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Fuente-Moreno M, Garcia-Terol C, Domínguez-Salas S, Rubio-Valera M, Motrico E. Maternity care changes and postpartum mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a Spanish cross-sectional study. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024; 42:753-768. [PMID: 36710435 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2171375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to abrupt changes in maternity care, but the impact of these changes has not yet been deeply evaluated. This study aimed to assess the impact of the unexpected changes in maternity care due to the COVID-19 pandemic on postpartum mental health (depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder). METHODS A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted in Spain during the second half of 2020. The eligibility criteria were women≥18 years with a child≤6 months. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Screener (GAD-7) and a subset of the PTSD checklist (PCL-5) were used to assess postpartum mental health. Information regarding sociodemographic characteristics and maternity care changes was collected, and multivariate regression models were used. RESULTS Among 1781 participants, 29.3% and 33% had clinically significant depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The most prevalent unexpected changes reported were related to the exclusion of supportive relatives during birth and postpartum. Changes reported during birth showed a minor association with PTSD symptomatology, and those that occurred during the postpartum period were associated with clinical depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The unexpected changes in maternity care due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially those that occurred during the postpartum period, increased the risk of mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fuente-Moreno
- Health Technology Assessment in Primary Care and Mental Health (PRISMA) Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Garcia-Terol
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu,Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - María Rubio-Valera
- Health Technology Assessment in Primary Care and Mental Health (PRISMA) Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu,Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Motrico
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain
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Chan JK, Marzuki AA, Vafa S, Thanaraju A, Yap J, Chan XW, Harris HA, Todi K, Schaefer A. A systematic review on the relationship between socioeconomic conditions and emotional disorder symptoms during Covid-19: unearthing the potential role of economic concerns and financial strain. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:237. [PMID: 38671542 PMCID: PMC11046828 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 has disrupted the lives of many and resulted in high prevalence rates of mental disorders. Despite a vast amount of research into the social determinants of mental health during Covid-19, little is known about whether the results are consistent with the social gradient in mental health. Here we report a systematic review of studies that investigated how socioeconomic condition (SEC)-a multifaceted construct that measures a person's socioeconomic standing in society, using indicators such as education and income, predicts emotional health (depression and anxiety) risk during the pandemic. Furthermore, we examined which classes of SEC indicators would best predict symptoms of emotional disorders. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted search over six databases, including Scopus, PubMed, etc., between November 4, 2021 and November 11, 2021 for studies that investigated how SEC indicators predict emotional health risks during Covid-19, after obtaining approval from PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021288508). Using Covidence as the platform, 362 articles (324 cross-sectional/repeated cross-sectional and 38 longitudinal) were included in this review according to the eligibility criteria. We categorized SEC indicators into 'actual versus perceived' and 'static versus fluid' classes to explore their differential effects on emotional health. RESULTS Out of the 1479 SEC indicators used in these 362 studies, our results showed that 43.68% of the SEC indicators showed 'expected' results (i.e., higher SEC predicting better emotional health outcomes); 51.86% reported non-significant results and 4.46% reported the reverse. Economic concerns (67.16% expected results) and financial strains (64.16%) emerged as the best predictors while education (26.85%) and living conditions (30.14%) were the worst. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes how different SEC indicators influenced emotional health risks across 98 countries, with a total of 5,677,007 participants, ranging from high to low-income countries. Our findings showed that not all SEC indicators were strongly predictive of emotional health risks. In fact, over half of the SEC indicators studied showed a null effect. We found that perceived and fluid SEC indicators, particularly economic concerns and financial strain could best predict depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings have implications for policymakers to further understand how different SEC classes affect mental health during a pandemic in order to tackle associated social issues effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Kei Chan
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Sunway University Malaysia, Room: 4-4-11, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Aleya A Marzuki
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Samira Vafa
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Arjun Thanaraju
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Jie Yap
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Xiou Wen Chan
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hanis Atasha Harris
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Khushi Todi
- Department of Psychology, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Alexandre Schaefer
