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Jena S, Gonzalez G, Vítek D, Kvasnicová M, Štěpánková Š, Strnad M, Voller J, Chanda K. Novel neuroprotective 5,6-dihydropyrido[2',1':2,3]imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives acting through cholinesterase inhibition and CB2 signaling modulation. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116592. [PMID: 39013357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
A novel group of 5,6-dihydropyrido [2',1':2,3]imidazo [4,5-c]quinolines was prepared via a microwave assisted one-pot telescopic approach. The synthetic sequence involves the formation of an amine precursor of imidazo [1,2-a]pyridine via condensation and reduction under microwave irradiation. Subsequently, the Pictet-Spengler cyclisation reaction occurs with ketones (cyclic or acyclic) to obtain substituted 5,6-dihydropyrido [2',1':2,3]imidazo [4,5-c]quinolines in excellent yields. The compounds were tested as neuroprotective agents. Observed protection of neuron-like cells, SH-SY5Y differentiated with ATRA, in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease models inspired further mechanistic studies of protective activity against damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a compound causing Parkinson's disease. The novel compounds exhibit similar or higher potency than ebselen, an established drug with antioxidant activity, in the cells against MPP + -induced total cellular superoxide production and cell death. However, they exhibit a significantly higher capacity to reduce mitochondrial superoxide and preserve mitochondrial membrane potential. We also observed marked differences between a selected derivative and ebselen in terms of normalizing MPP + -induced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. The cytoprotective activity was abrogated when signaling through cannabinoid receptor CB2 was blocked. The compounds also inhibit both acetylcholine and butyrylcholine esterases. Overall the data show that novel 5,6-dihydropyrido [2',1':2,3]imidazo [4,5-c]quinoline have a broad cytoprotective activity which is mediated by several mechanisms including mitoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushovan Jena
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Gabriel Gonzalez
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, University Hospital in Olomouc, I. P. Pavlova 6, 77520, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Vítek
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 5, 77515, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Kvasnicová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, and Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Štěpánková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, and Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Voller
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Science, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 5, 77515, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Chemistry, Rabindranath Tagore University, Hojai, Assam, 782435, India.
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Muttiah B, Muhammad Fuad ND, Jaafar F, Abdullah NAH. Extracellular Vesicles in Ovarian Cancer: From Chemoresistance Mediators to Therapeutic Vectors. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1806. [PMID: 39200270 PMCID: PMC11351885 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) remains the deadliest gynecological malignancy, with alarming projections indicating a 42% increase in new cases and a 51% rise in mortality by 2040. This review explores the challenges in OC treatment, focusing on chemoresistance mechanisms and the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as drug delivery agents. Despite advancements in treatment strategies, including cytoreductive surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, the high recurrence rate underscores the need for innovative approaches. Key resistance mechanisms include drug efflux, apoptosis disruption, enhanced DNA repair, cancer stem cells, immune evasion, and the complex tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts and extracellular vesicles play crucial roles in modulating the tumor microenvironment and facilitating chemoresistance. EVs, naturally occurring nanovesicles, emerge as promising drug carriers due to their low toxicity, high biocompatibility, and inherent targeting capabilities. They have shown potential in delivering chemotherapeutics like doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, as well as natural compounds such as curcumin and berry anthocyanidins, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity in OC models. However, challenges such as low production yields, heterogeneity, rapid clearance, and inefficient drug loading methods need to be addressed for clinical application. Ongoing research aims to optimize EV production, loading efficiency, and targeting, paving the way for novel and more effective therapeutic strategies in OC treatment. Overcoming these obstacles is crucial to unlocking the full potential of EV-based therapies and improving outcomes for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barathan Muttiah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Dina Muhammad Fuad
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Faizul Jaafar
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Atiqah Haizum Abdullah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Priyanka, Sharma S, Sharma M. Role of PE/PPE proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in triad of host mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106757. [PMID: 38908454 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The PE and PPE family proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is exclusively found in pathogenic Mycobacterium species, comprising approximately 8-10 % of the Mtb genome. These emerging virulent factors have been observed to play pivotal roles in Mtb pathogenesis and immune evasion through various strategies. These immunogenic proteins are known to modulate the host immune response and cell-death pathways by targeting the powerhouse of the cell, the mitochondria to support Mtb survival. In this article, we are focused on how PE/PPE family proteins target host mitochondria to induce mitochondrial perturbations, modulate the levels of cellular ROS (Reactive oxygen species) and control cell death pathways. We observed that the time of expression of these proteins at different stages of infection is crucial for elucidating their impact on the cell death pathways and eventually on the outcome of infection. This article focuses on understanding the contributions of the PE/PPE proteins by unravelling the triad of host mitochondria, oxidative stress and cell death pathways that facilitate the Mtb persistence. Understanding the role of these proteins in host cellular pathways and the intricate mechanisms paves the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat TB infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka
- DSKC BioDiscovery Laboratory, Miranda House, and Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Sadhna Sharma
- DSKC BioDiscovery Laboratory, Miranda House, and Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Monika Sharma
- DSKC BioDiscovery Laboratory, Miranda House, and Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Manoharan S, Prajapati K, Karthikeyan T, Vedagiri H, Perumal E. Virtual screening of FOXO3a activators from natural product-like compound library. Mol Divers 2024; 28:1393-1408. [PMID: 37261568 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
FOXO3a is an inevitable transcription factor, which is involved in the regulation of biological processes such as proliferation, DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest and cell death. Previous studies confirmed that FOXO3a is an excellent tumor suppressor and in cancer cells, it gets phosphorylated followed by proteasomal degradation. FOXO3a is found to be inactivated in cancer cells, whereas in normal cells it gets activated and upregulates its downstream targets, which induces apoptotic pathways. Hence, activation of FOXO3a can be implicated in cancer prevention and treatment. A variety of commercially available FOXO3a activators such as doxorubicin and metformin possess undesirable adverse effects to normal cells and tissues, which are their major limitations. Natural bioactive compounds, eliminating the limitations of such compounds, become an excellent choice for the treatment and prevention of cancer. In this study, a library of natural product-like compounds was screened for their FOXO3a activation potential through in silico approach, which included the use of several bioinformatics tools and processes. Other molecular interaction studies as well as binding and specificity studies were carried out with the help of molecular dynamics simulation. Virtual screening of 7700 small molecules from the Natural Products-like Compound Library revealed the top three FOXO3a activators F3385-6269, F2183-0033 and F3351-0330. Further validation studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryaa Manoharan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Kunjkumar Prajapati
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Tharini Karthikeyan
- Molecular Genomics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Hemamalini Vedagiri
- Molecular Genomics Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India.
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Das IJ, Bal T. Exploring carrageenan: From seaweed to biomedicine-A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131822. [PMID: 38677668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials are pivotal in the realms of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery and serve as fundamental building blocks. Within this dynamic landscape, polymeric biomaterials emerge as the frontrunners, offering unparalleled versatility across physical, chemical, and biological domains. Natural polymers, in particular, captivate attention for their inherent bioactivity. Among these, carrageenan (CRG), extracted from red seaweeds, stands out as a naturally occurring polysaccharide with immense potential in various biomedical applications. CRG boasts a unique array of properties, encompassing antiviral, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and antitumor attributes, positioning it as an attractive choice for cutting-edge research in drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. This comprehensive review encapsulates the multifaceted properties of CRG, shedding light on the chemical modifications that it undergoes. Additionally, it spotlights pioneering research that harnesses the potential of CRG to craft scaffolds and drug delivery systems, offering high efficacy in the realms of tissue repair and disease intervention. In essence, this review celebrates the remarkable versatility of CRG and its transformative role in advancing biomedical solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itishree Jogamaya Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Trishna Bal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India.
