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Zeybek Ş, Özbiçakçi Ş. Evaluation of the Cancer Awareness Measure in Adolescents in Turkiye: A Methodological Study. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38804151 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2024.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cancer awareness can help reduce the associated morbidity and mortality. There is no scale for the assessment of general cancer awareness in Turkiye. This study aimed to evaluate the cultural relevance and psychometric properties of the cancer awareness measure (CAM) for use in adolescents in the Turkish population. Methods: This methodological study included 400 students attending seven high schools in western Turkiye, recruited by convenience sampling. The CAM was translated into Turkish and assessed for content validity by expert panel opinion and content validity index (CVI). The Turkish CAM was administered online, and its reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficients, item-total and item-subscale correlation coefficients, and test-retest analysis. Results: The Turkish CAM had excellent content validity (scale CVI = 0.99). Cronbach's alpha for the entire scale was 0.72, and item-subscale correlation coefficients were 0.33-.75 (p < 0.001). Test-retest reliability was good, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.83 for the entire scale (p < 0.001). The students' mean score on the Turkish CAM was 45.60 ± 7.23 (on a scale of 11-77), indicating moderate cancer awareness. Conclusion: The Turkish CAM is a valid and reliable measure that can be used to assess cancer awareness in adolescents in Turkiye. Interventional studies should be performed to measure and increase cancer awareness and promote cancer prevention among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şeyma Zeybek
- Public Health Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Şeyda Özbiçakçi
- Faculty of Nursing, Department of Public Health Nursing, Dokuz Eylul Universitesi (Dokuz Eylul University), Izmir, Turkiye
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Marsh L, McNoe B, Venter N, Quigg R, Notoa F, Reeder AI. Awareness of cancer among adolescents: A study of nine focus groups in Aotearoa New Zealand. Health Promot J Austr 2023. [PMID: 37961934 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED One third of cancers are potentially preventable by modifying key risk factors that arise during adolescence. To help inform prevention efforts, we investigated adolescents' understanding of cancer risk factors, symptoms and signs and barriers to help-seeking. METHODS Nine focus groups were conducted with purposefully sampled, binary-gendered friendship groups of 12 to 17-year-olds. Interviews were analysed using a qualitative descriptive method based on the topic schedule, transcripts and field notes. RESULTS Behavioural, genetic and environmental factors were commonly explored as risk factors. Most cancer symptoms identified focused on physical indicators, such as lumps and skin appearance. Facilitators and barriers to good health choices involved both external and internal factors: education, affordability, attitudes and the social environment. Most participants indicated they would talk to trusted friends and family members about health issues, but only when the condition became 'serious'. The most common source of health information was the internet. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents have a good understanding of behavioural risk factors, but poor knowledge of some key cancer symptoms. A support system was recognised to be a substantive factor in dealing with health issues, as were youth-focused health services. Understanding of the preventability of many cancers was not widespread with participants. SO WHAT?: The results emphasise a requirement for appropriate, affordable and accessible youth-focused health services. There is a need for age- and culturally appropriate interventions that improve knowledge of cancer symptoms. Immunisation against the viruses implicated in cervical cancer is one example of a clinical cancer prevention intervention in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Marsh
- Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bronwen McNoe
- Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Noeleen Venter
- Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Robin Quigg
- Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Faith Notoa
- Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Anthony I Reeder
- Social & Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Xie X, Li F, Xie L, Yu Y, Ou S, He R. Meta-analysis of cancer risk among end stage renal disease undergoing maintenance dialysis. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220553. [PMID: 36820211 PMCID: PMC9938539 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no consensus on whether maintenance dialysis increases cancer risk in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Therefore, this study was to systematically evaluate the risk of cancer among ESRD patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. Related studies on the impact of maintenance dialysis on cancer risk were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and other databases from their respective inceptions to 19 February 2021. ESRD patients receiving maintenance dialysis were classified into cancer including non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cancer excluding NMSC. Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated to assess cancer risk. Fourteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of cancer in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis (with or without NMSC) was significantly higher than controls both in cancer including NMSC (SIR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.27-1.49, P < 0.001) and cancer excluding NMSC (SIR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.23-1.47, P < 0.001). Subgroup results identified the higher risk of cancer incidence in both men and women receiving maintenance dialysis. Meanwhile, elevated excess risks were observed among patients with younger age and shorter follow-up time (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the combined SIR of bladder, cervix, colorectum, kidney, liver, thyroid, tongue, and other cancers were all increased (P < 0.05). ESRD patients undergoing dialysis has higher risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang, China
| | - Longsheng Xie
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Yu
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Santao Ou
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rongfang He
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China,Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 100 Taiping Street, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China,Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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4
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Pelullo CP, Torsiello L, Della Polla G, Di Giuseppe G, Pavia M. Screening for colorectal cancer: awareness and adherence among Italian women. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34:1231-1237. [PMID: 36165054 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate women's awareness about and attendance to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs in an area of Southern Italy, and to investigate related potential determinants. METHODS The survey was conducted among women through a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS Overall, only 20.3% of respondents knew the three cancer screening tests offered to women and this knowledge, at the multivariate logistic regression analysis, resulted to be significantly higher in women who knew the two most common cancers in females, in those who were graduated, had a personal or family history of cancer, and had been informed about cancer prevention by physicians. Only 29.2% of women had ever undergone FOBT, 25% for screening purposes and, of these, 76.4% in the previous 2 years. Among those who had never undergone FOBT, 28.9% reported they had not been invited to attend, 34.5% that the test had not been prescribed by anyone, and 19.1% had no time to undergo. The results of the multivariate logistic regression model revealed that significant determinants of having undergone FOBT for screening purposes were having undergone mammography, having at least one chronic disease, not reporting alcohol consumption and having been informed about cancer screening by physicians. CONCLUSION Our findings have revealed a concerning low awareness about and adherence to CRC screening in women and have highlighted the fundamental role of healthcare workers and of enabling factors in the decision process. Interventions should be directed to increasing awareness, and to promote cancer prevention screening pathways more centered on women's health needs and convenience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Livio Torsiello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli'
| | - Giorgia Della Polla
- Health Direction, Teaching Hospital, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | | | - Maria Pavia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli'
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Vaihekoski A, Lagström H, Eloranta S, Bäärs S, Hannula A, Lehvikkö M, Salakari M. Influencing adolescents’ attitudes towards nicotine products: A systematic review. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2022; 39:568-584. [PMID: 36284743 PMCID: PMC9549219 DOI: 10.1177/14550725221096908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Use of nicotine can harm adolescents’ brains and
increase risk for future addiction to other drugs. Several international studies
show that an acceptable attitude towards nicotine products increases the
initiation or use of the products. Adolescents have limited or distorted
knowledge about nicotine products. Many of them have a positive image of the
properties and effects of nicotine products, which increases the chances of
smoking or using snus. Yet, we know little about the relationship between youth
nicotine use, youth attitudes towards nicotine products and the interventions to
influence these attitudes. This systematic review synthesised adolescents’
attitudes towards nicotine products and the ways to influence them.
Methods: Systematic searches were carried out from PubMed,
MEDLINE, CINAHL, and MEDIC databases and were targeted to randomised controlled
trial (RCT) studies published in 2010–2021. Results: A total of
seven RCT studies were reviewed with a total population (age range 9–17 years,
adolescents 11–17 years) of 15,974. Findings were classified into four
categories: school-based interventions, tobacco prevention campaigns,
advertisements’ influence on adolescents’ opinions towards nicotine products,
and their responses to cigarette pack warnings. Conclusion: Based
on this systematic literature review, particularly school-based interventions
have an effect on adolescents’ attitudes towards smoking and preventing them
from starting to smoke, when they are targeted before the age of puberty.
