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Shahror RA, Shosha E, Ji MH, Morris CA, Wild M, Zaman B, Mitchell CD, Tetelbom P, Leung YK, Phillips PH, Sallam AA, Fouda AY. Proteomic Analysis of Aqueous Humor in Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Unveiling Novel Insights Into Disease Pathophysiology. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:30. [PMID: 39163016 PMCID: PMC11343007 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.8.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ocular emergency that results from acute blockage of the blood supply to the retina and leads to a sudden vision loss. Other forms of ischemic retinopathies include diabetic retinopathy (DR), which involves chronic retinal ischemia and remains the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults. This study is the first to conduct a proteomic analysis of aqueous humor (AH) from patients with CRAO with a comparative analysis using vitreous humor (VH) samples from patients with DR. Methods AH samples were collected from 10 patients with CRAO undergoing paracentesis and 10 controls undergoing cataract surgery. VH samples were collected from 10 patients with DR and 10 non-diabetic controls undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Samples were analyzed using mass spectrometry. Results Compared with controls, AH levels of 36 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in patients with CRAO. Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed 11 proteins linked to ophthalmic diseases. Notably, enolase 2, a glycolysis enzyme isoform primarily expressed in neurons, was upregulated, suggesting neuronal injury and enzyme release. Additionally, clusterin, a protective glycoprotein, was downregulated. ELISA was conducted to confirm proteomics data. VH samples from patients with DR exhibited changes in a distinct set of proteins, including ones previously reported in the literature. Conclusions The study provides novel insights into CRAO pathophysiology with multiple hits identified. Proteomic results differed between DR and CRAO studies, likely due to the different pathophysiology and disease duration. Translational Relevance This is the first proteomic analysis of CRAO AH, with the potential to identify future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A. Shahror
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Esraa Shosha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marco H. Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey & Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Division of Epidemiology & Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carol A. Morris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Melissa Wild
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Bushra Zaman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Christian D. Mitchell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Pedro Tetelbom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey & Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Paul H. Phillips
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey & Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ahmed A. Sallam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey & Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Abdelrahman Y. Fouda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ragkousis A, Kazantzis D, Georgalas I, Theodossiadis P, Kroupis C, Chatziralli I. PON1, APOE and SDF-1 Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Case-Control Study. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:712. [PMID: 38927649 PMCID: PMC11203263 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have tried to evaluate the potential role of thrombophilia-related genes in retinal vein occlusion (RVO); however, there is limited research on genes related to different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in RVO. In view of the strong contribution of oxidative stress and inflammation to the pathogenesis of RVO, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of inflammation- and oxidative-stress-related polymorphisms from three different genes [apolipoprotein E (APOE), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)] and the risk of RVO in a Greek population. Participants in this case-control study were 50 RVO patients (RVO group) and 50 healthy volunteers (control group). Blood samples were collected on EDTA tubes and genomic DNA was extracted. Genotyping of rs854560 (L55M) and rs662 (Q192R) for the PON1 gene, rs429358 and rs7412 for the APOE gene and rs1801157 [SDF1-3'G(801)A] for SDF-1 gene was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Multiple genetic models (codominant, dominant, recessive, overdominant and log-additive) and haplotype analyses were performed using the SNPStats web tool to assess the correlation between the genetic polymorphisms and the risk of RVO. Binary logistic regression analysis was used for the association analysis between APOE gene variants and RVO. Given the multifactorial nature of the disease, our statistical analysis was adjusted for the most important systemic risk factors (age, hypertension and diabetes mellitus). The dominant genetic model for the PON1 Q192R single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the association analysis revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the RVO group and the control group. Specifically, after adjusting for age and hypertension, the PON1 192 R allele (QR + RR) was found to be associated with a statistically significantly higher risk of RVO compared to the QQ genotype (OR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.02-6.14, p = 0.04). The statistically significant results were maintained after including diabetes in the multivariate model in addition to age and hypertension (OR = 2.83; 95% CI = 1.01-7.97, p = 0.042). No statistically significant association was revealed between the other studied polymorphisms and the risk of RVO. Haplotype analysis for PON1 SNPs, L55M and Q192R, revealed no statistically significant correlation. In conclusion, PON1 192 R allele carriers (QR + RR) were associated with a statistically significantly increased risk of RVO compared to the QQ homozygotes. These findings suggest that the R allele of the PON1 Q192R is likely to play a role as a risk factor for retinal vein occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Ragkousis
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (P.T.); (I.C.)
| | - Dimitrios Kazantzis
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (P.T.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, “G. Gennimatas” General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis Theodossiadis
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (P.T.); (I.C.)
| | - Christos Kroupis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Irini Chatziralli
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (D.K.); (P.T.); (I.C.)
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Honoré B, Hajari JN, Pedersen TT, Ilginis T, Al-Abaiji HA, Lønkvist CS, Saunte JP, Olsen DA, Brandslund I, Vorum H, Slidsborg C. Proteomic analysis of diabetic retinopathy identifies potential plasma-protein biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:1177-1197. [PMID: 38332693 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify molecular pathways and prognostic- and diagnostic plasma-protein biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy at various stages. METHODS This exploratory, cross-sectional proteomics study involved plasma from 68 adults, including 15 healthy controls and 53 diabetes patients for various stages of diabetic retinopathy: non-diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. Plasma was incubated with peptide library beads and eluted proteins were tryptic digested, analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry followed by bioinformatics. RESULTS In the 68 samples, 248 of the 731 identified plasma-proteins were present in all samples. Analysis of variance showed differential expression of 58 proteins across the five disease subgroups. Protein-Protein Interaction network (STRING) showed enrichment of various pathways during the diabetic stages. In addition, stage-specific driver proteins were detected for early and advanced diabetic retinopathy. Hierarchical clustering showed distinct protein profiles according to disease severity and disease type. CONCLUSIONS Molecular pathways in the cholesterol metabolism, complement system, and coagulation cascade were enriched in patients at various stages of diabetic retinopathy. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway and systemic lupus erythematosus pathways were enriched in early diabetic retinopathy. Stage-specific proteins for early - and advanced diabetic retinopathy as determined herein could be 'key' players in driving disease development and potential 'target' proteins for future therapies. For type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, the proteomic profiles were especially distinct during the early disease stage. Validation studies should aim to clarify the role of the detected molecular pathways, potential biomarkers, and potential 'target' proteins for future therapies in diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bent Honoré
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Javad Nouri Hajari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tobias Torp Pedersen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tomas Ilginis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hajer Ahmad Al-Abaiji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claes Sepstrup Lønkvist
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jon Peiter Saunte
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte Aalund Olsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle Hospital, Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle Hospital, Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Carina Slidsborg
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Winiarczyk M, Thiede B, Utheim TP, Kaarniranta K, Winiarczyk D, Michalak K, Mackiewicz J. Oxidative Stress, Persistent Inflammation and Blood Coagulation Alterations in Serum Proteome of Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:624. [PMID: 38792644 PMCID: PMC11122107 DOI: 10.3390/life14050624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible blindness in elderly populations in developed countries. AMD's etiopathology is multifactorial, with strong environmental and genetic components, but the exact molecular pathomechanisms underlying the disease are still unknown. In this study, we analyzed blood serum collected from 74 neovascular AMD patients and 58 healthy controls to identify proteins that may serve as potential biomarkers and expand our knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of the disease. The study revealed 17 differentially expressed proteins-11 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated-in neovascular AMD, which are involved in the biological processes previously linked with the disease-oxidative stress and persistent inflammation, impaired cellular transport, lipid metabolism and blood coagulation. In conclusion, the differences in the expressions of the proteins identified in this study may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying AMD and possibly serve in future as promising biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Winiarczyk
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dagmara Winiarczyk
- Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Michalak