- Department of Psychology, Sunway University Malaysia, Jalan Universiti, No 5, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Mariño-Narvaez C, Puertas-Gonzalez JA, Romero-Gonzalez B, Kraneis MC, Peralta-Ramirez MI. Pregnant women's mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic according to the trimester of pregnancy. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37942780 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2023.2279039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to analyse the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women according to the pregnancy trimester, comparing their psychopathological symptomatology, pregnancy-specific stress, resilience and perceived stress to those of women pregnant before the pandemic. METHODS A total of 797 pregnant women participated in the study, one group of 393 women pregnant before the pandemic and the other of 404 women pregnant during the pandemic. Student-t test was used to analyse continuous data and the Chi-square test was used for categorical data. RESULTS Psychopathological symptomatology was significantly higher in six subscales of the SCL-90-R in pregnant women during COVID-19: somatisation, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, obsessions-compulsions, mainly on the first two trimesters. There is also a higher level of pregnancy-specific stress in pregnant women during the pandemic on the first two trimesters, most likely due to the hypervigilance and fears related to the COVID-19 disease. Nevertheless, perceived stress, usually elevated during pregnancy, was lower in women pregnant during the pandemic in comparison to those pregnant before, as a positive consequence of being on lockdown and diminishing the exposure to daily stressful situations. CONCLUSIONS Knowing the struggles these women go through during each trimester of pregnancy can be the key to a better health professional-patient relationship, consequently having a positive impact on their mental and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose A Puertas-Gonzalez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Romero-Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | - Marie-Christin Kraneis
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Peralta-Ramirez
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Seok DB, Ju HO. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2023; 29:44-54. [PMID: 37037450 PMCID: PMC10085663 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2023.02.21.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Uncertainty and restrictions on daily life have increased fear, stress, and depression during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Depression is the most common mental health problem in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of fear and stress related to COVID-19 experienced by pregnant women, as well as their levels of depression, and to examine the factors associated with depression during pregnancy.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, correlational study conducted among 153 pregnant women who visited a maternity hospital in Busan, South Korea. A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection from December 18, 2021 to March 8, 2022. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: Pregnant women experienced a moderate level of fear related to COVID-19, with an average score of 21.55±4.90. The average score for depression during pregnancy was 14.86±11.10, with 50.3% of the participants experiencing depression (13). The factors associated with depression during pregnancy were fear of COVID-19, contact with a confirmed case of COVID-19, being in the third trimester of pregnancy, high stress levels due to difficulties experienced from social distancing measures, and unintended pregnancy. These five statistically significant factors explained 35.0% of variance in depression during pregnancy.Conclusion: Considering the prevalence of depression in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to develop interventions to reduce anxiety by providing correct information and alleviating the stress of social distancing.
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Zou D, Chen C. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of new mothers in China: A qualitative study of mothers with infants aged 0–1 year old. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1138349. [PMID: 37050962 PMCID: PMC10083314 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1138349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundChina has implemented a strict epidemic control policy (ECP) for 3 years during the COVID-19 pandemic. New mothers are under great psychological pressure to protect themselves against the virus, following the ECP, as well as taking on the main responsibility of raising their children. However, the mental health of this group has been neglected by the public. This article aims to understand the mental health of new mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodQualitative research methods were adopted in this study. From 1 October to 1 November 2022, we conducted in-depth interviews with 36 new mothers in Guiyang, Guizhou, China, and used thematic analysis to examine their emotional status, as well as the origins of their negative and positive emotions.Results(1) New mothers are chronically depressed, feeling anxious, and upset. (2) Negative emotions are caused either by the virus or by the ECP. (3) New mothers are mainly anxious about their children's physical health, feeding options, childcare, and family income. (4) Positive emotions are reflected by tight parent–child bonds, a better understanding of childcare, and an increased ability to perceive risks.ConclusionThe anxiety of new mothers has revealed the shortcomings of the Chinese health system in the emergency management of the mother and child. At the same time, the outbreak is an opportunity to improve the response management capacity of the health system in order to prevent the recurrence of similar problems for mothers and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zou
- School of Marxism, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Literature and Journalism, Qiannan University of Science and Technology, Qiannan, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Chen
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Lalor JG, Sheaf G, Mulligan A, Ohaja M, Clive A, Murphy-Tighe S, Ng ED, Shorey S. Parental experiences with changes in maternity care during the Covid-19 pandemic: A mixed-studies systematic review. Women Birth 2023; 36:e203-e212. [PMID: 35973917 PMCID: PMC9364727 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women were identified as a high-risk and vulnerable group. To reduce risk of transmission, maternity healthcare services were modified to limit exposure but maintain services for pregnant women. However, the change in hospital practice may have compromised quality maternal care standards. Therefore, this review aims to explore parental experiences and views with maternity care received from healthcare institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A mixed studies systematic review was conducted. Six electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Maternity and Infant Care) were searched for qualitative, observational, and mixed method studies from the year 2019 to February 2022. Study quality was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Quantitative findings were converted to narrative findings. Data was synthesised thematically using a convergent synthesis design. RESULTS Fifty-eight articles were included. Four themes were generated: (1) Distress associated with COVID-19 regulations (perception of hospital restrictions, confusion with ever changing policies), (2) adaptability with maternity services (prenatal: changes in birth plans, prenatal: altered antenatal appointments, education, and care, intrapartum: medicalization of birth, postpartum: varied views on care received and Breastfeeding woes, postpartum: skin-to-skin contact and mother infant bonding) (3) importance of support persons, and (4) future direction for maternity services. CONCLUSIONS Parental experiences highlighted how maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic did not adhere to WHO standards of quality maternity care. This calls for healthcare institutions to continuously appraise the implementation of restrictive practices that deviate from evidence-based frameworks underpinning quality care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Gabrielle Lalor
