganges) river estuary in West Bengal, India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:6929-6942. [PMID: 34463923 PMCID: PMC8763774 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of trace elements in surface sediments of the Hooghly estuary was studied over the monsoons in 2014-2017. As, Cd, Ni, Pb and U were two- to sixteen-fold the crust means with increasing levels toward the estuary, with Ni peak during the post-monsoon. Pearson's correlation matrix, cluster analysis, enrichment factors and pollution index revealed the anthropic source and association of trace elements with Fe, Mn and Al and of Pb with U. Geoaccumulation index revealed for Ni an extremely contaminated situation at the estuary water during monsoon and for Cd a heavily contaminated situation at freshwater location. The potential contamination index was >6; thus, sediments were very severely contaminated by As, Cd and Ni with worst situation for As and Cd at fresh and brackish water and during post-monsoon. The overall ecological risk was severe, 300≤RI<600 at all sites and seasons, especially after the monsoon, at fluvial and brackish locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Priyanka Mondal
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, India
| | - Jonathan Muthuswamy Ponniah
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, C.P. 07340, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Santosh Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, India
| | - Michele Arienzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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14
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Tommasi F, Thomas PJ, Pagano G, Perono GA, Oral R, Lyons DM, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M. Review of Rare Earth Elements as Fertilizers and Feed Additives: A Knowledge Gap Analysis. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 81:531-540. [PMID: 33141264 PMCID: PMC8558174 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are key constituents of modern technology and play important roles in various chemical and industrial applications. They also are increasingly used in agricultural and zootechnical applications, such as fertilizers and feed additives. Early applications of REEs in agriculture have originated in China over the past several decades with the objective of increasing crop productivity and improving livestock yield (e.g., egg production or piglet growth). Outside China, REE agricultural or zootechnical uses are not currently practiced. A number of peer-reviewed manuscripts have evaluated the adverse and the positive effects of some light REEs (lanthanum and cerium salts) or REE mixtures both in plant growth and in livestock yield. This information was never systematically evaluated from the growing body of scientific literature. The present review was designed to evaluate the available evidence for adverse and/or positive effects of REE exposures in plant and animal biota and the cellular/molecular evidence for the REE-associated effects. The overall information points to shifts from toxic to favorable effects in plant systems at lower REE concentrations (possibly suggesting hormesis). The available evidence for REE use as feed additives may suggest positive outcomes at certain doses but requires further investigations before extending this use for zootechnical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Tommasi
- Department of Biology, "Aldo Moro" Bari University, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Genevieve A Perono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, 80126, Naples, Italy
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15
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Thomas PJ, Perono G, Tommasi F, Pagano G, Oral R, Burić P, Kovačić I, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Lyons DM. Resolving the effects of environmental micro- and nanoplastics exposure in biota: A knowledge gap analysis. Sci Total Environ 2021; 780:146534. [PMID: 34030291 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The pervasive spread of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) has raised significant concerns on their toxicity in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. These polymer-based materials have implications for plants, wildlife and human health, threatening food chain integrity and ultimate ecosystem resilience. An extensive - and growing - body of literature is available on MP- and NP-associated effects, including in a number of aquatic biota, with as yet limited reports in terrestrial environments. Effects range from no detectable, or very low level, biological effects to more severe outcomes such as (but not limited to) increased mortality rates, altered immune and inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, genetic damage and dysmetabolic changes. A well-established exposure route to MPs and NPs involves ingestion with subsequent incorporation into tissues. MP and NP exposures have also been found to lead to genetic damage, including effects related to mitotic anomalies, or to transmissible damage from sperm cells to their offspring, especially in echinoderms. Effects on the proteome, transcriptome and metabolome warrant ad hoc investigations as these integrated "omics" workflows could provide greater insight into molecular pathways of effect. Given their different physical structures, chemical identity and presumably different modes of action, exposure to different types of MPs and NPs may result in different biological effects in biota, thus comparative investigations of different MPs and NPs are required to ascertain the respective effects. Furthermore, research on MP and NP should also consider their ability to act as vectors for other toxicants, and possible outcomes of exposure may even include effects at the community level, thus requiring investigations in mesocosm models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Genevieve Perono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Franca Tommasi
