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Naskar S, Sriraman N, Sarkar A, Mahajan N, Sarkar K. Tumor antigen presentation and the associated signal transduction during carcinogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 261:155485. [PMID: 39088877 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Numerous developments have been achieved in the study and treatment of cancer throughout the decades that it has been common. After decades of research, about 100 different kinds of cancer have been found, each with unique subgroups within certain organs. This has significantly expanded our understanding of the illness. A mix of genetic, environmental, and behavioral variables contribute to the complicated and diverse process of cancer formation. Mutations, or changes in the DNA sequence, are crucial to the development of cancer. These mutations have the ability to downregulate the expression and function of Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC I) and MHCII receptors, as well as activate oncogenes and inactivate tumor suppressor genes. Cancer cells use this tactic to avoid being recognized by cytotoxic CD8+T lymphocytes, which causes issues with antigen presentation and processing. This review goes into great length into the PI3K pathway, changes to MHC I, and positive impacts of tsMHC-II on disease-free survival and overall survival and the involvement of dendritic cells (DCs) in different tumor microenvironments. The vital functions that the PI3K pathway and its link to the mTOR pathway are highlighted and difficulties in developing effective cancer targeted therapies and feedback systems has also been mentioned, where resistance mechanisms include RAS-mediated oncogenic changes and active PI3K signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohom Naskar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Nawaneetan Sriraman
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Ankita Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Nitika Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Koustav Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
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Țiburcă L, Zaha DC, Jurca MC, Severin E, Jurca A, Jurca AD. The Role of Aminopeptidase ERAP1 in Human Pathology-A Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1651-1667. [PMID: 38534723 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aminopeptidases are a group of enzymatic proteins crucial for protein digestion, catalyzing the cleavage of amino acids at the N-terminus of peptides. Among them are ERAP1 (coding for endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1), ERAP2 (coding for endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2), and LNPEP (coding for leucyl and cystinyl aminopeptidase). These genes encoding these enzymes are contiguous and located on the same chromosome (5q21); they share structural homology and functions and are associated with immune-mediated diseases. These aminopeptidases play a key role in immune pathology by cleaving peptides to optimal sizes for binding to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and contribute to cellular homeostasis. By their ability to remove the extracellular region of interleukin 2 and 6 receptors (IL2, IL6) and the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF), ERAP1 and ERAP2 are involved in regulating the innate immune response and, finally, in blood pressure control and angiogenesis. The combination of specific genetic variations in these genes has been linked to various conditions, including autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases and cancer, as well as hematological and dermatological disorders. This literature review aims to primarily explore the impact of ERAP1 polymorphisms on its enzymatic activity and function. Through a systematic examination of the available literature, this review seeks to provide valuable insights into the role of ERAP1 in the pathogenesis of various diseases and its potential implications for targeted therapeutic interventions. Through an exploration of the complex interplay between ERAP1 and various disease states, this review contributes to the synthesis of current biomedical research findings and their implications for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Țiburcă
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universității Street 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Dana Carmen Zaha
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universității Street 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Maria Claudia Jurca
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universității Street 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Regional Center of Medical Genetics Bihor, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bihor, 65-67, Gheorghe Doja Street, 410169 Oradea, Romania
| | - Emilia Severin
- Department of Genetics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu 37 Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurora Jurca
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universității Street 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Alexandru Daniel Jurca
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Universității Street 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
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Nowak I, Bochen P. The Antigen-Processing Pathway via Major Histocompatibility Complex I as a New Perspective in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometriosis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2024; 72:aite-2024-0008. [PMID: 38478380 DOI: 10.2478/aite-2024-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a debilitating gynecological disease defined as the presence of endometrium-like epithelium and/or stroma outside the uterine cavity. The most commonly affected sites are the pelvic peritoneum, ovaries, uterosacral ligaments, and the rectovaginal septum. The aberrant tissue responds to hormonal stimulation, undergoing cyclical growth and shedding similar to appropriately located endometrial tissue in the uterus. Common symptoms of endometriosis are painful periods and ovulation, severe pelvic cramping, heavy bleeding, pain during sex, urination and bowel pain, bleeding, and pain between periods. Numerous theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Sampson's theory of retrograde menstruation is considered to be the most accepted. This theory assumes that endometriosis occurs due to the retrograde flow of endometrial cells through the fallopian tubes during menstruation. However, it has been shown that this process takes place in 90% of women, while endometriosis is diagnosed in only 10% of them. This means that there must be a mechanism that blocks the immune system from removing endometrial cells and interferes with its function, leading to implantation of the ectopic endometrium and the formation of lesions. In this review, we consider the contribution of components of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-I-mediated antigen-processing pathway, such as the ERAP, TAP, LMP, LNPEP, and tapasin, to the susceptibility, onset, and severity of endometriosis. These elements can induce significant changes in MHC-I-bound peptidomes that may influence the response of immune cells to ectopic endometrial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Nowak
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue, Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Patrycja Bochen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue, Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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4
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Pande S, Guo HC. Structure-guided discovery of aminopeptidase ERAP1 variants capable of processing antigens with novel PC anchor specificities. Immunology 2024; 171:131-145. [PMID: 37858978 PMCID: PMC10841542 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) belongs to the oxytocinase subfamily of M1 aminopeptidases (M1APs), which are a diverse family of metalloenzymes involved in a wide range of functions and have been implicated in various chronic and infectious diseases of humans. ERAP1 trims antigenic precursors into correct sizes (8-10 residues long) for Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) presentation, by a unique molecular ruler mechanism in which it makes concurrent bindings to substrate N- and C-termini. We have previously determined four crystal structures of ERAP1 C-terminal regulatory domain (termed ERAP1_C domain) in complex with peptide carboxyl (PC)-ends that carry various anchor residues, and identified a specificity subsite for recognizing the PC anchor side chain, denoted as the SC subsite to follow the conventional notations: S1 site for P1, S2 site for P2, and so forth. In this study, we report studies on structure-guided mutational and hydrolysis kinetics, and peptide trimming assays to further examine the functional roles of this SC subsite. Most strikingly, a point mutation V737R results in a change of substrate preference from a hydrophobic to a negatively charged PC anchor residue; the latter is presumed to be a poor substrate for WT ERAP1. These studies validate the crystallographic observations that this SC subsite is directly involved in binding and recognition of the substrate PC anchor and presents a potential target to modulate MHC-restricted immunopeptidomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchita Pande
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
- Present Address: Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Hwai-Chen Guo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University Avenue, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Saad MA, Abdul-Sattar AB, Abdelal IT, Baraka A. Shedding Light on the Role of ERAP1 in Axial Spondyloarthritis. Cureus 2023; 15:e48806. [PMID: 38024089 PMCID: PMC10645460 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease affecting the axial skeleton (axSpA) and/or peripheral joints (p-SpA) and entheses. The disease's pathogenesis depends on genetic, immunological, mechanical, and environmental factors. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a multifunctional enzyme that shapes the peptide repertoire presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ERAP1 that are associated with several autoimmune diseases, including axSpA. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the ERAP1 role in axSpA could make it a potential therapeutic target for this disease and offer greater insight into its impact on the immune system. Here, we review the biological functions and structure of ERAP1, discuss ERAP1 polymorphisms and their association with axSpA, highlight the interaction between ERAP1 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, and review the association between ERAP1 SNPs and axSpA clinical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Saad
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) Hospital, Kuwait, KWT
| | - Amal B Abdul-Sattar
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
| | - Ibrahim T Abdelal
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
| | - Ahmed Baraka
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EGY
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6
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Limanaqi F, Vicentini C, Saulle I, Clerici M, Biasin M. The role of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Life Sci 2023; 323:121701. [PMID: 37059356 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Type-I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is generally considered as a chronic, T-cell mediated autoimmune disease. This notwithstanding, both the endogenous characteristics of β-cells, and their response to environmental factors and exogenous inflammatory stimuli are key events in disease progression and exacerbation. As such, T1DM is now recognized as a multifactorial condition, with its onset being influenced by both genetic predisposition and environmental factors, among which, viral infections represent major triggers. In this frame, endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and 2 (ERAP2) hold center stage. ERAPs represent the main hydrolytic enzymes specialized in trimming of N-terminal antigen peptides to be bound by MHC class I molecules and presented to CD8+ T cells. Thus, abnormalities in ERAPs expression alter the peptide-MHC-I repertoire both quantitatively and qualitatively, fostering both autoimmune and infectious diseases. Although only a few studies succeeded in determining direct associations between ERAPs variants and T1DM susceptibility/outbreak, alterations of ERAPs do impinge on a plethora of biological events which might indeed contribute to the disease development/exacerbation. Beyond abnormal self-antigen peptide trimming, these include preproinsulin processing, nitric oxide (NO) production, ER stress, cytokine responsiveness, and immune cell recruitment/activity. The present review brings together direct and indirect evidence focused on the immunobiological role of ERAPs in T1DM onset and progression, covering both genetic and environmental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vicentini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Irma Saulle
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 20122 Milan, Italy; Don C. Gnocchi Foundation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Foundation, Via A. Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy.