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, 24 D’Olier St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Greg Sheaf
- The Library of Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Andrea Mulligan
- School of Law, Trinity College Dublin, House 39, New Square, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Magdalena Ohaja
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Ashamole Clive
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, 24 D’Olier St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Esperanza Debby Ng
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Block MD11,10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | - Shefaly Shorey
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Block MD11,10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore.
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Mesquita A, Costa R, Bina R, Cadarso-Suárez C, Gude F, Díaz-Louzao C, Dikmen-Yildiz P, Osorio A, Mateus V, Domínguez-Salas S, Vousoura E, Levy D, Alfayumi-Zeadna S, Wilson CA, Contreras-García Y, Carrasco-Portiño M, Saldivia S, Christoforou A, Hadjigeorgiou E, Felice E, Buhagiar R, Hancheva C, Ajaz E, Uka A, Motrico E. A cross-country study on the impact of governmental responses to the COVID-19 pandemic on perinatal mental health. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2805. [PMID: 36797263 PMCID: PMC9933810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the role of governmental responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, measured by the Containment and Health Index (CHI), on symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy and postpartum, while considering the countries' Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) and individual factors such as age, gravidity, and exposure to COVID-19. A cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Riseup-PPD-COVID-19 observational prospective international study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04595123) was carried out between June and October 2020 in 12 countries (Albania, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Malta, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, and the United Kingdom). Participants were 7645 pregnant women or mothers in the postpartum period-with an infant aged up to 6 months-who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) or the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) during pregnancy or the postpartum period. The overall prevalence of clinically significant depression symptoms (EPDS ≥ 13) was 30%, ranging from 20,5% in Cyprus to 44,3% in Brazil. The prevalence of clinically significant anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥ 10) was 23,6% (ranging from 14,2% in Israel and Turkey to 39,5% in Brazil). Higher symptoms of anxiety or depression were observed in multigravida exposed to COVID-19 or living in countries with a higher number of deaths due to COVID-19. Furthermore, multigravida from countries with lower IHDI or CHI had higher symptoms of anxiety and depression. Perinatal mental health is context-dependent, with women from more disadvantaged countries at higher risk for poor mental health. Implementing more restrictive measures seems to be a protective factor for mental health, at least in the initial phase of the COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mesquita
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- ProChild CoLAB, Campus de Azurém, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Costa
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas,n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Hei-Lab: Digital Human-Environment Interaction Lab, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sports, Lusófona University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rena Bina
- School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Carmen Cadarso-Suárez
- Department of Statistics, Mathematical Analysis, and Optimization, Group of Biostatistics and Biomedical Data Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Gude
- Department of Epidemiology, Research Group On Epidemiology of Common Diseases, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carla Díaz-Louzao
- Department of Statistics, Mathematical Analysis, and Optimization, Group of Biostatistics and Biomedical Data Science, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Research Group On Epidemiology of Common Diseases, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela Health Research Institute (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Ana Osorio
- Graduate Program on Developmental Disorders and Mackenzie Center for Research in Childhood and Adolescence, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Mateus
- Graduate Program on Developmental Disorders and Mackenzie Center for Research in Childhood and Adolescence, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eleni Vousoura
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Drorit Levy
- School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Samira Alfayumi-Zeadna
- The Center for Women's Health Studies and Promotion, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
- Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, 78682, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Claire A Wilson
- Section of Women's Mental Health, King's College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yolanda Contreras-García
- Department of Obstetrics and Puericulture. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Mercedes Carrasco-Portiño
- Department of Obstetrics and Puericulture. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Sandra Saldivia
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Andri Christoforou
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, European University Cyprus, Engomi, Cyprus
| | - Eleni Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Ethel Felice
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | | | | | - Erilda Ajaz
- Department of Education and English Language, Beder University College, Tirana, Albania
| | - Ana Uka
- Department of Education and English Language, Beder University College, Tirana, Albania
| | - Emma Motrico
- Psychology Department, Universidad Loyola Andalucia, Sevilla, Spain.
