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Smith L, Sánchez GFL, Konrad M, Veronese N, Soysal P, Koyanagi A, Kaur N, Kostev K. Association between COVID-19 and subsequent depression diagnoses-A retrospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION HEALTH 2024; 72:202532. [PMID: 38852234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeph.2024.202532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 and the cumulative incidence of depression and the potential role of sick leave in a large representative sample of German adults. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was based on the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA) data. This study included individuals aged ≥16 years with a COVID-19 diagnosis in 1284 general practices in Germany between March 2020 and December 2021, and the propensity score matched cohort without COVID-19. Univariable Cox regression analysis assessed the association between COVID-19 and depression. RESULTS The present study included 61,736 individuals with and 61,736 without COVID-19 (mean age 46.1 years; 49 % women). Patients visited their physicians about 4.3 times per year during the follow-up period. About 25.5 % of patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 in 2020 and 74.5 % in 2021. In this representative sample of German adults, COVID-19 infection was associated with a higher cumulative incidence of depression, and this cumulative incidence was greater in women than men. As compared with non-COVID-19, COVID-19 with ≤2 weeks sick leave duration was associated with 17 % higher depression risk (HR: 1.17; 95 % CI: 1.09-2.16), COVID-19 with >2-4 weeks sick leave duration with 37 % higher depression risk (HR: 1.37; 95 % CI: 1.11-1.69), and COVID-19 with >4 weeks sick leave duration with 2 times higher depression risk (HR: 2.00; 95 % CI: 1.45-2.76). CONCLUSION COVID-19 sick leave was positively associated with a risk for depression, and the longer the duration of sick leave, the higher the cumulative incidence of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marcel Konrad
- FOM University of Applied Sciences for Economics and Management, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Karel Kostev
- University Clinic of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Ottiger M, Poppele I, Sperling N, Schlesinger T, Müller K. Work ability and return-to-work of patients with post-COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1811. [PMID: 38973011 PMCID: PMC11229229 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to several sequelae of post-COVID-19, individuals also experience significant limitations in work ability, resulting in negative consequences for the return-to-work (RTW) process. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the impact of post-COVID-19 on work ability and RTW of individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS Studies on the work ability and RTW of patients with post-COVID-19 (more than 12 weeks after an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection) were regarded eligible for inclusion. Systematic search of literature was performed up to March 2023 using five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL and WHO COVID 19). Study selection followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) Statement. A meta-analysis estimated the overall success rate of RTW. The risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS 19 relevant studies, published between 2021 and 2023, were included in the systematic review, involving 21.155 patients from 14 different countries. The findings indicate that a significant proportion of individuals with post-COVID-19 experience persistent symptoms and functional impairments, with fatigue being the most prominent symptom. These persistent symptoms can have a considerable (negative) impact on individuals' physical and psychological capacity to participate in work-related activities, leading to lower work ability and increased absenteeism. The RTW for post-COVID-19 patients is complex, with approximately 60.9% of patients successfully returning to work after 12 or more weeks following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among those who successfully returning to work, a considerable number need modifications in their work duties or hours to cope with residual impairments. Factors such as workplace accommodations, supportive policies, and occupational rehabilitation programs play a crucial role in facilitating successful RTW. CONCLUSIONS The systematic review underscores the substantial impact of post-COVID-19 on work-related outcomes. The implications of this research highlight the need for healthcare providers, employers, and policymakers to collaborate in creating inclusive work environments and implementing tailored rehabilitation programs to support individuals recovering from post-COVID-19. Further research should focus on long-term follow-up studies with mixed methods to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the long-term consequences of post-COVID-19 on work ability and RTW outcomes. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023385436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Ottiger
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Iris Poppele
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Naveen Sperling
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Torsten Schlesinger
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Katrin Müller
- Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany
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Müllenmeister C, El-Sayed I, Heinemann S, Schröder D, Müller F, Hummers E, Stölting A, Happle C, Dopfer-Jablonka A, Marotzki U, Schmachtenberg T. Navigating uncertainty: occupational therapists' experiences of Long COVID management in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38958213 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2367603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long COVID presents global challenges for healthcare professionals. Occupational therapists responded by seeking effective treatment strategies. The approaches of occupational therapists supporting long-haulers in German-speaking countries remain under-explored. The purpose of this study is to explore how occupational therapists in Germany, Austria and Switzerland navigate and apply profession-specific strategies in the new clinical landscape of Long COVID care. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study used qualitative-descriptive design and content analysis to extract insights from seven semi-structured interviews with occupational therapists in inpatient and outpatient settings from three countries. RESULTS Four overarching themes emerged: how Long COVID was encountered within the scope of occupational therapy, the multifaceted repertoire experts used to support long haulers, triumphs and challenges that emerged in Long COVID treatment, and recommendations and opportunities for occupational therapy practice. The results underscore the complex support needed for long-haulers, achieved through a multifaceted occupational therapy repertoire, incorporating client-centred, occupation-focused, and context-referencing strategies with shared decision-making and collaborative therapy planning. CONCLUSIONS Occupational therapy concepts, with their focus on human occupation, may offer new treatment options and strategies for managing emerging conditions such as Long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman El-Sayed
