1
|
Cole JS, Olson AD, Dupont-Versteegden EE. The Effects of Massage Therapy in Decreasing Pain and Anxiety in Post-Surgical Patients With Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Glob Adv Integr Med Health 2024; 13:27536130241245099. [PMID: 38633004 PMCID: PMC11022679 DOI: 10.1177/27536130241245099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Massage therapy is an effective non-pharmacological intervention in treating pain and anxiety of patients with cancer. Prior studies have reviewed the benefits of massage therapy in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, and other patient-specific cancer treatments. What has yet to be examined is the effects of massage therapy on the pain and anxiety of patients with breast cancer after surgery. Objective : The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of massage therapy on post-surgical pain and anxiety in patients with breast cancer. Methods Systematic searches were performed using databases PubMed, CINAHL, and Medline (EBSCO), with no date constraint through September 30, 2023, to identify randomized control trials, randomized pilot, and quasi-experimental studies. The database searches retrieved 1205 titles, and after screening, 7 studies were chosen for full analysis using Cohen's d, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and effect size. The heterogeneity of the studies was calculated in the meta-analysis using Cochran's Q equation. Results Massage therapy techniques reported were massage therapy, classic massage, reflexology, myofascial release, and myofascial therapy, and were performed at day 0 up to 16 weeks post-surgery. Massage therapy decreased pain and anxiety for patients in the massage group. Analyses showed a positive effect size using massage therapy as an intervention for pain and anxiety in women with breast cancer post-surgery. Overall effect size for pain was 1.057 with a P-value of <.0001, and overall effect size for anxiety was .673 with a P-value of <.0001. Conclusion The current evidence in this study reflects that massage therapy is effective as a non-pharmacological tool in decreasing post-surgical pain and anxiety in women with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill S. Cole
- Rehabilitation and Health Sciences PhD Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Anne D. Olson
- Rehabilitation and Health Sciences PhD Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- Rehabilitation and Health Sciences PhD Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Long DE, Mantuano AJ, Confides AL, Miller BF, Kern PA, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Short-term repeated human biopsy sampling contributes to changes in muscle morphology and higher outcome variability. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:1403-1414. [PMID: 37705447 PMCID: PMC10979834 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00441.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in skeletal muscle are an important aspect of overall health. The collection of human muscle to study cellular and molecular processes for research requires a needle biopsy procedure which, in itself, can induce changes in the tissue. To investigate the effect of repeat tissue sampling, we collected skeletal muscle biopsy samples from vastus lateralis separated by 7 days. Cellular infiltrate, central nucleation, enlarged extracellular matrix, and rounding of muscle fibers were used as indices to define muscle damage, and we found that 16/26 samples (61.5%) revealed at least two of these symptoms in the secondary biopsy. The presence of damage influenced outcome measures usually obtained in human biopsies. Damaged muscle showed an increase in the number of small fibers even though average fiber and fiber type-specific cross-sectional area (CSA) were not different. This included higher numbers of embryonic myosin heavy chain-positive fibers (P = 0.001) as well as elevated satellite cell number (P = 0.02) in the damaged areas and higher variability in satellite cell count in the total area (P = 0.04). Collagen content was higher in damaged (P = 0.0003) as well as nondamaged areas (P = 0.05) of the muscle sections of the damaged compared with the nondamaged group. Myofibrillar protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) fractional synthesis rates were not significantly different between the damaged compared with the nondamaged group. Results indicate that common outcomes as well as outcome variability in human muscle tissue are affected by previous biopsies. Therefore, the extent of potential damage should be assessed when performing repeated biopsies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Indices of damage can be found in repeated biopsy samples of nonintervened control legs. Variables, directly and not directly related to muscle damage or regeneration, were compromised in second biopsy. There is a need to determine potential damage within muscle tissue when repeated muscle sampling is part of the study design. Muscle biopsy sampling may be a source of increased heterogeneity in human muscle data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E Long
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Alessandra J Mantuano
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
- Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Philip A Kern
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mayer KP, Kosmac K, Wen Y, Parry SM, Dhar S, Foster S, Starck J, Montgomery-Yates AA, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Kalema AG. Construct and criterion validity of muscle ultrasonography for assessment of skeletal muscle in patients recovering from COVID-19. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1231538. [PMID: 37936579 PMCID: PMC10625915 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1231538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose was to investigate the content, construct, and criterion validity of muscle ultrasound in a mixed cohort of participants recovering from mild and critical COVID-19. Methods: A secondary analysis of a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on data obtained from a battery of muscle and physical function assessments including a muscle biopsy and muscle ultrasonography (US). Rectus femoris (RF) muscle thickness (mT), quadricep complex (QC) mT, RF muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) using 2D freeform trace and estimated from Feret's diameter, and RF echo intensity (EI) were assessed with US. Muscle fiber CSA, fiber type, protein content in muscle fibers, extracellular matrix content (ECM; wheat-germ agglutin), and percent area of collagen in ECM (picrosirius red) were examined from vastus lateralis muscle biopsies. Spearman rho correlations (r) were performed to assess validity of ultrasound parameters. Results: Thirty-three individuals participated including 11 patients surviving critical COVID-19, 15 individuals recovering from mild-COVID, and 7 controls. There were several significant correlations between RF mT, QC mT, RF CSA, and RF EI with age, comorbid burden, body-mass index, and measures of muscle strength, muscle power, and physical function (range r = 0.35-0.83). RF Feret's CSA correlated to CSA of type II muscle fibers (r = 0.41, p = 0.022) and the average size of all muscle fibers (r = 0.39, p = 0.031). RF EI was correlated with collagen in muscle ECM (r = 0.53, p = 0.003) and protein content in muscle tissue (r = -0.52, p = 0.012). Conclusion: Muscle size and quality measured using US has moderate content and construct validity, and to lesser extent, fair to moderate criterion validity in a mixed cohort of individuals recovering from COVID. Muscle ultrasound quality (EI) appears to be sensitive at detecting muscle dysfunction as it is associated with strength, power, physical function, and collagen distribution in a mixed group of individuals recovering from COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirby P. Mayer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Kate Kosmac
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Selina M. Parry
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sanjay Dhar
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Sarah Foster
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jonathan Starck
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ashley A. Montgomery-Yates
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Anna G. Kalema
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ismaeel A, Van Pelt DW, Hettinger ZR, Fu X, Richards CI, Butterfield TA, Petrocelli JJ, Vechetti IJ, Confides AL, Drummond MJ, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Extracellular vesicle distribution and localization in skeletal muscle at rest and following disuse atrophy. Skelet Muscle 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 36895061 PMCID: PMC9999658 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-023-00315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle (SkM) is a large, secretory organ that produces and releases myokines that can have autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine effects. Whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) also play a role in the SkM adaptive response and ability to communicate with other tissues is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate EV biogenesis factors, marker expression, and localization across cell types in the skeletal muscle. We also aimed to investigate whether EV concentrations are altered by disuse atrophy. METHODS To identify the potential markers of SkM-derived EVs, EVs were isolated from rat serum using density gradient ultracentrifugation, followed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements or qPCR. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from rat SkM were analyzed to assess the EV biogenesis factor expression, and cellular localization of tetraspanins was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Finally, to assess the effects of mechanical unloading on EV expression in vivo, EV concentrations were measured in the serum by nanoparticle tracking analysis in both a rat and human model of disuse. RESULTS In this study, we show that the widely used markers of SkM-derived EVs, α-sarcoglycan and miR-1, are undetectable in serum EVs. We also found that EV biogenesis factors, including the tetraspanins CD63, CD9, and CD81, are expressed by a variety of cell types in SkM. SkM sections showed very low detection of CD63, CD9, and CD81 in myofibers and instead accumulation within the interstitial space. Furthermore, although there were no differences in serum EV concentrations following hindlimb suspension in rats, serum EV concentrations were elevated in human subjects after bed rest. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insight into the distribution and localization of EVs in SkM and demonstrate the importance of methodological guidelines in SkM EV research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismaeel
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Douglas W Van Pelt
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Zachary R Hettinger
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Xu Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Amy L Confides
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, CTW 210E, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Borowik AK, Davidyan A, Peelor FF, Voloviceva E, Doidge SM, Bubak MP, Mobley CB, McCarthy JJ, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Miller BF. Skeletal Muscle Nuclei in Mice are not Post-mitotic. Function (Oxf) 2022; 4:zqac059. [PMID: 36569816 PMCID: PMC9772608 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle research field generally accepts that nuclei in skeletal muscle fibers (ie, myonuclei) are post-mitotic and unable to proliferate. Because our deuterium oxide (D2O) labeling studies showed DNA synthesis in skeletal muscle tissue, we hypothesized that resident myonuclei can replicate in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we used a mouse model that temporally labeled myonuclei with GFP followed by D2O labeling during normal cage activity, functional overload, and with satellite cell ablation. During normal cage activity, we observed deuterium enrichment into myonuclear DNA in 7 out of 7 plantaris (PLA), 6 out of 6 tibialis anterior (TA), 5 out of 7 gastrocnemius (GAST), and 7 out of 7 quadriceps (QUAD). The average fractional synthesis rates (FSR) of DNA in myonuclei were: 0.0202 ± 0.0093 in PLA, 0.0239 ± 0.0040 in TA, 0.0076 ± 0. 0058 in GAST, and 0.0138 ± 0.0039 in QUAD, while there was no replication in myonuclei from EDL. These FSR values were largely reproduced in the overload and satellite cell ablation conditions, although there were higher synthesis rates in the overloaded PLA muscle. We further provided evidence that myonuclear replication is through endoreplication, which results in polyploidy. These novel findings contradict the dogma that skeletal muscle nuclei are post-mitotic and open potential avenues to harness the intrinsic replicative ability of myonuclei for muscle maintenance and growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka K Borowik