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Life Sciences, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Mackiewicz
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland;
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Cehofski LJ, Kojima K, Kusada N, Hansen MS, Muttuvelu DV, Bakker N, Klaassen I, Grauslund J, Vorum H, Honoré B. Central subfield thickness of diabetic macular edema: Correlation with the aqueous humor proteome. Mol Vis 2024; 30:17-35. [PMID: 38586604 PMCID: PMC10994682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a sight-threatening complication of diabetes. Consequently, studying the proteome of DME may provide novel insights into underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods In this study, aqueous humor samples from eyes with treatment-naïve clinically significant DME (n = 13) and age-matched controls (n = 11) were compared with label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Additional aqueous humor samples from eyes with treatment-naïve DME (n = 15) and controls (n = 8) were obtained for validation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was evaluated, and the severity of DME was measured as central subfield thickness (CST) employing optical coherence tomography. Control samples were obtained before cataract surgery. Significantly changed proteins were identified using a permutation-based calculation, with a false discovery rate of 0.05. A human donor eye with DME and a control eye were used for immunofluorescence. Results A total of 101 proteins were differentially expressed in the DME. Regulated proteins were involved in complement activation, glycolysis, extracellular matrix interaction, and cholesterol metabolism. The highest-fold change was observed for the fibrinogen alpha chain (fold change = 17.8). Complement components C2, C5, and C8, fibronectin, and hepatocyte growth factor-like protein were increased in DME and correlated with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Ceruloplasmin and complement component C8 correlated with central subfield thickness (CST). Hemopexin, plasma kallikrein, monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14), and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) were upregulated in the DME. LBP was correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor. The increased level of LBP in DME was confirmed using ELISA. The proteins involved in desmosomal integrity, including desmocollin-1 and desmoglein-1, were downregulated in DME and correlated negatively with CST. Immunofluorescence confirmed the extravasation of fibrinogen at the retinal level in the DME. Conclusion Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory proteins, including the complement components LBP and CD14, were observed in DME. DME was associated with the loss of basal membrane proteins, compromised desmosomal integrity, and perturbation of glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kentaro Kojima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kusada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Danson Vasanthan Muttuvelu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mitoje Aps, Skive, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Noëlle Bakker
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Omenn GS, Lane L, Overall CM, Lindskog C, Pineau C, Packer NH, Cristea IM, Weintraub ST, Orchard S, Roehrl MHA, Nice E, Guo T, Van Eyk JE, Liu S, Bandeira N, Aebersold R, Moritz RL, Deutsch EW. The 2023 Report on the Proteome from the HUPO Human Proteome Project. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:532-549. [PMID: 38232391 PMCID: PMC11026053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Since 2010, the Human Proteome Project (HPP), the flagship initiative of the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO), has pursued two goals: (1) to credibly identify the protein parts list and (2) to make proteomics an integral part of multiomics studies of human health and disease. The HPP relies on international collaboration, data sharing, standardized reanalysis of MS data sets by PeptideAtlas and MassIVE-KB using HPP Guidelines for quality assurance, integration and curation of MS and non-MS protein data by neXtProt, plus extensive use of antibody profiling carried out by the Human Protein Atlas. According to the neXtProt release 2023-04-18, protein expression has now been credibly detected (PE1) for 18,397 of the 19,778 neXtProt predicted proteins coded in the human genome (93%). Of these PE1 proteins, 17,453 were detected with mass spectrometry (MS) in accordance with HPP Guidelines and 944 by a variety of non-MS methods. The number of neXtProt PE2, PE3, and PE4 missing proteins now stands at 1381. Achieving the unambiguous identification of 93% of predicted proteins encoded from across all chromosomes represents remarkable experimental progress on the Human Proteome parts list. Meanwhile, there are several categories of predicted proteins that have proved resistant to detection regardless of protein-based methods used. Additionally there are some PE1-4 proteins that probably should be reclassified to PE5, specifically 21 LINC entries and ∼30 HERV entries; these are being addressed in the present year. Applying proteomics in a wide array of biological and clinical studies ensures integration with other omics platforms as reported by the Biology and Disease-driven HPP teams and the antibody and pathology resource pillars. Current progress has positioned the HPP to transition to its Grand Challenge Project focused on determining the primary function(s) of every protein itself and in networks and pathways within the context of human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert S. Omenn
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Lydie Lane
- CALIPHO Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and University of Geneva, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christopher M. Overall
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada, Yonsei University Republic of Korea
| | | | - Charles Pineau
- University Rennes, Inserm U1085, Irset, 35042 Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Susan T. Weintraub
- University of Texas Health Science Center-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, United States
| | | | - Michael H. A. Roehrl
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | | | - Tiannan Guo
- Westlake Center for Intelligent Proteomics, Westlake Laboratory, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jennifer E. Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vicente Boulevard, Pavilion, 9th Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, United States
| | - Siqi Liu
- BGI Group, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Ruedi Aebersold
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology in ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert L. Moritz
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Eric W. Deutsch
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
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Ma F, Wang S, Dai C, Qi F, Meng J. A new retinal OCT-angiography diabetic retinopathy dataset for segmentation and DR grading. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202300052. [PMID: 37421596 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common diseases caused by diabetes and can lead to vision loss or even blindness. The wide-field optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography is non-invasive imaging technology and convenient to diagnose DR. METHODS A newly constructed Retinal OCT-Angiography Diabetic retinopathy (ROAD) dataset is utilized for segmentation and grading tasks. It contains 1200 normal images, 1440 DR images, and 1440 ground truths for DR image segmentation. To handle the problem of grading DR, we propose a novel and effective framework, named projective map attention-based convolutional neural network (PACNet). RESULTS The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our PACNet. The accuracy of the proposed framework for grading DR is 87.5% on the ROAD dataset. CONCLUSIONS The information on ROAD can be viewed at URL https://mip2019.github.io/ROAD. The ROAD dataset will be helpful for the development of the early detection of DR field and future research. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE The novel framework for grading DR is a valuable research and clinical diagnosis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | | | - Cuixia Dai
- College Science, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fumin Qi
- National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
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Muttuvelu DV, Cehofski LJ, Utheim TP, Chen X, Vorum H, Rasmussen MLR, Heegaard S, Khan AM, Abduljabar AB, Honoré B. Tear film proteome changes following Tobradex ® therapy in anterior blepharitis. Acta Ophthalmol 2023. [PMID: 37837306 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The management of blepharitis continues to challenge clinicians due to the poorly understood aetiology of the condition. We recently identified the family of intracellular plakin proteins as essential driving forces underlying anterior blepharitis. A large-scale protein analysis was used to study if a topical dexamethasone/tobramycin solution could be used to reverse the expression of plakin proteins. METHODS Tear film samples from treatment naïve patients with anterior blepharitis (n = 15) were collected with Schirmer filtration paper. A subgroup of the patients (n = 10) received treatment with a dexamethasone/tobramycin 1 + 3 mg/mL ophthalmic suspension (Tobradex® ) for 3 weeks and collection of tear film samples was repeated. The samples were analysed with label-free quantification nano liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry requiring quantification in at least 70% of the samples in each group. Proteins were considered differentially expressed if p < 0.05. RESULTS Following Tobradex® intervention, 27 proteins were upregulated while 61 proteins were downregulated. Regulated proteins after Tobradex® treatment were involved in intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization including downregulation of the plakin proteins envoplakin, epiplakin and periplakin. Plectin, a protein of the plakin family, remained unchanged after Tobradex® therapy. Tobradex® treatment resulted in the regulation of proteins involved in translation including a cluster of downregulated ribosomal proteins. Tobradex® intervention was associated with the regulation of proteins involved in fructose metabolism and glycolytic processes including fructose-1.6-bisphosphatase 1, fructose-bisphosphate aldolases A and B, pyruvate kinase PKM and transketolase. Ig lambda chain V-I region, prominin-1, and protein Niban were upregulated after Tobradex® treatment. CONCLUSIONS Tobradex treatment reversed the expression of plakin proteins in anterior blepharitis. Topical solutions which inhibit the expression of plakin proteins may have the potential to restore the ocular surface integrity in anterior blepharitis and should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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9