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Almalki WH. Beyond the genome: lncRNAs as regulators of the PI3K/AKT pathway in lung cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154852. [PMID: 37837857 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a prevalent and devastating disease, representing a significant global health burden. Despite advancements in therapeutic strategies, the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. Lung cancer typically displays the deregulated activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway, which is vital for cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) can modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway, offering new insights into lung cancer biology and potential therapeutic opportunities. These lncRNA act as either oncogenes, promoting pathway activation, or tumour suppressors, attenuating pathway signalling. The dysregulation of lncRNA is associated with various cellular processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle control, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis, ultimately influencing lung cancer growth and metastasis. The development of novel therapeutic strategies, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), antisense oligonucleotides, and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, holds promise for restoring lncRNAs dysregulation and re-establishing the equilibrium of the PI3K/AKT pathway. The emerging role of lncRNAs as regulators of the PI3K/AKT pathway sheds new light on the complex molecular landscape of lung cancer. Understanding the interplay between lncRNA and the PI3K/AKT pathway could lead to the identification of novel biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic targets for precision medicine. The potential of lncRNAs-based therapeutics may pave the way for more effective and personalized treatment approaches in lung cancer and potentially other malignancies with dysregulated PI3K/AKT signalling. This review aims to explore the emerging role of lncRNAs as key regulators of the PI3K/AKT pathway in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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Amin T, Sharma RP, Mir KB, Slathia N, Chhabra S, Tsering D, Kotwal P, Bhagat M, Nandi U, Parkesh R, Kapoor KK, Goswami A. Quinoxalinone substituted pyrrolizine (4h)-induced dual inhibition of AKT and ERK instigates apoptosis in breast and colorectal cancer by modulating mitochondrial membrane potential. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175945. [PMID: 37541376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
AKT and ERK 1/2 play a pivotal role in cancer cell survival, proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Therefore, AKT and ERK 1/2 are considered crucial targets for cancer intervention. In this study, we envisaged the role of AKT and ERK signaling in apoptosis regulation in presence of compound 4h, a novel synthetic derivative of quinoxalinone substituted spiropyrrolizines exhibiting substantial antiproliferative activity in various cancer cell lines. Structurally 4h is a spiropyrrolizine derivative. Molecular docking analysis revealed that compound 4h shows strong binding affinity with AKT-1 (-9.5 kcal/mol) and ERK2 (-9.0 kcal/mol) via binding at allosteric sites of AKT and active site of ERK2. The implications of 4h binding with these two survival kinases resulted in the obstruction for ATP binding, hence, hampering their phosphorylation dependent activation. We demonstrate that 4h mediated apoptotic induction via disruption in the mitochondrial membrane potential of MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells and 4h-mediated inhibition of survival pathways occurred in a wild type PTEN background and is diminished in PTEN-/- cells. In 4T1 mammary carcinoma model, 4h exhibited pronounced reduction in the tumor size and tumor volume at significantly low doses. Besides, 4h reached the highest plasma concentration of 5.8 μM within a period of 1 h in mice model intraperitoneally. Furthermore, 4h showed acceptable clearance with an adequate elimination half-life and satisfactory pharmacokinetic behaviour, thus proclaiming as a potential lead molecule against breast and colorectal cancer by specifically inhibiting simultaneously AKT and ERK1/2 kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeeba Amin
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | | | - Khalid Bashir Mir
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Nancy Slathia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Sonali Chhabra
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India; CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Dolma Tsering
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Pankul Kotwal
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Madhulika Bhagat
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, J&K, 181143, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Raman Parkesh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India; CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Kamal K Kapoor
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, J&K, 181143, India.
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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Jere SW, Abrahamse H, Houreld NN. Interaction of the AKT and β-catenin signalling pathways and the influence of photobiomodulation on cellular signalling proteins in diabetic wound healing. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:81. [PMID: 37735655 PMCID: PMC10515080 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction of a cells destiny is a tightly controlled process that is regulated through communication between the matrix and cell signalling proteins. Cell signalling activates distinctive subsections of target genes, and different signalling pathways may be used repeatedly in different settings. A range of different signalling pathways are activated during the wound healing process, and dysregulated cellular signalling may lead to reduced cell function and the development of chronic wounds. Diabetic wounds are chronic and are characterised by the inability of skin cells to act in response to reparative inducements. Serine/threonine kinase, protein kinase B or AKT (PKB/AKT), is a central connection in cell signalling induced by growth factors, cytokines and other cellular inducements, and is one of the critical pathways that regulate cellular proliferation, survival, and quiescence. AKT interacts with a variety of other pathway proteins including glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) and β-catenin. Novel methodologies based on comprehensive knowledge of activated signalling pathways and their interaction during normal or chronic wound healing can facilitate quicker and efficient diabetic wound healing. In this review, we focus on interaction of the AKT and β-catenin signalling pathways and the influence of photobiomodulation on cellular signalling proteins in diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Winfield Jere
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028 South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028 South Africa
| | - Nicolette Nadene Houreld
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028 South Africa
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Razi S, Mozdarani H, Behzadi Andouhjerdi R. Evaluation of the Potential Diagnostic Role of the Lnc-MIAT, miR-29a-3p, and FOXO3a ceRNA Networks as Noninvasive Circulatory Bioindicator in Ductal Carcinoma Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2023; 17:11782234231184378. [PMID: 37434996 PMCID: PMC10331106 DOI: 10.1177/11782234231184378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the last few decades, tremendous progress has been achieved in the early detection and treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, the prognosis remains unsatisfactory, and the underlying processes of carcinogenesis are still unclear. The purpose of this research was to find out the relationship between myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT), FOXO3a, and miRNA29a-3p and evaluated the expression levels in patients compare with control and their potential as a noninvasive bioindicator in whole blood in BC. Methods Whole blood and BC tissue are taken from patients before radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Total RNA was extracted from BC tissue and whole blood to synthesize complementary DNA (cDNA). The expression of MIAT, FOXO3a, and miRNA29a-3p was analyzed by the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method and the sensitivity and specificity of them were determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Bioinformatics analysis was used to understand the connections between MIAT, FOXO3a, and miRNA29a-3p in human BC to develop a ceRNA (competitive endogenous RNA) network. Results We identified that in ductal carcinoma BC tissue and whole blood, MIAT and FOXO3a were more highly expressed, whereas miRNA29a-3p was lower compared with those in nontumor samples. There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of MIAT, FOXO3a, and miRNA29a-3p in BC tissues and whole blood. Our results also proposed miRNA29a-3p as a common target between MIAT and FOXO3a, and we showed them as a ceRNA network. Conclusions This is the first study that indicates MIAT, FOXO3a, and miRNA29a-3p as a ceRNA network, and their expression was analyzed in both BC tissue and whole blood. As a preliminary assessment, our findings indicate that combined levels of MIAT, FOXO3a, and miR29a-3p may be considered as potential diagnostic bioindicator for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokufeh Razi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of
Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Mozdarani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty
of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Pradhan B, Ki JS. Biological activity of algal derived carrageenan: A comprehensive review in light of human health and disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124085. [PMID: 36948331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Carrageenans are a family of natural linear sulfated polysaccharides derived from red seaweeds and used as a common food additive. Carrageenan's properties, impact on health, and aesthetic benefits have all been studied for a long time; however, the mechanisms are still unclear. In pharmaceutical aspects, carrageenan displayed potential antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties in both in vivo and in vitro action. It also contributes to potential disease-preventive activities through dynamic modulation of important intracellular signaling pathways, regulation of ROS buildup, and preservation of major cell survival and death processes which leads to potential drug development. Furthermore, the chemical synthesis of the current bioactive medicine with confirmational rearrangement may increase availability and bioactivity needs diligent examination. In this review, we give an up-to-date overview of recent research on Carrageenan with reference to health and therapeutic advantages. In addition, we have focused on structural conformation and its primary strategic deployment in disease prevention, as well as the mechanistic investigation of how it functions to combat various disease-preventive employed for future therapeutic interventions. This review may get new insights into the possible novel role of carrageenan and open up a novel disease-preventive mechanism and enhance human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Pradhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, AIPH University, Bhubaneswar 752101, Odisha, India
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Blackberry-Loaded AgNPs Attenuate Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030419. [PMID: 36984859 PMCID: PMC10051224 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a pathophysiological insult that often occurs during liver surgery. Blackberry leaves are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Aims: To achieve site-specific delivery of blackberry leaves extract (BBE) loaded AgNPs to the hepatocyte in IRI and to verify possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: IRI was induced in male Wister rats. Liver injury, hepatic histology, oxidative stress markers, hepatic expression of apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated. Non-targeted metabolomics for chemical characterization of blackberry leaves extract was performed. Key findings: Pre-treatment with BBE protected against the deterioration caused by I/R, depicted by a significant improvement of liver functions and structure, as well as reduction of oxidative stress with a concomitant increase in antioxidants. Additionally, BBE promoted phosphorylation of antiapoptotic proteins; PI3K, Akt and mTOR, while apoptotic proteins; Bax, Casp-9 and cleaved Casp-3 expressions were decreased. LC-HRMS-based metabolomics identified a range of metabolites, mainly flavonoids and anthocyanins. Upon comprehensive virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation, the major annotated anthocyanins, cyanidin and pelargonidin glucosides, were suggested to act as PLA2 inhibitors. Significance: BBE can ameliorate hepatic IRI augmented by BBE-AgNPs nano-formulation via suppressing, oxidative stress and apoptosis as well as stimulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Seaweed-Derived Sulfated Polysaccharides; The New Age Chemopreventives: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030715. [PMID: 36765670 PMCID: PMC9913163 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed-derived bioactive compounds are regularly employed to treat human diseases. Sulfated polysaccharides are potent chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive medications since it has been discovered. They have exhibited anti-cancer properties by enhancing immunity and driving apoptosis. Through dynamic modulation of critical intracellular signalling pathways, such as control of ROS generation and preservation of essential cell survival and death processes, sulfated polysaccharides' antioxidant and immunomodulatory potentials contribute to their disease-preventive effectiveness. Sulfated polysaccharides provide low cytotoxicity and good efficacy therapeutic outcomes via dynamic modulation of apoptosis in cancer. Understanding how sulfated polysaccharides affect human cancer cells and their molecular involvement in cell death pathways will showcase a new way of chemoprevention. In this review, the significance of apoptosis and autophagy-modulating sulfated polysaccharides has been emphasized, as well as the future direction of enhanced nano-formulation for greater clinical efficacy. Moreover, this review focuses on the recent findings about the possible mechanisms of chemotherapeutic use of sulfated polysaccharides, their potential as anti-cancer drugs, and proposed mechanisms of action to drive apoptosis in diverse malignancies. Because of their unique physicochemical and biological properties, sulfated polysaccharides are ideal for their bioactive ingredients, which can improve function and application in disease. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the physicochemical properties and functionalities of sulfated polysaccharides and the use of sulfated polysaccharide-based delivery systems in functional cancer. Furthermore, the preclinical and clinical trials will reveal the drug's efficacy in cancer.