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Arik Davidyan
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Sacramento, 6000 J Street, Sacramento, CA, 95819, USA
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Evelina Voloviceva
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Stephen M Doidge
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Matthew P Bubak
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | | | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, 921 NE 13th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thomas NT, Confides AL, Fry CS, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Satellite cell depletion does not affect diaphragm adaptations to hypoxia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:637-646. [PMID: 35861521 PMCID: PMC9448290 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00083.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The diaphragm is the main skeletal muscle responsible for inspiration and is susceptible to age-associated decline in function and morphology. Satellite cells in diaphragm fuse into unperturbed muscle fibers throughout life, yet their role in adaptations to hypoxia in diaphragm is unknown. Given their continual fusion, we hypothesize that satellite cell depletion will negatively impact adaptations to hypoxia in the diaphragm, particularly with aging. We used the Pax7CreER/CreER:R26RDTA/DTA genetic mouse model of inducible satellite cell depletion to investigate diaphragm responses to hypoxia in adult (6 mo) and aged (22 mo) male mice. The mice were subjected to normobaric hypoxia at 10% [Formula: see text] or normoxia for 4 wk. We showed that satellite cell depletion had no effect on diaphragm muscle fiber cross-sectional area, fiber-type distribution, myonuclear density, or regulation of extracellular matrix in either adult or aged mice. Furthermore, we showed lower muscle fiber cross-sectional area with hypoxia and age (main effects), while extracellular matrix content was higher and satellite cell abundance was lower with age (main effect) in diaphragm. Lastly, a greater number of Pax3-mRNA+ cells was observed in diaphragm muscle of satellite cell-depleted mice independent of hypoxia (main effect), potentially as a compensatory mechanism for the loss of satellite cells. We conclude that satellite cells are not required for diaphragm muscle adaptations to hypoxia in either adult or aged mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Satellite cells show consistent fusion into diaphragm muscle fibers throughout life, suggesting a critical role in maintaining homeostasis. Here, we report identical diaphragm adaptations to hypoxia with and without satellite cells in adult and aged mice. In addition, we propose that the higher number of Pax3-positive cells in satellite cell-depleted diaphragm muscle acts as a compensatory mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Thomas
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Amy L Confides
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sklivas AB, Robinson LE, Uhl TL, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Mayer KP. Efficacy of power training to improve physical function in individuals diagnosed with frailty and chronic disease: A meta-analysis. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15339. [PMID: 35668578 PMCID: PMC9170947 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle power training with emphasis on high-velocity of concentric movement improves physical functionality in healthy older adults, and, maybe superior to traditional exercise programs. Power training may also be advantageous for patients with acute and chronic illnesses, as well as frail individuals. To determine the efficacy of power training compared with traditional resistance training on physical function outcomes in individuals diagnosed with frailty, acute illness or chronic disease. PubMed (MEDLINE), CINAHL, PEDro, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. (1) at least one study group receives muscle power training of randomized controlled trial (RCT) (2) study participants diagnosed as prefrail, frail or have an ongoing acute or chronic disease, condition or illness; (3) study participants over the age of 18; (4) publication in English language; (5) included physical function as the primary or secondary outcome measures. Two independent reviewers assessed articles for inclusion and graded the methodological quality using Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool for RCTs. Fourteen RCTs met the inclusion criteria. In seven studies, muscle power training was more effective at improving physical function compared to control activities with a mean fixed effect size (ES) of 0.41 (p = 0.006; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.71). Power training and conventional resistance training had similar effectiveness in eight studies with a mean fixed ES of 0.10 (p = 0.061; 95% CI -0.01 to 0.40). Muscle power training is just as efficacious for improving physical function in individuals diagnosed with frailty and chronic disease when compared to traditional resistance training. The advantages of power training with reduced work per session may support power training as a preferential exercise modality for clinical populations. The findings should be interpreted with caution since generalizability is questioned due to the heterogeneity of patient populations enrolled and participants were relatively mobile at baseline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Sklivas
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Timothy L Uhl
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Kirby P Mayer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kirby TJ, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Cross Talk rebuttal: Kirby and Dupont-Versteegden. J Physiol 2022; 600:2085-2086. [PMID: 35388906 DOI: 10.1113/jp283000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Kirby
- Amsterdam UMC, VUmc location, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Kirby
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hettinger ZR, Wen Y, Peck BD, Hamagata K, Confides AL, Van Pelt DW, Harrison DA, Miller BF, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Mechanotherapy Reprograms Aged Muscle Stromal Cells to Remodel the Extracellular Matrix during Recovery from Disuse. Function (Oxf) 2022; 3:zqac015. [PMID: 35434632 PMCID: PMC9009398 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by reduced remodeling of skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM), which is exacerbated during recovery following periods of disuse atrophy. Mechanotherapy has been shown to promote ECM remodeling through immunomodulation in adult muscle recovery, but not during the aged recovery from disuse. In order to determine if mechanotherapy promotes ECM remodeling in aged muscle, we performed single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of all mononucleated cells in adult and aged rat gastrocnemius muscle recovering from disuse, with (REM) and without mechanotherapy (RE). We show that fibroadipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) in aged RE muscle are highly enriched in chemotaxis genes (Csf1), but absent in ECM remodeling genes compared to adult RE muscle (Col1a1). Receptor-ligand (RL) network analysis of all mononucleated cell populations in aged RE muscle identified chemotaxis-enriched gene expression in numerous stromal cell populations (FAPs, endothelial cells, pericytes), despite reduced enrichment of genes related to phagocytic activity in myeloid cell populations (macrophages, monocytes, antigen presenting cells). Following mechanotherapy, aged REM mononuclear cell gene expression resembled adult RE muscle as evidenced by RL network analyses and KEGG pathway activity scoring. To validate our transcriptional findings, ECM turnover was measured in an independent cohort of animals using in vivo isotope tracing of intramuscular collagen and histological scoring of the ECM, which confirmed mechanotherapy-mediated ECM remodeling in aged RE muscle. Our results highlight age-related cellular mechanisms underpinning the impairment to complete recovery from disuse, and also promote mechanotherapy as an intervention to enhance ECM turnover in aged muscle recovering from disuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Hettinger
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Bailey D Peck
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kyoko Hamagata
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Douglas W Van Pelt
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Douglas A Harrison
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky; Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hunt ER, Davi SM, Parise CN, Clark K, Van Pelt DW, Confides AL, Buckholts KA, Jacobs CA, Lattermann C, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Butterfield TA, Lepley LK. Temporal disruption of neuromuscular communication and muscle atrophy following noninvasive ACL injury in rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:46-57. [PMID: 34762530 PMCID: PMC8742731 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00070.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have persistent quadriceps muscle atrophy, even after considerable time in rehabilitation. Understanding the factors that regulate muscle mass, and the time course of atrophic events, is important for identifying therapeutic interventions. With a noninvasive animal model of ACL injury, a longitudinal study was performed to elucidate key parameters underlying quadriceps muscle atrophy. Male Long-Evans rats were euthanized at 6, 12, 24, or 48 h or 1, 2, or 4 wk after ACL injury that was induced via tibial compression overload; controls were not injured. Vastus lateralis muscle size was determined by wet weight and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA). Evidence of disrupted neuromuscular communication was assessed via the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and genes associated with denervation and neuromuscular junction instability. Abundance of muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF-1), muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx), and 45 s pre-rRNA along with 20S proteasome activity were determined to investigate mechanisms related to muscle atrophy. Finally, muscle damage-related parameters were assessed by measuring IgG permeability, centronucleation, CD68 mRNA, and satellite cell abundance. When compared with controls, we observed a greater percentage of NCAM-positive fibers at 6 h postinjury, followed by higher MAFbx abundance 48 h postinjury, and higher 20S proteasome activity at 1 wk postinjury. A loss of muscle wet weight, smaller fiber CSA, and the elevated expression of run-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) were also observed at the 1 wk postinjury timepoint relative to controls. There also were no differences observed in any damage markers. These results indicate that alterations in neuromuscular communication precede the upregulation of atrophic factors that regulate quadriceps muscle mass early after noninvasive ACL injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A novel preclinical model of ACL injury was used to establish that acute disruptions in neuromuscular communication precede atrophic events. These data help to establish the time course of muscle atrophy after ACL injury, suggesting that clinical care may benefit from the application of acute neurogenic interventions and early gait reloading strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Hunt
- 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven M. Davi
- 2Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Cassandra N. Parise
- 3Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kaleigh Clark
- 4Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky,5Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Douglas W. Van Pelt
- 4Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky,5Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Amy L. Confides
- 4Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky,5Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kimberly A. Buckholts
- 3Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Cale A. Jacobs
- 6Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Christian Lattermann
- 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- 4Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky,5Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Timothy A. Butterfield