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Muttuvelu DV, Cehofski LJ, Muhammad MGF, Chen X, Utheim TP, Khan AM, Abduljabar AB, Kristensen K, Rasmussen MLR, Vorum H, Heegaard S, Honoré B. Anterior blepharitis is associated with elevated plectin levels consistent with a pronounced intracellular response. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:444-455. [PMID: 37348651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anterior blepharitis is a frequent ocular condition which may result in severe ocular surface disease. In this study, advanced proteome analysis was performed to elucidate biological mechanisms underlying anterior blepharitis. METHODS All patients underwent full ophthalmological examination including Ocular Surface Disease Index score (OSDI). Measurement of non-invasive break-up time (NBUT), Oxford score, and meibography were performed. Tear film samples from treatment naïve patients with anterior blepharitis (n = 15) and age-matched controls (n = 11) were collected with Schirmer filtration paper. The samples were analyzed with label-free quantification nano liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LFQ nLC-MS/MS). Significantly regulated proteins were identified with a permutation-based calculation with a false discovery rate at 0.05. RESULTS Among the 927 proteins detected, a total of 162 proteins were significantly changed. Regulated proteins were involved in cytoplasmic translation, positive regulation of B cell activation, complement activation and phagocytosis. High levels of plakin proteins, a group of proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization, were observed in anterior blepharitis, including plectin, desmoplakin, envoplakin, epiplakin, periplakin, and vimentin. The upregulation of plectin was confirmed with single reaction monitoring. Patients with anterior blepharitis had lower levels of immunoglobulin chains, VEGF coregulated chemokine 1 (CXCL17), and platelet-derived growth factor C. CONCLUSIONS Anterior blepharitis was associated with a high level of plectin indicating a pronounced intracellular response with cytoskeletal reorganization. Our data suggest a lack of immunoglobulin chains and CXCL17 in anterior blepharitis with potential alterations in the ocular surface immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Xiangjun Chen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Kasper Kristensen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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10
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Prokai L, Zaman K, Prokai-Tatrai K. Mass spectrometry-based retina proteomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:1032-1062. [PMID: 35670041 PMCID: PMC9730434 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A subfield of neuroproteomics, retina proteomics has experienced a transformative growth since its inception due to methodological advances in enabling chemical, biochemical, and molecular biology techniques. This review focuses on mass spectrometry's contributions to facilitate mammalian and avian retina proteomics to catalog and quantify retinal protein expressions, determine their posttranslational modifications, as well as its applications to study the proteome of the retina in the context of biology, health and diseases, and therapy developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Prokai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Khadiza Zaman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Katalin Prokai-Tatrai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
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11
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Vestergaard N, Cehofski LJ, Alsing AN, Kruse A, Nielsen JE, Schlosser A, Sorensen GL, Honoré B, Vorum H. Large-Scale Protein Analysis of Experimental Retinal Artery Occlusion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097919. [PMID: 37175625 PMCID: PMC10177937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a devastating condition with no effective treatment. The management of RAO could potentially be improved through an in-depth understanding of the molecular alterations in the condition. This study combined advanced proteomic techniques and an experimental model to uncover the retinal large-scale protein profile of RAO. In 13 pigs, RAO was induced with an argon laser and confirmed by fluorescein angiography. Left eyes serving as controls received a sham laser without inducing occlusion. Retinal samples were collected after one, three, or six days and analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In RAO, 36 proteins were differentially regulated on day one, 86 on day three, and 557 on day six. Upregulated proteins included clusterin, vitronectin, and vimentin, with several proteins increasing over time with a maximum on day six, including clusterin, vimentin, osteopontin, annexin-A, signal transducer, and the activator of transcription 3. On day six, RAO resulted in the upregulation of proteins involved in cellular response to stress, hemostasis, innate immune response, and cytokine signaling. Downregulated proteins were involved in transmission across chemical synapses and visual phototransduction. This study identified the upregulation of multiple inflammatory proteins in RAO and the downregulation of proteins involved in visual pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Vestergaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Schlosser
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Grith Lykke Sorensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
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12
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Cehofski LJ, Kojima K, Kusada N, Rasmussen M, Muttuvelu DV, Grauslund J, Vorum H, Honoré B. Macular Edema in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Correlates With Aqueous Fibrinogen Alpha Chain. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:23. [PMID: 36820679 PMCID: PMC9970003 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.2.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The global protein profile of the aqueous humor has been found to correlate with the severity of retinal vascular disease. Studying the aqueous humor in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) with proteomic techniques may bring insights to the molecular mechanisms underlying the condition. Methods Aqueous humor samples from treatment naïve patients with CRVO complicated by macular edema (n = 28) and age-matched controls (n = 20) were analyzed by label-free quantification liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured as logMAR, and the severity of macular edema was evaluated as central retinal thickness (CRT) with optical coherence tomography. Control samples were obtained prior to cataract surgery. Significantly changed proteins were identified by a permutation-based calculation with a false discovery rate of 0.05. Results A total of 177 proteins were differentially expressed in CRVO. Regulated proteins were involved in complement activation, innate immune response, blood coagulation, and cell adhesion. Upregulated proteins that correlated with BCVA and CRT included fibrinogen alpha, beta, and gamma chains, fibronectin, Ig lambda-6 chain C region, Ig alpha-1 chain C region, and complement C7. Downregulated proteins that correlated negatively with BCVA, and CRT, included procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 1, clusterin, opticin, reelin, fibrillin-1, and cadherin-2. Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein were increased in CRVO. Conclusions Fibrinogen chains, fibronectin, and immunoglobulin components correlated with BCVA and CRT, suggesting a multifactorial response. Protective anti-angiogenic proteins, including procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 1, clusterin, and opticin, were downregulated in CRVO and correlated negatively with BCVA and CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kentaro Kojima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kusada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Maja Rasmussen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Danson Vasanthan Muttuvelu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark,University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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13
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Laser-Induced Porcine Model of Experimental Retinal Vein Occlusion: An Optimized Reproducible Approach. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020243. [PMID: 36837445 PMCID: PMC9962108 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a frequent visually disabling condition. The management of RVO continues to challenge clinicians. Macular edema secondary to RVO is often recurrent, and patients typically require intravitreal injections for several years. Understanding molecular mechanisms in RVO is a key element in improving the treatment of the condition. Studying the molecular mechanisms in RVO at the retinal level is possible using animal models of experimental RVO. Most studies of experimental RVO have been sporadic, using only a few animals per experiment. Here, we report on 10 years of experience of the use of argon laser-induced experimental RVO in 108 porcine eyes from 65 animals, including 65 eyes with experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and 43 eyes with experimental central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Reproducibility and methods for evaluating and controlling ischemia in experimental RVO are reviewed. Methods for studying protein changes in RVO are discussed in detail, including proteomic analysis, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Experimental RVO has brought significant insights into molecular changes in RVO. Testing intravitreal interventions in experimental RVO may be a significant step in developing personalized therapeutic approaches for patients with RVO.
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Tear Proteome Revealed Association of S100A Family Proteins and Mesothelin with Thrombosis in Elderly Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314653. [PMID: 36498980 PMCID: PMC9736253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tear samples collected from patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO; n = 28) and healthy volunteers (n = 29) were analyzed using a proteomic label-free absolute quantitative approach. A large proportion (458 proteins with a frequency > 0.6) of tear proteomes was found to be shared between the study groups. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed 29 proteins (p < 0.05) significantly differed between CRVO patients and the control group. Among them, S100A6 (log (2) FC = 1.11, p < 0.001), S100A8 (log (2) FC = 2.45, p < 0.001), S100A9 (log2 (FC) = 2.08, p < 0.001), and mesothelin ((log2 (FC) = 0.82, p < 0.001) were the most abundantly represented upregulated proteins, and β2-microglobulin was the most downregulated protein (log2 (FC) = −2.13, p < 0.001). The selected up- and downregulated proteins were gathered to customize a map of CRVO-related critical protein interactions with quantitative properties. The customized map (FDR < 0.01) revealed inflammation, impairment of retinal hemostasis, and immune response as the main set of processes associated with CRVO ischemic condition. The semantic analysis displayed the prevalence of core biological processes covering dysregulation of mitochondrial organization and utilization of improperly or topologically incorrect folded proteins as a consequence of oxidative stress, and escalating of the ischemic condition caused by the local retinal hemostasis dysregulation. The most significantly different proteins (S100A6, S100A8, S100A9, MSLN, and β2-microglobulin) were applied for the ROC analysis, and their AUC varied from 0.772 to 0.952, suggesting probable association with the CRVO.