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Kundu S, Singh S. What Happens in TBI? A Wide Talk on Animal Models and Future Perspective. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1139-1164. [PMID: 35794772 PMCID: PMC10286592 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220706094248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global healthcare concern and a leading cause of death. The most common causes of TBI include road accidents, sports injuries, violence in warzones, and falls. TBI induces neuronal cell death independent of age, gender, and genetic background. TBI survivor patients often experience long-term behavioral changes like cognitive and emotional changes. TBI affects social activity, reducing the quality and duration of life. Over the last 40 years, several rodent models have been developed to mimic different clinical outcomes of human TBI for a better understanding of pathophysiology and to check the efficacy of drugs used for TBI. However, promising neuroprotective approaches that have been used preclinically have been found to be less beneficial in clinical trials. So, there is an urgent need to find a suitable animal model for establishing a new therapeutic intervention useful for TBI. In this review, we have demonstrated the etiology of TBI and post- TBI social life alteration, and also discussed various preclinical TBI models of rodents, zebrafish, and drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyabrata Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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Chrysophanol-Induced Autophagy Disrupts Apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 59:medicina59010042. [PMID: 36676666 PMCID: PMC9864245 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Natural products are necessary sources for drug discovery and have contributed to cancer chemotherapy over the past few decades. Furthermore, substances derived from plants have fewer side effects. Chrysophanol is an anthraquinone derivative that is isolated from rhubarb. Although the anticancer effect of chrysophanol on several cancer cells has been reported, studies on the antitumor effect of chrysophanol on oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells have yet to be elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of chrysophanol on OSCC cells (CAL-27 and Ca9-22) via apoptosis and autophagy, among the cell death pathways. Results: It was found that chrysophanol inhibited the growth and viability of CAL-27 and Ca9-22 and induced apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway. It was also found that chrysophanol activates autophagy-related factors (ATG5, beclin-1, and P62/SQSTM1) and LC3B conversion. That is, chrysophanol activated both apoptosis and autophagy. Here, we focused on the roles of chrysophanol-induced apoptosis and the autophagy pathway. When the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and PI3K/Akt inhibitor were used to inhibit the autophagy induced by chrysophanol, it was confirmed that the rate of apoptosis significantly increased. Therefore, we confirmed that chrysophanol induces apoptosis and autophagy at the same time, and the induced autophagy plays a role in interfering with apoptosis processes. Conclusions: Therefore, the potential of chrysophanol as an excellent anticancer agent in OSCC was confirmed via this study. Furthermore, the combined treatment of drugs that can inhibit chrysophanol-induced autophagy is expected to have a tremendous synergistic effect in overcoming oral cancer.
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Ahmed SA, Mendonca P, Elhag R, Soliman KFA. Anticancer Effects of Fucoxanthin through Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Induction, Angiogenesis Inhibition, and Autophagy Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16091. [PMID: 36555740 PMCID: PMC9785196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer accounts for one in seven deaths worldwide and is the second leading cause of death in the United States, after heart disease. One of the standard cancer treatments is chemotherapy which sometimes can lead to chemoresistance and treatment failure. Therefore, there is a great need for novel therapeutic approaches to treat these patients. Novel natural products have exhibited anticancer effects that may be beneficial in treating many kinds of cancer, having fewer side effects, low toxicity, and affordability. Numerous marine natural compounds have been found to inhibit molecular events and signaling pathways associated with various stages of cancer development. Fucoxanthin is a well-known marine carotenoid of the xanthophyll family with bioactive compounds. It is profusely found in brown seaweeds, providing more than 10% of the total creation of natural carotenoids. Fucoxanthin is found in edible brown seaweed macroalgae such as Undaria pinnatifida, Laminaria japonica, and Eisenia bicyclis. Many of fucoxanthin's pharmacological properties include antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anticancer, and antihypertensive effects. Fucoxanthin inhibits many cancer cell lines' proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, it modulates miRNA and induces cell cycle growth arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. Moreover, the literature shows fucoxanthin's ability to inhibit cytokines and growth factors such as TNF-α and VEGF, which stimulates the activation of downstream signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt autophagy, and pathways of apoptosis. This review highlights the different critical mechanisms by which fucoxanthin inhibits diverse cancer types, such as breast, prostate, gastric, lung, and bladder development and progression. Moreover, this article reviews the existing literature and provides critical supportive evidence for fucoxanthin's possible therapeutic use in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shade’ A. Ahmed
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Rashid Elhag
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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Puja AM, Xu X, Wang R, Kim H, Kim YJ. Ginsenoside compound K-loaded gold nanoparticles synthesized from Curtobacterium proimmune K3 exerts anti-gastric cancer effect via promoting PI3K/Akt-mediated apoptosis. Cancer Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Compound K (CK) is the minor ginsenoside present in fermented Panax ginseng extract. Despite the pharmacological efficacy of CK, its industrial use has been restricted due to its low water solubility and poor permeability. To overcome this defect, our study was to synthesize gold nanoparticles from CK (CK-AuNPs) to investigate their potential as anticancer candidates.
Methods
To biologically synthesize CK-AuNPs, a novel strain, Curtobacterium proimmune K3, was isolated from fermented ginseng beverage, then combined with CK and gold salts to biosynthesize gold nanoparticles (CurtoCK-AuNPs). Their physicochemical characteristics were evaluated using UV–Vis spectrometry, FE-TEM, EDX, elemental mapping, XRD, SAED, DLS and TGA.
Results
CurtoCK-AuNPs exerted significant selective cytotoxic effects on AGS human gastric cancer cells. Fluorescence staining with Hoechst, propidium iodide, and MitoTracker demonstrated that CurtoCK-AuNPs induce apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting analyses showed that cytotoxic effect of CurtoCK-AuNPs were involved in apoptosis, based on their activation of Bax/Bcl-2, cytochrome c, caspase 9, and caspase 3, as well as their suppression of PI3K–Akt signaling.
Conclusion
Our findings provide data for understanding the molecular mechanisms of nanoparticles; thus, providing insight into the development of alternative medications based on gold nanoparticles of ginseng-derived CK.
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Petsri K, Thongsom S, Racha S, Chamni S, Jindapol S, Kaekratoke N, Zou H, Chanvorachote P. Novel mechanism of napabucasin, a naturally derived furanonaphthoquinone: apoptosis and autophagy induction in lung cancer cells through direct targeting on Akt/mTOR proteins. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:250. [PMID: 36180880 PMCID: PMC9524025 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Akt and mTOR are aberrantly activated in cancers and targeting these proteins are interesting for cancer drug discovery. Napabucasin (NB), a phytochemical compound, has been reported as potential anti-cancer agent, however, Akt and mTOR targeting mechanisms remain unclear. Method Apoptosis induction was investigated by Hoechst 33342/PI double staining and annexin V/PI staining with flowcytometry. Autophagy was evaluated by monodansylcadaverine staining and Western blot analysis. Binding affinity of NB and essential signaling proteins (PI3K, Akt, and mTOR) was investigated using molecular docking and confirmed by Western blot analysis. Result A structure modification from changing methyl moiety of acetyl group of NB to hydroxyl moiety of carboxyl group of NB derivative (napabucasin-acid or NB-acid) greatly affected the compound activities. NB showed more potent anti-cancer activity. NB reduced cell viability with an approximately 20 times lower IC50 and inhibited the colony formation capacity much more than NB-acid treated cells. NB induced cell apoptosis, which was accompanied by decrease Bcl‑2 and Mcl-1 and clevage of PARP, while NB-acid show lesser effect on Mcl-1. NB was found to strongly induce autophagy indicated by acidic vesicle staining and the LC3B conversion. Interestingly, computational molecular docking analysis further demonstrated that NB directly bound to Akt and mTOR (complex 1 and 2) proteins at their critical sites indicating that NB targets the upstream regulators of apoptosis and autophagy. The docking results were confirmed by decrease of p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/mTOR, and c-Myc a downstream target of Akt protein levels. Conclusion Results show for the first time that NB exerts an anti-cancer activity through the direct interaction to Akt and mTOR proteins. The methyl moiety of acetyl group of NB is required for its potent anti-cancer activities. These data encourage further development of NB compounds for Akt and mTOR driven cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03727-6.