- 3Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky,5Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Finlin BS, Memetimin H, Confides AL, Zhu B, Westgate PM, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Kern PA. Macrophages expressing uncoupling protein 1 increase in adipose tissue in response to cold in humans. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23598. [PMID: 34880313 PMCID: PMC8655049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute cold induces beige adipocyte protein marker expression in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT) from both the cold treated and contralateral leg, and the immune system regulates SC WAT beiging in mice. Cold treatment significantly increased the gene expression of the macrophage markers CD68 and 86 in SC WAT. Therefore, we comprehensively investigated the involvement of macrophages in SC WAT beiging in lean and obese humans by immunohistochemistry. Cold treatment significantly increased CD163/CD68 macrophages in SC WAT from the cold treated and contralateral legs of lean and obese subjects, and had similar effects on CD206/CD68 macrophages, whereas the effects on CD86/CD68 macrophages were inconsistent between lean and obese. However, linear regression analysis did not find significant relationships between the change in macrophage numbers and the change in UCP1 protein abundance. A high percentage of CD163 macrophages in SC WAT expressed UCP1, and these UCP1 expressing CD163 macrophages were significantly increased by cold treatment in SC WAT of lean subjects. In conclusion, our results suggest that CD163 macrophages are involved in some aspect of the tissue remodeling that occurs during SC WAT beiging in humans after cold treatment, but they are likely not direct mediators of the beiging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Finlin
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, CTW 521, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Hasiyet Memetimin
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, CTW 521, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Beibei Zhu
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, CTW 521, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Philip M Westgate
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Philip A Kern
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, CTW 521, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hettinger ZR, Hamagata K, Confides AL, Lawrence MM, Miller BF, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Age-Related Susceptibility to Muscle Damage Following Mechanotherapy in Rats Recovering From Disuse Atrophy. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:2132-2140. [PMID: 34181006 PMCID: PMC8599051 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability to fully recover lost muscle mass following periods of disuse atrophy predisposes older adults to lost independence and poor quality of life. We have previously shown that mechanotherapy at a moderate load (4.5 N) enhances muscle mass recovery following atrophy in adult, but not older adult rats. We propose that elevated transverse stiffness in aged muscle inhibits the growth response to mechanotherapy and hypothesize that a higher load (7.6 N) will overcome this resistance to mechanical stimuli. F344/BN adult and older adult male rats underwent 14 days of hindlimb suspension, followed by 7 days of recovery with (RE + M) or without (RE) mechanotherapy at 7.6 N on gastrocnemius muscle. The 7.6 N load was determined by measuring transverse passive stiffness and linearly scaling up from 4.5 N. No differences in protein turnover or mean fiber cross-sectional area were observed between RE and RE + M for older adult rats or adult rats at 7.6 N. However, there was a higher number of small muscle fibers present in older adult, but not adult rats, which was explained by a 16-fold increase in the frequency of small fibers expressing embryonic myosin heavy chain. Elevated central nucleation, satellite cell abundance, and dystrophin-/laminin+ fibers were present in older adult rats only following 7.6 N, while 4.5 N did not induce damage at either age. We conclude that age is an important variable when considering load used during mechanotherapy and age-related transverse stiffness may predispose older adults to damage during the recovery period following disuse atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Hettinger
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Kyoko Hamagata
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Marcus M Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Murach KA, Fry CS, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Fusion and beyond: Satellite cell contributions to loading-induced skeletal muscle adaptation. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21893. [PMID: 34480776 PMCID: PMC9293230 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101096r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells support adult skeletal muscle fiber adaptations to loading in numerous ways. The fusion of satellite cells, driven by cell-autonomous and/or extrinsic factors, contributes new myonuclei to muscle fibers, associates with load-induced hypertrophy, and may support focal membrane damage repair and long-term myonuclear transcriptional output. Recent studies have also revealed that satellite cells communicate within their niche to mediate muscle remodeling in response to resistance exercise, regulating the activity of numerous cell types through various mechanisms such as secretory signaling and cell-cell contact. Muscular adaptation to resistance and endurance activity can be initiated and sustained for a period of time in the absence of satellite cells, but satellite cell participation is ultimately required to achieve full adaptive potential, be it growth, function, or proprioceptive coordination. While significant progress has been made in understanding the roles of satellite cells in adult muscle over the last few decades, many conclusions have been extrapolated from regeneration studies. This review highlights our current understanding of satellite cell behavior and contributions to adaptation outside of regeneration in adult muscle, as well as the roles of satellite cells beyond fusion and myonuclear accretion, which are gaining broader recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Molecular Muscle Mass Regulation Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Christopher S Fry
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Murach KA, Peck BD, Policastro RA, Vechetti IJ, Van Pelt DW, Dungan CM, Denes LT, Fu X, Brightwell CR, Zentner GE, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Richards CI, Smith JJ, Fry CS, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Early satellite cell communication creates a permissive environment for long-term muscle growth. iScience 2021; 24:102372. [PMID: 33948557 PMCID: PMC8080523 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Using in vivo muscle stem cell (satellite cell)-specific extracellular vesicle (EV) tracking, satellite cell depletion, in vitro cell culture, and single-cell RNA sequencing, we show satellite cells communicate with other cells in skeletal muscle during mechanical overload. Early satellite cell EV communication primes the muscle milieu for proper long-term extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and is sufficient to support sustained hypertrophy in adult mice, even in the absence of fusion to muscle fibers. Satellite cells modulate chemokine gene expression across cell types within the first few days of loading, and EV delivery of miR-206 to fibrogenic cells represses Wisp1 expression required for appropriate ECM remodeling. Late-stage communication from myogenic cells during loading is widespread but may be targeted toward endothelial cells. Satellite cells coordinate adaptation by influencing the phenotype of recipient cells, which extends our understanding of their role in muscle adaptation beyond regeneration and myonuclear donation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Bailey D. Peck
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Robert A. Policastro
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Indiana, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Ivan J. Vechetti
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Douglas W. Van Pelt
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Cory M. Dungan
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lance T. Denes
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for Neurogenetics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Xu Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Camille R. Brightwell
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Athletic Training, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Gabriel E. Zentner
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Indiana, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Christopher I. Richards
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jeramiah J. Smith
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Christopher S. Fry
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Athletic Training, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - John J. McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Massage is anecdotally associated with many health benefits, but physiological and clinically relevant mechanisms recently have begun to be investigated in a controlled manner. Herein, we describe research supporting our hypothesis that massage can be used as a mechanotherapy imparting biologically relevant adaptations in skeletal muscle and improving muscle properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Van Pelt
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Marcus M Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Finlin BS, Memetimin H, Zhu B, Confides AL, Vekaria HJ, El Khouli RH, Johnson ZR, Westgate PM, Chen J, Morris AJ, Sullivan PG, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Kern PA. Pioglitazone does not synergize with mirabegron to increase beige fat or further improve glucose metabolism. JCI Insight 2021; 6:143650. [PMID: 33571166 PMCID: PMC8026187 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beige and brown adipose tissue (BAT) are associated with improved metabolic homeostasis. We recently reported that the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron induced beige adipose tissue in obese insulin-resistant subjects, and this was accompanied by improved glucose metabolism. Here we evaluated pioglitazone treatment with a combination pioglitazone and mirabegron treatment and compared these with previously published data evaluating mirabegron treatment alone. Both drugs were used at FDA-approved dosages. METHODS We measured BAT by PET CT scans, measured beige adipose tissue by immunohistochemistry, and comprehensively characterized glucose and lipid homeostasis and insulin sensitivity by euglycemic clamp and oral glucose tolerance tests. Subcutaneous white adipose tissue, muscle fiber type composition and capillary density, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, gene expression profiling, mass spectroscopy, and ELISAs. RESULTS Treatment with pioglitazone or the combination of pioglitazone and mirabegron increased beige adipose tissue protein marker expression and improved insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, but neither treatment induced BAT in these obese subjects. When the magnitude of the responses to the treatments was evaluated, mirabegron was found to be the most effective at inducing beige adipose tissue. Although monotherapy with either mirabegron or pioglitazone induced adipose beiging, combination treatment resulted in less beiging than either alone. The 3 treatments also had different effects on muscle fiber type switching and capillary density. CONCLUSION The addition of pioglitazone to mirabegron treatment does not enhance beiging or increase BAT in obese insulin-resistant research participants. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02919176. FUNDING NIH DK112282 and P20GM103527 and Clinical and Translational Science Awards grant UL1TR001998.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Finlin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine.,Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center
| | - Hasiyet Memetimin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine.,Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine.,Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences
| | | | | | - Zachary R Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine
| | | | - Jianzhong Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | | | - Philip A Kern
