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Vandyousefi S, Messito MJ, Scott MA, Gross RS. Do Appetite Traits Mediate the Link Between Birth Weight and Later Child Weight in Low-Income Hispanic Families? Child Obes 2023; 19:489-497. [PMID: 36255444 PMCID: PMC10541931 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Birth weight and appetite traits (ATs) are important early life determinants of child weight and obesity. Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine whether (1) birth weight-for-gestational age z-scores (BWGAzs) were associated with ATs at child age 2 years and (2) ATs mediated the link between BWGAzs and weight-for-age z-scores (WFAzs) at child ages 3 and 4 years among Hispanic children. Methods: We conducted a secondary longitudinal analysis of data from the Starting Early Program of low-income, Hispanic mother-child pairs. ATs were assessed using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire at age 2 years. Child birth weight was obtained from medical records. Birth weight, sex, and gestational age were used to generate BWGAzs with Fenton growth curves. WFAz was calculated based on the CDC 2000 growth charts. Regression and mediation analyses were used to explore associations between BWGAzs, ATs, and WFAzs. Results: Infants with higher BWGAzs had significantly lower Satiety Responsiveness (B = -0.10) and Food Fussiness (B = -0.13) scores at age 2 years and higher WFAzs at ages 3 (B = 0.44) and 4 (B = 0.34) years. Lower Satiety Responsiveness at age 2 years was associated with higher WFAzs at ages 3 (B = -0.11) and 4 (B = -0.34; all p < 0.01) years. Lower Satiety Responsiveness partially mediated the positive relationship between birth weight and child WFAzs at ages 3 and 4 years. Conclusions: Children with higher birth weight and lower Satiety Responsiveness scores may be at higher risk of developing obesity in childhood. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms through which birth weight influences child appetite. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01541761.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvenaz Vandyousefi
- Department of Medicine and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Jo Messito
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc A Scott
- Department of Applied Statistics, Social Science, and Humanities, New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel S Gross
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Barrea L, Framondi L, DI Matteo R, Verde L, Vetrani C, Graziadio C, Pugliese G, Laudisio D, Vitale G, Iannicelli A, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. The role of the nurse in the obesity clinic: a practical guideline. Panminerva Med 2021; 63:539-546. [PMID: 34544231 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04540-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health problem, and its trend is increasing worldwide. Interventions to effectively treat obesity and its related diseases are advocated. Given the complexity of obesity management, nurses need specific core skills to work in the Obesity Clinic and can act as key players in the multidisciplinary team of the Obesity Clinic. To provide practical guidelines for nurses working in Obesity Clinic for effective management of obesity and its related diseases, the current evidence on the role nurses in the obesity clinic was reviewed. Nurses can play a pivotal role in the management of patients with obesity and associated diseases that may require a stricter follow-up than usual care. Given the complexity of the treatment of obesity and its comorbidity, nurses should receive a specific training for: 1) methods and tools to effectively treat obesity and obesity-related disease, 2) patients and families education on nutrition, lifestyle changes, and prevention/management of obesity-related diseases; 3) motivation of patients towards adherence to treatment to achieve their specific goals. This manuscript highlights the need of specific core skills for nurses working in the Obesity Clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Napoli, Italy - .,Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O), University Federico II, Naples, Italy -
| | - Lydia Framondi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rossana DI Matteo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Graziadio
- Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O), University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O), University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Laudisio
- Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O), University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Iannicelli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O), University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O), University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Centro italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con obesità (C.I.B.O), University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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3