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Morais SR, K C, Jeyabalan S, Wong LS, Sekar M, Chidambaram K, Gan SH, Begum MY, Izzati Mat Rani NN, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria S, Fuloria NK, Safi SZ, Sathasivam KV, Selvaraj S, Sharma VK. Anticancer potential of Spirastrella pachyspira (marine sponge) against SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cell line and in silico analysis of its bioactive molecule sphingosine. FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE 2022; 9. [DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.950880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
The rate of breast cancer is rapidly increasing and discovering medications with therapeutic effects play a significant role in women’s health. Drugs derived from marine sponges have recently received FDA approval for the treatment of malignant tumors, including metastatic breast cancer. Spirastrella pachyspira (marine sponge) is mainly obtained from the western coastal region of India, and its anticancer potential has not been explored. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of Spirastrella pachyspira extracts and its bioactive molecule sphingosine. The extracts were prepared using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The cytotoxic potential of the extracts were determined by an in-vitro MTT assay using SK-BR-3 cancer cell line. Subsequently, acute toxicity investigation was conducted in Swiss albino mice. Then, the anticancer effects of the extract was investigated in a xenograft model of SK-BR-3 caused breast cancer. DAPI staining was used to assess the extract’s ability to induce apoptosis. In addition, in-silico study was conducted on sphingosine with extracellular site of HER2. The ethyl acetate extract of Spirastrella pachyspira (IC50: 0.04 µg/ml) showed comparable anticancer effects with standard doxorubicin (IC50: 0.054 µg/ml). The LD50 of the extracts in acute toxicity testing was fund to be 2000 mg/kg b.wt. The survival index of mice in ethanol extract was 83.33%, whereas that of standard doxirubicin was 100%, indicating that ethyl acetate extract Spirastrella pachyspira has good antiproliferative/cytotoxic properties. The results were well comparable with standard doxorubicin. Further, the docking studies of sphingosine against HER2 demonstrated that the bioactive molecule engage with the extracellular region of HER2 and block the protein as also shown by standard trastuzumab. The findings of this research suggest that Spirastrella pachyspira and sphingosine may be potential candidate for the treatments of breast cancer, particularly for HER2 positive cells. Overall, the present results demonstrate that sphingosine looks like a promising molecule for the development of new drugs for the treatment of cancer. However, in order to carefully define the sphingosine risk-benefit ratio, future research should focus on evaluating in-vivo and clinical anticancer studies. This will involve balancing both their broad-spectrum effectiveness and their toxicity.
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Green Nano-Biotechnology: A New Sustainable Paradigm to Control Dengue Infection. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:3994340. [PMID: 35979184 PMCID: PMC9377959 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3994340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a growing mosquito-borne viral disease prevalent in 128 countries, while 3.9 billion people are at high risk of acquiring the infection. With no specific treatment available, the only way to mitigate the risk of dengue infection is through controlling of vector, i.e., Aedes aegypti. Nanotechnology-based prevention strategies like biopesticides with nanoformulation are now getting popular for preventing dengue fever. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by an eco-friendly process, through extracts of medicinal plants have indicated potential anti-dengue applications. Green synthesis of metal NPs is simple, cost-effective, and devoid of hazardous wastes. The recent progress in the phyto-synthesized multifunctional metal NPs for anti-dengue applications has encouraged us to review the available literature and mechanistic aspects of the dengue control using green-synthesized NPs. Furthermore, the molecular bases of the viral inhibition through NPs and the nontarget impacts or hazards with reference to the environmental integrity are discussed in depth. Till date, major focus has been on green synthesis of silver and gold NPs, which need further extension to other innovative composite nanomaterials. Further detailed mechanistic studies are required to critically evaluate the mechanistic insights during the synthesis of the biogenic NPs. Likewise, detailed analysis of the toxicological aspects of NPs and their long-term impact in the environment should be critically assessed.
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Punpai S, Saenkham A, Jarintanan F, Jongrungruangchok S, Choowongkomon K, Suksamrarn S, Tanechpongtamb W. HDAC inhibitor cowanin extracted from G. fusca induces apoptosis and autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in Jurkat cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112577. [PMID: 35078092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowanin, a xanthone derivative extracted from the Garcinia fusca plant, has been recognized for various biological activities including, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. However, the mechanism to induce cancer cell death in cancer cells remains to be fully elucidated. Our previous report showed that other xanthones from these plants could act as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), so we deeply analyzed the role of cowanin, a major compound of G.fusca, and investigated through the mode of cell death both apoptosis and autophagy that have never been reported. As a result, it was demonstrated that cowanin indicated the role of HDACi as other xanthones. The molecular docking analysis showed that cowanin could interact within the catalytic pocket region of HDAC class I (HDAC2, 8) and II (HDAC4, 7) proteins and inhibit their activity. Also, the level of protein expression of HDAC2, 4, 7, and 8 was distinctly decreased, and the level of histone H3 and H4 acetylation increased in cowanin treated cells. For the mode of cell death, cowanin demonstrated both apoptosis and autophagy activation in Jurkat cells. Besides, cowanin significantly suppressed phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR signaling. Therefore, these findings revealed that cowanin represents a new promising candidate for development as an anticancer agent by inducing apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and effectively inhibiting HDAC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdiphong Punpai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Audchara Saenkham
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | | | | | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Departmentof Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10903, Thailand
| | - Sunit Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Wanlaya Tanechpongtamb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.
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Aydın B, Gören MZ, Kanlı Z, Cabadak H. Cross-Talk of Cholinergic and β-Adrenergic Receptor Signalling in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:515-524. [PMID: 35088452 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In many studies on breast, skin, and intestinal cancers, beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists have been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and angiogenesis and increase apoptosis in cancers. Carbachol inhibits chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cell proliferation. Beta-blockers are known to inhibit cell progression. The aim of this study, explain the mechanism of action of beta-adrenergic receptors agonists and antagonists on apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. We tried to determine the effect of combined treatment of beta-adrenergic and cholinergic drugs on Adrenergic β1 and β2 gene expression, cell proliferation and apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Cell proliferation was evaluated by the BrdU incorporation kit. Caspase 3, 8, 9 activities were measured by the caspase-assay kit. Protein expression level detected by western blotting. We found that exposure to propranolol either by combination with carbachol facilitates additive effects on inhibition of caspase 3 and 8 expression in chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. But caspase 9 expression level was increased by propranolol alone or with propranolol and Carbachol combination. The combined therapy of cholinergic and adrenergic receptor drugs will decrease cell proliferation in K562 cells. This decrease in cell proliferation may be mediated by the mitochondrial dependent intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Aydın
- Department of Biophysics, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zafer Gören
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Zehra Kanlı
- Department of Biophysics, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Hülya Cabadak
- Department of Biophysics, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Maltepe, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
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22
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Foresight regarding drug candidates acting on the succinate-GPR91 signalling pathway for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112298. [PMID: 34649219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, with a histological spectrum from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can evolve into progressive liver fibrosis and eventually lead to liver cirrhosis. The pathological mechanism of NASH is multifactorial, involving a series of metabolic disorders and changes that trigger low-level inflammation in the liver and other organs. In the pathogenesis of NASH, the signal transduction pathway involving succinate and the succinate receptor (G-protein-coupled receptor 91, GPR91) regulates inflammatory cell activation and liver fibrosis. This review describes the mechanism of the succinate-GPR91 signalling pathway in NASH and summarizes the drugs that act on this pathway, with the aim of providing a new approach to NASH treatment.
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Erekat NS. Apoptosis and its therapeutic implications in neurodegenerative diseases. Clin Anat 2021; 35:65-78. [PMID: 34558138 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by progressive loss of particular populations of neurons. Apoptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this review, we focus on the existing notions relevant to comprehending the apoptotic death process, including the morphological features, mediators and regulators of cellular apoptosis. We also highlight the evidence of neuronal apoptotic death in Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Additionally, we present evidence of potential therapeutic agents that could modify the apoptotic pathway in the aforementioned neurodegenerative diseases and delay disease progression. Finally, we review the clinical trials that were conducted to evaluate the use of anti-apoptotic drugs in the treatment of the aforementioned neurodegenerative diseases, in order to highlight the essential need for early detection and intervention of neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour S Erekat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Krill JL, Dawson-Scully K. Characterization of a novel stimulus-induced glial calcium wave in Drosophila larval peripheral segmental nerves and its role in PKG-modulated thermoprotection. J Neurogenet 2021; 35:221-235. [PMID: 34309496 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2021.1941945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Insects, as poikilotherms, have adaptations to deal with wide ranges in temperature fluctuation. Allelic variations in the foraging gene that encodes a cGMP dependent protein kinase, were discovered to have effects on behavior in Drosophila by Dr. Marla Sokolowski in 1980. This single gene has many pleiotropic effects and influences feeding behavior, metabolic storage, learning and memory and has been shown to affect stress tolerance. PKG regulation affects motoneuronal thermotolerance in Drosophila larvae as well as adults. While the focus of thermotolerance studies has been on the modulation of neuronal function, other cell types have been overlooked. Because glia are vital to neuronal function and survival, we wanted to determine if glia play a role in thermotolerance as well. In our investigation, we discovered a novel calcium wave at the larval NMJ and set out to characterize the wave's dynamics and the potential mechanism underlying the wave prior to determining what effect, if any, PKG modulation has on the thermotolerance of glia cells. Using pharmacology, we determined that calcium buffering mechanisms of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum play a role in the propagation of our novel glial calcium wave. By coupling pharmacology with genetic manipulation using RNA interference (RNAi), we found that PKG modulation in glia alters thermoprotection of function as well as glial calcium wave dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Krill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
| | - Ken Dawson-Scully
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
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Stemness-Suppressive Effect of Bibenzyl from Dendrobium ellipsophyllum in Human Lung Cancer Stem-Like Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5516655. [PMID: 34349823 PMCID: PMC8328707 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5516655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are key mediators driving tumor initiation, metastasis, therapeutic failure, and subsequent cancer relapse. Thus, targeting CSCs has recently emerged as a potential strategy to improve chemotherapy. In this study, the anticancer activity and stemness-regulating capacity of 4,5,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxybibenzyl (TDB), a bibenzyl extracted from Dendrobium ellipsophyllum, are revealed in CSCs of various human lung cancer cells. Culture with TDB (5-10 μM) strongly abolished tumor-initiating cells in lung cancer H460, H23, and A549 cells in both anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent colony formation assays. Through the 3D single-spheroid formation model, attenuation of self-renewal capacity was observed in CSC-enriched populations treated with 1-10 μM TDB for 7 days. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed the attenuation of %cell overexpressing CD133, a CSC biomarker, in TDB-treated lung cancer spheroids. TDB at 5-10 μM remarkably suppressed regulatory signals of p-Akt/Akt, p-GSK3β/GSK3β, and β-catenin corresponding to the downregulated mRNA level of stemness transcription factors including Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2. Moreover, the antiapoptosis Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins, which are downstream molecules of Akt signaling, were evidently decreased in CSC-enriched spheroids after culture with TDB (1-10 μM) for 24 h. Interestingly, the diminution of Akt expression by specific siAkt effectively reversed suppressive activity of TDB targeting on the CSC phenotype in human lung cancer cells. These findings provide promising evidence of the inhibitory effect of TDB against lung CSCs via suppression of Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin cascade and related proteins, which would facilitate the development of this bibenzyl natural compound as a novel CSC-targeted therapeutic approach for lung cancer treatment.