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Delanerolle G, McCauley M, Hirsch M, Zeng Y, Cong X, Cavalini H, Sajid S, Shetty A, Rathod S, Shi JQ, Hapangama DK, Phiri P. The prevalence of mental ill-health in women during pregnancy and after childbirth during the Covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:76. [PMID: 36709255 PMCID: PMC9883834 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review aims to explore the prevalence of the impact of the COVID-19, MERS, and SARS pandemics on the mental health of pregnant women. METHODS All COVID-19, SARS and MERS studies that evaluated the mental health of pregnant women with/without gynaecological conditions that were reported in English between December 2000 - July 2021 were included. The search criteria were developed based upon the research question using PubMed, Science Direct, Ovid PsycINFO and EMBASE databases. A wide search criterion was used to ensure the inclusion of all pregnant women with existing gynaecological conditions. The Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale was used to assess the risk of bias for all included studies. Random effects model with restricted maximum-likelihood estimation method was applied for the meta-analysis and I-square statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity across studies. The pooled prevalence rates of symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD, stress, and sleep disorders with 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed. RESULTS This systematic review identified 217 studies which included 638,889 pregnant women or women who had just given birth. There were no studies reporting the mental health impact due to MERS and SARS. Results showed that women who were pregnant or had just given birth displayed various symptoms of poor mental health including those relating to depression (24.9%), anxiety (32.8%), stress (29.44%), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (27.93%), and sleep disorders (24.38%) during the COVID-19 pandemic. DISCUSSION It is important to note that studies included in this review used a range of outcome measures which does not allow for direct comparisons between findings. Most studies reported self-reported measure of symptoms without clinical diagnoses so conclusions can be made for symptom prevalence rather than of mental illness. The importance of managing mental health during pregnancy and after-delivery improves the quality of life and wellbeing of mothers hence developing an evidence-based approached as part of pandemic preparedness would improve mental health during challenging times. OTHER The work presented in this manuscript was not funded by any specific grants. A study protocol was developed and published in PROSPERO (CRD42021235356) to explore several key objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Delanerolle
- Nuffield Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Uuniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Research and Innovation Department, Clinical Trials Facility, Tom Rudd Unit Moorgreen Hospital, Botley Road, West End, Southampton, SO30 3JB, UK
| | - Mary McCauley
- Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Martin Hirsch
- University College London, London, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Yutian Zeng
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Cong
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Heitor Cavalini
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Research and Innovation Department, Clinical Trials Facility, Tom Rudd Unit Moorgreen Hospital, Botley Road, West End, Southampton, SO30 3JB, UK
| | - Sana Sajid
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Research and Innovation Department, Clinical Trials Facility, Tom Rudd Unit Moorgreen Hospital, Botley Road, West End, Southampton, SO30 3JB, UK
| | - Ashish Shetty
- University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Shanaya Rathod
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Research and Innovation Department, Clinical Trials Facility, Tom Rudd Unit Moorgreen Hospital, Botley Road, West End, Southampton, SO30 3JB, UK
| | - Jian Qing Shi
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- National Center for Applied Mathematics, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Peter Phiri
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Research and Innovation Department, Clinical Trials Facility, Tom Rudd Unit Moorgreen Hospital, Botley Road, West End, Southampton, SO30 3JB, UK.