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Sitarik AR, Havstad SL, Johnson CC, Jones K, Levin AM, Lynch SV, Ownby DR, Rundle AG, Straughen JK, Wegienka G, Woodcroft KJ, Yong GJM, Cassidy-Bushrow AE. Association between cesarean delivery types and obesity in preadolescence. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:2023-2034. [PMID: 32873910 PMCID: PMC7530127 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-00663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The association between mode of delivery and childhood obesity remains inconclusive. Because few studies have separated C-section types (planned or unplanned C-section), our objective was to assess how these subtypes relate to pre-adolescent obesity. Subjects/Methods: The study consisted of 570 maternal-child pairs drawn from the WHEALS birth cohort based in Detroit, Michigan. Children were followed-up at 10 years of age where a variety of anthropometric measurements were collected. Obesity was defined based on BMI percentile (≥95th percentile), as well as through gaussian finite mixture modeling on the anthropometric measurements. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for obesity comparing planned and unplanned C-sections to vaginal deliveries were computed, which utilized inverse probability weights to account for loss to follow-up and multiple imputation for covariate missingness. Mediation models were fit to examine the mediation role of breastfeeding. Results: After adjusting for marital status, maternal race, prenatal tobacco smoke exposure, maternal age, maternal BMI, any hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, gestational diabetes, prenatal antibiotic use, child sex, parity, and birthweight z-score, children born via planned C-section had 1.77 times higher risk of obesity (≥95th percentile), relative to those delivered vaginally ((95% CI)=(1.16,2.72); p=0.009). No association was found comparing unplanned C-section to vaginal delivery (RR (95% CI)=0.75 (0.45, 1.23); p=0.25). Results were similar but slightly stronger when obesity was defined by anthropometric class (RR (95% CI)=2.78 (1.47, 5.26); p=0.002). Breastfeeding did not mediate the association between mode of delivery and obesity. Conclusions: These findings indicate that children delivered via planned C-section—but not unplanned C-section—have a higher risk of pre-adolescent obesity, suggesting that partial labor or membrane rupture (typically experienced during unplanned C-section delivery) may offer protection. Additional research is needed to understand the biological mechanisms behind this effect, including whether microbiological differences fully or partially account for the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Sitarik
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Suzanne L Havstad
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christine C Johnson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kyra Jones
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Albert M Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Susan V Lynch
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dennis R Ownby
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer K Straughen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ganesa Wegienka
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Germaine J M Yong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Nikooyeh B, Hollis BW, Neyestani TR. Modulating effect of vitamin D status on serum anti-adenovirus 36 antibody amount in children with obesity: National Food and Nutrition Surveillance. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:316. [PMID: 32593301 PMCID: PMC7320580 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association of ADV-36 infection and obesity has been reported in children. The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that the association between ADV-36 infection and adiposity may be mediated by sub-optimal vitamin D status of the host. Methods Ninety one apparently healthy children in different weight categories (normal weight: 33, overweight: 33, obesity: 25) aged 5–18 years were randomly selected from the registered population at National Food and Nutrition Surveillance Program (NFNS). The groups were matched based on age and sex. Anthropometric, biochemical and serological assessments were performed. Results The amount of anti-ADV36-Ab increased whereas circulating concentrations of 25(OH) D decreased across BMI categories with higher amounts in children with normal weight than in children with overweight and obesity (31.0 ± 16.4, 22.5 ± 10.5 and 21.9 ± 9.8 nmol/L, respectively, p = 0.004). Logistic regression analysis revealed that for each unit increment of anti-ADV36-Ab, the chance of increase in weight was 8.5 times (OR: 8.5, p = 0.029). Interestingly, when 25(OH) D was introduced into the model, anti-ADV36-Ab was no longer the predictor of weight increment and the chance of increase in weight reduced 5% for each unit increase in 25(OH) D concentration (OR: 0.95, p = 0.012). Conclusion It is suggested that ADV36-induced lipogenesis may be mediated by vitamin D deficiency in children with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Nikooyeh
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bruce W Hollis
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Tirang R Neyestani
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Picarelli A, Borghini R, Marino M, Casale R, Di Tola M, Lubrano C, Piermattei A, Gualdi G, Bella A, Donato G, Masselli G. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue as markers of local and systemic inflammation: a comparison between celiac and obese patients using MRI. Tech Coloproctol 2020; 24:553-562. [PMID: 32112244 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-020-02173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic inflammatory disease, which primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. It has been recently demonstrated that adipose-tissue infiltration by proinflammatory immune cells causes a chronic low-grade inflammation in obese patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has already proved to be useful in evaluation of inflammatory states. The aim of the present study was to determine whether alterations of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, identified with MRI, could serve as markers of local and systemic inflammation in patients with CD. METHODS A pilot study was conducted comparing alterations in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in CD patients vs obese patients and healthy controls. Fifty patients were enrolled and assigned to one of the following groups: Group A: 11 active CD patients; Group B: 11 CD patients in remission; Group C: 16 obese patients; Group D: 12 healthy controls. A 3-T MRI unit was used