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Pan YH, Chen J, Sun C, Ma JF, Li X. Effect of Ras-guanine nucleotide release factor 1-mediated H-Ras/ERK signaling pathway on glioma. Brain Res 2021; 1754:147247. [PMID: 33412149 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the function of Ras-guanine nucleotide release factor 1 (Ras-GRF1) in glioma through mediating H-Ras/ERK signaling pathway. METHODS Ras-GRF1, H-Ras, K-Ras and N-Ras expressions in glioma and normal brain tissues were detected via Immunohistochemistry. Glioma cells (U87 cells, U251 cells and primary human glioma cells) were transfected with Ras-GRF1 siRNA, H-Ras siRNA and/or Ras-GRF1 lentivirus activation particles. Then, the following aspects were evaluated: cell proliferation by MTT assay, clonogenic ability by the plate clone formation experiment, cell migration and invasion by Wound-healing and Transwell assays, and cell apoptosis by Annexin-V-FITC/PI staining. The protein expressions were measured by Western blotting. Subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse models of glioma were conducted to determine the role of Ras-GRF1 in glioma tumorigenesis. RESULTS Ras-GRF1, H-Ras, K-Ras and N-Ras expressions were upregulated in the glioma tissues, which were correlated with the WHO grade of glioma. Besides, Ras-GRF1 expression was positively related to H-Ras expression. Ras-GRF1 siRNA could reduce the expression of H-Ras and p-ERK/ERK in glioma cell. H-Ras siRNA inhibited the proliferation, clone formation, migration and invasion, and enhance the apoptosis of glioma cells, which, however, were reversed by Ras-GRF1 lentivirus activation particles. In vivo experiments also revealed that Ras-GRF1 shRNA reduced the volume and weight of the tumors in the nude mice, with down-regulations of H-Ras and p-ERK/ERK. CONCLUSION Ras-GRF1 was upregulated in glioma tissues and correlated with its malignancy and prognosis. Silencing Ras-GRF1, through mediating H-Ras/ERK pathway, may suppress the growth and metastasis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Heng Pan
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Cui Sun
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Ji-Fen Ma
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Xia Li
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuro-oncology Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China.
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Mirshahidi S, Shields TG, de Necochea-Campion R, Yuan X, Janjua A, Williams NL, Mirshahidi HR, Reeves ME, Duerksen-Hughes P, Zuckerman LM. Bupivacaine and Lidocaine Induce Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Tumor Cells. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2021; 479:180-194. [PMID: 33009230 PMCID: PMC7899706 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000001510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer in adolescents. There have been no significant improvements in outcomes since chemotherapy was first introduced. Bupivacaine and lidocaine have been shown to be toxic to certain malignancies. This study evaluates the effect of these medications on two osteosarcoma cell lines. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) Does incubation of osteosarcoma cells with bupivacaine or lidocaine result in cell death? (2) Does this result from an apoptotic mechanism? (3) Is a specific apoptotic pathway implicated? METHODS Two cell lines were chosen to account for the inherent heterogeneity of osteosarcoma. UMR-108 is a transplantable cell line that has been used in multiple studies as a primary tumor. MNNG/HOS has a high metastatic rate in vivo. Both cell lines were exposed bupivacaine (0.27, 0.54, 1.08, 2.16, 4.33 and 8.66 mM) and lidocaine (0.66, 1.33, 5.33, 10.66, 21.32 and 42.64 mM) for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. These concentrations were determined by preliminary experiments that found the median effective dose was 1.4 mM for bupivacaine and 7.0 mM for lidocaine in both cell lines. Microculture tetrazolium and colony formation assay determined whether cell death occurred. Apoptosis induction was evaluated by phase-contrast micrographs, flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The underlying pathways were analyzed by protein electrophoresis and Western blot. All testing was performed in triplicate and compared with pH-adjusted controls. Quantitative results were analyzed without blinding. RESULTS Both medications caused cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Exposure to bupivacaine for 24 hours reduced viability of UMR-108 cells by 6 ± 0.75% (95% CI 2.9 to 9.11; p = 0.01) at 1.08 mM and 89.67 ± 1.5% (95% CI 82.2 to 95.5; p < 0.001) at 2.16 mM. Under the same conditions, MNNG/HOS viability was decreased in a similar fashion. After 24 hours, the viability of UMR-108 and MNNG/HOS cells exposed to 5.33 mM of lidocaine decreased by 25.33 ± 8.3% (95% CI 2.1 to 48.49; p = 0.03) and 39.33 ± 3.19% (95% CI 30.46 to 48.21; p < 0.001), respectively, and by 90.67 ± 0.66% (95% CI 88.82 to 92.52; p < 0.001) and 81.6 ± 0.47% (95% CI 79.69 to 82.31; p < 0.001) at 10.66 mM, respectively. After 72 hours, the viability of both cell lines was further reduced. Cell death was consistent with apoptosis based on cell morphology, total number of apoptotic cells and DNA fragmentation. The percentage increase of apoptotic UMR-108 and MNNG/HOS cells confirmed by Annexin-V positivity compared with controls was 21.3 ± 2.82 (95% CI 16.25 to 26.48; p < 0.001) and 21.23 ± 3.23% (95% CI 12.2 to 30.2; p = 0.003) for bupivacaine at 1.08 mM and 25.15 ± 4.38 (95% CI 12.9 to 37.3; p = 0.004) and 9.11 ± 1.74 (95% CI 4.35 to 13.87; p = 0.006) for lidocaine at 5.33 mM. The intrinsic apoptotic pathway was involved as the expression of Bcl-2 and survivin were down-regulated, and Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 were increased. ROS production increased in the UMR-108 cells but was decreased in the MNNG/HOS cells. CONCLUSION These findings provide a basis for evaluating these medications in the in vivo setting. Studies should be performed in small animals to determine if clinically relevant doses have a similar effect in vivo. In humans, biopsies could be performed with standard doses of these medications to see if there is a difference in biopsy tract contamination on definitive resection. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bupivacaine and lidocaine could potentially be used for their ability to induce and enhance apoptosis in local osteosarcoma treatment. Outcome data when these medications are used routinely during osteosarcoma treatment can be evaluated compared with controls. Further small animal studies should be performed to determine if injection into the tumor, isolated limb perfusion, or other modalities of treatment are viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saied Mirshahidi
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Troy G Shields
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rosalia de Necochea-Campion
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xiangpeng Yuan
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ata Janjua
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Nadine L Williams
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Hamid R Mirshahidi
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mark E Reeves
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Penelope Duerksen-Hughes
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lee M Zuckerman
- S. Mirshahidi, R. de Necochea-Campion, A. Janjua, Biospecimen Laboratory, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- T. G. Shields, N. L. Williams, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- X. Yuan, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- H. R. Mirshahidi Department of Medical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- M. E. Reeves Department of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- P. Duerksen-Hughes, Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
- L. M. Zuckerman, Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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Pradhan B, Nayak R, Patra S, Jit BP, Ragusa A, Jena M. Bioactive Metabolites from Marine Algae as Potent Pharmacophores against Oxidative Stress-Associated Human Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2020; 26:E37. [PMID: 33374738 PMCID: PMC7793479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to cancer and diabetes, inflammatory and ROS-related diseases represent one of the major health problems worldwide. Currently, several synthetic drugs are used to reduce oxidative stress; nevertheless, these approaches often have side effects. Therefore, to overcome these issues, the search for alternative therapies has gained importance in recent times. Natural bioactive compounds have represented, and they still do, an important source of drugs with high therapeutic efficacy. In the ''synthetic'' era, terrestrial and aquatic photosynthetic organisms have been shown to be an essential source of natural compounds, some of which might play a leading role in pharmaceutical drug development. Marine organisms constitute nearly half of the worldwide biodiversity. In the marine environment, algae, seaweeds, and seagrasses are the first reported sources of marine natural products for discovering novel pharmacophores. The algal bioactive compounds are a potential source of novel antioxidant and anticancer (through modulation of the cell cycle, metastasis, and apoptosis) compounds. Secondary metabolites in marine Algae, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, could have great therapeutic implications against several diseases. In this context, this review focuses on the diversity of functional compounds extracted from algae and their potential beneficial effects in fighting cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Pradhan
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Brahmapur 760007, India; (B.P.); (R.N.)
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Brahmapur 760007, India; (B.P.); (R.N.)
| | - Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769001, India;
| | - Bimal Prasad Jit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Science, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110023, India;
| | - Andrea Ragusa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- CNR-Nanotec, Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Brahmapur 760007, India; (B.P.); (R.N.)