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine.,Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mayer KP, Steele AK, Soper MK, Branton JD, Lusby ML, Kalema AG, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Montgomery AA. Physical Therapy Management of an Individual With Post-COVID Syndrome: A Case Report. Phys Ther 2021; 101:6177704. [PMID: 33735380 PMCID: PMC7989151 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this case report is to provide the clinical presentation and physical therapist management for a patient with post-COVID syndrome. Secondarily, the report highlights the importance of assessing cognitive and emotional health in patients with post-COVID syndrome. METHODS (CASE DESCRIPTION) A 37-year-old woman tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and developed mild COVID-19 disease but did not require supplemental oxygen or hospitalization. The patient experienced persistent symptoms, including dyspnea, headaches, and cognitive fog. On day 62, they participated in an outpatient physical therapist evaluation that revealed deficits in exercise capacity, obtaining 50% of their age-predicted 6-minute walk distance. They had minor reductions in muscle strength and cognitive function. Self-reported quality of life was 50, and they scored above established cut-off scores for provisional diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). RESULTS The patient participated in biweekly physical therapist sessions for 8 weeks, which included aerobic training, strengthening exercises, diaphragmatic breathing techniques, and mindfulness training. Metabolic equivalent for task levels increased with variability over the course of the program. The patient's muscle strength, physical function, and exercise capacity improved. 6-Minute walk distance increased by 199 m, equating to 80% of their age-predicted distance. Quality of life and PTSD scores did not improve. At evaluation after physical therapy, the patient was still experiencing migraines, dyspnea, fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction. CONCLUSION This case report described the clinical presentation and physical therapist management of a person with post-COVID syndrome, a novel health condition for which little evidence exists to guide rehabilitation examination and interventions. Physical therapists should consider cognitive function and emotional health in their plan of care for patients with post-COVID syndromes. IMPACT This case alerts physical therapists to post-COVID syndrome-which can include debilitating symptoms of decreased aerobic tolerance, anxiety, PTSD, and cognitive dysfunction-and to the role that therapists can play in assessing these symptoms and managing these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirby P Mayer
- Address all correspondence to Kirby P. Mayer, DPT, Ph.D. 900 S. Limestone, CTW 204D, Lexington, KY 40536,
| | - Angela K Steele
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Medicine Specialties Clinic, Therapeutic Services, University of Kentucky Healthcare
| | - Melissa K Soper
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky
| | - Jill D Branton
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Medicine Specialties Clinic, Therapeutic Services, University of Kentucky Healthcare
| | - Megan L Lusby
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Medicine Specialties Clinic, Therapeutic Services, University of Kentucky Healthcare
| | - Anna G Kalema
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky
| | | | - Ashley A Montgomery
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Johnson AM, Kuperstein J, Graham RH, Talari P, Kelly A, Dupont-Versteegden EE. BOOSTing patient mobility and function on a general medical unit by enhancing interprofessional care. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4307. [PMID: 33619329 PMCID: PMC7900133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Low mobility during hospitalization remains prevalent despite associated negative consequences. The goal of this quality improvement (QI) project was to increase patient mobility and function by adding a physical therapist (PT) to an existing interprofessional care team. A mobility technician assisted treatment group patients with mobility during hospitalization based on physical therapist recommendations. Change in functional status and highest level of mobility achieved by treatment group patients was measured from admission to discharge. Observed hospital length of stay (LOS), LOS index, and 30-day all cause hospital readmission comparisons between treatment group and a comparison group on the same unit, and between cross-sectional comparison groups one year prior were used for Difference in Difference analysis. Bivariate comparisons between the treatment and a cross-sectional comparison group from one year prior showed a statistically significant change in LOS Index. No other bivariate comparisons were statistically significant. Difference in Difference methods showed no statistically significant change in observed LOS, LOS Index, or 30-day readmission. Patients in the treatment group had statistically significant improvements in functional status and highest level of mobility achieved. Physical function and mobility improved for patients who participated in mobility sessions. Mobility technicians may contribute to improved care quality and patient safety in the hospital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Johnson
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - J Kuperstein
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - R Hogg Graham
- Department of Health and Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - P Talari
- Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, USA
| | - A Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Center for Health Services Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - E E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lawrence MM, Van Pelt DW, Confides AL, Hettinger ZR, Hunt ER, Reid JJ, Laurin JL, Peelor FF, Butterfield TA, Miller BF, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Muscle from aged rats is resistant to mechanotherapy during atrophy and reloading. GeroScience 2021; 43:65-83. [PMID: 32588343 PMCID: PMC8050124 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Massage is a viable mechanotherapy to improve protein turnover during disuse atrophy and improve muscle regrowth during recovery from disuse atrophy in adult muscle. Therefore, we investigated whether massage can cause beneficial adaptations in skeletal muscle from aged rats during normal weight-bearing (WB) conditions, hindlimb suspension (HS), or reloading (RE) following HS. Aged (30 months) male Fischer 344/Brown Norway rats were divided into two experiments: (1) WB for 7 days (WB, n = 8), WB with massage (WBM, n = 8), HS for 7 days (HS7, n = 8), or HS with massage (HSM, n = 8), and (2) WB for 14 days (WB14, n = 8), HS for 14 days (HS14, n = 8), reloading (RE, n = 10), or reloading with massage (REM, n = 10) for 7 days following HS. Deuterium oxide (D2O) labeling was used to assess dynamic protein and ribosome turnover in each group and anabolic signaling pathways were assessed. Massage did have an anabolic benefit during RE or WB. In contrast, massage during HS enhanced myofibrillar protein turnover in both the massaged limb and contralateral non-massaged limb compared with HS, but this did not prevent muscle loss. Overall, the data demonstrate that massage is not an effective mechanotherapy for prevention of atrophy during muscle disuse or recovery of muscle mass during reloading in aged rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Douglas W Van Pelt
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Zachary R Hettinger
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Emily R Hunt
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Justin J Reid
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Jaime L Laurin
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone CTW210E, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mayer KP, Thompson Bastin ML, Montgomery-Yates AA, Pastva AM, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Parry SM, Morris PE. Acute skeletal muscle wasting and dysfunction predict physical disability at hospital discharge in patients with critical illness. Crit Care 2020; 24:637. [PMID: 33148301 PMCID: PMC7640401 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients surviving critical illness develop muscle weakness and impairments in physical function; however, the relationship between early skeletal muscle alterations and physical function at hospital discharge remains unclear. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in muscle size, strength and power assessed in the intensive care unit (ICU) predict physical function at hospital discharge. METHODS Study design is a single-center, prospective, observational study in patients admitted to the medicine or cardiothoracic ICU with diagnosis of sepsis or acute respiratory failure. Rectus femoris (RF) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle ultrasound images were obtained day one of ICU admission, repeated serially and assessed for muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), layer thickness (mT) and echointensity (EI). Muscle strength, as measured by Medical Research Council-sum score, and muscle power (lower-extremity leg press) were assessed prior to ICU discharge. Physical function was assessed with performance on 5-times sit-to-stand (5STS) at hospital discharge. RESULTS Forty-one patients with median age of 61 years (IQR 55-68), 56% male and sequential organ failure assessment score of 8.1 ± 4.8 were enrolled. RF muscle CSA decreased significantly a median percent change of 18.5% from day 1 to 7 (F = 26.6, p = 0.0253). RF EI increased at a mean percent change of 10.5 ± 21% in the first 7 days (F = 3.28, p = 0.081). At hospital discharge 25.7% of patients (9/35) met criteria for ICU-acquired weakness. Change in RF EI in first 7 days of ICU admission and muscle power measured prior to ICU were strong predictors of ICU-AW at hospital discharge (AUC = 0.912). Muscle power at ICU discharge, age and ICU length of stay were predictive of performance on 5STS at hospital discharge. CONCLUSION ICU-assessed muscle alterations, specifically RF EI and muscle power, are predictors of diagnosis of ICU-AW and physical function assessed by 5x-STS at hospital discharge in patients surviving critical illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirby P Mayer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 Rose St, Wethington 204D, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
| | | | - Ashley A Montgomery-Yates
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Amy M Pastva
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Medicine, Cell Biology, and Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 Rose St, Wethington 204D, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Selina M Parry
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter E Morris
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mayer KP, Welle MM, Evans CG, Greenhill BG, Montgomery-Yates AA, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Morris PE, Parry SM. Muscle Power is Related to Physical Function in Patients Surviving Acute Respiratory Failure: A Prospective Observational Study. Am J Med Sci 2020; 361:310-318. [PMID: 33189316 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 66% of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for acute respiratory failure (ARF) develop ICU-acquired weakness, which is diagnosed by muscle strength testing. Muscle power, different from strength, is an important determinant of function that is not a common focus in patients surviving critical illness. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess muscle power in survivors of ARF. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study performed with survivors of ARF. Muscle power, strength and physical function were assessed 4-8 weeks post-hospital discharge. Cross sectional area and echogenicity of rectus femoris and tibialis anterior muscles were assessed using ultrasonography. Healthy community-dwelling adults were included for comparison. RESULTS 12 survivors of ARF mean age of 55.6 ± 17.1 (66% male) and 12 healthy adults mean age of 51.6.1 ± 10.3 (66% male) participated in this study. Patients in the post-ARF group had a mean muscle power of 9.9 ± 3.5 W and 63.7 ± 31.6 W for 2-lb and 10% of body-weight loads, respectively. Compared to matched controls, power in ARF group was reduced by 43%. Muscle power in post-ARF group had moderate correlations with 5-times sit-to-stand testing (r = -0.644, P = 0.024), 4-m habitual gait speed (-0.780, P = 0.002), and 6-min walk distance (r = 0.589, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Muscle power is significantly reduced in survivors of critical illness and associated with deficits in physical function. These preliminary findings may support therapeutic interventions aimed at improving muscle power to potentially increase functional benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirby P Mayer
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, 900 Rose Street, Wethington 204D, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - Meghan M Welle
- Center of Excellence in Rural Health, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Corey G Evans
- Center of Excellence in Rural Health, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Bryana G Greenhill
- Center of Excellence in Rural Health, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ashley A Montgomery-Yates