and T2-weighted TSE images of VAT and SAT were obtained in specific regions of interest. Serum cytokine concentrations (TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin, leptin, IL-2, IFN-γ) were determined. RESULTS There was a significant difference in VAT T2 relaxation time between Group A and B (p < 0.001), A and D (p < 0.01), B and C (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in SAT T2 relaxation time between Group A and B (p < 0.001), A and C (p < 0.05), A and D (p < 0.001), B and C (p < 0.01). In addition, VAT/SAT T2 relaxation time ratio showed a statistically significant difference between Group A and C (p < 0.05) and between Group B and C (p < 0.01). Only TNF-α and IL-6 significantly correlated with both VAT and VAT/SAT ratio in active CD. CONCLUSIONS MRI showed similar increased visceral inflammatory signals in patients with active CD and obese patients. However, subcutaneous inflammatory signals were higher in active CD than in all the other groups. These data show that there is a systemic inflammatory state in active CD, whereas chronic inflammation appears confined to VAT in obesity. These data were only partially confirmed by serological cytokine profiles, which showed less specificity than MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Picarelli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - R Borghini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Marino
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - R Casale
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Di Tola
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - C Lubrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Piermattei
- Department of Surgical Sciences, "F. Durante" Section, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Gualdi
- Department of Radiology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bella
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - G Donato
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Masselli
- Department of Radiology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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6
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Lee HJ, Kim SH, Jin MH, Lee JS. Variability in sociodemographic factors and obesity in Korean children: a cross-sectional analysis of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey data (2007-2015). Ann Epidemiol 2020; 43:51-57. [PMID: 32081536 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sociodemographic factors are well-known risk factors for childhood obesity, even though the relationship between sociodemographic factors and obesity varies among countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and obesity in Korean children. METHODS This study is an analysis of cross-sectional data from the 2007-2009, 2010-2012, and 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The sample included 14,482 children aged between 2 and 18 years (7652 boys and 6830 girls) and their parents. Sociodemographic factors were measured as a combination of demographic, economic, and sociological factors, including sex, age, residential area, family income, parent education level, and parent employment status. RESULTS In 2013-2015, obesity among Korean children was associated with current maternal smoking (P < .001). Obesity categorized according to age group was positively associated with paternal education level/high school graduation (P = .026 for ages 7-12 years), maternal smoking (P = .003 for ages 7-12 years), maternal body mass index (all age groups), paternal body mass index (all age groups), and low monthly family income (P = .017 for ages 2-6 years). CONCLUSIONS Current maternal smoking habits, paternal education, and low family income are potential risk factors for obesity in Korean children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Ju Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea.
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7
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Rhyu HS, Park KS. Effects of Telephone Follow-Up Intervention on %Body Fat, Inflammatory Cytokines, and Oxidative Stress in Obese Hispanic Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162854. [PMID: 31405086 PMCID: PMC6719102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether 10 month telephone follow-up intervention effectively stabilizes reductions in %body fat, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress obtained from summer camp in obese Hispanic children. Fifty-six obese children (19 SUTI: summer camp and 10 months of follow-up telephone intervention, 18 SU: summer camp intervention only, and 19 CON: no intervention) completed this study. Anthropometric data and blood samples were obtained before (PRE), after 8 weeks of summer camp, and a 10month follow-up telephone intervention to measure markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Eight weeks of summer camp significantly reduced %body fat, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. It also elevated levels of adiponectin and total antioxidant status in SUTI and SU (p < 0.05). However, results of the 10month follow-up measurement were reverted back to PRE in SU, whereas the results for SUTI remained different to PRE (p < 0.05). Results confirm that levels of inflammation and oxidative stress are correlated to changes in %body fat, indicating that fat loss is effective in preventing and managing obesity-associated disorders. It is suggested that a telephone intervention is an effective follow-up tool for stabilizing reductions in %body fat as well as levels of inflammation and oxidative stress that were obtained from an intensive summer camp program in obese Hispanic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Seung Rhyu
- Major of Sports Coaching, Department of Physical Education, Jungwon University, Chungbuck 28024, Korea
| | - Kyung-Shin Park
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX 78041, USA.