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15
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Li R, Ma Z, Zheng W, Wang Z, Yi J, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Chen C. Multiomics analyses reveals Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ats-1 induces anti-apoptosis and energy metabolism by upregulating the respiratory chain-mPTP axis in eukaryotic mitochondria. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:271. [PMID: 36357826 PMCID: PMC9650841 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplasma translocated substrate 1 (Ats-1) is an effector of type 4 secretory systems (T4SS) and the main virulence factor of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Ats-1 is involved in the regulation of host cell biological processes, but the specific molecular mechanism of its action is unclear. RESULTS In this study, we identified Ats-1 as involved in mitochondrial respiratory regulation of HEK293T cells by multi-omics analysis. After intracellular expression of Ats-1, adenosine triphosphate levels and the proliferation of HEK293T cells were both up-regulated, while HEK293T cells apoptosis was inhibited. Ats-1 targeted translocation to the mitochondria where it up-regulated the expression of NDUFB5, NDUFB3, NDUFS7, COX6C, and SLC25A5, thereby enhancing energy production and inhibiting HEK293T cells apoptosis while enhancing HEK293T cells proliferation, and ultimately facilitating Anaplasma phagocytophilum replication in HEK293T cells. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ats-1 induces anti-apoptosis and energy metabolism by upregulating the respiratory chain-mPTP axis in eukaryotic mitochondria. These results provide a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of Anaplasma phagocytophilum within host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Li
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of High Incidence Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in Western China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhongchen Ma
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of High Incidence Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in Western China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of High Incidence Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in Western China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jihai Yi
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of High Incidence Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in Western China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yangyang Xiao
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of High Incidence Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in Western China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yong Wang
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of High Incidence Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in Western China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044International Research Center for Animal Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China ,grid.411680.a0000 0001 0514 4044Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of High Incidence Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in Western China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Cehofski LJ, Kruse A, Mæng MO, Sejergaard BF, Schlosser A, Sorensen GL, Grauslund J, Honoré B, Vorum H. Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant Is Active at the Molecular Level Eight Weeks after Implantation in Experimental Central Retinal Vein Occlusion. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27175687. [PMID: 36080454 PMCID: PMC9457885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a visually disabling condition resulting from a thrombus in the major outflow vessel of the eye. The inflammatory response in CRVO is effectively treated with a dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implant. Uncovering the proteome changes following DEX implant intervention in CRVO may identify key proteins that mediate the beneficial effects of DEX. In six Göttingen minipigs, CRVO was induced in both eyes with an argon laser using a well-established experimental model. The right eyes were treated with a DEX intravitreal implant (Ozurdex, Allergan), while the left control eyes received a sham injection. Eight weeks after DEX intervention, retinal samples were collected and analyzed with tandem mass tag-based mass spectrometry. DEX implant intervention resulted in the upregulation of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP5 (FKBP5) and ubiquilin-4. Immunohistochemistry showed expression of FKBP5 in the nuclei in all cellular layers of the retina. Cell adhesion molecule 3, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16, and trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase were downregulated following DEX intervention. The upregulation of the corticosteroid-sensitive protein FKBP5 suggests that the implant remained active at the molecular level after eight weeks of treatment. Future studies may investigate if FKBP5 regulates the efficacy and duration of the DEX implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-65412788
| | - Anders Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mads Odgaard Mæng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Schlosser
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Grith Lykke Sorensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
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Yang C, Zhao Q, Li S, Pu L, Yu L, Liu Y, Lai X. Effects of Lycium barbarum L. Polysaccharides on Vascular Retinopathy: An Insight Review. Molecules 2022; 27:5628. [PMID: 36080395 PMCID: PMC9457721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular retinopathy is a pathological change in the retina caused by ocular or systemic vascular diseases that can lead to blurred vision and the risk of blindness. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are extracted from the fruit of traditional Chinese medicine, L. barbarum. They have strong biological activities, including immune regulation, antioxidation, and neuroprotection, and have been shown to improve vision in numerous studies. At present, there is no systematic literature review of LBPs on vascular retinal prevention and treatment. We review the structural characterization and extraction methods of LBPs, focus on the mechanism and pharmacokinetics of LBPs in improving vascular retinopathy, and discuss the future clinical application and lack of work. LBPs are involved in the regulation of VEGF, Rho/ROCK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Nrf2/HO-1, AGEs/RAGE signaling pathways, which can alleviate the occurrence and development of vascular retinal diseases in an inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and neuroprotection. LBPs are mainly absorbed by the small intestine and stomach and excreted through urine and feces. Their low bioavailability in vivo has led to the development of novel dosage forms, including multicompartment delivery systems and scaffolds. Data from the literature confirm the medicinal potential of LBPs as a new direction for the prevention and complementary treatment of vascular retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shiling Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lili Pu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liqiong Yu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianrong Lai
- Department of Ethnic Medicine, College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Analysis of the Cytokine Expression in the Aqueous Humor of Individuals with BRVO-Associated Macular Edema. J Ophthalmol 2022; 2022:1514244. [PMID: 35967519 PMCID: PMC9371839 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1514244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the aqueous humor of patients with macular edema (ME) caused by branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), as well as to investigate the relationship between the cytokines as mentioned earlier and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ME, and the degree of ME from the molecular level. Methods In a prospective observational study, fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were used to classify 58 patients with non-ischemic BRVO-ME into three groups according to the degree of ME: 14-mild, 17-moderate, and 27-severe. The specific concentration of IL-6, VEGF, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in the aqueous humor was detected using the BD CSCanto™ II Flow Cytometer (US). Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the levels of BCVA and severity of ME and the expression levels of IL-6, VEGF, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in the aqueous humor. Results According to the obtained data, BCVA did not correlate with the severity of ME, and these four cytokines expression levels in patients' aqueous humor (P > 0.05). Moreover, BCVA did not correlate with mild, moderate, or severe ME as well (P > 0.05). However, the levels of these four cytokines were correlated with the severity of the ME. These underlined cytokines were linked to the mild, moderate, and severe degrees of ME. VEGF was also significantly correlated (r > 0.8, P < 0.0001) with the severity of ME. Conclusions This study suggests that the severity of ME in BRVO-ME patients is significantly correlated with the expression levels of IL-6, VEGF, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in the aqueous humor. Lowering the level of disease-associated cytokines may potentially reduce the degree of ME. Therefore, an in-depth study of the levels and the relationship may provide some evidence for the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of BRVO-ME.
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19
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Hansen MS, Rasmussen M, Grauslund J, Subhi Y, Cehofski LJ. Proteomic analysis of vitreous humour of eyes with diabetic macular oedema: a systematic review. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e1043-e1051. [PMID: 35507578 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of diabetic macular oedema (DME) remains poorly understood. Proteomic analysis of the vitreous using mass spectrometry (MS) can potentially identify proteins of pathophysiological importance. In this systematic review, we summarize the available evidence on protein changes in DME detected by MS. We systematically searched 13 literature databases on 19 September 2021. Eligible studies were defined as those using samples from human eyes with DME analysed with MS. Two authors assessed the studies for eligibility, extracted data and evaluated risk of bias independently. Six eligible studies were identified. All were designed in a cross-sectional fashion comparing results to either a non-diabetic control group or a control group without DME. A total of 62 eyes from 60 patients contributed as study group and 48 eyes from 48 patients served as control group. Proteomic analyses revealed significant differences in the vitreous protein levels in patients with DME when compared with controls. Three studies or more identified increased contents of apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-II, apolipoprotein A-IV, apolipoprotein C-III, gelsolin, pigment epithelium-derived factor, serum albumin, transthyretin, vitamin D-binding protein in DME. Two studies found increased levels of complement factors B and C3. Protein changes reproduced across the studies suggested that DME was associated with retinal lipid accumulation, angiogenesis, retinal protective mechanisms, inflammation and complement activation. Proteome studies support the multifactorial pathogenesis of DME as proteins with highly different biological functions are regulated in DME. An important number of proteins differ, provide pathophysiological insight and suggest the direction for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Schlippe Hansen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maja Rasmussen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Yousif Subhi
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Proteome Analysis of Aflibercept Intervention in Experimental Central Retinal Vein Occlusion. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113360. [PMID: 35684299 PMCID: PMC9182497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aflibercept is a frequently used inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the treatment of macular edema following central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Retinal proteome changes following aflibercept intervention in CRVO remain largely unstudied. Studying proteomic changes of aflibercept intervention may generate a better understanding of mechanisms of action and uncover aspects related to the safety profile. In 10 Danish Landrace pigs, CRVO was induced in both eyes with an argon laser. Right eyes were treated with intravitreal aflibercept while left control eyes received isotonic saline water. Retinal samples were collected 15 days after induced CRVO. Proteomic analysis by tandem mass tag-based mass spectrometry identified a total of 21 proteins that were changed in content following aflibercept intervention. In retinas treated with aflibercept, high levels of aflibercept components were reached, including the VEGF receptor-1 and VEGF receptor-2 domains. Fold changes in the additional proteins ranged between 0.70 and 1.19. Aflibercept intervention resulted in a downregulation of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) (fold change = 0.84) and endoplasmin (fold change = 0.91). The changes were slight and could thereby not be confirmed with less precise immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Our data suggest that aflibercept had a narrow mechanism of action in the CRVO model. This may be an important observation in cases when macular edema secondary to CRVO is resistant to aflibercept intervention.