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, 900 Rose Street, Wethington 204D, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - Peter E Morris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Selina M Parry
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mayer KP, Henning AN, Gaines KM, Cassity EP, Morris PE, Villasante Tezanos AG, Johnson CA, Lee JT, Baz M, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Physical Function Measured Prior to Lung Transplantation Is Associated With Posttransplant Patient Outcomes. Transplant Proc 2020; 53:288-295. [PMID: 32950260 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The primary objective of this study was to determine whether pretransplant physical function is correlated with posttransplantation outcomes. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of patients that participated in pretransplantation screening and subsequently underwent lung transplantation. Pretransplant variables of interest included demographics, muscle mass, body composition, physical function, and physical frailty. Correlation tests were performed to assess relationships with significance set at 0.05. RESULTS Twenty-five patients with a mean age of 57 ± 13 years (68% male) with pretransplant lung allocation score of 45 ± 14 were included. This cohort had a 3-year mortality rate of 32% (n = 8). Pretransplant 4-m gait speed was significantly related to performance on the Short Physical Performance Battery (r = 0.74, P = .02) and distance ambulated on the 6-minute walk test (r = 0.62, P = .07) at hospital discharge. Older age was associated with slower gait speed and worse performance on sit-to-stand testing at hospital discharge (r = -0.76, P = .01 and r = -0.75, P = .01, respectively). Statistically, only diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was associated with 3-year mortality. DISCUSSION Our study demonstrates that demographic, clinical, and physical function assessed prior to lung transplantation may be indicators of functional recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirby P Mayer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
| | - Angela N Henning
- Inpatient Rehabilitation Department, Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kathryn M Gaines
- Inpatient Rehabilitation Department, Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Evan P Cassity
- Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Peter E Morris
- Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - Carrie A Johnson
- Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - James T Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Maher Baz
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Lung Transplant, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mayer KP, Dhar S, Cassity E, Denham A, England J, Morris PE, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Interrater Reliability of Muscle Ultrasonography Image Acquisition by Physical Therapists in Patients Who Have or Who Survived Critical Illness. Phys Ther 2020; 100:1701-1711. [PMID: 32302406 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated that muscle ultrasound (US) can be reliably performed at the patient bedside by novice assessors with minimal training. The primary objective of this study was to determine the interrater reliability of muscle US image acquisition by physical therapists and physical therapist students. Secondarily, this study was designed to elucidate the process for training physical therapists to perform peripheral skeletal muscle US. METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study. Four novices and 1 expert participated in the study. Novice sonographers engaged in a structured training program prior to implementation. US images were obtained on the biceps brachii, quadriceps femoris, and tibialis anterior muscles in 3 groups: patients in the intensive care unit, patients on the hospital ward, and participants in the outpatient gym who were healthy. Reliability of image acquisition was analyzed compared with the expert sonographer. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficient values ranged from 0.76 to 0.97 with an average for all raters and all muscles of 0.903, indicating excellent reliability of image acquisition. In general, the experienced physical therapist had higher or similar intraclass correlation coefficient values compared with the physical therapist students in relation to the expert sonographer. CONCLUSIONS Excellent interrater reliability for US was observed regardless of the level of experience, severity of patient illness, or patient setting. These findings indicate that the use of muscle US by physical therapists can accurately capture reliable images in patients with a range of illness severity and different clinical practice settings across the continuum of care. IMPACT Physical therapists can utilize US to obtain images to assess muscle morphology. LAY SUMMARY Physical therapists can use noninvasive US as an imaging tool to assess the size and quality of peripheral skeletal muscle. This study demonstrates that physical therapists can receive training to reliably obtain muscle images in patients admitted to the intensive care unit who may be at risk for muscle wasting and may benefit from early rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirby P Mayer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Sanjay Dhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Kentucky
| | - Evan Cassity
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Kentucky
| | - Aaron Denham
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky
| | - Johnny England
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky
| | - Peter E Morris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Kentucky
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Van Pelt DW, Vechetti IJ, Lawrence MM, Van Pelt KL, Patel P, Miller BF, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Serum extracellular vesicle miR-203a-3p content is associated with skeletal muscle mass and protein turnover during disuse atrophy and regrowth. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C419-C431. [PMID: 32639875 PMCID: PMC7500218 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00223.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of skeletal muscle size, and circulating miRNAs within extracellular vesicles (EVs) may contribute to atrophy and its associated systemic effects. The purpose of this study was to understand how muscle atrophy and regrowth alter in vivo serum EV miRNA content. We also associated changes in serum EV miRNA with protein synthesis, protein degradation, and miRNA within muscle, kidney, and liver. We subjected adult (10 mo) F344/BN rats to three conditions: weight bearing (WB), hindlimb suspension (HS) for 7 days to induce muscle atrophy, and HS for 7 days followed by 7 days of reloading (HSR). Microarray analysis of EV miRNA content showed that the overall changes in serum EV miRNA were predicted to target major anabolic, catabolic, and mechanosensitive pathways. MiR-203a-3p was the only miRNA demonstrating substantial differences in HS EVs compared with WB. There was a limited association of EV miRNA content to the corresponding miRNA content within the muscle, kidney, or liver. Stepwise linear regression demonstrated that EV miR-203a-3p was correlated with muscle mass and muscle protein synthesis and degradation across all conditions. Finally, EV miR-203a-3p expression was significantly decreased in human subjects who underwent unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) to induce muscle atrophy. Altogether, we show that serum EV miR-203a-3p expression is related to skeletal muscle protein turnover and atrophy. We suggest that serum EV miR-203a-3p content may be a useful biomarker and future work should investigate whether serum EV miR-203a-3p content is mechanistically linked to protein synthesis and degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Van Pelt
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Marcus M Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kathryn L Van Pelt
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Parth Patel
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hunt ER, Davi SM, Van Pelt DW, Lattermann C, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Butterfield TA, Lepley LK. Early Physiological Changes To The Vastus Lateralis After Non-invasive Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000671012.04418.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
28
|
Lawrence MM, Van Pelt DW, Confides AL, Hunt ER, Hettinger ZR, Laurin JL, Reid JJ, Peelor FF, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Miller BF. Massage as a mechanotherapy promotes skeletal muscle protein and ribosomal turnover but does not mitigate muscle atrophy during disuse in adult rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 229:e13460. [PMID: 32125770 PMCID: PMC7293583 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Interventions that decrease atrophy during disuse are desperately needed to maintain muscle mass. We recently found that massage as a mechanotherapy can improve muscle regrowth following disuse atrophy. Therefore, we aimed to determine if massage has similar anabolic effects when applied during normal weight bearing conditions (WB) or during atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension (HS) in adult rats. METHODS Adult (10 months) male Fischer344-Brown Norway rats underwent either hindlimb suspension (HS, n = 8) or normal WB (WB, n = 8) for 7 days. Massage was applied using cyclic compressive loading (CCL) in WB (WBM, n = 9) or HS rats (HSM, n = 9) and included four 30-minute bouts of CCL applied to gastrocnemius muscle every other day. RESULTS Massage had no effect on any anabolic parameter measured under WB conditions (WBM). In contrast, massage during HS (HSM) stimulated protein turnover, but did not mitigate muscle atrophy. Atrophy from HS was caused by both lowered protein synthesis and higher degradation. HS and HSM had lowered total RNA compared with WB and this was the result of significantly higher ribosome degradation in HS that was attenuated in HSM, without differences in ribosomal biogenesis. Also, massage increased protein turnover in the non-massaged contralateral limb during HS. Finally, we determined that total RNA degradation primarily dictates loss of muscle ribosomal content during disuse atrophy. CONCLUSION We conclude that massage is an effective mechanotherapy to impact protein turnover during muscle disuse in both the massaged and non-massaged contralateral muscle, but it does not attenuate the loss of muscle mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M. Lawrence
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Douglas W. Van Pelt
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Amy L. Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Emily R. Hunt
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Zachary R. Hettinger
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jaime L. Laurin
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Justin J. Reid
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Frederick F. Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Timothy A. Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Benjamin F. Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Finlin BS, Memetimin H, Zhu B, Confides AL, Vekaria HJ, El Khouli RH, Johnson ZR, Westgate PM, Chen J, Morris AJ, Sullivan PG, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Kern PA. The β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron improves glucose homeostasis in obese humans. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2319-2331. [PMID: 31961829 PMCID: PMC7190997 DOI: 10.1172/jci134892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDBeige adipose tissue is associated with improved glucose homeostasis in mice. Adipose tissue contains β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs), and this study was intended to determine whether the treatment of obese, insulin-resistant humans with the β3-AR agonist mirabegron, which stimulates beige adipose formation in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT), would induce other beneficial changes in fat and muscle and improve metabolic homeostasis.METHODSBefore and after β3-AR agonist treatment, oral glucose tolerance tests and euglycemic clamps were performed, and histochemical analysis and gene expression profiling were performed on fat and muscle biopsies. PET-CT scans quantified brown adipose tissue volume and activity, and we conducted in vitro studies with primary cultures of differentiated human adipocytes and muscle.RESULTSThe clinical effects of mirabegron treatment included improved oral glucose tolerance (P < 0.01), reduced hemoglobin A1c levels (P = 0.01), and improved insulin sensitivity (P = 0.03) and β cell function (P = 0.01). In SC WAT, mirabegron treatment stimulated lipolysis, reduced fibrotic gene expression, and increased alternatively activated macrophages. Subjects with the most SC WAT beiging showed the greatest improvement in β cell function. In skeletal muscle, mirabegron reduced triglycerides, increased the expression of PPARγ coactivator 1 α (PGC1A) (P < 0.05), and increased type I fibers (P < 0.01). Conditioned media from adipocytes treated with mirabegron stimulated muscle fiber PGC1A expression in vitro (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONMirabegron treatment substantially improved multiple measures of glucose homeostasis in obese, insulin-resistant humans. Since β cells and skeletal muscle do not express β3-ARs, these data suggest that the beiging of SC WAT by mirabegron reduces adipose tissue dysfunction, which enhances muscle oxidative capacity and improves β cell function.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicaltrials.gov NCT02919176.FUNDINGNIH: DK112282, P30GM127211, DK 71349, and Clinical and Translational science Awards (CTSA) grant UL1TR001998.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Finlin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine
| | - Hasiyet Memetimin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine
| | - Amy L. Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences
- Center for Muscle Biology
| | | | | | - Zachary R. Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine
| | | | - Jianzhong Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andrew J. Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | | | - Philip A. Kern
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, College of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Englund DA, Murach KA, Dungan CM, Figueiredo VC, Vechetti IJ, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Depletion of resident muscle stem cells negatively impacts running volume, physical function, and muscle fiber hypertrophy in response to lifelong physical activity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1178-C1188. [PMID: 32320286 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00090.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To date, studies that have aimed to investigate the role of satellite cells during adult skeletal muscle adaptation and hypertrophy have utilized a nontranslational stimulus and/or have been performed over a relatively short time frame. Although it has been shown that satellite cell depletion throughout adulthood does not drive skeletal muscle loss in sedentary mice, it remains unknown how satellite cells participate in skeletal muscle adaptation to long-term physical activity. The current study was designed to determine whether reduced satellite cell content throughout adulthood would influence the transcriptome-wide response to physical activity and diminish the adaptive response of skeletal muscle. We administered vehicle or tamoxifen to adult Pax7-diphtheria toxin A (DTA) mice to deplete satellite cells and assigned them to sedentary or wheel-running conditions for 13 mo. Satellite cell depletion throughout adulthood reduced balance and coordination, overall running volume, and the size of muscle proprioceptors (spindle fibers). Furthermore, satellite cell participation was necessary for optimal muscle fiber hypertrophy but not adaptations in fiber type distribution in response to lifelong physical activity. Transcriptome-wide analysis of the plantaris and soleus revealed that satellite cell function is muscle type specific; satellite cell-dependent myonuclear accretion was apparent in oxidative muscles, whereas initiation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in the glycolytic plantaris may require satellite cells to induce optimal adaptations to long-term physical activity. These findings suggest that satellite cells play a role in preserving physical function during aging and influence muscle adaptation during sustained periods of physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Cory M Dungan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Vandré C Figueiredo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Van Pelt DW, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Disuse Atrophy Elevates the Release of Skeletal Muscle‐derived Extracellular Vesicles but Lowers Serum EV Concentration in Rats. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.03995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
32
|
Hettinger ZR, Confides AL, Hamagata K, Butterfield TA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Mechano‐therapy using high loads enhances regrowth of skeletal muscle in young, but induces muscle damage in old rats. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
33
|
Van Pelt DW, Confides AL, Abshire SM, Hunt ER, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Butterfield TA. Age-related responses to a bout of mechanotherapy in skeletal muscle of rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:1782-1791. [PMID: 31670600 PMCID: PMC6962605 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00641.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic compressive loading (CCL) is a massage mimetic that improves muscle regrowth from atrophy in adult rats. Therefore, we tested if a single bout of CCL increases anabolic signaling and protein synthesis in muscle during normal, weight-bearing conditions in gastrocnemius muscle from adult and aged rats. Male Brown Norway/F344 rats at 10 (adult) and 30 (aged) months of age were assigned control or CCL (receiving a single bout of CCL). Twenty-four hours following a single bout of CCL there was no change in protein synthesis, Akt, or GSK3β signaling at either age, despite adult rats having higher abundance and activation of mechanosensitive pathways (integrins and integrin-linked kinase). Murf1 was elevated in response to CCL in both age groups, potentially indicating muscle remodeling. Muscle from aged rats exhibited an increase in heat shock protein (HSP) 25 and HSP70 and in the cold shock protein RNA-binding motif 3 (RBM3), demonstrating a unique stress response to CCL in aged muscle only. Finally, muscle from aged rats exhibited higher basal protein synthesis that was corroborated by elevated eIF2Bε and rpS6 signaling, without an additional effect of CCL. In summary, a single bout of CCL does not have anabolic effects on skeletal muscle during normal, weight-bearing conditions, even though it has previously been shown to improve regrowth from atrophy. These data demonstrate that interventions that may help recover from atrophy do not necessarily induce muscle hypertrophy in unperturbed conditions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Massage has been demonstrated to be an effective mechanotherapy to improve recovery from atrophy in adult skeletal muscle; however, this study shows that a single bout of massage fails to increase protein synthesis or anabolic signaling in adult or aged skeletal muscle during normal, weight-bearing conditions. Altogether, our data suggest massage is a useful mechanotherapy for preserving skeletal muscle when combined with other interventions but is not an anabolic stimulus on its own.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Van Pelt
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Sarah M Abshire
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Emily R Hunt
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Rehabilitation Sciences PhD Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Timothy A Butterfield
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Murach KA, Dungan CM, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. “Muscle memory” not mediated by myonuclear number? Secondary analysis of human detraining data. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:1814-1816. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00506.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- The College of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Cory M. Dungan
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- The College of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- The College of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J. McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- The College of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- The College of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- The College of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Englund DA, Peck BD, Murach KA, Neal AC, Caldwell HA, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Resident muscle stem cells are not required for testosterone-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C719-C724. [PMID: 31314585 PMCID: PMC6851003 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00260.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is postulated that testosterone-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy is driven by myonuclear accretion as the result of satellite cell fusion. To directly test this hypothesis, we utilized the Pax7-DTA mouse model to deplete satellite cells in skeletal muscle followed by testosterone administration. Pax7-DTA mice (6 mo of age) were treated for 5 days with either vehicle [satellite cell replete (SC+)] or tamoxifen [satellite cell depleted (SC-)]. Following a washout period, a testosterone propionate or sham pellet was implanted for 21 days. Testosterone administration caused a significant increase in muscle fiber cross-sectional area in SC+ and SC- mice in both oxidative (soleus) and glycolytic (plantaris and extensor digitorum longus) muscles. In SC+ mice treated with testosterone, there was a significant increase in both satellite cell abundance and myonuclei that was completely absent in testosterone-treated SC- mice. These findings provide direct evidence that testosterone-induced muscle fiber hypertrophy does not require an increase in satellite cell abundance or myonuclear accretion.Listen to a podcast about this Rapid Report with senior author E. E. Dupont-Versteegden (https://ajpcell.podbean.com/e/podcast-on-paper-that-shows-testosterone-induced-skeletal-muscle-hypertrophy-does-not-need-muscle-stem-cells/).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davis A Englund
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Bailey D Peck
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ally C Neal
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Hannah A Caldwell
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Kearns NE, Kleinert JO, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Implementing Multilevel School-Based Physical Activity Interventions Using Core Implementation Components Model. J Sch Health 2019; 89:427-431. [PMID: 30895634 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based comprehensive physical activity programs developed for public schools are abundant yet a theoretical framework for implementation of these programs is lacking. Implementation science in public service organizations is an emerging area of research, but has not been widely successful in the area of physical activity implementation in public schools. METHODS Factors influencing the implementation of physical activity programs in public schools have been explored. RESULTS To assist federal, state, and local policymakers in developing or enforcing existing policy, this paper provides an integrated theoretical framework, which will address the need for implementation of interventions to increase school-based physical activity programs. CONCLUSION We propose a sustainable model of implementation for increasing moderate to vigorous physical activity in public schools using Core Implementation Components theory for organizations and policymakers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E Kearns
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone St., CTW 204P, Lexington, KY 40536-020
| | - Jane O Kleinert
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Health Sciences. University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone St., CTW 124N, Lexington, KY 40536-0200
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone St., CTW 204L, Lexington, KY 40536-0200
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hornberger TA, Carter HN, Hood DA, Figueiredo VC, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ, Camera DM, Hawley JA, Chaillou T, Cheng AJ, Nader GA, Wüst RCI, Houtkooper RH. Commentaries on Viewpoint: The rigorous study of exercise adaptations: Why mRNA might not be enough. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 121:597-600. [PMID: 27543661 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00509.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Troy A Hornberger
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Heather N Carter
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - David A Hood
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Vandré Casagrande Figueiredo
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - John J McCarthy
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Donny M Camera
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - John A Hawley
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Thomas Chaillou
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Gustavo A Nader