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Ryu HM, Islam SMS, Sayeed HM, Babita R, Seong JK, Lee H, Sohn S. Characterization of immune responses associated with ERAP-1 expression in HSV-induced Behçet's disease mouse model. Clin Immunol 2023; 250:109305. [PMID: 37003592 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disorder. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) polymorphism has been reported as a risk factor for BD. However, the immunological role of ERAP1 in BD remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the immunological role of ERAP1 in BD using a mouse model. ERAP1 incomplete expressing mice (ERAP1 hetero, +/-) were generated and inoculated with herpes simplex virus 1 to produce a BD mouse model. In these mice, dendritic cell activation markers and other immune response-related markers were analyzed. Among them, the factor showing a significant difference between ERAP+/- BD mice and WT BD mice was IL-17. In ERAP+/-, BD had significantly different expression levels of CD80, CD11b, Ly6G, RORγt, IFNγ, and IL-17 compared to asymptomatic controls. This study demonstrates ERAP1 defective expressions play an important role in BD development through inappropriate regulation of Th17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Myung Ryu
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Shamsul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hasan M Sayeed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahar Babita
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 Plus Program for Advanced Veterinary Science and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Interdiscplinary Program for Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyang Sohn
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Babaie F, Mohammadi H, Salimi S, Ghanavatinegad A, Abbasifard M, Yousefi M, Hajaliloo M, Khalili Y, Zamanlou S, Safari R, Hemmatzadeh M, Rezaiemanesh A, Salimi R, Baradaran B, Babaloo Z. Inhibition of ERAP1 represses HLA-B27 free heavy chains expression on polarized macrophages and interrupts NK cells activation and function from ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Immunol 2023; 248:109268. [PMID: 36804470 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to assess if Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) polymorphisms might impress Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27-free heavy chains (FHCs) expression on macrophages and eventually NK cell activation in Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 10 HLAB27+ patients with protective and 10 HLAB27+ patients with non-protective genotype. Monocytes were isolated and polarized toward M1 and M2 macrophages. ERAP1 was inhibited in macrophages, which were then co-cultured with autologous NK cells. RESULTS Expression of HLA-B27-FHCs on M1 and M2 macrophages was reduced in patients with protective ERAP1 genotype. Co-culturing ERAP1-inhibited M1 macrophages and NK cells from patients with protective genotype resulted in downmodulation of CD69 and CD107a markers on NK cells and reduced number of IFN-γ+ NK cells compared to that of patients with non-protective genotypes. CONCLUSION Inhibition of ERAP1 activity, by diminishing NK activation, may have therapeutic value in treating AS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Genetic and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sorayya Salimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghanavatinegad
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Hajaliloo
- Connective Tissue Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran
| | - Younes Khalili
- Iranian Social Security Organization, Emam Reza Hospital, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sajjad Zamanlou
- Iranian Social Security Organization, Emam Reza Hospital, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roghaiyeh Safari
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Salimi
- Research and Development (R&D) Department, RS, &RS Scientific, Belgium
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Connective Tissue Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran.
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A Comparative Review of Pregnancy and Cancer and Their Association with Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 and 2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043454. [PMID: 36834865 PMCID: PMC9965492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The fundamental basis of pregnancy and cancer is to determine the fate of the survival or the death of humanity. However, the development of fetuses and tumors share many similarities and differences, making them two sides of the same coin. This review presents an overview of the similarities and differences between pregnancy and cancer. In addition, we will also discuss the critical roles that Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and 2 may play in the immune system, cell migration, and angiogenesis, all of which are essential for fetal and tumor development. Even though the comprehensive understanding of ERAP2 lags that of ERAP1 due to the lack of an animal model, recent studies have shown that both enzymes are associated with an increased risk of several diseases, including pregnancy disorder pre-eclampsia (PE), recurrent miscarriages, and cancer. The exact mechanisms in both pregnancy and cancer need to be elucidated. Therefore, a deeper understanding of ERAP's role in diseases can make it a potential therapeutic target for pregnancy complications and cancer and offer greater insight into its impact on the immune system.
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Zhu Y, Yang H, Han L, Mervin LH, Hosseini-Gerami L, Li P, Wright P, Trapotsi MA, Liu K, Fan TP, Bender A. In silico prediction and biological assessment of novel angiogenesis modulators from traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1116081. [PMID: 36817116 PMCID: PMC9937659 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled angiogenesis is a common denominator underlying many deadly and debilitating diseases such as myocardial infarction, chronic wounds, cancer, and age-related macular degeneration. As the current range of FDA-approved angiogenesis-based medicines are far from meeting clinical demands, the vast reserve of natural products from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers an alternative source for developing pro-angiogenic or anti-angiogenic modulators. Here, we investigated 100 traditional Chinese medicine-derived individual metabolites which had reported gene expression in MCF7 cell lines in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE85871). We extracted literature angiogenic activities for 51 individual metabolites, and subsequently analysed their predicted targets and differentially expressed genes to understand their mechanisms of action. The angiogenesis phenotype was used to generate decision trees for rationalising the poly-pharmacology of known angiogenesis modulators such as ferulic acid and curculigoside and validated by an in vitro endothelial tube formation assay and a zebrafish model of angiogenesis. Moreover, using an in silico model we prospectively examined the angiogenesis-modulating activities of the remaining 49 individual metabolites. In vitro, tetrahydropalmatine and 1 beta-hydroxyalantolactone stimulated, while cinobufotalin and isoalantolactone inhibited endothelial tube formation. In vivo, ginsenosides Rb3 and Rc, 1 beta-hydroxyalantolactone and surprisingly cinobufotalin, restored angiogenesis against PTK787-induced impairment in zebrafish. In the absence of PTK787, deoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid did not affect angiogenesis. Despite some limitations, these results suggest further refinements of in silico prediction combined with biological assessment will be a valuable platform for accelerating the research and development of natural products from traditional Chinese medicine and understanding their mechanisms of action, and also for other traditional medicines for the prevention and treatment of angiogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Zhu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Science Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hongbin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Science Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Liwen Han
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lewis H. Mervin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Science Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Layla Hosseini-Gerami
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Science Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peihai Li
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Peter Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Science Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maria-Anna Trapotsi
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Science Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kechun Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Tai-Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Tai-Ping Fan, ; Andreas Bender,
| | - Andreas Bender
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Science Informatics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Tai-Ping Fan, ; Andreas Bender,
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ERAP/HLA-C and KIR Genetic Profile in Couples with Recurrent Implantation Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012518. [PMID: 36293373 PMCID: PMC9603896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper embryo implantation depends on the tolerance of the maternal immune system to the fetus and its foreign paternal antigens. During implantation and early pregnancy, the dominant leukocytes in the uterus are uterine NK cells, expressing killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). KIRs recognize human leukocyte antigens (HLA-C) on the human trophoblast inherited from the father and mother. The antigenic peptides presented by the HLA are formed via their cleavage by endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases ERAP1 and ERAP2. The aim of this study was to assess the association of combined KIR genes and their HLA-C ligands, as well as ERAP1 and ERAP2 polymorphisms with recurrent implantation failure after in vitro fertilization (RIF). We tested 491 couples who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) and 322 fertile couples. Genotype CC rs27044 ERAP1 in female with a male’s HLA-C1C1 or HLA-C1C2 protected from RIF (p/pcorr. = 0.005/0.044, OR = 0.343; p/pcorr. = 0.003/0.027, OR = 0.442, respectively). Genotype TT rs30187 ERAP1 in female with a male’s HLA-C1C2 genotype increased the risk of RIF. Summarizing, in the combination of female ERAP1 and an HLA-C partner, the rs30187 C>T and rs27044 C>G polymorphisms play an important role in implantation failure.
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12
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Martinez CA, Alvarez-Rodriguez M, Rodriguez-Martinez H. A decreased expression of interferon stimulated genes in peri-implantation endometrium of embryo transfer recipient sows could contribute to embryo death. Animal 2022; 16:100590. [PMID: 35843191 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pig pregnancy succeeds thanks to a well-coordinated system ruling both maternal immune activation and embryonic antigen tolerance. In physiological pregnancies, the maternal immune system should tolerate the presence of hemi-allogeneic conceptuses from the pre-implantation phase to term, while maintaining maternal defence against pathogens. Allogeneic pregnancies, as after embryo transfer (ET), depict high embryo mortality during the attachment phase, calling for studies of the dynamic modifications in immune processes occurring at the maternal-foetal interface, for instance, of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs). These ISGs are generally activated by IFN secreted by the conceptus during the process of maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) and responsible for recruiting immune cells to the site of embryo attachment, thus facilitating cell-antigen presentation and angiogenesis. We performed RNA-Seq analysis in peri-implantation (days 18 and 24) endometrial samples retrieved from artificially inseminated sows (hemi-allogeneic embryos (HAL) group) or sows subjected to ET (allogeneic embryos (AL) group) to monitor alterations of gene expression that could be jeopardising early pregnancy. Our results showed that endometrial gene expression patterns related to immune responses differed between hemi- or allogeneic embryo presence, with allogeneic embryos apparently inducing conspicuous modifications of immune-related genes and pathways. A decreased expression (P < 0.05; FC < -2) of several interferon ISGs, such as CXCL8, CXCL10, IRF1, IRF9, STAT1, and B2M, among others was detected in the endometrium of sows carrying allogeneic embryos on day 24 of pregnancy. This severe downregulation of ISGs in allogeneic pregnancies could represent a failure of ET-embryos to signal IFN to the endometrium to warrant the development of adequate immunotolerance mechanisms to facilitate embryo development, thus contributing to elevated embryo death.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - M Alvarez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - H Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185 Linköping, Sweden
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13
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Large-Scale Multi-Omics Studies Provide New Insights into Blood Pressure Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147557. [PMID: 35886906 PMCID: PMC9323755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies uncovered part of blood pressure’s heritability. However, there is still a vast gap between genetics and biology that needs to be bridged. Here, we followed up blood pressure genome-wide summary statistics of over 750,000 individuals, leveraging comprehensive epigenomic and transcriptomic data from blood with a follow-up in cardiovascular tissues to prioritise likely causal genes and underlying blood pressure mechanisms. We first prioritised genes based on coding consequences, multilayer molecular associations, blood pressure-associated expression levels, and coregulation evidence. Next, we followed up the prioritised genes in multilayer studies of genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics, functional enrichment, and their potential suitability as drug targets. Our analyses yielded 1880 likely causal genes for blood pressure, tens of which are targets of the available licensed drugs. We identified 34 novel genes for blood pressure, supported by more than one source of biological evidence. Twenty-eight (82%) of these new genes were successfully replicated by transcriptome-wide association analyses in a large independent cohort (n = ~220,000). We also found a substantial mediating role for epigenetic regulation of the prioritised genes. Our results provide new insights into genetic regulation of blood pressure in terms of likely causal genes and involved biological pathways offering opportunities for future translation into clinical practice.