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21
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Han R, Gong R, Liu W, Xu G. Proteome changes associated with the VEGFR pathway and immune system in diabetic macular edema patients at different diabetic retinopathy stages. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:1050-1060. [PMID: 35435079 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2068181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major cause of vision loss in all stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, there is limited recognition of aqueous humor (AH) proteome profiles of DME patients at different DR stages. In this study, we aimed to investigate the AH proteome changes between DME patients at the nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) stage and those at the proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) stage. METHODS A label-free data-independent acquisition based liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis was performed to profile the abundances of AH proteins in 73 eyes from DME patients at different DR stages. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to confirm the proteomics results with AH samples from non-diabetic patients and DME patients at the NPDR or PDR stage. RESULTS LC-MS/MS results showed significantly changed expression of 308 proteins between DME patients in the NPDR and PDR groups. Compared to the NPDR group, the proteins relatively up-regulated in the PDR group are involved in the immune system and/or negative regulation of the cell cycle, while proteins relatively down-regulated in the PDR group are associated with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) pathway and/or metabolism. ELISA results further verified the proteomic result of down-regulated expression of the immune-associated protein cystatin C (CST3) in the PDR group compared to that in the NPDR and non-diabetic groups. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we reported for the first time the decreased abundances of AH proteins associated with the VEGFR pathway and both down- and up-regulated expression of AH proteins associated with the immune system in the PDR group compared to that in the NPDR group. Furthermore, we found negative correlations of immune-associated protein, CST3 concentration in AH with DR severity and central retinal thickness, suggesting CST3 as a promising target independent of the VEGFR pathway in DME-involved DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030,China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Ruowen Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030,China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030,China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Gezhi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030,China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
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22
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Chen G, Cheng J, Yu H, Huang X, Bao H, Qin L, Wang L, Song Y, Liu X, Peng A. Quantitative proteomics by iTRAQ-PRM based reveals the new characterization for gout. Proteome Sci 2021; 19:12. [PMID: 34635120 PMCID: PMC8507311 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-021-00180-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gout is a common and complex form of immunoreactive arthritis based on hyperuricemia, while the symptoms would turn to remission or even got worse. So, it is hard to early identify whether an asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AHU) patient will be susceptible to get acute gout attack and it is also hard to predict the process of gout remission to flare. Here, we report that the plasma proteins profile can distinguish among acute gout (AG), remission of gout (RG), AHU patients, and healthy controls. Methods We established an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) based method to measure the plasma proteins for AG group (n = 8), RG group (n = 7), AHU group (n = 7) and healthy controls (n = 8). Results Eleven differentially expressed proteins such as Histone H2A, Histone H2B, Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Complement C2, Complement component C8 beta chain (C8B), Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1), Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4), Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1), Serum albumin (ALB) and Multimerin-1 (MMRN1) were identified. Histone H2A, Histone H2B and THBS1 might be the strongest influential regulator to maintain the balance and stability of the gout process. The complement and coagulation cascades is one of the main functional pathways in the mechanism of gout process. Conclusions Histone H2A, Histone H2B and THBS1 are potential candidate genes for novel biomarkers in discriminating gout attack from AHU or RG, providing new theoretical insights for the prognosis, treatment, and management of gout process. Trial registration This study is not a clinical trial. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12953-021-00180-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Chen
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiafen Cheng
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hanjie Yu
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hui Bao
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ling Qin
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ling Wang
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yaxiang Song
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Ai Peng
- Center for Nephrology and Clinical Metabolomics and Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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23
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Rotbain Curovic V, Magalhães P, He T, Hansen TW, Mischak H, Rossing P. Urinary peptidome and diabetic retinopathy in the DIRECT-Protect 1 and 2 trials. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14634. [PMID: 34228837 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the association of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and kidney disease, we investigated the urinary peptidome to presence and deterioration of DR in a post hoc analysis of trials investigating the effect of candesartan on progression of DR in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. METHODS Baseline urinary peptidomic analysis was performed on a random selection of 783 and 792 subjects in two randomized controlled trials, DIRECT-Protect 1 and 2, respectively. End points were two-step (RET2) and three-step (RET3) change in Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol (ETDRS) defined level. Peptide levels were correlated to baseline EDTRS level in a discovery set of 2/3 of the participants from DIRECT-Protect 1. The identified peptides were then validated cross-sectionally in the remaining 1/3 from DIRECT-Protect 1. Thereafter, peptides identified in the discovery set were assessed in the entire DIRECT-Protect 1 and 2 cohorts and significant peptides were tested longitudinally. RESULTS Follow-up ranged 4.0-4.7 years. 24 peptides were associated with baseline DR in the discovery set. COL3A1 (seq: NTG~) and COL4A1 (seq: DGA~) were associated with baseline DR in the validation set (Rho: -.223, p < 0.001 and Rho: -.141, p = 0.024). Neither was significantly associated with end points. Assessing the 24 identified peptides in the entire cohorts, several collagen peptides were associated with baseline DR and end points; however, there was no overlap across diabetes types. CONCLUSIONS We identified several urinary peptides (mainly collagen) associated with the presence of DR, however they could not be conclusively associated with worsening of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tianlin He
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Cehofski LJ, Kojima K, Terao N, Kitazawa K, Thineshkumar S, Grauslund J, Vorum H, Honoré B. Aqueous Fibronectin Correlates With Severity of Macular Edema and Visual Acuity in Patients With Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Proteome Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:6. [PMID: 33270842 PMCID: PMC7718822 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.14.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Large-scale protein analysis may bring important insights into molecular changes following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Using proteomic techniques this study compared aqueous humor samples from patients with BRVO to age-matched controls. Methods Aqueous humor samples from treatment naive patients with BRVO complicated by macular edema (n = 19) and age-matched controls (n = 18) were analyzed with label-free quantification nano liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LFQ nLC-MS/MS). The severity of macular edema was measured as central retinal thickness (CRT) with optical coherence tomography. Control samples were obtained prior to cataract surgery. Proteins were filtered by requiring quantification in at least 50% of the samples in each group without imputation of missing values. Significantly changed proteins were identified with a permutation-based calculation with a false discovery rate at 0.05. Results In BRVO, 52 proteins were differentially expressed. Regulated proteins were involved in cell adhesion, coagulation, and acute-phase response. Apolipoprotein C-III, complement C3, complement C5, complement factor H, fibronectin, and fibrinogen chains were increased in BRVO and correlated with CRT. Fibronectin also correlated with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) were upregulated in BRVO. Contactin-1 and alpha-enolase were downregulated in BRVO and correlated negatively with CRT. Conclusions Multiple proteins, including complement factors, fibrinogen chains, and apolipoprotein C-III, correlated with CRT, indicating a multifactorial response. Fibronectin correlated with BCVA, CRT, and VEGF. Fibronectin may reflect the severity of BRVO. The proinflammatory proteins CD14 and LBP were upregulated in BRVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kentaro Kojima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Terao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Kitazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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25
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Coronado BNL, da Cunha FBS, de Toledo Nobrega O, Martins AMA. The impact of mass spectrometry application to screen new proteomics biomarkers in Ophthalmology. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:2619-2633. [PMID: 33811281 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the search for molecular markers that aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of various human diseases, many studies have focused on changes in genes, their transcripts and protein products. Recent advances in proteomic methodologies, such as mass spectrometry (MS), generate new opportunities to obtain relevant information on normal and abnormal processes that occur in many important cell pathways. The human eye is a highly specialized and compartmentalized organ, and the interpretation of molecular biomarkers helps to evaluate its cellular structure, providing a broader molecular understanding that corroborates in the pathophysiology of ophthalmological diseases, with marked improvements in their diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. This review summarizes the most important protein biomarkers in Ophthalmology screened by MS tools. CONCLUSION The use of translational medicine techniques (as MS), integrating basic and clinical research, still transforms scientific findings, from laboratory researches to clinical applications, from the bedside into the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Nobre Lins Coronado
- School of Medicine, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Department of Ophthalmology, University Center CESMAC, Maceio, AL, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Aline Maria Araujo Martins
- School of Medicine, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Translational Medicine Group, School of Medicine, University Center of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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26
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Aflibercept Intervention in Experimental Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Results in Upregulation of DnaJ Homolog Subfamily C Member 17. J Ophthalmol 2021; 2021:6690260. [PMID: 33747556 PMCID: PMC7960061 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6690260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflibercept is an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) used to treat macular edema following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Despite well-documented efficacy, there is limited knowledge about proteome changes following aflibercept intervention in BRVO. Proteome changes may provide insights into mechanisms of action as well as aspects related to safety profile. In seven Danish Landrace pigs, BRVO was induced with a well-established experimental model of argon laser-induced BRVO. BRVO was induced in both eyes. Three days after the induced BRVO, aflibercept was injected intravitreally in the right eyes, while the left eyes received intravitreal isotonic saline water. Retinas were collected 15 days after the induced BRVO and analyzed with label-free quantification liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LFQ LC-MS/MS). Fourteen proteins were changed in expression following aflibercept intervention in the BRVO model. LFQ LC-MS/MS identified an upregulation of DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 17 (DNAJC17) (fold change = 6.19) and a modest downregulation of isoform 2 of the protein encoded by N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) (fold change = 0.40). NDRG2 was unchanged by Western blotting. In the additional significantly regulated proteins, only discrete changes were observed (fold changes 0.52–1.59). Our study is the first to report an association between aflibercept intervention and the heat shock protein DNAJC17. Our results indicate that the role of heat shock proteins in the treatment of BRVO should be further explored.