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Sobierajski T, Krzystanek M. Shades of Fear-Mental and Physical Health Reactions to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Representative Study of Polish Society. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2245. [PMID: 36767613 PMCID: PMC9915425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The study was carried out one year after the establishment of the pandemic state in the European Union (EU), the situation at the end of the next wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. The survey was conducted on a representative sample of Polish people using Computer Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI), considering several demographic categories, such as sex, age, place of residence, education, and monthly income. The survey's main objective was to find out whether the respondents feel fear related to pandemics and living in a pandemic, and if so, what the psychological and physiological symptoms of this fear are. Half of the respondents (50.2%) declared that they felt fear about what their life would look like after the pandemic, and every tenth person (10.1%) marked the highest level of fear on the scale. The respondents felt the psychological symptoms of the pandemic much more often than they felt the physical ones. The most common psychological symptoms were fear of the future (38.5% of them gave "often" and "very often" responses, together), despondency (29.2% of them gave "often" and "very often" responses), and mental tension (28.9% of them gave "often" and "very often" responses). A detailed analysis of data from representative studies showed that the responses in a pandemic are strongly determined by demographic categories, mainly sex and age, and they differ depending on the social group to which a person belongs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Sobierajski
- Faculty of Applied Social Sciences and Resocialization, Warsaw University, 26/28 Krakowskie Przedmieście Str., 00-927 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Krzystanek
- Clinic of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 45/47 Ziołowa Str., 40-635 Katowice, Poland
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SARS-CoV-2 Infection Anxiety, Knowledge and Attitudes in University Degree Pregnant Women from Romania-A Cross-Sectional Observational Survey in the First Two Pandemic Years. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:vaccines11010035. [PMID: 36679880 PMCID: PMC9864279 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic had a high economic cost, morbidity, and death toll. Due to high rates of mortality and morbidity from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), pregnant women were at particular risk during this pandemic. We designed and conducted a cross-sectional observational survey in Romanian pregnant women to evaluate the outcome of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic along with the preventive measures taken by authorities. We applied a 43-item questionnaire. We included 147 women over 18 years old from Romania who were pregnant or gave birth between March 2020 and March 2022. All pregnancies were monitored, most of them by a gynecologist, and only 23% faced rescheduled pregnancy visits. The majority (84%) were screened through the TORCH panel, 95.91% felt anxious because of the pandemic, 87% followed SARS-CoV2 preventive recommendations, and 82% were not infected with the coronavirus. Additionally, 80% were vaccinated against COVID-19. They felt the consequences of the pandemic through anxiety, and their level of anxiety influenced their vaccination decisions, the TORCH testing and the method of giving birth despite the level of education. Fortunately, their pregnancies were monitored properly, and there were no consequences noticed for fetuses at birth.
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11
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Differentiated mental health patterns in pregnancy during COVID-19 first two waves in Sweden: a mixed methods study using digital phenotyping. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21253. [PMID: 36481663 PMCID: PMC9731976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To utilize modern tools to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, wellbeing and life conditions in pregnant women during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. Pregnant women (n = 1577) were recruited through the mobile application Mom2B. Symptoms of depression, anxiety and wellbeing were assessed during January 2020-February 2021. Movement data was collected using the phone's sensor. Data on Google search volumes for "Corona" and Covid-related deaths were obtained. Qualitative analysis of free text responses regarding maternity care was performed. Two peaks were seen for depressive symptoms, corresponding to the two waves. Higher prevalence of anxiety was only noted during the first wave. A moderating effect of the two waves in the association of depression, anxiety, and well-being with Covid deaths was noted; positive associations during the first wave and attenuated or became negative during the second wave. Throughout, women reported on cancelled healthcare appointments and worry about partners not being allowed in hospital. The association of mental health outcomes with relevant covariates may vary during the different phases in a pandemic, possibly due to adaptation strategies on a personal and societal/healthcare level. Digital phenotyping can help healthcare providers and governmental bodies to in real time monitor high-risk groups during crises, and to adjust the support offered.
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Liu CH, Koire A, Feldman N, Erdei C, Mittal L. COVID-19-related health worries and generalized anxiety symptoms: Higher risks in perinatal women without a pre-existing generalized anxiety diagnosis. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114918. [PMID: 37732861 PMCID: PMC9584754 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The perinatal period has been well-established as a time of vulnerability to anxiety, as has the COVID-19 pandemic. Perinatal women with a prior diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) may be anticipated to be at particular risk for elevated symptom burden when facing the overlay of these stressors. This study examined whether pre-existing anxiety exacerbates COVID-19-related health worries on anxiety symptom severity among a sample of women who entered perinatal status during the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed COVID-19-related health worries, past diagnosis of GAD, and current generalized anxiety symptoms cross-sectionally in 1,587 perinatal U.S. women during the COVID-19 pandemic (May 21, 2020 to June 24, 2021). Among perinatal women who reported high levels of COVID-19-related health worries, those with a pre-existing GAD diagnosis were 3.56 times more likely to score at clinically significant levels of generalized anxiety, while those without a pre-existing GAD diagnosis were 6.51 times more likely. COVID-19-related health worries posed a larger risk for elevated anxiety symptoms among those without a pre-existing diagnosis of GAD. Greater access to treatment and psychoeducation for such individuals may be warranted for individuals without a pre-existing mental health diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy H Liu
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave. Boston, MA, USA 02115; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115.