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14
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Kuśnierczyk P. To Be or Not to Be: The Case of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:902567. [PMID: 35769458 PMCID: PMC9234130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To be, or not to be, that is the question. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet)
Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 1 and 2 (ERAP1 and ERAP2, respectively) play a role in trimming peptides that are too long to be bound and presented by class I HLA (HLA-I) molecules to CD8+ T cells. They may also affect the HLA-I-presented peptide repertoire by overtrimming potential epitopes. Both enzymes may also be released from the cell to cleave cytokine receptors and regulate blood pressure. Both enzymes are polymorphic, which affects their expression, specificity, and activity, resulting in their role in diseases associated with HLA-I. In this brief review, we concentrate on ERAP2, less investigated because of its lack in laboratory mice and 25% of humans, as well as a lower polymorphism. ERAP2 was found to be associated with several diseases and to influence ERAP1 effects. It was discovered recently that the defective ERAP2 gene, not encoding functional aminopeptidase, may nevertheless, during viral infections, produce a truncated protein isoform of unknown function, possibly interfering with ERAP1 and full-length ERAP2 by heterodimer formation. The disease associations of ERAP2, alone or in combination with ERAP1, are reviewed.
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15
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Wang J, Zhang L, Su Y, Qu Y, Cao Y, Qin W, Liu Y. A Novel Fluorescent Probe Strategy Activated by β-Glucuronidase for Assisting Surgical Resection of Liver Cancer. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7012-7020. [PMID: 35506678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is a primary malignant tumor with a very high fatality rate, which has seriously threatened human health and life. In normal hepatocellular lesions, β-glucuronidase (GLU) activity in liver cancer tissues is significantly increased. Therefore, GLU has become one of the important biomarkers of primary liver cancer. Here, a series of fluorescent probes (DCDH, DCDCH3, DCDOCH3, and DCDNO2) for early diagnosis of liver cancer and auxiliary surgical resection were successfully synthesized. Since the electron-withdrawing group -NO2 connected to the probe DCDNO2 accelerates the rapid cleavage of the glycosidic bond, DCDNO2 exhibits superior fluorescence properties that are more sensitive and rapid than the other three probes DCDH, DCDCH3, and DCDOCH3 when detecting GLU. DCDNO2 has been well-applied in real-time fluorescent visualization imaging for the detection of GLU activity in liver cancer cells and tumor tissues. In addition, DCDNO2 has also been successfully used in the early diagnosis of liver cancer and real-time imaging to guide the surgical resection of liver cancer tumors. Therefore, DCDNO2 has great potential for development in bioclinical medicine for the early detection and treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Su
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Qu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
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16
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Xu X, Zhao X, Chen L, Liu M, Hu Z, Ke J, Fu B, Zhou Y, Wei H. CD158a + /CD158b + NK cell imbalance correlates with hypertension in patients with pre-eclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 87:e13532. [PMID: 35253311 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication with hypertension and proteinuria, seriously threats the health and lives of the mother and the baby. The pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia remains incompletely understood. The role of peripheral natural killer cells (NK cells) in the pre-eclampsia is unclear. METHOD OF STUDY Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of CD158a (KIR2DL1) and CD158b (KIR2DL2/3) in peripheral NK cells of healthy pregnant women (HP) and patients with pre-eclampsia (PE). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CD158a+ and CD158b+ NK cells were identified by RNA-sequencing and real-time PCR. Protein array analysis was used to identify altered protein levels in the serum of study participants. RESULTS CD158a+ NK cell numbers were increased in the peripheral blood of patients while the number of CD158b+ NK cells was reduced. In addition, the percentage of CD158a+ NK cells within the peripheral NK subset was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure while the percentage of CD158b+ NK cells was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure. RNA-seq and real-time PCR showed that the expression of ERAP2 and GCH1, the genes that regulate blood pressure and angiogenesis, was decreased in CD158a+ compared to CD158b+ NK cells. Consistently, the level of proteins involved in angiogenesis was altered in the serum of pre-eclampsia patients compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS CD158a+ NK cells increased while CD158b+ NK cells decreased in the peripheral blood of patients with pre-eclampsia compared to healthy individuals. The change in the frequency of CD158a+ /CD158b+ NK cells is related to the increase in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Xu
- Institute of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xirui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Muziying Liu
- Anhui Institute of Pediatric Research, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Ziming Hu
- Institute of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Jieqi Ke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Binqing Fu
- Institute of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- Institute of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Institute of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
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17
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Niu Y, Jiang H, Yin H, Wang F, Hu R, Hu X, Peng B, Shu Y, Li Z, Chen S, Guo F. Hepatokine ERAP1 Disturbs Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity Via Inhibiting USP33-Mediated ADRB2 Deubiquitination. Diabetes 2022; 71:921-933. [PMID: 35192681 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in liver induces insulin resistance systemically and in other tissues, including the skeletal muscle (SM); however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. RNA sequencing of primary hepatocytes from wild-type mice fed long-term high-fat diet (HFD), which have severe chronic inflammation and insulin resistance revealed that the expression of hepatokine endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) was upregulated by a HFD. Increased ERAP1 levels were also observed in interferon-γ-treated primary hepatocytes. Furthermore, hepatic ERAP1 overexpression attenuated systemic and SM insulin sensitivity, whereas hepatic ERAP1 knockdown had the opposite effects, with corresponding changes in serum ERAP1 levels. Mechanistically, ERAP1 functions as an antagonist-like factor, which interacts with β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) and reduces its expression by decreasing ubiquitin-specific peptidase 33-mediated deubiquitination and thereby interrupts ADRB2-stimulated insulin signaling in the SM. The findings of this study indicate ERAP1 is an inflammation-induced hepatokine that impairs SM insulin sensitivity. Its inhibition may provide a therapeutic strategy for insulin resistance-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguo Niu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haizhou Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanrui Yin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yousheng Shu
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanghai Chen
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifan Guo
- Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Innovation Center for Intervention of Chronic Disease and Promotion of Health, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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18
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Yousefi Z, Aria H, Ghaedrahmati F, Bakhtiari T, Azizi M, Bastan R, Hosseini R, Eskandari N. An Update on Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines: History, Types, Protection, and Efficacy. Front Immunol 2022; 12:805695. [PMID: 35154080 PMCID: PMC8828558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.805695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted agent worldwide. Early prevention with HPV vaccination is a safe and effective method against this disease. HPV vaccines provided more protection against several oncogenic HPV strains. Three prophylactic HPV vaccines have been approved to target high-risk HPV types and protect against HPV-related disorders. These existing vaccines are based on the recombinant DNA technology and purified L1 protein that is assembled to form HPV empty shells. The prophylactic vaccines are highly immunogenic and can induce production of specific neutralizing antibodies. However, therapeutic vaccines are different from these prophylactic vaccines. They induced cell-mediated immunity against transformed cells, instead of neutralizing antibodies. The second generation of prophylactic HPV vaccines, made from alternative viral components using cost-effective production strategies, is undergoing clinical evaluation. The purpose of this review is to provide a complete and up-to-date review of the types of HPV vaccines and the efficiency of each of them for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Yousefi
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hamid Aria
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Bakhtiari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Bastan
- Department of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Karaj University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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19
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Guan W, Nakata K, Sagara A, Iwamoto C, Endo S, Matsuda R, Matsumoto S, Ikenaga N, Shindo K, Moriyama T, Onishi H, Ohuchida K, Oda Y, Nakamura M. ERAP2 is a novel target involved in autophagy and activation of pancreatic stellate cells via UPR signaling pathway. Pancreatology 2022; 22:9-19. [PMID: 34642112 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by excessive desmoplasia and autophagy-dependent tumorigenic growth. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) as a predominant stromal cell type play a critical role in PDAC biology. We have previously reported that autophagy facilitates PSC activation, however, the mechanism remains unknown. We investigated the mechanism of autophagy in PSC activation. METHODS We compared gene expression profiles between patient-derived PSCs from pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis using a microarray. The stromal expression of target gene in specimen of PDAC patients (n = 63) was analyzed. The effect of target gene on autophagy and activation of PSCs was investigated by small interfering RNAs transfection, and the relationship between autophagy and ER stress was investigated. We analyzed the growth and fibrosis of xenografted tumor by orthotopic models. RESULTS In analysis of gene expression microarray, endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) upregulated in cancer-associated PSCs was identified as the target gene. High stromal ERAP2 expression is associated with a poor prognosis of PDAC patients. Knockdown of ERAP2 inhibited unfolded protein response mediated autophagy, and led to inactivation of PSCs, thereby attenuating tumor-stromal interactions by inhibiting production of IL-6 and fibronectin. In vivo, the promoting effect of PSCs on xenografted tumor growth and fibrosis was inhibited by ERAP2 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of PSCs activation regulated by autophagy. ERAP2 as a promising therapeutic target may provide a novel strategy for the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Guan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Akiko Sagara