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Micera A, Balzamino BO, Di Zazzo A, Dinice L, Bonini S, Coassin M. Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration and Precision Therapy in Retinal Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:601647. [PMID: 33584278 PMCID: PMC7873955 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.601647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vision-threatening retinal diseases affect millions of people worldwide, representing an important public health issue (high social cost) for both technologically advanced and new-industrialized countries. Overall RD group comprises the retinitis pigmentosa, the age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the diabetic retinopathy (DR), and idiopathic epiretinal membrane formation. Endocrine, metabolic, and even lifestyles risk factors have been reported for these age-linked conditions that represent a "public priority" also in this COVID-19 emergency. Chronic inflammation and neurodegeneration characterize the disease evolution, with a consistent vitreoretinal interface impairment. As the vitreous chamber is significantly involved, the latest diagnostic technologies of imaging (retina) and biomarker detection (vitreous) have provided a huge input at both medical and surgical levels. Complement activation and immune cell recruitment/infiltration as well as detrimental intra/extracellular deposits occur in association with a reactive gliosis. The cell/tissue aging route shows a specific signal path and biomolecular profile characterized by the increased expression of several glial-derived mediators, including angiogenic/angiostatic, neurogenic, and stress-related factors (oxidative stress metabolites, inflammation, and even amyloid formation). The possibility to access vitreous chamber by collecting vitreous reflux during intravitreal injection or obtaining vitreous biopsy during a vitrectomy represents a step forward for an individualized therapy. As drug response and protein signature appear unique in each single patient, therapies should be individualized. This review addresses the current knowledge about biomarkers and pharmacological targets in these vitreoretinal diseases. As vitreous fluids might reflect the early stages of retinal sufferance and/or late stages of neurodegeneration, the possibility to modulate intravitreal levels of growth factors, in combination to anti-VEGF therapy, would open to a personalized therapy of retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Micera
- Research and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Sciences, IRCCS - Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - Bijorn Omar Balzamino
- Research and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Sciences, IRCCS - Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Zazzo
- Ophthalmology Operative Complex Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Dinice
- Research and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Sciences, IRCCS - Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonini
- Ophthalmology Operative Complex Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Coassin
- Ophthalmology Operative Complex Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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Guo H, Chen T, Liang Z, Fan L, Shen Y, Zhou D. iTRAQ and PRM-based comparative proteomic profiling in gills of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under copper stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128270. [PMID: 33297214 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Crustaceans are particularly sensitive to heavy metal pollution. Copper (Cu) is one of typical heavy metal pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. However, limited attention has been paid on the proteomic responses of shrimp under Cu stress. White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei held in 5‰ seawater were exposed to 5 mg L-1 Cu for 3 h, and the regulatory mechanism in the gills was elucidated using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. The results showed that a total of 5034 proteins were identified, 385 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 147 differentially up-regulated proteins (DUPs) and 238 differentially down-regulated proteins (DDPs) were found. Bioinformatics analysis indicated the DEPs responding to Cu stress mainly involved in cytoskeleton, immune response, stress response, protein synthesis, detoxification, ion homeostasis and apoptosis. Furthermore, we still performed PRM analysis on sarcoplasmic calcium binding protein (SCP), serine proteinase inhibitor B3 (SPIB3), C-type lectin 4 (CTL4), cathepsin L (CATHL), JHE-like carboxylesterase 1 (CXE1) and paramyosin (PMY), and biochemical analysis on Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) to validate the iTRAQ results, respectively. The present proteome analysis revealed that Cu stress disrupted the ion homeostasis and protein synthesis, and L.vannamei mainly regulates a series of molecular pathways which contained many key proteins involved in the immune process to protect the organism from Cu stress. Our data provides more insight about the underlying mechanisms that related to the stress response of Cu exposure in crustacean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tianci Chen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhi Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lanfen Fan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuchun Shen
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Dayan Zhou
- Aquatic Species Introduction and Breeding Center of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530031, China.
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Avrutsky MI, Ortiz CC, Johnson KV, Potenski AM, Chen CW, Lawson JM, White AJ, Yuen SK, Morales FN, Canepa E, Snipas S, Salvesen GS, Jean YY, Troy CM. Endothelial activation of caspase-9 promotes neurovascular injury in retinal vein occlusion. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3173. [PMID: 32576823 PMCID: PMC7311551 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system ischemic injury features neuronal dysfunction, inflammation and breakdown of vascular integrity. Here we show that activation of endothelial caspase-9 after hypoxia-ischemia is a critical event in subsequent dysfunction of the blood-retina barrier, using a panel of interrelated ophthalmic in vivo imaging measures in a mouse model of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Rapid nonapoptotic activation of caspase-9 and its downstream effector caspase-7 in endothelial cells promotes capillary ischemia and retinal neurodegeneration. Topical eye-drop delivery of a highly selective caspase-9 inhibitor provides morphological and functional retinal protection. Inducible endothelial-specific caspase-9 deletion phenocopies this protection, with attenuated retinal edema, reduced inflammation and preserved neuroretinal morphology and function following RVO. These results reveal a non-apoptotic function of endothelial caspase-9 which regulates blood-retina barrier integrity and neuronal survival, and identify caspase-9 as a therapeutic target in neurovascular disease. Retinal vein occlusion can cause blindness, and features neuronal dysfunction, inflammation and breakdown of vascular integrity. Here the authors report a non-apoptotic role of endothelial caspase-9 in regulating blood-retina barrier integrity and neuronal survival, which can be therapeutically targeted in a mouse model of retinal vein occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Avrutsky
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Crystal Colón Ortiz
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kendra V Johnson
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Anna M Potenski
- Department of Pharmacology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Claire W Chen
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lawson
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Stephanie K Yuen
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Fatima N Morales
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Elisa Canepa
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Scott Snipas
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Guy S Salvesen
- NCI-designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute La Jolla, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ying Y Jean
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Carol M Troy
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Department of Neurology; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Prediction of post-treatment retinal sensitivity by baseline retinal perfusion density measurements in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9614. [PMID: 32541783 PMCID: PMC7295767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the longitudinal correlation between macular sensitivity and perfusion density (PD) in retinas affected by branch retinal vein occlusion. Retinal sensitivity was measured using microperimetry and PD was measured by optical coherence tomography angiography. We also investigated the possibility that the PD, 1 month after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment, is a predictor of retinal sensitivity after 1 year of successful macular oedema management with anti-VEGF. The correlation between measurements of retinal sensitivity and PD at baseline (1 M) and at 6 and 12 months were investigated. There was a significant positive correlation between retinal sensitivity and PD at all time points (baseline (1 M), r = 0.67, P < 0.0001; 6 months, r = 0.59, P < 0.0001; 12 months, r = 0.62, P < 0.0001) and between the PD at 1 month and retinal sensitivity at 12 months (r = 0.63, P < 0.0001). Unlike in areas that showed a mild to moderate decline in PD, retinal sensitivity in areas where the decrease in PD was severe at baseline did not show significant improvement with treatment over time. These findings suggest that the PD value measured using optical coherence tomography angiography at or soon after the baseline can predict retinal sensitivity after 1 year of anti-VEGF treatment.
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Lee SHS, Chang H, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Choi JS, Chung S, Woo HN, Lee KJ, Park K, Lee JY, Lee H. Inhibition of mTOR via an AAV-Delivered shRNA Tested in a Rat OIR Model as a Potential Antiangiogenic Gene Therapy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:45. [PMID: 32106292 PMCID: PMC7329967 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies have shown that inhibitors of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) play important roles in proliferating endothelial cells within the retinal vasculature. Here we explore the effects of inhibiting mTOR as a potential gene therapeutic against pathological retinal angiogenesis in a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods Sprague-Dawley pups were used to generate the OIR model, with a recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing an shRNA (rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP) being administered via intravitreal injection on returning the rats to normoxia, with appropriate controls. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assays, as well as fluorescein angiography, were performed on transverse retinal sections and flat mounts, respectively, to determine the in vivo effects of mTOR inhibition. Results Compared with normal control rats, as well as OIR model animals that were either untreated (20.95 ± 6.85), mock-treated (14.50 ± 2.47), or injected with a control short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-containing virus vector (16.64 ± 4.92), rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP (4.28 ± 2.86, P = 0.00103) treatment resulted in dramatically reduced neovascularization as a percentage of total retinal area. These results mirrored quantifications of retinal avascular area and vessel tortuosity, with rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP exhibiting significantly greater therapeutic efficacy than the other treatments. The virus vector was additionally shown to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration into retinal tissue and possess antiapoptotic properties, both these processes having been implicated in the pathophysiology of angiogenic retinal disorders. Conclusions Taken together, these results demonstrate the strong promise of rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP as an effective and convenient gene therapy for the treatment of neovascular retinal diseases.