- "Aldo Moro" Bari University, Department of Biology, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Rahime Oral
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Ines Kovačić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100 Pula, Croatia
| | | | | | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
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16
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Albarano L, Zupo V, Caramiello D, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Guida M, Libralato G, Costantini M. Sub-Chronic Effects of Slight PAH- and PCB-Contaminated Mesocosms in Paracentrotus lividus Lmk: A Multi-Endpoint Approach and De Novo Transcriptomic. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136674. [PMID: 34206685 PMCID: PMC8268688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sediment pollution is a major issue in coastal areas, potentially endangering human health and the marine environments. We investigated the short-term sublethal effects of sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus for two months. Spiking occurred at concentrations below threshold limit values permitted by the law (TLVPAHs = 900 µg/L, TLVPCBs = 8 µg/L, Legislative Italian Decree 173/2016). A multi-endpoint approach was adopted, considering both adults (mortality, bioaccumulation and gonadal index) and embryos (embryotoxicity, genotoxicity and de novo transcriptome assembly). The slight concentrations of PAHs and PCBs added to the mesocosms were observed to readily compartmentalize in adults, resulting below the detection limits just one week after their addition. Reconstructed sediment and seawater, as negative controls, did not affect sea urchins. PAH- and PCB-spiked mesocosms were observed to impair P. lividus at various endpoints, including bioaccumulation and embryo development (mainly PAHs) and genotoxicity (PAHs and PCBs). In particular, genotoxicity tests revealed that PAHs and PCBs affected the development of P. lividus embryos deriving from exposed adults. Negative effects were also detected by generating a de novo transcriptome assembly and its annotation, as well as by real-time qPCR performed to identify genes differentially expressed in adults exposed to the two contaminants. The effects on sea urchins (both adults and embryos) at background concentrations of PAHs and PCBs below TLV suggest a need for further investigations on the impact of slight concentrations of such contaminants on marine biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Albarano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Dohrn, Punta San Pietro, 80077 Naples, Italy;
| | - Davide Caramiello
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Research Infrastructures for Marine Biological Resources, Marine Organisms Core Facility, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Costantini
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy; (L.A.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Thomas PJ, Oral R, Pagano G, Tez S, Toscanesi M, Ranieri P, Trifuoggi M, Lyons DM. Mild toxicity of polystyrene and polymethylmethacrylate microplastics in Paracentrotus lividus early life stages. Mar Environ Res 2020; 161:105132. [PMID: 32906061 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The vast category of microplastics in the marine environment, encompassing among other aspects their persistence, degradation and impact on biota, has become an important topic of research. In spite of environmental health concerns, much work has yet to be done on understanding the potential roles of polymer sources, composition and particle sizes in causing adverse effects which have already been observed in a number of biota. The present study was aimed at adding to current knowledge by verifying if, and to what extent, embryogenesis in the sea urchin species Paracentrotus lividus is adversely affected by polystyrene and polymethylmethacrylate virgin microparticles over a size range 1-230 μm and at concentrations of 0.1-10 mg L-1. Developing embryos which came in contact with the microplastics only after fertilisation did not display a significant increase of developmental defects. Unlike embryo exposures, when P. lividus sperm were exposed to the microplastics or their leachates, modest, yet significant effects were observed, both in terms of decreased fertilisation rate and increase of transmissible damage to offspring. Further, it was noted that larvae more readily ingested polymethylmethacrylate than polystyrene microparticles after 3 days which may represent a route for enhancing the toxicity of the former compared to the latter. Overall, these findings provide evidence for lesser sensitivity of P. lividus early life stages to microplastics compared to other urchins such as Sphaerechinus granularis. In turn, the more robust response of P. lividus highlights the importance of choosing an appropriate test species with the highest sensitivity when investigating mildly harmful materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, ACELAB, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Serkan Tez
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, ACELAB, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ranieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, ACELAB, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, ACELAB, University of Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