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chika Iwamoto
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sho Endo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuda
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sokichi Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Ikenaga
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Shindo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taiki Moriyama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideya Onishi
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenoki Ohuchida
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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20
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Piekarska K, Radwan P, Tarnowska A, Wiśniewski A, Radwan M, Wilczyński JR, Malinowski A, Nowak I. ERAP, KIR, and HLA-C Profile in Recurrent Implantation Failure. Front Immunol 2021; 12:755624. [PMID: 34745129 PMCID: PMC8569704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.755624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The mother's uterine immune system is dominated by uterine natural killer (NK) cells during the first trimester of pregnancy. These cells express killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) of inhibitory or activating function. Invading extravillous trophoblast cells express HLA-C molecules, and both maternal and paternal HLA-C allotypes are presented to KIRs. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and 2 (ERAP2) shape the HLA class I immunopeptidome. The ERAPs remove N-terminal residues from antigenic precursor peptides and generate optimal-length peptides to fit into the HLA class I groove. The inability to form the correct HLA class I complexes with the appropriate peptides may result in a lack of immune response by NK cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ERAP1 and ERAP2 polymorphisms in the context of KIR and HLA-C genes in recurrent implantation failure (RIF). In addition, for the first time, we showed the results of ERAP1 and ERAP2 secretion into the peripheral blood of patients and fertile women. We tested a total of 881 women. Four hundred ninety-six females were patients who, together with their partners, participated in in vitro fertilization (IVF). A group of 385 fertile women constituted the control group. Women positive for KIR genes in the Tel AA region and HLA-C2C2 were more prevalent in the RIF group than in fertile women (p/pcorr. = 0.004/0.012, OR = 2.321). Of the ERAP polymorphisms studied, two of them (rs26653 and rs26618) appear to affect RIF susceptibility in HLA-C2-positive patients. Moreover, fertile women who gave birth in the past secreted significantly more ERAP1 than IVF women and control pregnant women (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0005, respectively). In the case of ERAP2, the opposite result was observed; i.e., fertile women secreted far less ERAP2 than IVF patients (p = 0.0098). Patients who became pregnant after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) released far less ERAP2 than patients who miscarried (p = 0.0032). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses indicate a value of about 2.9 ng/ml of ERAP2 as a point of differentiation between patients who miscarried and those who gave birth to a healthy child. Our study indicates that both ERAP1 and ERAP2 may be involved in processes related to reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Piekarska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Radwan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Gameta Hospital, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tarnowska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wiśniewski
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Radwan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Gameta Hospital, Rzgów, Poland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Mazovian State University in Płock, Płock, Poland
| | - Jacek R. Wilczyński
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrzej Malinowski
- Department of Surgical, Endoscopic and Oncologic Gynecology, Polish Mothers’ Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, Łódź, Poland
- Medical Centre Gynemed, Łódź, Poland
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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21
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Biology and pathology of the uterine microenvironment and its natural killer cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2101-2113. [PMID: 34426671 PMCID: PMC8429689 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00739-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissues are the new frontier of discoveries in immunology. Cells of the immune system are an integral part of tissue physiology and immunity. Determining how immune cells inhabit, housekeep, and defend gut, lung, brain, liver, uterus, and other organs helps revealing the intimate details of tissue physiology and may offer new therapeutic targets to treat pathologies. The uterine microenvironment modulates the development and function of innate lymphoid cells [ILC, largely represented by natural killer (NK) cells], macrophages, T cells, and dendritic cells. These immune cells, in turn, contribute to tissue homeostasis. Regulated by ovarian hormones, the human uterine mucosa (endometrium) undergoes ~400 monthly cycles of breakdown and regeneration from menarche to menopause, with its fibroblasts, glands, blood vessels, and immune cells remodeling the tissue into the transient decidua. Even more transformative changes occur upon blastocyst implantation. Before the placenta is formed, the endometrial glands feed the embryo by histiotrophic nutrition while the uterine spiral arteries are stripped of their endothelial layer and smooth muscle actin. This arterial remodeling is carried out by invading fetal trophoblast and maternal immune cells, chiefly uterine NK (uNK) cells, which also assist fetal growth. The transformed arteries no longer respond to maternal stimuli and meet the increasing demands of the growing fetus. This review focuses on how the everchanging uterine microenvironment affects uNK cells and how uNK cells regulate homeostasis of the decidua, placenta development, and fetal growth. Determining these pathways will help understand the causes of major pregnancy complications.
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Qiao L, Shao X, Gao S, Ming Z, Fu X, Wei Q. Research on endoplasmic reticulum-targeting fluorescent probes and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated nanoanticancer strategies: A review. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112046. [PMID: 34419809 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Subcellular localization of organelles can achieve accurate drug delivery and maximize drug efficacy. As the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays an important role in protein synthesis, folding, and posttranslational modification; lipid biosynthesis; and calcium homeostasis. Observing the changes in various metal ions, active substances, and the microenvironment in the ER is crucial for diagnosing and treating many diseases, including cancer. Excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) can have a killing effect on malignant cells and can mediate cell apoptosis, proper modulation of ERS can provide new perspectives for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer. Therefore, the ER is used as a new anticancer target in cancer treatment. This review discusses ER-targeting fluorescent probes and ERS-mediated nanoanticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiao
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Xinxin Shao
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Network Pharmacology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Shijie Gao
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Zheng Ming
- International Office, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, PR China
| | - Xianjun Fu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Network Pharmacology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
| | - Qingcong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, PR China.
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Yang Y, Zhang L, Li J, Wang J, Cao T, Zheng L, Cao Y, Qin W, Liu Y. In vivo imaging via a red-emitting fluorescent probe to diagnosing liver cancer or drug-induced liver disease. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1168:338621. [PMID: 34051991 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) as an important proteolytic enzyme, has been mainly found in hepatobiliary cells, and overexpressed in hepatoma cells. Herein, a new highly selective red-emitting fluorescent probe (DCDHF-Ala) for LAP has been synthesized based on 2-dicyanomethyldiene-3-cyano-2, 5-dihydrofuran (DCDHF) as fluorophore, and alanine (Ala) as the detection group. More importantly, it's the first time to use Ala as a reactive group for LAP. DCDHF-Ala has a low detection limit (0.20 U/L), excellent water solubility and cell membrane permeability. In addition, the probe has been successfully applied to fluorescent imaging in cells and zebrafish. It's especially worth mentioning that, DCDHF-Ala has a high biosafety and enables a real-time detection of LAP levels in mice model. What's the most important is that DCDHF-Ala may be an effective tool to qualitatively monitor the upregulation of LAP induced by liver injury and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China
| | - Jiajun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, PR China
| | - Jiemin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yuping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Wenwu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China.
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Genetic association of ERAP1 and ERAP2 with eclampsia and preeclampsia in northeastern Brazilian women. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6764. [PMID: 33762660 PMCID: PMC7990956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical spectrum of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) is determined by the interplay between environmental and genetic factors, most of which remains unknown. ERAP1, ERAP2 and LNPEP genes code for multifunctional aminopeptidases involved with antigen processing and degradation of small peptides such as angiotensin II (Ang II), vasopressin and oxytocin. We aimed to test for associations between genetic variants in aminopeptidases and HDP. A total of 1282 pregnant women (normotensive controls, n = 693; preeclampsia, n = 342; chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, n = 61; eclampsia, n = 74; and HELLP syndrome, n = 112) were genotyped for variants in LNPEP (rs27300, rs38034, rs2303138), ERAP1 (rs27044, rs30187) and ERAP2 (rs2549796 rs2927609 rs11135484). We also evaluated the effect of ERAP1 rs30187 on plasma Ang II levels in an additional cohort of 65 pregnant women. The genotype C/C, in ERAP1 rs30187 variant (c.1583 T > C, p.Lys528Arg), was associated with increased risk of eclampsia (OR = 1.85, p = 0.019) whereas ERAP2 haplotype rs2549796(C)–rs2927609(C)–rs11135484(G) was associated with preeclampsia (OR = 1.96, corrected p-value = 0.01). Ang II plasma levels did not differ across rs30187 genotypic groups (p = 0.895). In conclusion, ERAP1 gene is associated with eclampsia whereas ERAP2 is associated with preeclampsia, although the mechanism by which genetic variants in ERAPs influence the risk of preeclampsia and eclampsia remain to be elucidated.