| | - Amanda Koire
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115
| | - Natalie Feldman
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115
| | - Carmina Erdei
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave. Boston, MA, USA 02115; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115
| | - Leena Mittal
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, USA 02115
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Ahmed M, Amin F, Taj A, Durrani N. Antenatal anxiety and depression: Frequency and correlates during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:6407-6415. [PMID: 36618208 PMCID: PMC9810941 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_911_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Mental health ailments like anxiety and depression are common during the antenatal period. Uncertainty during COVID-19 pandemic has markedly increased its prevalence in the general population. Pregnancy, being emotionally and physically exhausting, makes mothers more susceptible to developing mental disorders like anxiety and depression. Aims To investigate prevalence and associated risk factors of antenatal anxiety and depression among women in Karachi, Pakistan. Settings and Design This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology during May 2020 till May 2021. Methods and Material The study explored anxiety, depression, and associated factors in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at a tertiary care hospital located in Karachi, Pakistan, during the COVID-19 pandemic by using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) as a screening tool. Statistical Analysis Data was entered in SPSS version 21 for statistical analysis. Results A total of 390 patients were enrolled in the study with mean age of 28.06 ± 4.52 years. Mean week of pregnancy at the time of enrolment into the study was 32.7 ± 3.1. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was 46.7% and 33.1%, respectively. On multivariable analysis, polyhydramnios was a risk factor of anxiety, whereas low income and unplanned pregnancy were substantially linked to depression. Fear of visiting doctor was a common risk factor for both anxiety and depression. Conclusion In a catastrophe like the COVID-19 pandemic, attempts to address heightened anxiety during antenatal visits will undoubtedly benefit maternal and fetal mental health. As a response, strategies to manage high anxiety symptoms should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marium Ahmed
- Department of Family Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan,Address for correspondence: Dr. Marium Ahmed, Department of Family Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan. E-mail:
| | - Faridah Amin
- Department of Community Health Department, The Indus Hospital Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Taj
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Noureen Durrani
- Department of Publication, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
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Craina M, Iacob D, Dima M, Bernad S, Silaghi C, Moza A, Pantea M, Gluhovschi A, Bernad E. Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Findings of Pregnant Women with Possible Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2-Case Series. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10916. [PMID: 36078626 PMCID: PMC9518023 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic significantly impacted the general population's health. At times, the infection has unfavorably influenced pregnancy evolution and the result of birth. However, vertical transmission of the virus is rare and generates controversial discussions. The study aimed to highlight the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of pregnant women with confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with possible vertical transmission and identify possible factors that encourage vertical transmission. Between 1 April 2020 and 31 December 2021, 281 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 gave birth in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments of the tertiary unit of County Emergency Clinical Hospital from Timisoara. Three newborns (1.06%) tested positive. The characteristic of these three cases was described as a short series. In two cases, the patients were asymptomatic. In one case, the patient developed a mild form of COVID-19 with a favorable evolution in all cases. We did not identify the presence of smoking history, vaccine before admission, atypical presentation, fever, or chest X-ray abnormalities. We note possible factors that encourage vertical transmission: Pregnancy-induced hypertension, thrombophilia, asymptomatic cough, an asymptomatic or mild form of the disease, a ruptured membrane, and cesarean. The laboratory results highlight the inconstant presence of some changes found in the list of potential predictors of the severity of the infection: Lymphopenia, high values of C-reactive protein, D-dimer, fibrinogen, platelets, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin. The study's conclusion of this small group suggests that there may have been an intrauterine infection in late pregnancy and described characteristics of the pregnant women. Possible risk factors that could encourage vertical transmission have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Craina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, County Clinical Emergency Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Iacob
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirabela Dima
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sandor Bernad
- Romanian Academy Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Avenue, 24, 300275 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Carmen Silaghi
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, County Clinical Emergency Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Moza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Manuela Pantea
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Gluhovschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Bernad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, County Clinical Emergency Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