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Dominik Schröder
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Family Medicine, MI State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Eva Hummers
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Stölting
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Christine Happle
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-Stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Marotzki
- Faculty of Social Work and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Tim Schmachtenberg
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
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Björkdahl A, Gustafsson M, Öhlén H, Jarl S, Santos Tavares Silva I. Exploring the impact of cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, and shortness of breath on activities of daily life after COVID-19 infection, until 1-year follow-up. J Rehabil Med 2024; 56:jrm35403. [PMID: 38915292 PMCID: PMC11218676 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v56.35403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite expanding knowledge on COVID-19, the long-term effects on daily-life activities remain unclear. The prevalence and changes in fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and activity limitations in the first year after COVID-19 infection in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients were explored. SUBJECTS A total of 122 patients were recruited from hospital care and 90 from primary care. METHOD Baseline data comprised the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Trail Making Test. Participants were followed up at 3 and 12 months using these tests and a semi-structured interview to identify symptoms and how they affected participation in daily-life activities. Both within- and between-group analyses were performed to explore changes over time and compare groups. RESULT High levels of fatigue and cognitive dysfunction were found in both groups, which persisted for 12 months. A significant impact on daily-life activities was also observed, with marginal change at the 12-month follow-up. The hospital care group performed worse than the primary care group in the cognitive tests, although the primary care group perceived a higher level of fatigue and cognitive dysfunction. Activity limitations were higher in the primary care group than in the hospital care group. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the need for long-term follow-up and further investigation of the impact of persistent deficits on rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Björkdahl
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Gothenburg, Sweden; University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Marie Gustafsson
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hilda Öhlén
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sara Jarl
- Primary care rehabilitation, Region of Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Iolanda Santos Tavares Silva
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Gothenburg, Sweden; University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Scott HM, Neale S, Harrington E, Hodgson H, Hitch D. Occupational therapy practice for post-acute COVID-19 inpatients requiring rehabilitation. Aust Occup Ther J 2024. [PMID: 38877567 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 caused significant occupational disruption to people's life roles, with some people requiring an inpatient rehabilitation admission. Occupational therapists assessed and treated these patients using previous knowledge of similar conditions due to limited specificity in available guidelines to inform practice. The aim of this study was to investigate current practice with post-acute COVID-19 (PAC) patients within an inpatient rehabilitation setting in Australia, to better understand the role and impact of occupational therapy. METHODS A mixed-method study was conducted, including electronic medical record audits (October 2021 October 2022) and descriptive patient interviews at a large metropolitan subacute service. Descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis were used to summarise and interpret data. CONSUMER AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT No involvement. RESULTS A total of 24 patient electronic medical records were audited, and 10 patient interviews were completed. Three overarching categories were identified within the 685 occasions of occupational therapy service audited-occupational engagement, education provision and discharge planning. Patients identified the value of occupational therapy by reflecting on their lived experiences of engaging with occupational therapists and associated changes in occupational performance between COVID-19 diagnoses and discharge home. CONCLUSION Occupational therapists possess a unique skill set that directly addresses the occupational needs and priorities of PAC patients. This study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting the contribution of occupational therapy to the management of COVID-19; however, further research is needed to develop evidence-based practice resources and advocate for system changes that improve quality of life for COVID-19 patients. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY During the COVID-19 pandemic, a lot of people got very sick. Some of these people needed more time and support to get better. Occupational therapists were important during this time because they helped these people to do their daily activities again. Because there were not many resources on how to do this, we looked into what occupational therapists were doing to help these people. We looked at patient hospital files and also talked to them to understand this better. We found that occupational therapists focused on three main areas: helping patients do activities that were important to them, teaching them about COVID-19 and helping them plan to leave the hospital. This study shows that occupational therapists are skilled at helping people with COVID-19. But more research is needed to make resources and also help with changing the healthcare system to further help people get better from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley M Scott
- Occupational Therapy Lecturer, Institute of Health and Well-Being, Federation University, Melbourne, Australia
- Occupational Therapy Department, Western Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon Neale
- Occupational Therapy Department, Western Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Hayley Hodgson
- Occupational Therapy Department, Western Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danielle Hitch