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Mpakali A, Stratikos E. The Role of Antigen Processing and Presentation in Cancer and the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E134. [PMID: 33406696 PMCID: PMC7796214 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical successes of cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are rapidly changing the landscape of cancer treatment. Regardless of initial impressive clinical results though, the therapeutic benefit of ICIs appears to be limited to a subset of patients and tumor types. Recent analyses have revealed that the potency of ICI therapies depends on the efficient presentation of tumor-specific antigens by cancer cells and professional antigen presenting cells. Here, we review current knowledge on the role of antigen presentation in cancer. We focus on intracellular antigen processing and presentation by Major Histocompatibility class I (MHCI) molecules and how it can affect cancer immune evasion. Finally, we discuss the pharmacological tractability of manipulating intracellular antigen processing as a complementary approach to enhance tumor immunogenicity and the effectiveness of ICI immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Mpakali
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Stratikos
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15784 Athens, Greece
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Jiménez KM, Morel A, Parada-Niño L, Alejandra González-Rodriguez M, Flórez S, Bolívar-Salazar D, Becerra-Bayona S, Aguirre-García A, Gómez-Murcia T, Fernanda Castillo L, Carlosama C, Ardila J, Vaiman D, Serrano N, Laissue P. Identifying new potential genetic biomarkers for HELLP syndrome using massive parallel sequencing. Pregnancy Hypertens 2020; 22:181-190. [PMID: 33059327 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE) is a frequently occurring multisystemic disease affecting ~5% of pregnancies. PE patients may develop HELLP syndrome (haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet), a mother and foetus life-threatening condition. Research into HELLP's genetic origin has been relatively unsuccessful, mainly because normal placental function and blood pressure regulation involve the fine-regulation of hundreds of genes. OBJECTIVE To identify new genes and mutations constituting potential biomarkers for HELLP syndrome. STUDY DESIGN The present case-control study involved whole-exome sequencing of 79 unrelated HELLP women. Candidate variants were screened in a control population constituted by 176 individuals. Stringent bioinformatics filters were used for selecting potentially etiological sequence variants in a subset of 487 genes. We used robust in silico mutation modelling for predicting the potential effect on protein structure. RESULTS We identified numerous sequence variants in genes related to angiogenesis/coagulation/blood pressure regulation, cell differentiation/communication/adhesion, cell cycle and transcriptional gene regulation, extracellular matrix biology, lipid metabolism and immunological response. Five sequence variants generated premature stop codons in genes playing an essential role in placental physiology (STOX1, PDGFD, IGF2, MMP1 and DNAH11). Six variants (ERAP1- p.Ile915Thr, ERAP2- p.Leu837Ser, COMT-p.His192Gln, CSAD-p.Pro418Ser, CDH1- p.Ala298Thr and CCR2-p.Met249Lys) led to destabilisation of protein structure as they had significant energy and residue interaction-related changes. We identified at least two mutations in 57% of patients, arguing in favour of a polygenic origin for the HELLP syndrome. CONCLUSION Our results provide novel evidence regarding PE/HELLP's genetic origin, leading to new biomarkers, having potential clinical usefulness, being proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Marcela Jiménez
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adrien Morel
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Parada-Niño
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Alejandra González-Rodriguez
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Stephanie Flórez
- Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - David Bolívar-Salazar
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Angel Aguirre-García
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Tatiana Gómez-Murcia
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luisa Fernanda Castillo
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Carlosama
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Javier Ardila
- Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, équipe FGTB, 24, rue du faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Norma Serrano
- Research Centre, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia (FCV), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Paul Laissue
- Center For Research in Genetics and Genomics-CIGGUR, GENIUROS Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, équipe FGTB, 24, rue du faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; Orphan Diseases Group, Biopas Laboratoires, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Saulle I, Vanetti C, Goglia S, Vicentini C, Tombetti E, Garziano M, Clerici M, Biasin M. A New ERAP2/Iso3 Isoform Expression Is Triggered by Different Microbial Stimuli in Human Cells. Could It Play a Role in the Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection? Cells 2020; 9:E1951. [PMID: 32847031 PMCID: PMC7563522 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following influenza infection, rs2248374-G ERAP2 expressing cells may transcribe an alternative spliced isoform: ERAP2/Iso3. This variant, unlike ERAP2-wt, is unable to trim peptides to be loaded on MHC class I molecules, but it can still dimerize with both ERAP2-wt and ERAP1-wt, thus contributing to profiling an alternative cellular immune-peptidome. In order to verify if the expression of ERAP2/Iso3 may be induced by other pathogens, PBMCs and MDMs isolated from 20 healthy subjects were stimulated with flu, LPS, CMV, HIV-AT-2, SARS-CoV-2 antigens to analyze its mRNA and protein expression. In parallel, Calu3 cell lines and PBMCs were in vitro infected with growing doses of SARS-CoV-2 (0.5, 5, 1000 MOI) and HIV-1BAL (0.1, 1, and 10 ng p24 HIV-1Bal/1 × 106 PBMCs) viruses, respectively. Results showed that: (1) ERAP2/Iso3 mRNA expression can be prompted by many pathogens and it is coupled with the modulation of several determinants (cytokines, interferon-stimulated genes, activation/inhibition markers, antigen-presentation elements) orchestrating the anti-microbial immune response (Quantigene); (2) ERAP2/Iso3 mRNA is translated into a protein (western blot); (3) ERAP2/Iso3 mRNA expression is sensitive to SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 concentration. Considering the key role played by ERAPs in antigen processing and presentation, it is conceivable that these enzymes may be potential targets and modulators of the pathogenicity of infectious diseases and further analyses are needed to define the role played by the different isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Saulle
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Claudia Vanetti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Goglia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Chiara Vicentini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Enrico Tombetti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Micaela Garziano
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
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Impact of Natural Occurring ERAP1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms within miRNA-Binding Sites on HCMV Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165861. [PMID: 32824160 PMCID: PMC7461596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a β-herpesvirus that causes serious problems in people with a compromised immune system, whereas it coexists asymptomatically within the host with a healthy immune system. Like other viruses, HCMV has adopted multiples strategies to manipulate the host’s immune responses. Among them, expression of viral microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the most intriguing. HCMV miR-UL112-5p and miR-US4-1 have been found to contribute to immune evasion by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1), a highly polymorphic key component of antigen processing. The current incomplete picture on the interplay between viral miRNAs and host immunity implies the need to better characterize the host genetic determinants. Naturally occurring single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the miRNA binding sites of target genes may affect miRNA–target interactions. In this review, we focus on the relevance of 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) ERAP1 SNPs within miRNA binding sites in modulating miRNA–mRNA interactions and the possible consequent individual susceptibility to HCMV infection. Moreover, we performed an in silico analysis using different bioinformatic algorithms to predict ERAP1 variants with a putative powerful biological function. This evidence provides a basis to deepen the knowledge on how 3′UTR ERAP1 variants may alter the mechanism of action of HCMV miRNAs, in order to develop targeted antiviral therapies.
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Li C, Li Y, Yan Z, Dai S, Liu S, Wang X, Wang J, Zhang X, Shi L, Yao Y. Polymorphisms in endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase genes are associated with cervical cancer risk in a Chinese Han population. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:341. [PMID: 32321463 PMCID: PMC7178719 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antigen-processing machinery molecules play crucial roles in infectious diseases and cancers. Studies have shown that polymorphisms in endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) genes can influence the enzymatic activity of ERAP proteins and are associated with the risk of diseases. In the current study, we evaluated the influence of ERAP gene (ERAP1 and ERAP2) polymorphisms on susceptibility to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. Methods Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ERAP1 and 5 SNPs in ERAP2 were selected and genotyped in 556 CIN patients, 1072 cervical cancer patients, and 1262 healthy control individuals. Candidate SNPs were genotyped using SNaPshot assay. And the association of these SNPs with CIN and cervical cancer was analysed. Results The results showed that allelic and genotypic frequencies of rs26653 in ERAP1 were significantly different between cervical cancer and control groups (P = 0.001 and 0.004). The allelic frequencies of rs27044 in ERAP1 and rs2287988 in ERAP2 were significantly different between control and cervical cancer groups (P = 0.003 and 0.004). Inheritance model analysis showed that genotypes of rs27044, rs26618, rs26653 and rs2287988 SNPs may be associated with the risk of cervical cancer (P = 0.003, 0.004, 0.001 and 0.002). Additionally, haplotype analysis results showed that the ERAP1 haplotype, rs27044C-rs30187T-rs26618T-rs26653G-rs3734016C, was associated with a lower risk of cervical cancer (P = 0.001). The ERAP2 haplotypes rs2549782G- rs2548538A-rs2248374A-rs2287988G-rs1056893T (P = 0.009 and 0.006) and rs2549782T-rs2548538T-rs2248374G-rs2287988A-rs1056893T (P = 0.003 and 0.009) might be associated with cervical cancer and the development from CIN to cervical cancer. Conclusion Our results indicated that rs27044, rs26618 and rs26653 in ERAP1 and rs2287988 in ERAP2 influenced susceptibility to cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyin Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yaheng Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zhiling Yan
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Shuying Dai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
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Saulle I, Vicentini C, Clerici M, Biasin M. An Overview on ERAP Roles in Infectious Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:E720. [PMID: 32183384 PMCID: PMC7140696 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) aminopeptidases ERAP1 and ERAP2 (ERAPs) are crucial enzymes shaping the major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I) immunopeptidome. In the ER, these enzymes cooperate in trimming the N-terminal residues from precursors peptides, so as to generate optimal-length antigens to fit into the MHC class I groove. Alteration or loss of ERAPs function significantly modify the repertoire of antigens presented by MHC I molecules, severely affecting the activation of both NK and CD8+ T cells. It is, therefore, conceivable that variations affecting the presentation of pathogen-derived antigens might result in an inadequate immune response and onset of disease. After the first evidence showing that ERAP1-deficient mice are not able to control Toxoplasma gondii infection, a number of studies have demonstrated that ERAPs are control factors for several infectious organisms. In this review we describe how susceptibility, development, and progression of some infectious diseases may be affected by different ERAPs variants, whose mechanism of action could be exploited for the setting of specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Saulle
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (C.V.); (M.B.)