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Pagano G, Pallardó FV, Lyakhovich A, Tiano L, Fittipaldi MR, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M. Aging-Related Disorders and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Critical Review for Prospect Mitoprotective Strategies Based on Mitochondrial Nutrient Mixtures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197060. [PMID: 32992778 PMCID: PMC7582285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of aging-related disorders (ARD) have been related to oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) in a well-established body of literature. Most studies focused on cardiovascular disorders (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and neurodegenerative disorders. Counteracting OS and MDF has been envisaged to improve the clinical management of ARD, and major roles have been assigned to three mitochondrial cofactors, also termed mitochondrial nutrients (MNs), i.e., α-lipoic acid (ALA), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and carnitine (CARN). These cofactors exert essential–and distinct—roles in mitochondrial machineries, along with strong antioxidant properties. Clinical trials have mostly relied on the use of only one MN to ARD-affected patients as, e.g., in the case of CoQ10 in CVD, or of ALA in T2D, possibly with the addition of other antioxidants. Only a few clinical and pre-clinical studies reported on the administration of two MNs, with beneficial outcomes, while no available studies reported on the combined administration of three MNs. Based on the literature also from pre-clinical studies, the present review is to recommend the design of clinical trials based on combinations of the three MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pagano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, CIBERER, E-46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, E-08035 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain;
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics of the “Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine”, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnical University of Marche, I-60100 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosa Fittipaldi
- Internal Medicine Unit, San Francesco d’Assisi Hospital, I-84020 Oliveto Citra (SA), Italy;
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
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Memoli V, Panico SC, Santorufo L, Barile R, Di Natale G, Di Nunzio A, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, De Marco A, Maisto G. Do Wildfires Cause Changes in Soil Quality in the Short Term? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17155343. [PMID: 32722226 PMCID: PMC7432673 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Wildfires have high frequency and intensity in the Mediterranean ecosystems that deeply modify the soil abiotic (i.e., pH, contents of water, organic matter and elements) and biotic properties (i.e., biomass and activity). In 2017, an intense wildfire occurred inside the Vesuvius National Park (Southern Italy), destroying approximately 50% of the existing plant cover. So, the research aimed to evaluate the fire effects on soil quality through single soil abiotic and biotic indicators and through an integrated index (SQI). To achieve the aim, soil samples were collected inside the Vesuvius National Park at 12 sampling field points before fire (BF) and after fire (AF). The findings highlighted that in AF soil, the contents of water and total carbon, element availability, respiration and the dehydrogenase activity were lower than in BF soil; in contrast, pH and hydrolase activity were significantly higher in AF soil. The microbial biomass and activity were affected by Al, Cr and Cu availability in both BF and AF soils. Despite the variations in each investigated soil abiotic and biotic property that occurred in AF soil, the overall soil quality did not significantly differ as compared to that calculated for the BF soil. The findings provide a contribution to the baseline definition of the properties and quality of burnt soil and highlight the short-term effects of fire on volcanic soil in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Memoli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Speranza Claudia Panico
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Lucia Santorufo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08167911
| | - Rossella Barile
- Parco Nazionale del Vesuvio, Via Palazzo del Principe c/o Castello Mediceo, 80044 Ottaviano (NA), Italy;
| | - Gabriella Di Natale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.N.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
- CeSMA-Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, 80146 San Giovanni a Teduccio (NA), Italy;
| | - Aldo Di Nunzio
- CeSMA-Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, 80146 San Giovanni a Teduccio (NA), Italy;
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.N.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.N.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Anna De Marco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Montesano, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giulia Maisto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
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20