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Sweet L, Muller A, Kearney L, Martis R, Hartney N, Davey K, Daellenbach R, Hall H, Atchan M. Predictors and impact of women's breastfeeding self-efficacy and postnatal care in the context of a pandemic in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. Midwifery 2022; 114:103462. [PMID: 36001943 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy, postnatal care experiences, and there subsequent impact on breastfeeding outcomes in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN A cross-sectional online survey collected data between August and October 2020 with recruitment via social media. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analyses, and linear and logistic regression analysis related to the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form findings. Open text responses were analyzed using content analysis. FINDINGS There were 1001 complete responses. Visitor restrictions impacted the woman's early parenting experience in both positive and negative ways. One third of participants stated their postnatal needs were not met with 82 stating that they had no postnatal care at all. During the first six weeks postnatal, 48.1% felt not very or not at all confident caring for their baby. Despite 94.3% of participants initiating breastfeeding, only 70% were exclusively breastfeeding at six weeks. The mean self-efficacy score was 49.98 suggesting the need for additional help, with first time mothers having a statistically significant lower score. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Sub-optimal postnatal care and support negatively influence breastfeeding self-efficacy. Women desired additional help during the COVID-19 pandemic inclusive of support and education to meet their postnatal needs and exclusively breastfeed. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Women require appropriate and timely postnatal care and support to promote confidence in caring for baby and achieve their breastfeeding goals. Preferably this care should be provided face-to-face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sweet
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood 3125, Australia; Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Western Health Partnership, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Amanda Muller
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lauren Kearney
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Ruth Martis
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Nicki Hartney
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood 3125, Australia
| | - Kym Davey
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Australia
| | - Rea Daellenbach
- Department of Health Practice, Ara Institute of Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Helen Hall
- School of Health, Federation University, Australia
| | - Marjorie Atchan
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Public Health, University of Canberra, Australia
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Gómez-Baya D, Gómez-Gómez I, Domínguez-Salas S, Rodríguez-Domínguez C, Motrico E. The influence of lifestyles to cope with stress over mental health in pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-20. [PMID: 35729900 PMCID: PMC9200375 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03287-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected daily life routines and lifestyles of pregnant and postpartum women and increased their stress and risk of suffering from mental health problems. The aim of this study was to analyse which sociodemographic variables, COVID-19 exposure variables and lifestyles to cope with stress variables predicted anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms in pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional design was performed with a sample of 3356 Spanish women participating in the Riseup-PPD-COVID-19 study. These participants completed an online survey composed of measures of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (EPDS), and PTSD related to COVID-19 (Checklist DSM-5), as well as demographics, exposure to COVID-19, and lifestyles to cope with stress. Regarding results, 47.2% showed depression and a third reported anxiety, whereas moderate scores were observed in PTSD symptoms. The most commonly used strategies to cope with stress in the COVID-19 pandemic were talking with friends and family and increasing time with social networks. Better results in mental health were associated with coping strategies such as talking with family and friends or participating in family activities, physical activity, sleeping well at night, eating healthier, and increasing personal care. Furthermore, poor results in mental health were observed in those participants who increased time with screens, ate fast food, reported substance use, and talked more frequently with health professionals. More symptoms were also observed in younger women, primiparous women, and those who reported more exposure to COVID-19. The results underline the need to strengthen the mental health of pregnant and postpartum women. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04595123.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gómez-Baya
- Department of Social, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Irene Gómez-Gómez
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Dos Hermanas, Seville Spain
| | - Sara Domínguez-Salas
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Dos Hermanas, Seville Spain
| | | | - Emma Motrico
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Dos Hermanas, Seville Spain