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Intravitreal Injections with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors: A Practical Approach. Ophthalmol Ther 2020; 9:191-203. [PMID: 32034689 PMCID: PMC7054499 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-020-00230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravitreal injections with vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors constitute the most prevalent ophthalmic procedure in developed countries. Historically, there has been steady growth in the number of treatments performed of this kind, and projection studies estimate further growth in such treatments in the future. We provide a practical approach to intravitreal injections and discuss important aspects relating to the setting, the patient, the procedure, and the information given to the patient.
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Wei P, He M, Teng H, Han G. Quantitative analysis of metabolites in glucose metabolism in the aqueous humor of patients with central retinal vein occlusion. Exp Eye Res 2020; 191:107919. [PMID: 31923416 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.107919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of aqueous humor (AH) was performed to investigate glucose metabolism in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), and to explore metabolic changes after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment. AH samples were collected from 35 patients. Participants diagnosed with CRVO (n = 15) were compared to participants who underwent cataract surgery (n = 20). Thirteen of the participants with CRVO received second-round anti-VEGF treatments. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was used to quantify metabolites of the AH. Central macular thickness (CMT) and retinal ganglion cell layer (RGC) thickness were measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Thirteen metabolites involved in glucose metabolism were identified. Among these metabolites, succinate, glutamate, and glutamine were significantly decreased for the CRVO group (p = 0.028, 0.009, and 0.017, respectively). The α-ketoglutarate/citrate (K/C) ratio had a significant positive correlation with glutamine levels for both control (r = 0.922, p < 0.001) and CRVO groups (r = 0.674, p = 0.006). A significant increase in lactate was observed after intravitreal anti-VEGF administration (t = 2.273, p = 0.045); the change in CMT was negatively correlated with this increase (r = -0.745, p = 0.003). The alteration of RGC thickness was negatively correlated with increases in both glutamine (r = -0.619, p = 0.024) and glucose (r = -0.754, p = 0.003). These results indicate that, compared to glucose metabolism, glutamine was significantly decreased in the AH of patients with CRVO, and may therefore serve as a potential target for CRVO therapy. The glycolytic pathway might be enhanced after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection, which is an important insight into CRVO pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinghui Wei
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Meiqin He
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - He Teng
- Eye Institute and School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Guoge Han
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China.
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Nawaz IM, Rezzola S, Cancarini A, Russo A, Costagliola C, Semeraro F, Presta M. Human vitreous in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: Characterization and translational implications. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 72:100756. [PMID: 30951889 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment in the working-age population. DR is a progressive eye disease caused by long-term accumulation of hyperglycaemia-mediated pathological alterations in the retina of diabetic patients. DR begins with asymptomatic retinal abnormalities and may progress to advanced-stage proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), characterized by neovascularization or preretinal/vitreous haemorrhages. The vitreous, a transparent gel that fills the posterior cavity of the eye, plays a vital role in maintaining ocular function. Structural and molecular alterations of the vitreous, observed during DR progression, are consequences of metabolic and functional modifications of the retinal tissue. Thus, vitreal alterations reflect the pathological events occurring at the vitreoretinal interface. These events are caused by hypoxic, oxidative, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and leukostatic conditions that occur during diabetes. Conversely, PDR vitreous can exert pathological effects on the diabetic retina, resulting in activation of a vicious cycle that contributes to disease progression. In this review, we recapitulate the major pathological features of DR/PDR, and focus on the structural and molecular changes that characterize the vitreal structure and composition during DR and progression to PDR. In PDR, vitreous represents a reservoir of pathological signalling molecules. Therefore, in this review we discuss how studying the biological activity of the vitreous in different in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental models can provide insights into the pathogenesis of PDR. In addition, the vitreous from PDR patients can represent a novel tool to obtain preclinical experimental evidences for the development and characterization of new therapeutic drug candidates for PDR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz M Nawaz
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Rezzola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Cancarini
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Russo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | - Marco Presta
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy.
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35
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Zeng Y, Cao D, Yu H, Zhuang X, Yang D, Hu Y, He M, Zhang L. Comprehensive analysis of vitreous chemokines involved in ischemic retinal vein occlusion. Mol Vis 2019; 25:756-765. [PMID: 31814701 PMCID: PMC6857774 DOI: pmid/31814701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate vitreous levels of chemokines in eyes with ischemic retinal vein occlusion (RVO). METHODS The vitreous humor was collected at the start of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy from patients with ischemic RVO and patients with idiopathic preretinal membranes (PRMs) and idiopathic macular holes (IMHs). The levels of 40 different chemokines were measured using magnetic color-bead-based multiplex assay. The chi-square test was performed for clinical variables such as sex, and the Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate the differences in the chemokine levels between the RVO group and the control group. RESULTS Vitreous humor was collected from 20 controls and 25 subjects with ischemic RVO. C-C motif ligand 17 (CCL17) was unmeasurable in more than 70% of the samples. The levels of 29 of 39 chemokines were statistically significantly elevated in the RVO group compared with the control group, including CCL21, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL) 13, CCL27, CCL24, CX3CL1, CXCL6, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-16, CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL8, CCL7, CCL13, CCL22, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), CXCL9, CCL3, CCL15, CCL20, CCL19, CCL23, CCL25, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Among the 29 elevated chemokines, we found that the levels of three chemokines (IL-8, CXCL9, and TNF-α) showed a more than six-fold increase in the RVO eyes versus controls, and CXCL9 expression showed the greatest change of all tested chemokines. CONCLUSIONS Dozens of chemokines were found to be elevated in the vitreous of RVO eyes complicated with vitreous hemorrhage, suggesting that inflammation is severe in the ischemic retina. The knowledge of specific upregulation of chemokines in ischemic RVO could allow more targeted future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkao Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghua Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuenan Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Dawei Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yunyan Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Harman JC, Guidry JJ, Gidday JM. Comprehensive characterization of the adult ND4 Swiss Webster mouse retina: Using discovery-based mass spectrometry to decipher the total proteome and phosphoproteome. Mol Vis 2018; 24:875-889. [PMID: 30713425 PMCID: PMC6334985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diverse groups of proteins play integral roles in both the physiology and pathophysiology of the retina. However, thorough proteomic analyses of retinas of experimental species are currently unavailable. The purpose of the present paper is providing the field with a comprehensive proteomic characterization of the retina of a commonly used laboratory mouse using a discovery-based mass spectrometry (MS) approach. Methods Retinas from eight male and eight female 30-week-old outbred ND4 Swiss Webster mice were harvested and immediately processed for MS analysis on a Thermo Fisher (TF) Fusion Orbitrap MS. The retinal proteome and phosphoproteome were identified and subsequently analyzed using Proteome Discoverer 2.2 and Panther-GeneGo. SEQUEST-HT scoring was used for analysis, and the reference protein FASTA database was from Mus musculus. Specifically, three technical repeats were performed for each biological sample. For characterization, only high-scoring peptides were considered, with a false discovery rate (FDR) of <1%. Downstream bioinformatic analysis used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA; Qiagen). Results Using Proteome Discoverer 2.2, 4,767 different proteins were identified and segregated into 26 major protein classes, 9 functional molecular classes, and 12 categories of biological processes. The five largest protein classes included the following: nucleic acid binding (17%), hydrolases (13%), enzyme modulators (10%), transferases (9%), and oxidoreductases (6%). "Binding" and "catalytic" proteins contributed to 81% of the molecular function class at 37% and 42%, respectively. "Cellular processing" and "metabolic processes" contributed the most to biologic activity, at 31% and 26%, respectively. Phosphopeptide enrichment yielded the identification of 610 additional unique proteins that were not originally identified. The two datasets combined produced an adult mouse retinal proteome consisting of 5,377 unique proteins. Overall, 41% of the retinal proteome was phosphorylated. The overwhelming diversity of retinal protein functionality was reflected through further analyses revealing 2,086 unique pathway hits across 241 different pathways (TF). A core analysis summary report was performed in IPA (Qiagen) to analyze the top signaling networks, protein-protein interaction (PPI) enrichments, and canonical pathways. Conclusions Using this high-throughput technique, we have further deciphered and updated the diverse proteome of the mouse retina, including the phosphoproteome, thereby providing the most comprehensive proteomic profile for this tissue known to date. These findings, and the bioinformatic analyses we also provided, establish a platform for future studies, facilitating the elucidation of the relevance of these proteins to the molecular and cellular pathologies that underlie retinal function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod C. Harman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA,Neuroscience Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jessie J. Guidry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA,Proteomics Core Facility, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jeffrey M. Gidday
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center (LSUHSC), New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA,Neuroscience Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA