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Arienzo M, Ferrara L, Toscanesi M, Giarra A, Donadio C, Trifuoggi M. Sediment contamination by heavy metals and ecological risk assessment: The case of Gulf of Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 155:111149. [PMID: 32469772 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal concentrations in sediments of the Gulf of Pozzuoli, GoP, and northwest of the Gulf beyond Monte di Procida, MdP, were determined. The enrichment factor, EF, revealed in GoP strong pollution with peaks for Cr and Cu of 61.1 and 96.9. High EF Cr, Cu, and Ni values were observed for MDP. Geoaccumulation index, Igeo, rates GoP extremely polluted by Cr and Cu, Igeo > 5, and MdP heavily polluted by Cr, moderately to heavily polluted by Cu, and heavily to extremely polluted by Ni. Contamination factor, Cf, was high in GoP and varied: Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd > Hg > Zn > Pb > As, and those of Cr, Cu and Ni largely surpassed the thresholds in MdP. The ecological and comprehensive ecological risk placed Cr, Cu, Hg and Ni at high or serious risk level in the Gulf, with a peak of 465 for Cu and at a moderate level in MdP except for a very high risk for Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Arienzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luciano Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Giarra
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Donadio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
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21
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Carotenuto Y, Vitiello V, Gallo A, Libralato G, Trifuoggi M, Toscanesi M, Lofrano G, Esposito F, Buttino I. Assessment of the relative sensitivity of the copepods Acartia tonsa and Acartia clausi exposed to sediment-derived elutriates from the Bagnoli-Coroglio industrial area. Mar Environ Res 2020; 155:104878. [PMID: 31975692 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of the copepods Acartia tonsa, commonly used in standardized tests for environmental risk assessment and A. clausi, the dominant autochthonous congener species in the Mediterranean Sea, was assessed using sediment-derived elutriates from the industrial area of Bagnoli-Coroglio and nickel chloride as referent toxicant. Acute A. clausi naupliar immobilization test showed EC50 for elutriates E25, E56 and E84 of 23.3%, 80.5% and >100%, respectively, compared to 59.5%, 66.6% and >100% in A. tonsa. In the 7 day sublethal test, a reduction in A. clausi egg production rates was observed in all elutriates, but only in E56 for A. tonsa. Elutriate 56, which contained the highest amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, also induced 70% mortality in A. clausi females. Although A. clausi was more sensitive than A. tonsa, the two species had convergent responses to the three elutriates, thus opening the venue for a potential use of A. clausi in standardized ecotoxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylenia Carotenuto
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, 80121, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Valentina Vitiello
- Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e Ricerca Ambientale, via del cedro 38, 57122, Livorno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gallo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Esposito
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Isabella Buttino
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale 1, 80121, Napoli, Italy; Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e Ricerca Ambientale, via del cedro 38, 57122, Livorno, Italy.
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22
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Trifuoggi M, Pagano G, Oral R, Pavičić-Hamer D, Burić P, Kovačić I, Siciliano A, Toscanesi M, Thomas PJ, Paduano L, Guida M, Lyons DM. Microplastic-induced damage in early embryonal development of sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis. Environ Res 2019; 179:108815. [PMID: 31629182 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Two microplastic sets, polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), were tested for adverse effects on early life stages of Sphaerechinus granularis sea urchins. Microparticulate PS (10, 80 and 230 μm diameter) and PMMA (10 and 50 μm diameter) were tested on developing S. granularis embryos from 10 min post-fertilisation (p-f) to the pluteus larval stage (72 h p-f), at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 5 mg L-1. Both PS and PMMA exposures resulted in significant concentration-related increase of developmental defects and of microplastic uptake in plutei. Moreover, embryo exposures to PS and PMMA (5 and 50 mg L-1) from 10 min to 5 h p-f resulted in a significant increase of cytogenetic abnormalities, expressed as significantly increased mitotic aberrations, while mitotoxicity (as % embryos lacking active mitoses) was observed in embryos exposed to PS, though not to PMMA. When S. granularis sperm suspensions were exposed for 10 min to PS or to PMMA (0.1-5 mg L-1), a significant decrease of fertilisation success was observed following sperm exposure to 0.1 mg L-1 PS, though not to higher PS concentrations nor to PMMA. Sperm pretreatment, however, resulted in significant offspring damage, as excess developmental defects in plutei, both following sperm exposure to PS and PMMA, thus suggesting transmissible damage from sperm pronuclei to the offspring. The overall results point to relevant developmental, cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of PS and PMMA microplastics to S. granularis early life stages, warranting further investigations of other microplastics and other target biota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rahime Oral
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | - Ines Kovačić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | | | | | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia.