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Vicentini
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Mario Clerici
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (C.V.); (M.B.)
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Seamon K, Kurlak LO, Warthan M, Stratikos E, Strauss JF, Mistry HD, Lee ED. The Differential Expression of ERAP1/ERAP2 and Immune Cell Activation in Pre-eclampsia. Front Immunol 2020; 11:396. [PMID: 32210971 PMCID: PMC7076169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a disorder of pregnancy, often leading to serious and fatal complications. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 and 2 (ERAP1/ERAP2) are present in the placenta. They are involved in processes regulating blood pressure, angiogenesis, cytokine receptor shedding, and immune recognition. Previous studies have associated both ERAP1/ERAP2 genetic variants with PE, although the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Less is known about the roles for these enzymes in early placentation, which could be a contributory factor to PE. To ascertain whether ERAP1/ERAP2 change in PE and whether such a change is present before PE is clinically diagnosed, we analyzed mRNA and ERAP1/2 protein expression in the placenta in the early first trimester (8–14 weeks) and at delivery in normotensive or PE women (n = 12/group). Gene expression was analyzed using qPCR, and protein expression and localization were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we profiled peripheral immune cells from normotensive and PE (n = 5/group) women for activation and expression of cytotoxic markers using flow cytometry to investigate a possible correlation with placental expression of ERAP1/2. Finally, we characterized the cytokines released from immune cells isolated from normotensive women and those with PE, stimulated ex vivo by JEG-3 trophoblast cells. The ERAP1 protein was significantly upregulated in first trimester placentae compared to placentae at delivery from both normotensive and PE women (p < 0.05): expression of placental ERAP1 protein was also relatively higher in normotensive than PE women. Although the protein expression of both ERAP1/ERAP2 was significantly lower in women with PE compared to normotensive controls (p < 0.05), ERAP2 protein expression remained unchanged in normotensive women at delivery compared to expression in the first trimester. Flow cytometry analysis revealed an increase in activation and cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood of PE compared to normotensive women. Intriguingly, there was a notable difference in cytokine release from the activated immune cells when further stimulated by trophoblast cells. The immune cells from PE released elevated expressions of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and most notably, pro-inflammatory IL-13 and IL-17α, inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Taken together, these findings suggest that differential lymphocyte activation could be associated with altered ERAP1/ERAP2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Seamon
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lesia O Kurlak
- Division of Child Heath, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jerome F Strauss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Hiten D Mistry
- Division of Child Heath, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eun D Lee
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Babaie F, Hosseinzadeh R, Ebrazeh M, Seyfizadeh N, Aslani S, Salimi S, Hemmatzadeh M, Azizi G, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Mohammadi H. The roles of ERAP1 and ERAP2 in autoimmunity and cancer immunity: New insights and perspective. Mol Immunol 2020; 121:7-19. [PMID: 32135401 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmunity and cancer affect millions worldwide and both, in principal, result from dysregulated immune responses. There are many well-known molecules involved in immunological process playing as a double-edged sword, by which associating autoimmune diseases and cancer. In this regard, Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases (ERAP) 1, which belongs to the M1 family of aminopeptidases, plays a central role as a "molecular ruler", proteolyzing of N-terminal of the antigenic peptides before their loading onto HLA-I molecules for antigen presentation in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) highlighted the significance of ERAP1 and ERAP2 in autoimmune diseases, including Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, Bechet's disease, and Birdshot chorioretinopathy, as well as in cancers. The expression of ERAP1/2 is mostly altered in different cancers compared to normal cells, but how this affects anti-cancer immune responses and cancer growth has been little explored. Recent studies on the immunological outcomes and the catalytic functions of ERAP1 and ERAP2 have provided a better understanding of their potential pathogenetic role in autoimmunity and cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of ERAP1 and ERAP2 in the autoimmune diseases and cancer immunity based on the recent advances in GWAS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Babaie
- Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Department of Biology, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Narges Seyfizadeh
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Salimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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Zavattaro E, Ramezani M, Sadeghi M. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) polymorphisms and psoriasis susceptibility: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gene 2020; 736:144416. [PMID: 32006595 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis has a complex genetic background with a strong heritable component. Herein, the present meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association of ERAP1 polymorphisms with psoriasis susceptibility. METHODS PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were examined with no time limits up to March 2019, without language, age, and sex restrictions. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by CMA 2.0 software in a dichotomous analysis using computed effect sizes and having OR and confidence limits for each study. The subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, type of study, and genotyping method was performed. RESULTS Thirteen articles were involved in the meta-analysis, in details eight were cohort studies and five were case-control studies. The results showed an association between rs27524 [OR = 1.179; 95%CI: 1.081, 1.286; p < 0.001] and rs30187 [OR = 1.237; 95%CI: 1.133, 1.351; p < 0.001] polymorphisms and psoriasis susceptibility; whereas no association was detected with rs26653 [OR = 1.013; 95%CI: 0.798, 1.286; p = 0.914] and rs27044 [OR = 1.164; 95%CI: 0.982, 1.381; p = 0.080] polymorphisms. Psoriasis susceptibility in both Caucasian and Asian ethnicities was related to rs27524 polymorphism, while rs30187 and rs27044 polymorphisms were over-represented in patients belonging to Caucasian ethnicity. In addition, in cohort studies, psoriasis susceptibility was related to rs27524 polymorphism, while the associated polymorphisms were rs26653 and rs27044 in case-control studies, and rs30187 in both cohort and case-control studies. CONCLUSIONS These findings showed an association between rs27524 and rs30187 polymorphisms and susceptibility to psoriasis, while lack of association was obtained for rs26653 and rs27044 polymorphisms. In order to confirm our results, further studies are needed, also considering different factors, such as type of psoriasis and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Zavattaro
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mazaher Ramezani
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 6714415153 Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 6714415185 Kermanshah, Iran; Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
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34
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Maben Z, Arya R, Rane D, An WF, Metkar S, Hickey M, Bender S, Ali A, Nguyen TT, Evnouchidou I, Schilling R, Stratikos E, Golden J, Stern LJ. Discovery of Selective Inhibitors of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1. J Med Chem 2019; 63:103-121. [PMID: 31841350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ERAP1 is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident zinc aminopeptidase that plays an important role in the immune system by trimming peptides for loading onto major histocompatibility complex proteins. Here, we report discovery of the first inhibitors selective for ERAP1 over its paralogues ERAP2 and IRAP. Compound 1 (N-(N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)carbamimidoyl)-2,5-difluorobenzenesulfonamide) and compound 2 (1-(1-(4-acetylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)cyclohexyl)-3-(p-tolyl)urea) are competitive inhibitors of ERAP1 aminopeptidase activity. Compound 3 (4-methoxy-3-(N-(2-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfamoyl)benzoic acid) allosterically activates ERAP1's hydrolysis of fluorogenic and chromogenic amino acid substrates but competitively inhibits its activity toward a nonamer peptide representative of physiological substrates. Compounds 2 and 3 inhibit antigen presentation in a cellular assay. Compound 3 displays higher potency for an ERAP1 variant associated with increased risk of autoimmune disease. These inhibitors provide mechanistic insights into the determinants of specificity for ERAP1, ERAP2, and IRAP and offer a new therapeutic approach of specifically inhibiting ERAP1 activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Digamber Rane
- Kansas University Specialized Chemistry Center , Lawrence , Kansas 66047 , United States
| | - W Frank An
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Shailesh Metkar
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Marc Hickey
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Samantha Bender
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | | | | | - Irini Evnouchidou
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi, Athens 15341 , Greece
| | - Roger Schilling
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Efstratios Stratikos
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi, Athens 15341 , Greece
| | - Jennifer Golden
- Kansas University Specialized Chemistry Center , Lawrence , Kansas 66047 , United States
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35
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Marinaro F, Gómez-Serrano M, Jorge I, Silla-Castro JC, Vázquez J, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Blázquez R, López E, Álvarez V, Casado JG. Unraveling the Molecular Signature of Extracellular Vesicles From Endometrial-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Modulatory Effects and Therapeutic Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:431. [PMID: 31921832 PMCID: PMC6932983 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (endMSCs) are involved in the regeneration and remodeling of human endometrium, being considered one of the most promising candidates for stem cell-based therapies. Their therapeutic effects have been found to be mediated by extracellular vesicles (EV-endMSCs) with pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects. Based on that, the main goal of this study was to characterize the proteome and microRNAome of these EV-endMSCs by proteomics and transcriptomics approaches. Additionally, we hypothesized that inflammatory priming of endMSCs may contribute to modify the therapeutic potential of these vesicles. High-throughput proteomics revealed that 617 proteins were functionally annotated as Extracellular exosome (GO:0070062), corresponding to the 70% of the EV-endMSC proteome. Bioinformatics analyses allowed us to identify that these proteins were involved in adaptive/innate immune response, complement activation, antigen processing/presentation, negative regulation of apoptosis, and different signaling pathways, among others. Of note, multiplexed quantitative proteomics and Systems Biology analyses showed that IFNγ priming significantly modulated the protein profile of these vesicles. As expected, proteins involved in antigen processing and presentation were significantly increased. Interestingly, immunomodulatory proteins, such as CSF1, ERAP1, or PYCARD were modified. Regarding miRNAs expression profile in EV-endMSCs, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) showed that the preferred site of microRNAome targeting was the nucleus (n = 371 microTargets), significantly affecting signal transduction (GO:0007165), cell proliferation (GO:0008283), and apoptotic processes (GO:0006915), among others. Interestingly, NGS analyses highlighted that several miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-150-5p or hsa-miR-196b-5p, were differentially expressed in IFNγ-primed EV-endMSCs. These miRNAs have a functional involvement in glucocorticoid receptor signaling, IL-6/8/12 signaling, and in the role of macrophages. In summary, these results allowed us to understand the complexity of the molecular networks in EV-endMSCs and their potential effects on target cells. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study based on proteomic and genomic approaches to unravel the therapeutic potential of these extracellular vesicles, that may be used as immunomodulatory effectors in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Marinaro