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- University of Wisconsin-MadisonYork UniversityUniversity of KentuckyAustralian Catholic UniversityAustralian Catholic University, Liverpool John Moores UniversityKarolinska InstitutetPennsylvania State UniversityAcademic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Finlin BS, Memetimin H, Confides AL, Kasza I, Zhu B, Vekaria HJ, Harfmann B, Jones KA, Johnson ZR, Westgate PM, Alexander CM, Sullivan PG, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Kern PA. Human adipose beiging in response to cold and mirabegron. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121510. [PMID: 30089732 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The induction of beige adipocytes in s.c. white adipose tissue (WAT) depots of humans is postulated to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in obesity. The ability of obese, insulin-resistant humans to induce beige adipose tissue is unknown. METHODS We exposed lean and obese research participants to cold (30-minute ice pack application each day for 10 days of the upper thigh) or treated them with the β3 agonist mirabegron. We determined beige adipose marker expression by IHC and quantitative PCR, and we analyzed mitochondrial bioenergetics and UCP activity with an Oxytherm system. RESULTS Cold significantly induced UCP1 and TMEM26 protein in both lean and obese subjects, and this response was not associated with age. Interestingly, these proteins increased to the same extent in s.c. WAT of the noniced contralateral leg, indicating a crossover effect. We further analyzed the bioenergetics of purified mitochondria from the abdominal s.c. WAT of cold-treated subjects and determined that repeat ice application significantly increased uncoupled respiration, consistent with the UCP1 protein induction and subsequent activation. Cold also increased State 3 and maximal respiration, and this effect on mitochondrial bioenergetics was stronger in summer than winter. Chronic treatment (10 weeks; 50 mg/day) with the β3 receptor agonist mirabegron induces UCP1, TMEM26, CIDEA, and phosphorylation of HSL on serine660 in obese subjects. CONCLUSION Cold or β3 agonists cause the induction of beige adipose tissue in human s.c. WAT; this phenomenon may be exploited to increase beige adipose in older, insulin-resistant, obese individuals. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02596776, NCT02919176. FUNDING NIH (DK107646, DK112282, P20GM103527, and by CTSA grant UL1TR001998).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Finlin
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, and
| | - Hasiyet Memetimin
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, and
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ildiko Kasza
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Beibei Zhu
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, and
| | - Hemendra J Vekaria
- Department of Neuroscience.,Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, and
| | - Brianna Harfmann
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, and
| | - Kelly A Jones
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, and
| | - Zachary R Johnson
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, and
| | - Philip M Westgate
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Caroline M Alexander
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Patrick G Sullivan
- Department of Neuroscience.,Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, and
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Philip A Kern
- The Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, and
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Van Pelt DW, Confides AL, Judge AR, Vanderklish PW, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Cold shock protein RBM3 attenuates atrophy and induces hypertrophy in skeletal muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2018; 39:35-40. [PMID: 30051360 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-018-9496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3), a stress-inducible RNA-binding protein that increases protein synthesis and confers cell protection in multiple cell types, has been identified as a possible regulator of skeletal muscle mass. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to examine the impact of elevated RBM3 on skeletal muscle hypertrophy and resistance to atrophy. Plasmid-mediated overexpression of RBM3 in vitro and in vivo was used to assess the role of RBM3 in muscle. C2C12 myotubes overexpressing RBM3 were approximately 1.6 times larger than non-transfected myotubes, suggesting a role for RBM3 in hypertrophy. In addition, elevated RBM3 attenuated atrophy in myotubes exposed to dexamethasone. In agreement with in vitro results, overexpression of RBM3 in soleus muscle of F344/BN rats using electroporation techniques increased the cross sectional area of muscle fibers. Overexpression of RBM3 also attenuated muscle atrophy in rat soleus muscle undergoing disuse atrophy. These findings provide direct evidence for a novel role of RBM3 in inducing hypertrophy as well as attenuating atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Van Pelt
- Department Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, RM 210E, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA
| | - Amy L Confides
- Department Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, RM 210E, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA.,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA
| | - Andrew R Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0154, USA
| | - Peter W Vanderklish
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, 900 S. Limestone, RM 210E, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA. .,Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536-0200, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Murach KA, Englund DA, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Myonuclear Domain Flexibility Challenges Rigid Assumptions on Satellite Cell Contribution to Skeletal Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy. Front Physiol 2018; 9:635. [PMID: 29896117 PMCID: PMC5986879 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cell-mediated myonuclear accretion is thought to be required for skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy, and even drive hypertrophy by preceding growth. Recent studies in humans and rodents provide evidence that challenge this axiom. Specifically, Type 2 muscle fibers reliably demonstrate a substantial capacity to hypertrophy in the absence of myonuclear accretion, challenging the notion of a tightly regulated myonuclear domain (i.e., area that each myonucleus transcriptionally governs). In fact, a “myonuclear domain ceiling”, or upper limit of transcriptional output per nucleus to support hypertrophy, has yet to be identified. Satellite cells respond to muscle damage, and also play an important role in extracellular matrix remodeling during loading-induced hypertrophy. We postulate that robust satellite cell activation and proliferation in response to mechanical loading is largely for these purposes. Future work will aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which Type 2 fibers can hypertrophy without additional myonuclei, the extent to which Type 1 fibers can grow without myonuclear accretion, and whether a true myonuclear domain ceiling exists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Davis A Englund
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - John J McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Johnson AM, Kuperstein J, Howell D, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Physical Therapists Know Function: An Opinion on Mobility and Level of Activity During Hospitalization for Adult Inpatients. Hosp Top 2018; 96:61-68. [PMID: 29781780 DOI: 10.1080/00185868.2018.1463831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Negative consequences of immobility during hospitalization are widely known and remain undisputed. Evidence of low mobility for general medicine adult inpatients persists. Patients who experience hospital acquired functional decline due to low mobility require costly post-acute care services. The impact of immobility on post-acute care physical function and quality of life is directly at odds with value-based care. New Medicare payment models emphasize value-based care to promote care improvement and better patient outcomes. Quality improvement projects show promise in changing clinical practice using clinical champions, interprofessional collaboration, and teamwork. Physical therapists have a distinct expertise acutely focused on mobility and physical activity during hospitalization. Patients need acute care team members to develop sustainable clinical practice changes and to accept collective responsibility for a culture of mobility. Partnering with physical therapists and using their expertise to direct mobility, executed by the appropriate support personnel, can achieve the Quadruple Aim.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Johnson
- a Division of Physical Therapy , College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA
| | - Janice Kuperstein
- a Division of Physical Therapy , College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA
| | - Dana Howell
- b Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy , Eastern Kentucky University , Richmond , Kentucky , USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- a Division of Physical Therapy , College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA.,c Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky , USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Murach KA, Fry CS, Kirby TJ, Jackson JR, Lee JD, White SH, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Starring or Supporting Role? Satellite Cells and Skeletal Muscle Fiber Size Regulation. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 33:26-38. [PMID: 29212890 PMCID: PMC5866409 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00019.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent loss-of-function studies show that satellite cell depletion does not promote sarcopenia or unloading-induced atrophy, and does not prevent regrowth. Although overload-induced muscle fiber hypertrophy is normally associated with satellite cell-mediated myonuclear accretion, hypertrophic adaptation proceeds in the absence of satellite cells in fully grown adult mice, but not in young growing mice. Emerging evidence also indicates that satellite cells play an important role in remodeling the extracellular matrix during hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Health Professions, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Tyler J Kirby
- The Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Janna R Jackson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jonah D Lee
- Environment, Health, and Safety, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sarah H White
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; and
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - John J McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky;
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Johnson AM, Henning AN, Morris PE, Tezanos AGV, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Timing and Amount of Physical Therapy Treatment are Associated with Length of Stay in the Cardiothoracic ICU. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17591. [PMID: 29242519 PMCID: PMC5730602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant variability exists in physical therapy early mobilization practice. The frequency of physical therapy or early mobilization of patients in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit and its effect on length of stay has not been investigated. The goal of our research was to examine variables that influence physical therapy evaluation and treatment in the intensive care unit using a retrospective chart review. Patients (n = 2568) were categorized and compared based on the most common diagnoses or surgical procedures. Multivariate semi-logarithmic regression analyses were used to determine correlations. Differences among patient subgroups for all independent variables other than age and for length of stay were found. The regression model determined that time to first physical therapy evaluation, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, mean days of physical therapy treatment and mechanical ventilation were associated with increased hospital length of stay. Time to first physical therapy evaluation in the intensive care unit and the hospital, and mean days of physical therapy treatment associated with hospital length of stay. Further prospective study is required to determine whether shortening time to physical therapy evaluation and treatment in a cardiothoracic intensive care unit could influence length of stay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Johnson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America.