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8
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Obesity and Associated Comorbidities in People and Companion Animals: A One Health Perspective. J Comp Pathol 2017; 156:296-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Pinto BAS, Melo TM, Flister KFT, França LM, Kajihara D, Tanaka LY, Laurindo FRM, Paes AMDA. Early and sustained exposure to high-sucrose diet triggers hippocampal ER stress in young rats. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:917-27. [PMID: 27154727 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Early-life environmental insults have been shown to promote long-term development of chronic non-communicable diseases, including metabolic disturbances and mental illnesses. As such, premature consumption of high-sugar foods has been associated to early onset of detrimental outcomes, whereas underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether early and sustained exposure to high-sucrose diet promotes metabolic disturbances that ultimately might anticipate neurological injuries. At postnatal day 21, weaned male rats started to be fed a standard chow (10 % sucrose, CTR) or a high-sucrose diet (25 % sucrose, HSD) for 9 weeks prior to euthanasia at postnatal day 90. HSD did not alter weight gain and feed efficiency between groups, but increased visceral, non-visceral and brown adipose tissue accumulation. HSD rats demonstrated elevated blood glucose levels in both fasting and fed states, which were associated to impaired glucose tolerance. Peripheral insulin sensitivity did not change, whereas hepatic insulin resistance was supported by increased serum triglyceride levels, as well as higher TyG index values. Assessment of hippocampal gene expression showed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways were activated in HSD rats, as compared to CTR. HSD rats had overexpression of unfolded protein response sensors, PERK and ATF6; ER chaperone, PDIA2 and apoptosis-related genes, CHOP and Caspase 3; but decreased expression of chaperone GRP78. Finally, HSD rats demonstrated impaired neuromuscular function and anxious behavior, but preserved cognitive parameters. In conclusion, our data indicate that early exposure to HSD promote metabolic disturbances, which disrupt hippocampus homeostasis and might precociously affect its neurobehavioral functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Araújo Serra Pinto
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Thamys Marinho Melo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Karla Frida Torres Flister
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Lucas Martins França
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Daniela Kajihara
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute of the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Yuji Tanaka
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Heart Institute of the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
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Peyer K, Welk GJ, Bailey-Davis L, Chen S. Relationships between County Health Rankings and child overweight and obesity prevalence: a serial cross-sectional analysis. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:404. [PMID: 27180170 PMCID: PMC4894376 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3091-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The County Health Rankings (CHR) system provides health rankings for U.S. counties. These factors may have utility for evaluating and predicting health outcomes. This study examined the association between CHR factors and the prevalence of child overweight/obesity (OWOB) in the state of Pennsylvania over 3 years. Methods The prevalence of childhood OWOB was obtained for all Pennsylvania school districts for the 2009-10 through 2011-12 school years. Correlational and inferential statistical analyses were used to examine the associations between the prevalence of OWOB in grades K-6 (OWOB1) and 7-12 (OWOB2) and z-score for the overall CHR Health Factors rank, as well as for individual predictive factors (Health Behaviors, Clinical Care, Social and Economic Factors and Physical Environment). Results Low to moderate correlations (0.29–0.43) were found between OWOB1 and CHR factors. Weaker and less consistent correlations were found for adolescents. There was a significantly higher prevalence of OWOB in counties with poorer CHR scores. Conclusions County-level adult indicators of health are significantly associated with levels of child obesity. Future studies should examine the relationship between CHR and other health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karissa Peyer
- Iowa State University, 283 Forker Building, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Greg J Welk
- Iowa State University, 283 Forker Building, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Lisa Bailey-Davis
- Geisinger Health System, 100 N. Academy Ave., MC 44-00, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
| | - Senlin Chen
- Iowa State University, 283 Forker Building, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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11
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Tabesh H, Hosseiny SM, Kompani F, Saki A, Firoozabadi MS, Chenary R, Mehrabian Fard M. Prevalence and trend of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran. Glob J Health Sci 2013; 6:35-41. [PMID: 24576363 PMCID: PMC4825244 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n2p35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is an important risk factor for some chronic diseases. Since the effect of obesity is long-standing, monitoring childhood obesity should be the first step in the health policy for interventions regarding early prevention of chronic diseases. In this study we aim to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in the city of Ahvaz. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was designed. A sample of 5811 children, 2904 (49.97%) boys and 2907 (50.03%) girls, was selected and their heights and weights were measured in 2012-2013 academic year. Measurements of height and weight were made by using calibrated equipment and according to standardized protocol with the children having light clothes and without wearing shoes. The adjusted odds ratio of obesity and overweight for age and sex were calculated from multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS A total 685 (23.6%) of boys and 561 (19.3%) of girls were overweight. and 190(6.05%) of boys and 130 (4.5%) of girls were obese. The proportion of overweight and obese boys was significantly higher than that of girls (p<0.001). Logistic regression showed significant increase in the likelihood of being overweight with the increasing age OR=1.50, C.I.95%: (1.43, 1.57). CONCLUSION The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased markedly with age. This shows the importance of early prevention by doing interventions and training since the first year of primary school.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farshid Kompani
- Pediatric Nephrologist, Golestan Hospital,Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Ahvaz,Iran.
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