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23
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Panzella L, Moccia F, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Giovando S, Napolitano A. Correction: Exhausted Woods from Tannin Extraction as an Unexplored Waste Biomass: Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Pollutant Adsorption Properties and Activating Effects of Hydrolytic Treatments. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 84. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8060157. [PMID: 31163603 PMCID: PMC6616960 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Federica Moccia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Samuele Giovando
- Centro Ricerche per la Chimica Fine Srl for Silvateam Spa, Via Torre 7, 12080 San Michele Mondovì, CN, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
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Oral R, Pagano G, Siciliano A, Toscanesi M, Gravina M, Di Nunzio A, Palumbo A, Thomas PJ, Tommasi F, Burić P, Lyons DM, Guida M, Trifuoggi M. Soil pollution and toxicity in an area affected by emissions from a bauxite processing plant and a power plant in Gardanne (southern France). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 170:55-61. [PMID: 30529620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution and toxicity have been investigated in the Gardanne area (southern France) at a range of sites around a recognized pollution source, a bauxite processing plant (BPP), and a power plant (PP). Soil samples were submitted to inorganic and organic analyses and tested for toxicity in two invertebrate models. Inorganic analysis was based on determining elemental concentrations by ICP-MS, encompassing a total of 26 elements including 13 rare earth elements (REEs), of the soil samples and their leachates after 24 or 48 h in seawater. Organic analyses were performed by measuring the sums of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and of total hydrocarbons (C-10 to C-40). Bioassays were carried out on the early life stages of three sea urchin species (Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus and Sphaerechinus granularis), and on a nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans). Sea urchin bioassays were evaluated by the effects of soil samples (0.1-0.5% dry wt/vol) on developing embryos and on sperm, and scored as: a) % developmental defects, b) inhibition of sperm fertilization success and offspring damage, and c) frequencies of mitotic aberrations. C. elegans 24 h-mortality assay showed significant toxicity associated with soil samples. The effects of soil samples showed heightened toxicity at two groups of sites, close to the BPP main entrance and around the PP, which was consistent with the highest concentrations found for metals and PAHs, respectively. Total hydrocarbon concentrations displayed high concentrations both close to BPP main entrance and to the PP. Further studies of the health effects of such materials in Gardanne are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahime Oral
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121 Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | - Maria Gravina
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anna Palumbo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0H3
| | - Franca Tommasi
- Aldo Moro Bari University, Department of Plant Biology, I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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Panzella L, Moccia F, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Giovando S, Napolitano A. Exhausted Woods from Tannin Extraction as an Unexplored Waste Biomass: Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Pollutant Adsorption Properties and Activating Effects of Hydrolytic Treatments. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8040084. [PMID: 30939823 PMCID: PMC6523223 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exhausted woods represent a byproduct of tannin industrial production processes and their possible exploitation as a source of antioxidant compounds has remained virtually unexplored. We herein report the characterization of the antioxidant and other properties of practical interest of exhausted chestnut wood and quebracho wood, together with those of a chestnut wood fiber, produced from steamed exhausted chestnut wood. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays indicated good antioxidant properties for all the materials investigated, with exhausted chestnut wood, and, even more, chestnut wood fiber exhibiting the highest activity. High efficiency was observed also in the superoxide scavenging assay. An increase of the antioxidant potency was observed for both exhausted woods and chestnut wood fiber following activation by hydrolytic treatment, with an up to three-fold lowering of the EC50 values in the DPPH assay. On the other hand, exhausted quebracho wood was particularly effective as a nitrogen oxides (NOx) scavenger. The three materials proved able to adsorb methylene blue chosen as a model of organic pollutant and to remove highly toxic heavy metal ions like cadmium from aqueous solutions, with increase of the activity following the hydrolytic activation. These results open new perspectives toward the exploitation of exhausted woods as antioxidants, e.g., for active packaging, or as components of filtering membranes for remediation of polluted waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Federica Moccia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Samuele Giovando