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Cehofski LJ, Kruse A, Alsing AN, Nielsen JE, Pedersen S, Kirkeby S, Honoré B, Vorum H. Intravitreal bevacizumab upregulates transthyretin in experimental branch retinal vein occlusion. Mol Vis 2018; 24:759-766. [PMID: 30581282 PMCID: PMC6279196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify retinal protein changes that mediate beneficial effects of intravitreal bevacizumab in experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods In six Danish Landrace pigs, BRVO was induced with argon laser in both eyes. After BRVO was induced, the right eye of each animal was given an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab while the left eye was treated with saline water. The retinas were collected 15 days after BRVO, and differentially expressed proteins were analyzed with tandem mass tags-based mass spectrometry. Validation of statistically significantly changed proteins was performed with immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results Fluorescein angiography showed no recanalization of the occluded vessels. A total of 4,013 proteins were successfully identified and quantified. Nine proteins were statistically significantly changed following bevacizumab intervention. In experimental BRVO, bevacizumab treatment resulted in upregulation of transthyretin (TTR) and pantothenate kinase 3. Bevacizumab downregulated protocadherin 7, protein FAM192A, and ATP synthase protein 8. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TTR was highly abundant in the choroid following bevacizumab intervention. Conclusions Bevacizumab intervention in experimental BRVO resulted in an increased level of TTR. This is the second study in which we showed an increased retinal level of TTR following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) intervention in experimental BRVO. We hypothesize that there is an interaction between TTR and VEGF and that bevacizumab may exert a beneficial effect on the retina by upregulating TTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anders Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Alexander Nørgård Alsing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Shona Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Svend Kirkeby
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides Improve Retinopathy in Diabetic Sprague-Dawley Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7943212. [PMID: 30581486 PMCID: PMC6276478 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7943212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has become the most frequent cause of impaired visual acuity and blindness in working-age population in developed countries. Here we use diabetic rats to clarify the role of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on DR. We treated diabetic rats with LBP (400 mg/kg/d or 200 mg/kg/d) orally for 20 weeks. Electroretinogram (ERGs) and Laser Doppler blood flow were measured to assess the retinal function, routine histology and ultrastructural studies were performed to evaluate the morphological alterations, and immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and RT-PCR were conducted to detect the protein and mRNA levels of pro- and antiangiogenic factors. The results showed that diabetes suppressed the amplitudes of a-wave, b-wave, and oscillatory potential in ERG, reduced retinal blood flow, decreased the thickness of the retina, and increased the thickness of basement membrane of the retinal capillary. Furthermore, diabetes increased the mRNA and protein expressions of proangiogenic GFAP and VEGF and suppressed the levels of antiangiogenic PEDG. Treatment with LBP either completely or partially reversed the alterations caused by diabetes. It is concluded that the LBP protects retinal function and morphology in diabetic rats, probably through reinstallation of the balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors, which reduces neovascularization. LBP could be used as a therapeutic drug for DR.
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Cehofski LJ, Kruse A, Kirkeby S, Alsing AN, Ellegaard Nielsen J, Kojima K, Honoré B, Vorum H. IL-18 and S100A12 Are Upregulated in Experimental Central Retinal Vein Occlusion. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113328. [PMID: 30366444 PMCID: PMC6274751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common retinal vascular disease. RVO may be complicated by pronounced ischemia that often leads to severe loss of visual function. The present work aimed at studying the retinal proteome of RVO complicated by ischemia. In six Danish Landrace pigs RVO was induced with argon laser in the right eye of each animal. As four retinal veins were occluded, the RVO best corresponded to a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Left control eyes received a similar laser treatment without inducing occlusion. RVO and retinal ischemia were verified by angiography. The retinas were collected 15 days after RVO for proteomic analysis. RVO resulted in a downregulation of proteins involved in visual perception, including rhodopsin, transducin alpha chain, and peripherin-2. RVO also caused a downregulation of proteins involved in neurotransmitter transport, including glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1), glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2), and complexins 2⁻4. RVO lead to increased contents of proteins involved in inflammation, including interleukin-18 (IL-18), S100A12, and annexin A1 (ANXA1). Immunohistochemistry revealed a general retinal upregulation of IL-18 and ANXA1 while S100A12 was highly abundant in retinal ganglion cells in RVO. IL-18 and S100A12 are likely to be driving forces in the inflammatory response of RVO complicated by ischemia. Our findings also suggest that RVO results in compromised neurotransmission and a downregulation of proteins involved in visual perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Anders Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Svend Kirkeby
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, 1017 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Alexander Nørgård Alsing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | | | - Kentaro Kojima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 6028566 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
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Yan X, Wu Y, Zhong F, Jiang Q, Zhou T, Guo Y, Yang X, Liang J, Joshua Liao D, Lan G. iTRAQ and PRM-based quantitative proteomics in T2DM-susceptible and -tolerant models of Bama mini-pig. Gene 2018; 675:119-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Li J, Lu Q, Lu P. Quantitative proteomics analysis of vitreous body from type 2 diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:151. [PMID: 29940965 PMCID: PMC6020172 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the abundance of vitreous proteins between the patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Methods In this study, we performed mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics analysis of vitreous samples from type 2 diabetic patients with PDR (n = 9) and IMH subjects (n = 9) and identified the abundance of 610 proteins. Results Out of 610 proteins, 64 proteins (Group A) were unique to PDR patients, while 212 proteins (Group B) could be identified in IMH vitreous only. Among the other 334 proteins that could be detected in both PDR and IMH eyes, 62 proteins differed significantly (p < 0.05, fold change > 2), which included 52 proteins (Group C) and 10 proteins (Group D) over- and under-expressed in PDR vitreous compared with the control. All proteins in these four groups were counted as significant proteins in our study. Conclusions We identified and quantified 610 proteins in total, which included 338 significant proteins in our study. Protein distribution analysis demonstrated a clear separation of protein expression in PDR and IMH. The protein function analysis illustrated that immunity and transport related proteins might be associated with PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Qianyi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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Cehofski LJ, Kruse A, Magnusdottir SO, Alsing AN, Nielsen JE, Kirkeby S, Honoré B, Vorum H. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant downregulates PDGFR-α and upregulates caveolin-1 in experimental branch retinal vein occlusion. Exp Eye Res 2018; 171:174-182. [PMID: 29505751 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implant (OZURDEX) provides an effective treatment of inflammation secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Retinal proteome changes which mediate the beneficial effects of the implant remain poorly understood. To study retinal proteome changes in BRVO following an intervention with a DEX implant this study combined an experimental model of BRVO with proteomic techniques. In eight Danish Landrace pigs experimental BRVO was induced in both eyes using argon laser. After inducing BRVO a DEX implant was injected into the right eye of each animal while the left control eye was given an identical injection without an implant. Fifteen days after BRVO and DEX implant intervention the retinas were excised and analyzed with tandem mass tag based mass spectrometry. A total of 26 significantly changed proteins were identified. DEX intervention reduced the retinal levels of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFR-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). DEX treatment resulted in increased levels of caveolin-1, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP5 and transgelin. Changes in PDGFR-α and caveolin-1 were confirmed with immunohistochemistry. In BRVO treated with the DEX implant a strong reaction for caveolin-1 was observed in the innermost retinal layers. DEX implant intervention may inhibit PDGF signaling by decreasing the retinal level of PDGFR-α while an increased content of caveolin-1 may help maintain the integrity of the blood-retinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Anders Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sigriður Olga Magnusdottir
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Alexander Nørgård Alsing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Svend Kirkeby
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Mesquita J, Castro-de-Sousa JP, Vaz-Pereira S, Neves A, Passarinha LA, Tomaz CT. Vascular endothelial growth factors and placenta growth factor in retinal vasculopathies: Current research and future perspectives. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017; 39:102-115. [PMID: 29248329 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vision loss due to disease or degeneration of the eye (retina, choroid, retinal veins, or macula) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. In most cases, vision-threatening ocular diseases are accompanied by abnormal changes in the vasculature of the eye, especially the retina, and these conditions are collectively referred to as retinal vasculopathies. Impaired blood supply or hypoxia stimulates angiogenesis in the vascular and non-vascular sections of the eye, which results in neovascularization, leading to conditions such as diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration. Studies show that vascular endothelial growth factors: VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and placental growth factor (PlGF) are elevated in these diseases, and hence, these factors could be used as markers for disease prognosis and therapy. In this review, we discuss the function of these growth factors in normal development and disease, with focus on ocular disorders and emphasize the importance of accurately determining their levels in the vitreous and serum of patients for correct diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Mesquita
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Castro-de-Sousa
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, R. das Olhalvas, 2410-197 Leiria, Portugal.
| | - Sara Vaz-Pereira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Arminda Neves
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, R. das Olhalvas, 2410-197 Leiria, Portugal.
| | - Luís A Passarinha
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Cândida T Tomaz
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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