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Rajendran K, Chellappan DR, Sankaranarayanan S, Ramakrishnan V, Krishnan UM. Investigations on a polyherbal formulation for treatment of cognitive impairment in a cholinergic dysfunctional rodent model. Neurochem Int 2020; 141:104890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Beeby E, Magalhães M, Poças J, Collins T, Lemos MFL, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR, Cabral C, Pires IM. Secondary metabolites (essential oils) from sand-dune plants induce cytotoxic effects in cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112803. [PMID: 32251759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Despite advances in modern therapeutic strategies, cancer remains the second leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, there is a constant need to develop more efficient anticancer targeting strategies. The anticancer therapeutic proprieties of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds have been reported for several years, making natural extracts and/or compounds derived from these a promising source of novel anticancer agents. Sand dune plants are subjected to severe environmental stresses, leading to the development of adaptations, including the production of secondary metabolites with a wide range of bioactivities, such as: anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic, hypoglycaemic, hypotensive, antinociceptive, antioxidant and anticancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The anticancer potential of sand dune plants remains under-investigated, so this research describes the characterisation of the composition of bioactive EOs from sand-dune plants of Peniche (Portugal), and assessment of their activity in vitro and potential mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS EOs were extracted from six sand-dune species of plants from Peniche sand dunes: Crithmum maritimum L., Seseli tortuosum L., Artemisia campestris subsp. maritima (DC.) Arcang., Juniperus phoenicea var. turbinata (Guss.) Parl., Otanthus maritimus (L.) Hoffmanns. & Link, and Eryngium maritimum L.. EOs composition was fully characterised chemically using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The assessment of anticancer activity and mechanism of action was performed in vitro using breast and colorectal cancer 2D and 3D spheroid cell line models, through cell proliferation assay, western blotting analysis, and cell cycle analysis. RESULTS EOs from the majority of the species tested (S. tortuosum, A. campestris subsp. maritima, O. maritimus, and E. maritimum) were mainly composed by hydrocarbon compounds (sequisterpenes and monoterpenes), showing antiproliferative activity in both 2D and 3D models. EO extracted from S. tortuosum and O. maritimus were identified as having the lowest IC50 values for both cell lines when compared with the other species tested. Furthermore, this antiproliferative activity was associated with increased p21 expression and induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that EOs extracted from S. tortuosum and O. maritimus present promising cytotoxic properties. Further evaluation of the extracts and their key components as potential anticancer agents should therefore be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Beeby
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Mariana Magalhães
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juliana Poças
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK; MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, ESTM, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Thomas Collins
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, ESTM, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Célia Cabral
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Isabel M Pires
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
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Hsu SK, Chang WT, Lin IL, Chen YF, Padalwar NB, Cheng KC, Teng YN, Wang CH, Chiu CC. The Role of Necroptosis in ROS-Mediated Cancer Therapies and Its Promising Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2185. [PMID: 32764483 PMCID: PMC7465132 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, promising therapies targeting different signaling pathways have emerged. Among these pathways, apoptosis has been well investigated and targeted to design diverse chemotherapies. However, some patients are chemoresistant to these therapies due to compromised apoptotic cell death. Hence, exploring alternative treatments aimed at different mechanisms of cell death seems to be a potential strategy for bypassing impaired apoptotic cell death. Emerging evidence has shown that necroptosis, a caspase-independent form of cell death with features between apoptosis and necrosis, can overcome the predicament of drug resistance. Furthermore, previous studies have also indicated that there is a close correlation between necroptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS); both necroptosis and ROS play significant roles both under human physiological conditions such as the regulation of inflammation and in cancer biology. Several small molecules used in experiments and clinical practice eliminate cancer cells via the modulation of ROS and necroptosis. The molecular mechanisms of these promising therapies are discussed in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Fung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Nitin Balkrushna Padalwar
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620015, Tamilnadu, India;
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiaokang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ni Teng
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 700, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Huei Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- The Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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32
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Coskun ZM, Ersoz M, Gecili M, Ozden A, Acar A. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of ethanolic propolis extract on C6 glioma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:768-773. [PMID: 32061154 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a natural resinous substance obtained from beehives, and emerging evidence supports that it has antitumor, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. The aim of the study is to examine the cytotoxic, antioxidant, and apoptotic features of ethanolic propolis extract (PE) on C6 glioma cells. The cells were treated with ethanolic PE at various concentrations for 24 hours, after which the total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status; malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and glutathione (GSH) levels; Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) activity; and apoptotic markers were measured. Ethanolic PE at 100, 250, and 500 μg/mL concentrations showed optimal activity on C6 glioma cells. TAS and GSH levels were significantly increased in C6 glioma cells treated with 100 and 500 μg/mL PE compared to control cells (P < .05). Similarly, the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD was higher in C6 glioma cells treated with 250 or 500 μg/mL ethanolic PE compared to control cells (P < .05), as was the caspase-3 mRNA expression level. The highest levels of caspase-8 and -9 expression were in C6 glioma cells treated with 500 μg/mL PE. Collectively, our results indicate that ethanolic PE has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on C6 glioma cells. Furthermore, it may provide a protective role in the antioxidant defense system. PE shows potential for development as a natural antioxidant and apoptotic agent for the treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep M Coskun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Ersoz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Gecili
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aytek Ozden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aynur Acar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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33
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Gao C, Sun X, Wu Z, Yuan H, Han H, Huang H, Shu Y, Xu M, Gao R, Li S, Zhang J, Tian J. A Novel Benzofuran Derivative Moracin N Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis Through ROS Generation in Lung Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:391. [PMID: 32477104 PMCID: PMC7235196 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The leaves of Morus alba L is a traditional Chinese medicine widely applied in lung diseases. Moracin N (MAN), a secondary metabolite extracted form the leaves of Morus alba L, is a potent anticancer agent. But its molecular mechanism remains unveiled. Objective In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of MAN on human lung cancer and reveal the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods MTT assay was conducted to measure cell viability. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was used to detect cell apoptosis. Confocal microscope was performed to determine the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Flow cytometry was performed to quantify cell death. Western blotting was used to determine the related-signaling pathway. Results In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that MAN inhibitd cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in human non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. We found that MAN treatment dysregulated mitochondrial function and led to mitochondrial apoptosis in A549 and PC9 cells. Meanwhile, MAN enhanced autophagy flux by the increase of autophagosome formation, the fusion of autophagsomes and lysosomes and lysosomal function. Moreover, mTOR signaling pathway, a classical pathway regualting autophagy, was inhibited by MAN in a time- and dose-dependent mannner, resulting in autophagy induction. Interestingly, autophagy inhibition by CQ or Atg5 knockdown attenuated cell apoptosis by MAN, indicating that autophagy serves as cell death. Furthermore, autophagy-mediated cell death by MAN can be blocked by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger NAC, indicating that ROS accumulation is the inducing factor of apoptosis and autophagy. In summary, we revealed the molecular mechanism of MAN against lung cancer through apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting that MAN might be a novel therapeutic agent for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Gao
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individual Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Clinical Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individual Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhipan Wu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huahua Yuan
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haote Han
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Huang
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Shu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruilan Gao
- Institution of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouxin Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Center for Traditional Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individual Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingkui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Center for Traditional Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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34
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Jafari A, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Farhadihosseinabadi B, Taranejoo S, Zali H. HSP90 and Co-chaperones: Impact on Tumor Progression and Prospects for Molecular-Targeted Cancer Therapy. Cancer Invest 2020; 38:310-328. [PMID: 32274949 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2020.1752227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a highly and unique chaperone, presents as a double-edged sword. It plays an essential role in many physiological and pathological processes, including tumor development. The current review highlights a recent understanding of the roles of HSP90 in molecular mechanisms underlying cancer survival and progression. HSP90 and its client proteins through the regulation of oncoproteins including signaling proteins, receptors, and transcriptional factors involved in tumorigenesis. It also has potential clinical application as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for assessing cancer progression. In this way, using HSP90 to develop new anticancer therapeutic agents including HSP90 inhibitors, anti-HSP90 antibody, and HSP90-based vaccines has been promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Proteomics Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahrouz Taranejoo
- Wellman Centre for Photomedicine, Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue engineering and applied cell, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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35