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - María Gómez-Serrano
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Vázquez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Blázquez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther López
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Verónica Álvarez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier G Casado
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
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36
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Textoris-Taube K, Cammann C, Henklein P, Topfstedt E, Ebstein F, Henze S, Liepe J, Zhao F, Schadendorf D, Dahlmann B, Uckert W, Paschen A, Mishto M, Seifert U. ER-aminopeptidase 1 determines the processing and presentation of an immunotherapy-relevant melanoma epitope. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:270-283. [PMID: 31729751 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dissecting the different steps of the processing and presentation of tumor-associated antigens is a key aspect of immunotherapies enabling to tackle the immune response evasion attempts of cancer cells. The immunodominant glycoprotein gp100209-217 epitope, which is liberated from the melanoma differentiation antigen gp100PMEL17 , is part of immunotherapy trials. By analyzing different human melanoma cell lines, we here demonstrate that a pool of N-terminal extended peptides sharing the common minimal epitope is generated by melanoma proteasome subtypes. In vitro and in cellulo experiments indicate that ER-resident aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1)-but not ERAP2-defines the processing of this peptide pool thereby modulating the T-cell recognition of melanoma cells. By combining the outcomes of our studies and others, we can sketch the complex processing and endogenous presentation pathway of the gp100209-217 -containing epitope/peptides, which are produced by proteasomes and are translocated to the vesicular compartment through different pathways, where the precursor peptides that reach the endoplasmic reticulum are further processed by ERAP1. The latter step enhances the activation of epitope-specific T lymphocytes, which might be a target to improve the efficiency of anti-melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Textoris-Taube
- Shared Facility for Mass Spectrometry, Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens Cammann
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie-Virologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Petra Henklein
- Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eylin Topfstedt
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie-Virologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frédéric Ebstein
- Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Henze
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juliane Liepe
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fang Zhao
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhardt Dahlmann
- Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Paschen
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michele Mishto
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology (CIBCI) & Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sul Cancro "Giorgio Prodi", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ulrike Seifert
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie-Virologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Babaie F, Mohammadi H, Hemmatzadeh M, Ebrazeh M, Torkamandi S, Yousefi M, Hajaliloo M, Rezaiemanesh A, Salimi S, Salimi R, Safarzadeh E, Baradaran B, Babaloo Z. Evaluation of ERAP1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in immunomodulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines profile in ankylosing spondylitis. Immunol Lett 2019; 217:31-38. [PMID: 31711818 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a prototype of chronic inflammatory arthritis termed seronegative spondyloarthropathies that typically affects the joints. Among the non-Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci, the strongest association has been observed with Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Moreover, the effect of ERAP1 gene SNPs on the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AS disease has still been poorly elucidated. In this study, we aimed to determine the association of ERAP1 gene SNPs (rs30187 and rs2287987) with AS risk as well as their effect on the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, with emphasis on the immunoregulation of the IL-17/IL-23 pathway, in an Iranian population. METHODS We performed Single specific primer (SSP)-PCR for genotyping of 160 AS patients and 160 healthy controls. After isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), total RNA of PBMCs was isolated, complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized, and quantitative analyses of mRNA expression of cytokines were performed by Real-time PCR for 40 HLA-B27 positive AS patients and 40 healthy individuals as controls. RESULTS It was seen that T allele of rs30187 (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.07-2.22, P = 0.017) and C allele of rs2287987 (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.05-2.14, P = 0.024) were associated with the risk of AS. Both of these alleles were associated more strongly in the HLA-B27 positive AS patients. There was a significant overexpression of mRNAs of pro-inflammatory (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-23, TNF-α and IFN-γ), while downregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β) in PBMCs from 40 HLA-B27 positive AS patients in comparison to controls. AS patients with rs30187 SNP TT genotype expressed mRNA of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-23 significantly higher than patents with CT and CC genotypes for this SNP. CONCLUSIONS This study represented the association of ERAP1 gene rs30187 and rs2287987 polymorphism with the risk of AS. Additionally, it appears that rs30187 polymorphism may be involved in the immunomodulation of the IL-17/IL-23 pathway in the AS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Babaie
- Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shahram Torkamandi
- Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Hajaliloo
- Connective Tissue Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezaiemanesh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sorayya Salimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Salimi
- Human Molecular Genetics, De Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Connective Tissue Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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38
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Georgiadis D, Mpakali A, Koumantou D, Stratikos E. Inhibitors of ER Aminopeptidase 1 and 2: From Design to Clinical Application. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:2715-2729. [PMID: 29446724 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180214111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic Reticulum aminopeptidase 1 and 2 are two homologous enzymes that help generate peptide ligands for presentation by Major Histocompatibility Class I molecules. Their enzymatic activity influences the antigenic peptide repertoire and indirectly controls adaptive immune responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that these two enzymes are tractable targets for the regulation of immune responses with possible applications ranging from cancer immunotherapy to treating inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in the development of inhibitors of ERAP1 and ERAP2 as well as their potential and limitations for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Mpakali
- National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341, Greece
| | - Despoina Koumantou
- National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341, Greece
| | - Efstratios Stratikos
- National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, 15341, Greece
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39
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Saulle I, Ibba SV, Torretta E, Vittori C, Fenizia C, Piancone F, Minisci D, Lori EM, Trabattoni D, Gelfi C, Clerici M, Biasin M. Endoplasmic Reticulum Associated Aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) Is Released in the Secretome of Activated MDMs and Reduces in vitro HIV-1 Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1648. [PMID: 31379846 PMCID: PMC6646713 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Haplotype-specific alternative splicing of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) aminopeptidase type 2 (ERAP2) gene results in either full-length (FL, haplotype A) or alternatively spliced (AS, haplotype B) mRNA. HapA/HapA homozygous (HomoA) subjects show a reduced susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, probably secondary to the modulation of the antigen processing/presenting machinery. ERAP1 was recently shown to be secreted from the plasma membrane in response to activation; we investigated whether ERAP2 can be released as well and if the secreted form of this enzyme retains its antiviral function. Methods: Human monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs) were differentiated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from 6 HomoA healthy controls and stimulated with IFNγ and LPS. ERAP2-FL secretion was evaluated by mass spectrometry. PBMCs (14 HomoA and 16 HomoB) and CD8-depleted PBMCs (CD8−PBMCs) (4 HomoA and 4 HomoB) were in vitro HIV-infected in the absence/presence of recombinant human ERAP2-FL (rhERAP2) protein; p24 viral antigen quantification was used to assess viral replication. IFNγ and CD69 mRNA expression, as well as the percentage of perforin-producing CD8+ T Lymphocytes, were analyzed 3 and 7-days post in vitro HIV-1-infection, respectively. The effect of rhERAP2 addition in cell cultures on T cell apoptosis, proliferation, activation, and maturation was evaluated as well on 24 h-stimulated PBMCs. Results: ERAP2 can be secreted from human MDMs in response to IFNγ/LPS stimulation. Notably, the addition of rhERAP2 to PBMC and CD8−PBMC cultures resulted in the reduction of viral replication, though these differences were statistically significant only in PBMCs (p < 0.05 in both HomoA and HomoB). This protective effect was associated with an increase in IFNγ and CD69 mRNA expression and in the percentage of perforin-expressing CD107+CD8+ cells. RhERAP2 addition also resulted in an increase in CD8+ activated lymphocyte (CD25+HLA−DRII+) and Effector Memory/Terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells ratio. Conclusions: This is the first report providing evidence for the release of ERAP2 in the secretome of immunocompetent cells. Data herein also indicate that exogenous ERAP2-FL exerts its protective function against HIV-1 infection, even in HomoB subjects who do not genetically produce it. Presumably, this defensive extracellular feature is only partially dependent on immune system modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Saulle
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Salomè Valentina Ibba
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Vittori
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Fenizia
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Davide Minisci
- Department of Infectious Disease, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Maria Lori
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Trabattoni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,I.R.C.C.S Orthopaedic Institute Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Don C. Gnocchi Foundation IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Evnouchidou I, van Endert P. Peptide trimming by endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases: Role of MHC class I binding and ERAP dimerization. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:290-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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41
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Soltani S, Nasiri M. Association of ERAP2 gene variants with risk of pre-eclampsia among Iranian women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019; 145:337-342. [PMID: 30933316 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the association between ERAP2 rs2549782 and rs17408150 polymorphisms and pre-eclampsia among Iranian women. METHODS A retrospective case-control study comparing 319 women with pre-eclampsia and 291 normotensive pregnant Iranian women between January and August 2016. Pre-eclampsia was diagnosed by the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy's criteria. Demographic data were collected by oral interview. Genotyping was done by allele-specific PCR. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 16. RESULTS The frequency of the rs2549782TT genotype was 31.0% and 27.5% among cases and controls, respectively (P=0.006). There was no difference in the frequency of the T allele between groups (P>0.05). Regarding the rs17408150 polymorphism, a high portion of women with pre-eclampsia was homozygous for the AA genotype (P<0.001). The frequency of the A allele was 32.5% and 25.05% among cases and controls, respectively (P=0.004). The combined haplotype of the rs2549782A and rs17408150G alleles was associated with increased risk of pre-eclampsia (P=0.031). CONCLUSION ERAP2 gene polymorphisms were associated with the risk of pre-eclampsia in an Iranian population. The results provide further evidence of the role of ERAP2 in the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Soltani