- Centro Ricerche per la Chimica Fine Srl for Silvateam Spa, Via Torre 7, 12080, San Michele Mondovì, CN, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
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Arienzo M, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Ferrara L, Stanislao C, Donadio C, Grazia V, Gionata DV, Carella F. Contaminants bioaccumulation and pathological assessment in Mytilus galloprovincialis in coastal waters facing the brownfield site of Bagnoli, Italy. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 140:341-352. [PMID: 30803653 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We studied the bioaccumulation of metals and PAHs, the pathological conditions, regressive phenomena and pathogens in wild Mytilus galloprovincialis taken along the North Pier facing the former second Italian largest steelworks of Bagnoli. There was no Cd and Pb bioaccumulation with respect to the EU role 221/2002. Metal shell index decreased as follows: Pb > Ni > Zn > Cu and correlates with the pollution state. The level of BaP was up to thirtysixfold higher the EU rule 835/2011. The sum of 4 hydrocarbons, PAH4, were up to seventeen-fold the rule. PAH levels increased toward the coast. Prevalence values of tissue necrosis and inflammatory lesions were between 50 and 100%. In May animals showed lesion like granulocytomas and inflammatory capsules. Signs of atresia, necrotic oocytes and diffused cases of hermaphroditism were detected. An appropriate localization of farming to avoid contamination from sediment turbulence and risks for consumer health is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Arienzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Corrado Stanislao
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Donadio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Villari Grazia
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - De Vico Gionata
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Carella
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Trifuoggi M, Pagano G, Oral R, Gravina M, Toscanesi M, Mozzillo M, Siciliano A, Burić P, Lyons DM, Palumbo A, Thomas PJ, D'Ambra L, Crisci A, Guida M, Tommasi F. Topsoil and urban dust pollution and toxicity in Taranto (southern Italy) industrial area and in a residential district. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 191:43. [PMID: 30593597 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Adverse environmental conditions in the Taranto area (southern Italy) were investigated in studies of air, marine sediment, and human health. The present study aimed at providing unprecedented information on soil pollution and toxicity in a set of sites around recognized pollution sources in the Taranto area, since previous studies were focused on marine or air pollution, or on human health effects. The investigated area included a steel foundry and a power plant, as well as some sites located in an adjacent neighborhood. Surface soil samples and urban dust were collected and submitted to inorganic and organic analyses and tested for toxicity in two invertebrate bioassay models; a sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis) and an annelid (Caenorhabditis elegans). Inorganic analysis was carried out using ICP-MS for elemental composition for a total of 34 elements, whose levels were evaluated as a function of bioassay data analyzed through principal component analysis (PCA). Other analyses included asbestos search by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and organic analysis for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aliphatic compounds (C10-C40). Toxicity bioassays were carried out on a sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis), and an annelid (Caenorhabditis elegans). Sea urchin bioassays evaluated effects of topsoil or street dust sample exposures (0.1 to 0.5% dry wt/vol) on developing embryos and on sperm, and scored as (a) % developmental defects, (b) inhibition of fertilization success and offspring damage, and (c) frequencies of mitotic aberrations. C. elegans mortality assay displayed significant toxicity associated with soil samples. The overall effects of samples showed very high toxicity at four out of nine sites. These effects were consistent with the highest levels measured for metals and PAHs. Further studies of health effects related to dust exposures in residential areas are warranted. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trifuoggi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy.