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Ramos AA, Castro-Carvalho B, Prata-Sena M, Malhão F, Buttachon S, Dethoup T, Kijjoa A, Rocha E. Can marine-derived fungus Neosartorya siamensis KUFA 0017 extract and its secondary metabolites enhance antitumor activity of doxorubicin? An in vitro survey unveils interactions against lung cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:507-517. [PMID: 31804023 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most successful anticancer drugs in use. However, chemoresistance is one of the main limitations that patients face. Therefore, development of new strategies to improve the efficacy of Dox is needed. Marine-derived fungi are especially promising sources of new anticancer compounds. In this work, antitumor activity of crude ethyl extract of the cultures of the marine-derived fungus Neosartorya siamensis KUFA 0017 (NS), combined with Dox, was evaluated in six cancer cell lines. To evaluate possible mechanisms involved in the eventual improvement of Dox's cytotoxicity by NS extract, effects on DNA damage, cell death, ultrastructural modifications, and intracellular accumulation of Dox were assessed. The NS extract demonstrated a significant enhancement of Dox's cytotoxic activity in A549 cells, inducing DNA damage, cell death, and intracellular accumulation of Dox. Additionally, the cytotoxic effect of eight compounds, isolated from this extract, that is, 2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylacetophenone-(C1), nortryptoquivaline-(C2), chevalone C-(C3), tryptoquivaline H-(C4), fiscalin A-(C5), epi-fiscalin-C (C6), epi-neofiscalin A-(C7), and epi-fiscalin A-(C8), alone and combined with Dox was also evaluated in lung cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect of Dox was potentiated by all the isolated compounds (except C1) in A549 cells. Therefore, we concluded that NS extract potentiated cytotoxicity by inhibiting cell proliferation, increasing intracellular accumulation of Dox, and inducing cell death (possibly by an autophagic process). The isolated compounds also enhanced the activity of Dox, supporting the potential of this sort of combination. These data call for further studies to characterize drug interactions and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Ramos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Castro-Carvalho
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Prata-Sena
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Malhão
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Suradet Buttachon
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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36
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Liu H, Wang X, Zhang Z, Xiao B, An B, Zhang J. Derlin-1 functions as a growth promoter in breast cancer. Biol Chem 2020; 401:377-387. [PMID: 31721721 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. Derlin-1 has been found to be overexpressed in several human cancers in addition to playing an important role in tumor processes; however, the expression patterns and functions of Derlin-1 in human breast cancer are not fully understood. In this study, we found that Derlin-1 overexpression was higher in breast cancer compared to normal samples through TCGA and GTEx database analyses. Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis showed that Derlin-1 was a predicting factor for patient prognosis. Derlin-1 expression was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer tissues (18/30, 60.00%) compared to corresponding paracancerous tissue (9/30, 30.00%, p < 0.05) as detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of Derlin-1 was correlated to pathological grading. siRNA interference of Derlin-1 inhibited cell proliferation, which is associated with the promotion of apoptosis and migration. Derlin-1 knockdown suppressed the protein levels of p-AKT and Cyclin D1 while up-regulating Caspase3 and Bax. GEPIA database analysis showed that MTDH and ATAD2 were downstream target genes, and the expression of MTDH and was suppressed in Derlin-1 knockdown cells. Taken together, our results demonstrated ATAD2 that Derlin-1 is overexpressed in breast cancer and promoted a malignant phenotype through the AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Children and Women's Healthcare of Jinan City, 12 Fengcheng West Road, Laiwu District, Jinan 271100, Shandong, China
| | - Handong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, 8 Wanyuan East Road, Laiwu District, Jinan 271100, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Yinan People's Hospital, 50 Lishan Road, Yinan 276300, Shandong, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Dongping Country People's Hospital, Dongping, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Department of Breast, Shanxian Hygeia Hospital, West Lake Road, Shanxian 274300, Shandong, China
| | - Baoming An
- Department of General Surgery, Wulian People's Hospital, 50 Limin Road, Wulian 262300, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Breast, Zhangqiu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 1463 Mingshui Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan 250200, Shandong, China
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37
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Alpha B-Crystallin Overexpression Protects Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis Through the Akt Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:751-758. [PMID: 31970633 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alpha B-crystallin (aBC), a member of the small heat shock protein family, is expressed in mature oligodendrocytes (mOLs), but not in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Our previous study found that the survival rate of OPCs was lower than that of mOLs under oxidative stress, suggesting that aBC may play a protective role in mOLs. In the present study, we investigated the effects of aBC overexpression on oxidative stress-induced cell injury in OPCs and examined the underlying mechanisms. We observed that the survival rates of aBC-overexpressed OPCs were significantly higher than those of control cells under oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. Akt activities were significantly suppressed by oxidative stress in control OPCs, but not in aBC-overexpressed OPCs. The expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased, whereas Bcl-2 expression was increased in aBC-overexpressed OPCs under oxidative stress. These findings suggest that low Akt activity in OPCs due to aBC deficiency may cause high susceptibility of OPCs to oxidative stress. The findings may provide new insights into the implication of OPCs in demyelinating diseases.
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38
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Zhou B, Wan Y, Chen R, Zhang C, Li X, Meng F, Glaser S, Wu N, Zhou T, Li S, Francis H, Alpini G, Zou P. The emerging role of cellular senescence in renal diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2087-2097. [PMID: 31916698 PMCID: PMC7011136 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence represents the state of irreversible cell cycle arrest during cell division. Cellular senescence not only plays a role in diverse biological events such as embryogenesis, tissue regeneration and repair, ageing and tumour occurrence prevention, but it is also involved in many cardiovascular, renal and liver diseases through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular senescence and its possible effects on a variety of renal diseases. We will also discuss the therapeutic approaches based on the regulation of senescent and SASP blockade, which is considered as a promising strategy for the management of renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingru Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ying Wan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xuesen Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute for Cancer Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shannon Glaser
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Nan Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Physiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Heather Francis
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ping Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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39
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Costa IM, Lima FOV, Fernandes LCB, Norrara B, Neta FI, Alves RD, Cavalcanti JRLP, Lucena EES, Cavalcante JS, Rego ACM, Filho IA, Queiroz DB, Freire MAM, Guzen FP. Astragaloside IV Supplementation Promotes A Neuroprotective Effect in Experimental Models of Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:648-665. [PMID: 30207235 PMCID: PMC6712289 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180911123341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurological disorders constitute a growing worldwide concern due to the progressive aging of the population and the risky behavior they represent. Herbal medicines have scientific relevance in the treatment of these pathol-ogies. One of these substances, Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), is the main active compound present in the root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge, a Chinese medicinal herb with neuroprotective properties. Objective: In the present study we performed a systematic review that sought to comprehend the neuroprotective effect pre-sented by AS-IV in experimental models of neurological disorders. Method: This study is a systematic review, where an electronic search in United States National Library of Medicine (Pub-Med), Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Scopus, Web of Science, Medline via Proquest and Periodicos Capes databases covering the years between 2007 and 2017, using “Astragaloside IV” and “Neurodegenerative diseases”; “Astragaloside IV” and “ Neurological disorders” as reference terms was made. Results: A total of 16 articles were identified, in which the efficacy of AS-IV was described in experimental models of Par-kinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral ischemia and autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by improving motor deficits and/or neurochemical activity, especially antioxidant systems, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that the administration of AS-IV can improve behavioral and neuro-chemical deficits largely due to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, emerging as an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ianara M Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Francisca O V Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Luciana C B Fernandes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Bianca Norrara
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Francisca I Neta
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo D Alves
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - José R L P Cavalcanti
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Eudes E S Lucena
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Jeferson S Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Amalia C M Rego
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Irami A Filho
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Dinalva B Queiroz
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Marco A M Freire
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil
| | - Fausto P Guzen
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoro/RN, Brazil.,Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal/RN, Brazil
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40
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Manogaran P, Beeraka NM, Huang CY, Vijaya Padma V. Neferine and isoliensinine enhance ‘intracellular uptake of cisplatin’ and induce ‘ROS-mediated apoptosis’ in colorectal cancer cells – A comparative study. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110652. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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41
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Duan B, Huang Y, Chen Y. Barbaloin Ameliorates the Memory in Isoflurane Induced Neuronal Injury by Regulating the BDNF/Bcl-2/PI3K Signaling Pathway. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.801.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Sadeeshkumar V, Duraikannu A, Aishwarya T, Jayaram P, Ravichandran S, Ganeshamurthy R. Radioprotective efficacy of dieckol against gamma radiation-induced cellular damage in hepatocyte cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1031-1041. [PMID: 31028451 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring antioxidants prevent or delay the harmful effect of free radical formation and radioprotection. The present study aimed to investigate the radioprotective effect of dieckol, a naturally occurring marine bioactive phenolic compound on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status, DNA damage, and inflammation in gamma-radiation-induced rat primary hepatocytes. Isolated hepatocyte cells exposed to gamma-radiation showed an increased level of lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid hydroperoxides) accompanied with the decrease in the activities of enzymatic (SOD, CAT, and GPx) and non-enzymatic (vitamin C, vitamin E, and GSH) antioxidants associated with increased DNA damage coupled with upregulation of inflammatory proteins (NF-κB and COX-2) compared to control. Treatment of dieckol (5, 10, 20 μM) reduces the γ-radiation-induced toxicity and the associated pro-oxidant and antioxidant imbalance as well as decreasing the DNA damage (tail length, tail moment, %DNA in a tail and olive tail moment) and inflammation in hepatocyte cells. These findings indicate that treatment of dieckol offers protection against γ-radiation-induced cellular damage in the liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velayutham Sadeeshkumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608 502, India. .,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India.