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Sh Nur MA, Dahie HA, Hassan NA, Garba B, Adam MHA, Mohamoud JH, Dirie NI. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus antibodies and sociodemographic features of pregnant women in Mogadishu, Somalia: a cross-sectional survey study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059617. [PMID: 35680266 PMCID: PMC9185162 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent investigations have revealed that COVID-19 during pregnancy substantially increases the risk of harmful outcomes for mothers and neonates, including preterm death and stillbirth as well as severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Hence, the urgent need to understand the prevalence rate and level of awareness about COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 virus infection) and the practice of preventive measures against the disease among pregnant women in Somalia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 among pregnant women seeking antenatal care in the Benadir region (Mogadishu) of Somalia and to assess their knowledge and preventive practices towards COVID-19. SETTING A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving two major referral maternity hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women seeking antenatal services were included in our study. METHODS A total of 477 blood samples were collected from pregnant women attending the two referral hospitals in Mogadishu and screened for COVID-19. The participants were subjected to questionnaire interviews where their detailed history and practice of prevention against COVID-19 were evaluated. RESULTS The results showed that 175 (36.7%) were positive while 302 (63.3%) samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 virus antibodies. Also, out of the 141 pregnant women who had two children or less, 19.4% were positive for IgG/IgM antibodies. Participants who had close contact with patients with COVID-19 were significantly associated for testing positive with a p value 0.0001. Students, teachers, employed people and individuals reported COVID-19 like symptoms were all associated with COVID-19 seropositivity outcomes. CONCLUSION Pregnant women and those with commorbidies should be given special preventive care and health education about COVID-19 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryan Abdullahi Sh Nur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Sumait Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Benadir, Somalia
| | - Hassan Abdullahi Dahie
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Benadir, Somalia
| | - Nima Abdi Hassan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jazeera University Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Jazeera University, Mogadishu, Benadir, Somalia
| | - Bashiru Garba
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Mohamed Husein Adam Adam
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Benadir, Somalia
| | - Jamal Hassan Mohamoud
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Benadir, Somalia
| | - Najib Isse Dirie
- Urology Department, Dr. Sumait Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Benadir, Somalia
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Dewi IP, Fatmawati A, Aisyah PS, Linawati SL. Qur’anic Bibliotherapy Intervention in Pregnant Women Experiencing Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The disease caused by coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) has been stated as a global epidemic by the WHO. The COVID-19 pandemic adds many risk factors to maternal mental health during the perinatal period. The impact of anxiety during pregnancy is adverse obstetric consequences such as premature birth, inadequate antenatal care, requests for elective cesarean delivery, low APGAR scores of infants, and postpartum depression. Nursing interventions to overcome anxiety can be done through spiritual and religious intervention approaches. One of the spiritual interventions for the Muslim population to improve religious coping is Qur’anic Bibliotherapy (QB) as Islamic bibliotherapy.
AIM: This study aimed to explore the use of QB interventions for pregnant women experiencing anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: A qualitative exploratory study was conducted to explore the experience of the intervention given to the informant. The qualitative samples were ten respondents with moderate-to-severe anxiety levels. The anxiety instrument used was the Zung Anxiety Scale.
RESULTS: The themes obtained from in-depth interviews with semi-structured interviews were recognizing COVID-19 and its perceived impact, the impetus for changing resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic, parents’ role, and the benefits of QB for pregnant women in the COVID-19 pandemic.
CONCLUSIONS: QB encourages informants’ positive thinking, feeling, spiritual, and attitude patterns. QB can be used as a complementary Islamic intervention for health workers, especially nurses, in providing nursing care to Muslim patients.
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Caballero-Galilea M, Martínez-Miguel E, Fernández Gonzalo JC, Saiz de la Cuesta Abbad R, Rubio Alonso M. Digitized Prenatal Newsletter: Impact on Obstetric Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052773. [PMID: 35270467 PMCID: PMC8910286 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The high demand for health information from pregnant women has encouraged the creation of an informative program through a weekly digital newsletter. The objective of this study is to evaluate its quality as a digital communication medium, in terms of satisfaction and loyalty to the pregnancy follow-up and delivery service. A cross-sectional, prospective study was carried out, surveying 179 patients by means of an online self-referral questionnaire including variables related to humanization, information needs, perceived accompaniment and satisfaction, as well as factors related to its influence on their decision to remain loyal to the center. A total of 81.2% of the participants showed high levels of satisfaction with the program. Satisfaction among nulliparous patients was significantly lower in several aspects. The resolution of doubts and the perception of peace of mind following the information received was positive for 54.8%. Of the patients in the program, 88.8% finally remained at the center, showing a strong influence of the program on their decision (mean value 75 on 1 to 100 scale). A weekly digital newsletter with specific information reduced the demand for information from pregnant women, generating high levels of satisfaction and positively influencing the decision to remain loyal to the Center.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Caballero-Galilea
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (J.C.F.G.)
| | - Esther Martínez-Miguel
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (J.C.F.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Juan Carlos Fernández Gonzalo
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (J.C.F.G.)
| | - Ricardo Saiz de la Cuesta Abbad
- Departament of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Margarita Rubio Alonso
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
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