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Maria Gravina
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Luigi D'Ambra
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Crisci
- Pegaso Telematic University, Piazza Trieste e Trento, I-80132, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Tommasi
- Department of Biology, "Aldo Moro" Bari University, Via Orabona 4, -70125, Bari, Italy
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Trifuoggi M, Donadio C, Ferrara L, Stanislao C, Toscanesi M, Arienzo M. Levels of pollution of rare earth elements in the surface sediments from the Gulf of Pozzuoli (Campania, Italy). Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 136:374-384. [PMID: 30509819 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Gulf of Pozzuoli includes the former second largest Italian steelworks of Bagnoli. The REE, Y, Th and Sc pollution in sediments of the Gulf of Pozzuoli was determined. Ce, La, Nd and Pr had the highest percentage distribution of rare earth elements normalized respect to chondrite with 31.19, 28.35, 19.51 and 8.41% individually. It was observed a marked enrichment of these elements, from west to the east from 26.39 to 111.04 mg/kg and from onshore to offshore from 31.67 to 217.74 mg/kg. The output of the principal component analysis revealed that the REE were mainly of anthropic origin being clearly linked to that of PAHs, metals and organic matter. This, together with their distribution patterns, highlighted the role of the former Bagnoli metallurgical plant in the pollution of the gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Donadio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Corrado Stanislao
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Arienzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy.
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Gravina M, Pagano G, Oral R, Guida M, Toscanesi M, Siciliano A, Di Nunzio A, Burić P, Lyons DM, Thomas PJ, Trifuoggi M. Heavy Rare Earth Elements Affect Sphaerechinus granularis Sea Urchin Early Life Stages by Multiple Toxicity Endpoints. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 100:641-646. [PMID: 29500496 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) were tested for adverse effects to early life stages of the sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis. Embryos were exposed to analytically measured HREE concentrations ranging from 10-7 to 10-5 M. No significant developmental defect (DD) increases were observed in embryos exposed to 10-7 M HREEs, whereas 10-5 M HREEs resulted in significant DD increase up to 96% for HoCl3 versus 14% in controls. Embryos exposed to 10-6 M HREEs showed the highest DD frequency in embryos exposed to 10-6 M DyCl3 and HoCl3. Cytogenetic analysis of HREE-exposed embryos revealed a significant decrease in mitotic activity, with increased mitotic aberrations. When S. granularis sperm were exposed to HREEs, the offspring of sperm exposed to 10-5 M GdCl3 and LuCl3 showed significant DD increases. The results warrant investigations on HREEs in other test systems, and on REE-containing complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gravina
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Di Nunzio
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Petra Burić
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
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Trifuoggi M, Donadio C, Mangoni O, Ferrara L, Bolinesi F, Nastro RA, Stanislao C, Toscanesi M, Di Natale G, Arienzo M. Distribution and enrichment of trace metals in surface marine sediments in the Gulf of Pozzuoli and off the coast of the brownfield metallurgical site of Ilva of Bagnoli (Campania, Italy). Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 124:502-511. [PMID: 28735966 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of metals in surface sediments of Gulf of Pozzuoli (GoP), embedding the former second Italian largest integrated steelworks of Bagnoli, was studied based on sediment dispersal, quality guidelines (SQGs) and quantitative pollution indices of the respective metals. As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn largely exceeded the limits. Hg had a mean of 5.8mg/kg, twentyfold higher the rule, accumulating primarily near Bagnoli site. The mean effective range quotient, m-ERM-Q, revealed a high potential for negative biological effects especially in the area nearby the Bagnoli site. The enrichment factor (EF) values were outstandingly high, >1.5 with values which were often ≥100. The geoaccumulation index, Igeo, was very critical for Cr, Cu, Hg and Ni, showing an Igeo in the range of strongly polluted (4<Igeo <5) and very strongly polluted (Igeo>5). The principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation matrix (CM), excluded significant contribution from weathering products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Donadio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Mangoni
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bolinesi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Anna Nastro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Centro Drezionale, Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy
| | - Corrado Stanislao
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Natale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Arienzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Arienzo M, Donadio C, Mangoni O, Bolinesi F, Stanislao C, Trifuoggi M, Toscanesi M, Di Natale G, Ferrara L. Characterization and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in the sediments of gulf of Pozzuoli (Campania, Italy). Mar Pollut Bull 2017; 124:480-487. [PMID: 28697946 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Most of the literature reports on the impact of the former Bagnoli brownfield on the pollution of Bagnoli Bay, embedded in the Gulf of Pozzuoli (GoP). Thus, we studied concentrations, types and sources of sixteen PAHs (EPA) in sediments at 22 sites along 5 transects covering the entire area of GoP. Outstanding levels of PAHs were found, varying from 7.1μgg-1 to 2.5 E+3μgg-1. Sediments collected at sites far away from Bagnoli were found to be polluted to a similar extent than those facing the brownfield site, with values>100μgg-1. Total PAHs levels in the sediments of GoP were higher by thirty-eleven thousand fold than those reported by other studies from various marine sites in the world. Transit axes of fine and very fine sands and diagnostic indexes revealed a common pyrolytic PAHs pollution spreading from the Bagnoli plant to all GoP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Arienzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Donadio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Mangoni
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bolinesi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Corrado Stanislao
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Largo San Marcellino 10, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Natale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano Ferrara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cintia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Motta CM, Cerciello R, De Bonis S, Mazzella V, Cirino P, Panzuto R, Ciaravolo M, Simoniello P, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, Avallone B. Potential toxicity of improperly discarded exhausted photovoltaic cells. Environ Pollut 2016; 216:786-792. [PMID: 27376992 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Low tech photovoltaic panels (PVPs) installed in the early '80s are now coming to the end of their life cycle and this raises the problem of their proper disposal. As panels contain potentially toxic elements, unconventional, complex and costly procedures are required to avoid environmental health risks and in countries where environmental awareness and economic resources are limited this may be especially problematic. This work was designed to investigate potential risks from improper disposal of these panels. To accomplish this aim an exhausted panel was broken into pieces and these were placed in water for 30 days. The resulting leached solution was analyzed to determine chemical release or used in toto, to determine its potential toxicity in established tests. The end points were seed germination (on Cucumis sativus and Lens culinaris) and effects on early development in three larval models: two crustaceans, Daphnia magna and Artemia salina, and the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Our results show that the panels release small amounts of electrolytes (Na, Ca and Mg) into solution, along with antimony and manganese, with a concentration under the accepted maximum contaminant level, and nickel at a potentially toxic concentration. Developmental defects are seen in the plant and animal test organisms after experimental exposure to the whole solution leached from the broken panel. The toxic effects revealed in in vitro tests are sufficient to attract attention considering that they are exerted on both plants and aquatic animals and that the number of old PVPs in disposal sites will be very high.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Motta
- Dept of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R Cerciello
- Dept of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - S De Bonis
- Dept of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - V Mazzella
- Dept of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - P Cirino
- Stazione Zoologica Anthon Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - R Panzuto
- Dept of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Ciaravolo
- Dept of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - P Simoniello
- Department of Biophysics, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt, 64291, Germany; Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Italy
| | - M Toscanesi
- Dept of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Trifuoggi
- Dept of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - B Avallone
- Dept of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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