| | - Arul Duraikannu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine & Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Thiyagarajan Aishwarya
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Vallanadu, Tamil Nadu, 628 252, India
| | - Prithi Jayaram
- Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Ganapathichettikulam, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605 014, India
| | - Samuthrapandian Ravichandran
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608 502, India
| | - Raghunathan Ganeshamurthy
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608 502, India
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Choi EO, Hwang HJ, Choi YH. Induction of Apoptosis Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Root Extract by Inactivation of the Phosphatidyl Inositol 3-kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway in Human Leukemia U937 Cells. J Cancer Prev 2019; 24:11-19. [PMID: 30993090 PMCID: PMC6453591 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2019.24.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Labiatae) have been widely used in traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of ethanol extracts of S. baicalensis roots (EESB) on the growth ofn human leukemia U937 cells. Methods The effect of EESB on cell viability was measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. Apoptosis was determined using 4,6-diamidino-2-phenyllindile staining and flow cytometry. The effects of EESB on the expression of regulatory proteins of apoptosis and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling were determined by Western blotting. Caspase activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured using flow cytometric analysis. Results EESB significantly inhibited the growth of U937 cells and induced apoptosis, which was associated with down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax, the loss of MMP and activation of caspase-9 and -3. We also found that EESB enhanced the expression of death receptors (DRs) and their associated ligands and induced the activation of caspase-8 and truncation of Bid. In addition, EESB suppressed PI3K/Akt signaling and EESB-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition were further increased by inhibition of PI3K activity. Conclusions Our results indicated that the pro-apoptotic effect of EESB was mediated through the activation of DR-mediated intrinsic and mitochondria-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathways and inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling in U937 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ok Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-Eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Hwang
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Nursing, Healthcare Sciences & Human Ecology, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-Eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Korea
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Erianin, a novel dibenzyl compound in Dendrobium extract, inhibits bladder cancer cell growth via the mitochondrial apoptosis and JNK pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 371:41-54. [PMID: 30946863 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Erianin, a component extracted from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Dendrobium, has shown significant anti-tumour activity in various cancers but not in bladder cancer. In this study, we assessed the effects of Erianin on bladder cancer growth and elucidated the related mechanisms. First, Erianin was synthesized with high yields, and markedly suppressed EJ and T24 cell proliferation. It induced G2/M-phase arrest in vitro. Furthermore, Erianin triggered apoptosis via caspase cascades activation and the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway. Bim up-regulation and Bcl-2 down-regulation as the symbol of apoptosis which were found to play the dominant role in the effects of Erianin. We further showed that JNK pathway activation is necessary for the Erianin-mediated anti-proliferation and apoptotic response. Finally, Erianin exhibited anti-tumour activity and induced apoptosis in tumour tissue in vivo. Collectively, these results suggest that Erianin induced cell cycle G2/M-phase arrest and apoptosis via the JNK signalling pathway in bladder cancer, indicating the potential usefulness of Erianin for the therapy of bladder cancer.
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Liu C, Liu H, Wen Y, Huang H, Hao J, Lv Y, Qin R, Yang X. Aspernolide A Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Laryngeal Carcinoma Cells through the Mitochondrial Apoptotic and STAT3 Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2019; 24:E1074. [PMID: 30893785 PMCID: PMC6471715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspernolide A, a butyrolactone secondary metabolite, was purified from the endophytic fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides derived from roots of Camptotheca acuminata Decne. In this study, the antitumor activity and mechanisms of aspernolide A on human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 and TU212 cells were studied by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, morphological observation and Western blotting. The results showed that aspernolide A significantly inhibited the proliferation of Hep-2 and TU212 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. Morphological changes of apoptotic cells could be observed under an inverted microscope, such as irregular margins, decreased adherence ability and chromatin condensation. The expressions of Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) increased with the increase of dosage while Bcl-2 decreased, suggesting that the apoptotic mechanism might be related to the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Moreover, the expression of the phosphorylation of STAT3 decreased with the increase of dosage, suggesting that the apoptotic mechanism might be related to the STAT3 signaling pathway. All these conclusions indicated that aspernolide A has the potential anti-laryngocarcinoma effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yanzhang Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Huiqi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Ji Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yibing Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Rui Qin
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Baruah TJ, Kma L. Vicenin-2 acts as a radiosensitizer of the non-small cell lung cancer by lowering Akt expression. Biofactors 2019; 45:200-210. [PMID: 30496626 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a very high rate of incidence and is resistant to chemo- and radiotherapy. Vicenin-2 (VCN-2) is a flavonoid obtained from Ocimum sanctum L. and it has been reported to have radioprotective, anticancer, and radiosensitizing properties. We have conducted this study to check the effect of VCN-2 on the cell viability and the effect on PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog), PI3KCA (Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-biphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform/PI3K 110α subunit), and Akt1 when VCN-2 was used alone and in combination with radiation in the NSCLC cell line NCI-H23 (H23). We have also checked the effect of VCN-2 on various pro- and anti-apoptotic genes and the ultra-morphological changes that occurred in the cells when VCN-2 is used alone and in combination with radiation. VCN-2 was able to lower cancer cell survival and phosphorylated Akt while promoting the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and down-regulating anti-apoptotic genes. We also observed the apoptosis-associated ultra-morphological changes in the VCN-2-treated cells. Our study have demonstrated that VCN-2 can be a potential chemotherapeutic and radiosensitizing agent in NSCLC. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(2):200-210, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taranga Jyoti Baruah
- Cancer and Radiation Countermeasures Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Lakhon Kma
- Cancer and Radiation Countermeasures Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
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Rana A, Singh S, Sharma R, Kumar A. Traumatic Brain Injury Altered Normal Brain Signaling Pathways: Implications for Novel Therapeutics Approaches. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:614-629. [PMID: 30207236 PMCID: PMC6712292 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180911121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main reason of lifelong disability and casualty worldwide. In the United State alone, 1.7 million traumatic events occur yearly, out of which 50,000 results in deaths. Injury to the brain could alter various biological signaling pathways such as excitotoxicity, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis which can result in various neurological disorders such as Psychosis, Depression, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, etc. In literature, various reports have indicated the alteration of these pathways after traumatic brain injury but the exact mechanism is still unclear. Thus, in the first part of this article, we have tried to summarize TBI as a modulator of various neuronal signaling pathways. Currently, very few drugs are available in the market for the treatment of TBI and these drugs only provide the supportive care. Thus, in the second part of the article, based on TBI altered signaling pathways, we have tried to find out potential targets and promising therapeutic approaches in the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anoop Kumar
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Pharmacology, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy (ISFCP), Moga, Punjab-142001, India; Tel: +91 636 324200/324201; E-mail:
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Trejo-Solís C, Serrano-Garcia N, Escamilla-Ramírez Á, Castillo-Rodríguez RA, Jimenez-Farfan D, Palencia G, Calvillo M, Alvarez-Lemus MA, Flores-Nájera A, Cruz-Salgado A, Sotelo J. Autophagic and Apoptotic Pathways as Targets for Chemotherapy in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123773. [PMID: 30486451 PMCID: PMC6320836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant and aggressive type of brain tumor, with a mean life expectancy of less than 15 months. This is due in part to the high resistance to apoptosis and moderate resistant to autophagic cell death in glioblastoma cells, and to the poor therapeutic response to conventional therapies. Autophagic cell death represents an alternative mechanism to overcome the resistance of glioblastoma to pro-apoptosis-related therapies. Nevertheless, apoptosis induction plays a major conceptual role in several experimental studies to develop novel therapies against brain tumors. In this review, we outline the different components of the apoptotic and autophagic pathways and explore the mechanisms of resistance to these cell death pathways in glioblastoma cells. Finally, we discuss drugs with clinical and preclinical use that interfere with the mechanisms of survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and cell death of malignant cells, favoring the induction of apoptosis and autophagy, or the inhibition of the latter leading to cell death, as well as their therapeutic potential in glioma, and examine new perspectives in this promising research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solís
- Departamento de Neuroinmunología, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Norma Serrano-Garcia
- Departamento de Neuroinmunología, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Ángel Escamilla-Ramírez
- Departamento de Neuroinmunología, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Oaxaca, Secretaria de Salud, C.P. 71256 Oaxaca, Mexico.
| | | | - Dolores Jimenez-Farfan
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Guadalupe Palencia
- Departamento de Neuroinmunología, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Minerva Calvillo
- Departamento de Neuroinmunología, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Mayra A Alvarez-Lemus
- División Académica de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, C.P. 86040 Tabasco, Mexico.
| | - Athenea Flores-Nájera
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Secretaria de Salud, 14000 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Arturo Cruz-Salgado
- Departamento de Neuroinmunología, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Julio Sotelo
- Departamento de Neuroinmunología, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", C.P. 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Abstract
Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), there is currently no HIV cure and treatment is life long. HIV persists during ART due to long-lived and proliferating latently infected CD4+ T cells. One strategy to eliminate latency is to activate virus production using latency reversing agents (LRAs) with the goal of triggering cell death through virus-induced cytolysis or immune-mediated clearance. However, multiple studies have demonstrated that activation of viral transcription alone is insufficient to induce cell death and some LRAs may counteract cell death by promoting cell survival. Here, we review new approaches to induce death of latently infected cells through apoptosis and inhibition of pathways critical for cell survival, which are often hijacked by HIV proteins. Given advances in the commercial development of compounds that induce apoptosis in cancer chemotherapy, these agents could move rapidly into clinical trials, either alone or in combination with LRAs, to eliminate latent HIV infection.
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Induction of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition by α-Mangostin in MG-63 Cell Lines. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3985082. [PMID: 29853951 PMCID: PMC5944198 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3985082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common bone primary malignant tumor and nearly 30% of patients still die from osteosarcoma due to metastasis or recurrence. Thus, it is necessary to develop effective new chemotherapeutic agents for osteosarcoma treatment. α-Mangostin is a xanthone derivative shown to have antioxidant and anticarcinogen properties. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antimetastatic effects of osteosarcoma remain unclear. In metastasis progression, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process that plays important roles in development, cell polarity, and increased invasion and migration. This study focused on the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of EMT process by α-mangostin in human osteosarcoma cell line MG63. α-Mangostin treatments on MG63 cells not only showed the several lines of evidence of apoptotic cell death but also inhibited cell migration, invasion, and EMT-inducing transcription factor. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the α-mangostin induces apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway and suppresses metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting EMT.
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