| | - Angela N Henning
- Rehabilitation Department, UK HealthCare, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Peter E Morris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Alejandro G Villasante Tezanos
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Murach KA, Confides AL, Ho A, Jackson JR, Ghazala LS, Peterson CA, Dupont-Versteegden EE. Depletion of Pax7+ satellite cells does not affect diaphragm adaptations to running in young or aged mice. J Physiol 2017; 595:6299-6311. [PMID: 28736900 DOI: 10.1113/jp274611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Satellite cell depletion does not affect diaphragm adaptations to voluntary wheel running in young or aged mice. Satellite cell depletion early in life (4 months of age) has minimal effect on diaphragm phenotype by old age (24 months). Prolonged satellite cell depletion in the diaphragm does not result in excessive extracellular matrix accumulation, in contrast to what has been reported in hind limb muscles. Up-regulation of Pax3 mRNA+ cells after satellite cell depletion in young and aged mice suggests that Pax3+ cells may compensate for a loss of Pax7+ satellite cells in the diaphragm. Future investigations should focus on the role of Pax3+ cells in the diaphragm during adaptation to exercise and ageing. ABSTRACT Satellite cell contribution to unstressed diaphragm is higher compared to hind limb muscles, which is probably attributable to constant activation of this muscle to drive ventilation. Whether satellite cell depletion negatively impacts diaphragm quantitative and qualitative characteristics under stressed conditions in young and aged mice is unknown. We therefore challenged the diaphragm with prolonged running activity in the presence and absence of Pax7+ satellite cells in young and aged mice using an inducible Pax7CreER -R26RDTA model. Mice were vehicle (Veh, satellite cell-replete) or tamoxifen (Tam, satellite cell-depleted) treated at 4 months of age and were then allowed to run voluntarily at 6 months (young) and 22 months (aged). Age-matched, cage-dwelling, Veh- and Tam-treated mice without wheel access served as activity controls. Diaphragm muscles were analysed from young (8 months) and aged (24 months) mice. Satellite cell depletion did not alter diaphragm mean fibre cross-sectional area, fibre type distribution or extracellular matrix content in young or aged mice, regardless of running activity. Resting in vivo diaphragm function was also unaffected by satellite cell depletion. Myonuclear density was maintained in young satellite cell-depleted mice regardless of running, although it was modestly reduced in aged sedentary (-7%) and running (-19%) mice without satellite cells (P < 0.05). Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we detected higher Pax3 mRNA+ cell density in both young and aged satellite cell-depleted diaphragm muscle (P < 0.05), which may compensate for the loss of Pax7+ satellite cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Amy L Confides
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Angel Ho
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Janna R Jackson
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lina S Ghazala
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Murach KA, White SH, Wen Y, Ho A, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Differential requirement for satellite cells during overload-induced muscle hypertrophy in growing versus mature mice. Skelet Muscle 2017; 7:14. [PMID: 28693603 PMCID: PMC5504676 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-017-0132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pax7+ satellite cells are required for skeletal muscle fiber growth during post-natal development in mice. Satellite cell-mediated myonuclear accretion also appears to persist into early adulthood. Given the important role of satellite cells during muscle development, we hypothesized that the necessity of satellite cells for adaptation to an imposed hypertrophic stimulus depends on maturational age. Methods Pax7CreER-R26RDTA mice were treated for 5 days with vehicle (satellite cell-replete, SC+) or tamoxifen (satellite cell-depleted, SC-) at 2 months (young) and 4 months (mature) of age. Following a 2-week washout, mice were subjected to sham surgery or 10 day synergist ablation overload of the plantaris (n = 6–9 per group). The surgical approach minimized regeneration, de novo fiber formation, and fiber splitting while promoting muscle fiber growth. Satellite cell density (Pax7+ cells/fiber), embryonic myosin heavy chain expression (eMyHC), and muscle fiber cross sectional area (CSA) were evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Myonuclei (myonuclei/100 mm) were counted on isolated single muscle fibers. Results Tamoxifen treatment depleted satellite cells by ≥90% and prevented myonuclear accretion with overload in young and mature mice (p < 0.05). Satellite cells did not recover in SC- mice after overload. Average muscle fiber CSA increased ~20% in young SC+ (p = 0.07), mature SC+ (p < 0.05), and mature SC- mice (p < 0.05). In contrast, muscle fiber hypertrophy was prevented in young SC- mice. Muscle fiber number increased only in mature mice after overload (p < 0.05), and eMyHC expression was variable, specifically in mature SC+ mice. Conclusions Reliance on satellite cells for overload-induced hypertrophy is dependent on maturational age, and global responses to overload differ in young versus mature mice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13395-017-0132-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Murach
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Sarah H White
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Angel Ho
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Finlin BS, Zhu B, Confides AL, Westgate PM, Harfmann BD, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Kern PA. Mast Cells Promote Seasonal White Adipose Beiging in Humans. Diabetes 2017; 66:1237-1246. [PMID: 28250021 PMCID: PMC5399616 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human subcutaneous (SC) white adipose tissue (WAT) increases the expression of beige adipocyte genes in the winter. Studies in rodents suggest that a number of immune mediators are important in the beiging response. We studied the seasonal beiging response in SC WAT from lean humans. We measured the gene expression of various immune cell markers and performed multivariate analysis of the gene expression data to identify genes that predict UCP1. Interleukin (IL)-4 and, unexpectedly, the mast cell marker CPA3 predicted UCP1 gene expression. Therefore, we investigated the effects of mast cells on UCP1 induction by adipocytes. TIB64 mast cells responded to cold by releasing histamine and IL-4, and this medium stimulated UCP1 expression and lipolysis by 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Pharmacological block of mast cell degranulation potently inhibited histamine release by mast cells and inhibited adipocyte UCP1 mRNA induction by conditioned medium (CM). Consistently, the histamine receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine potently inhibited adipocyte UCP1 mRNA induction by mast cell CM. Together, these data show that mast cells sense colder temperatures, release factors that promote UCP1 expression, and are an important immune cell type in the beiging response of WAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Finlin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Amy L Confides
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Brianna D Harfmann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Philip A Kern
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and the Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
McCarthy JJ, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Fry CS, Murach KA, Peterson CA. Methodological issues limit interpretation of negative effects of satellite cell depletion on adult muscle hypertrophy. Development 2017; 144:1363-1365. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.145797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John J. McCarthy
- Department of Physiology and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Christopher S. Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kevin A. Murach
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Murphy RJL, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Peterson CA, Houle JD. Two Experimental Strategies to Restore Muscle Mass in Adult Rats Following Spinal Cord Injury. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/154596839901300205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury decreases muscle mass and is associated with myofiber type trans formations in skeletal muscles. The present study evaluated the potential of motor- assisted cycling exercise or transplantation of fetal spinal cord tissue into the lesion cavity to inhibit or minimize these changes in skeletal muscles of 27 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats. Soleus (SO) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were studied 30 to 32 days after injury/intervention in the following groups: uninjured control ani mals (Con); spinal cord injured only (Tx); Tx with a 4-week exercise program con sisting of five weekly 60-minute sessions of cycling exercise initiated 5 days after in jury (TxEx); and Tx with fetal spinal cord tissue transplanted into the lesion cavity at the time of injury (TxTp). SO and TA muscle to body weight ratios were reduced significantly in the Tx group (24-30% decrease vs Con, p < 0.05) but were maintained with regular cycling exercise (6-8% decrease vs Con, no significant difference). The transplant had a beneficial effect on TA muscle mass (16% decrease vs Con, no sig nificant difference) but was not effective in limiting the effects of Tx on SO muscle mass. Immunohistochemistry and Northern analysis of TA and SO muscles revealed a Tx-induced reduction in myofiber cross sectional area (22% and 33% vs Con re spectively, p < 0.05) as well as a conversion in myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expres sion toward faster MyHC isoforms. Moreover, one month after injury, there was an increase in myofibers expressing more than one MyHC. mRNA encoding MyoD, a muscle-specific transcription factor, was increased in SO muscles suggesting that it may be involved in the long-term adaptations following spinal cord transection. Although cycling exercise was effective in preventing the decrease in myofiber area in both TA and SO, it did not inhibit the transformations of myofiber type. TA myofiber area was maintained in transplant recipients, however, this treatment was without conse quence on the size of SO myofibers. These results suggest that some of the normally observed spinal cord injury-induced skeletal muscle adaptations are minimized after one month of cycling exercise or fetal spinal cord tissue transplants. Key Words: Myosin heavy chain—Exercise—MyoD—Fetal tissue transplantation—Fiber types.
Collapse
|
50
|
Kirby TJ, Patel RM, McClintock TS, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ. Myonuclear transcription is responsive to mechanical load and DNA content but uncoupled from cell size during hypertrophy. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:788-98. [PMID: 26764089 PMCID: PMC4803305 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-08-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle hypertrophy is used as a physiological model to study how global transcription is affected by changes in cell size and DNA content. Myonuclear transcription is sensitive to both mechanical load and DNA content, with smaller myofibers unexpectedly having the highest level of transcription during hypertrophy. Myofibers increase size and DNA content in response to a hypertrophic stimulus, thus providing a physiological model with which to study how these factors affect global transcription. Using 5-ethynyl uridine (EU) to metabolically label nascent RNA, we measured a sevenfold increase in myofiber transcription during early hypertrophy before a change in cell size and DNA content. The typical increase in myofiber DNA content observed at the later stage of hypertrophy was associated with a significant decrease in the percentage of EU-positive myonuclei; however, when DNA content was held constant by preventing myonuclear accretion via satellite cell depletion, both the number of transcriptionally active myonuclei and the amount of RNA generated by each myonucleus increased. During late hypertrophy, transcription did not scale with cell size, as smaller myofibers (<1000 μm2) demonstrated the highest transcriptional activity. Finally, transcription was primarily responsible for changes in the expression of genes known to regulate myofiber size. These findings show that resident myonuclei possess a significant reserve capacity to up-regulate transcription during hypertrophy and that myofiber transcription is responsive to DNA content but uncoupled from cell size during hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Kirby
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536 Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536
| | - Rooshil M Patel
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536
| | - Timothy S McClintock
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536 Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KT 40536
| |
Collapse
|