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University and Occupational Therapy Department, Western Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Rahimi F, Saadat M, Hessam M, Ravanbakhsh M, Monjezi S. Post-COVID-19 physical and cognitive impairments and associations with quality of life: a cross-sectional study. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1246585. [PMID: 38504691 PMCID: PMC10948450 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1246585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective This study aimed to compare physical and cognitive functions between post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) participants and healthy matched controls and investigate associations between physical and cognitive impairments with quality of life. Methods Twenty-three post-COVID-19 participants and 23 age and sex-matched healthy people without a history of COVID-19 were included. Physical function was assessed using the Medical Research Council Sum Score (MRC-SS), 2 min Step Test, Modified Borg Scale, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) Test. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Stroop test, and the quality of life was evaluated using the Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-3 Levels (EQ-5D-3l) questionnaire. Assessments were performed by a physical therapist in one session. Results Mann-Whitney U test showed that in the post-COVID-19 group, compared to the control group, the number of steps in the 2 min Step Test (p < 0.001, ES = 0.57) and the scores of the SPPB (p = 0.03, ES = 0.32), MoCA (p = 0.003, ES = 0.44), Stroop test (p < 0.001, ES = 0.75), and the EQ-5D-3l visual analog scale (p = 0.027, ES = 0.32) were significantly lower. In addition, the Modified Borg Scale score (p < 0.001, ES = 0.6), TMT-A (p = 0.013, ES = 0.36) and TMT-B (p = 0.016, ES = 0.35) times, and the Stroop time (p < 0.001, ES = 0.61) were significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group. There were no significant between-group differences in the MRC-SS score (p = 0.055, ES = 0.28). Furthermore, there were significant moderate to high associations between physical and cognitive functions and the quality of life in post-COVID-19 participants. Conclusions On average 4 months after symptomatic COVID-19, post-COVID-19 participants had significant impairments in physical and cognitive functions compared to healthy matched controls that were significantly correlated with the quality of life. These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive assessment to plan appropriate management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Saadat
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masumeh Hessam
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Majid Ravanbakhsh
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeideh Monjezi
- Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Mayer KP, Kosmac K, Wen Y, Parry SM, Dhar S, Foster S, Starck J, Montgomery-Yates AA, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Kalema AG. Construct and criterion validity of muscle ultrasonography for assessment of skeletal muscle in patients recovering from COVID-19. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1231538. [PMID: 37936579 PMCID: PMC10625915 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1231538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose was to investigate the content, construct, and criterion validity of muscle ultrasound in a mixed cohort of participants recovering from mild and critical COVID-19. Methods: A secondary analysis of a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on data obtained from a battery of muscle and physical function assessments including a muscle biopsy and muscle ultrasonography (US). Rectus femoris (RF) muscle thickness (mT), quadricep complex (QC) mT, RF muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) using 2D freeform trace and estimated from Feret's diameter, and RF echo intensity (EI) were assessed with US. Muscle fiber CSA, fiber type, protein content in muscle fibers, extracellular matrix content (ECM; wheat-germ agglutin), and percent area of collagen in ECM (picrosirius red) were examined from vastus lateralis muscle biopsies. Spearman rho correlations (r) were performed to assess validity of ultrasound parameters. Results: Thirty-three individuals participated including 11 patients surviving critical COVID-19, 15 individuals recovering from mild-COVID, and 7 controls. There were several significant correlations between RF mT, QC mT, RF CSA, and RF EI with age, comorbid burden, body-mass index, and measures of muscle strength, muscle power, and physical function (range r = 0.35-0.83). RF Feret's CSA correlated to CSA of type II muscle fibers (r = 0.41, p = 0.022) and the average size of all muscle fibers (r = 0.39, p = 0.031). RF EI was correlated with collagen in muscle ECM (r = 0.53, p = 0.003) and protein content in muscle tissue (r = -0.52, p = 0.012). Conclusion: Muscle size and quality measured using US has moderate content and construct validity, and to lesser extent, fair to moderate criterion validity in a mixed cohort of individuals recovering from COVID. Muscle ultrasound quality (EI) appears to be sensitive at detecting muscle dysfunction as it is associated with strength, power, physical function, and collagen distribution in a mixed group of individuals recovering from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby P. Mayer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Kate Kosmac
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Selina M. Parry
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sanjay Dhar
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Sarah Foster
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jonathan Starck
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ashley A. Montgomery-Yates
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Anna G. Kalema
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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O'Regan E, Svalgaard IB, Sørensen AIV, Spiliopoulos L, Bager P, Nielsen NM, Hansen JV, Koch A, Ethelberg S, Hviid A. A hybrid register and questionnaire study of Covid-19 and post-acute sick leave in Denmark. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6266. [PMID: 37805514 PMCID: PMC10560282 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-acute sick leave is an underexplored indicator of the societal burden of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we report findings about self-reported sick leave and risk factors thereof from a hybrid survey and register study, which include 37,482 RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases and 51,336 test-negative controls who were tested during the index- and alpha-dominant waves. We observe that an additional 33 individuals per 1000 took substantial sick leave following acute infection compared to persons with no known history of infection, where substantial sick leave is defined as >1 month of sick leave within the period 1-9 months after the RT-PCR test date. Being female, 50-65 years, or having certain pre-existing health conditions such as obesity, chronic lung diseases, and fibromyalgia each increase risk for taking substantial sick leave. Altogether, these results may help motivate improved diagnostic and treatment options for persons living with post-Covid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth O'Regan
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark.