School-based interventions should be further implemented and strengthened, as
the school has been shown to have significant potential to support youth’s
health. There is a need for further information about the most effective
interventions in the different age groups and the qualitative studies on the
topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna Lagström
- University of Turku, Turku, Finland; and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Eloranta
- University of Turku, Turku, Finland; University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; and Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland
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Liu Y, Xu HF, Zhang X, Yu YQ, Zhao YQ, Zhang SK, Qiao YL. Disease knowledge, medical experience, health-related quality of life and health-care costs among patients with advanced colorectal cancer in China: protocol for a nationwide multicentre survey. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054403. [PMID: 35264348 PMCID: PMC8915290 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in China. Most patients have developed advanced stage at diagnosis, leading to a low 5-year survival rate. To optimise prevention strategies, we planned a survey to evaluate the disease knowledge, medical experience and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) before and after the treatment of CRC, and healthcare costs among patients with advanced CRC in China. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a nationwide, hospital-based, multicentre survey. Nineteen hospitals in seven cities were selected by multistage stratified sampling. Mainland China is divided into seven regions according to the traditional administrative district definition; two cities of each region were selected through simple random sampling, and then one tertiary cancer hospital and one general hospital were selected for each city. More than 4445 patients with CRC in the selected hospitals with stage III or IV will be enrolled in this study. The trained interviewers will collect information through patients' self-report and/or medical records, including demographics and medical history; knowledge about CRC high-risk factors, screening procedure and treatment methods; medical experience on CRC screening, diagnosis and treatment; HRQOL before and after CRC treatment; and costs of CRC. All data will be input by two independent staff and verified using Epidata V.3.1 software. Data validation plan will be made to guide data checking. All statistical analyses will be conducted using SAS V.9.4 and SPSS V.24.0 software. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the ethics committees of Henan Cancer Hospital, the leading participant hospital. Findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed open-access journals and presented as posters and/or oral sections in national and international conferences. Results will also be popularised to the public via media or the internet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui-Fang Xu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Qin Yu
- The Clinical epidemiology of research center, Department of Dermatological, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou City, China
| | - Yu-Qian Zhao
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shao-Kai Zhang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - You-Lin Qiao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Xu HF, Gu XF, Wang XH, Wang WJ, Du LB, Duan SX, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhao YQ, Ma L, Liu YY, Huang JX, Cao J, Fan YP, Li L, Feng CY, Lian XM, Du JC, Zhang JG, Yu YQ, Qiao YL. Knowledge and awareness of colorectal cancer risk factors, screening, and associated factors in advanced colorectal cancer patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:354. [PMID: 35433933 PMCID: PMC9011206 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common malignancy globally, and its disease burden is increasing rapidly in China. But CRC patients' knowledge and awareness of CRC have not yet been examined, which could facilitate the identification of targeted population from public for intervention. Methods A nationwide multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted in 19 tertiary hospitals (10 cancer hospitals and 9 general hospitals) from March 2020 to March 2021 in China. During study period, all Stage III and IV CRC patients were invited to complete a semi-structured survey that had been designed to collect information about their socio-demographic characteristics, and knowledge and awareness of CRC risk factors and screening. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with their knowledge and awareness. Results In total, 4,589 advanced CRC patients were enrolled in this study, of whom, 46.2% were from tertiary cancer hospitals, and 59.5% were male. Patients had a mean age of 60.1±11.6 years. Before diagnosis, 65.1% of the patients had no related knowledge of the CRC risk factors, and 84.9% were unaware of the CRC screening-related information. Only 30.4% of patients had actively sought to acquire CRC-related knowledge before diagnosis. The 3 most common knowledge sources were relatives or friends who had been diagnosed with CRC (13.2%), popular science television/broadcast shows (12.9%), and community publicity and education (9.6%). Generally, knowledge and awareness were positively associated with better education level [odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 1.49 to 2.54, P<0.001], annual household income ranged from 50,000 Chinese Yuan (CNY) to 100,000 CNY (OR =1.32, P<0.001), being manual laborer (OR =1.25, P<0.001) and being white-collar worker (OR =1.47, P<0.001). Conclusions Advanced CRC patients' knowledge and awareness of CRC were severely limited before diagnosis. Thus, those who had limited knowledge and awareness should has a priority for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Xu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Gu
- Department of Student Affairs, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wang
- Department of Public Health, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ling-Bin Du
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang-Xia Duan
- Department of Preventive Health, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qian Zhao
- Center for Cancer Prevention Research, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Ma
- Public Health School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yun-Yong Liu
- Liaoning Office for Cancer Control and Research, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan-Xiu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yan-Ping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Yan Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue-Mei Lian
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Chang Du
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Gong Zhang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qin Yu
- The Clinical Epidemiology of Research Center, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - You-Lin Qiao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou, China.,Center for Global Health, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Di Giuseppe G, Pelullo CP, Lanzano R, Napolitano F, Pavia M. Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of incarcerated people regarding COVID-19 and related vaccination: a survey in Italy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:960. [PMID: 35046470 PMCID: PMC8770777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04919-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cross-sectional study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices toward COVID-19 disease of incarcerated people. A total of 685 subjects were surveyed. 94% were aware that respiratory droplets are involved in the transmission of COVID-19, and 77.2% that patients with chronic conditions are at risk of a more severe disease. Overall, 92.7% of respondents considered COVID-19 a more severe disease compared to influenza, and 85.4% believed that COVID-19 could cause serious consequences in their institution. Only 22.6% were self-confident about their ability to protect themselves from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This attitude was significantly higher in those who were involved in working activities in the institution, who did not report at least one common symptom compatible with COVID-19 in the previous 3 months, who did not show generalized anxiety symptoms, and did not need additional information. 63.9% of incarcerated people expressed willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Older subjects, who knew that a COVID-19 vaccination is available, believed that COVID-19 is more serious than influenza, and were self-confident about their ability to protect themselves from SARS-CoV-2 infection, were significantly more willing to undergo COVID-19 vaccination. Public health response to COVID-19 in prisons should address vaccine hesitancy to increase vaccine confidence among incarcerated people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Di Giuseppe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta P Pelullo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Lanzano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Napolitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pavia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy.