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Nasiri
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Arsanjan, Iran
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42
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Compagnone M, Cifaldi L, Fruci D. Regulation of ERAP1 and ERAP2 genes and their disfunction in human cancer. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:318-324. [PMID: 30825518 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) aminopeptidases ERAP1 and ERAP2 are two multifunctional enzymes playing an important role in the biological processes requiring trimming of substrates, including the generation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I binding peptides. In the absence of ERAP enzymes, the cells exhibit a different pool of peptides on their surface which can promote both NK and CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses. The expression of ERAP1 and ERAP2 is frequently altered in tumors, as compared to their normal counterparts, but how this affects tumor growth and anti-tumor immune responses has been little investigated. This review will provide an overview of current knowledge on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations of ERAP enzymes, and will discuss the contribution of recent studies to our understanding of ERAP1 and ERAP2 role in cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Compagnone
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cifaldi
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Doriana Fruci
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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43
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Drobin K, Assadi G, Hong MG, Andersson E, Fredolini C, Forsström B, Reznichenko A, Akhter T, Ek WE, Bonfiglio F, Hansen MB, Sandberg K, Greco D, Repsilber D, Schwenk JM, D’Amato M, Halfvarson J. Targeted Analysis of Serum Proteins Encoded at Known Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk Loci. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019; 25:306-316. [PMID: 30358838 PMCID: PMC6327232 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the blood proteome of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We characterized the serum abundance of proteins encoded at 163 known IBD risk loci and tested these proteins for their biomarker discovery potential. METHODS Based on the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) antibody availability, 218 proteins from genes mapping at 163 IBD risk loci were selected. Targeted serum protein profiles from 49 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, 51 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 50 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals were obtained using multiplexed antibody suspension bead array assays. Differences in relative serum abundance levels between disease groups and controls were examined. Replication was attempted for CD-UC comparisons (including disease subtypes) by including 64 additional patients (33 CD and 31 UC). Antibodies targeting a potentially novel risk protein were validated by paired antibodies, Western blot, immuno-capture mass spectrometry, and epitope mapping. RESULTS By univariate analysis, 13 proteins mostly related to neutrophil, T-cell, and B-cell activation and function were differentially expressed in IBD patients vs healthy controls, 3 in CD patients vs healthy controls and 2 in UC patients vs healthy controls (q < 0.01). Multivariate analyses further differentiated disease groups from healthy controls and CD subtypes from UC (P < 0.05). Extended characterization of an antibody targeting a novel, discriminative serum marker, the laccase (multicopper oxidoreductase) domain containing 1 (LACC1) protein, provided evidence for antibody on-target specificity. CONCLUSIONS Using affinity proteomics, we identified a set of IBD-associated serum proteins encoded at IBD risk loci. These candidate proteins hold the potential to be exploited as diagnostic biomarkers of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimi Drobin
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ghazaleh Assadi
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eni Andersson
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Fredolini
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Forsström
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Reznichenko
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tahmina Akhter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weronica E Ek
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ferdinando Bonfiglio
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mark Berner Hansen
- AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal, Innovative and Global Medicines, Mölndal, Sweden
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Sandberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery & Development Platform & Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dario Greco
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dirk Repsilber
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mauro D’Amato
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- BioDonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jonas Halfvarson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Address correspondence to: Jonas Halfvarson, PhD, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182, Örebro, Sweden ()
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44
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Wu B, Lin Y, Li B, Zhan C, Zeng F, Wu S. Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Functionalized Squaraine Fluorophore as a Near-Infrared-Fluorescent Probe for the In Vivo Detection of Diagnostic Enzymes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9359-9365. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chenyue Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shuizhu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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45
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Zee RYL, Rivera A, Inostroza Y, Ridker PM, Chasman DI, Romero JR. Gene Variation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidases 1 and 2, and Risk of Blood Pressure Progression and Incident Hypertension among 17,255 Initially Healthy Women. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:2308585. [PMID: 29850473 PMCID: PMC5933071 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2308585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) in blood pressure (BP) homeostasis. To date, no large prospective, genetic-epidemiological data are available on genetic variation within ERAP and hypertension risk. The association of 45 genetic variants of ERAP1 and ERAP2 was investigated in 17,255 Caucasian female participants from the Women's Genome Health Study. All subjects were free of hypertension at baseline. During an 18-year follow-up period, 10,216 incident hypertensive cases were identified. Multivariable linear, logistic, and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship of genotypes with baseline BP levels, BP progression at 48 months, and incident hypertension assuming an additive genetic model. Linear regression analyses showed associations of four tSNPs (ERAP1: rs27524; ERAP2: rs3733904, rs4869315, and rs2549782; all p < 0.05) with baseline systolic BP levels. Three tSNPs (ERAP1: rs27851, rs27429, and rs34736, all p < 0.05) were associated with baseline diastolic BP levels. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that ERAP1 rs27772 was associated with BP progression at 48 months (p = 0.0366). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed an association of three tSNPs (ERAP1: rs469783 and rs10050860; ERAP2: rs2927615; all p < 0.05) with risk of incident hypertension. Analyses of dbGaP for genotype-phenotype association and GTEx Portal for gene expression quantitative trait loci revealed five tSNPs with differential association of BP and nine tSNPs with lower ERAP1 and ERAP2 mRNA expression levels, respectively. The present study suggests that ERAP1 and ERAP2 gene variation may be useful for risk assessment of BP progression and the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Y. L. Zee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Alicia Rivera
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Vascular Biology Research Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Yaritza Inostroza
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jose R. Romero
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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46
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Babaie F, Hasankhani M, Mohammadi H, Safarzadeh E, Rezaiemanesh A, Salimi R, Baradaran B, Babaloo Z. The role of gut microbiota and IL-23/IL-17 pathway in ankylosing spondylitis immunopathogenesis: New insights and updates. Immunol Lett 2018; 196:52-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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47
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Wiśniewski A, Matusiak Ł, Szczerkowska-Dobosz A, Nowak I, Łuszczek W, Kuśnierczyk P. The association of ERAP1 and ERAP2 single nucleotide polymorphisms and their haplotypes with psoriasis vulgaris is dependent on the presence or absence of the HLA-C*06:02 allele and age at disease onset. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:109-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Steinbach A, Riemer AB. Immune evasion mechanisms of human papillomavirus: An update. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:224-229. [PMID: 28865151 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most frequently sexually transmitted agent in the world. It can cause cervical and other anogenital malignancies, and oropharyngeal cancer. HPV has the unique ability to persist in the host's epithelium for a long time-longer than most viruses do-which is necessary to complete its replication cycle. To this end, HPV has developed a variety of immune evasion mechanisms, which unfortunately also favor the progression of the disease from infection to chronic dysplasia and eventually to cancer. This article summarizes the current knowledge about HPV immune evasion strategies. A special emphasis lies in HPV-mediated changes of the antigen processing machinery, which is generating epitopes for T cells and contributes to the detectability of infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Steinbach
- Immunotherapy & Immunoprevention, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Vaccine Design, German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika B Riemer
- Immunotherapy & Immunoprevention, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Vaccine Design, German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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49
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Kuo IC, Kao HK, Huang Y, Wang CI, Yi JS, Liang Y, Liao CT, Yen TC, Wu CC, Chang KP. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 involvement in metastasis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma discovered by proteome profiling of primary cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:61698-61708. [PMID: 28977897 PMCID: PMC5617457 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and associated with poor prognosis and mortality. Discovery of proteins that can improve OSCC treatment is needed. Using comparative proteome profiling of primary cells derived from OSCC and adjacent noncancerous epithelium, endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 2 (ERAP2) has been identified as an OSCC-associated protein. Compared with the adjacent normal tissues, ERAP2 levels were determined to be significantly elevated in OSCC tissues using quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Importantly, overexpression of ERAP2 was associated with positive N stage, advanced overall stage, positive perineural invasion, and tumor depth (P = 0.041, 0.015, 0.010, and 0.032, respectively). The overall survival rates of patients without and with the ERAP2 overexpression were 71.9% and 56.0%, respectively (P = 0.029). Furthermore, knockdown of ERAP2 inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of OSCC cells. Our results collectively show that ERAP2 overexpression is associated with the cervical metastasis and poorer prognosis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chun Kuo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Kai Kao
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yenlin Huang
- Departments of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Shan Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying Liang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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50
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The genetic regulation of transcription in human endometrial tissue. Hum Reprod 2017; 32:893-904. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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