| | - Ingrid Bech Svalgaard
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | | | - Lampros Spiliopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Peter Bager
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Nete Munk Nielsen
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
- Focused Research Unit in Neurology, Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, 6200, Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Vinsløv Hansen
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Anders Koch
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Global Health Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Steen Ethelberg
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Global Health Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Hviid
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen S, Denmark
- Pharmacovigilance Research Center, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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9
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Costa UM. [Occupational Therapy Guideline for the management of sequelae of viral diseases with SARS-CoV-2 : Supplement to the S1 guidelines for the management of post-viral conditions exemplified by post-COVID-19]. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2023; 135:599-618. [PMID: 37522912 PMCID: PMC10504210 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-023-02243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Sequelae of viral disease with SARS-CoV-2 impact clients' biopsychosocial health, thus their daily life, with limitations resp. barriers in their occupational capacities and opportunities. Occupational therapists have numerous and, with constantly growing evidence, personalised therapeutic means, measures, and methods in any intervention phase relevant to these according health problems, supporting i. e. coping, occupational adaptation, quality of life and participatory re-shaping of (daily) life. Based on ongoing research findings and practice evidence, this document contains recommendations for occupational therapy intervention for clients with biopsychosocial health conditions post COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula M Costa
- Ergotherapie und Handlungswissenschaft, fhg - Zentrum für Gesundheitsberufe Tirol GmbH / fh gesundheit, Innrain 98, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.
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Gunnarsson DV, Miskowiak KW, Pedersen JK, Hansen H, Podlekareva D, Johnsen S, Dall CH. Physical Function and Association with Cognitive Function in Patients in a Post-COVID-19 Clinic-A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105866. [PMID: 37239592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Patients with long-term health sequelae of COVID-19 (post-COVID-19 condition) experience both physical and cognitive manifestations. However, there is still uncertainty about the prevalence of physical impairment in these patients and whether there is a link between physical and cognitive function. The aim was to assess the prevalence of physical impairment and investigate the association with cognition in patients assessed in a post-COVID-19 clinic. In this cross-sectional study, patients referred to an outpatient clinic ≥ 3 months after acute infection underwent screening of their physical and cognitive function as part of a comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment. Physical function was assessed with the 6-Minute Walk Test, the 30 s Sit-to-Stand Test and by measuring handgrip strength. Cognitive function was assessed with the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry and the Trail Making Test-Part B. Physical impairment was tested by comparing the patients' performance to normative and expected values. Association with cognition was investigated using correlation analyses and the possible explanatory variables regarding physical function were assessed using regression analyses. In total, we included 292 patients, the mean age was 52 (±15) years, 56% were women and 50% had been hospitalised during an acute COVID-19 infection. The prevalence of physical impairment ranged from 23% in functional exercise capacity to 59% in lower extremity muscle strength and function. There was no greater risk of physical impairment in previously hospitalised compared with the non-hospitalised patients. There was a weak to moderate association between physical and cognitive function. The cognitive test scores had statistically significant prediction value for all three outcomes of physical function. In conclusion, physical impairments were prevalent amongst patients assessed for post-COVID-19 condition regardless of their hospitalisation status and these were associated with more cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durita Viderø Gunnarsson
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
- Neurocognition and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen-Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johanna Kølle Pedersen
- Neurocognition and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen-Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Hansen
- Respiratory Research Unit and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daria Podlekareva
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Johnsen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Have Dall
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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