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Pelullo CP, Cantore F, Lisciotto A, Di Giuseppe G, Pavia M. Organized Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening: Attendance and Determinants in Southern Italy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071578. [PMID: 33808101 PMCID: PMC8036794 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although the effectiveness of screening in reducing the mortality of breast and cervical cancer in the EU is established, the impact of these cancers continues to be substantial among women. The aims of this study were to evaluate the attendance to breast and cervical cancer screening and the role of related determinants in an area of Southern Italy. Only 49.7% of the sample reported to have undergone mammography in the previous two years, 27.7% within an organized program and 22% as an opportunistic procedure. The attendance to cervical cancer screening interval of three years was reported by 56.1% of women, 16.1% within an organized program and 40% as an opportunistic procedure. A very low attendance was thus detected for both breast and cervical cancer organized screening programs. A strong commitment to the promotion of these programs is urgently needed, also to support their role in the reduction of inequalities of attendance of disadvantaged women. Abstract The aims of this study were to evaluate the attendance to breast and cervical cancer screening and the related determinants in a low attendance area. A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of students attending secondary schools and university courses in Campania region, Southern Italy. Only 49.7% of the eligible women reported to have undergone mammography in the previous two years. Unemployed women, unsatisfied about their health status, with a family history of breast cancer, and having visited a physician in the previous 12 months were significantly more likely to have undergone mammography in the previous two years within an organized screening program. The attendance to cervical cancer screening in the interval of three years was reported to be 56.1% of women. Having a lower than graduation degree, being smokers, and having visited a physician in the previous 12 months were significant predictors of having had a Pap-smear in the previous three years in an organized screening program. In this study a very low attendance was found to both breast and cervical cancer organized screening programs. A strong commitment to their promotion is urgently needed, also to reduce inequalities of attendance of disadvantaged women.
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Abraham O, Rosenberger CA, LeMay SM, Bittner SJ. Adolescents' Perceptions About Cancer and Preferences for Cancer Education. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211036057. [PMID: 34403277 PMCID: PMC8375333 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211036057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the leading causes of death within the United States. Adolescence remains a critical stage of development in which new cognitive skills and lifestyle factors related to cancer are acquired. It is critical to understand adolescents' knowledge of cancer and preferences for receiving clear and easy-to-comprehend information about cancer and cancer prevention. The purpose of this study was to explore adolescents' perceptions of cancer and cancer risk factors and identify their preferences for receiving cancer prevention education. METHODS The survey used in this study was based on the Health Belief Model framework, the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, and the Cancer, Clear & Simple (CC&S) Curriculum. The survey evaluated adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and health-related behaviors regarding cancer and cancer prevention among adolescents. Three Midwestern middle and high schools were recruited, and 235 students completed the survey. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Study participants had some basic knowledge of cancer; however, only 66% recognized that individuals have control over their risk of developing cancer. Participants (95%) reported that cancer prevention was important, yet only 37.3% stated they knew how to lower their risk of getting cancer and 50% indicated that they currently try to make decisions that lower their chances of getting cancer. About 82% stated that an educational game would be a useful tool to learn about cancer and prevention. CONCLUSION Study findings indicate the need for an increase in adolescent knowledge of cancer, specifically how they can control their cancer risk, and prevention strategies through development of game-based education to teach adolescents about cancer-related topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunmilola Abraham
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, USA
- Olufunmilola Abraham, PhD, MS, BPharm, Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA.
| | - Claire A. Rosenberger
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sarah M. LeMay
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sarah J. Bittner
- Social and Administrative Sciences Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, USA
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